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Tan YF, Mo JS, Wang YK, Zhang W, Jiang YP, Xu KP, Tan GS, Liu S, Li J, Wang WX. The ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Hericium. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117353. [PMID: 37907145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mushrooms in the genus Hericium are used as functional food and traditional medicines for a long history in East Asian countries such as China, India, Japan, and Korea. Some species of Hericium are called as monkey head mushroom (Houtougu) in China and Yamabushitake in Japan, which are traditionally considered as rare and precious health promoting food and medicinal materials for the treatment of dyspepsia, insomnia, chronic gastritis, and digestive tract tumors. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to summarize the ethnopharmacology and structural diversity of secondary metabolites from Hericium species, as well as the pharmacological activities of the crude extracts and pure compounds from Hericium species in recent years. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the information was gathered by searching Scifinder, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Springer, Wiley, ACS, CNKI, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar databases and other published materials (books and Ph.D. and M. Sc. Dissertations) using the keywords "Hericium", "Traditional uses", "Chemical composition", "Quality control" and "Pharmacological activity" (1971-May 2023). The species name was checked with https://www.mycobank.org/. RESULTS The traditional uses of Hericium species were summarized, and 230 secondary metabolites from Hericium species were summarized and classified into six classes, mainly focusing on their chemical diversity, biosynthesis, biological activities. The modern pharmacological experiments in vivo or in vitro on their crude and fractionated extracts showed that the chemical components from Hericium species have a broad range of bioactivities, including neuroprotective, antimicrobial, anticancer, α-glucosidase inhibitory, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSIONS The secondary metabolites discovered from Hericium species are highly structurally diverse, and they have the potential to be rich resources of bioactive fungal natural products. Moreover, the unveiled bioactivities of their crude extracts and pure compounds are closely related to critical human health concerns, and in-depth studies on the potential lead compounds, mechanism of pharmacological effects and pharmaceutical properties are clearly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fen Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Ji-Song Mo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Yi-Kun Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Yue-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China.
| | - Wen-Xuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China.
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Gravina AG, Pellegrino R, Palladino G, Coppola A, Brandimarte G, Tuccillo C, Ciardiello F, Romano M, Federico A. Hericium erinaceus, in combination with natural flavonoid/alkaloid and B 3/B 8 vitamins, can improve inflammatory burden in Inflammatory bowel diseases tissue: an ex vivo study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1215329. [PMID: 37465689 PMCID: PMC10350490 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus, berberine, and quercetin are effective in experimental colitis. It is unknown whether they can ameliorate inflammatory bowel diseases in humans. This ex vivo study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of a nutraceutical compound of HBQ-Complex® (H. erinaceus, berberine, and quercetin), biotin, and niacin in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Tissue specimens were obtained either from Normal-Appearing Mucosa (NAM) or from Inflamed Mucosa (IM) in 20 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. mRNA and protein expression of COX-2, IL-10, and TNF-α were determined in NAM and IM biopsy samples (T0). IM samples were then incubated in HBQ-Complex® (with the addition of niacin and biotin), and COX-2, IL-10, and TNF-α tissue levels were evaluated at 120 minutes (T1) and 180 minutes (T2). Incubation with this compound resulted in a progressive decrease in gene and protein COX-2 and TNF-α expression at T1/T2 in the IM. IL-10 showed an opposite trend, with a progressive increase of mRNA and protein expression over the same time window. HBQ-Complex® (with the addition of niacin and biotin) decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines at the mRNA and protein levels in IBD tissue. On the contrary, mRNA and protein expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 showed a progressive increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Gerarda Gravina
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pellegrino
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Palladino
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Annachiara Coppola
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Brandimarte
- Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Cristo Re Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Tuccillo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Romano
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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Tada H, Kawahara K, Osawa H, Song LT, Numazaki K, Kawai J, Onoue S, Nishioka T, Nemoto E, Matsushita K, Sugawara S. Hericium erinaceus ethanol extract and ergosterol exert anti-inflammatory activities by neutralizing lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in human monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 636:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Cho HW, Choi S, Seo K, Kim KH, Jeon JH, Kim CH, Lim S, Jeong S, Chun JL. Gut microbiota profiling in aged dogs after feeding pet food contained Hericium erinaceus. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:937-949. [PMID: 36287790 PMCID: PMC9574611 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Health concern of dogs is the most important issue for pet owners. People who
have companied the dogs long-term provide the utmost cares for their well-being
and healthy life. Recently, it was revealed that the population and types of gut
microbiota affect the metabolism and immunity of the host. However, there is
little information on the gut microbiome of dogs. Hericium
erinaceus (H. erinaceus; HE) is one of the
well-known medicinal mushrooms and has multiple bioactive components including
polyphenol, β-glucan, polysaccharides, ergothioneine, hericerin,
erinacines, etc. Here we tested a pet food that contained H.
erinaceus for improvement in the gut microbiota environment of aged
dogs. A total of 18 dogs, each 11 years old, were utilized. For sixteen weeks,
the dogs were fed with 0.4 g of H. erinaceus (HE-L), or 0.8 g (HE-H), or without
H. erinaceus (CON) per body weight (kg) with daily diets (n
= 6 per group). Taxonomic analysis was performed using metagenomics to
investigate the difference in the gut microbiome. Resulting from principal
coordinates analysis (PCoA) to confirm the distance difference between the
groups, there was a significant difference between HE-H and CON due to weighted
Unique fraction metric (Unifrac) distance (p = 0.047), but HE-L
did not have a statistical difference compared to that of CON. Additionally, the
result of Linear discriminate analysis of effect size (LEfSe) showed that phylum
Bacteroidetes in HE-H and its order Bacteroidales
increased, compared to that of CON, Additionally, phylum
Firmicutes in HE-H, and its genera
(Streptococcus, Tyzzerella) were reduced.
Furthermore, at the family level, Campylobacteraceae and its
genus Campylobacter in HE-H was decreased compared to that of
CON. Summarily, our data demonstrated that the intake of H.
erinaceus can regulate the gut microbial community in aged dogs,
and an adequate supply of HE on pet diets would possibly improve immunity and
anti-obesity on gut-microbiota in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Woo Cho
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Soyoung Choi
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Kangmin Seo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Jeon
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Chan Ho Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Sejin Lim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Sohee Jeong
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ju Lan Chun
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea,Corresponding author: Ju Lan Chun,
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju
55365, Korea. Tel: +82-63-238-7053, E-mail:
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Xiong W, Jia L, Liang J, Cai Y, Chen Y, Nie Y, Jin J, Zhu J. Investigation into the anti-airway inflammatory role of the PI3Kγ inhibitor JN-PK1: An in vitro and in vivo study. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109102. [PMID: 35964410 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) has been proven to be a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the airway; however, there are few reports of selective PI3Kγ inhibitors being used in the field of airway inflammation thus far. Herein, a study employing in vitro and in vivo methodologies was carried out to assess the anti-airway inflammatory effects of JN-PK1, a selective PI3Kγ inhibitor. In RAW264.7 macrophages, JN-PK1 inhibited PI3Kγ-dependent, cellular C5a-induced AKT Ser473 phosphorylation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and had no significant effect on cell viability.Furthermore, JN-PK1 significantly suppressed LPS-induced, proinflammatory cytokine expression and nitric oxide production through inhibition of the PI3K signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells. Then, a murine asthma model was established to evaluate the anti-airway inflammation effect of JN-PK1. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to develop an inflammatory response, fibrosis formation, and other airway changes similar to the symptomatology of asthma in humans. Oral administration of JN-PK1 remarkably attenuated OVA-induced asthma in association with the inhibition of the PI3K signaling pathway. That is to say, the oral administration significantly inhibited increases in inflammatory cell counts and reduced T-helper type 2 cytokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Pulmonary histological studies showed that oral administration of JN-PK1 not only reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells but also retarded airway inflammation and fibration. Taken together, JN-PK1 could be developed as a promising candidate for inflammation therapy, and our findings support some potential for therapeutic inhibition of PI3Kγ to treat inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendian Xiong
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Lei Jia
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yanfei Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Jian Jin
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Jingyu Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Chen Z, Yuan X, Buchanan P, Quek SY. Isolation and determination of lipophilic mycochemicals from a New Zealand edible native mushroom Hericium novae-zealandiae. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Erinacine C on NO Production Through Down-Regulation of NF-κB and Activation of Nrf2-Mediated HO-1 in BV2 Microglial Cells Treated with LPS. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183317. [PMID: 31547327 PMCID: PMC6766924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of Hericium erinaceus extracts, including the fact that the active ingredient erinacine C (EC) can induce the synthesis of nerve growth factor. However, there is limited research on the use and mechanisms of action of EC in treating neuroinflammation. Hence, in this study, the inflammatory responses of human BV2 microglial cells induced by LPS were used to establish a model to assess the anti-neuroinflammatory efficacy of EC and to clarify its possible mechanisms of action. The results showed that EC was able to reduce the levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) proteins produced by LPS-induced BV2 cells, in addition to inhibiting the expression of NF-κB and phosphorylation of IκBα (p-IκBα) proteins. Moreover, EC was found to inhibit the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) protein, and to enhance the nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and the expression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein. Taken together, these data suggest that the mechanism of action of EC involves the inhibition of IκB, p-IκBα, and iNOS expressions and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Lion's Mane Mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. Suppresses H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Damage and LPS-Induced Inflammation in HT22 Hippocampal Neurons and BV2 Microglia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080261. [PMID: 31374912 PMCID: PMC6720269 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation in neuron-glia system are key factors in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. As synthetic drugs may cause side effects, natural products have gained recognition for the prevention or management of diseases. In this study, hot water (HE-HWA) and ethanolic (HE-ETH) extracts of the basidiocarps of Hericium erinaceus mushroom were investigated for their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 mouse hippocampal neurons and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglial activation respectively. HE-ETH showed potent neuroprotective activity by significantly (p < 0.0001) increasing the viability of H2O2-treated neurons. This was accompanied by significant reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p < 0.05) and improvement of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) (p < 0.05) and glutathione (GSH) content (p < 0.01). Besides, HE-ETH significantly improved mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) (p < 0.05) and ATP production (p < 0.0001) while reducing mitochondrial toxicity (p < 0.001), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) gene expression (p < 0.05) and nuclear apoptosis (p < 0.0001). However, gene expression of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) were unaffected (p > 0.05). HE-ETH also significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced nitric oxide (NO) level in LPS-treated BV2 indicating an anti-inflammatory activity in the microglia. These findings demonstrated HE-ETH maybe a potential neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agent in neuron-glia environment.
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Jang HJ, Kim JE, Jeong KH, Lim SC, Kim SY, Cho KO. The Neuroprotective Effect of Hericium erinaceus Extracts in Mouse Hippocampus after Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E859. [PMID: 30781501 PMCID: PMC6413080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus (HE), a culinary-medicinal mushroom, has shown therapeutic potential in many brain diseases. However, the role of HE in status epilepticus (SE)-mediated neuronal death and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of HE using a pilocarpine-induced SE model. Male C57BL/6 mice received crude extracts of HE (60 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg, or 300 mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 d from 14 d before SE to 6 d after SE. At 7 d after SE, cresyl violet and immunohistochemistry of neuronal nuclei revealed improved hippocampal neuronal survival in animals treated with 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg of HE, whereas those treated with 300 mg/kg of HE showed similar neuronal death to that of vehicle-treated controls. While seizure-induced reactive gliosis, assessed by immunohistochemistry, was not altered by HE, the number of hippocampal cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)-expressing cells was significantly reduced by 60 and 120 mg/kg of HE. Triple immunohistochemistry demonstrated no overlap of COX2 labeling with Ox42, in addition to a decrease in COX2/GFAP-co-immunoreactivity in the group treated with 60 mg/kg HE, suggesting that the reduction of COX2 by HE promotes neuroprotection after SE. Our findings highlight the potential application of HE for preventing neuronal death after seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jong Jang
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Kyoung Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Sung Chul Lim
- Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Seong Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Ok Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Institute of Aging and Metabolic Diseases, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
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Chondroprotective Effects of a Standardized Extract (KBH-JP-040) from Kalopanax pictus, Hericium erinaceus, and Astragalus membranaceus in Experimentally Induced In Vitro and In Vivo Osteoarthritis Models. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10030356. [PMID: 29543781 PMCID: PMC5872774 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the chondroprotective effect of a standardized extract (KBH-JP-040) of the Korean traditional herbs Kalopanax pictus Castor-Aralia, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Persoon, and Astragalus membranaceus Schischkin on in vivo and in vitro osteoarthritis (OA) models. Cultured rat chondrocytes were pre-treated with KBH-JP-040 (50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) for 1 h, then recombinant human IL-1α (rhIL-1α) for 24 h. For the in vivo model, rabbits (n = 60) were equally divided into experimental groups: normal control (NC), a collagenase-induced OA group, and OA groups treated with KBH-JP-040 (75, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight) and celecoxib (Cx, 100 mg/kg) orally for 28 days. Treatment with KBH-JP-040 significantly attenuated inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), suppressed the expression of IκBα, NF-κB, and JNK/p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, and upregulated aggrecan and collagen type-II expression in rhIL-1α-stimulated chondrocytes. Furthermore, the serum and synovial levels of inflammatory cytokines of rabbits also decreased in the treatment groups when compared with the OA group. Improved magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological findings further confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of KBH-JP-040 against OA. In conclusion, these results indicate that KBH-JP-040 possesses chondroprotective effects, suppressing inflammation and MMPs, and downregulating IκBα, NF-κB, and JNK/p38 MAP kinase-signaling pathways. This might be a potential therapeutic candidate for OA treatment.
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The potential applications of mushrooms against some facets of atherosclerosis: A review. Food Res Int 2018; 105:517-536. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Li J, Wang XL, Li G, Xu PS, Xu KP, Tan GS. Two new isobenzofuranone derivatives from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:1108-1113. [PMID: 28351165 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1307185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two new isobenzofuranone derivatives erinaceolactones G and H (1 and 2) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus. Their structures were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic evidences. Compound 2 was suggested to be racemic by specific rotation, which was resolved by chiral HPLC into enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Xu-Li Wang
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Guang Li
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Ping-Sheng Xu
- b Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha 410008 , China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
- b Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha 410008 , China
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Chen C, Cao M, Wu D, Li N, Peng J, Song L, Qi P, Zhang M, Zhao J. KH-type splicing regulatory protein mediate inflammatory response in gastric epithelial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:871-878. [PMID: 28618119 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To study differential expressions of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) and inflammatory factors and to explore the relationship between them in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced gastric epithelial cells (GES-1), cells were exposed to LPS for 24 h in the presence or absence of SC-514. Western blot and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) were used to analysis the contents of KSRP, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The results showed that LPS decreased the expression of KSRP protein in GES-1 cells, but not KSRP mRNA, while increasing the levels of iNOS and COX-2 proteins and mRNAs in GES-1cells. High expression of KSRP induced low expressions and stabilities of iNOS and COX-2 in GES-1 cells, indicated that KSRP protein presented negative correlation with iNOS and COX-2 with LPS stimulation. In conclusion, the regulation of expression of KSRP was mainly achieved through post-translational modification. KSRP protein participated in regulating the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in their transcription and translation levels. In response to LPS or gram negative pathogenic microorganism, KSRP could regulate Toll-like receptor (TLR)/ Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway in GES-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Mei Cao
- Core Laboratory, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Daoyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Ningzhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Jingshan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Liju Song
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Core Laboratory, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
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Lakshmanan H, Raman J, David P, Wong KH, Naidu M, Sabaratnam V. Haematological, biochemical and histopathological aspects of Hericium erinaceus ingestion in a rodent model: A sub-chronic toxicological assessment. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:1051-1059. [PMID: 27816657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hericium erinaceus is a culinary-medicinal mushroom and has a long history of usage in traditional Chinese medicine as a tonic for stomach disorders, ulcers and gastrointestinal ailments. AIM OF THE STUDY The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the potential toxic effects of the aqueous extract from the fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus in rats by a sub-chronic oral toxicity study. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this sub-chronic toxicity study, rats were orally administered with the aqueous extract of H. erinaceus (HEAE) at doses of 250, 500 and 1000mg/kg body weight (b.w.) for 90 days. Body weights were recorded on a weekly basis and general behavioural changes were observed. The blood samples were subjected to haematological, biochemical, serum electrolyte, and antioxidant enzyme estimations. The rats were sacrificed and organs were processed and examined for histopathological changes. RESULTS No mortality or morbidity was observed in all the treated and control rats. The results showed that the oral administration of HEAE daily at three different doses for 90 days had no adverse effect on the general behaviour, body weight, haematology, clinical biochemistry, and relative organ weights. Histopathological examination at the end of the study showed normal architecture except for few non-treatment related histopathological changes observed in liver, heart and spleen. CONCLUSION The results of this sub-chronic toxicity study provides evidence that oral administration of HEAE is safe up to 1000mg/kg and H. erinaceus consumption is relatively non-toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariprasath Lakshmanan
- Mushroom Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam University, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Jegadeesh Raman
- Mushroom Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pamela David
- Mushroom Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kah-Hui Wong
- Mushroom Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Murali Naidu
- Mushroom Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- Mushroom Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Chang HC, Yang HL, Pan JH, Korivi M, Pan JY, Hsieh MC, Chao PM, Huang PJ, Tsai CT, Hseu YC. Hericium erinaceus Inhibits TNF-α-Induced Angiogenesis and ROS Generation through Suppression of MMP-9/NF-κB Signaling and Activation of Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Genes in Human EA.hy926 Endothelial Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:8257238. [PMID: 26823953 PMCID: PMC4707368 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8257238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus (HE) is an edible mushroom that has been shown to exhibit anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated the antiangiogenic and antioxidant potentials of ethanol extracts of HE in human endothelial (EA.hy926) cells upon tumor necrosis factor-α- (TNF-α-) stimulation (10 ng/mL). The underlying molecular mechanisms behind the pharmacological efficacies were elucidated. We found that noncytotoxic concentrations of HE (50-200 μg/mL) significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced migration/invasion and capillary-like tube formation of endothelial cells. HE treatment suppressed TNF-α-induced activity and/or overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Furthermore, HE downregulated TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) followed by suppression of I-κB (inhibitor-κB) degradation. Data from fluorescence microscopy illustrated that increased intracellular ROS production upon TNF-α-stimulation was remarkably inhibited by HE pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, HE triggered antioxidant gene expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCLC), and glutathione levels, which may contribute to inhibition of ROS. Increased antioxidant status was associated with upregulated nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) in HE treated cells. Our findings conclude that antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of H. erinaceus may contribute to its anticancer property through modulation of MMP-9/NF-κB and Nrf2-antioxidant signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebron C. Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hao Pan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jian-You Pan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Min Chao
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jane Huang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tsan Tsai
- Institute of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Thongbai B, Rapior S, Hyde KD, Wittstein K, Stadler M. Hericium erinaceus, an amazing medicinal mushroom. Mycol Prog 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-015-1105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Li IC, Chen YL, Chen WP, Lee LY, Tsai YT, Chen CC, Chen CS. Genotoxicity profile of erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus mycelium. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:1195-1201. [PMID: 28962329 PMCID: PMC5598247 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
EAHE mycelium was standardized to have 5 mg/g erinacine A and was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, LC-MSMS, and HPLC. No adverse or test article-related differences were observed during the study. EAHE mycelium is non-genotoxic in a three standard battery of tests.
Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus) has a long history of usage in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of gastric disorders. Recently, it has become a well-established candidate in causing positive brain and nerve health-related activities by inducing nerve growth factor (NGF) from its bioactive ingredient, erinacine A. This active compound, which exists only in fermented mycelium but not in its fruiting body, increases NGF levels in astroglial cells in vitro as well as catecholamine and NGF levels in vivo. With increasing recognition of erinacine A in H. erinaceus (EAHE) mycelium improving neurodegenerative diseases, numerous products are being marketed based on these functional claims. To our knowledge, there have been no reports on the mutagenicity of EAHE prior to this paper. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the mutagenicity and genotoxicity effects of EAHE mycelium conducted in three standard battery of tests (reverse mutation, chromosomal aberration, and micronuclei tests) according to the latest guidelines in order to meet all international regulatory requirements and provide information on the safety of this new and promising natural remedy. Our results have indicated that EAHE mycelium did not significantly increase the number of revertant colonies in the bacterial reverse mutation test nor induce higher frequency of aberrations in the chromosome aberration test. Moreover, no statistically significant EAHE mycelium-related increase was observed in the incidence of reticulocytes per 1000 red blood cells and micronucleated reticulocytes per 1000 reticulocytes. In conclusion, the three standard battery of tests suggested that EAHE mycelium was devoid of mutagenicity and genotoxicity in the tested doses and experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chen Li
- Grape King Biotechnology Inc., Zhong-Li 320, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lien Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | - Li-Ya Lee
- Grape King Biotechnology Inc., Zhong-Li 320, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ting Tsai
- Testing Center, Super Laboratory Inc., Taipei 24890, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin-Shuh Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Noh HJ, Yoon JY, Kim GS, Lee SE, Lee DY, Choi JH, Kim SY, Kang KS, Cho JY, Kim KH. Benzyl alcohol derivatives from the mushroomHericium erinaceumattenuate LPS-stimulated inflammatory response through the regulation of NF-κB and AP-1 activity. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:349-54. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.947036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Medicinal properties of Hericium erinaceus and its potential to formulate novel mushroom-based pharmaceuticals. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:7661-70. [PMID: 25070597 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus is an important mushroom with edible values and medicinal properties. Both the mycelium and the fruiting bodies contain many bioactive compounds with drug efficacy. Recent evidence demonstrates that it is helpful to various diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, immunoregulatory, and many types of cancer. Furthermore, emerging pieces of evidence have shown that different active molecules in H. erinaceus have different functions on different organs in different diseases via the different mechanisms. Drawing on current research results, this review mainly focuses on the therapeutic effects of H. erinaceus on various diseases of multiple physiological systems, including the nervous system, digestive system, circulatory system, and immune system. This paper also discusses systematically the efficient protection of H. erinaceus against the diseases from the intricate experimental proofs by using the systematic viewpoints, which provides a framework for future research directions.
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Li W, Zhou W, Lee DS, Shim SH, Kim YC, Kim YH. Hericirine, a novel anti-inflammatory alkaloid from Hericium erinaceum. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tsai MH, Lin ZC, Liang CJ, Yen FL, Chiang YC, Lee CW. Eupafolin inhibits PGE2 production and COX2 expression in LPS-stimulated human dermal fibroblasts by blocking JNK/AP-1 and Nox2/p47(phox) pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 279:240-51. [PMID: 24967690 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Eupafolin, a major active component found in the methanol extracts of Phyla nodiflora, has been used to treat inflammation of skin. We examined its effects on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in LPS-treated human dermal fibroblasts. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly increased prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) production associated with increased COX-2 expression in Hs68 cells. This effect was blocked by eupafolin, TLR-4 antibody, antioxidants (APO and NAC), as well as inhibitors, including U0126 (ERK1/2), SB202190 (p38), SP600125 (JNK1/2), and Tanshinone IIA (AP-1). In gene regulation level, qPCR and promoter assays revealed that COX-2 expression was attenuated by eupafolin. In addition, eupafolin also ameliorated LPS-induced p47 phox activation and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity. Moreover, pretreatment with eupafolin and APO led to reduced LPS-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38. Further, eupafolin attenuated LPS-induced increase in AP-1 transcription factor binding activity as well as the increase in the phosphorylation of c-Jun and c-Fos. In vivo studies have shown that in dermal fibroblasts of LPS treated mice, eupafolin exerted anti-inflammation effects by decreasing COX-2 protein levels. Our results reveal a novel mechanism for anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of eupafolin that involved inhibition of LPS-induced ROS generation, suppression of MAPK phosphorylation, diminished DNA binding activity of AP-1 and attenuated COX-2 expression leading to reduced production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Our results demonstrate that eupafolin may be used to treat inflammatory responses associated with dermatologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Horng Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Chan Lin
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jung Liang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Lin Yen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chiang
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan; Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Li IC, Chen YL, Lee LY, Chen WP, Tsai YT, Chen CC, Chen CS. Evaluation of the toxicological safety of erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus in a 28-day oral feeding study in Sprague-Dawley rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 70:61-7. [PMID: 24810469 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have attained great importance as they are believed to be the new alternative medicines for conventional therapy. As numerous studies have proved the tremendous medicinal values of Hericium erinaceus, it is necessary to take into account its safety as well as its risk for the recipient. However, mushroom mycelium has an identity distinct from mushrooms, as two specific classes of compounds, hericenones and erinacines, can only be extracted from both the fruit body and the cultured mycelium, respectively. Therefore, this is the first report on the evaluation of the toxicity of H.erinaceus mycelium, enriched with 5mg/g erinacine A, by a 28-day repeated oral administration study in Sprague-Dawley rats. Three doses of 1 (Low), 2 (Mid) and 3 (High) g/kg body weight/day were selected for the study while distilled water served as control. All animals survived to the end of the study. No abnormal changes were observed in clinical signs. No adverse or test article-related differences were found in urinalysis, haematology and serum biochemistry parameters, between the treatment and control groups. No gross pathological findings and histopathological differences were seen. Therefore, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of erinacine A-enriched H.erinaceus is greater than 3g/kgbody weight/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chen Li
- Grape King Biotechnology Inc., Zhong-Li 320, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Lien Chen
- Grape King Biotechnology Inc., Zhong-Li 320, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Ya Lee
- Grape King Biotechnology Inc., Zhong-Li 320, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Ping Chen
- Grape King Biotechnology Inc., Zhong-Li 320, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Ting Tsai
- Testing Center, Super Laboratory Inc., Taipei 24890, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Chu Chen
- Grape King Biotechnology Inc., Zhong-Li 320, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Shuh Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Li G, Yu K, Li F, Xu K, Li J, He S, Cao S, Tan G. Anticancer potential of Hericium erinaceus extracts against human gastrointestinal cancers. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:521-530. [PMID: 24631140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hericium is a genus of mushrooms (fungus) in the Hericiaceae family. Hericium erinaceus (HE) has been used for the treatment of digestive diseases for over 2000 years in China. HE possesses many beneficial functions such as anticancer, antiulcer, antiinflammation and antimicrobial effects, immunomodulation and other activities. The aim of the studies was to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of two extracts (HTJ5 and HTJ5A) from the culture broth of HE against three gastrointestinal cancers such as liver, colorectal and gastric cancers in both of in vitro of cancer cell lines and in vivo of tumor xenografts and discover the active compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two HE extracts (HTJ5 and HTJ5A) were used for the studies. For the study of chemical constituents, the HTJ5 and HTJ5A were separated using a combination of macroporous resin with silica gel, HW-40 and LH-20 chromatography then purified by semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. For the in vitro cytotoxicity studies, HepG2 and Huh-7 liver, HT-29 colon, and NCI-87 gastric cancer cell lines were used and MTT assay was performed to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity. For in vivo antitumor efficacy and toxicity studies, tumor xenograft models of SCID mice bearing liver cancer HepG2 and Huh-7, colon cancer HT-29 and gastric cancer NCI-87 subcutaneously were used and the mice were treated with the vehicle control, HTJ5 and HTJ5A orally (500 and 1000 mg/kg/day) and compared to 5-fluorouraci (5-FU) at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD, 25-30 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally daily for 5 days when the tumors reached about 180-200 mg (mm(3)). Tumor volumes and body weight were measured daily during the first 10 days and 2-3 times a week thereafter to assess the tumor growth inhibition, tumor doubling time, partial and complete tumor response and toxicity. RESULTS Twenty-two compounds were obtained from the fractions of HTJ5/HTJ5A including seven cycli dipeptides, five indole, pyrimidines, amino acids and derivative, three flavones, one anthraquinone, and six small aromatic compounds. HTJ5 and HTJ5A exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro against liver cancer HepG2 and Huh-7, colon cancer HT-29, and gastric cancer NCI-87 cells with the IC50 in 2.50±0.25 and 2.00±0.25, 0.80±0.08 and 1.50±0.28, 1.25±0.06 and 1.25±0.05, and 5.00±0.22 and 4.50±0.14 mg/ml; respectively. For in vivo tumor xenograft studies, HTJ5 and HTJ5A showed significantly antitumor efficacy against all four xenograft models of HepG2, Huh-7, HT-29 and NCI-87 without toxicity to the host. Furthermore, HTJ5 and HTJ5A are more effective than that of 5-FU against the four tumors with less toxicity. CONCLUSION HE extracts (HTJ5 and HTJ5A) are active against liver cancer HepG2 and Huh-7, colon cancer HT-29 and gastric cancer NCI-87 cells in vitro and tumor xenografts bearing in SCID mice in vivo. They are more effective and less toxic compared to 5-FU in all four in vivo tumor models. The compounds have the potential for development into anticancer agents for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer used alone and/or in combination with clinical used chemotherapeutic drugs. However, further studies are required to find out the active chemical constituents and understand the mechanism of action associated with the super in vivo anticancer efficacy. In addition, future studies are needed to confirm our preliminary results of in vivo synergistic antitumor efficacy in animal models of tumor xenografts with the combination of HE extracts and clinical used anticancer drugs such as 5-FU, cisplatin and doxurubicin for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Fushuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Kangping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shujin He
- Hunan Xinhui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410200, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Guishan Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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Pleurotus eryngii Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:532389. [PMID: 24799939 PMCID: PMC3995096 DOI: 10.1155/2014/532389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pleurotus eryngii (P. eryngii) is consumed as a fresh cultivated mushroom worldwide and demonstrated to have multiple beneficial effects. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of P. eryngii in mice with acute lung injury (ALI). Intranasal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 μg/site/mouse) induced marked lung inflammation (increase in the number of inflammatory cells, protein leakage, and production of nitric oxide in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) as well as histopathological damage in the lung, 6 h after treatment. Mice administered heat-treated P. eryngii (0.3–1 g/kg, p.o. (HTPE)) 1 h before LPS challenge showed decreased pulmonary inflammation and ameliorated histopathological damage. These results suggest that HTPE has anti-inflammatory effects against ALI. Thus, P. eryngii itself may also have anti-inflammatory effects and could be a beneficial food for the prevention of ALI induced by bacterial infection.
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Mo C, Wang L, Zhang J, Numazawa S, Tang H, Tang X, Han X, Li J, Yang M, Wang Z, Wei D, Xiao H. The crosstalk between Nrf2 and AMPK signal pathways is important for the anti-inflammatory effect of berberine in LPS-stimulated macrophages and endotoxin-shocked mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:574-88. [PMID: 23875776 PMCID: PMC3901384 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The response of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to oxidative stress has been recently reported but the downstream signals of this response are largely unknown. Meanwhile, the upstream events for the activation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), a critical transcriptional activator for antioxidative responses, remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between AMPK and Nrf2 signal pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammatory system, in which berberine (BBR), a known AMPK activator, was used for inflammation suppression. RESULTS AND INNOVATION In inflammatory macrophages, BBR attenuated LPS-induced expression of inflammatory genes (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS], cyclooxygenase-2 [COX2], interleukin [IL]-6), and the generation of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, but increased the transcription of Nrf2-targeted antioxidative genes (NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 [NQO-1], heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1]), as well as the nuclear localization and phosphorylation of Nrf2 protein. Importantly, we found BBR-induced activation of Nrf2 is AMPK-dependent, as either pharmacologically or genetically inactivating AMPK blocked the activation of Nrf2. Consistent with in vitro experiments, BBR down-regulated the expression of proinflammatory genes but upregulated those of Nrf2-targeted genes in lungs of LPS-injected mice, and these effects were attenuated in Nrf2-deficient mice. Moreover, the effect of BBR on survival time extension and plasma redox regulation in endotoxin-shocked mice was largely weakened when Nrf2-depleted. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate convergence between AMPK and Nrf2 pathways and this intersection is essential for anti-inflammatory effect of BBR in LPS-stimulated macrophages and endotoxin-shocked mice. Uncovering this intersection is significant for understanding the relationship between energy homeostasis and antioxidative responses and may be beneficial for developing new therapeutic strategies against inflammatory diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 20, 574-588.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfen Mo
- 1 Lab for Aging Research, Center for Medical Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
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Kim SP, Nam SH, Friedman M. Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane) mushroom extracts inhibit metastasis of cancer cells to the lung in CT-26 colon cancer-tansplanted mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:4898-904. [PMID: 23668749 DOI: 10.1021/jf400916c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the antimetastatic activity of four Hericium erinaceus edible mushroom extracts using CT-26 murine colon carcinoma cells as an indicator of inhibition of cell migration to the lung. Hot water (HWE) and microwaved 50% ethanol (MWE) extracts of H. erinaceus strongly elicited cancer cell death through apoptosis and inhibited metastasis of cancer cells to the lungs by 66% and 69%, respectively. HWE and MWE reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cells and their activities in culture media. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), another extracellular matrix (ECM)-degrading proteinase, also showed decreased protein expression. In CT-26 cells, HWE and MWE down-regulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylations. The reduced phosphorylations seem to cause reduction of activity of the MMPs, thereby blocking migration and invasion of cells. Dietary administration of HWE and MWE reduced the formation of tumor nodules in the lung by about 50% and 55%, respectively, and prevented increases in lung weight caused by cancer cell metastasis. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of HWE and MWE as beneficial antimetastatic agents, targeting their upstream signaling molecules for mediating the expression of the ECM-degrading proteinases. Acidic and alkaline extracts were not bioactive. Bioactivity seems to be related to composition. H. erinaceus edible mushrooms have the potential to serve as a health-promoting functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Phil Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
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