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Masimov R, Wasan EK. Chitosan non-particulate vaccine delivery systems. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:12921. [PMID: 39114808 PMCID: PMC11303186 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan is an extensively used polymer for drug delivery applications in particulate and non-particulate carriers. Chitosan-based particulate, nano-, and microparticle, carriers have been the most extensively studied for the delivery of therapeutics and vaccines. However, chitosan has also been used in vaccine applications for its adjuvant properties in various hydrogels or as a carrier coating material. The focus of this review will be on the usage of chitosan as a vaccine adjuvant based on its intrinsic immunogenicity; the various forms of chitosan-based non-particulate delivery systems such as thermosensitive hydrogels, microneedles, and conjugates; and the advantages of its role as a coating material for vaccine carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen K. Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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2
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Binaymotlagh R, Hajareh Haghighi F, Chronopoulou L, Palocci C. Liposome-Hydrogel Composites for Controlled Drug Delivery Applications. Gels 2024; 10:284. [PMID: 38667703 PMCID: PMC11048854 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Various controlled delivery systems (CDSs) have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional drug formulations (tablets, capsules, syrups, ointments, etc.). Among innovative CDSs, hydrogels and liposomes have shown great promise for clinical applications thanks to their cost-effectiveness, well-known chemistry and synthetic feasibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility and responsiveness to external stimuli. To date, several liposomal- and hydrogel-based products have been approved to treat cancer, as well as fungal and viral infections, hence the integration of liposomes into hydrogels has attracted increasing attention because of the benefit from both of them into a single platform, resulting in a multifunctional drug formulation, which is essential to develop efficient CDSs. This short review aims to present an updated report on the advancements of liposome-hydrogel systems for drug delivery purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Binaymotlagh
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Farid Hajareh Haghighi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Chronopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the Safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cleofe Palocci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the Safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Silva SS, Rodrigues LC, Fernandes EM, Soares da Costa D, Villalva DG, Loh W, Reis RL. Chitosan/Virgin-Coconut-Oil-Based System Enriched with Cubosomes: A 3D Drug-Delivery Approach. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:394. [PMID: 37504925 PMCID: PMC10381190 DOI: 10.3390/md21070394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emulsion-based systems that combine natural polymers with vegetable oils have been identified as a promising research avenue for developing structures with potential for biomedical applications. Herein, chitosan (CHT), a natural polymer, and virgin coconut oil (VCO), a resource obtained from coconut kernels, were combined to create an emulsion system. Phytantriol-based cubosomes encapsulating sodium diclofenac, an anti-inflammatory drug, were further dispersed into CHT/VCO- based emulsion. Then, the emulsions were frozen and freeze-dried to produce scaffolds. The scaffolds had a porous structure ranging from 20.4 to 73.4 µm, a high swelling ability (up to 900%) in PBS, and adequate stiffness, notably in the presence of cubosomes. Moreover, a well-sustained release of the entrapped diclofenac in the cubosomes into the CHT/VCO-based system, with an accumulated release of 45 ± 2%, was confirmed in PBS, compared to free diclofenac dispersed (80 ± 4%) into CHT/VCO-based structures. Overall, the present approach opens up new avenues for designing porous biomaterials for drug delivery through a sustainable pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone S Silva
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luísa C Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Emanuel M Fernandes
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Diana Soares da Costa
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Denise G Villalva
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Watson Loh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Nisha R, Kumar P, Kumar U, Mishra N, Maurya P, Singh P, Tabassum H, Alka, Singh S, Guleria A, Saraf SA. Assessment of hyaluronic acid-modified imatinib mesylate cubosomes through CD44 targeted drug delivery in NDEA-induced hepatic carcinoma. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Villalva DG, França CG, Loh W. Characterization of cubosomes immobilized in hydrogels of hyaluronic acid and their use for diclofenac controlled delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 212:112352. [PMID: 35101824 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cubosomes are dispersions of bicontinuous surfactant phases that constitute an assertive option to carry and release drugs and biomolecules, offering high efficiency of entrapment and specificity towards biological targets. This paper reports, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the immobilization and characterization of cubosomes in chemically cross-linked oxi-hyaluronic acid and the evaluation of their use for controlled delivery of diclofenac, which is chosen as a model drug. Immobilized cubosomes prepared with phytantriol and bearing either negative or positive charges (in this case due to the addition of a cationic surfactant) were characterized by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis and high-resolution confocal microscopy, confirming that their internal structure remains unaltered and that they appear uniformly distributed within the hydrogel matrix. Their release properties were assessed, and a limited leaching of the cubosomes from the hydrogel matrix with sustained release of the entrapped diclofenac was confirmed. These results enable the use of immobilized cubosomes as an attractive platform for biomedical applications, significantly extending the already promising features of cubosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Giometti França
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Watson Loh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Peers S, Montembault A, Ladavière C. Chitosan hydrogels incorporating colloids for sustained drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118689. [PMID: 34742416 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In today's biomedical research, a huge effort is being made towards the development of efficient drug delivery systems, achieving sustainable and controlled delivery of drugs. Chitosan (CS) hydrogels are high water content materials with very relevant biological properties to that purpose. Their use for a local and delayed delivery has already been demonstrated for a wide variety of therapeutic agents. One relatively recent strategy to improve these CS-based systems consists in the insertion of colloids, embedding drugs, within their three-dimensional matrix. This provides a second barrier to the diffusion of drugs through the system, and allows to better control their release. The main objective of this review is to report the many existing complex systems composed of CS hydrogels embedding different types of colloids used as drug delivery devices to delay the release of drugs. The various biomedical applications of such final systems are also detailed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peers
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, INSA, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP UMR 5223, 15 bd A. Latarjet, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Montembault
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, INSA, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP UMR 5223, 15 bd A. Latarjet, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - C Ladavière
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, INSA, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP UMR 5223, 15 bd A. Latarjet, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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Luzuriaga MA, Shahrivarkevishahi A, Herbert FC, Wijesundara YH, Gassensmith JJ. Biomaterials and nanomaterials for sustained release vaccine delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1735. [PMID: 34180608 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are considered one of the most significant medical advancements in human history, as they have prevented hundreds of millions of deaths since their discovery; however, modern travel permits disease spread at unprecedented rates, and vaccine shortcomings like thermal sensitivity and required booster shots have been made evident by the COVID-19 pandemic. Approaches to overcoming these issues appear promising via the integration of vaccine technology with biomaterials, which offer sustained-release properties and preserve proteins, prevent conformational changes, and enable storage at room temperature. Sustained release and thermal stabilization of therapeutic biomacromolecules is an emerging area that integrates material science, chemistry, immunology, nanotechnology, and pathology to investigate different biocompatible materials. Biomaterials, including natural sugar polymers, synthetic polyesters produced from biologically derived monomers, hydrogel blends, protein-polymer blends, and metal-organic frameworks, have emerged as early players in the field. This overview will focus on significant advances of sustained release biomaterial in the context of vaccines against infectious disease and the progress made towards thermally stable "single-shot" formulations. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Luzuriaga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Fabian C Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA
| | - Yalini H Wijesundara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA
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Wang F, Hao J, Li N, Xing G, Hu M, Zhang G. Integrated System for Purification and Assembly of PCV Cap Nano Vaccine Based on Targeting Peptide Ligand. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:8507-8517. [PMID: 33154640 PMCID: PMC7608655 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s274427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The vaccine design has shifted from attenuated or inactivated whole pathogen vaccines to more pure and defined subunit vaccines. The purification of antigen proteins, especially the precise display of antigen regions, has become a key step affecting the effectiveness of subunit vaccines. Materials and Methods This work presents the application of molecular docking for a peptide ligand designed for PCV2 Cap purification and assembly in one step. Based on the PCV2 Cap protein affinity peptide (L11-DYWWQSWE), the amino terminal of PCV2 Cap was covalently coupled with the polylactic acid–glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) carboxyl terminal through the EDC/NHS method. Results The PLGA had an average diameter of 106 nm. The average diameter increased to 122 nm after the PCV2 Cap protein conjugation, and the Zeta potential shifted from −13.7 mV to −9.6 mV, indicating that the PCV2 Cap protein stably binds to the PLGA. Compared with the free PCV2 Cap protein group, the neutralizing antibody titer was significantly increased on the 14th day after the PLGA-Cap immunization (P < 0.05). The neutralizing antibody level was extremely significant on the 28th day (P < 0.001). The CCK-8 analysis showed that PLGA-Cap had an obvious cytotoxic effect on RAW264.7 cells at the PLGA nanoparticle concentration up to 200 μg/mL but had no obvious cytotoxic effect on DC2.4 cells. Compared with the Cap protein group, the antigen-presenting cells had a stronger antigen uptake capacity and a higher fluorescence in the PLGA-Cap group. The immune effect showed that the level of the neutralizing antibody produced by this structure is much better than that of purified protein and helps improve the immune system response. Conclusion This technology provides a potential new perspective for the rapid enrichment of the antigen protein with the affinity peptide ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfang Hao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China.,College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxu Xing
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Hu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, People's Republic of China
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Preparation and Evaluation of Cubosomes/Cubosomal Gels for Ocular Delivery of Beclomethasone Dipropionate for Management of Uveitis. Pharm Res 2020; 37:198. [PMID: 32968868 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Topical corticosteroids administration is commonly used for management of various ocular conditions especially those affecting the anterior segment of the eye. Poor solubility and limited pre-corneal residence time result in insufficient drug penetration to the outer (cornea and conjunctival-scleral) coats of the eye. This study aimed to prepare and evaluate cubosomes for prolonging residence time and enhancing ocular bioavailability of BDP. METHODS GMO-cubosomes were prepared using the top-down technique. Two stabilizers were investigated: poloxamer 407 and solulan C24. Particle size, EE %, polarized-light microscopy, TEM, in vitro release, transcorneal permeation, BCOP, histopathology and in vivo evaluation for treatment of uveitis in a rabbits' model were studied. RESULTS The prepared cubosomes were of nano-sizes (100 nm - 278 nm); EE% was around 94%. The cubosomes were confirmed by visualizing the "Maltese crosses" textures. Transcorneal permeation was significantly (p < 0.05) improved, compared to BDP-suspension (the control formulation). The optimized cubosomes F1P was incorporated in CMC gel (Cubo-gel). The prepared Cubo-gel formulations showed better rheological characteristics and high ocular tolerability. Superior anti-inflammatory properties were recorded for the Cubo-gel for treatment of endotoxin-induced uveitis in the rabbit model when compared to the control BDP-suspension. CONCLUSIONS Transcorneal permeation parameters Papp and flux and AUC0-10h markedly enhanced by up to 4-, 5.8-and 5.5-fold respectively, compared to the control BDP-suspension formulation. This study suggested that cubosomes/Cubo-gel could be an auspicious ocular delivery system for BDP that was able to effectively treat uveitis (a disease of the posterior segment of the eye).
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Kesavan K, Mohan P, Gautam N, Sheffield VC. Topical Ocular Delivery of Nanocarriers: A Feasible Choice for Glaucoma Management. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:5518-5532. [PMID: 32938345 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200916145609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Topical ocular delivery is an acceptable and familiar approach for the treatment of common ocular diseases. Novel strategies for the treatment of inherited eye diseases include new pharmacologic agents, gene therapy and genome editing, which lead to the expansion of new management options for eye disorders. The topical ocular delivery of nanocarriers is a technique, which has the potential to facilitate novel treatments. Nanocarrier- based strategies have proven effective for site-targeted delivery. This review summarizes recent development in the area of topical delivery of different nanocarriers (Polymer, Vesicular and dispersed systems) for the management of glaucoma, a group of ocular disorders characterized by progressive and accelerated degeneration of the axons of retinal ganglion cells, which make up the optic nerve. Unique cellular targets for glaucoma treatment, primarily the trabecular meshwork of the anterior segment of the eye, make glaucoma facilitated by the use of nanocarriers an ideal disorder for novel molecular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Kesavan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, C.G. 495009, India
| | - Parasuraman Mohan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, C.G. 495009, India
| | - Nivedita Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, C.G. 495009, India
| | - Val C Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, IA, 52242, United States
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Development and optimization of ocular in situ gels loaded with ciprofloxacin cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Mucosal surfaces represent important routes of entry into the human body for the majority of pathogens, and they constitute unique sites for targeted vaccine delivery. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems are emerging technologies for delivering and improving the efficacy of mucosal vaccines. Recent studies have provided new insights into formulation and delivery aspects of importance for the design of safe and efficacious mucosal subunit vaccines based on nanoparticles. These include novel nanomaterials, their physicochemical properties and formulation approaches, nanoparticle interaction with immune cells in the mucosa, and mucosal immunization and delivery strategies. Here, we present recent progress in the application of nanoparticle-based approaches for mucosal vaccine delivery and discuss future research challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Heydari S, Hedayati Ch M, Saadat F, Abedinzade M, Nikokar I, Aboutaleb E, Khafri A, Mokarram AR. Diphtheria toxoid nanoparticles improve learning and memory impairment in animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 72:814-826. [PMID: 32048245 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving memory. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of encapsulated diphtheria toxoid (DT) on behavioral learning impairment, and XBP1 mRNA splicing in AD. METHODS A DT-loaded nanoparticle (NP) carrier was prepared using the ionic gelation method. Sixty-three rats were divided into nine groups: (1) healthy, (2-4) sham, and (5-9) AD models: (5) AD was induced by intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid beta (Aβ) 1-42. (6) The rats received a subcutaneous diphtheria vaccine only 28 days before Aβ injection. (7) The rats received an intranasal diphtheria vaccine, in group 8, induced by administering empty chitosan NPs. 9) it was induced by administering chitosan NPs carrying DT. Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to examine the animals' learning and memory. Also, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) mRNA gene splicing was studied in the hippocampus by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS For the first time, chitosan NPs were prepared with an average diameter size of 40 nm and the effectiveness of approximately 70% during DT encapsulation. In comparison with the healthy group, the AD models exhibited significant impairment of learning and memory (P < 0.05), while DT-administrated animals showed significant improvements in learning and memory impairment (P < 0.05). XBP-1 mRNA gene splicing was only detected in an untreated AD group, while encapsulated DT completely inhibited splicing. CONCLUSION The therapeutic effects of DT chitosan NPs against learning and memory impairment were observed in this study, and XBP1 mRNA splicing was reported in the animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samane Heydari
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hedayati Ch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farshid Saadat
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmood Abedinzade
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Iraj Nikokar
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ehsan Aboutaleb
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Khafri
- Quality Control of Bacterial and Parasitic Vaccine Department, Quality Control Management, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaei Mokarram
- Quality Control of Bacterial and Parasitic Vaccine Department, Quality Control Management, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
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Identification of Formaldehyde-Induced Modifications in Diphtheria Toxin. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:543-557. [PMID: 31678246 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Diphtheria toxoid is produced by detoxification of diphtheria toxin with formaldehyde. This study was performed to elucidate the chemical nature and location of formaldehyde-induced modifications in diphtheria toxoid. Diphtheria toxin was chemically modified using 4 different reactions with the following reagents: (1) formaldehyde and NaCNBH3, (2) formaldehyde, (3) formaldehyde and NaCNBH3 followed by formaldehyde and glycine, and (4) formaldehyde and glycine. The modifications were studied by SDS-PAGE, primary amino group determination, and liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry of chymotryptic digests. Reaction 1 resulted in quantitative dimethylation of all lysine residues. Reaction 2 caused intramolecular cross-links, including the NAD+-binding cavity and the receptor-binding site. Moreover, A fragments and B fragments were cross-linked by formaldehyde on part of the diphtheria toxoid molecules. Reaction 3 resulted in formaldehyde-glycine attachments, including in shielded areas of the protein. The detoxification reaction typically used for vaccine preparation (reaction 4) resulted in a combination of intramolecular cross-links and formaldehyde-glycine attachments. Both the NAD+-binding cavity and the receptor-binding site of diphtheria toxin were chemically modified. Although CD4+ T-cell epitopes were affected to some extent, one universal CD4+ T-cell epitope remained almost completely unaltered by the treatment with formaldehyde and glycine.
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Malik A, Gupta M, Gupta V, Gogoi H, Bhatnagar R. Novel application of trimethyl chitosan as an adjuvant in vaccine delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:7959-7970. [PMID: 30538470 PMCID: PMC6260144 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s165876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of natural carbohydrate polysaccharides for antigen delivery and its adjuvanation potential has garnered interest in the scientific community in the recent years. These biomaterials are considered favorable candidates for adjuvant development due to their desirable properties like enormous bioavailability, non-toxicity, biodegradability, stability, affordability, and immunostimulating ability. Chitosan is the one such extensively studied natural polymer which has been appreciated for its excellent applications in pharmaceuticals. Trimethyl chitosan (TMC), a derivative of chitosan, possesses these properties. In addition it has the properties of high aqueous solubility, high charge density, mucoadhesive, permeation enhancing (ability to cross tight junction), and stability over a range of ionic conditions which makes the spectrum of its applicability much broader. It has also been seen to perform analogously to alum, complete Freund’s adjuvant, incomplete Freund’s adjuvant, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate adjuvanation, which justifies its role as a potent adjuvant. Although many review articles detailing the applications of chitosan in vaccine delivery are available, a comprehensive review of the applications of TMC as an adjuvant is not available to date. This article provides a comprehensive overview of structural and chemical properties of TMC which affect its adjuvant characteristics; the efficacy of various delivery routes for TMC antigen combination; and the recent advances in the elucidation of its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Malik
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,
| | - Manish Gupta
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,
| | - Vatika Gupta
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,
| | - Himanshu Gogoi
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,
| | - Rakesh Bhatnagar
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,
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Spray dried cubosomes with ovalbumin and Quil-A as a nanoparticulate dry powder vaccine formulation. Int J Pharm 2018; 550:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Nonlamellar liquid crystals: a new paradigm for the delivery of small molecules and bio-macromolecules. Ther Deliv 2018; 9:667-689. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2018-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to collate the recent developments in the field of drug delivery, medical therapeutics and diagnostics specifically involving the nonlamellar liquid crystalline (NLC) systems. This review highlights different NLC phases having cubic, hexagonal and sponge internal structures, and their application in the field of drug delivery, such as dose reduction, toxicity reduction and therapeutic efficacy enhancement either in the form of nanoparticles, colloidal dispersion or gels. In addition, application of NLC systems as vehicles for peptides, proteins and as a theranostic system in cancer and other disease conditions is also elaborated, which is a growing platform of interest. Overall, the present review gives us a complete outlook on applications of NLC systems in the field of medicine.
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Said M, Elsayed I, Aboelwafa AA, Elshafeey AH. A novel concept of overcoming the skin barrier using augmented liquid nanocrystals: Box-Behnken optimization, ex vivo and in vivo evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 170:258-265. [PMID: 29935419 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Agomelatine suffers from extensive inactivation through 1st pass effect with a limited oral bioavailability (5%). The aim of this study was to formulate and optimize liquid nanocrystals (LNC) containing agomelatine to enhance the transdermal permeation of the drug. The independent factors of the employed Box-Behnken design were the Pluronic F127, deoxycholic acid sodium salt and propylene glycol percentages. On the other hand, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, cumulative amount permeated at certain time intervals and permeation enhancement ratio were considered as dependent responses. The optimized formulation was composed of 1.5% Pluronic F127 and 1.5% deoxycholic acid sodium salt and it was found to have significantly higher AUC0-24h, AUC0-∞ and elimination t1/2 than that of the employed reference indicating the enhancement of the drug permeation. The obtained findings indicated the ability of the optimized LNC formulation to improve the drug bioavailability after its transdermal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmed A Aboelwafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Elshafeey
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Huang J, Peng T, Li Y, Zhan Z, Zeng Y, Huang Y, Pan X, Wu CY, Wu C. Ocular Cubosome Drug Delivery System for Timolol Maleate: Preparation, Characterization, Cytotoxicity, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2919-2926. [PMID: 28429294 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is an ocular disease featuring increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and its primary treatment strategy is to lower IOP by medication. Current ocular drug delivery in treating glaucoma is confronting a variety of challenges, such as low corneal permeability and bioavailability due to the unique anatomical structure of the human eye. To tackle these challenges, a cubosome drug delivery system for glaucoma treatment was constructed for timolol maleate (TM) in this study. The TM cubosomes (liquid crystalline nanoparticles) were prepared using glycerol monooleate and poloxamer 407 via high-pressure homogenization. These constructed nanoparticles appeared spherical using transmission electron microscopy and had an average particle size of 142 nm, zeta potential of -6.27 mV, and over 85% encapsulation efficiency. Moreover, using polarized light microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), it was shown that the TM cubosomes have cubic liquid crystalline D-type (Pn3m) structure, which provides good physicochemical stability and high encapsulation efficiency. Ex vivo corneal permeability experiments showed that the total amount of TM cubosomes penetrated was higher than the commercially available eye drops. In addition, in vivo studies revealed that TM cubosomes reduced the IOP in rabbits from 27.8∼39.7 to 21.4∼32.6 mmHg after 1-week administration and had a longer retention time and better lower-IOP effect than the commercial TM eye drops. Furthermore, neither cytotoxicity nor histological impairment in the rabbit corneas was observed. This study suggests that cubosomes are capable of increasing the corneal permeability and bioavailability of TM and have great potential for ocular disease treatment.
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Kaneko K, McDowell A, Ishii Y, Hook S. Characterization and evaluation of stabilized particulate formulations as therapeutic oral vaccines for allergy. J Liposome Res 2017; 28:296-304. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2017.1370472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Kaneko
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Arlene McDowell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yasuyuki Ishii
- Laboratory for Vaccine Design, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Kaneko K, McDowell A, Ishii Y, Hook S. Liposomal α-galactosylceramide is taken up by gut-associated lymphoid tissue and stimulates local and systemic immune responses. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1724-1735. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), a synthetic glycosphingolipid that exhibits potent immunostimulatory effects through activation of natural killer T (NKT) cells, can be used to treat conditions such as atopy, cancer, infection and autoimmunity. Administration of therapeutics through the oral route has advantages such as patient convenience, safety and reduced cost; however, there has been little research to investigate whether oral delivery of α-GalCer is possible. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether α-GalCer formulated in either DMSO/Tween 80 or in liposomes, could access lymphoid tissue and stimulate immune activation following oral administration.
Methods
Fluorescently labelled cationic liposomes incorporating α-GalCer were prepared, characterized and administered by oral gavage to fasted mice.
Key findings
Liposomes were detected inside the Peyer's patches (PPs), in the subepithelial dome just under the follicle-associated epithelium. CD11b+ cells and CD11c+ were shown to have taken up the formulation in a higher proportion compared to the total cell proportion in the PPs, suggesting that cells with these markers may be the prominent antigen-presenting cells involved in selective uptake. Finally, the liposomal formulation demonstrated a higher degree of immune stimulation compared to the DMSO/Tween 80 solubilized α-GalCer in the PPs, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen as shown by the increased expression of IL-4 mRNA expression and increased proportion of NKT cells at 6 h and 3 days after administration.
Conclusions
These results show that oral delivery of a liposomal α-GalCer can stimulate local and systemic immune responses to a different degree compared to the non-liposomal form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Kaneko
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Arlene McDowell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yasuyuki Ishii
- Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Expression of Histophilus somni IbpA DR2 protective antigen in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5313-5324. [PMID: 28405704 PMCID: PMC5486823 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing demand for the low-cost production of valuable proteins has stimulated development of novel expression systems. Many challenges faced by existing technology may be overcome by using unicellular microalgae as an expression platform due to their ability to be cultivated rapidly, inexpensively, and in large scale. Diatoms are a particularly productive type of unicellular algae showing promise as production organisms. Here, we report the development of an expression system in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana by expressing the protective IbpA DR2 antigen from Histophilus somni for the production of a vaccine against bovine respiratory disease. The utilization of diatoms with their typically silicified cell walls permitted development of silicon-responsive transcription elements to induce protein expression. Specifically, we demonstrate that transcription elements from the silicon transporter gene SIT1 are sufficient to drive high levels of IbpA DR2 expression during silicon limitation and growth arrest. These culture conditions eliminate the flux of cellular resources into cell division processes, yet do not limit protein expression. In addition to improving protein expression levels by molecular manipulations, yield was dramatically increased through cultivation enhancement including elevated light and CO2 supplementation. We substantially increased recombinant protein production over starting levels to 1.2% of the total sodium dodecyl sulfate-extractable protein in T. pseudonana, which was sufficient to conduct preliminary immunization trials in mice. Mice exposed to 5 μg of diatom-expressed DR2 in whole or sonicated cells (without protein purification) exhibited a modest immune response without the addition of adjuvant.
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Bobbala S, Hook S. Is There an Optimal Formulation and Delivery Strategy for Subunit Vaccines? Pharm Res 2016; 33:2078-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Thakkar V, Korat V, Baldaniya L, Gohel M, Gandhi T, Patel N. Development and characterization of novel hydrogel containing antimicrobial drug for treatment of burns. Int J Pharm Investig 2016; 6:158-68. [PMID: 27606259 PMCID: PMC4991124 DOI: 10.4103/2230-973x.187343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of burn management and therapy is fast healing and epithelisation to prevent infection. The present study is concerned with the development and characterization of a novel nanaoparticulate system; cubosomes, loaded with silver sulfadiazine (SSD) and Aloe vera for topical treatment of infected burns. METHODS Cubosome dispersions were formulated by an emulsification technique using different concentrations of a lipid phase Glyceryl Monooleate (GMO) and Poloxamer 407. The optimum formulae were incorporated in an aloe vera gel containing carbopol 934, to form cubosomal hydrogels (cubogels). The cubogels were characterized by in vitro release of SSD, rheological properties, pH, bioadhesion, Transmission Electron Microscopy and in-vivo Wound Healing Study. RESULTS The results show that the different concentration of GMO had significant effect on particle size, % EE and in vitro drug release. From the in-vitro drug release pattern and similarity factor (f2), it was concluded that batch CG3 (15% GMO and 1% P407) exhibited complete and controlled drug release within 12 hour (i.e. 98.25%), better bio adhesion and superior burn healing as compared to the marketed product. CONCLUSION The in vivo burns healing study in rats revealed that the prepared optimized cubogel containing SSD and aloe vera has superior burns healing rate than cubogel with only SSD and marketed preparation so, it may be successfully used in the treatment of deep second degree burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Thakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Vaishali Korat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Lalji Baldaniya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Mukesh Gohel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejal Gandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Nirav Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Boge L, Bysell H, Ringstad L, Wennman D, Umerska A, Cassisa V, Eriksson J, Joly-Guillou ML, Edwards K, Andersson M. Lipid-Based Liquid Crystals As Carriers for Antimicrobial Peptides: Phase Behavior and Antimicrobial Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:4217-4228. [PMID: 27033359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is increasing worldwide, and the demand for novel antimicrobials is constantly growing. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) could be an important part of future treatment strategies of various bacterial infection diseases. However, AMPs have relatively low stability, because of proteolytic and chemical degradation. As a consequence, carrier systems protecting the AMPs are greatly needed, to achieve efficient treatments. In addition, the carrier system also must administrate the peptide in a controlled manner to match the therapeutic dose window. In this work, lyotropic liquid crystalline (LC) structures consisting of cubic glycerol monooleate/water and hexagonal glycerol monooleate/oleic acid/water have been examined as carriers for AMPs. These LC structures have the capability of solubilizing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, as well as being biocompatible and biodegradable. Both bulk gels and discrete dispersed structures (i.e., cubosomes and hexosomes) have been studied. Three AMPs have been investigated with respect to phase stability of the LC structures and antimicrobial effect: AP114, DPK-060, and LL-37. Characterization of the LC structures was performed using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) and peptide loading efficacy by ultra performance liquid chromatography. The antimicrobial effect of the LCNPs was investigated in vitro using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-kill assay. The most hydrophobic peptide (AP114) was shown to induce an increase in negative curvature of the cubic LC system. The most polar peptide (DPK-060) induced a decrease in negative curvature while LL-37 did not change the LC phase at all. The hexagonal LC phase was not affected by any of the AMPs. Moreover, cubosomes loaded with peptides AP114 and DPK-060 showed preserved antimicrobial activity, whereas particles loaded with peptide LL-37 displayed a loss in its broad-spectrum bactericidal properties. AMP-loaded hexosomes showed a reduction in antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Boge
- SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Drottning Kristinas väg 45, Box 5607, Stockholm SE 11486, Sweden
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology , Kemigården 4, Göteborg SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Helena Bysell
- SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Drottning Kristinas väg 45, Box 5607, Stockholm SE 11486, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Ringstad
- SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Drottning Kristinas väg 45, Box 5607, Stockholm SE 11486, Sweden
| | - David Wennman
- SP Process Development, Forskargatan 18, Box 36, Södertälje SE 15121, Sweden
| | - Anita Umerska
- Inserm U1066, University of Angers , 4 rue Larrey, Cedex 9 Angers FR 49933, France
| | - Viviane Cassisa
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, CHU Angers , 4 rue Larrey, Angers FR 49000, France
| | - Jonny Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University , Husargatan 3, Box 579, Uppsala SE-75123, Sweden
| | | | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University , Husargatan 3, Box 579, Uppsala SE-75123, Sweden
| | - Martin Andersson
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology , Kemigården 4, Göteborg SE-41296, Sweden
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Matougui N, Boge L, Groo AC, Umerska A, Ringstad L, Bysell H, Saulnier P. Lipid-based nanoformulations for peptide delivery. Int J Pharm 2016; 502:80-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Kaurav M, Minz S, Sahu K, Kumar M, Madan J, Pandey RS. Nanoparticulate mediated transcutaneous immunization: Myth or reality. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1063-1081. [PMID: 26767517 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a promising route of vaccine delivery through skin due to many well documented advantages. The main obstacle in TCI is the skin's top dead layer i.e. stratum corneum which is difficult to penetrate. Efficiently delivery of antigen to the immune competent cells of epidermis or dermis in TCI might elicit an effective immune response. In this review, skin immunology with a particular focus on potential of immunological active receptors in influencing adaptive immune responses is highlighted. The challenges with TCI and methods to improve it using different adjuvants, chemical and physical approaches, delivery systems, and combination of above methods to further improve immune response following skin application of antigen are elaborately discussed. Nanoparticulate vaccine delivery systems with reference to their applications in TCI are classified according to their chronological development. Conclusively, clinical translations of above methods are also briefly reviewed. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Transcutaneous immunization has been investigated by many as a promising route of vaccination. In this comprehensive review article, the authors described and discussed the existing knowledge and difficulties in this approach. Furthermore, ways of improving transcutaneous delivery were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kaurav
- SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
| | - Sunita Minz
- SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
| | - Kantrol Sahu
- SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
| | | | - Ravi Shankar Pandey
- SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
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Grijalvo S, Mayr J, Eritja R, Díaz DD. Biodegradable liposome-encapsulated hydrogels for biomedical applications: a marriage of convenience. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:555-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00481k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Liposome-encapsulated hydrogels have emerged as an attractive strategy for medical and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Grijalvo
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC)
- Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering
- Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER BBN)
- Spain
| | - Judith Mayr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- D-93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Ramon Eritja
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC)
- Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering
- Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER BBN)
- Spain
| | - David Díaz Díaz
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC)
- Spain
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- D-93040 Regensburg
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Luo Q, Lin T, Zhang CY, Zhu T, Wang L, Ji Z, Jia B, Ge T, Peng D, Chen W. A novel glyceryl monoolein-bearing cubosomes for gambogenic acid: Preparation, cytotoxicity and intracellular uptake. Int J Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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30
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Hong L, Salentinig S, Hawley A, Boyd BJ. Understanding the Mechanism of Enzyme-Induced Formation of Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6933-6941. [PMID: 26029994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline nanoparticles have shown great potential for application in fields of drug delivery and agriculture. However, optimized approaches to generating these dispersions have long been sought after. This study focused on understanding the mechanism of formation of cubosomes during the recently reported enzymatic approach and extending the approach to alternative lipid types other than phytantriol. The chain length of digestible lipids was found to influence the effectiveness of triglycerides in disrupting the equilibrium cubic phase structure to form the emulsion precursor. In general, a greater hydrophobicity of the triglyceride required a lower concentration to inhibit liquid crystal structure formation. Selachyl alcohol was also examined due to its nondigestible trait and ability to form the inverted hexagonal phase. Digestion of its precursor emulsion formed hexosomes analogous to the phytantriol-based systems. Finally, the assumption that fatty acids liberated during digestion needed to partition out of the nondigestible lipids for the re-formation of the phase structure was found to be untrue. Their ionization state, however, did have an effect on the resulting nanostructure, and this unique property could potentially provide a useful attribute for oral drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adrian Hawley
- §SAXS/WAXS Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Rd., Clayton, VIC 3150, Australia
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Chua BY, Sekiya T, Al Kobaisi M, Short KR, Mainwaring DE, Jackson DC. A single dose biodegradable vaccine depot that induces persistently high levels of antibody over a year. Biomaterials 2015; 53:50-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Monteiro N, Martins M, Martins A, Fonseca NA, Moreira JN, Reis RL, Neves NM. Antibacterial activity of chitosan nanofiber meshes with liposomes immobilized releasing gentamicin. Acta Biomater 2015; 18:196-205. [PMID: 25749293 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chitsan (Ch) nanofiber mesh (NFM) is a material with natural characteristics favoring its use in human wound dressing. The present work proposes a gentamicin-loaded liposome immobilized at the surface of Ch NFMs to promote its antibacterial activity. To achieve this purpose, Ch NFMs were functionalized with thiol groups, and gentamicin-loaded liposomes were covalently immobilized by the reaction of the SH groups with maleimide. The maximum concentration of SH groups (55.52±11.19nmolcm(-2)) was obtained at pH 7. A fluorescent dye was covalently bound to the SH groups present at the surface of electrospun Ch NFMs. Their spatial distribution was uniform throughout the NFMs when analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Gentamicin was successfully encapsulated into the liposomes with an efficiency of 17%. Gentamicin-loaded liposomes were uniformly distributed at the surface of the Ch NFMs and the drug release kinetic showed a sustained release of gentamicin during 16h, achieving a steady state at 24h. The in vitro susceptibility tests confirmed that the gentamicin released from the liposomes immobilized at the surface of electrospun Ch NFM has bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The results show that the developed system has promising performance for wound dressing applications, avoiding infections caused by these common pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Monteiro
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra S. Cláudio do Barco, 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Margarida Martins
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra S. Cláudio do Barco, 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Albino Martins
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra S. Cláudio do Barco, 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Nuno A Fonseca
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy and University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - João N Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy and University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra S. Cláudio do Barco, 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Nuno M Neves
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra S. Cláudio do Barco, 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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Hartnett TE, O’Connor AJ, Ladewig K. Cubosomes and other potential ocular drug delivery vehicles for macromolecular therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1513-26. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1021680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chitosan hydrogel vaccine generates protective CD8 T cell memory against mouse melanoma. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:634-40. [PMID: 25708538 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD8(+) T cells are important in the control of viral infections and cancers because of their cytolytic activity. A vaccine able to generate these cells could be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of these diseases. Chitosan hydrogel is a promising vaccine formulation that has previously been shown to generate effector CD8(+) T cells in a mouse model. This vaccine promotes sustained release of antigen and adjuvant, which generates a robust effector response. For longer lasting immunity, a memory population of these CD8(+) T cells is required to control further disease. We found that vaccination with chitosan hydrogel or dendritic cells using ovalbumin protein as a model antigen and Quil-A adjuvant provided protection in a subcutaneous melanoma challenge 30 days later. Ovalbumin-specific memory CD8(+) T cells were detectable following vaccination with the chitosan hydrogel but not the dendritic cell vaccine and an in vivo cytotoxicity assay demonstrated specific lysis of target cells in chitosan hydrogel vaccinated mice but not those receiving dendritic cell vaccination. These results demonstrate that vaccination with chitosan hydrogel is equally effective as dendritic cell vaccination in tumour protection but has more readily detectable immune correlates of protection. This may be advantageous in predetermining protection in vaccinated individuals.
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Billard A, Pourchet L, Malaise S, Alcouffe P, Montembault A, Ladavière C. Liposome-loaded chitosan physical hydrogel: Toward a promising delayed-release biosystem. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 115:651-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chong JY, Mulet X, Boyd BJ, Drummond CJ. Steric Stabilizers for Cubic Phase Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Nanodispersions (Cubosomes). ADVANCES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS AND LIPOSOMES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adplan.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Modified thermoresponsive Poloxamer 407 and chitosan sol-gels as potential sustained-release vaccine delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 89:74-81. [PMID: 25481034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive, particle-loaded, Poloxamer 407 (P407)-Pluronic-R® (25R4) or chitosan-methyl cellulose (MC) formulations were developed as single-dose, sustained release vaccines. The sol-gels, loaded either with a particulate vaccine (cubosomes) or soluble antigen (ovalbumin) and adjuvants (Quil A and monophosphoryl lipid A), were free-flowing liquids at room temperature and formed stable gels at physiological temperatures. Rheological results showed that both systems meet the criteria of being thermoresponsive gels. The P407-25R4 sol-gels did not significantly sustain the release of antigen in vivo while the chitosan-MC sol-gels sustained the release of antigen up to at least 14 days after administration. The chitosan-MC sol-gels stimulated both cellular and humoral responses. The inclusion of cubosomes in the sol-gels did not provide a definitive beneficial effect. Further analysis of the formulations with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) revealed that while cubosomes were stable in chitosan-MC gels they were not stable in P407-25R4 formulations. The reason for the mixed response to cubosome-loaded vehicles requires more investigation, however it appears that the cubosomes did not facilitate synchronous vaccine release and may in fact retard release, reducing efficacy in some cases. From these results, chitosan-MC sol-gels show potential as sustained release vaccine delivery systems, as compared to the P407-25R4 system that had a limited ability to sustain antigen release.
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Lancelot A, Sierra T, Serrano JL. Nanostructured liquid-crystalline particles for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:547-64. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.884556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Mertins O, Dimova R. Insights on the interactions of chitosan with phospholipid vesicles. Part I: Effect of polymer deprotonation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:14545-14551. [PMID: 24168397 DOI: 10.1021/la403218c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the polysaccharide chitosan and negatively charged phospholipid liposomes were studied as a function of compositional and environmental conditions. Using isothermal titration calorimetry, different levels of deprotonation of chitosan in acidic solutions were attained with titration of the fully protonated polymer at pH 4.48 into solutions with increasing pH. The process was found to be highly endothermic. We then examined the interaction of the polymer with vesicles in solutions of different pH. Even when partially deprotonated, the chitosan chains retain their affinity to the negatively charged liposomes. However, the stronger adsorption results in lower organization of the chains over the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mertins
- Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Science Park Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
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Mertins O, Dimova R. Insights on the interactions of chitosan with phospholipid vesicles. Part II: Membrane stiffening and pore formation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:14552-14559. [PMID: 24168435 DOI: 10.1021/la4032199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between the polysaccharide chitosan and phospholipids are studied using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). We explore both bare GUVs incubated in chitosan solution post vesicle formation and GUVs prepared using a reverse-phase method where the polymer is adsorbed on both sides of the membrane leaflet. The fluctuations of the vesicle membrane are significantly reduced in the presence of chitosan as characterized by the bending rigidity, which increases with chitosan concentration denoting physical restrictions imposed to the bilayer as a consequence of the interaction with the polysaccharide. In the absence of chitosan, the rigidity of the bare phosphatidylcholine vesicles is also observed to increase (about 3-fold) upon the incorporation of a small fraction (10 mol %) of phosphatidylglycerol. Pore formation caused by chitosan is evidenced by loss of optical contrast of the giant vesicles denoting exchange between internal and external solutions through the pores. Our study provides evidence for the potential of chitosan to affect the bilayer permeability and to disrupt negatively charged membranes as well as to promote adhesiveness of vesicles on glass surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mertins
- Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Science Park Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
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