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Liu H, Meng L, Wang J, Qin C, Feng R, Chen Y, Chen P, Zhu Q, Ma M, Teng J, Ding X. Enlarged perivascular spaces in alcohol-related brain damage induced by dyslipidemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241251570. [PMID: 38700501 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241251570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Perivascular spaces (PVSs) as the anatomical basis of the glymphatic system, are increasingly recognized as potential imaging biomarkers of neurological conditions. However, it is not clear whether enlarged PVSs are associated with alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD). We aimed to investigate the effect of long-term alcohol exposure on dyslipidemia and the glymphatic system in ARBD. We found that patients with ARBD exhibited significantly enlargement of PVSs in the frontal cortex and basal ganglia, as well as a notable increased levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG). The anatomical changes of the glymphatic drainage system mentioned above were positively associated with TC and TG. To further explore whether enlarged PVSs affects the function of the glymphatic system in ARBD, we constructed long alcohol exposure and high fat diet mice models. The mouse model of long alcohol exposure exhibited increased levels of TC and TG, enlarged PVSs, the loss of aquaporin-4 polarity caused by reactive astrocytes and impaired glymphatic drainage function which ultimately caused cognitive deficits, in a similar way as high fat diet leading to impairment in glymphatic drainage. Our study highlights the contribution of dyslipidemia due to long-term alcohol abuse in the impairment of the glymphatic drainage system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Jiuqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Chi Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Renyi Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yongkang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Pei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Qingyong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Mingming Ma
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Junfang Teng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xuebing Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Henan 450052, China
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Pashek RE, Nkambule BB, Chan MV, Thibord F, Lachapelle AR, Cunha J, Chen MH, Johnson AD. Alcohol intake including wine drinking is associated with decreased platelet reactivity in a large population sample. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1939-1950. [PMID: 37431613 PMCID: PMC10749750 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is linked to decreased platelet function. Whether this link is dependent on sex or type of beverage remains unclear. METHODS Cross-sectional data were obtained from the Framingham Heart Study (N = 3427). Alcohol consumption was assessed by using standardized medical history and Harvard semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Five bioassays measured 120 platelet reactivity traits across agonists in whole-blood and platelet-rich plasma samples. Linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex and aspirin use, hypertension, body mass index, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, smoking and diabetes evaluated associations between platelet reactivity and alcohol consumption. Beta effects, the regression coefficients that estimate the amount of change in each unit of the predictor variable whereas all other predictor variables remain fixed, for heavy alcohol consumption were compared with effects of aspirin use. RESULTS Alcohol consumption was associated with decreased platelet reactivity, with more associations among wine and liquor compared with beer. Many platelet-alcohol associations in the full sample (86%, P < 0.01) had larger effect sizes in females. Lower light transmission aggregometry adenosine diphosphate (1.82 µM) maximum aggregation (P = 2.6E-3, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.02, β = -0.042) and area under the curve (P = 7.7E-3, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.01, β = -0.039) were associated with white wine consumption; however, red wine had no associations with platelet reactivity. The effect of aspirin use was on average 11.3 (±4.0) times greater than that of heavy drinking in our full sample. CONCLUSIONS We confirm associations between alcohol consumption and decreased platelet reactivity. Effects appeared larger for liquor and wine intake and in our female cohort. Red wine consumption is not associated with lower platelet function, contrasting with prior population studies. Although we report an inhibitory relationship between alcohol intake and platelet function, these effects appear much smaller than that of aspirin use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin E Pashek
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Melissa V Chan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Florian Thibord
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Amber R Lachapelle
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Jason Cunha
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
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Silczuk A, Habrat B. Alcohol-induced thrombocytopenia: Current review. Alcohol 2020; 86:9-16. [PMID: 32330589 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.02.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in the platelet count below 150,000 in a microliter of blood, i.e., below the lower limit of the reference range, which is 150,000-400,000/μL. The phenomenon of thrombocytopenia related to heavy drinking began to arouse interest in the 1960s and 1970s. It was initially described in case reports and clinical studies on small groups. In the following years, the phenomenon itself and the significance of alcohol-induced thrombocytopenia was studied. Many methodological difficulties inhibiting objective conclusions from research were encountered. Model pathological mechanisms of alcohol thrombocytopenia and the effects of alcohol on the structure and function of platelets were described. Furthermore, the phenomenon of rapid normalization of the number of platelets in people who stopped drinking was described. Relationships between alcohol use, its intensity and occurrence, and intensity of thrombocytopenia have been demonstrated. Predictive platelet counts for alcohol withdrawal syndrome complications have been proven and calculated. The risk of occurrence of withdrawal seizures or delirium tremens in alcohol withdrawal syndrome increases significantly when the platelet count is less than 119,000/μL. The knowledge of the nature of the phenomenon of alcohol-induced thrombocytopenia in a clinical environment allows decisions that are more rational. The attention of clinicians should be drawn to the importance of results of blood tests routinely collected on admission.
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Foidl BM, Humpel C. Can mouse models mimic sporadic Alzheimer's disease? Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:401-406. [PMID: 31571648 PMCID: PMC6921354 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.266046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. As age is the main risk factor, > 97% of all AD cases are of sporadic origin, potentiated by various risk factors associated with life style and starting at an age > 60 years. Only < 3% of AD cases are of genetic origin caused by mutations in the amyloid precursor protein or Presenilins 1 or 2, and symptoms already start at an age < 30 years. In order to study progression of AD, as well as therapeutic strategies, mouse models are state-of-the-art. So far many transgenic mouse models have been developed and used, with mutations in the APP or presenilin or combinations (3×Tg, 5×Tg). However, such transgenic mouse models more likely mimic the genetic form of AD and no information can be given how sporadic forms develop. Several risk genes, such as Apolipoprotein E4 and TREM-2 enhance the risk of sporadic AD, but also many risk factors associated with life style (e.g., diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, stress) may play a role. In this review we discuss the current situation regarding AD mouse models, and the problems to develop a sporadic mouse model of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina M. Foidl
- Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer's Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Humpel
- Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer's Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Experimental alcoholism primes structural and functional impairment of the glymphatic pathway. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 85:106-119. [PMID: 31247290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism is a risk factor for the development of cognitive decline and dementia. Here we demonstrated that the glymphatic function in the brain was impaired by alcohol administration. Acute moderate alcohol administration substantially retarded and reduced the entry of subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via the paravascular space into the cerebral parenchyma, thus impaired CSF-interstitial fluid (ISF) exchange and parenchymal amyloid β (Aβ) peptide clearance. The elevated release of β-endorphin and reduced cerebrovascular pulsatility after acute alcohol administration may account for the impairment of the glymphatic function. Chronic moderate alcohol consumption led to pronounced activation of astrocytes and a widespread loss of perivascular AQP4 polarization in the brain, which results in an irreversible impairment of the glymphatic function. The results of the study suggest that impaired glymphatic functions and reduced parenchymal Aβ clearance found in both acute and chronic alcohol treatment may contribute to the development of cognitive decline and dementia in alcoholism.
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Carnevale JA, Segar DJ, Powers AY, Shah M, Doberstein C, Drapcho B, Morrison JF, Williams JR, Collins S, Monteiro K, Asaad WF. Blossoming contusions: identifying factors contributing to the expansion of traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2019; 129:1305-1316. [PMID: 29303442 DOI: 10.3171/2017.7.jns17988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Here, the authors examined the factors involved in the volumetric progression of traumatic brain contusions. The variables significant in this progression are identified, and the expansion rate of a brain bleed can now effectively be predicted given the presenting characteristics of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Carnevale
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - David J Segar
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.,2Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Y Powers
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Meghal Shah
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Benjamin Drapcho
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - John F Morrison
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, New York
| | - John R Williams
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.,5Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | | | - Kristina Monteiro
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Wael F Asaad
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.,7Norman Prince Neurosciences Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
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Nova E, San Mauro-Martín I, Díaz-Prieto LE, Marcos A. Wine and beer within a moderate alcohol intake is associated with higher levels of HDL-c and adiponectin. Nutr Res 2018; 63:42-50. [PMID: 30824396 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The scientific evidence available on the association between moderate alcohol intake and levels of blood cardiometabolic markers is still inconsistent and difficult to interpret for future disease prevention. However, we hypothesize that moderate consumption of alcohol is associated with lower levels of inflammation markers and higher levels of protective cardiometabolic markers. Thus, this work aimed to examine the associations of moderate alcohol intake and the type of alcoholic beverage with metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. An observational, cross-sectional study including 143 apparently healthy adults 55 years of age and older was performed. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect information on alcoholic beverage intake frequency, food frequency, physical activity, socioeconomic status, diseases and medications, and other health-related habits. Three groups were established prior to recruitment: (1) abstainers and occasional consumers (ABS, n = 54); (2) beer consumers (BEER ≥80% of total alcohol intake; n = 40), and (3) mixed beverage consumers (MIXED; n = 49). Univariate analysis of variance models, adjusted for confounding factors and covariables, were performed. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and sP-selectin were significantly higher in the MIXED group than in the ABS group, and adiponectin was higher in the MIXED group compared to the BEER group. All alcohol consumers also had higher mean platelet volume values compared to ABS. In linear regression analyses, HDL-c, sP-selectin, and adiponectin were positively associated with wine intake (g/d) (P < .001, P = .014, and P = .017, respectively); and mean platelet volume, with beer intake (P = .017). In conclusion, this cross-sectional study showed that moderate alcohol intake is associated with higher levels of HDL-c and adiponectin compared to those in abstainers, which are mainly explained by wine intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Nova
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)-CSIC, C/ Jose Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ismael San Mauro-Martín
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)-CSIC, C/ Jose Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ligia E Díaz-Prieto
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)-CSIC, C/ Jose Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)-CSIC, C/ Jose Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Factors associated with the progression of conservatively managed acute traumatic subdural hemorrhage. J Crit Care 2018; 48:243-250. [PMID: 30245365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Traumatic subdural hemorrhage (SDH) is associated with high mortality, yet many patients are not managed surgically. We sought to understand what factors might be associated with SDH enlargement to contribute to the triage of these conservatively managed patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A consecutive series of 117 patients admitted to our institution's level 1 trauma center for SDH between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010 were evaluated. Volumetric measurement of SDHs was performed on initial and follow-up head computed tomography (CT) scans with recording of initial midline shift and classification by location. Multimodel analysis quantified associations with change in SDH volume. RESULTS Systolic blood pressure, presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and initial SDH volume demonstrated positive associations with change in SDH volume, while initial midline shift and transfusion of platelets demonstrated negative associations. Initial convexity SDH volume demonstrated positive association with change in convexity SDH volume, while initial midline shift and transfusion of platelets demonstrated negative associations. Anticoagulant/antiplatelet use demonstrated positive association with change in tentorial SDH volume, while time between CT scans demonstrated negative association. CONCLUSIONS Platelet transfusion, anticoagulation, and hypertension have significant associations with expansion in non-surgical cases of SDH. Monitoring these factors may assist triaging these patients.
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Calvet L, Piot M, Lartigue C, Souweine B, Tardy-Poncet B. Anticoagulant properties of enoxaparin 400 IU/mL-40 % ethanol catheter lock solution. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:746. [PMID: 26693105 PMCID: PMC4666847 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1533-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is the most widely used interdialytic lock solution but has no anti-infectious properties. Ethanol at a content ≥40 %v/v eradicates experimental biofilm but has no anticoagulant properties. In contrast to UFH, enoxaparin (Enox) can be combined with 40 % ethanol without precipitation. Enoxaparin 400 UI/mL–40 % ethanol (Enox/Eth) has antibiofilm properties and therefore has promise as an alternative lock solution. This study assessed the anticoagulant properties of Enox/Eth. Enox and Enox/Eth were diluted in whole blood at a final Enox concentration of 0.5, 1 (N = 6 samples), 1.5 (N = 4) and 2 (N = 6) IU/mL. Anti-Xa activity was determined by chromogenic assay and the inhibition of endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) by thrombinography. Quantitative data were compared by the Mann-Withney U test. For Enox concentrations of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 UI/mL in whole blood samples, the mean ± SD values of the anti-Xa activity were 0.68 ± 0.09, 1.26 ± 0.14, 1.73 ± 0.30, 2.35 ± 0.32 UI/mL for Enox/Eth and 0.94 ± 0.15, 1.80 ± 0.22, 2.74 ± 0.23, 3.54 ± 0.44 UI/mL for Enox (P = 0.03, P = 0.03, P = 0.13, P = 0.03); and of the percentage of ETP inhibition was 17.36 ± 9.65, 30.27 ± 17.06, 36.5 ± 17.06, 57.82 ± 15.42 for Enox/Eth, and 42.96 ± 15.68, 68.93 ± 10.01, 83.5 ± 8.81, 91.19 ± 4.67 for Enox (P = 0.03, P = 0.03, P = 0.13, P = 0.03), respectively. The median and IQR values of Enox concentration inhibiting 50 % of ETP (IC50 ETP) were 1.8 [1.1–2.4] IU/mL for Enox/Eth and 0.7 [0.3–0.9] IU/mL for Enox, P = 0.03. Enox/Eth has strong anticoagulant activity, albeit lower than that of Enox, but with an extremely low IC50 ETP compared to the Enox concentration of non-diluted Enox/Eth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Calvet
- Service de Réanimation Médicale Polyvalente CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Michèle Piot
- Université de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France ; Groupe de Recherche sur la Thrombose, EA 3065, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Claire Lartigue
- Laboratoire Chimie Analytique et Spectrométrie de masse UMR 990 Inserm-UdA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bertrand Souweine
- Service de Réanimation Médicale Polyvalente CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France ; Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome Environnement (LMGE), Clermont Université, UMR CNRS 6023, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France ; Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Service de Réanimation Médicale Polyvalente, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 01, France
| | - Brigitte Tardy-Poncet
- Université de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France ; Groupe de Recherche sur la Thrombose, EA 3065, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France ; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Nord, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France
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Differential changes in platelet reactivity induced by acute physical compared to persistent mental stress. Physiol Behav 2015; 151:284-91. [PMID: 26192713 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are important in hemostasis, but also contain adhesion molecules, pro-inflammatory and immune-modulatory compounds, as well as most of the serotonin outside the central nervous system. Dysbalance in the serotonin pathways is involved in the pathogenesis of depressive symptoms. Thus, changes in platelet aggregation and content of bioactive compounds are of interest when investigating physiological stress-related mental processes as well as stress-related psychiatric diseases such as depression. In the present study, a characterization of platelet reactivity in acute physical and persistent mental stress was performed (aggregation, serotonin and serotonin 2A-receptor, P-selectin, CD40 ligand, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and -9), platelet/endothelial adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), β-thromboglobulin (β-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF-4). Acute physical stress increased platelet aggregability while leaving platelet content of bioactive compounds unchanged. Persistent mental stress led to changes in platelet content of bioactive compounds and serotonin 2A-receptor only. The values of most bioactive compounds correlated with each other. Acute physical and persistent mental stress influences platelets through distinct pathways, leading to differential changes in aggregability and content of bioactive compounds.
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Sleep Deprivation-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown and Brain Dysfunction are Exacerbated by Size-Related Exposure to Ag and Cu Nanoparticles. Neuroprotective Effects of a 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist Ondansetron. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 52:867-81. [PMID: 26133300 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9236-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Military personnel are often subjected to sleep deprivation (SD) during combat operations. Since SD is a severe stress and alters neurochemical metabolism in the brain, a possibility exists that acute or long-term SD will influence blood-brain barrier (BBB) function and brain pathology. This hypothesis was examined in young adult rats (age 12 to 14 weeks) using an inverted flowerpot model. Rats were placed over an inverted flowerpot platform (6.5 cm diameter) in a water pool where the water levels are just 3 cm below the surface. In this model, animals can go to sleep for brief periods but cannot achieve deep sleep as they would fall into water and thus experience sleep interruption. These animals showed leakage of Evans blue in the cerebellum, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, parietal, temporal, occipital, cingulate cerebral cortices, and brain stem. The ventricular walls of the lateral and fourth ventricles were also stained blue, indicating disruption of the BBB and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Breakdown of the BBB or the BCSFB fluid barrier was progressive in nature from 12 to 48 h but no apparent differences in BBB leakage were seen between 48 and 72 h of SD. Interestingly, rats treated with metal nanoparticles, e.g., Cu or Ag, showed profound exacerbation of BBB disruption by 1.5- to 4-fold, depending on the duration of SD. Measurement of plasma and brain serotonin showed a close correlation between BBB disruption and the amine level. Repeated treatment with the serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron (1 mg/kg, s.c.) 4 and 8 h after SD markedly reduced BBB disruption and brain pathology after 12 to 24 h SD but not following 48 or 72 h after SD. However, TiO2-nanowired ondansetron (1 mg/kg, s.c) in an identical manner induced neuroprotection in rats following 48 or 72 h SD. However, plasma and serotonin levels were not affected by ondansetron treatment. Taken together, our observations are the first to show that (i) SD could induce BBB disruption and brain pathology, (ii) nanoparticles exacerbate SD-induced brain damage, and (iii) serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron is neuroprotective in SD that is further potentiated byTiO2-nanowired delivery, not reported earlier.
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Hüfner K, Kandler C, Koudouovoh-Tripp P, Egeter J, Hochstrasser T, Stemer B, Malik P, Giesinger J, Humpel C, Sperner-Unterweger B. Bioprofiling of platelets in medicated patients with depression. J Affect Disord 2015; 172:81-8. [PMID: 25451399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in platelet bioactivity and aggregation are of interest when studying patients with depression as this could help to explain the statistically observed association of depression and chronic somatic, especially cardiovascular disease. This link could potentially be mediated through serotonergic signaling or immunological changes. METHODS 38 medicated patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 30 mentally healthy controls, both without a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, were included in this naturalistic study. Demographic and psychometric data were obtained. Platelet aggregability was measured by PFA-100 and bioactive compounds and serotonin levels were quantified in platelet sonicate. RESULTS The comparison of patients with controls revealed no changes in platelet aggregability, but significant differences in platelet content of several bioactive compounds. In a second analysis, patients were grouped according to the receptors and transporters influenced by their medication and again compared to controls. A significant effect of MDD was found for platelet content of serotonin, CD40L, interleukin-1β, and platelet factor-4, independent of medication. These markers can thus be classified as sensitive to MDD. The effect of medication on platelet parameters was also evaluated. Platelet content of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and β-thromboglobulin was normalized in MDD patients by medication acting on the serotonin transporter. LIMITATIONS Owing to the naturalistic study design, patients were on a variety of different medications and combination therapies. This was accounted for by a novel analysis method. CONCLUSION Platelet serotonin levels and content of immunomodulatory compounds are significantly altered in patients with MDD, even if treatment effects are taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hüfner
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Christina Kandler
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Jonas Egeter
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tanja Hochstrasser
- Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer׳s Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Stemer
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Malik
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Giesinger
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Humpel
- Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer׳s Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Ozdener MH, Subramaniam S, Sundaresan S, Sery O, Hashimoto T, Asakawa Y, Besnard P, Abumrad NA, Khan NA. CD36- and GPR120-mediated Ca²⁺ signaling in human taste bud cells mediates differential responses to fatty acids and is altered in obese mice. Gastroenterology 2014; 146:995-1005. [PMID: 24412488 PMCID: PMC3979457 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is important to increase our understanding of gustatory detection of dietary fat and its contribution to fat preference. We studied the roles of the fat taste receptors CD36 and GPR120 and their interactions via Ca(2+) signaling in fungiform taste bud cells (TBC). METHODS We measured Ca(2+) signaling in human TBC, transfected with small interfering RNAs against messenger RNAs encoding CD36 and GPR120 (or control small interfering RNAs). We also studied Ca(2+) signaling in TBC from CD36(-/-) mice and from wild-type lean and obese mice. Additional studies were conducted with mouse enteroendocrine cell line STC-1 that express GPR120 and stably transfected with human CD36. We measured release of serotonin and glucagon-like peptide-1 from human and mice TBC in response to CD36 and GPR120 activation. RESULTS High concentrations of linoleic acid induced Ca(2+) signaling via CD36 and GPR120 in human and mice TBC, as well as in STC-1 cells, and low concentrations induced Ca(2+) signaling via only CD36. Incubation of human and mice fungiform TBC with lineoleic acid down-regulated CD36 and up-regulated GPR120 in membrane lipid rafts. Obese mice had decreased spontaneous preference for fat. Fungiform TBC from obese mice had reduced Ca(2+) and serotonin responses, but increased release of glucagon-like peptide-1, along with reduced levels of CD36 and increased levels of GPR120 in lipid rafts. CONCLUSIONS CD36 and GPR120 have nonoverlapping roles in TBC signaling during orogustatory perception of dietary lipids; these are differentially regulated by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sinju Sundaresan
- Center for Human Nutrition and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Omar Sery
- Academy of Science, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Toshihiro Hashimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Asakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | | | - Nada A. Abumrad
- Center for Human Nutrition and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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