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Dix C, McFadyen JD, Tran HA. Exploring the effects of Factor Xa inhibitors on thrombin generation in people with haemophilia. Thromb Res 2024; 237:148-153. [PMID: 38603817 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Optimal management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with haemophilia (PWH) is a growing issue, given the continuing improvement in life expectancy among PWH. The evolving treatment paradigms targeting higher trough levels and the advent of non-factor replacement therapies (NFRT) means much of the 'protection' PWH were thought to have against CVD may be lost. There is a paucity of evidence regarding the safety of using anticoagulants in PWH. We designed a study assessing the thrombin generation (TG) of PWH of different severities and treatments, compared to non-haemophilia patients receiving a Factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor (apixaban or rivaroxaban), healthy controls, and assessing TG parameters of adding FXa inhibitor to the plasma of PWH receiving emicizumab prophylaxis. In total, 40 patients were included. TG was initiated with 5pM tissue factor (TF) using the calibrated automated thrombinoscope. Compared to those with mild haemophilia, patients receiving a FXa inhibitor had higher endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) (1278.42 vs 1831.36) and velocity index (40.71 vs 112.56), but both had a similar peak height (154.0 vs 262.63) and time to peak (both 5.83). People with severe haemophilia receiving emicizumab had significantly improved TG parameters compared to those not receiving emicizumab - ETP 1678.11 vs 809.96 and peak height 233.8 vs 92.05; however, when FXa inhibitor was added their TG parameters deteriorated to the severe haemophilia range (ETP 1179.60 and peak height 103.05). TG may provide additional useful information regarding the use of anticoagulants in PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dix
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James D McFadyen
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huyen A Tran
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Lecchi A, Tosetti G, Ghali C, La Marca S, Clerici M, Padovan L, Femia EA, Primignani M, La Mura V, Lampertico P, Peyvandi F, Tripodi A. Comprehensive investigation of platelet function in patients with cirrhosis. Thromb Res 2024; 237:64-70. [PMID: 38552496 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Cirrhosis presents with thrombocytopenia and possibly thrombocytopathy. Previous studies exploring platelet function gave conflicting results and most controversies are explained by the variety of methods employed for investigation. We sought to assess in-vitro the overall platelet function in cirrhosis. We investigated 34 patients by using the following tests. (i)Aggregometry. (ii)Measurement of the content of platelet granules. (iii)Cytometric platelet activation. (iv)Plasmatic markers of in-vivo platelet activation. (v)Platelet procoagulant activity by thrombin generation (TG) in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). TG measured in PRP for patients and controls was similar. Platelets from patients with cirrhosis showed reduction of aggregation and secretion of ATP. Similar results were observed for platelet activation parameters such as P-selectin expression and PAC-1 platelet binding. Plasma levels of βeta-thromboglobulin and soluble P-selectin, were increased in patients-vs-controls. In contrast, there were no patients-vs-controls differences for plasmatic platelet-factor-4. Results are consistent with a state of in-vivo platelet activation and decreased in-vitro aggregation. Since bleeding events following invasive procedures are uncommon in cirrhosis, we speculate that in-vitro aggregometry testing does not reflect the situation occurring in-vivo. Results of the study and pathophysiological considerations support the conclusion that platelet function in cirrhosis as determined by aggregometry, although somewhat impaired, may support the overall hemostatic potential, which is needed for most invasive interventions. These conclusions are in line with the recommendations of international guidelines, warning against indiscriminate use of prophylactic preprocedural administration of platelets before invasive procedures. Decision on platelet support should not be made based on in-vitro laboratory testing for platelet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lecchi
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Tosetti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Ghali
- Division of General Medicine II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia La Marca
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Marigrazia Clerici
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Lidia Padovan
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Eti A Femia
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Primignani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo La Mura
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pietro Lampertico
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy; CRC "A. M. and A. Migliavacca" Center for Liver Disease, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Armando Tripodi
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy.
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Nakajima Y, Ogiwara K, Inaba K, Kitazawa T, Nogami K. Antithrombin exhibits anticoagulant effects on the emicizumab-based engineered bispecific antibody (NXT007)-mediated blood coagulation. Thromb Res 2024; 237:14-17. [PMID: 38531118 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Nakajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan; Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Ogiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Keito Inaba
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Keiji Nogami
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Pereira Portela C, Stirnimann G, Kröll D, Aliotta A, Veuthey L, Zermatten MG, Alberio L, Bertaggia Calderara D. Intrinsic coagulant potential modulates anticoagulant efficacy of rivaroxaban. Thromb Res 2024; 237:34-36. [PMID: 38547692 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Pereira Portela
- Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guido Stirnimann
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dino Kröll
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Aliotta
- Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Veuthey
- Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime G Zermatten
- Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Alberio
- Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Debora Bertaggia Calderara
- Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Pitkänen HH, Haapio M, Saarela M, Taskinen MR, Brinkman HJ, Lassila R. Impact of therapeutic plasma exchange on intact protein S, apolipoproteins, and thrombin generation. Transfus Apher Sci 2024:103918. [PMID: 38555232 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2024.103918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), with solvent/detergent (S/D)-treated plasma as replacement fluid, is an extracorporeal blood purification technique with major impact on both coagulation and lipids. Our previous in vitro study showed that S/D-plasma enhances thrombin generation by lowering intact protein S (PS) levels. AIMS To evaluate the impact of altered lipid balance on coagulation phenotype during heparin-anticoagulated TPE with S/D-plasma, and to investigate whether the lowered intact PS levels with concomitant procoagulant phenotype, are recapitulated in vivo. METHODS Coagulation biomarkers, thrombin generation with Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT), and lipid levels were measured before and after the consecutive 1st, 3rd and 5th episodes of TPE performed to six patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome or myasthenia gravis. The effects of in vitro dilution of S/D-plasma on thrombin generation were explored with CAT to mimic TPE. RESULTS Patients did not have coagulation disorders, except elevated FVIII. Intact PS, lipoproteins, especially LDL, Apolipoprotein CIII (ApoC3) and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio declined (p < 0.05). In contrast, VLDL and triglyceride levels stayed intact. CAT lag time shortened (p < 0.05). In vitro dilution of S/D plasma with co-transfused Ringer's lactate and 4% albumin partially reduced its procoagulant phenotype in CAT, which is mainly seen as peak thrombin, and modestly shortened lag time. CONCLUSIONS After the five settings of TPE using S/D-plasma in vivo, which associated with heparinization and reduced coagulation factor activities, our observations of declining natural anticoagulant intact PS and apolipoproteins refer to rebalance of the hemostatic and lipid profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna H Pitkänen
- Helsinki University, Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Hematology, Coagulation Disorders Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, and Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mikko Haapio
- Division of Nephrology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Saarela
- Department of Neurology, Brain center, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, Helsinki, Finland, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja-Riitta Taskinen
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Herm-Jan Brinkman
- Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riitta Lassila
- Department of Hematology, Coagulation Disorders Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, and Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Stępień K, Ząbczyk M, Kopytek M, Natorska J, Zalewski J, Undas A. Reduced fibrin clot permeability on admission and elevated E-selectin at 3 months as novel risk factors of residual pulmonary vascular obstruction in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2024; 57:248-259. [PMID: 37932588 PMCID: PMC10869393 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residual pulmonary vascular obstruction (RPVO) is common following pulmonary embolism (PE) but its association with fibrin clot properties is poorly understood. We investigated whether prothrombotic state and hypofibrinolysis markers can identify patients with RPVO. METHODS In 79 normotensive noncancer patients (aged 56 ± 13.3 years) with acute PE, we determined fibrin clot permeability (Ks), clot lysis time (CLT), endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), fibrinolysis proteins, oxidative stress markers, and E-selectin on admission before initiation of anticoagulant therapy, after 5-7 days, and 3 months of anticoagulation. RPVO was diagnosed using computed tomography angiography 3-6 months since PE. RESULTS Patients with RPVO (n = 23, 29.1%) had at baseline higher simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) (P = 0.004), higher N-terminal brain natriuretic propeptide (P = 0.006) and higher D-dimer (P = 0.044). Patients with versus without RPVO had lower Ks (P < 0.001) and longer CLT (P < 0.05), both at baseline and 5-7 days since admission, but not at 3 months. Patients with RPVO showed 40.6% higher E-selectin (P < 0.001) solely at 3 months. By multivariable logistic regression, baseline Ks (odds ratio [OR] 0.010, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001-0.837, P = 0.042, per 10- 9 cm2), baseline D-dimer (OR 1.105, 95% CI 1.000-1.221, P = 0.049, per 100 ng/ml), and E-selectin levels after 3 months (OR 3.874, 95% CI 1.239-12.116, P = 0.020, per 1 ng/ml) were associated with RPVO. CONCLUSIONS RPVO patients despite anticoagulation characterize with the formation of denser fibrin clots on admission and higher E-selectin at 3 months. Those parameters could be the potential novel RPVO risk factors that warrant further evaluation in an independent cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Stępień
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Ząbczyk
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kopytek
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Natorska
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Zalewski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.
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Ninivaggi M, Swieringa F, Middelveld H, Schmalschläger V, Roest M, de Laat-Kremers R, de Laat B. Exercise and hypoxia-induced hypercoagulability is counterbalanced in women in part by decreased platelet reactivity. Thromb Res 2024; 234:142-150. [PMID: 38241764 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia plays an important role in several pathologies, e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and is linked to an increased thrombosis risk. Furthermore, oxygen deprivation is associated with hypercoagulability. In this study, we investigated the effect of gender and exercise on the coagulation potential under hypoxic conditions at high altitude by assessing thrombin generation (TG) and platelet activation. Hereto, ten healthy volunteers were included (50 % male, median age of 27.5 years). The measurements were conducted first at sea level and then twice at high altitude (3883 m), first after a passive ascent by cable car and second after an active ascent by a mountain hike. As expected, both the passive and active ascent resulted in a decreased oxygen saturation and an increased heart rate at high altitude. Acute mountain sickness symptoms were observed independently of the ascent method. After the active ascent, platelet, white blood cell and granulocyte count were increased, and lymphocytes were decreased, without a gender-related difference. FVIII and von Willebrand factor were significantly increased after the active ascent for both men and women. Platelet activation was reduced and delayed under hypobaric conditions, especially in women. TG analysis showed a prothrombotic trend at high altitude, especially after the active ascent. Women had a hypercoagulable phenotype, compared to men at all 3 timepoints, indicated by a higher peak height and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), and shorter lag time and time-to-peak. In addition, ETP and peak inhibition by thrombomodulin was lower in women after the active ascent, compared to men. Interestingly, data normalisation for subject baseline values indicated an opposing effect of altitude-induced hypoxia on α2-macroglobulin levels and TG lag time between men and women, decreasing in men and increasing in women. We conclude that hypoxia increases TG, as well as FVIII and VWF levels in combination with exercise. In contrast, platelets lose their responsiveness at high altitude, which is most pronounced after heavy exercise. Women had a more pronounced prothrombotic phenotype compared to men, which we theorize is counterbalanced under hypobaric conditions by decreased platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ninivaggi
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - F Swieringa
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - H Middelveld
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - V Schmalschläger
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M Roest
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R de Laat-Kremers
- Department of Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - B de Laat
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Nakagawa T, Ogiwara K, Tonegawa H, Takahashi Y, Nishikubo T, Nogami K. Anticoagulant effects of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin levels on the protein C pathway in young children. Int J Hematol 2024; 119:196-204. [PMID: 38228939 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The protein C (PC) pathway involves physiological anticoagulant factors (PC, protein S [PS], and factor V) and performs major anticoagulant functions in adults. Variations in overall PC pathway function due to dynamic changes in PC and PS in early childhood are poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the contributions of PC pathway function during early childhood by measuring changes in plasma thrombin generation (TG) after administration of the PC activator protac. We evaluated correlations between anticoagulant factors and percentage of protac-induced coagulation inhibition (PiCi%). Before protac addition, TG in newborns (n = 35), infants (n = 42), young children (n = 35), and adults (n = 20) were 525 ± 74, 720 ± 96, 785 ± 53, and 802 ± 64 mOD/min, and PiCi% were 42.1 ± 9.9, 69.8 ± 11.0, 82.9 ± 4.4, and 86.9 ± 3.4%, respectively. The distribution of PiCi% on the two axes of TG (with or without protac) changed continuously with age and differed from that of warfarin-treated plasma and adult PC- or PS-deficient plasma. PiCi% increased dynamically during infancy and correlated with PS levels in newborns and PC levels in young children. Addition of PC or fresh frozen plasma equivalent to approximately 25% PC to PC-deficient plasma improved PiCi%. This automatic measurement requires only a small sample volume and is useful for analysis of developmental hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
- Division of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medical Center, Nara Medical University Hospital, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ogiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Tonegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
- Division of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medical Center, Nara Medical University Hospital, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Takahashi
- Division of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medical Center, Nara Medical University Hospital, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nishikubo
- Division of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medical Center, Nara Medical University Hospital, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Keiji Nogami
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
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Gonçalves Resende Ferreira L, Maria Barreto S, Bicalho Maluf C, Luiz Pinho Ribeiro A, das Graças Carvalho M, Carvalho Figueiredo R, Romana Alves Rios D. Thrombin generation and all-cause mortality in The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Clin Chim Acta 2024; 553:117712. [PMID: 38103851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thrombin generation assay (TGA) is a laboratory method that provides the global evaluation of hemostasis. The association between thrombin generation and all-cause mortality is poorly investigated and results are contradictory. This study evaluated whether TGA parameters are associated with all-cause mortality in a prospective cohort. METHODS This study was conducted in 2,588 participants enrolled at baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). TGA was performed using the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) method, and its parameters lagtime, time-to-peak, peak, Endogenous Thrombin Potential (ETP) and normalized ETP (nETP) were evaluated according to the reference interval (RI). The association between TGA parameters and all-cause mortality was estimated by Cox regression and adjusted for confounders. RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 6.6 ± 2.7 years and 85 deaths occurred. After adjustment, time-to-peak values above the RI at low and high tissue factor (TF) concentrations were associated with higher risk of death [HR = 2.45 (95 % CI: 1.17-5.13) and HR = 2.24 (95 % CI: 1.02-4.93), respectively] and nETP and peak values below RI at high TF concentration were associated with higher risk of death [HR = 3.85 (95 % CI: 1.39-10.68) and HR = 2.56 (95 % CI: 1.17-5.61), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS Delayed thrombin generation was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Chams Bicalho Maluf
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, and Telehealth Center and Cardiology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Carvalho
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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10
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Tarandovskiy ID, Ovanesov MV. The effect of factor XIa on thrombin and plasmin generation, clot formation, lysis and density in coagulation factors deficiencies. Thromb Res 2024; 233:189-199. [PMID: 38101192 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing evidence supports the importance of factor (F) XI activation for thrombosis and hemostasis as well as inflammation and complement systems. In this study, we evaluated the effect of activated FXI (FXIa) on the detection of factor deficiencies by global hemostasis assays of thrombin generation (TG), plasmin generation (PG), and clot formation and lysis (CFL). MATERIALS AND METHODS An absorbance and fluorescence microplate assay was used to simultaneously observe TG, PG, and CFL in FV-, FVII-, FVIII-, and FIX-deficient plasmas supplemented with purified factors. Coagulation was initiated with tissue factor with or without FXIa in the presence of tissue plasminogen activator. Thrombin and plasmin peak heights (TPH and PPH), maximal clot density (MCD), times to clotting (CT), thrombin and plasmin peaks (TPT and PPT) and clot lysis (LyT) and a new parameter, clot lifetime (LiT), were evaluated. RESULTS TG/CFL were elevated by the FXIa at low FV (below 0.1 IU/mL), and at FVIII and FIX above 0.01 IU/mL. FXIa affected PG only at low FV and FVII. At high factor concentrations, FXIa reduced MCD. Thrombin and plasmin substrates had effect on CT, LyT, LiT and MCD parameters. CONCLUSIONS FXIa reveals new relationships between TG, PG and CFL parameters in factor deficiencies suggesting potential benefits for discrimination of bleeding phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan D Tarandovskiy
- Center of Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, United States of America
| | - Mikhail V Ovanesov
- Center of Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, United States of America.
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11
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Falcione S, Spronk E, Munsterman D, Joy T, Boghozian R, Jickling GC. Sex Differences in Thrombin Generation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01200-1. [PMID: 37987986 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in stroke exist, including variation in stroke risk and outcome. Differences in thrombin generation may contribute to this variation between females and males. To examine this, we assessed sex differences in thrombin generation between females and males with acute ischemic stroke and the relationship to blood cell gene expression. In 97 patients with acute ischemic stroke, thrombin generation was measured by thrombin generation assay. Blood cell gene expression was measured by microarray. Differences in thrombin generation between sexes were identified and the relationship to blood cell gene expression examined. Genes associated with sex differences in thrombin generation were analyzed by functional pathway analysis. Females and males had similar overall capacity to generate thrombin. The peak thrombin generated in females was 468.8 nM (SD 91.6), comparable to males (479.3nM;SD 90.8; p = 0.58). Lag time, time to peak thrombin, and endogenous thrombin potential were also similar between females and males. While overall thrombin generation was comparable between females and males with stroke, differences in genes that promote this thrombin generation exist. Females with high peak thrombin had an increase in genes that promote thrombosis, and platelet activation. In contrast, males with high peak thrombin had a decrease in genes involved in thrombus degradation. Females and males with acute ischemic stroke have similar capacity to generate thrombin, however, differences may exist in how this thrombin generation is achieved, with females having increased thrombin signaling, and platelet activation, and males having decreased thrombus degradation. This suggests regulatory differences in thrombosis may exist between females and males that may contribute to sex differences in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Falcione
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, 11315 87th Ave NW, Edmonton, T6G 2H5, Canada.
| | - Elena Spronk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, 11315 87th Ave NW, Edmonton, T6G 2H5, Canada
| | - Danielle Munsterman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, 11315 87th Ave NW, Edmonton, T6G 2H5, Canada
| | - Twinkle Joy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, 11315 87th Ave NW, Edmonton, T6G 2H5, Canada
| | - Roobina Boghozian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, 11315 87th Ave NW, Edmonton, T6G 2H5, Canada
| | - Glen C Jickling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, 11315 87th Ave NW, Edmonton, T6G 2H5, Canada
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12
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Balandina AN, Koltsova EM, Shibeko AM, Kuprash AD, Budkova VA, Demina IA, Ignatova AA, Fadeeva OA, Vijay R, Nair SC, Srivastava A, Shi Q, Ataullakhanov FI, Panteleev MA. Platelets provide robustness of spatial blood coagulation to the variation of initial conditions. Thromb Res 2023; 230:133-143. [PMID: 37717370 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Activated platelets provide phospholipid surface and secrete coagulation factors, enhancing blood clotting. We investigated the role of platelets in the regulation of blood coagulation spatial dynamics. We activated blood clotting with tissue factor-bearing (TF) surface in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or platelet-free plasma (PFP). When blood coagulation was initiated by high TF density, clot growth rate (V) in PRP (2 × 105/μL platelets) was only 15 % greater than in PFP. Spatial distribution of thrombin in PRP had a peak-like shape in the area of the fibrin clot edge, while in PFP thrombin was distributed in the shape of descending plateau. Platelet inhibition with prostaglandin E1 or cytochalasin D made spatial thrombin distribution look like in the case of PFP. Inhibition of blood coagulation by natural endogenous inhibitor heparin was diminished in PRP, while the effect of the exogenous or artificial inhibitors (rivaroxaban, nitrophorin, hirudin) remained undisturbed in the presence of platelets. Ten times decrease of the TF surface density greatly depressed blood coagulation in PFP. In PRP only clotting initiation phase was, while the propagation phase remained intact. Coagulation factor deficiency greatly reduced amount of thrombin and decreased V in PFP rather than in PPR. Thus, platelets were redundant for clotting in normal plasma under physiological conditions but provided robustness of the coagulation system to the changes in initial conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N Balandina
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russia; Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117198, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina M Koltsova
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russia; Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Alexey M Shibeko
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russia; Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Anna D Kuprash
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russia; Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Valentina A Budkova
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russia
| | - Irina A Demina
- Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiang Shi
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230052, Anhui, China
| | - Fazoil I Ataullakhanov
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russia; Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117198, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russia; Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117198, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
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Barocas A, Savard P, Carlo A, Lecompte T, de Maistre E. How to assess hypercoagulability in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia? Biomarkers of potential value to support therapeutic intensity of non-heparin anticoagulation. Thromb J 2023; 21:100. [PMID: 37726772 PMCID: PMC10508023 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), the switch to a non-heparin anticoagulant is mandatory, at a therapeutic dose. Such a treatment has limitations though, especially for patients with renal and/or hepatic failure. Candidate laboratory tests could detect the more coagulable HIT patients, for whom therapeutic anticoagulation would be the more justified. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a monocentre observational prospective study in which 111 patients with suspected HIT were included. Nineteen were diagnosed with HIT (ELISA and platelet activation assay), among whom 10 were classified as HITT + when a thrombotic event was present at diagnosis or during the first following week. Two plasma prethrombotic biomarkers of in vivo activation of the haemostasis system, procoagulant phospholipids (ProcoagPPL) associated with extracellular vesicles and fibrin monomers (FM test), as well as in vitro thrombin potential (ST Genesia; low picomolar tissue factor) after heparin neutralization (heparinase), were studied. The results were primarily compared between HITT + and HITT- patients. RESULTS Those HIT + patients with thrombotic events in acute phase or shortly after (referred as HITT+) had a more coagulable phenotype than HIT + patients without thrombotic events since: (i) clotting times related to plasma procoagulant phospholipids tended to be shorter; (ii) fibrin monomers levels were statistically significantly higher (p = 0.0483); (iii) thrombin potential values were statistically significantly higher (p = 0.0404). Of note, among all patients suspected of suffering from HIT, we did not evidence a hypercoagulable phenotype in patients diagnosed with HIT compared to patients for whom the diagnosis of HIT was ruled out. CONCLUSION The three tests could help identify those HIT patients the most prone to thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas Lecompte
- Haemostasis Unit, CHU, Dijon, France
- Vascular Medicine Division, CHU, Nancy, France
- Medicine Faculty of Nancy, Lorraine University, Lorraine, France
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14
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Touw CE, Nemeth B, van Adrichem RA, van Hylckama Vlieg A, Nelissen RGHH, Lisman T, Cannegieter SC. Enhanced in vivo and ex vivo thrombin generation after lower-leg trauma, but not after knee arthroscopy. Thromb J 2023; 21:49. [PMID: 37106465 PMCID: PMC10139833 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is room for improvement of prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after lower-leg cast application or knee arthroscopy. Information about the mechanism of clot formation in these patients may be useful to identify new prophylaxis targets. We aimed to study the effect of 1) lower-leg injury and 2) knee arthroscopy on thrombin generation. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using plasma samples of POT-(K)CAST trials to measure ex vivo thrombin generation (Calibrated Automated Thrombography [CAT]) and plasma levels of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), thrombin-antithrombin (TAT), fibrinopeptide A (FPA). Plasma was obtained shortly after lower-leg trauma or before and after (< 4 h) knee arthroscopy. Participants were randomly selected from those who did not develop VTE. For aim 1, samples of 88 patients with lower-leg injury were compared with 89 control samples (i.e., preoperative samples of arthroscopy patients). Linear regression was used to obtain mean differences (or ratios if ln-retransformed because of skewedness) adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities. For aim 2, pre- and postoperative samples of 85 arthroscopy patients were compared, for which mean changes were obtained. RESULTS In patients with lower-leg injury (aim 1), endogenous thrombin potential, thrombin peak, velocity index, FPA and TAT were increased as compared with controls. In arthroscopy patients (aim 2), pre- and postoperative levels were similar for all parameters. CONCLUSION Lower-leg trauma increases thrombin generation both ex vivo and in vivo, in contrast to knee arthroscopy. This may imply that the pathogenesis of VTE is different in both situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E Touw
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Banne Nemeth
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond A van Adrichem
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid van Hylckama Vlieg
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob G H H Nelissen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ton Lisman
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research Laboratory, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne C Cannegieter
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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15
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Stępień K, Siudut J, Konieczyńska M, Nowak K, Zalewski J, Undas A. Effect of high-dose statin therapy on coagulation factors: Lowering of factor XI as a modifier of fibrin clot properties in coronary artery disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 149:107153. [PMID: 36774992 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple pleiotropic effects of statins include antithrombotic properties with formation of looser fibrin networks more susceptible to lysis. Recently, rosuvastatin 20 mg/d has been reported to decrease coagulation factors (F) VII, FVIII and FXI in venous thrombosis patients. OBJECTIVES We investigated how high-dose statin therapy recommended in coronary artery disease (CAD) alters plasma levels of coagulation factors and if such changes might affect fibrin clot properties. METHODS We studied 130 advanced CAD patients, who initially did not achieve the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Before high-dose statin therapy (rosuvastatin 40 mg/d or atorvastatin 80 mg/d) and 6-12 months after its initiation, FII, FV, FVII, FVIII, FIX, FX, FXI and fibrinogen were assessed. We evaluated the impact of statin-induced alterations to the factors on plasma fibrin clot permeability (Ks) reflecting a fibrin pore size, and clot lysis time (CLT) reflecting fibrinolytic potential. RESULTS At baseline LDL-C (median 3.2, interquartile range 2.7-3.7 mmol/L) was independently associated solely with FXI (β = 0.58, P < 0.001). Median LDL-C reduction by 25% (P < 0.001) on high-dose statin treatment was accompanied by lowering of FVII, FVIII, and FXI (for all P < 0.001). On high-dose statin treatment, Ks (R = 0.65, P < 0.001) inversely associated with CRP (β = -0.41, P < 0.001), LDL-C (β = -0.26, P = 0.001), and FXI (β = -0.18, P = 0.016). In turn, CLT (R = 0.45, P < 0.001) was positively associated with LDL-C (β = 0.19, P = 0.043) and FXI (β = 0.17, P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS High-dose statin therapy in CAD patients decreases FVII, FVIII, and FXI. The statin-induced reduction in FXI may contribute to less prothrombotic fibrin clot phenotype, indicating additional antithrombotic effect of high-dose statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Stępień
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jakub Siudut
- Krakow Center for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Konieczyńska
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; Department of Diagnostic Medicine, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Karol Nowak
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Zalewski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; Krakow Center for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80 Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland.
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16
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Wójcik K, Bazan-Socha S, Celejewska-Wójcik N, Górka K, Lichołai S, Polok K, Stachura T, Zaręba L, Dziedzic R, Gradzikiewicz A, Sanak M, Musiał J, Sładek K, Iwaniec T. Decreased protein C activity, lower ADAMTS13 antigen and free protein S levels accompanied by unchanged thrombin generation potential in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Thromb Res 2023; 223:80-86. [PMID: 36709678 PMCID: PMC9872442 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is associated with an increased thromboembolic risk. However, the mechanisms triggering clot formation in those patients remain unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 118 adult Caucasian severe but non-critically ill COVID-19 patients (median age 58 years; 73 % men) and 46 controls, we analyzed in vitro plasma thrombin generation profile (calibrated automated thrombogram [CAT assay]) and investigated thrombophilia-related factors, such as protein C and antithrombin activity, free protein S level, presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and factor V Leiden R506Q and prothrombin G20210A mutations. We also measured circulating von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) antigen and activity. In patients, blood samples were collected on admission to the hospital before starting any therapy, including heparin. Finally, we examined the relationship between observed alterations and disease follow-up, such as thromboembolic complications. RESULTS COVID-19 patients showed 17 % lower protein C activity, 22 % decreased free protein S levels, and a higher prevalence of positive results for IgM anticardiolipin antibodies. They also had 151 % increased vWF, and 27 % decreased ADAMTS13 antigens compared with controls (p < 0.001, all). On the contrary, thrombin generation potential was similar to controls. In the follow-up, pulmonary embolism (PE) occurred in thirteen (11 %) patients. They were characterized by a 55 % elevated D-dimer (p = 0.04) and 2.7-fold higher troponin I (p = 0.002) during hospitalization and 29 % shorter time to thrombin peak in CAT assay (p = 0.009) compared to patients without PE. CONCLUSIONS In COVID-19, we documented prothrombotic abnormalities of peripheral blood. PE was characterized by more dynamic thrombin generation growth in CAT assay performed on admittance to the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Wójcik
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Stanisława Bazan-Socha
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Natalia Celejewska-Wójcik
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Górka
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sabina Lichołai
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Polok
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stachura
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lech Zaręba
- University of Rzeszow, College of Natural Sciences, Interdisciplinary Center for Computational Modelling, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Radosław Dziedzic
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Students' Scientific Group of Immune Diseases and Hypercoagulation, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; Jagiellonian University Medical College, Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ada Gradzikiewicz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Students' Scientific Group of Immune Diseases and Hypercoagulation, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Musiał
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sładek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Iwaniec
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Haematology, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
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Ghansah H, Debreceni IB, Váróczy L, Rejtő L, Lóczi L, Bagoly Z, Kappelmayer J. Patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance have variably increased thrombin generation and different sensitivity to the anticoagulant effect of activated protein C. Thromb Res 2023; 223:44-52. [PMID: 36708689 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are at high risk of thrombosis especially when receiving immunomodulatory therapy. Thrombotic risk in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) may also be increased. Although activated protein C (APC) resistance has been linked to an increased risk of thrombosis in MM, little is known about how APC influences thrombotic risk in MGUS. We compared thrombin generation (TG) in MM and MGUS patients to that of healthy controls (HCs) and investigated the exogenous effect of APC on TG in these groups. METHODS Hemostasis tests including factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels were measured in platelet-poor plasma in 14 untreated MM patients, 34 MGUS patients, and 30 age and sex-matched HCs. TG assay was performed with or without the addition of APC. RESULTS Peak thrombin and velocity index were significantly higher in MM and MGUS patients compared to HCs, while MM patients also had elevated endogenous thrombin potential (ETP). In MGUS cases, ETP and peak thrombin values significantly correlated with FVIII and vWF levels. In the presence of APC, peak thrombin and ETP were reduced in MGUS and control plasmas whereas lagtime and time to peak were significantly prolonged. In contrast, adding APC to MM plasma had no effect on any TG parameters. CONCLUSIONS Hypercoagulability was observed in MM and even in MGUS cases with very low monoclonal protein concentration. In MM patients, APC had no effect on TG, but it attenuated TG in MGUS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Ghansah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Beke Debreceni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Váróczy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Rejtő
- Department of Hematology, Jósa András Teaching Hospital, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Linda Lóczi
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Bagoly
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Kappelmayer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Gris JC, Guillotin F, Dos Santos TP, Chéa M, Loubet P, Laureillard D, Sotto A, Muller L, Barbar SD, Roger C, Lefrant JY, Jung B, Klouche K, Mura T, Quéré I, Perez-Martin A. Prognostic value of an automated thrombin generation assay in COVID-19 patients entering hospital: A multicentric, prospective observational study. Thromb Res 2023; 222:85-95. [PMID: 36608393 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prognostic significance of the thrombin generation assay (TGA) with a thrombomodulin (TM) challenge in patients entering hospital with severe COVID-19 is uncertain. METHODS We prospectively evaluated an automated TGA (aTGA) using the ST-ThromboScreen® assay and ST-Genesia® analyser in 179 patients with severe COVID-19 during their admission to 2 university hospitals. The primary outcome was early survival at Day 28 (D28). Secondary outcomes were late survival at Day 90 (D90), later transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU), and occurrence of any thrombotic complications during hospitalisation. RESULTS Among the 174 patients, 50 were initially admitted to ICUs. Forty-two were transferred to ICUs before D28. Fourteen patients, all in ICUs, died before D28, and 20 before D90, all but 1 in ICUs. None of the aTGA-derived results were associated with vital status either at D28 or D90. Nine patients had a thrombotic event with no association with the aTGA results. Later transfer to the ICU was associated with higher velocity index, thrombin peak height and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) values of the aTGA performed with TM, and mainly with a lower TM-induced decrease in ETP (odds ratio 15.5 (2.15-132), p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS aTGA, a global assay supposed to evidence coagulopathy, could predict neither early or late survival, nor thrombotic events, in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Its clinical justification in that setting is thus unlikely. A relative resistance of the ETP to TM was associated with later transfer to the ICU and deserves further investigation.
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Velasco-Rodríguez D, Martínez-Alfonzo I, Velasco-Valdazo AE, Revilla N, Mahíllo-Fernández I, Askari E, Castro-Quismondo N, Laso RV, Domingo-González A, Serrano-López J, Prieto E, Rosado B, Blanchard MJ, Martín-Herrero S, García-Raso A, Bueno MÁ, de la Plaza R, Peñaherrera M, López IG, López-Jiménez J, Martínez-López J, Llamas-Sillero P. Enhanced thrombin generation detected with ST-Genesia analyzer in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023. [PMID: 36630029 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The issue of how to identify newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients requiring thromboprophylaxis remains unsolved. Several changes in thrombin generation (TG)-derived parameters have been described in multiple myeloma (MM) patients recently. Assessment of prothrombotic risk with a fully automated TG analyzer could reduce interlaboratory variability. Our objective was to determine whether ST-Genesia® could reveal a hypercoagulable state in NDMM compared to healthy controls. We conducted a multicenter observational study of NDMM requiring initial treatment to compare TG parameters obtained with ST-Genesia® analyzer and ST-ThromboScreen® reagent with a control group. Clinical data were obtained from medical records and blood samples were collected before initial anti-myeloma therapy. A thrombophilia panel was performed in all patients. Compared to age- and sex-matched controls (n = 83), NDMM patients (n = 83) had significantly higher peak height, higher velocity index, shorter time-to-peak and lower percentage of endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) inhibition after adding thrombomodulin (TM) (ETP%inh). NDMM on prophylactic low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) showed reduced both peak height and velocity index compared to NDMM who had not yet started VTE prophylaxis, similar to that of controls. Moreover, partial correction of ETP%inh was observed in MM patients on LMWH. The presence of a thrombophilia did not modify the TG phenotype. Untreated NDMM patients showed an enhanced TG, regardless of their thrombophilia status. They generate a higher peak of thrombin, take less time to produce it, and exhibit resistance to TM inhibition. Our findings suggest that standard prophylactic dose of LMWH may reduce TG at levels of healthy controls.
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20
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Douxfils J, Bouvy C, Morimont L. Evaluation of Activated Protein C Resistance Using Thrombin Generation Test. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2663:211-224. [PMID: 37204712 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3175-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Activated protein C (APC) resistance (APCR) has been identified as a risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). A mutation at the level of factor (F) V has at first permitted the description of this phenotypic pattern and corresponded to a transition (guanine to adenine) at nucleotide 1691 in the gene coding for factor V, resulting in the replacement of arginine at position 506 by a glutamine. This confers to this mutated FV a resistance toward the proteolytic action of the complex formed by activated protein C with protein S. However, many other factors also lead to APCR, such as other F5 mutations (e.g., FV Hong Kong and FV Cambridge), protein S deficiency, elevated factor VIII, exogenous hormone use, pregnancy, and postpartum. All these conditions lead to the phenotypic expression of APCR and are associated with an increased risk of VTE. Considering the large population affected, the proper detection of this phenotype is a public health challenge. Currently, two types of tests are available: clotting time-based assays and their multiple variants and a thrombin generation-based assays and the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP)-based APCR assay. As APCR was thought to be uniquely related to the FV Leiden mutation, clotting time-based assays were specifically designed to detect this inherited condition. Nevertheless, other APCR conditions have been reported but were not captured by these clotting methods. Thus, the ETP-based APCR assay has been proposed as a global coagulation test able to these multiple APCR conditions, as it provides much more information, which makes it a potential candidate for screening coagulopathic conditions before therapeutic interventions. This chapter will describe the current method used for the realization of the ETP-based APC resistance assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Douxfils
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Namur, Faculty of Medicine, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Clinical Pharmacology Research Group, Namur, Belgium.
- Department of Research and Development, QUALIblood s.a., Namur, Belgium.
| | - Céline Bouvy
- Department of Research and Development, QUALIblood s.a., Namur, Belgium
| | - Laure Morimont
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Namur, Faculty of Medicine, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Clinical Pharmacology Research Group, Namur, Belgium
- Department of Research and Development, QUALIblood s.a., Namur, Belgium
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21
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de Freitas Saito R, Barion BG, da Rocha TRF, Rolband A, Afonin KA, Chammas R. Anticoagulant Activity of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles (NANPs) Assessed by Thrombin Generation Dynamics on a Fully Automated System. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2709:319-332. [PMID: 37572292 PMCID: PMC10482313 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3417-2_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly reversible anticoagulant agents have great clinical potential. Oligonucleotide-based anticoagulant agents are uniquely positioned to fill this clinical niche, as they are able to be deactivated through the introduction of the reverse complement oligo. Once the therapeutic and the antidote oligos meet in solution, they are able to undergo isothermal reassociation to form short, inactive, duplexes that are rapidly secreted via filtration by the kidneys. The formation of the duplexes interrupts the structure of the anticoagulant oligo, allowing normal coagulation to be restored. To effectively assess these new anticoagulants, a variety of methods may be employed. The measurement of thrombin generation (TG) reflects the overall capacity of plasma to produce active thrombin and provides a strong contribution to identifying new anticoagulant drugs, including DNA/RNA thrombin binding aptamer carrying fibers which are used through this chapter as an example. Here we describe the TG assessed by Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) assay in a fully automated system. This method is based on the detection of TG in plasma samples by measuring fluorescent signals released from a quenched fluorogenic thrombin substrate and the subsequent conversion of these signals in TG curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de Freitas Saito
- Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bárbara Gomes Barion
- Laboratório de Hemostasia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tania Rubia Flores da Rocha
- Laboratório de Hemostasia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alex Rolband
- University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | - Roger Chammas
- Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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22
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Skorek P, Skubera M, Natorska J, Ząbczyk M, Trojnarska O, Pająk J, Mazurek-Kula A, Bartczak-Rutkowska A, Podolec P, Tomkiewicz-Pająk L. Dissimilarity in coagulation system in adults after Fontan surgery based on thrombin generations. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 63:6887143. [PMID: 36495203 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezac550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Fontan procedure is the treatment of choice in congenital cardiac malformations defined as the single ventricle. Fontan patients are at high risk of thromboembolism, but the exact mechanism of this is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate an involvement of thrombin generations and microparticles (MPs) in prothrombotic state in adults with Fontan circulation. METHODS This study included hospitalized patients after Fontan procedure and healthy volunteers. We assessed laboratory tests including thrombin generation by calibrated automated thrombography in three variants [platelet-poor plasma (impact of coagulation factors), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (influence of platelets) and related with MPs]. The technique allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the coagulation system. RESULTS The study groups consisted of 81 adult Fontan patients [41 females (50.6%); median age 22 interquartile range [20-27] years] and 54 control subjects. In patients with Fontan circulation, higher values of endogenous thrombin potential and peak values were observed for both platelet-poor plasma (+17% and +33%) and MPs (+29% and 41%) compared to controls (all P < 0.05). Moreover, in the Fontan group, we found a 64.9% shorter lag time and a 70.4% time to peak for MP variant (both P < 0.001). Contrarily, analysis in the PRP showed 17.1% of reduced endogenous thrombin potential in Fontan. Furthermore, there were no differences in thrombin synthesis in PRP in Fontan patients receiving aspirin or those with thrombocytopaenia (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study for the first time showed that thrombin generation associated with MPs may be an important contributor to the prothrombotic state in the Fontan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Skorek
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.,Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Skubera
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.,Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Natorska
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.,Center for Research and Innovative Technology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Ząbczyk
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.,Center for Research and Innovative Technology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Trojnarska
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Pająk
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Mazurek-Kula
- Department of Cardiology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Podolec
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.,Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lidia Tomkiewicz-Pająk
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.,Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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23
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Piróg M, Kacalska-Janssen O, Jach R, Wyroba J, Chrostowski B, Ząbczyk M, Natorska J. GnRH Antagonist Protocol Enhances Coagulation During Controlled Ovarian Stimulation for IVF. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:3521-31. [PMID: 35821349 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis have been reported in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) supporting a potential hypercoagulable condition related to this treatment. This study aimed at evaluating the changes in fibrin clot properties and thrombin generation induced by two different COH protocols: long with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) and GnRH antagonist (GnRH-ant). Primary outcomes included determination of plasma fibrin clot properties, including clot permeability (Ks) and efficiency of fibrinolysis using clot lysis time (CLT), along with thrombin generation (prothrombin fragments 1 + 2) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) and fibrinolysis inhibitor levels. One hundred twenty-nine infertile women were included in the final analysis. The GnRH-ant protocol resulted in increased ETP (+ 9.8%) and reduced Ks (- 2.4%). Conversely, COH with the GnRH-a protocol reduced thrombin generation by decreasing both ETP (- 6.6%) and F1 + 2 (- 30.8%) together with favorably altered fibrin clot properties represented by increased Ks (+ 21.7%) and reduced CLT (- 13.8%) as well as decreased PAI-1 levels (by 2.5 times). The GnRH-ant compared to the GnRH-a protocol increased PAI-1 levels (+ 77.3%), thrombin generation (9.3% higher ETP), and Ks (+ 13.7%). In the GnRH-a group, post-COH Ks was 14.3% higher (Ks ≥ 7.92 × 10-9 cm2) in women with positive vs. negative pregnancy outcomes. Our results show that the GnRH-ant protocol enhanced thrombin generation and slightly decreased fibrin clot density. COH with the GnRH-a reduced thrombin generation and improved fibrin clot features. This trial was registered (NCT04166825). Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT04166825.
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24
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Kuszmiersz P, Siwiec-Koźlik A, Pacholczak-Madej R, Rams A, Celińska-Lowenhoff M, Iwaniec T, Kosałka-Węgiel J, Zaręba L, Dziedzic R, Bazan-Socha S, Dropiński J. Thrombin generation potential is increased in patients with autoimmune inflammatory myopathies. Adv Med Sci 2022; 67:346-352. [PMID: 36084366 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (DM/PM) are rare autoimmune inflammatory myopathies, characterized by an increased risk of cardiovascular and thromboembolic events, likely related to the prothrombotic plasma properties. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro thrombin generation profile as a biomarker of plasma procoagulant properties in DM/PM patients. METHODS In 58 clinically stable DM/PM patients and 67 controls matched for sex, age, body mass index, we measured plasma thrombin generation potential using the Calibrated Automated Thrombinography (CAT) and analyzed its relationship with clinical disease characteristics, including autoantibodies profile. RESULTS Patients with DM/PM had a 21% increase in endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), 36% higher peak thrombin concentration, and 11% faster thrombin generation, compared to controls (p < 0.001, all, also after adjustment for potential confounders). Interestingly, although both diseases did not differ in thrombin generation potential, heterogenous variables predicted elevated ETPs in both of them. In DM, that was higher fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, and total cholesterol, whereas in PM, presence of arthritis and increased blood platelet count. Surprisingly, thrombin formation capacity remained in a robust inverse relationship with serum troponin (r = -0.67, p < 0.001) in the patient group. CONCLUSIONS DM/PM patients are characterized by an increased thrombin generation potential, suggesting prothrombotic plasma properties in both diseases. However, more studies are needed to verify its rationale and role in DM/PM clinical course and unfavorable clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kuszmiersz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Andżelika Siwiec-Koźlik
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Renata Pacholczak-Madej
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Anatomy, Cracow, Poland; National Cancer Institute, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Kraków Branch, Poland
| | - Anna Rams
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Internal Medicine, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Teresa Iwaniec
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Haematology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Kosałka-Węgiel
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Lech Zaręba
- University of Rzeszow, Interdisciplinary Centre for Computational Modeling, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Radosław Dziedzic
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Students' Scientific Group of Immune Diseases and Hypercoagulation, Cracow, Poland
| | - Stanisława Bazan-Socha
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Internal Medicine, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Dropiński
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Internal Medicine, Cracow, Poland.
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25
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Illési Á, Debreceni IB, Fejes Z, Nagy B, Hodosi K, Kappelmayer J, Csanádi Z, Szük TI. Effect of invasive therapeutic coronary interventions on endothelial cell activation and thrombin generation in patients with chronic total coronary occlusion. Thromb Res 2022; 217:64-72. [PMID: 35908382 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is commonly used treatment for chronic total occlusion (CTO). PCI can be performed in two different ways using wire escalation (WE) or subintimal dissection and reentry (DR) technique. During both procedures patients are treated with anticoagulants, however a substantial activation of coagulation cascade is expected, which may affect clinical outcome. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to compare the impact of WE and DR techniques regarding endothelial cell activation and thrombin formation. METHODS Fifty patients after CTO-PCI were enrolled into this study. Blood samples were obtained before PCI, at 48 h and 3-6 months after the intervention to measure soluble endothelium-specific markers and to investigate thrombin generation. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were treated with WE, 21 received DR. In the DR group, soluble VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1) concentrations were gradually elevated and remained significantly increased at 3-6 months (p = 0.006 and p = 0.037, respectively) compared to pre-PCI. Furthermore, significant decrease in lagtime (p = 0.004) and time to peak (p = 0.002) with a substantial increment in peak thrombin (p = 0.001) were observed in these patients. In contrast, no significant alteration was found in the WE cohort. Clinical complications (myocardial infarction, stroke, thrombosis, revascularization) did not occur in the first 9 months of follow-up period in either group. CONCLUSION Although DR intervention induces more thrombin generation with a larger degree of endothelium activation compared to WE, this technique does not cause more clinical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Illési
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Kálmán Laki, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Beke Debreceni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Fejes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Béla Nagy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Hodosi
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Kappelmayer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Csanádi
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Kálmán Laki, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor István Szük
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Kálmán Laki, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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26
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Van Dreden P, Lefkou E, Ka A, Sfakianoudis K, Rousseau A, Geroziafas GT. The procoagulant phospholipid dependent clotting time and the initiation phase of thrombin generation test are mandatory for the evaluation of the risk for severe early onset preeclampsia. Thromb Res 2022; 217:57-59. [PMID: 35870325 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Van Dreden
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Research Group "Cancer, Biology and Therapeutics", Research Team "Cancer, Haemostasis, Angiogenesis", Paris, France; Clinical Research Department, Stago, Gennevilliers, France
| | - Eleftheria Lefkou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Research Group "Cancer, Biology and Therapeutics", Research Team "Cancer, Haemostasis, Angiogenesis", Paris, France; Perigenesis, Institute of Obstetric Haematology, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aboubakar Ka
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Research Group "Cancer, Biology and Therapeutics", Research Team "Cancer, Haemostasis, Angiogenesis", Paris, France
| | | | - Aurélie Rousseau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Research Group "Cancer, Biology and Therapeutics", Research Team "Cancer, Haemostasis, Angiogenesis", Paris, France; Clinical Research Department, Stago, Gennevilliers, France
| | - Grigoris T Geroziafas
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Research Group "Cancer, Biology and Therapeutics", Research Team "Cancer, Haemostasis, Angiogenesis", Paris, France; Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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27
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Oliver C, Freyer J, Murdoch M, De Lloyd L, Jenkins PV, Collis R, Collins PW. A description of the coagulopathy characteristics in amniotic fluid embolism: a case report. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022; 51:103573. [PMID: 35842347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid embolism is frequently associated with coagulopathy. However, the exact nature and evolution of the bleeding disorder is incompletely understood. We report a case of clinically diagnosed amniotic fluid embolism associated with major haemorrhage and coagulopathy. We measured sequential levels of all individual clotting factors, thrombin generation, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels over the course of the event, beginning shortly after the patient's initial collapse and during the subsequent resuscitation, to identify the specific abnormalities of coagulation from stored blood samples. A better understanding of amniotic fluid embolism and the associated coagulopathy is an important area of research to inform targeted treatment of the coagulopathy and improve outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Oliver
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
| | - J Freyer
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Murdoch
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - L De Lloyd
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - P V Jenkins
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Collis
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - P W Collins
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
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28
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van Paridon PCS, Panova-Noeva M, van Oerle R, Schulz A, Prochaska JH, Arnold N, Schmidtmann I, Beutel M, Pfeiffer N, Münzel T, Lackner KJ, Ten Cate H, Wild PS, Spronk HMH. Relationships between coagulation factors and thrombin generation in a general population with arterial and venous disease background. Thromb J 2022; 20:32. [PMID: 35676710 PMCID: PMC9175351 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study aims to identify the relationships between coagulation factors and plasma thrombin generation in a large population-based study by comparing individuals with a history of arterial or venous thrombosis to cardiovascular healthy individuals. Methods This study comprised 502 individuals with a history of arterial disease, 195 with history of venous thrombosis and 1402 cardiovascular healthy individuals (reference group) from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS). Calibrated Automated Thrombography was assessed and coagulation factors were measured by means of BCS XP Systems. To assess the biochemical determinants of TG variables, a multiple linear regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex and antithrombotic therapy, was conducted. Results The lag time, the time to form the first thrombin, was mainly positively associated with the natural coagulant and anti-coagulant factors in the reference group, i.e. higher factors result in a longer lag time. The same determinants were negative for individuals with a history of arterial or venous thrombosis, with a 10 times higher effect size. Endogenous thrombin potential, or area under the curve, was predominantly positively determined by factor II, VIII, X and IX in all groups. However, the effect sizes of the reported associations were 4 times higher for the arterial and venous disease groups in comparison to the reference group. Conclusion This large-scale analysis demonstrated a stronger effect of the coagulant and natural anti-coagulant factors on the thrombin potential in individuals with a history of arterial or venous thrombosis as compared to healthy individuals, which implicates sustained alterations in the plasma coagulome in subjects with a history of thrombotic vascular disease, despite intake of antithrombotic therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12959-022-00392-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline C S van Paridon
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marina Panova-Noeva
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rene van Oerle
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jürgen H Prochaska
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany.,Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Natalie Arnold
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany.,Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Henri M H Spronk
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands.
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Böhm JK, Schaeben V, Schäfer N, Güting H, Lefering R, Thorn S, Schöchl H, Zipperle J, Grottke O, Rossaint R, Stanworth S, Curry N, Maegele M. Extended Coagulation Profiling in Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury: A CENTER-TBI Analysis. Neurocrit Care 2022; 36:927-941. [PMID: 34918214 PMCID: PMC9110502 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-021-01400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma-induced coagulopathy in traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains associated with high rates of complications, unfavorable outcomes, and mortality. The underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Embedded in the prospective multinational Collaborative European Neurotrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study, coagulation profiles beyond standard conventional coagulation assays were assessed in patients with isolated TBI within the very early hours of injury. METHODS Results from blood samples (citrate/EDTA) obtained on hospital admission were matched with clinical and routine laboratory data of patients with TBI captured in the CENTER-TBI central database. To minimize confounding factors, patients with strictly isolated TBI (iTBI) (n = 88) were selected and stratified for coagulopathy by routine international normalized ratio (INR): (1) INR < 1.2 and (2) INR ≥ 1.2. An INR > 1.2 has been well adopted over time as a threshold to define trauma-related coagulopathy in general trauma populations. The following parameters were evaluated: quick's value, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, thrombin time, antithrombin, coagulation factor activity of factors V, VIII, IX, and XIII, protein C and S, plasminogen, D-dimer, fibrinolysis-regulating parameters (thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, antiplasmin), thrombin generation, and fibrin monomers. RESULTS Patients with iTBI with INR ≥ 1.2 (n = 16) had a high incidence of progressive intracranial hemorrhage associated with increased mortality and unfavorable outcome compared with patients with INR < 1.2 (n = 72). Activity of coagulation factors V, VIII, IX, and XIII dropped on average by 15-20% between the groups whereas protein C and S levels dropped by 20%. With an elevated INR, thrombin generation decreased, as reflected by lower peak height and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), whereas the amount of fibrin monomers increased. Plasminogen activity significantly decreased from 89% in patients with INR < 1.2 to 76% in patients with INR ≥ 1.2. Moreover, D-dimer levels significantly increased from a mean of 943 mg/L in patients with INR < 1.2 to 1,301 mg/L in patients with INR ≥ 1.2. CONCLUSIONS This more in-depth analysis beyond routine conventional coagulation assays suggests a counterbalanced regulation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with iTBI with hemostatic abnormalities. We observed distinct patterns involving key pathways of the highly complex and dynamic coagulation system that offer windows of opportunity for further research. Whether the changes observed on factor levels may be relevant and explain the worse outcome or the more severe brain injuries by themselves remains speculative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Böhm
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, Building 38, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Victoria Schaeben
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, Building 38, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadine Schäfer
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, Building 38, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helge Güting
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, Building 38, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rolf Lefering
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, Building 38, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sophie Thorn
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, 55 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Herbert Schöchl
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, AUVA Trauma Hospital, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Doktor-Franz-Rehrl-Platz 5, 5010, Salzburg, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Trauma Research Center, Donaueschingenstr. 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Zipperle
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Trauma Research Center, Donaueschingenstr. 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Grottke
- Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Rolf Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Simon Stanworth
- NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Nicola Curry
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR BRC Haematology Theme, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX37LE, UK
| | - Marc Maegele
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, Building 38, 51109, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Traumatology, Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Cologne-Merheim Medical Centre, Witten/Herdecke University, Campus Cologne-Merheim, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany.
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Yin W, Dimatteo A, Kumpfbeck A, Leung S, Fandaros M, Musmacker B, Rubenstein DA, Frame MD. An in situ inferior vena cava ligation-stenosis model to study thrombin generation rates with flow. Thromb J 2022; 20:30. [PMID: 35614456 PMCID: PMC9131541 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood flow-induced shear stress affects platelet participation in coagulation and thrombin generation. We aimed to develop an in vivo model to characterize thrombin generation rates under flow. METHODS An in situ inferior vena cava (IVC) ligation-stenosis model was established using C57BL/6 mice. Wild type C57BL/6 mice were fed normal chow diet for two weeks before experiments. On the day of experiments, mice were anesthetized, followed by an incision through the abdominal skin to expose the IVC, which was then ligated (followed by reperfusion through a stenosis for up to 2 h). IVC blood flow rate was monitored using a Transonic ultrasound flow meter. In sham animals, the IVC was exposed following the same procedure, but no ligation was applied. Thrombin generation following IVC ligation was estimated by measuring mouse plasma prothrombin fragment 1-2 concentration. Mouse plasma factor Va concentration was measured using phospholipids and a modified prothrombinase assay. Blood vessel histomorphology, vascular wall ICAM-1, von Willebrand Factor, tissue factor, and PECAM-1 expression were measured using immunofluorescence microscopy. RESULTS IVC blood flow rate increased immediately following ligation and stenosis formation. Sizable clots formed in mouse IVC following ligation and stenosis formation. Both plasma factor Va and prothrombin fragment 1-2 concentration reduced significantly following IVC ligation/stenosis, while no changes were observed with ICAM-1, von Willebrand Factor, tissue factor and PECAM-1 expression. CONCLUSION Clot formation was successful. However, the prothrombin-thrombin conversion rate constant in vivo cannot be determined as local thrombin and FVa concentration (at the injury site) cannot be accurately measured. Modification to the animal model is needed to further the investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Andrew Dimatteo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Andrew Kumpfbeck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Stephen Leung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Marina Fandaros
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Bryan Musmacker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - David A Rubenstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Mary D Frame
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Room 109, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
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Tsuchida T, Hayakawa M, Kawahara S, Kumano O. Thrombin generation capacity is enhanced by low antithrombin activity and depends on the activity of the related coagulation factors. Thromb J 2022; 20:29. [PMID: 35585586 PMCID: PMC9116075 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Supplementation with antithrombin (AT) concentrates is now common in the treatment of congenital and acquired AT deficiency. However, there is no established consensus on the target and timing of supplementation. We aimed to elucidate the effects of AT deficiency on the balance between coagulation activation and inhibition using a thrombin generation assay as in vitro global assay. Methods Samples were prepared by admixing commercially acquired AT-deficient plasma with < 1% AT activity with pooled normal plasma. The AT activity in each sample was adjusted to 100, 90, 70, 50, 40, 30, 10, 5, and < 1%. A thrombin generation assay was performed in each sample. AT concentrate-spiked samples were also prepared by adjusting the AT activities in four types of the concentrates: one recombinant and three plasma-derived AT concentrates. The final targeted AT activities in the samples were adjusted to 100, 50, 30, and 5% by spiking each concentrate into the AT-deficient plasma. We also prepared samples with five levels of prothrombin time (PT) % in coagulation factors with the AT activity fixed at 30% by dilution by mixing AT-deficient plasma and normal plasma with Owren’s veronal buffer to adjust the coagulation factor activities in several proportions. The theoretical target PT% values were 100, 66, 50, 40, and 30%. A thrombin generation assay was performed on all samples. Results The ability to generate thrombin depended on the AT activity, and the amount of thrombin generation was increased as AT was decreased. Additionally, the amount of thrombin generation was changed significantly when AT activity was ≤ 50%, indicating that AT suppressed thrombin generation. In particular, thrombin generation was remarkable when AT activity was < 30%, and it can be assumed that the prognosis is poor due to organ failure from thrombotic tendency. Conclusions The results presented in this basic research were found to be consistent with the clinical findings to date. The mechanism by which 30–50% of AT activity is set as the clinical boundary was elucidated by the thrombin generation assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Tsuchida
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Mineji Hayakawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
| | - Shota Kawahara
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Osamu Kumano
- Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
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Cominato L, Franco RR, Ybarra M, Frascino AV, Steinmetz L, Ferraro AA, Aivazoglou Carneiro JD, Damiani D. Obesity as a Thrombogenic and Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Children. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 94:410-415. [PMID: 34610594 DOI: 10.1159/000519264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Obesity leads to increased risk of thromboembolic events in adults, but few studies have addressed the relationship between obesity and thrombogenic risk during childhood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prothrombotic state of obese children in comparison with healthy children. METHODS Thrombin generation, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels, along with metabolic parameters, were measured in 72 prepubertal children, of which 47 were obese and 25 eutrophic. RESULTS A significant increase in thrombin generation, fibrinogen, and dyslipidemia was found among obese patients. CONCLUSION A prothrombotic state develops in childhood obesity during the prepubertal phase.
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Dalsgaard TH, Hvas AM, Kirkegaard KS, Jensen MV, Knudsen UB. Impact of frozen thawed embryo transfer in hormone substituted cycles on thrombotic risk markers. Thromb Res 2021; 209:23-32. [PMID: 34847404 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fertility treatment with frozen thawed embryo transfer (FET) is widely used. Women treated in artificial cycles (AC-FET) receive high doses of estrogen in contrast to natural cycles (NC-FET), where no estrogen is administered. Estrogen substitution may be associated with increased risk of thromboembolism. Our aim is therefore to characterize changes in blood coagulation parameters defined as surrogate thrombotic risk markers in women undergoing estrogen substitution during AC-FET. MATERIALS In our prospective cohort study, we enrolled 34 women in either: AC-FET (n = 19) or NC-FET (n = 15). Women were recruited at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Horsens Fertility Clinic, Denmark, from August 2019 - November 2020. Blood samples were obtained at four timepoints. Thrombin generation, platelet aggregation and fibrinolysis were evaluated as thrombotic risk markers. RESULTS Within the AC-FET group, we found a significantly shorter lagtime (p < 0.05) and time to peak (TTP) (p < 0.001) after hormone substitution compared to baseline. Furthermore, a significantly higher mean peak (p < 0.0001) and larger endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) (p < 0.0001) was observed. When compared to the NC-FET group, women receiving AC-FET had a significantly shorter mean TTP (p < 0.005), higher mean peak (p < 0.0001) and larger ETP (p < 0.05). Additionally, we demonstrated a significantly prolonged lysis time within the AC-FET group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that women receiving AC-FET have a significantly increased thrombin generation which may increase the thromboembolic risk in women being estrogen substituted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Holm Dalsgaard
- Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Horsens Regional Hospital, 8700 Horsens, Denmark
| | - Anne-Mette Hvas
- Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | | | - Maria Vestergaard Jensen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Horsens Regional Hospital, 8700 Horsens, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ulla Breth Knudsen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Horsens Regional Hospital, 8700 Horsens, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Nguyen G, Lejeune M, Crichi B, Frere C. Hemostasis testing in patients with liver dysfunction: Advantages and caveats. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:7285-7298. [PMID: 34876789 PMCID: PMC8611202 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i42.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to concomitant changes in pro- and anti-coagulant mechanisms, patients with liver dysfunction have a “rebalanced hemostasis”, which can easily be tipped toward either a hypo- or a hypercoagulable phenotype. Clinicians are often faced with the question whether patients with chronic liver disease undergoing invasive procedures or surgery and those having active bleeding require correction of the hemostasis abnormalities. Conventional coagulation screening tests, such as the prothrombin time/international normalized ratio and the activated partial thromboplastin time have been demonstrated to have numerous limitations in these patients and do not predict the risk of bleeding prior to high-risk procedures. The introduction of global coagulation assays, such as viscoelastic testing (VET), has been an important step forward in the assessment of the overall hemostasis profile. A growing body of evidence now suggests that the use of VET might be of significant clinical utility to prevent unnecessary infusion of blood products and to improve outcomes in numerous settings. The present review discusses the advantages and caveats of both conventional and global coagulation assays to assess the risk of bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease as well as the current role of transfusion and hemostatic agents to prevent or manage bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Nguyen
- Department of Hematology, Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75012, France
| | - Manon Lejeune
- Department of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75013, France
| | - Benjamin Crichi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75010, France
| | - Corinne Frere
- Department of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75013, France
- Inserm UMRS_1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75013, France
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Brodard J, Calzavarini S, Quarroz C, Berzigotti A, De Gottardi A, Angelillo-Scherrer A. Resistance to thrombomodulin correlates with liver stiffness in chronic liver disease a prospective single-center cohort study. Thromb Res 2021; 207:40-49. [PMID: 34536665 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic liver disease (CLD) is characterized by changes in haemostasis, embracing both hypo- and hypercoagulability. Global hemostatic tests such as thrombin generation assays evaluate the hemostatic balance, to better assess bleeding and thrombotic risks. In addition, procoagulant state in patients with CLD has been demonstrated using modified thrombin generation assays with thrombomodulin, a cofactor for protein C activation. In this study, we prospectively determined thrombin generation and thrombomodulin resistance in patients with CLD staged with liver stiffness measurement (LSM), using both the fully automated analyzer ST Genesia® Thrombin Generation System (STG) and the calibrated automated thrombogram assay (CAT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics, and blood samples were collected from 65 patients with CLD. Liver stiffness was measured by transient elastography, and thrombin generation and thrombomodulin resistance, by STG and CAT. RESULTS Patients were separated based on LSM of <21 and ≥21 kilopascals (kPa). The propagation rate of thrombin generation was higher in patients with LSM ≥21 kPa and the thrombin generation rate increased as LSM increased. In addition, thrombomodulin resistance assessed by STG and CAT was higher in patients with LSM ≥21 kPa. However, ETP inhibition by activated protein C was comparable in patients with LSM <21 and ≥21 kPa. Finally, LSM correlated with most thrombin generation parameters. CONCLUSION The STG automated system may have value in the assessment of patients with chronic liver disease in the routine coagulation laboratory. LSM ≥21 kPa identify a procoagulant phenotype in these patients, including thrombomodulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Brodard
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara Calzavarini
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Quarroz
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Hepatology, Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale and Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Andrea De Gottardi
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland; Hepatology, Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale and Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Anne Angelillo-Scherrer
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Giesen PLA, Gulpen AJW, van Oerle R, Ten Cate H, Nagy M, Spronk HMH. Calibrated automated thrombogram II: removing barriers for thrombin generation measurements. Thromb J 2021; 19:60. [PMID: 34454531 PMCID: PMC8399793 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-021-00312-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin generation (TG) assessed by Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT-I) reflects the overall capacity of plasma to generate thrombin, thus evaluating the balance between the anti- and procoagulant processes. However, with this method the calibrator curve is usually not measured until completion which has a severe impact on the calculation of the TG parameters, especially under conditions where almost all substrate is consumed. In addition, direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) cannot be present in the calibration sample due to inhibition of the calibrator. We have developed a modified TG assay (CAT-II) and performed head-to-head comparison with the CAT-I method using the same fluorometer. Furthermore, we have compared our CAT-II method to a new automated TG instrument (ST®-Genesia) using the same calibration method. METHODS TG was assessed with CAT-I and CAT-II using the same fulorometer and with ST®-Genesia in control plasma and plasma containing different anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban) and plasmas to which common interfering substances, bilirubin, hemoglobin and lipids were added. In CAT-I, calibration was against the same plasma containing calibrator in the presence of fluorogenic substrate (Z-GGR-AMC). In contrast, CAT-II method and ST®-Genesia used a standard concentration of thrombin in buffer and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) in a separate plasma sample for calibration. RESULTS TG obtained from CAT-I using anticoagulant-free plasmas was lower compared with TG from CAT-II but both methods demonstrated an intra-assay variation less than 5% on all measured parameters. When comparing the two different calibration methods in the presence of different anticoagulants, a high correlation was seen in the presence of rivaroxaban and apixaban (R2 > 0.97), but not with dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor. CAT-II method showed dose-dependent inhibition of TG in the presence of dabigatran, while CAT-I was not able to detect it. Both methods were able to correct for the interfering substances. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed high similarity between the results of CAT-I and CAT-II method when it is applied in control plasmas and plasmas not inhibited with a direct thrombin inhibitor. Furthermore, both the CAT-II method and ST-Genesia using the same calibration method were able to detect the effect of all oral anticoagulants. Taken together, applying a new calibration method is a significant improvement for monitoring patients on direct thrombin inhibitors while not introducing any bias to results obtained on other types of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A J W Gulpen
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R van Oerle
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H Ten Cate
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Nagy
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H M H Spronk
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Campello E, Simion C, Bulato C, Radu CM, Gavasso S, Sartorello F, Saggiorato G, Zerbinati P, Fadin M, Spiezia L, Simioni P. Absence of hypercoagulability after nCoV-19 vaccination: An observational pilot study. Thromb Res 2021; 205:24-28. [PMID: 34246010 PMCID: PMC8231699 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is still unknown whether COVID-19 vaccines induce a prothrombotic state or increase the hypercoagulable condition in subjects with a predisposition to thrombosis. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the coagulation profile in a series of healthy subjects who received the first dose of the BNT162b2 or the ChAdOx1 vaccines and assessed whether hypercoagulability developed. PATIENTS/METHODS Volunteers among the staff of the University of Padua or health care professionals in the Padua University Hospital who had received either the ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 vaccine in the previous 10 ± 2 days were eligible. A cohort of unvaccinated volunteers among family members of the University staff acted as control group. Global coagulation monitoring was assessed by whole blood rotational thromboelastometry, whole blood impedance aggregometry and thrombin generation. Platelet count was also obtained. RESULTS One hundred and ninety subjects were enrolled: 101 (53.2%) received the ChAdOx1 vaccine and 89 (46.8%) the BNT162b2 vaccine. Twenty-eight non-vaccinated subjects acted as controls. Thromboelastometry parameters were all comparable among groups. Thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP)-, ADP- and ASPI-induced platelet aggregation were similar among groups, as well as platelet count. Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) was comparable among groups. The results were confirmed after controlling for age, gender and hormonal. Considering women taking combined oral contraceptives or thrombophilia carriers, no differences were detected in thromboelastometry or thrombin generation parameters between subjects who received ChAdOx1 vs. BNT162b2 vaccines. CONCLUSIONS No significant activation of fibrinogen-driven coagulation, plasma thrombin generation or clinically meaningful platelet aggregation after ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 vaccination was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Campello
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Simion
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristiana Bulato
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia M Radu
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Sabrina Gavasso
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Sartorello
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Graziella Saggiorato
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zerbinati
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Mariangela Fadin
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
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Yip C, Seneviratna A, Tan SH, Khaing T, Chan SP, Loh J, Lee CH, Low AF, Drum CL, Poh SC, Gibson CM, Ohman EM, Richards AM, Chan MY. Patients with acute and chronic coronary syndromes have elevated long-term thrombin generation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 50:421-9. [PMID: 32077007 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances in revascularization strategies and antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and/or P2Y12 receptor antagonist, patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) continue to be at long-term risk of further cardiovascular events. Besides platelet activation, the role of thrombin generation (TG) in atherothrombotic complications is widely recognized. In this study, we hypothesized that there is an elevation of coagulation activation persists beyond 12 months in patients with ACS and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) when compared with healthy controls. We measured TG profiles of patients within 72 h after percutaneous coronary intervention, at 6-month, 12-month and 24-month. Our results demonstrated that TG of patients with ACS (n = 114) and CCS (n = 40) were persistently elevated when compared to healthy individuals (n = 50) in peak thrombin (ACS 273.1 nM vs CCS 287.3 nM vs healthy 234.3 nM) and velocity index (ACS 110.2 nM/min vs CCS 111.0 nM/min vs healthy 72.9 nM/min) at 24-month of follow-up. Our results suggest a rationale for addition of anticoagulation to antiplatelet therapy in preventing long-term ischemic events after ACS. Further research could clarify whether the use of TG parameters to enable risk stratification of patients at heightened long-term procoagulant risk who may benefit most from dual pathway inhibition.
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de Laat-Kremers RMW, Wahl D, Zuily S, Ninivaggi M, Chayouâ W, Regnault V, Musial J, de Groot PG, Devreese KMJ, de Laat B. Deciphered coagulation profile to diagnose the antiphospholipid syndrome using artificial intelligence. Thromb Res 2021; 203:142-151. [PMID: 34022673 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is diagnosed by the presence of lupus anticoagulant and/or antibodies against cardiolipin or β2-glycoprotein-1 and the occurrence of thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity. The assessment of overall coagulation is known to differ in APS patients compared to normal subjects. The accelerated production of key factor thrombin causes a prothrombotic state in APS patients, and the reduced efficacy of the activated protein C pathway promotes this effect. Even though significant differences exist in the coagulation profile between normal controls and APS patients, it is not possible to rely on a single test result to diagnose APS. A neural network is a computing system inspired by the human brain that can be trained to distinguish between healthy subjects and patients based on subject specific data. In a first cohort of patients, we developed a neural networking that diagnoses APS. We clinically validated this neural network in a separate cohort consisting of APS patients, normal controls, controls visiting the hospital for other indications and two diseased control groups (thrombosis patients and auto-immune disease patients). The positive predictive value ranged from 62% in the hospital controls to 91% in normal controls and the negative predictive value of the neural network ranged from 86% in the thrombosis control group to 95% in the hospital controls. The sensitivity of the neural network was higher than 90% in all control groups. In conclusion, we developed a neural network that accurately diagnoses APS in the validation cohort. After further clinical validation in newly diagnosed patients, this neural network could possibly be clinically implemented to diagnose APS based on thrombin generation data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy M W de Laat-Kremers
- Department of Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Denis Wahl
- Vascular Medicine Division, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Marisa Ninivaggi
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Walid Chayouâ
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jacek Musial
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Philip G de Groot
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Katrien M J Devreese
- Coagulation Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bas de Laat
- Department of Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zanetto
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, General Internal Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy.
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Donkel SJ, Pater K, Leebeek FWG, Dippel DWJ, Ten Cate H, de Maat MPM. Thrombin generation is associated with ischemic stroke at a young age. Thromb Res 2021; 202:139-144. [PMID: 33838480 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the underlying mechanisms in ischemic stroke (IS) in young adults remains challenging. Thrombin activates processes that contribute to the development and progression of arterial diseases. We investigated the association between thrombin generation (TG) and a first IS or transient ischemic attack (TIA) in young adults. METHODS In this case-control study, we included consecutive patients (≤45 years in men, ≤55 years in women) with a first IS or TIA (n = 160) and healthy controls (n = 160). TG was determined with the calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) assay. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between TG and IS. Men and women were analyzed separately. RESULTS TG started earlier, reached its peak earlier and was also terminated earlier in patients than in healthy controls. Peak height (PH) was higher in patients than in controls, 227 nM (25th-75th percentile 145-326) versus 179 nM (110-294), p = 0.02. The endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) was not different in patients and controls, 1530 nM·min (1089-2045) versus 1454 nM·min (1011-2139), p = 0.52. Lag time (LT) (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83-0.99)), time to peak (TTP) (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.97) and time to tail (TTT) (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88-0.97) were associated with a first IS and TIA. In men LT, TTP and TTT were associated with IS, but not in women. CONCLUSIONS We found that TG parameters are associated with a first IS in young patients. Further prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the role of TG in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Donkel
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Hematology, the Netherlands
| | - Karmen Pater
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Hematology, the Netherlands
| | - Frank W G Leebeek
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Hematology, the Netherlands
| | - Diederik W J Dippel
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Neurology, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis & Haemostasis, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Moniek P M de Maat
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Hematology, the Netherlands.
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Nielsen T, Kristensen SR, Gregersen H, Teodorescu EM, Pedersen S. Prothrombotic abnormalities in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Thromb Res 2021; 202:108-118. [PMID: 33819778 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) and its precursor condition, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) have an increased risk of thrombotic events, especially during anti-myeloma treatment. Many different underlying causes for this hypercoagulability have been suggested, but current techniques to identify abnormalities in these patients are sparse and inefficient. The aim of this study was to assess the hypercoagulability in MGUS and MM patients through various coagulation analyses and identify changes in the MM patients throughout their treatment regimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelet-free plasma from 38 MM patients, 19 MGUS patients and 34 healthy controls were tested for hypercoagulability using calibrated automated thrombogram, a procoagulant phospholipid assay, a microvesicle-associated (MV) tissue factor (TF) assay, and a cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cf-DNA) assay as a surrogate measurement for neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). RESULTS MGUS and MM patients both had elevated thrombin generation and procoagulant phospholipid activity in comparison to the control subjects. MM, and partly MGUS, showed increased MV-TF activity, however, only MM had increased levels of the cf-DNA. CONCLUSIONS Here we demonstrated that hypercoagulability was present in patients with MGUS and MM through increased thrombin generation, possibly due to higher TF and procoagulant phospholipids (PPL) activity. This may be associated to MVs and, for MM patients, be attributed to procoagulant NETs activity; however, this remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thøger Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Søren Risom Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Petros S, Siegemund R, Siegemund A. Increased activated protein C to protein C ratio in sepsis and cirrhosis. Thromb Res 2021; 202:74-76. [PMID: 33770538 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirak Petros
- Medical ICU, University Medical Center of Leipzig, Germany.
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van de Berg TW, Hulshof AM, Nagy M, van Oerle R, Sels JW, van Bussel B, Ten Cate H, Henskens Y, Spronk HMH; Dutch Covid-19 and Thrombosis Coalition (DCTC). Suggestions for global coagulation assays for the assessment of COVID-19 associated hypercoagulability. Thromb Res 2021; 201:84-9. [PMID: 33662799 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection is associated with a clear prothrombotic phenotype. Although the exact pathophysiological mechanisms are not yet fully understood, thrombosis is clearly a highly important in the prognosis and outcome of COVID-19. As such, there is a need for diagnostic analysis and quantification of the coagulation potential in these patients, both at diagnosis and follow-up. Global coagulation assays like thrombin generation (TG) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) might be suitable in estimating COVID-19 associated coagulopathy and thrombosis risk. Therefore, we aimed at validating both assays for samples with high levels of fibrinogen and in the presence of anticoagulant heparins, such as commonly observed for COVID-19 ICU patients. Materials and methods Calibrated Automated Thrombography (CAT) was optimized to assess plasma thrombin generation in the presence of heparins. The final conditions with either 10 μg/mL Ellagic acid (EA) or PPP Reagent HIGH (high tissue factor; HPPH) were validated according to the EP5 protocol for within-run and between-run variability. Overall variability was well below 10%. To estimate the influences of heparins and high fibrinogen levels, CAT was performed on spiked plasma aliquots from 13 healthy volunteers. Comparable to the CAT method, tPA-ROTEM was used to validate the effect of high fibrinogen and heparins on clotting time, clot firmness and clot lysis parameters. Results Our adjusted COVID-19 assay showed a heparin dose dependent decrease in peak height and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) for both EA and HPPH triggered variants. High fibrinogen did not alter the inhibitory effect of either LMWH or UFH, nor did it influence the peak height or ETP in any of the conditions. The tPA-ROTEM showed a significant prolongation in clotting time with the additions of heparin, which normalized with the addition of high fibrinogen. MCF was markedly increased in all hyperfibrinogenemic conditions. A trend towards increased lysis time and, thus, decreased fibrinolysis was observed. Conclusion Thrombin generation and tPA-ROTEM protocols for measurements in the COVID-19 populations were adjusted and validated. The adjusted thrombin generation assay shows good sensitivity for measurements in heparin spiked plasma. High levels of fibrinogen did not alter the assay or the effectiveness of heparins as measured in this assay. t-PA ROTEM was effective in measurement of both high fibrinogen and heparins spiked samples and was sensitive to the expected relevant coagulant changes by these conditions. No clear fibrinolytic effect was observed in different conditions.
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Silvino JPP, Carvalho MG, Reis EA, Mota APL, Gomes KB, Duarte RCF, Guimarães MCJ, Sousa MCR, Azevedo PS, Silva IFO. Familial hypercholesterolemia: Is there a role for PCSK9 and thrombin generation? Thromb Res 2021; 200:156-63. [PMID: 33626480 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. The prevalence of FH has previously been reported as 1 in 500 in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) levels, lipid profile and thrombin generation in FH patients undergoing treatment or not. METHODS Eighty individuals with FH were selected and distributed in 2 groups: individuals treated with statins alone or conjugate therapy (statin + ezetimibe) (T = 53) and those non treated (NT = 27). PCSK9 levels were determined by ELISA, the lipid profile by colorimetric enzyme method and thrombin generation assay (TGA) by CAT method. RESULTS Individuals treated with conjugate therapy (statin + ezetimibe) showed a significant reduction in the levels of total cholesterol (TC) low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and in the potential for thrombin generation (ETP with low and high concentration of tissue factor), compared to the treated individuals with monotherapy (statins). PCSK9 was positively correlated with increased levels of TC, LDLc and triglycerides, while TGA parameters were positively correlated with PCSK9 and lipid profile. CONCLUSION PCSK9 levels appear to be associated with components of the lipid and hemostatic profiles, in addition to being influenced by age. In general, our findings suggest that combined therapy for the treatment of FH is associated with a significant improvement in both lipid and hemostatic profiles assessed by TGA, suggesting a reduction in atherogenic and thrombogenic risks and, therefore, more promising compared to the use of statin monotherapy.
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Gurevitz C, Eisen A, Lev E, Itzhaki Ben Zadok O, Perl L, Samara A, Nissenholtz A, Rozovski U, Elis A, Kornowski R, Raanani P, Ziv E, Spectre G. Thrombin Generation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Cardiology 2021; 146:222-227. [PMID: 33486497 DOI: 10.1159/000512435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal antithrombotic treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) that undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is controversial. Dual therapy (clopidogrel and a direct oral anticoagulant [DOAC]) is safer than triple therapy (warfarin, aspirin, and clopidogrel), while efficacy is unclear. We aimed to evaluate thrombin generation (TG) under dual and triple therapy. METHODS A noninterventional prospective trial in patients with AF undergoing PCI. Patients received 4 weeks of triple therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and a DOAC followed by aspirin withdrawal. TG was measured in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) at 3 five to 21 points, day 1 after PCI (TIME 0), 4 weeks after PCI (TIME 1), and 2 weeks after aspirin withdrawal (TIME 2). RESULTS Twenty-three patients (18 men, median age 78 years, 83% with acute coronary syndrome) were included. Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) in PPP was high at TIME 0 compared with TIME 1 (ETP 3,178 ± 248 nM vs. 2,378 ± 222 nM, p = 0.005). These results remained consistent when measured in PRP. No significant difference in ETP was found before (TIME 1) and after aspirin withdrawal (TIME 2) although few patients had high ETP levels after stopping aspirin. CONCLUSIONS TG potential is high immediately after PCI and decreases 4 weeks after PCI in patients receiving triple therapy. TG remains constant after aspirin withdrawal in most patients, suggesting that after 1 month the antithrombotic effect of dual therapy may be similar to triple therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gurevitz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, .,Department of Cardiology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel,
| | - Alon Eisen
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cardiology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Eli Lev
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Osnat Itzhaki Ben Zadok
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cardiology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Leor Perl
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cardiology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Abed Samara
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cardiology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Adaya Nissenholtz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Geriatric Department, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - Uri Rozovski
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - Avishay Elis
- Internal Medicine C, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ran Kornowski
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cardiology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Pia Raanani
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - Eti Ziv
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - Galia Spectre
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
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Fernández-Bello I, Monzón Manzano E, García Río F, Justo Sanz R, Cubillos-Zapata C, Casitas R, Sánchez B, Jaureguizar A, Acuña P, Alonso-Fernández A, Álvarez Román MT, Jiménez Yuste V, Butta NV. Procoagulant State of Sleep Apnea Depends on Systemic Inflammation and Endothelial Damage. Arch Bronconeumol 2020; 58:117-124. [PMID: 33461785 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing evidence shows a hypercoagulable state in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that could be a risk factor for thromboembolic disease. OBJECTIVES We aimed to elucidate mechanisms involved in the procoagulant profile observed in patients with OSA and to investigate the potential utility of global tests in its characterization. METHODS Thirty-eight patients with severe OSA without previous history of thrombosis and nineteen healthy age- and sex-matched controls were included. Kinetic of clot formation was determined using rotational thromboelastometry. Haemostatic capacity of plasma and microparticles was determined by Calibrated Automated Thrombinography. Platelet surface receptors, activation markers and formation of platelet/leukocytes aggregates were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Thromboelastometry showed a procoagulant state in patients with OSA that did not seem to be related to a basal activation of platelets but by the increased existence of platelet/leukocyte aggregates. Patients with OSA presented many signs of endothelial damage such as increased plasma levels of E-selectin and cfDNA and enhanced thrombin generation due to the presence of microparticles rich in tissue-factor, which is related to OSA severity. CONCLUSIONS OSA induces an enhancement in the dynamics of clot formation which appears to be caused by at least two pathological mechanisms. First, a greater formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates; secondly, endothelial damage which provokes a greater procoagulant potential due to the increase in tissue factor-rich microparticles. Moreover, this study has identified thromboelastometry and thrombin generation assay as useful tools to evaluate the prothrombotic state in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihosvany Fernández-Bello
- Hematology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Elena Monzón Manzano
- Hematology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Francisco García Río
- Respiratory Diseases Research Group, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Justo Sanz
- Hematology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- Respiratory Diseases Research Group, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Casitas
- Respiratory Diseases Research Group, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Sánchez
- Respiratory Diseases Research Group, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Jaureguizar
- Respiratory Diseases Research Group, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Acuña
- Hematology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Alberto Alonso-Fernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Jiménez Yuste
- Hematology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nora V Butta
- Hematology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain.
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Barg AA, Avishai E, Budnik I, Brutman TB, Tamarin I, Dardik R, Bashari D, Misgav M, Lubetsky A, Lalezari S, Livnat T, Kenet G. The potential role of emicizumab prophylaxis in severe von Willebrand disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2021; 87:102530. [PMID: 33341070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe von Willebrand disease (VWD) may be associated with chronic joint damage and may require prophylactic therapy. Emicizumab is a humanized bispecific antibody, which mimics the function of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), and it has been approved for prophylaxis in hemophilia A. METHODS This is the first study assessing the potential future role of emicizumab as an alternative prophylactic treatment in patients with severe VWD, based upon a thrombin generation (TG) ex vivo analysis. We report 51 weeks of successful off label emicizumab prophylaxis in a child with severe VWD and recurrent hemarthroses and progressive arthropathy despite adherence to previous prophylaxis with replacement therapy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrated that ex vivo spiking with emicizumab increased TG in plasma from patients with type 3 VWD. Similar TG results were observed in our treated patient, whose therapy was well tolerated without any adverse events. Both in vitro and ex vivo TG data support sufficient hemostasis without exceeding the range seen in healthy volunteers. Further collaborative studies on the efficacy and safety of emicizumab prophylaxis in severe VWD is warranted.
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50
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Hardy M, Michaux I, Lessire S, Douxfils J, Dogné JM, Bareille M, Horlait G, Bulpa P, Chapelle C, Laporte S, Testa S, Jacqmin H, Lecompte T, Dive A, Mullier F. Prothrombotic hemostasis disturbances in patients with severe COVID-19: Individual daily data. Data Brief 2020; 33:106519. [PMID: 33200086 PMCID: PMC7654236 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This data article accompanies the manuscript entitled: “Prothrombotic Disturbances of hemostasis of Patients with Severe COVID-19: a Prospective Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study” submitted to Thrombosis Research by the same authors. We report temporal changes of plasma levels of an extended set of laboratory parameters during the ICU stay of the 21 COVID-19 patients included in the monocentre cohort: CRP, platelet count, prothrombin time; Clauss fibrinogen and clotting factors II, V and VIII levels, D-dimers, antithrombin activity, protein C, free protein S, total and free tissue factor pathway inhibitor, PAI-1 levels, von Willebrand factor antigen and activity, ADAMTS-13 (plasma levels); and of two integrative tests of coagulation (thrombin generation with ST Genesia) and fibrinolysis (global fibrinolytic capacity - GFC). Regarding hemostasis, we used double-centrifuged frozen citrated plasma prospectively collected after daily performance of usual coagulation tests. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications were also collected from patient's electronic medical reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Hardy
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Hematology Laboratory, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Yvoir, Belgium.,Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Anesthesiology Department, Namur Thrombosis and hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Michaux
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Department of Intensive Care, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lessire
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Anesthesiology Department, Namur Thrombosis and hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Douxfils
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium.,Qualiblood s.a., Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Dogné
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marion Bareille
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Hematology Laboratory, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Geoffrey Horlait
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Department of Intensive Care, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Pierre Bulpa
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Department of Intensive Care, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Celine Chapelle
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Innovation, Pharmacologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Nord, F-42055 Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE U1059, Université Jean Monnet, University Lyon, INSERM, F-CRIN INNOVTE Network, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Silvy Laporte
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Innovation, Pharmacologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Nord, F-42055 Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE U1059, Université Jean Monnet, University Lyon, INSERM, F-CRIN INNOVTE Network, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Sophie Testa
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Center, Cremona Hospital, Cremona, Italy
| | - Hugues Jacqmin
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Hematology Laboratory, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Thomas Lecompte
- Département de Médecine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, service d'angiologie et d'hémostase et Faculté de Médecine, Geneva Platelet Group (GpG), Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alain Dive
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Department of Intensive Care, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - François Mullier
- Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Hematology Laboratory, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Yvoir, Belgium
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