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Ali M, Kumar Das S, Shetake NG, Pandey BN, Kumar A. Enhanced thorium decorporation and mitigation of toxicity through combined use of Liv52® and diethylenetriamine pentaacetate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135234. [PMID: 39042990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Thorium-232 (Th-232) is a promising fuel for advanced nuclear reactors. However, in case of internal human exposure to Th, there is currently no effective modality for its removal from liver and skeleton or for mitigating its effect. The FDA-approved agent, diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA), can remove Th and other actinides from blood circulation only. For the first time, a rationally-selected polyherbal hepatoprotective i.e. Liv52® (L52S), was evaluated in-combination with DTPA for its Th decorporation ability in Swiss mice. Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectroscopic analysis showed that oral administration of L52S in conjunction with DTPA significantly decreased Th burden from liver (20 %) and skeleton (33 %) as well as enhanced Th excretion (∼2.5 folds) through urine in comparison to DTPA or L52S alone. The combinatorial therapy was found to be complementary in-action, ameliorating Th-induced tissue damage in liver, spleen, and bone more effectively than monotherapy. Furthermore, markers of liver function (alanine transaminase) and liver inflammation and fibrosis (NF-κB & keratin) further validated the beneficial effect of L52S. The human consumption of L52S for various liver disorders further supports its clinical application for Th decorporation and mitigation of its health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjoor Ali
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Sourav Kumar Das
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Neena G Shetake
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - B N Pandey
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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Ma M, Wang R, Xu M. Thorium(IV) triggers ferroptosis through disrupting iron homeostasis and heme metabolism in the liver following oral ingestion. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131217. [PMID: 36940529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Thorium is a byproduct of the rare earth mining industry and can be utilized as fuel for the next-generation nuclear power facilities, which may pose health risks to the population. Although published literature has shown that the toxicity of thorium possibly originates from its interactions with iron/heme-containing proteins, the underlying mechanisms are still largely unclear. Since the liver plays an irreplaceable role in iron and heme metabolism in the body, it is essential to investigate how thorium affects iron and heme homeostasis in hepatocytes. In this study, we first assessed the liver injury in mice exposed to tetravalent thorium (Th(IV)) in the form of thorium nitrite via the oral route. After a two-week oral exposure, thorium accumulation and iron overload were observed in the liver, which are both closely associated with lipid peroxidation and cell death. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that ferroptosis, which has not previously been documented in cells for actinides, is the main mechanism of programmed cell death induced by Th(IV). Further mechanistic studies suggested that Th(IV) could activate the ferroptotic pathway through disrupting iron homeostasis and generating lipid peroxides. More significantly, the disorder of heme metabolism, which is crucial for maintaining intracellular iron and redox homeostasis, was found to contribute to ferroptosis in hepatocytes exposed to Th(IV). Our findings may shed light on a key mechanism of hepatoxicity in response to Th(IV) stress and provide in-depth understanding of the health risk of thorium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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Abdel-Rahman M, Rezk MM, Ahmed-Farid OA, Essam S, Abdel Moneim AE. Saussurea lappa root extract ameliorates the hazards effect of thorium induced oxidative stress and neuroendocrine alterations in adult male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13237-13246. [PMID: 32016872 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07917-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to estimating the effect of Saussurea lappa (costus) root extract on thorium accumulation in different brain regions (cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hypothalamus) of adult male albino rats and also to evaluate the antioxidant effect and thyroid gland modulation activity of costus following thorium toxicity. Adult male rats were randomly allocated into four groups; control group receiving saline (0.9% NaCl), thorium group receiving an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of thorium nitrate (Th; 6.3 mg/kg bwt), costus group receiving an oral administration of costus extract at 200 mg/kg bwt and costus + thorium group receiving costus 1 h before thorium injection. Thorium injection in rats for 28 days resulted in the accumulation of Th maximally in the cerebellum followed by the cerebral cortex and then in the hypothalamus. The accumulation of Th was associated with significant disturbance in sodium and potassium ions. A significant decrease in monoamines was also observed in different brain regions. Furthermore, the results indicated that Th-induced oxidative stress evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide and decrease the glutathione content. Additionally, Th caused a significant increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) levels in the serum of rats. However, the pre-administration of costus alleviated all of those disturbances. Our results revealed that costus extract exerted its protective effect mainly through potentiating the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Rezk
- Isotopes Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar A Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Giza Governorate, Egypt
| | - Safia Essam
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Man F, Gawne PJ, T M de Rosales R. Nuclear imaging of liposomal drug delivery systems: A critical review of radiolabelling methods and applications in nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 143:134-160. [PMID: 31170428 PMCID: PMC6866902 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The integration of nuclear imaging with nanomedicine is a powerful tool for efficient development and clinical translation of liposomal drug delivery systems. Furthermore, it may allow highly efficient imaging-guided personalised treatments. In this article, we critically review methods available for radiolabelling liposomes. We discuss the influence that the radiolabelling methods can have on their biodistribution and highlight the often-overlooked possibility of misinterpretation of results due to decomposition in vivo. We stress the need for knowing the biodistribution/pharmacokinetics of both the radiolabelled liposomal components and free radionuclides in order to confidently evaluate the images, as they often share excretion pathways with intact liposomes (e.g. phospholipids, metallic radionuclides) and even show significant tumour uptake by themselves (e.g. some radionuclides). Finally, we describe preclinical and clinical studies using radiolabelled liposomes and discuss their impact in supporting liposomal drug development and clinical translation in several diseases, including personalised nanomedicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Man
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Gawne
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael T M de Rosales
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, Strand Campus, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.
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Ali M, Sadhu B, Boda A, Tiwari N, Das A, Musharaf Ali SK, Bhattacharya D, Pandey BN, Kumar A. Thorium decorporation efficacy of rationally-selected biocompatible compounds with relevance to human application. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:952-961. [PMID: 30616306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During civil, nuclear or defense activities, internal contamination of actinides in humans and mitigation of their toxic impacts are of serious concern. Considering the health hazards of thorium (Th) internalization, an attempt was made to examine the potential of ten rationally-selected compounds/formulations to decorporate Th ions from physiological systems. The Th-induced hemolysis assay with human erythrocytes revealed good potential of tiron, silibin (SLB), phytic acid (PA) and Liv.52® (L52) for Th decorporation, in comparison to diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, an FDA-approved decorporation drug. This was further validated by decorporation experiments with relevant human cell models (erythrocytes and liver cells) and biological fluid (blood) under pre-/post-treatment conditions, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, density functional theory-based calculations and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of Th complex by these agents. Amongst the chosen biocompatible agents, tiron, SLB, PA and L52 hold promise to enhance Th decorporation for human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjoor Ali
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Biswajit Sadhu
- Radiation Safety Systems Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Anil Boda
- Chemical Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Nidhi Tiwari
- Atomic & Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Amit Das
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - S K Musharaf Ali
- Chemical Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Dibyendu Bhattacharya
- Atomic & Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Badri N Pandey
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India.
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Rezk MM. A Neuro-Comparative Study between Single/Successive Thorium Dose Intoxication and Alginate Treatment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:414-423. [PMID: 29594947 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The adult male albino rats were grouped into five groups (control group and four variably treated groups with thorium (Th) in single or successive with or without alginate treatment). The IP administration of thorium nitrate (13.6 mg/kg b.wt.) induced a regional distribution and accumulation ordered as cerebellum > cerebral cortex > brain stem > hippocampus > hypothalamus > striatum. Also, it induces a significant increase in Na+, Ca2+, and Fe3+ ion content and malondialdehyde (MDA) level while K+ ions and glutathione (GSH) level were significantly decreased. On the other hand, the daily oral administration of 5% alginate showed a significant decreasing in the accumulation of thorium in the different brain areas and mitigated its hazardous effects. By the alginate treatment, Na+, Ca2+, Fe3+, and level of MDA were declined while K+ ions and GSH level showed a significant increase. The improvement of the investigated parameters was attributed to the specific chelating, regeneration, and antioxidant properties of the alginate. So, alginate administration could ameliorate the hazardous effects of thorium nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Rezk
- Isotopes Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
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Grémy O, Miccoli L, Lelan F, Bohand S, Cherel M, Mougin-Degraef M. Delivery of DTPA through Liposomes as a Good Strategy for Enhancing Plutonium Decorporation Regardless of Treatment Regimen. Radiat Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1667/rr14968.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Grémy
- Laboratoire de RadioToxicologie, CEA, Université de Paris-Saclay, Bruyères le Châtel, France
| | - Laurent Miccoli
- Laboratoire de RadioToxicologie, CEA, Université de Paris-Saclay, Bruyères le Châtel, France
| | - Faustine Lelan
- Laboratoire de RadioToxicologie, CEA, Université de Paris-Saclay, Bruyères le Châtel, France
| | | | - Michel Cherel
- CRCINA, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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