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Almeida MFD, Mello S, Zonta MB, Crippa AC. Cerebral palsy and sleep: nonpharmacological treatment and impact on the life of caregivers - an integrative review. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2024; 82:1-9. [PMID: 38467393 PMCID: PMC10927367 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1781464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with cerebral palsy have a higher prevalence of sleep disorders, with numerous factors associated with a negative impact on the quality of life of caregivers. OBJECTIVE To identify factors related to sleep disorders, nonpharmacological treatment, and the impact on the lives of caregivers. METHODS The present literature review was carried out in the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (BIREME), the Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycInfo, WorldCat, Web of Science, Latin American Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), with the descriptors sleep, child, cerebral palsy, parents, and nursing. Studies available in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, published between 2010 and 2020, were our inclusion criteria. A total of 29 articles were included in the present review. RESULTS We considered nonpharmacological interventions effective support measures to drug-based treatments. The main sleep disorders in children with cerebral palsy are insomnia, parasomnias, nightmares, sleep bruxism, sleepwalking, sleep talking, disorders of initiation and maintenance of sleep, and sleep hyperhidrosis. Most studies point to a reduction in the quality of life of caregivers whose children have sleep disorders. CONCLUSION Our review suggests the effectiveness of nonpharmacological treatments combined with the use of medications. Measures such as changes in sleep environment and routine are favorable strategies to improve sleep quality. In addition, children with sleep disorders negatively impact the quality of life of their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzane Mello
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba PR, Brazil.
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2
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Mohammed SS, Abdelwahab MS, Zaky NA, Abdelazeim FH. Impact of mother's care burden, fatigue and child's functional level on quality of life in spastic cerebral palsy. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 29:e2067. [PMID: 38126239 DOI: 10.1002/pri.2067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral palsy (CP) may be considered one of the most common motor disabilities that require a lot of caregiving from mothers or caregivers; therefore, the mothers of children with CP face a lot of difficulties in their caregiving, which in turn may affect the child's quality of life (QOL). This work was conducted to evaluate the impact of the children's functional level in different types of spastic CP, mothers' care burden (CB), and fatigue on the child's QOL. METHODS One hundred thirty-eight children with different types of spastic CP (unilateral and bilateral) with different levels of the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), with an age range of 6-12 years, and their mothers with ages ranged from 25 to 45 years, participated in this study. Mother CB, fatigue, and child QOL were measured and compared between different groups by using the Zarit burden Interview (ZBI), Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire (CFQ), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) CP Module, respectively. RESULTS There were significant differences in all measured variables (ZBI, CFQ, GMFCS, and PedsQL) with p-value <0.001 among the different spastic groups (unilateral and bilateral CP). However, the results revealed a positive impact of the child's GMFCS, mother's CB, and fatigue level on the quality of the child's life, with a greater effect on those with quadriplegic type. CONCLUSION The mother's CB and fatigue should be considered in the rehabilitation of spastic CP children based on their GMFCS, as they have a negative impact on child QOL; therefore, helping the mother with her needs should not be ignored, especially in families with severely spastic CP children and low financial income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Mohammed
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal S Abdelwahab
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University and 6 October University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa A Zaky
- Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Faten H Abdelazeim
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University and 6 October University, Giza, Egypt
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Aduful AK, Boamah-Mensah F, Nyarko MY, Neizer ML, Brew YN, Williams LA, Calys-Tagoe BNL, Ackun HKM, Tette EMA. Family Needs Assessment of Patients with Cerebral Palsy Attending Two Hospitals in Accra, Ghana. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1313. [PMID: 37628312 PMCID: PMC10453618 DOI: 10.3390/children10081313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The family represents the most essential and supportive environment for children with cerebral palsy (CP). To improve children's outcomes, it is crucial to consider the needs of families in order to offer family-centered care, which tailors services to these needs. OBJECTIVE We conducted a needs assessment to identify the family needs of patients with CP attending two hospitals in Accra. METHODS The study was a cross-sectional study involving primary caregivers of children with CP attending neurodevelopmental clinics. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data spanning an 8-month period. The data were summarized, and statistical inference was made. RESULTS Service needs identified were childcare, counseling, support groups, financial assistance, and recreational facilities. Information needs included adult education, job training/employment opportunities, education, health and social programs, knowledge about child development, and management of behavioral and feeding/nutrition problems. Reducing extensive travel time was desirable to improve access to healthcare. With the increasing severity of symptoms came the need for improved accessibility in the home to reduce the child's hardship, as well as assistive devices, recreational facilities, and respite for the caregiver(s). CONCLUSION Families of children with CP have information, service, and access needs related to their disease severity and family context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abena K. Aduful
- Department of Family Medicine, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana
| | - Faye Boamah-Mensah
- Princess Marie Louise Children’s Hospital, Accra P.O. Box GP 122, Ghana (M.L.N.)
| | - Mame Yaa Nyarko
- Princess Marie Louise Children’s Hospital, Accra P.O. Box GP 122, Ghana (M.L.N.)
| | - Margaret L. Neizer
- Princess Marie Louise Children’s Hospital, Accra P.O. Box GP 122, Ghana (M.L.N.)
| | - Yvonne N. Brew
- Department of Child Health, Greater Accra Regional Hospital (GARH), Accra P.O. Box GP 473, Ghana
| | - Lovia A. Williams
- Department of Child Health, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana
| | | | - Henry K. M. Ackun
- Department of Family Medicine, Duffus Health Center, Halifax, NS B3M 3Y7, Canada
| | - Edem M. A. Tette
- Princess Marie Louise Children’s Hospital, Accra P.O. Box GP 122, Ghana (M.L.N.)
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana
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Demir OB, Yilmaz FT. Religious Coping and Fatalism on Perception of Care Burden in Caregivers of Patients with Cerebral Palsy in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional and Correlational Study. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10943-023-01814-7. [PMID: 37060387 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Providing care to a patient with cerebral palsy can have many negative impacts upon caregivers. This study was carried out to define caregiving burden in the caregivers of cerebral palsy patients and determine the relationships between religious coping, fatalism, and burden of care. This cross-sectional and correlational study included 132 caregivers. Data were obtained using the Religious Coping Scale, the Fatalism Scale, and the Caregiver Burden Scale. It was determined that 18.9% of the participants experienced a heavy care burden. The luck and pessimism dimensions of the Fatalism Scale were positively and weakly correlated with caregiving burden (p < 0.01), while there was no correlation between caregiving burden and positive or negative religious coping styles (p > 0.05). Perception of fatalism explained 10% of the total variance in caregiving burden (R = 0.329, R2 = 0.109, F = 5.195, p = 0.002). It is recommended that caregivers be supported by religious experts to strengthen positive religious coping styles and advisable fatalism perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feride Taskin Yilmaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Turkey.
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Liu F, Shen Q, Huang M, Zhou H. Factors associated with caregiver burden among family caregivers of children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065215. [PMID: 37012010 PMCID: PMC10083783 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify caregiver and children factors associated with caregiver burden on primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). DESIGN Systematic review DATA SOURCES: Seven electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL and Embase, were systematically searched up to 1 February 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Original observational studies reporting caregiver burden and related factors among caregivers of children with CP. DATA ABSTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently screened results and assessed the quality of studies. Title, abstract, full-text screening and data abstraction were done independently by two reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. The quality of evidence for factors was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS 16 articles were included in the review. All studies were cross-sectional and examined caregiver-reported burden measures. The Zarit Burden Interview was the most commonly used questionnaire. Depression of caregiver and severity of illness in children with CP were moderate quality of evidence for factors contributing to caregiver burden. CONCLUSIONS Higher caregiver burden is associated with more depressive feelings and worse life quality of the caregiver, and with more severe physical disability of the children. Future studies should focus on high-quality longitudinal research and appropriate assistance to reduce caregiver burden and improve the quality of caregiving for children with CP. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021268284.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Nursing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of ChongqingMedical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Nursing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Hengyu Zhou
- Nursing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Duray M, Dengiz A, Kavlak E, Tutar S. The Effects of Trunk Impairment on Fatigue and Balance in Children with Cerebral Palsy. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:1123-1138. [PMID: 36945131 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231165548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) involves trunk impairment, leading to decreased postural control that is an important contributor to problems maintaining daily activities without undue fatigue. Our aim in this research was to determine the effects of trunk impairment on fatigue and balance in children with hemiplegic CP. We included 65 ambulatory children with CP in this cross-sectional study, and we grouped them into those with greater trunk impairment (Group 1, n = 33) and lesser trunk impairment (Group 2, n = 32) according to their scores on the Trunk Imparment Scale (TIS). We assessed their fatique level using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0 Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL-MFS), and their balance ability using the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS). We found that the PedsQL-MFS parameters, except the general and cognitive fatigue scores, were significantly better for participants in Group 2 than in Group 1; however Group 2 showed significantly higher scores for balance ability than did Group 1 (p < .001). All of the TIS parameters were significantly correlated with sleep/rest fatigue, and PBS scores and trunk coordination were also significantly correlated with general fatigue (p = .013) and cognitive fatigue (p = .003) which are subparameters of the PedsQL-MFS and PBS (p < .001). However static balance was highly and negatively correlated with cognitive fatigue (p < .037).Increased trunk impairment contributed to the exacerbation of fatigue and balance problems in children with hemiplegic CP. Inadequate trunk control was associated with poor sleep and poor resting quality rather than perceived general and cognitive fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Duray
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, 52994Suleyman Demirel University, 32000 Isparta, Turkey
| | - Aziz Dengiz
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, Mus, 49100 Turkey
| | - Erdogan Kavlak
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Pamukkale University, 20160 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Serife Tutar
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, SÜ leyman Demirel University, 32000 Isparta, Turkey
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Araújo LMC, Guimarães-do-Carmo VJ, Andrade TGVS, Claudino SC, Soares DM, Melo RS. Musculoskeletal pain and quality of life in mothers of children with microcephaly, due to congenital Zika virus syndrome. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:268-280. [PMID: 35959527 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to observe the prevalence and intensity of musculoskeletal pain and the quality of life in mothers of children with microcephaly and also to compare the scores of the quality of life domains between mothers who had or did not have musculoskeletal pain. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that evaluated mothers of children with a clinical diagnosis of microcephaly, due to congenital Zika virus syndrome, in the state of Pernambuco, northeast region, Brazil. To assess musculoskeletal pain, the Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Symptoms was used, pain intensity was assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale and quality of life by the SF-36 Questionnaire. RESULTS Of the 63 mothers evaluated, 59 (93.7%) reported currently experiencing musculoskeletal pain. The lumbar spine was the body region with the highest prevalence of pain (77.8%), followed by the thoracic spine (57.1%) and cervical spine (50.8%). Pain intensity was higher in the lumbar spine (6.00 ± 0.47), thoracic spine (4.44 ± 0.52) and shoulders (3.81 ± 0.51). The domains that presented the lowest scores in the quality of life assessment were general health status (49.0 ± 3.19), emotional aspects (49.7 ± 5.88) and pain (49.7 ± 2.50). Mothers who had musculoskeletal pain had lower scores in all domains of quality of life assessment compared to mothers who did not have pain, demonstrating significant differences for functional capacity (P = 0.035), physical aspects (P = 0.047) and pain (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION A high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was observed in mothers of children with microcephaly, with a higher prevalence and intensity in the lumbar spine. The domains related to physical and emotional health presented the worst scores in the quality of life of the evaluated mothers and the presence of musculoskeletal pain reduced the quality of life of the mothers of children with microcephaly in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Diego Moura Soares
- Department of Dentistry, Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde (FPS), Recife, Brazil
| | - Renato S Melo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pediatric Studies, (LEPed), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
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Seroke S, Mkhize SW. Psychosocial experiences of mothers caring for children with cerebral palsy in the eThekwini district. Health SA 2023. [DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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9
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Mehdizadeh Behtash M, Mansuri B, Salmani M, Tohidast SA, Zarjini R, Scherer RC. Development and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the caregiver burden scale for parents of children who stutter (CBS-PCWS). JOURNAL OF FLUENCY DISORDERS 2022; 73:105921. [PMID: 35932583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2022.105921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Caring for a child who stutters can impose excessive pressure on parents. Caregiver burden affects many aspects of parents' lives. Paying attention to parents in the treatment of children who stutter (CWS) is important because parents play a key role in the treatment of CWS. The aim of the study was to develop the Caregiver Burden Scale for Parents of Children Who Stutter (CBS-PCWS) and investigate the psychometric properties of the CBS-PCWS. METHOD The CBS-PCWS was developed using interviews with 15 parents of CWS and a literature review. The content validity, face validity, construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and reliability of the CBS-PCWS were investigated. The content validity was evaluated using 10 experts' opinions. Face validity was determined using interviews with 10 parents of CWS. The reliability of the CBS-PCWS was evaluated through internal consistency and test-retest reliability. RESULTS The scale development resulted in the creation of 137 items. During an expert panel with the presence of the research team, 51 similar items were eliminated. During the qualitative content validity stage, nine items were added to the initial scale. After determining the content and face validity, the number of CBS-PCWS items was reduced to 52 items. In the construct validity stage using EFA with responses from 364 parents, eight items of the CBS-PCWS were removed due to low factor loadings. The results of the EFA indicated that the CBS-PCWS contained five factors: psychological and emotional, personal and physical, support for caregiving, culpability, and socio-communicative. The Cronbach's alpha values of the scale domains were in the 0.78-0.94 range. In addition, the ICC test-retest coefficient for the total score of the CBS-PCWS was 0.93 and for its domains was in 0.91-0.99 range. CONCLUSION The CBS-PCWS has 44 items with five domains and is a valid and reliable scale that can be used for clinical or research purposes. More studies are required to evaluate further psychometric properties of the CBS-PCWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mehdizadeh Behtash
- Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Banafshe Mansuri
- Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Salmani
- Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Seyed Abolfazl Tohidast
- Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Reyhaneh Zarjini
- Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ronald Callaway Scherer
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
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Atilgan ED, Tuncer A. The effects of breathing exercises in mothers of children with special health care needs:A randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:795-804. [PMID: 33896815 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Caring for a child with a disability affects musculoskeletal system pain, fatigue, sleep quality, and anxiety of the mothers. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of breathing exercises in mothers with chronic non-specific low back pain (NLBP). METHODS Forty-three mothers with chronic NLBP were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n= 23) and the control group (n= 20). The experimental group received breathing exercises with core stabilization exercises (BSET) for three sessions a week for 8 weeks, and the control group performed stabilization exercises (SET) only, for the same period. Pain severity, fatigue, anxiety, and sleep quality were evaluated before and after the treatment programs. RESULTS After the treatment programs, significant differences were observed in pain, fatigue, and sleep quality in both groups (p< 0.05). However, the BSET group showed a significantly better improvement in anxiety levels and sleep quality than the SET group (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The improvements in pain, fatigue and sleep quality were seen in both groups after treatment programs. It is recommended breathing exercises are added to core stabilization programs to provide greater improvements in anxiety level and sleep quality for mothers of children with disabilities, who have NLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Tuncer
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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11
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Senturk Y, Kirmizigil B, Tuzun EH. Effects of clinical Pilates exercises on cardiovascular endurance and psychosomatic parameters on primary caregivers of special needs children: A randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:853-864. [PMID: 33935055 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-191649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate the effects of clinical Pilates exercises (CPE), applied to the primary caregivers of special needs children, on cardiovascular endurance (CVE) and psychosomatic parameters in comparison to a control group. METHODS Fifty-five primary caregivers of special needs children, divided into two groups as the CPE and control groups, were included in the study. The six-minute walk test, the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Coping Orientation for Problems Experienced (COPE) Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to measure CVE, fatigue severity, attitudes toward coping with problems, depression levels and anxiety levels, respectively. RESULTS Statistically significant differences between the groups in favor of the CPE group were found concerning the denial parameter of COPE, fatigue (which was the primary outcome), depression and anxiety (all p values < 0.05). Statistically significant intragroup comparison differences were only detected in the CPE group in the fatigue, depression, anxiety and COPE (use of instrumental and emotional social support and focus on and venting of emotions) questionnaire results (all p values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CPE are an applicable and effective method for the primary caregivers of special needs children in improving psychosomatic parameters, albeit not effective for CVE. It is recommended to investigate the long-term effects of clinical Pilates exercises on a similar group.
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Hartley J, Bluebond-Langner M, Candy B, Downie J, Henderson EM. The Physical Health of Caregivers of Children With Life-Limiting Conditions: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics 2021; 148:peds.2020-014423. [PMID: 34155131 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-014423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Parental caregiving for a child with a life-limiting condition (LLC) is complex physical and mental work. The impact of this caregiving on parents' physical health is unknown. OBJECTIVES (1) To review existing evidence on the physical health of parents caring for a child with a LLC and (2) to determine how physical health of parents is measured. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched. STUDY SELECTION Peer-reviewed articles were included if they reported primary data on the physical health of a caregiver of a child with a LLC. Studies were excluded if they described only the caregiver's mental health or if the caregivers were bereaved at the time of data collection. DATA EXTRACTION Of 69 335 unique citations, 81 studies were included in the review. RESULTS Caregiver health was negatively impacted in 84% of studies. Pain and sleep disturbance were the most common problems. Ways of measuring the physical health of caregiver varied widely. We found an absence of in-depth explorations of the social and economic contexts, which could potentially mitigate the impact of caregiving. Furthermore, we find health interventions tailored to this group remain largely unexplored. LIMITATIONS Studies were heterogenous in methodology, making comparisons of results across studies difficult. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the need for improving access to interventions aimed at improving physical health in this population. The rate of health-seeking behaviors, preventive health care access and screening for health conditions is understudied and represent important directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hartley
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health.,Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Myra Bluebond-Langner
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health.,Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey, New Jersey
| | - Bridget Candy
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Downie
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, Great Ormond Street Hospital, National Health System Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Paediatric Supportive and Palliative Care Team, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen M Henderson
- Louis Dundas Centre for Children's Palliative Care, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health
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ÖZDEN F, ARIK A, ÖZKESKİN M, BAKIRHAN S. The Relationship Between Caregiver Workload and Stress Levels with Clinical Symptom Severity in Cerebral Palsy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISABILITIES SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2021; 4:38-44. [DOI: 10.33438/ijdshs.833840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the functional status, spasticity, motor function status of children with cerebral palsy and their caregivers' workload and stress levels. A single-center prospective cross-sectional study was carried out with 30 children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and their 30 caregivers. The clinical status of the children was assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), The Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). The caregivers' workload and stress levels were evaluated with Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), respectively. The mean age of the children was 11.46±7.45 years. In correlation analysis, the caregivers' BCOS score was related to the children's MAS score (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was a significant relationship between BCOS and PSS scores of the caregivers (p<0.05). Greater levels of spasticity in the children were associated with greater levels of workload. Stress level is higher in caregivers with a high workload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih ÖZDEN
- MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KÖYCEĞİZ SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, SAĞLIK BAKIM HİZMETLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, YAŞLI BAKIMI PR
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14
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Farajzadeh A, Dehghanizadeh M, Maroufizadeh S, Amini M, Shamili A. Predictors of mental health among parents of children with cerebral palsy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran: A web-based cross-sectional study. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 112:103890. [PMID: 33607484 PMCID: PMC9758061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caring for children with cerebral palsy (CP) for many aspects of their lives may affect caregiver's psychological health. Emergence of COVID-19 put added pressure on caregivers. AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological health of Iranian caregivers of children with CP and associated risks during a lockdown period. METHODS Using online snowball sampling, 160 caregivers of children with CP participated in this web-based cross-sectional study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4), Caregiver Difficulties Scale (CDS), and a demographic questionnaire were administered. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors related to caregiver psychological health. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Mental health problems were prevalent; (depression = 45.0% and anxiety = 40.6%). Significant correlations were found between CDS and HADS-Anxiety (r = 0.472, P < 0.001), HADS-depression (r = 0.513, P < 0.001), and perceived stress (PSS) related to COVID-19 (r = 0.425, P < 0.001). After controlling for demographic and clinical variables, burden (CDS) was found to significantly predict caregiver anxiety, depression and stress. Furthermore, several demographic characteristics (being married, low educational level and low income) were significantly related to high HADS Anxiety scores. For depression, only having a physical problem was significantly related to HADS among demographic variables. No significant correlations were found between PSS-4 and demographic variables. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS During COVID-19 outbreak, the mental health of caregivers of children with CP is affected by multiple factors such as burden of care and demographic characteristics. Due to the importance of well-being among caregivers of disabled children, a comprehensive plan including psychological consultation, remote education, or in-person handouts for the self-care or handling of the children and adequate distance support may enable better mental health for these caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ata Farajzadeh
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Moslem Dehghanizadeh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Saman Maroufizadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Malek Amini
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Aryan Shamili
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Senturk Y, Kirmizigil B, Tuzun EH. Effects of clinical Pilates on the fitness in people with children with disabilities: a randomized controlled trial. J Comp Eff Res 2021; 10:409-422. [PMID: 33709771 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2020-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to examine the effects of Clinical Pilates Exercises (CPE) on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Primary Caregivers. Patients & methods: Fifty-five participants were randomly divided into the CPE group and the Control group. Individuals in the CPE group performed CPE two-times a week for 8 weeks. Results: The intergroup comparisons showed that there were significant differences in favor of the CPE group in the sit-up test, body extension endurance, body flexion endurance, side bridge (right), squat test and flexibility tests (p < 0.05). The intragroup comparisons revealed significant differences in the CPE group in the sit-up test, body flexion endurance, side bridge (both sides), squat test and flexibility tests (p < 0.05). Conclusion: CPEs are effective on improvement of health-related fitness parameters in the primary caregivers of children with disabilities. Clinical trial registration number: NCT03729466.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazgi Senturk
- Department of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, via Mersin-10, Turkey
| | - Berkiye Kirmizigil
- Department of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, via Mersin-10, Turkey
| | - Emine H Tuzun
- Department of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, via Mersin-10, Turkey
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16
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Riquelme I, Sabater-Gárriz Á, Montoya P. Pain and Communication in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Influence on Parents' Perception of Family Impact and Healthcare Satisfaction. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020087. [PMID: 33513751 PMCID: PMC7912482 DOI: 10.3390/children8020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is an impacting chronic condition. Concomitant comorbidities such as pain and speech inability may further affect parents’ perception of the pathology impact in the family quality of life and the provided care. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was to compare parental reports on family impact and healthcare satisfaction in children with CP with and without chronic pain and with and without speech ability. Parents of 59 children with CP (age range = 4–18 years) completed several questions about pain and speech ability and two modules of the Pediatric Quality of Life Measurement Model: The PedsQLTM 2.0 Family Impact Module and the PedsQLTM Healthcare Satisfaction Generic Module. Our findings revealed that children’s pain slightly impacted family physical health, social health and worry. In children without pain, speech inability increased the perceived health impact. Parents’ healthcare satisfaction was barely affected by pain or speech inability, both increasing parents’ satisfaction in the professional technical skills and inclusion of family domains on the care plan. In conclusion, pain and speech inability in children with CP can impact family health but not healthcare satisfaction. Regular assessment and intervention in family health is essential for the design of family-centred programs for children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Riquelme
- Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (Á.S.-G.); (P.M.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-971-171-310; Fax: +34-971-172-309
| | - Álvaro Sabater-Gárriz
- Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (Á.S.-G.); (P.M.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Fundación Aspace Baleares, Ctra. Vieja de Bunyola, Km 8.2, 07141 Marratxí, Spain
| | - Pedro Montoya
- Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (Á.S.-G.); (P.M.)
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17
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Sonune S, Gaur A, Shenoy A. Prevalence of depression and quality of life in primary caregiver of children with cerebral palsy. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:4205-4211. [PMID: 35136790 PMCID: PMC8797085 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_70_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Parents' Reported Experiences When Having a Child with Cataract-Important Aspects of Self-Management Obtained from the Paediatric Cataract Register (PECARE). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176329. [PMID: 32878121 PMCID: PMC7503903 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Parents are a crucial part in the care of children with pediatric cataract. The aim of this study was to explore and explain sense of coherence, family self-efficacy, perceived social support, fatigue and parent reported experiences (PREM), in order to improve clinical care. Questionnaires were sent to the parents of children registered in the Swedish national Pediatric Cataract Register, PECARE, from 2006–2019 (n = 506). The response rate was 46% (n = 231), 185 mothers and 44 fathers with a mean age of 40.39 years (SD ± 6.41 years). In total, 38% of the parents reported severe fatigue, and mothers were more burdened than fathers. Sense of coherence was strongly related to fatigue, especially among parents of children with bilateral cataract. Mental fatigue and reduced motivation explained 45% of the variation in sense of coherence. Being taken seriously by the ophthalmological clinic explained over 60% of the variation in satisfaction with care when controlled for parents’ age and gender. In conclusion, fatigue is important to take in consideration when interacting with parents of children with cataract, especially those with bilateral cataract. Being taken seriously is the key marker of satisfaction with care and support from professionals. In addition to fatigue, the parents’ age and life situation affect how they perceive their own, as well as the professionals’ effort, and should be considered when tailoring family-centered care.
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Masoumi Z, Abdoli F, Esmaeilzadeh S, Sadeghi T. The Effect of Supportive-Training Intervention on the Burnout ofMothers with Disabled Child: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Caring Sci 2020; 9:133-139. [PMID: 32963981 PMCID: PMC7492970 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2020.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mothers with a disabled child experience excessive stress, fatigue, frustration, and depression. Failure of mothers to effectively deal with these symptoms can lead to chronic fatigue and, in the long run, burnout. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of supportive-training intervention on the burnout of mothers with disabled children. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 70 mothers with disabled children studying in special schools were selected in one of the urban areas of Iran. They were divided into two groups of intervention and control, using Minimization Random Method. In the intervention group, mothers participated in supportive-training sessions once a week for a period of 6 weeks. The control group did not receive any special interventions. The data collection tool was a demographic data form and Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ). Burnout was evaluated as primary outcome at the beginning of the study and one month after the end of the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18. Results: Based on the results, there was no significant difference between the mean score of burnout in the intervention and control groups before the intervention. However, after the intervention, the mean score of burnout in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of supportive-training intervention on the burnout of mothers of disabled children, this intervention is recommended by nurses and other health care providers in special schools, health centers, and supportive institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Masoumi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abdoli
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Departmen of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Tabandeh Sadeghi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,6Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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20
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Farajzadeh A, Maroufizadeh S, Amini M. Factors associated with quality of life among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Int J Nurs Pract 2020; 26:e12811. [DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ata Farajzadeh
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation SciencesIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saman Maroufizadeh
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyGuilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran
| | - Malek Amini
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation SciencesIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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21
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Irwin L, Jesmont C, Basu A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of interventions to improve psychological wellbeing in the parents of children with cerebral palsy. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 95:103511. [PMID: 31670025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) face unique demands and challenges, with potential negative impact on psychological wellbeing and consequences for both caregiver and child. Timely support could improve parental wellbeing. AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving the psychological wellbeing of caregivers of children with CP. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of interventions to improve the psychological well-being of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. Databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane) were searched for relevant English language publications between January 1990 and December 2017. Risk of bias was assessed including randomization, allocation concealment, incomplete outcome data and selective outcome reporting. OUTCOME AND RESULTS We included 13 studies (1293 participants, 1/3 with CP). Six studies investigated a positive parenting intervention; the other seven studies covered a range of other interventions. Meta-analysis of 7 studies (662 participants) showed that interventions significantly improved parental wellbeing (standardised mean difference -0.61, 95% CI -0.92 to -0.30, z = 3.84, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Limitations include small sample sizes and heterogeneity in study design; however, our results indicate that interventions can improve the wellbeing of parents of children with CP and should be made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Irwin
- School of Psychology/Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Ceit Jesmont
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Anna Basu
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University and Department of Paediatric Neurology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
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22
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Assessment of Anxiety and Depression in Polish Primary Parental Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy Compared to a Control Group, as well as Identification of Selected Predictors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214173. [PMID: 31671833 PMCID: PMC6862674 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Taking care of a child with Cerebral Palsy (CP) may be linked with adverse effects in the parents’ physical and mental health. The causes of anxiety and depression symptoms associated with childcare are still not fully understood. Aim: To assess the intensity of anxiety and depression symptoms in parents of children with CP compared to a control group and to identify selected mental health predictors. Design and Methods: Data were collected from 301 respondents, including 190 parents of children with CP (study group) and 111 parents taking care of children developing normally (control group). Intensity of anxiety and depression was rated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scale. Gross Motor Function Classification System for Cerebral Palsy (GMFCS), Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-29), Berlin Support Social Scales (BSSS) scales and a specially designed questionnaire were used to assess the predictors. The investigated variables included the children’s and the parents’ characteristics, as well as environmental factors. The analyses applied Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, M(SD) as well as multiple regression. Results: The level of anxiety and depression was clearly higher in the parents of children with CP–the mean levels of anxiety and depression in the study group and the controls amounted to 8.1 vs. 4.7 and 6.8 vs. 3.7, respectively. The factors associated with intensity of anxiety and depression in the parents of children with CP included lack of social support, mainly perceived and received support, unsatisfying parental health status, poor economic status of the family, as well as difficult living conditions, sense of coherence, loneliness, the parent’s gender, and the child’s intellectual disability. Conclusions: Identification of significant anxiety and depression predictors, understood as modifiable factors, should be considered in determining and planning comprehensive support for a child with CP and his/her primary parental caregiver.
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Abstract
Using Walker and Avant's approach, a concept analysis was performed to develop a working definition of caregiver fatigue. Defining attributes of caregiver fatigue identified were "fell into role" by default, outside the norm of role expectations, excess caregiving demand, and exposure to prolonged period of caregiving. Model, related, and contrary cases were developed. Antecedent, consequences, and empirical referent of caregiver fatigue were also identified. Lastly, a working definition of caregiver fatigue was developed.
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Kyeremateng JDA, Edusei A, Dogbe JA, Opoku MP, Nketsia W, Hammond C, Afriyie SA. Experiences of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy across the trajectory of diagnoses in Ghana. Afr J Disabil 2019; 8:577. [PMID: 31616620 PMCID: PMC6779979 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v8i0.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive disorder of posture or movement caused by a lesion to the developing brain that results in functional limitations. The diagnosis of CP can vary from one child to another, causing family stress because of vague and unknown outcomes of the disorder. Although there are negative attitudes in Ghanaian societies towards primary caregivers and children with disabilities, fewer attempts have been made to understand their experiences. OBJECTIVES The main aim of this study was to explore the experiences of primary caregivers across the trajectory of the diagnosis (before, during and after) of CP in the setting of a tertiary hospital. METHOD Using Social Capital Theory as framework, 40 primary caregivers of children with CP, who were receiving treatment at a major referral hospital in Ghana, were interviewed about their experiences before, during and after diagnosis. RESULTS The results that emerged from the thematic analysis were discussed as follows: experiences before diagnosis, experiences during the diagnosis and experiences after the diagnosis. Particularly, participants discussed their inability to access essential services such as education for their children with CP. CONCLUSION In light of systemic challenges faced by participants and their children with CP, the need for health policymakers to prioritise the public education about CP, promoting the well-being of caregivers and other implications of the study have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana D A Kyeremateng
- Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Anthony Edusei
- Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Joslin A Dogbe
- Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Child Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Maxwell P Opoku
- Faculty of Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - William Nketsia
- School of Education, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Charles Hammond
- Department of Child Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Sally A Afriyie
- Faculty of Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Albayrak I, Biber A, Çalışkan A, Levendoglu F. Assessment of pain, care burden, depression level, sleep quality, fatigue and quality of life in the mothers of children with cerebral palsy. J Child Health Care 2019; 23:483-494. [PMID: 31319696 DOI: 10.1177/1367493519864751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study were to evaluate pain, care burden, depression level, sleep quality, fatigue and quality of life (QoL) among a group of mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to compare their results with a group of healthy controls. The study involved 101 mothers who had children with CP and 67 mothers who had a healthy child as the control group. Pain, care burden, depression level, sleep quality, fatigue and QoL of all the participants were evaluated by the numerical rating scale, the Zarit care burden scale (ZCBS), the beck depression inventory (BDI), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the checklist individual strength (CIS) and the short form-36 (SF-36), respectively. Numerical rating scale value was 3.57 ± 2.96 in the patient group. When the two groups were compared, the CP group showed higher scores for ZCBS, BDI, PSQI, total CIS and SF-36 subscales of general health and vitality whereas the scores for role physical, role emotional, mental health and mental component summary were found to be lower in the patients, compared to the control group. Reducing caregiving burden of the mothers' by other family members and increasing psychosocial supports may help improve the mother's health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Albayrak
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayten Biber
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çalışkan
- 2 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Erzurum Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Funda Levendoglu
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
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26
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The evaluation of opinions of the parents of children with cerebral palsy on exercise therapy applied in Special Education and Rehabilitation Centers in rural areas. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 64:369-370. [PMID: 31453536 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2018.2892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Havaei N, Rezaei M, Rostami HR, Mohammadi A, Kashefimehr B, Mirzaei MJ. Occupational performance in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2019. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2018.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Caring for children with cerebral palsy may affect different domains in the caregiver's life. This study aimed to compare the occupational performance of mothers of a child who has cerebral palsy with mothers of a typically developing child. Methods A total of 41 mothers with a child who has cerebral palsy and 45 mothers with a typically developing child were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The age-matched mothers had only one child. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was used to collect data on the occupational performance and satisfaction of mothers. Findings There was a statistically significant between-group difference in maternal occupational performance and occupational satisfaction (P<0.05), with mothers of children with cerebral palsy reporting lower scores for both. There were no relationships between demographic variables and the occupational performance and satisfaction of mothers with a child with cerebral palsy (P>0.05). The age of children with cerebral palsy had a direct positive relationship with the mothers' level of occupational satisfaction (P<0.05). Conclusion Mothers who take care of a child with cerebral palsy face significant reductions in occupational performance and satisfaction compared to mothers with a typically developing child, and therefore may need help and education in performing and organising their daily activities and roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Havaei
- Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mandana Rezaei
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rostami
- Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mohammadi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Kashefimehr
- Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mirzaei
- Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Dogbe JA, Kyeremateng JDA, Opoku MP, Nketsia W, Hammond C. 'There is family tension, but they understand…': familial and sibling relationships following the diagnosis of cerebral palsy in children in Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 68:35-46. [PMID: 35173962 PMCID: PMC8843311 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2019.1573572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The challenges faced by parents raising children with cerebral palsy (CP) have been well explored in the literature. However, little attention has been paid to the experiences of parents raising children with CP in low-income countries, such as Ghana. OBJECTIVE Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore parents' experiences of raising children with CP, specifically focusing on the relationships between spouses and between children with CP and their typically developing siblings. METHOD Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 parents, who were purposively selected from the largest tertiary hospital in Ghana. RESULTS The results revealed that typically developing children accept their siblings with CP as their equals and even take up domestic responsibilities to lessen the burden on their parents. However, the parents reported experiencing marital and extended family conflict, financial burden and negative attitudes from spouses, resulting in family tensions. CONCLUSION The implications of these findings for policy-making have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joslin Alexei Dogbe
- Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Child Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Joana D. A. Kyeremateng
- Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - William Nketsia
- School of Education, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charles Hammond
- Department of Child Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi, Kumasi, Ghana
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Lee MH, Matthews AK, Park C. Determinants of Health-related Quality of Life Among Mothers of Children With Cerebral Palsy. J Pediatr Nurs 2019; 44:1-8. [PMID: 30683274 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Caring for a child with cerebral palsy (CP) can impact both the physical and mental health of parents. However, determinants associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in these parents have yet to be adequately examined. The study aims were to identify the determinants affecting HRQOL among mothers of children with CP. DESIGN AND METHODS Participants in this cross-sectional study (N = 180) were mothers of children with CP recruited from clinical and school-based settings in Korea. Variables examined were characteristics of child (demographic factors and disability parameter), mother (demographic factors, number of chronic conditions, health-promoting behaviors (HPB), and parenting stress), and environmental factors (use of personal assistant care, leisure time and social support). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the child, mother, and environmental factors associated with HRQOL. RESULTS The HRQOL results revealed that the physical HRQOL was higher than mental HRQOL in the sample. Longer length of disability of children and lower number of chronic conditions of mothers were significant factors of higher physical HRQOL. Lower parenting stress, more leisure time, engagement in HPB, and greater social support were significantly associated with higher mental HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS The levels of HRQOL of mothers of children with CP were very low and our findings suggest modifiable factors. Decreasing parenting stress, engaging in HPB, and providing social support should be considered when developing psychosocial intervention for this population. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Study results may inform programs aimed at health promotion, stress reduction, and QOL improvement among parents of children with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meen Hye Lee
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA.
| | - Alicia K Matthews
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chang Park
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Farajzadeh A, Amini M, Maroufizadeh S, Wijesinghe CJ. Caregiver Difficulties Scale (CDS): Translation and Psychometric Evaluation Among Iranian Mothers of Cerebral Palsy Children. Occup Ther Health Care 2018; 32:28-43. [PMID: 29351517 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2017.1422607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate of psychometric properties of the Caregiver Difficulties Scale (CDS) for Iranian caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). After a forward-backward translation, the Persian version of CDS (P-CDS) was administered to 151 Iranian mothers of CP children. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to measure the factor structure of P-CDS. The reliability was evaluated by examining internal consistency and test-retest method over a 2-week period using Cronbach's alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. The construct validity was assessed by measuring the association between the scores of the P-CDS and Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), the Beck Depression Index (BDI II), and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The fit indices showed that the original model of CDS was relatively adequate (χ2/df = 2.03, CFI = 0.90, TLI = 0.88 and RMSEA = 0.08). All domains of P-CDS met the minimum reliability standards (Cronbach'salpha and ICC > 0.7). All subscales of P-CDS were positively correlated with the CBS, BDI-II and FSS and negatively correlated with the WHOQOL-BREF. The results showed that P-CDS is a valid and reliable measure for assessing the burden of care in Iranian mothers of CP children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ata Farajzadeh
- a Department of Occupational Therapy , School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Malek Amini
- a Department of Occupational Therapy , School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Saman Maroufizadeh
- b Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center , Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR , Tehran , Iran
| | - Champa J Wijesinghe
- c Department of Community Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna , Matara , Sri Lanka
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