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López M, Mira A, Mauricia D, Acevedo P, Lopez R, Molina P, Gutiérrez L, de Billerbeck E, Breinbauer C. Are children under five with disabilities' educational rights acknowledged and supported in Chile? Front Public Health 2024; 12:1304152. [PMID: 38560435 PMCID: PMC10979822 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1304152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio López
- Millennium Nucleus Studies on Disability and Citizenship (DISCA), Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Mira
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Mauricia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Development, Center for Healthy Development, Round Hill, VA, United States
| | - Paulina Acevedo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Development, Center for Healthy Development, Round Hill, VA, United States
| | - Ruth Lopez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Development, Center for Healthy Development, Round Hill, VA, United States
| | | | | | - Eloisa de Billerbeck
- Department of Child and Adolescent Development, Center for Healthy Development, Round Hill, VA, United States
| | - Cecilia Breinbauer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Development, Center for Healthy Development, Round Hill, VA, United States
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Paz S, Alfano AR, Medina AM, Hayes T. Speech-language pathologists' perceptions of childhood bilingualism. Clin Linguist Phon 2024; 38:1-20. [PMID: 36592039 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2022.2152729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The value of learning multiple languages has increased in the past 20 years. Despite this, some professionals continue to provide misinformation about bilingualism to many families around the United States, resulting in recommendations of implementing a monolingual approach for children. This study investigated the perceptions held by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) regarding childhood bilingualism. A total of 320 SLPs completed a survey stating their perceptions on childhood bilingualism for typically developing children and children with disabilities. Based on the number of responses, 292 participants were analysed quantitatively utilising a binary logistic regression to identify whether SLPs thought childhood bilingualism was advantageous or neutral, while incorporating the predictors of bilingual status and bilingualism education received. Additionally, a qualitative content analysis was conducted on 173 participants' responses to an open-ended question about their perceptions on childhood bilingualism. Results revealed that SLPs' bilingual status did not predict the probability of an advantageous perception for typically developing children, but it did for children with disabilities; however, SLPs who had received bilingualism education had a higher probability of having advantageous perceptions in both populations. Qualitative results revealed the use of appraisals related to multiple themes. This study served to understand the thoughts of SLPs in relation to the education they are providing to parents and the services they are providing to different populations - whether it be typically developing children or children with disabilities. There are implications for bilingual and cultural-linguistic education to be implemented across graduate programmes to ensure that optimal services are provided to the diverse groups in our case loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherlie Paz
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alliete R Alfano
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Angela M Medina
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Timothy Hayes
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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Abstract
Children with disabilities or specialized healthcare needs were legally excluded from U.S. public education for decades, but in the last 45 years, they have gained tremendous ground in receiving comparable educational opportunities as their non-disabled peers. The purpose of this article is to provide a historical review of the educational laws which affect children with disabilities, so that school nurses who work with these children understand the impact of these laws and the resulting changes in school nursing practice. Review of the United States' educational history provides school nurses the working background necessary to recognize their key role to support the education of children with disabilities and to advocate for these children's educational rights with their parents, school officials and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Nighswander
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch of Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Patricia A Blair
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch of Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States
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Antoniadou M, Granlund M, Andersson AK. Strategies Used by Professionals in Pediatric Rehabilitation to Engage the Child in the Intervention Process: A Scoping Review. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38213190 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2023.2290038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate strategies used by professionals in pediatric rehabilitation to engage children in every step of the intervention process, including assessment, goal setting, planning and implementation of the intervention, and results evaluation. METHODS A scoping literature review was conducted, and seven databases were searched, including CINAHL and MEDLINE, ProQuest Central, PsycINFO, Social Science Premium Collection, PubMed, and Web of Science. A citation search of included articles was completed. Predetermined criteria, quality standards, and PIO framework guided the selection process. Results were presented in relation to Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and the contextual model of therapeutic change. RESULTS In total, 20 studies were included in the review. Pediatric professionals reported that therapeutic use of self and their own engagement in the intervention facilitated the establishment of a supportive relationship. Providing clear explanations about their role and therapy rationale developed positive expectations. By making the child feel successful within-session and outside-session activities, professionals enhanced child mastery. Professionals' strategies were abstractly described. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to investigate strategies that are effective in the different steps of the intervention. More observational, longitudinal studies are required to capture fluctuations in in-session engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Antoniadou
- CHILD, School of Education and Communication, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Mats Granlund
- CHILD, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Mental Health, Norway University of Natural Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Dabiri Golchin M, Ripat J, Verdonck M. Assistive technology to facilitate children's play: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38166593 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2023.2298825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Play is a fundamental human right and one of the most important occupations in children's lives. Fewer opportunities exist for children with physical disabilities (CWPD) to play. This study aimed to conduct a scoping review of published peer-reviewed literature on using AT to enable "play-for-the-sake-of-play" by CWPD. METHOD The review was conducted using a widely accepted scoping review methodology. Literature searches were conducted from January 2000 to March 2022 using MEDLINE, Central, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus, and EMBASE. Pairs of reviewers used an online systematic review system to manage title, abstract, and full-text screening. Excel was used for data extraction and charting. Data was charted based on type of AT, play types according to LUDI definitions, and level of evidence. RESULTS The search yielded 5250 papers after the removal of duplicates. Title and abstract screening identified 58 studies for full-text screening. The final sample included 31 papers. Seven types of AT were identified in studies: power mobility, virtual reality, robots, adaptations for upper limb differences, switch-adapted games, augmentative and alternative communication devices, and mobility aids. Twenty-three papers addressed cognitive play, seven addressed social play, and one addressed both cognitive and social play. Most studies used case study, descriptive, or repeated measures designs. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence regarding the use of AT to support play-for-the-sake-of-play in CWPD. Given the importance of play, further research using rigorous methodologies and the development of assistive technology dedicated to promoting play-for-the-sake-of-play is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Dabiri Golchin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jacquie Ripat
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Michèle Verdonck
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
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Felix JB, de Campos AC, Logan SW, Machado J, Souza Monteiro K, Longo E. Go Zika Go: feasibility study with modified motorized ride-on cars for the mobility of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38166551 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2023.2300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the feasibility of an intervention using modified ride-on cars in terms of acceptability and potential changes in goal attainment, mobility, social function, and participation of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A pre- and post-intervention feasibility study was conducted with children with CZS, levels IV and V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The intervention consisted of 12 weeks of training (3 times a week for 40 min per session) and 4 weeks of follow-up. The primary outcomes included adherence, satisfaction, and learning in mobility. Secondary outcomes encompassed goal attainment, mobility, social/cognitive function, and participation. Descriptive statistics were performed. To explore potential individual changes with the intervention, Wilcoxon test was used to analyze Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) data and Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM)/Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY), along with standard error measurements of the PEDI-CAT domains. RESULTS Four children participated (median age 4.75 years; two females: three at level V on the GMFCS). Adherence was 75% of the total intervention time, and family members reported being satisfied or very satisfied. Children showed gains in learning the use of the modified ride-on cars and an increase in goal attainment after the intervention. Individual changes were observed in the PEDI-CAT domains (mobility and social/cognitive), but there were no significant changes in participation outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Children with CZS at GMFCS levels IV and V can learn to use motorized ride-on cars, attainment goals, and experience satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bendito Felix
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | | | - Samuel W Logan
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Julianne Machado
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Karoline Souza Monteiro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Egmar Longo
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
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Eichengreen A, van Rooijen M, van Klaveren LM, Nasri M, Tsou YT, Koutamanis A, Baratchi M, Rieffe C. The impact of loose-parts-play on schoolyard social participation of children with and without disabilities: A case study. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13144. [PMID: 37322578 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor social participation in the school playground is crucial for children's socio-emotional and cognitive development. Yet, many children with disabilities in mainstream educational settings are not socially included within their peer group. We examined whether loose-parts-play (LPP), a common and cost-effective intervention that changes the playground play environment to enhance child-led free play, can promote social participation for children with and without disabilities. METHOD Forty-two primary school children, out of whom three had hearing loss or autism, were assessed for two baseline and four intervention sessions. We applied a mixed-method design, combining advanced sensors methodology, observations, peer nominations, self-reports, qualitative field notes and an interview with the playground teachers. RESULTS Findings indicated for all children a decrease during the intervention in social interactions and social play and no change in network centrality. Children without disabilities displayed also an increase in solitude play and in the diversity of interacting partners. Enjoyment of LPP was high for all children, yet children with disabilities did not benefit socially from the intervention and became even more isolated compared with baseline level. CONCLUSIONS Social participation in the schoolyard of children with and without disabilities did not improve during LPP in a mainstream setting. Findings emphasize the need to consider the social needs of children with disabilities when designing playground interventions and to re-think about LPP philosophy and practices to adapt them to inclusive settings and goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adva Eichengreen
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin van Rooijen
- Department of Education, University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maedeh Nasri
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yung-Ting Tsou
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Koutamanis
- Department of Management in the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mitra Baratchi
- Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Rieffe
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Media Interaction, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
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Jacobs L, Gleason D, Gissara D, Congdon N, Smith G, Xu P. Collaboration of health and education sectors drives equity for children with complex disabilities in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1292491. [PMID: 38026362 PMCID: PMC10661929 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1292491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical professionals often find it challenging to assess children having both complex disabilities and visual impairment, which may lead to excluding such children from educational programs and limiting their full participation in family and community activities. Identification and assessment of these children are essential to close this exclusion gap. A five-year project in Shanxi province, China, provided comprehensive training to eye health providers and educators as they learned to assess, identify, refer and serve children with visual impairments, both with and without complex disabilities. A team of teachers, vision and general healthcare providers worked to assess the vision of these children at schools, residential settings, and in homes throughout Shanxi. The project led to deep collaboration between Shanxi's health and education sectors, and established replicable precedents for policy and system changes toward the inclusion of children with complex disabilities and visual impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Jacobs
- Perkins School for the Blind, Watertown, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Nathan Congdon
- Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - George Smith
- Orbis International, New York, NY, United States
| | - Peter Xu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China
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Xia C, Wei T, Tang Q, Zheng H, Sun M, Chen G, Lv J. Anxiety, Depression, Quality of Life, and Family Support Among Family Caregivers of Children with Disabilities. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:5063-5075. [PMID: 37942475 PMCID: PMC10629400 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s434900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the family support, anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and their associations among parents and grandparents of children with disabilities. Methods This is a cross-sectional study and a total of 327 family caregivers were included. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and two independent t-test were used to identify the intergenerational differences in sociodemographic characteristics, received family support, anxiety, depression, and HRQoL. Eight generalized linear models were developed to examine the associations in both generations. Results Parents and grandparents were most in need of rehabilitation and financial support, but both populations received the least amount of financial support. 33.6% and 36.1% of family caregivers had the risk of anxiety and depression and found no significant intergenerational differences. As for HRQoL, intergenerational differences were found in the physical component score, but not found in the mental component score. Among parents, childcare support of respite care and household tasks assistance was negatively associated with their depression (p<0.05), professional support of appropriate surgery for children (p<0.05) and psychological support from professional psychologists (p<0.01) were negatively associated with their anxiety and depression, psychological support from relatives and friends was negatively associated with their depression (p<0.05) whereas was positively associated with their mental HRQoL (p<0.01). As for grandparents, financial support for daily living expenses was negatively associated with depression (p<0.05), and psychological support from families was negatively associated with depression (p<0.05) whereas was positively associated with mental HRQoL (p<0.05). However, no relationship was found between family support and anxiety among grandparents. Notably, no association was found between family support and physical HRQoL among both populations. Conclusion Both parents and grandparents had high risks of anxiety, depression and low levels of mental HRQoL. To efficiently improve psychological health, care providers and policymakers may consider intergenerational differences and provide targeted family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xia
- School of Health Management Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Wei
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Tang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongying Zheng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Sun
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Lv
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Herbell K, Graaf G. Parents' Perspectives in Accessing Psychiatric Residential Treatment for Children and Youth: Differential Experiences by Funding Source. Child Youth Serv Rev 2023; 154:107148. [PMID: 37841201 PMCID: PMC10569116 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective There are well-documented disparities in access to mental health care for children and youth with significant behavioral health needs. Few studies that explored the differential experiences of families who use private vs public sources of financing (i.e., insurance and funding) in accessing residential treatment (RT) for children and youth. This study aimed to examine the lived experiences of families accessing psychiatric residential treatment (RT) and contextualize these experiences based on source of financing. Methods Twenty parents completed two interviews about their experiences with RT including the process for gaining access, length of stay, and aftercare. Parents were also asked about barriers (e.g., custody relinquishment), and facilitators (e.g., policies in the state) to accessing RT. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results There were three distinct groups of families in the study. The first group includes lower income families whose children had public health coverage before needing RT. The second group comprises middle-income families whose children had private coverage but lived in states where there were no RTs that accepted private insurance or private payment and who did not have the means to send their child to RT in another state. The final group included higher income families with private insurance and enough private resources to overcome the limitations of insurance and state policies. This study illuminates key barriers and hardships for families accessing RT: 1) waiting long waiting periods and navigating complex systems; 2) inadequate lengths of stay; and 3) inadequate aftercare and support in the community transition. Conclusions This study is among the first to examine how access to RT differs by whether a family has access to public or private resources. Taken together, these findings support the importance of insurance and financing for families accessing RT for their children and the need for systemic changes in policies and practices to reduce disparities in access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Herbell
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing 1585 Neil Ave Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Genevieve Graaf
- The University of Texas at Arlington 701 S. Nedderman Dr Arlington, TX 76019
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Long T, Guo J. Moving beyond Inclusion to Belonging. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6907. [PMID: 37887645 PMCID: PMC10606306 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the concepts of inclusion, participation, and belonging in the context of development for children with disabilities. The importance of creating an environment that embraces diversity, encourages active engagement, and nurtures a sense of belonging for children is discussed. The authors provide insights into the benefits of inclusive practices, strategies to enhance participation, and methods to foster a sense of belonging in children with disabilities. The authors argue that service providers and service systems must move beyond fostering social inclusion and inclusive education, although emphasized globally, and focus on promoting participation and ultimately belonging to ensure that children with disabilities are full members of their communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby Long
- Center for Child and Human Development, Georgetown University, 2115 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Xia C, Wei T, Tang Q, Zheng H, Chen G, Lu J. Depression and Associated Factors among Family Caregivers of Children with Disabilities: Analysis of Intergenerational Differences. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2693. [PMID: 37830730 PMCID: PMC10572526 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Family caregivers of children with disabilities might face high risks of depression, whereas the existing literature focused more on parents neglecting grandparents. This study investigated 380 parents and 108 grandparents of children with disabilities to identify depression and associated factors. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multivariable logistic regression were performed to describe the participants' characteristics and risks of depression and identify significant factors. Results showed that parents (35.5%) had higher risks of depression than grandparents (32.4%), but statistical differences were not found. Children's sleep problems (AOR = 1.751, 95%CI = 1.019, 3.008), harmonious family relationships (AOR = 0.694, 95%CI = 0.569, 0.846), and better barrier-free construction (AOR = 0.742, 95%CI = 0.568, 0.970) were significantly associated with depression among parents. As for grandparents, higher education (AOR = 4.108, 95%CI = 1.526, 11.057) and caring for children who experience frequent mood swings (AOR = 2.242, 95%CI = 1.161, 4.329) were associated with higher risks of depression. Further, house ownership (AOR = 0.167, 95%CI = 0.031, 0.887), higher family cohesion (AOR = 0.545, 95%CI = 0.297, 1.000), and better barrier-free construction (AOR = 0.401, 95%CI = 0.185, 0.869) were associated with lower odds of depression. Therefore, both parents and grandparents of children with disabilities had high risks of depression and thus required urgent attention. Healthcare providers and policymakers should develop and implement interventions considering intergenerational differences to reach optimal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xia
- School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China;
| | - Ting Wei
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Tang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongying Zheng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.)
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Du Y, Lubniewski K, Price L, Breslin G, Thomson P, Jinadasa N, Soni N. "They Can't Believe They're a Tiger": Insights from pediatric speech-language pathologist mobile app users and app designers. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2023; 58:1717-1737. [PMID: 37219400 DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with communication disorders experience difficulty in one or more areas of articulation and speech, language, fluency, voice and social communication, and they work with speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to improve their communication. With the rise of adoption and use for mobile applications among special education and healthcare service providers, SLPs also have implemented, and for some, contributed to the design of, mobile applications (apps) during clinical practice. However, how these mobile apps are designed and implemented for clinicians to facilitate their clients' communication and learning experiences during therapy remains underinvestigated. AIMS This qualitative research study investigated how mobile apps were designed for clinicians to target assessment and intervention goals. Additionally, it focused on how clinicians adopted these apps while integrating therapy techniques to facilitate their clients' learning. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Informed by the Research, Practice, and Design for iPad Apps (iRPD) framework and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 licensed pediatric SLPs, including 23 SLPs who have used apps and 14 SLPs who have contributed to the design of their own mobile apps. Two rounds of qualitative coding via template analysis and thematic analysis were then used to analyse client and clinician characteristics, clinical practice, therapy tools, app characteristics, influential factors and app design and use recommendations. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Results showed SLPs utilise different genres of assistive, educational and recreational game apps to support children's communication development when working with children who have diverse disorders and therapy needs across different age groups. SLPs who have designed their own apps emphasised the importance of following evidence-based practice, well-researched teaching methods and learning theories. Additionally, multiple financial, sociocultural, political and ethical factors contributed to the design, adoption and implementation of mobile apps during services. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS By understanding the clinician's app use practices situated in various therapy activities and techniques, we specified a list of design recommendations for app designers who are interested in creating mobile apps for supporting children's speech and language development. By bringing insights from both clinical practitioners as well as those with additional technical design backgrounds, this study contributes to the understanding of clinical practice needs and strategies and will lead to the most optimal app design and adoption practice to support the well-being of children with communication disorders. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on the subject Speech language pathologist (SLPs) implement mobile apps for clients with diverse therapy needs, and their app adoption and use are influenced by multifaceted factors. Although prior studies have reported SLPs' mobile app use, additional information is still needed. For example, the research literature does not include how specific technology is used during therapy practice, or specific details about challenges and needs in implementing and utilising the technology. Additional research also needs to include influential factors (e.g., financial, sociocultural, political, ethical) that are considered when selecting, implementing, assessing and designing an app. The lack of research in these areas directly affects the understanding of clinical mobile technology practices and further hinders clinicians' abilities to advocate for better clinical and design decisions towards identifying and implementing effective mobile apps that facilitate children's communication. What this study adds to existing knowledge This qualitative study is the first known empirical research that interviewed pediatric speech-language pathologists who have used and designed mobile apps for children who receive speech-language therapy across different clinical settings. By investigating experiences from clinician stakeholders to illustrate a holistic overview of app design and development to deployment, this study reported finding on (1) how clinicians use mobile apps to help children to participate in different therapy activities, and (2) a list of recommended design and development guidelines that informs the design and use of mobile apps that best support and motivate children to engage in therapy. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? This study disseminates clinician-reported practices of app design and use with pediatric clients across different speech-language disorders, and identifies gaps and needs for clinicians and researchers who are interested in understanding the role of mobile technology in relationship to human communication and interaction. Additionally, the paper demonstrates that SLPs have instrumental roles rather than passive users in influencing the design and implementation of different genres of mobile apps through evidence-based clinical practice, and call for partnerships across clinicians, special educators and technologists to support children's communication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Du
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathryn Lubniewski
- Department of Special Education, School of Education, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lori Price
- Apple Tree Speech, Bellevue, Washington, USA
| | - Grace Breslin
- Department of Speech Language Pathology, School of Education, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey, USA
| | - Paula Thomson
- Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, Saddle Brook, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Nikita Soni
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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14
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Movahed M, Martial L, Poldma T, Slanik M, Shikako K. Promoting Health through Accessible Public Playgrounds. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1308. [PMID: 37628308 PMCID: PMC10453442 DOI: 10.3390/children10081308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Every child, irrespective of socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or ability, deserves the fundamental right to experience play, which is a powerful and enriching activity that fosters their physical and mental health. Regrettably, most public play spaces hinder the complete inclusion of children with disabilities, with the main reason being a lack of universal accessibility. This study identified existing international and Canadian policies and community best practices related to inclusive playgrounds, and gathered stakeholders' opinions on the present condition of playgrounds, including challenges faced by children with disabilities and recommendations to make playgrounds inclusive. The questionnaires were completed by 97 participants. In addition, 10 individual interviews and three focus groups were performed. Ten policy documents and five community best practices were found. Our investigation identified factors that influence the design and implementation of inclusive playgrounds, categorized into three main areas: physical, social, and political environments. The results indicate that children with disabilities lack opportunities to engage fully in the physical and social aspects of playgrounds and spontaneous play activities with their peers. Notably, children with multiple disabilities may not feel welcomed or included in existing public play spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Movahed
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada; (M.M.)
| | - Luca Martial
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada; (M.M.)
| | - Tiiu Poldma
- School of Design, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Monica Slanik
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada; (M.M.)
| | - Keiko Shikako
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada; (M.M.)
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15
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Sulaimani GH, Kamel S, Alotaibi G, Telmesani N. Quality of Life Among Family Caregivers of Disabled Children in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e41320. [PMID: 37539394 PMCID: PMC10395756 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physical and mental health of parents can be adversely affected by their child's disability, leading to a potential decline in their overall Quality of Life (QoL). This research aimed to determine the QoL of family caregivers and compare this based on sociodemographic factors and child characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS An analytical cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected from multiple rehabilitation centers for children with special needs and learning disorders in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study sample comprised 95 family caregivers who completed a self-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included sections on sociodemographic characteristics, child characteristics, and caregivers' QoL assessed using the RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The collected data were analyzed using the IBM Corp. Released 2022. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 29.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp, employing descriptive statistics and multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS Our findings revealed that the overall mean QoL score among caregivers was 57, ranging from 12 to 94. There were no statistically significant differences in QoL scores based on caregivers' age, gender, occupational status, or income. However, further analysis indicated significant associations between certain factors and specific domains of QoL. Specifically, caregiver education was found to be associated with role limitations due to emotional problems, while relationships with disabled children were linked to emotional well-being. The severity of the child's disability and the presence of another child with a disability in the family were associated with the bodily pain domain. Additionally, the presence of another child with a disability had an impact on perceived change in the health domain. CONCLUSIONS The QoL of family caregivers varied, highlighting the significant challenges faced by certain individuals. Factors such as education level, the relationship with the child, the severity of the disability, and the presence of multiple disabled children in the family were identified as influencing caregivers' QoL. These findings emphasize the importance of developing targeted interventions that can address emotional well-being and fatigue management while promoting a supportive society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghofran H Sulaimani
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Shady Kamel
- Saudi Field Epidemiology Training Program, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ghadi Alotaibi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nada Telmesani
- Neurological Service of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Nantes Université, Nantes, FRA
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16
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Bonder R, Ball GDC, Buchholz A, Giles ML, Morrison KM, McPherson AC. Weight Management for Children With Disabilities: Exploring the Perspectives of Health Care Professionals Working in Pediatric Weight Management Clinics in Canada. Child Obes 2023. [PMID: 37347912 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Background: Children with disabilities are twice as likely to have overweight/obesity than their typically developing peers. Higher weights in these individuals may compound challenges already experienced with their disability, including mobility and activities of daily living. However, children with disabilities often find it challenging accessing weight management care. It is therefore important to understand the experiences and needs of the health care professionals (HCPs) who work in specialized pediatric weight management clinics about providing weight-related care to children with disabilities. Methods: Employing an interpretive description approach, purposeful sampling was used to recruit 17 HCP participants working in pediatric weight management settings in Canada. Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted online or via telephone. All interview recordings were transcribed and a reflexive thematic analysis approach was used to develop themes from the data. Results: Four themes were developed: (1) infrequent referrals leads to a lack of experience with children with disabilities; (2) adapting group-based clinics can be challenging; (3) perceived lack of disability-specific knowledge causes moral distress; and (4) disability-specific training and greater interdisciplinary collaboration are desired. Conclusions: This work identifies the urgent need for more evidence-based, specialized, weight-related treatment options for children with disabilities, as well as more support for HCPs working in existing programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revi Bonder
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoff D C Ball
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Annick Buchholz
- Centre for Healthy Active Living, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madison L Giles
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine M Morrison
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy C McPherson
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Magidigidi L, Roman NV, Sonn IK. Human capabilities of South African parents who have children with developmental disabilities. Afr J Disabil 2023; 12:1155. [PMID: 37435192 PMCID: PMC10331022 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v12i0.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parenting a child with a developmental disability (DD) has a substantial influence on the lives of the parents or caregivers, as well as on how the family operates. This is frequently because of the adjustments in some daily practices that are crucial for parents' or caregivers' human capabilities to provide for childcare. There is not enough research done on human capabilities of parents or children with DD in South Africa. Objectives This study investigated the available support in improving the human capabilities of parents or caregivers with children with DD and the bodily health and bodily integrity human capabilities of parents or caregivers with children with DD. Method Qualitative interviews were conducted with 11 parents or caregivers of children aged between 1 and 8 years old with DD. This study used snowball sampling. Thematic data analysis was chosen to analyse the data collected. Results The results of the study indicate that participants have difficulties bringing up their children because of the emotional strain that goes along with parenting a child with DD. In addition, participants were not able to afford decent and satisfactory shelter and had limited access to good quality food because they could not afford it. Conclusion A lack of social support and care burden influences parents' or caregivers' ability to raise their child with developmental disability. Contribution The study contains helpful information about families of children with DD in under-resourced locations. The information may be of significance to policymakers who are accountable for designing and executing policies that are targeted at assisting parents or caregivers of children with DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumka Magidigidi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Families and Society, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicolette V. Roman
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Families and Society, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Inge K. Sonn
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Families and Society, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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18
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Gerbarg PL, Dickson F, Conte VA, Brown RP. Breath-centered virtual mind-body medicine reduces COVID-related stress in women healthcare workers of the Regional Integrated Support for Education in Northern Ireland: a single group study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1199819. [PMID: 37377478 PMCID: PMC10291294 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1199819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers endured prolonged stress affecting their psychological well-being. Objectives: (1) Evaluate the effects of the Breath-Body-Mind Introductory Course (BBMIC) on COVID-related stress among employees of the Regional Integrated Support for Education, Northern Ireland, (2) Reduce the risk of adverse effects from COVID-related stress, and (3) Evaluate the effects of BBMIC on indicators of psychophysiological states and the consistency with hypothesized mechanisms of action. Methods In this single group study, a convenience sample of 39 female healthcare workers completed informed consent and baseline measures: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Stress Overload Scale-Short (SOS-S), and Exercise-Induced Feelings Inventory (EFI). Following the online BBMIC 4 h/day for 3 days and the 6 week solo (20 min/day) and group practice (45 min weekly), repeat testing plus the Indicators of Psychophysiological State (IPSS) and Program Evaluation were obtained. Results Baseline (T1) mean PSS score was significantly elevated compared to a normative sample: PSS = 18.2 vs. 13.7 (p < 0.001) and improved significantly 11 weeks post-BBMIC (T4). SOS-S mean score declined from 10.7(T1) to 9.7 at 6 week post-test (T3). The SOS-S proportion of High Risk scores found in 22/29 participants (T1), dropped to 7/29 (T3). EFI mean subscale scores improved significantly from T1 to T2 and T3 for Revitalization (p < 0.001); Exhaustion (p < 0.002); and Tranquility (p < 0.001); but not Engagement (p < 0.289). Conclusion Among RISE NI healthcare workers affected by COVID-related stress, participation in the BBMIC significantly reduced scores for Perceived Stress, Stress Overload, and Exhaustion. EFI Revitalization and Tranquility scores significantly improved. More than 60% of participants reported moderate to very strong improvements in 22 indicators of psychophysiological state, e.g., tension, mood, sleep, mental focus, anger, connectedness, awareness, hopefulness, and empathy. These results are consistent with the hypothesized mechanisms of action whereby voluntarily regulated breathing exercises change interoceptive messaging to brain regulatory networks that shift psychophysiological states of distress and defense to states of calmness and connection. These positive findings warrant validation in larger, controlled studies to extend the understanding of how breath-centered Mind-body Medicine practices could mitigate adverse effects of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L. Gerbarg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Felicity Dickson
- Regional Integrated Support for Education, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent A. Conte
- Management Department, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Richard P. Brown
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
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19
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Shikako K, Lencucha R, Hunt M, Jodoin-Pilon S, Chandra A, Katalifos A, Gonzalez M, Yamaguchi S, Cardoso R, Elsabbagh M, Hudon A, Martens R, Cogburn D, Seth A, Currie G, Roth C, Finlay B, Zwicker J. Children with Disabilities in Canada during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of COVID-19 Policies through a Disability Rights Lens. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:942. [PMID: 37371173 DOI: 10.3390/children10060942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Children with disabilities were especially vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic, and policies designed to mitigate its effects were limited in addressing their needs. We analyzed Canadian policies related to children with disabilities and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify the extent to which these policies aligned with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD) and responded to their mental health needs by conducting a systematic collection of Canadian provincial/territorial policies produced during the pandemic, building a categorization dictionary based on the UN CRPD, using text mining, and thematic analysis to identify policies' alignment with the UN CRPD and mental health supports. Mental health was addressed as a factor of importance in many policy documents, but specific interventions to promote or treat mental health were scarce. Most public health policies and recommendations are related to educational settings, demonstrating how public health for children with disabilities relies on education and community that may be out of the healthcare system and unavailable during extended periods of the pandemic. Policies often acknowledged the challenges faced by children with disabilities and their families but offered few mitigation strategies with limited considerations for human rights protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Shikako
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Raphael Lencucha
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Matthew Hunt
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | | | - Ananya Chandra
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Anna Katalifos
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Quebec , QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Miriam Gonzalez
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Sakiko Yamaguchi
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Roberta Cardoso
- Health Center Research Institute, McGill University, Quebec, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Quebec, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Anne Hudon
- School of Rehabilitation, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X7, Canada
| | | | - Derrick Cogburn
- School of International Service, Institute on Disability and Public Policy, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Ash Seth
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Genevieve Currie
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Christiane Roth
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zwicker
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
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20
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Elkholi SM, Aldhahi MI, Al Awaji NN. Exploring the Influence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Accessibility of Rehabilitation Services Provided to Children with Disabilities: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:medicina59050837. [PMID: 37241069 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Children with disabilities (such as cerebral palsy, autistic spectrum disorder, and Down syndrome) are the most vulnerable and marginalized subset of the population, representing 2.7% of the total population of Saudi Arabia. The COVID-19 outbreak might have disproportionately affected children with disabilities, augmented their isolation, and induced severe disruptions to the services on which these children rely. Limited research has been conducted in Saudi Arabia to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the rehabilitation services provided to children with disabilities and barriers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the lockdown implemented as a result of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the accessibility of rehabilitation services, including communication, occupational therapy, and physical therapy, in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a survey was conducted between June and September 2020 during the lockdown in Saudi Arabia. A total of 316 caregivers of children with disabilities from Riyadh participated in the study. The accessibility of rehabilitation services provided to children with disabilities was assessed by designing a valid questionnaire. Results: A total of 280 children with disabilities received rehabilitation services before the COVID-19 pandemic and showed improvement following therapeutic sessions. However, during the pandemic, most children stopped receiving therapeutic sessions because of lockdown, which deteriorated their condition. This shows a significant reduction in the accessibility of the rehabilitation services provided during the pandemic. Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed a drastic decline in services provided to children with disabilities. This caused a notable deterioration in the abilities of these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Mostafa Elkholi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monira I Aldhahi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisreen Naser Al Awaji
- Department of Health Communication Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Coulter-Thompson EI. Bias and Discrimination Against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Parents Accessing Care for Their Children: A Literature Review. Health Educ Behav 2023; 50:181-192. [PMID: 36722720 DOI: 10.1177/10901981221148959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) parents of children with developmental disabilities (DDs) in health and early learning systems are largely understudied. Inclusive, affirming services are critical to timely identification and intervention for DDs. This literature review aimed to establish whether LGBTQ parents experience structural bias and discrimination when accessing care for their children in health and early learning systems. METHODS PubMed, ERIC, and Scopus were searched for empirical research from 1990 to 2020 on: LGBTQ; parents, children, families; bias, disparities, discrimination; and health and early learning services. Themes were analyzed by conceptual model bias levels, participant type, and setting. RESULTS The search yielded 1,872 unduplicated records (three through hand search). Twenty-nine articles representing 26 studies in health and early learning in eight countries met the inclusion criteria. Biases common across sectors included challenges surrounding LGBTQ status disclosures; lack of acknowledgment of non-biological parents; and heterosexist forms. Knowledge gaps and negative attitudes about LGBTQ families were found among some professionals and students. CONCLUSION Some LGBTQ parents experienced bias and discrimination while accessing care for their children in health and early learning systems. Policies and programs to implement and monitor LGBTQ-inclusive health education and evaluate practice changes are recommended to improve professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Multilevel workforce development (e.g., accreditation standards, organizational audits, and training) is needed to create and sustain LGBTQ-affirming health and education environments. Honoring LGBTQ family diversity and reducing health and early learning inequities are critical for improving children's health and education outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilee I Coulter-Thompson
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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22
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Hearst MO, Wells L, Hughey L, Makhoul Z. Household Dietary Diversity among Households with and without Children with Disabilities in Three Low-Income Communities in Lusaka, Zambia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2343. [PMID: 36767710 PMCID: PMC9914986 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this manuscript is to describe household dietary diversity (HDDS) in Lusaka, Zambia between households with and without a child with a disability living in the same communities. Cross-sectional data were collected in three low-income compounds in September 2021. Participants included households with a child with a disability enrolled in Kusamala+, a community-based program, (n = 444) and a convenience sample of adults living in the same area without a child with a disability (n = 1027). The HDDS tool asked about food groups consumed in the past 24 h by people in the household. The responses were summed (yes = 1, no = 0), range 0-12. Individual dietary diversity scores (IDDSs) were calculated for children (0-8 items). Analysis included descriptive statistics and linear regression. Mean HDDS for the households with a child with a disability was 4.8 (SD 2.1) vs. 6.1 (SD = 2.2) among households without a child with a disability (p < 0.001). The individual score for children (IDDS) for households with children with disabilities was 2.6 (SD = 1.4) vs. 3.7 (SD = 1.6) for households without a child with a disability. Households with a child with a disability had a significantly lower HDDS and IDDS in unadjusted and adjusted models (p < 0.001). National policy must assure the most vulnerable populations, and often hidden, receive focused financial and food support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary O. Hearst
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Leah Wells
- Public Health Department, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, MN 55105, USA
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23
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Michaud M, Dietz IC. The effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on children and youth with special health care needs. Front Pediatr 2023; 10:1007770. [PMID: 36683792 PMCID: PMC9853039 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1007770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This article seeks to review the current knowledge of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the health effects for children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN). COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), became a major pandemic in 2020. Recognition of the disease could be difficult, as symptoms in children are at times different than adults and can mimic other common childhood viral infections. Children with underlying medical conditions did make up a higher proportion of those hospitalized, but also were affected in other ways including loss of nursing support, missed education and rehabilitative services, and increased stress for themselves and their families, affecting mental health in this vulnerable population. This review seeks to address what is currently known about the overall effects on CYSHCN and their families, and identify gaps in research, including the implementation of health care systems, and possible suggestions for change in the educational and community supports for this group of individuals. Ongoing analysis of large national and international data sets, as well as smaller reports based on specific congenital anomaly, genetics disease, and acquired childhood illness, and then attention to local resources and family resilience is still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mel Michaud
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Irene Cihon Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Medical Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Alqarawi N, Alhamidi SA, Alsadoun A, Alasqah I, Mahmud I. Challenges of having a child with congenital anomalies in Saudi Arabia: a qualitative exploration of mothers' experience. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1111171. [PMID: 37168071 PMCID: PMC10166135 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1111171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital anomalies in children lead to morbidity, mortality, or lifelong disabilities. Mothers of children with congenital anomalies face considerable obstacles in parenting their children because of their lack of knowledge about such health conditions, lack of family support, and lack of health, rehabilitation, and social care support. In Saudi Arabia, less attention are given to researching this important issue. In this context, the purpose of the study was to explore mothers' experiences and perceptions toward children with congenital anomalies. Methods We employed a qualitative phenomenological study design. We purposively recruited 10 mothers of children with congenital anomalies from different cities in Saudi Arabia. We interviewed the mothers with an in-depth interview guideline. The interview questions were designed to explore their perception of congenital anomalies in children and their experience of parenting and seeking health, rehabilitation, education, and social care services for children with such anomalies. Result Analysis of our data suggest that mothers of children with congenital anomalies face considerable challenges because of a lack of medical, rehabilitation, and social care support, lack of knowledge about these conditions and their management, lack of responsiveness of the healthcare providers, lack of support from the family and the stigma associated with such conditions. Consequently, mothers experience poor mental and social well-being. Conclusion Mothers are facing considerable challenges in raising children with congenital anomalies. Regular screening for early detection of congenital anomalies, counseling support for mothers, and improving healthcare providers' responsiveness, knowledge, and skills are necessary. In addition, appropriate awareness-raising programs need to be implemented at the community level to counteract the stigma and negative attitudes of the community toward children with congenital anomalies and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Alqarawi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Nada Alqarawi
| | - Sami Abdulrahman Alhamidi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Nursing College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsadoun
- Department of Medical Surgical College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alasqah
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ilias Mahmud
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
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Joginder Singh S, Mohd Ayob N, Hassan FH. Parents' perception on the use of augmentative and alternative communication by children with complex communication needs in Malaysia. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023; 18:118-126. [PMID: 36344474 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2022.2140850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Children with developmental disabilities who have complex communication needs (CCN) frequently need to use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to communicate effectively and efficiently. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) often work closely with parents and other professionals when deciding on the best AAC system to introduce to these children. This study aimed to describe the use of AAC by children with CCN in Malaysia as reported by their parents. MATERIALS AND METHOD An online survey distributed for this study was completed by 235 parents. RESULTS Most of the parents of children with CCN who participated in this study reported that their children used low-tech AAC systems. A majority of respondents were satisfied with their child's AAC system. Parental satisfaction was positively associated with the frequency of use and whether the use of AAC helped parents understand the child better. Challenges reported by parents when using AAC and the reason some families abandoned the use of AAC were similar. Examples of challenges include parents having limited time and the child lacking the motivation to use the AAC system. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest the importance of SLPs actively involving parents in the selection of their children's AAC system so they are agreeable with the system introduced and continuously supporting children and their families to encourage and sustain the use of AAC. Implications for rehabilitationSpeech-language pathologists (SLPs) can create communication opportunities for the child to use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and experience success, teach parents how to incorporate AAC into the family's daily routine and activities, and reduce the demands on parents by preparing the AAC materials and programming the AAC system where possible.SLPs can provide ongoing support to school teachers to equip them with the necessary knowledge and skills to support the use of AAC in the classroom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fatimah Hani Hassan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Yamamoto Y, Aoki A, Fuji H, Chen G, Bolt T, Suto M, Mori R, Uchida K, Takehara K, Gai R. Parents' preferences for respite care of children with medical complexity. Pediatr Int 2023; 65:e15703. [PMID: 38088499 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of children with medical complexity (CMC) is increasing worldwide. For these children and their families, various forms of support are legislated; among them, short-stay respite care has a great unmet need. We examined such children's parents' preferences for respite care and their willingness to pay. METHODS We used discrete choice experiments (DCEs) to estimate the parents' preferences and willingness to pay. Parents whose children used overnight short-stay respite services answered a questionnaire to compare two hypothetical facilities of respite care having seven attributes and three levels. The DCE data was analyzed using the conditional logit model. The willingness to pay was calculated based on DCE estimates. RESULTS A total of 70 parents participated in this study and mean age of their children was 7.8 years (standard deviation [SD] 4.3). Among those children, 67 (96%) had the severest certification of disability, and 27 (38%) used a ventilator at home. We found that the parents' highest preferences was the best level of medical care level that can manage ventilators (coefficient 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-1.90). The better and best level of medical care, daily care, education/nursing, and emergency care were preferred over basic quality services. Willingness to pay for the best level of medical care was approximately 75,367 JPY per night. CONCLUSION This study shows a need for respite care that can deliver high-level medical care, especially for the management of ventilators, to CMC. This finding can serve as a basis for promoting respite care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Yamamoto
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Aoki
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fuji
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gang Chen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Timothy Bolt
- Faculty of Economics, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Maiko Suto
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rintaro Mori
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuyasu Uchida
- Momiji House, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Takehara
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruoyan Gai
- National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Tokyo, Japan
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Trafford Z. 'People don't understand what we go through!': Caregiver views on South Africa's care dependency grant. Afr J Disabil 2023; 12:1114. [PMID: 36876023 PMCID: PMC9982474 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v12i0.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Caregivers are under enormous pressure in trying to provide for the needs of their children with disabilities in South Africa. The care dependency grant (CDG), an unconditional cash transfer, is the primary state-subsidised intervention for the social protection of low-income caregivers of children with disabilities. Objectives The primary objective of this substudy, within a larger multistakeholder qualitative project, was to investigate caregiver perspectives on CDG assessment and application, their beliefs about the purpose of the CDG and how they actually used these funds. Methods Data for this qualitative research included in-depth individual interviews and one focus group discussion. Six low-income caregivers who were current or previous CDG beneficiaries participated. Deductive thematic analysis was conducted using codes related to the objectives. Results Access to the CDG was usually too late and over-complicated. Caregivers were grateful for the CDG but it was insufficient to cover the costs of care, in the context of high unemployment and weaknesses in complementary social services. Pressure on these caregivers was intensified by criticism in their social environments and a lack of respite care. Conclusion Caregivers need service providers to be better trained and for systems of referral to available social services to be strengthened. The whole of society ought also to be targeted for increased social inclusion facilitated by improvements in understandings of the lived experience and cost of disability. Contribution The rapid time from data collection to write-up of this study will aid in building the evidence base on the CDG, an urgent priority for South Africa's journey towards comprehensive social protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Trafford
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Jansen-van Vuuren J, Dawud S, Lysaght R, Batorowicz B, Aldersey HM. Family quality of life and children with disability in Ethiopia: The role of support providers. Afr J Disabil 2023; 12:1124. [PMID: 36876025 PMCID: PMC9982469 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v12i0.1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Family quality of life (FQOL) is an important outcome for families of children with disabilities globally and provision of support is associated with enhanced FQOL. However, FQOL research primarily focuses on conceptualisation and measurement, and originates from high-income contexts despite the fact that most children with disabilities live in low-income countries. Objectives The authors examined how Ethiopian disability support providers practically contribute to meeting the needs of families of children with disabilities to enhance FQOL. Method Building on a previous study exploring Ethiopian families' perspectives on FQOL, the authors used an exploratory descriptive qualitative approach to interview various support providers. Interviews were conducted virtually (because of the coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] pandemic) in English or with interpreting assistance. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results Support providers affirmed what families had described as important for FQOL - spirituality, relationships, self-sufficiency - and recognised their enormous support needs. They described various ways to support families - emotionally, physically, materially and informationally. They also expressed challenges and their need for support to meet families' needs. Conclusion Ethiopian families of children with disabilities need holistic support that incorporates spirituality, the whole family's needs and disability awareness-raising. Collaborative and committed engagement from all stakeholders is necessary to support Ethiopian families to flourish. Contribution This study contributes to global understandings of FQOL and describes practical approaches to support families of children with disabilities in an African context. The findings of this study highlight the influence of spirituality, relationships, self-sufficiency, poverty and stigma and the need for holistic support and disability awareness-raising to enhance FQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jansen-van Vuuren
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Solomon Dawud
- Community Based Rehabilitation, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Rosemary Lysaght
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Beata Batorowicz
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Heather M Aldersey
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Tsangue GT, Awa JC, Nsono J, Ayima CW, Tih PM. Non-Disclosure of abuse in children and young adults with disabilities: Reasons and mitigation strategies Northwest Region of Cameroon. Afr J Disabil 2022; 11:1025. [PMID: 36567923 PMCID: PMC9772747 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v11i0.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Child abuse is a serious public health issue in low- and middle-income countries, and children with disabilities are at greater risk of abuse. Despite this heightened risk, the abuse of children with disabilities often goes undetected and under-reported, leading to the continuity of such abuse by their abusers. Objectives This study was aimed at identifying the reasons for non-disclosure of abuse and possible mitigating strategies to curb this dilemma in children and young adults with disabilities (CWD). Methods A population-based record-linkage qualitative study was conducted among CWD (both at home and in institutions) in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. Twelve key informant interviews and eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among key staff from child protection offices for child abuse, parents and teachers in schools. Fifty in-depth interviews were also conducted among children with disabilities. Reasons for nondisclosure and proposed mitigating approaches from audio tapes were transcribed verbatim, thematic analysis performed and findings reported. Results A lack of knowledge on where to disclose, fear of stigma, long and expensive procedures, a lack of confidence in the justice system, threats from abusers, protection of family unity and friendship ties were linked with nondisclosures. The most common mitigating strategies postulated were sensitisation, capacity building on parenting and the creation of child protection committees. Conclusion From this study, nondisclosure of abuse is common in CWD, and thus there is a need for urgent attention to curb the situation for safer and more child-friendly environments through sensitisation, parental support and putting in place strategic child protection committees. Contribution This article is based on the experience of all authors with interest in the field of disability. This article contributes to the pull of knowledge by providing context specific reasons for non-disclosure of abuse as well as mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glory T. Tsangue
- Empowerment and Disability Inclusive Development (EDID) Program, Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jacque Chirac Awa
- Services for Persons with Disability, Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Josephine Nsono
- Gender and Child Protection Services, Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, Bamenda. Cameroon
| | - Charlotte W. Ayima
- Department of Research/Evaluation, Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, Mutengene-Buea, Cameroon
| | - Pius M. Tih
- Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, Bamenda, Cameroon
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Rast FM, Herren S, Labruyère R. Acceptability of wearable inertial sensors, completeness of data, and day-to-day variability of everyday life motor activities in children and adolescents with neuromotor impairments. Front Rehabil Sci 2022; 3:923328. [PMID: 36569637 PMCID: PMC9788775 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.923328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the patients' motor activities in a real-world setting would provide essential information on their functioning in daily life. In this study, we used wearable inertial sensors to monitor motor activities of children and adolescents with congenital and acquired brain injuries. We derived a set of clinically meaningful performance measures and addressed the following research questions: Is the target population willing to wear the sensors in their habitual environment? Which factors lead to missing data, and can we avoid them? How many measurement days are needed to obtain reliable estimates of the children's and adolescents' motor performance? The study participants wore our sensor system for seven consecutive days during waking hours. First, we derived the daily hand use of all participants, the duration of different body positions and the wheeling activity of individuals using a manual wheelchair, and walking-related measures in individuals being able to walk. Then, we analyzed the reasons for missing data and determined the reliability of the performance measures mentioned above. The large majority (41 of 43 participants) was willing to wear the sensor system for a week. However, forgetting to reattach the sensors after charging them overnight and taking them off during bathing and swimming was the main contributor to missing data. Consequently, improved battery life and waterproofness of the sensor technology are essential requirements for measurements in daily life. Besides, 5 of 11 performance measures showed significant differences between weekdays and weekend days. The reliability, measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient, ranged between 0.82 and 0.98. Seven measurement days were enough to obtain significantly higher reliability scores than the desired level of 0.8 for all but two performance measures. In children and adolescents with neuromotor impairments, we recommend monitoring everyday life motor activities on seven consecutive days. The target population accepted this measurement protocol, it covers school days and weekend days, and the number of measurement days is sufficient to obtain reliable estimates of motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Marcel Rast
- Swiss Children’s Rehab, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Affoltern am Albis, Switzerland,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Correspondence: Fabian Marcel Rast
| | - Silvia Herren
- Swiss Children’s Rehab, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Affoltern am Albis, Switzerland,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rob Labruyère
- Swiss Children’s Rehab, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Affoltern am Albis, Switzerland,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Sheppard ME, Vitalone-Raccaro N, Kaari JM. Planting the Seeds of Collaboration: A Pilot for School/Clinic Partnerships During Pediatric Clerkship. Intellect Dev Disabil 2022; 60:453-464. [PMID: 36454613 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-60.6.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although pediatricians and family physicians often refer children to early intervention (EI) and provide support and information to families, medical school training that provides information about special education policy and procedures is often limited. We piloted a program whereby medical students, during their pediatric clerkship, observed school classrooms that included young children with disabilities. Visit impact was measured through assessments of perceived competency and a written reflection. Students showed perceived competency growth across all areas measured. Written reflections demonstrated understanding of special education practices and collaborative opportunities. These findings suggest that incorporating experiential learning through facilitated school visits is a way to enhance the learning experience of medical students on topics essential to supporting children with disabilities and their families.
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Trafford Z, Swartz L. 'Five minutes earlier, you were giving hope': Reflections from interviews with doctors conducting assessments for South Africa's childhood disability Care Dependency Grant. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:263. [PMID: 36777883 PMCID: PMC7614167.2 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18424.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In South Africa, medical doctors functionally decide whether a primary caregiver can access state-funded social assistance cash transfers ('social grants') for the care of their disabled child. In this paper, we unpack the subjective experiences of one group of doctors in the country's Western Cape province who are involved in conducting assessments for the care dependency grant, designed to support the cost of disabled children's specific needs. Methods: Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with five paediatric doctors who practice at three Cape Town public sector hospitals and regularly conduct assessments for the care dependency grant. Analysis was thematic and used deductive coding. Results: The doctors we interviewed were aware that care dependency grants were probably shared among household members but felt this was acceptable, as it contributed to the child's wellbeing. Doctors seemed to be applying nuanced, individualised assessments but often felt the need to simplify the documentation of these assessments, sometimes even bending the rules, to ensure access. Doctors' primary allegiance in these processes appeared to be to their patients. They identified more with their care responsibilities than their bureaucratic gate-keeping role but nonetheless felt the weight of their responsibility for decision-making, in the context of extremely strained public resources and a lack of guidance from the government's social assistance implementation agency. Conclusions: The hyperlocal practices and approaches that doctors described allows for perception of the messier - but also more accurate - details of the system that is actually in place. Doctors' narratives also reflect long-standing inattention to the 'trickle down' of guidelines to frontline implementers of disability-related grants. This cadre is a valuable but under-utilised source of evidence and information about the real-world functioning of disability-related grants administration and they should be actively included in implementation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Trafford
- Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, 7600, South Africa,
| | - Leslie Swartz
- Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, 7600, South Africa
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Alhumaid MM, Althikr Allah BA, Alhuwail AA, Alobaid MA, Abu Hamad NN, Alsalman ZA, Alqahtani SS, Alherz AM, Alwael WM, Alhelal AK, Alsubaie SA, Alwarthan MS, Alnaeem FO, Aleid SH, Almuhaisen SY, Alobaydullah AA, Alzamami AR, Alqadiri SA, Alsubhi SH, Alshikh AM, Almazrui KK, Alamer MA, Alfadhel AM, Al-Sari AR, Alqatari RS, Almaghrabi FA, Alfahaid SM, Alhashim JA, Alsalman HA, Almatar AA, Almutiri NM, Bastos T. Physical education teachers' attitudes toward inclusion of students with disabilities in Saudi Arabia. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1006461. [PMID: 36507010 PMCID: PMC9730338 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1006461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The attitudes of physical education (PE) teachers toward inclusion are critical to the successful provision of inclusive teaching for students with disabilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of Saudi Arabian PE teachers toward the inclusion of students with disabilities in PE classes and the effect of sociodemographic variables (e.g., gender and length of teaching experience) on their attitudes toward inclusion. A total of 1,314 PE teachers (M age = 41.09, SD = 9.40, females = 42.8%) completed the Arabic version of the Sentiments, Attitudes, and Concerns about Inclusive Education-Revised Scale (SACIE-R). Analyses found that, in general, PE teachers had moderately positive attitudes toward the inclusion of students with disabilities in PE lessons. A significant difference was found between the two genders in their attitudes toward inclusion. Specifically, female PE teachers demonstrated more positive attitudes toward inclusion than males. Multiple linear regression analysis, meanwhile, showed that the length of teaching experience and the experience of teaching a student with a disability were significant predictors of participants' attitudes toward inclusion. Our findings highlighted the importance of reconsidering the quality of PE teachers' experiences and interactions with students with disabilities as a means to improving their attitudes, which in turn would translate into successful inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed M. Alhumaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Majed M. Alhumaid,
| | - Bashaer A. Althikr Allah
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A. Alhuwail
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam A. Alobaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naflah N. Abu Hamad
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab A. Alsalman
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah S. Alqahtani
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat M. Alherz
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walla M. Alwael
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeshah K. Alhelal
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh A. Alsubaie
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam S. Alwarthan
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fay O. Alnaeem
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamma H. Aleid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Y. Almuhaisen
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer A. Alobaydullah
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameera R. Alzamami
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuaa A. Alqadiri
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shoug H. Alsubhi
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer M. Alshikh
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulud K. Almazrui
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madhawi A. Alamer
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah M. Alfadhel
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej R. Al-Sari
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reamah S. Alqatari
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema A. Almaghrabi
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara M. Alfahaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jailan A. Alhashim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawra A. Alsalman
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amnah A. Almatar
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla M. Almutiri
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tânia Bastos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Yu JA, Bayer ND, Beach SR, Kuo DZ, Houtrow AJ. A National Profile of Families and Caregivers of Children With Disabilities and/or Medical Complexity. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:1489-1498. [PMID: 36002069 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Provide an up-to-date description of the well-being of families and caregivers of children with disability and medical complexity at the national level. METHODS We performed a secondary analysis of the 2016-2019 National Survey of Children's Health and divided the sample based on a child's disability and medical complexity status: children with no special health care needs (non-CSHCN), children with special health care needs (CSHCN), CSHCN with significant disabilities (CSHCN-SD), and children with medical complexity (CMC). Outcomes included survey items assessing 1) caregiver emotional well-being, 2) family functioning, and 3) economic adversity. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine associations between child disability and medical complexity status with study outcomes. RESULTS Among 131,774 survey responses, CSHCN-SD (weighted n = 4.2 million) and CMC (n =1.1 million) disproportionately reported adverse outcomes for every measure of well-being. Notably, caregivers of CSHCN-SD and CMC were more likely to report frequently feeling bothered (aOR 5.0 and 6.3, respectively) and angry (aOR 3.0 and 3.1) with their child than non-CSHCN caregivers. Families of CSHCN-SD and CMC had 40% lower odds of endorsing all aspects of family resilience and more likely to report three or more adverse childhood experiences (aOR 3.3 and 3.7) than non-CSHCN families. CSHCN-SD and CMC families were also more likely to experience difficulty covering basics (aOR, 2.6 and 3.3) and report caregivers changing jobs due to their child's care (aOR, 3.1 and 5.0). CONCLUSIONS Development and testing of interventions specifically targeting the well-being of CSHCN-SD and CMC families and caregivers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Palliative Care and Pediatric Hospital Medicine (JA Yu), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa.
| | - Nathaniel D Bayer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine (ND Bayer), University of Rochester Medical Center and Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, NY
| | - Scott R Beach
- University Center for Social and Urban Research (SR Beach), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Dennis Z Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics (DZ Kuo), University of Rochester Medical Center and Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, NY
| | - Amy J Houtrow
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (AJ Houtrow), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
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Black L, Shaunfield S, Labellarte PH, Gaebler-Spira D, Foster CC. Physical and Environmental Barriers to Mobility and Participation in Children With Medical Complexity: A Qualitative Study. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2022; 61:717-726. [PMID: 35610774 DOI: 10.1177/00099228221099097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This qualitative study evaluated barriers and facilitators to mobility in the homes of children with medical complexity (CMC) and the subsequent impact on CMC and their families. Eighteen caregivers of CMC were interviewed. Parents described that accessibility barriers impaired delivery of care at home and impacted the child's participation in family life. The most inaccessible areas were stairs and bathrooms. Mobility and transfers became more difficult as children grew larger. Parents and children sustained injuries from performance of activities of daily living (ADLs). When available, durable medical equipment (DME) and home modifications improved home access and typically were funded using insurance and state Title V funds. However, parents reported that larger home modifications, such as bathroom modifications, were cost prohibitive. A pediatrician's inquiry about mobility barriers may reveal crucial information about delivery of home care to CMC. CMC may be referred to rehabilitation specialists to address mobility needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Black
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sara Shaunfield
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patricia H Labellarte
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Advocacy, and Outreach Program, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deborah Gaebler-Spira
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University/Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carolyn C Foster
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Advocacy, and Outreach Program, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Chernyakina TS, Raduto VI, Svintsov AA, Shestakov VP, Kolyuka OE, Rocheva YS. [SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF THE LEGISLATIVE CONSOLIDATION OF THE INSTITUTION OF EARLY CARE FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES]. Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med 2022; 30:825-830. [PMID: 36282654 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866x-2022-30-5-825-830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For the purposes of this work, children with disabilities include disabled children or children aged 0 to 8 years who are not recognized as disabled in the prescribed manner, but who have temporary or permanent deviations in physical and (or) mental development (hereinafter - children with disabilities). The legislative basis for the implementation of the rights and opportunities of children with disabilities and their families is constituted by constitutional provisions that enshrine state guarantees for the protection of childhood, motherhood, paternity, family (part 1 of article 38, paragraph "g.1" of part 1 of article 72 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). An early start of comprehensive care for children with disabilities contributes to the maximum possible achievements in the development of the child, maintaining his health, as well as successful socialization and inclusion of the child in the educational environment with subsequent integration into society. The research material was the international treaties and regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation on providing early assistance to children with disabilities. The work used a set of methods of scientific knowledge, including general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, special: comparative, formal legal, etc. Legislative consolidation of the institution of providing early assistance to children with disabilities can be carried out by amending the existing legislative acts or by adopting a separate regulatory legal act of the legislative level that establishes the legal basis for providing early assistance. This article outlines the directions for improving legal regulation in terms of legislative consolidation of the institution of providing early assistance to children with disabilities by amending the current legislative acts of the federal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Chernyakina
- G. A. Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled of Mintrud of Russia, 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia,
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V I Raduto
- G. A. Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled of Mintrud of Russia, 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Svintsov
- G. A. Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled of Mintrud of Russia, 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V P Shestakov
- G. A. Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled of Mintrud of Russia, 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O E Kolyuka
- G. A. Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled of Mintrud of Russia, 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ya S Rocheva
- G. A. Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled of Mintrud of Russia, 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia
- V. I. Lenin St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI", 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Dodds RL, Walch TJ. The glue that keeps everybody together: Peer support in mothers of young children with special health care needs. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:772-780. [PMID: 35178732 PMCID: PMC9544897 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first years following diagnosis may be particularly challenging for parents and peer support from other parents of children with special health care needs may buffer their stress. METHODS This qualitative interview study sought to explore the impact of early access to parental peer support and whether it leads to positive adaptation and improved family well-being. RESULTS Five mothers of young children with special health care needs from peer support organizations in two northern US states participated in interviews by telephone or Zoom. Themes of interest included professional scrutiny, going through the motions, someone who understands, learning and sharing, and one size does not fit all. Although most participants attributed positive changes in their emotional well-being to the support they received, they were wary of extending the impact of peer support to their child and family. CONCLUSIONS Implications for practice include embedding peer support programmes in neonatal care units and children's hospitals, as well as the addition of mindfulness practices to facilitate parental adaptation to disability and promote family well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L. Dodds
- Division of Special Education and CounselingCalifornia State University, Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tanis J. Walch
- Department of Education, Health and Behavior StudiesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksNorth DakotaUSA
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Urizar GG, Ramírez I, Caicedo BI, Mora C. Mental health outcomes and experiences of family caregivers of children with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia. J Community Psychol 2022; 50:2682-2702. [PMID: 34845739 PMCID: PMC9015286 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether certain demographic characteristics, caregiver strain, and coping behaviors were associated with the mental health outcomes of family caregivers of children with disabilities in Bolivia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed-methods convergent study design was used with virtual interviews to quantitatively assess caregivers' demographic characteristics, caregiver strain, coping behaviors, and mental health outcomes, as well as qualitatively assess how the pandemic affected their family. Approximately 32%-71% of caregivers experienced poor mental health outcomes (stress, anxiety, and depression), especially among those experiencing poor health, high caregiver strain, and those using maladaptive coping strategies. Qualitative responses revealed that they experienced several unique stressors during the pandemic that affected them and their children. These findings highlight the need for culturally tailored prevention and treatment interventions to help offset the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health outcomes of this at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido G. Urizar
- Department of PsychologyCalifornia State UniversityLong BeachCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ivonne Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en NeurodesarrolloUniversidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de ChuquisacaSucreBolivia
| | - Brianna I. Caicedo
- Department of PsychologyCalifornia State UniversityLong BeachCaliforniaUSA
| | - Cindy Mora
- Department of PsychologyCalifornia State UniversityLong BeachCaliforniaUSA
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Stromberg MH, Rubtsova A, Sales J, McGee R. Impact of Developmental Disability on Frequent School Absenteeism in US Children Aged 6 to 17 Years: National Survey of Children's Health, 2016 to 2017. J Sch Health 2022; 92:681-691. [PMID: 35365877 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Harbert Stromberg
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 817 S Cooper Street Memphis, TN, 38104, USA
| | - Anna Rubtsova
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jessica Sales
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Robin McGee
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Radojlovic J, Kilibarda T, Radevic S, Maricic M, Parezanovic Ilic K, Djordjic M, Colovic S, Radmanovic B, Sekulic M, Djordjevic O, Niciforovic J, Simic Vukomanovic I, Janicijevic K, Radovanovic S. Attitudes of Primary School Teachers Toward Inclusive Education. Front Psychol 2022; 13:891930. [PMID: 35602730 PMCID: PMC9121194 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.891930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aims of our study are related to examining the relevance of teachers' attitudes toward the implementation of inclusive education. In addition, its subject is related to the implications on inclusive education policies, limitations of the existing study along with the recommendations for our future research endeavors. Methods The research is a cross-sectional study type. The sample included 64 primary school teachers in the lower grades of primary school (grades 1–4), selected by using simple random sampling, in three primary schools on the territory of Belgrade, Serbia in 2021 (26, 17, and 21 primary school teachers). The Questionnaire for Teachers, which was used as a research instrument, was taken from the Master's Thesis Studen Rajke, which was part of the project “Education for the Knowledge Society” at the Institute for Educational Research in Belgrade. Dependent variables measured in the study referred to the attitudes of primary school teachers toward inclusive education. Categorical variables are represented as frequencies and the Chi-square test was used to determine if a distribution of observed frequencies differed from the expected frequencies. Results One in three teachers (32.8%) thought that inclusion was useful for children with disabilities (29.7%), of them thought that schools did not have the conditions for inclusive education, whereas one in four teachers (25.0%) believed that inclusion was not good. No statistically significant differences were found in the attitudes of professors, when observed in terms of their gender, age and length of service. Conclusion Investing more resources and time in developing and implementing special education policies can promote successful inclusive education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatjana Kilibarda
- Department in Cuprija, The Academy of Applied Preschool Teaching and Health Studies Krusevac, Cuprija, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Radevic
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milena Maricic
- Department School of Applied Health Science Studies, Academy of Applied Studies Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Parezanovic Ilic
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan Djordjic
- Department of Communication Skills, Ethics and Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sofija Colovic
- Department of Communication Skills, Ethics and Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Branimir Radmanovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Sekulic
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ognjen Djordjevic
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovan Niciforovic
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjacka Banja, University of Kragujevac, Vrnjacka Banja, Serbia
| | - Ivana Simic Vukomanovic
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Janicijevic
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Snezana Radovanovic
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Ljubičić M, Delin S, Kolčić I. Family and Individual Quality of Life in Parents of Children with Developmental Disorders and Diabetes Type 1. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102861. [PMID: 35628987 PMCID: PMC9145317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This cross-sectional study assessed both family and individual quality of life (QOL), and their association with self-esteem, optimism, chronic psychological stress, anxiety, and depression in parents of children with chronic conditions. Methods: Parents of children with Down syndrome (DS), autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), diabetes mellitus type 1 (DMT1), and parents of children without chronic diseases with typical development (TD) were included. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess parental characteristics associated with the domains of individual and family QOL. Results: Compared to the parents of TD children, parents of children with ASD and DS were more likely to report reduced family QOL in all domains, while parents of children with DMT1 had lower parental perception. Self-esteem was positively associated with all domains of individual QOL, while optimism was associated with the overall individual QOL perception and health. Higher stress perception was negatively associated with most of the domains of individual and family QOL. Conclusions: This study confirmed that parents of children with chronic conditions are more likely to have lower perception of both individual and family QOL, which were associated with self-esteem, chronic stress, anxiety, and depression. Interventions should focus not only on the child with a chronic condition but on parents too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Ljubičić
- Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, Splitska 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital Zadar, Bože Peričića 5, 23000 Zadar, Croatia;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sanja Delin
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital Zadar, Bože Peričića 5, 23000 Zadar, Croatia;
- Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, Obala kralja Petra Krešimira IV 2, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; or
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, Gradišćanska ul. 24, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Wiener RC, Bhandari R. Association between adverse childhood experiences among children with special healthcare needs and dental care utilization. J Public Health Dent 2022; 82:194-203. [PMID: 33751582 PMCID: PMC8426408 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) often have consequences beyond the immediacy of any specific event. The purpose of this study is to identify if ACEs in children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN) are associated with oral problems and dental care utilization. METHODS The data source for this cross-sectional, secondary data analysis study was the 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health. Children were categorized as CSHCN or children with no special healthcare needs (CNSHCN) who had no, 1, 2, or ≥3 ACEs. Rho-Scott Chi-Square tests and bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS CSHCN who have had 1, 2, or ≥3 ACEs were significantly more likely to have had an oral problem or dental caries within the previous year as compared with CNSHCN who did not have any ACE. For no dental visits for any reason and no preventive visits, CSHCN at all levels of ACE were not significantly different from CNSHCN and no ACE in adjusted analyses. However, CNSHCN who had ≥3 ACEs were significantly more likely to not have had a preventive dental or any dental visit within the previous year. CONCLUSIONS In this nationally representative study of children and adolescents in the United States, CSHCN who have had ACE were more likely to have oral health problems within the previous year as compared with CNSHCN who did not have ACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Constance Wiener
- Department of Dental Practice and Rural Health, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Ruchi Bhandari
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Robert C Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Smythe T, Almasri NA, Moreno Angarita M, Berman BD, Kraus de Camargo O, Hadders-Algra M, Lynch P, Samms-Vaughan M, Olusanya BO. The Role of Parenting Interventions in Optimizing School Readiness for Children With Disabilities in Low and Middle Income Settings. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:927678. [PMID: 35837237 PMCID: PMC9274111 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.927678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Smythe
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Tracey Smythe
| | - Nihad A. Almasri
- Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Marisol Moreno Angarita
- Research Group on Disability, Policies and Social Justice, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Brad D. Berman
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Olaf Kraus de Camargo
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mijna Hadders-Algra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Developmental Neurology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul Lynch
- School of Education, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Maureen Samms-Vaughan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
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Wakimizu R, Matsuzawa A, Fujioka H, Nishigaki K, Sato I, Suzuki S, Iwata N. Effectiveness of a peer group-based online intervention program in empowering families of children with disabilities at home. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:929146. [PMID: 36353259 PMCID: PMC9638189 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.929146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The empowerment of families raising children with disabilities (CWD) is crucial in maintaining their health. We developed an evidence-based, family empowerment intervention program focusing on social resource utilization and reducing care burden. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the program's effectiveness in promoting family empowerment. METHODS We compared an intervention group that started the online intervention program a week after initial evaluation and a group that received delayed intervention (waitlist-controlled group) at three time points: initial (T1), post-course (T2), and follow-up (T3). The required sample size was 52. RESULTS There were 60 participants who applied to the program. One participant dropped out due to scheduling issues, and the others were assigned to either the intervention group (n = 29) or the waitlist-controlled group (n = 30). Those who responded to the baseline questionnaire (T1: 26 from the intervention group; 29 from the waitlist-controlled group) comprised the final sample. Among them, 20 members of the intervention group and 20 of the waitlist-controlled group attended all four sessions (completion rates of 77% and 69%, respectively). The attendance rate for sessions 1-4 was 94%, 89%, 81%, and 83%, respectively. The participant numbers in each session ranged from 5 to 18 per month. The baseline outcome score did not differ between the groups. The primary outcome, family empowerment, measured using the family empowerment scale (FES), was significantly higher at T2 for the intervention group than in the waitlist-controlled group and was sustained in the sensitivity analysis. The intervention group's FES, in the family relationships (FA) and relationships with service systems (SS) subdomains, increased significantly, unlike involvement with the community (SP). The intervention group experienced lower care burden and higher self-compassion, especially in the isolation and over-identification items of the self-compassion scale-short form (SCS-SF). The intervention group's FES (total, FA, SS) and SCS-SF (total, common humanity, isolation) changed significantly between T1 and T2, and all, except common humanity, were sustained up to T3; this group's FES (SP) and SCS (negative score, over-identification) changed significantly between T1 and T3. The waitlist-controlled group's FES (total, FA) and SCS (total) changed significantly and were sustained between T2 and T3. CONCLUSIONS The developed intervention program promotes family empowerment in families of CWD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered as a clinical trial in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000050422, UMIN000044172).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Wakimizu
- Department of Child Health and Development Nursing, Division of Health Innovation and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-city, Japan
| | - Akemi Matsuzawa
- Department of Comprehensive Development Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujioka
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kaori Nishigaki
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Sciences, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iori Sato
- Department of Family Nursing, School of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seigo Suzuki
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Iwata
- Tsukuba University Hospital, Medical Liaison and Patient Support Services Center, Ibaraki, Japan
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Levin-Decanini T, Henderson C, Mistry S, Dwarakanath N, Ray K, Miller E, Houtrow A. Decreased access to therapeutic services for children with disabilities during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders in Western Pennsylvania. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2022; 15:517-521. [PMID: 35848043 DOI: 10.3233/prm-200799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Assess the effects of stay-at-home orders on access to services utilized by families of children with disabilities (CWD). METHODS Cross-sectional weekly surveys were fielded over four weeks, during which western Pennsylvania was under stay-at-home orders. Respondents were divided into families of CWD (N = 233) or without CWD (N = 1582). Survey questions included measures of socio-economic status, and families of CWD answered questions regarding access to services pre and post-initiation of stay-at-home orders. Differences between families with and without CWD were analyzed using chi-square tests. RESULTS Among families of CWD that had used services previously, 76.6% of survey respondents stated that they had decreased access, with the greatest percentage experiencing loss among those previously utilizing early intervention (75.5%), outpatient therapies (69.1%), or school-based therapies (80.7%). Compared to families without CWD, families of CWD were more likely to report lower pre-COVID-19 annual incomes (p < 0.001), job or income loss related to COVID-19 (p < 0.001), and higher levels of perceived stress (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION CWD experienced loss of services during stay-at-home orders implemented as COVID-19 mitigation measures. Due to decreased access to needed services, CWD may be at risk of medical complications and loss of developmental progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Levin-Decanini
- Complex Care Center, General Academic Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cynterria Henderson
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sejal Mistry
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Namita Dwarakanath
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristin Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amy Houtrow
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Lee A, Yeh VJH, Knafl KA, Van Riper M. Perceived Experiences of Korean Immigrant Mothers Raising Children With Disabilities in the United States. J Transcult Nurs 2021; 33:219-227. [PMID: 34872416 DOI: 10.1177/10436596211062935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The challenges of acculturation that immigrant families experience could intensify if they have a child with a disability. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to describe the experiences of Korean mothers raising children with a disability in the United States. METHODOLOGY Semi-structured interviews were conducted based on the Resilience Model of Family Stress, Adjustment, and Adaptation. Directed content analysis was used. RESULTS Six Korean mothers participated in the interview and 16 codes were identified in relation to the five concepts of the Resilience Model, namely family demands, family resources, family appraisal, family problem-solving and coping, and family adaptation. Overall, mothers thought their families were well-functioning and viewed their quality of life positively within the context of immigration despite experiencing various family demands. DISCUSSION Findings of this study showed the resilience of Korean immigrant mothers and revealed the importance of understanding and considering unique cultural differences when providing care to this population.
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Su H, Llewellyn G, Yi Y, Gao Y, Liu J. The feasibility of family-centred early intervention for children with disabilities in mainland China: Practitioners' perceptions. Child Care Health Dev 2021; 47:869-876. [PMID: 34265093 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family-centred practice (FCP) has become a recommended practice for early intervention services for children with disabilities in many countries. However, its feasibility in Chinese context has been unclear. This study is the first to explore the perceptions of early intervention service practitioners about the implementation of FCP in mainland China. METHODS Focus groups were employed to collect data from 37 early intervention practitioners who attended a workshop about FCP in Wuhan, China and two officers from the provincial disabled persons' federation. The data were analysed thematically. RESULTS Four themes were identified: (a) family-centred early intervention is possible, (b) traditional concepts are not friendly towards FCP, (c) parents do not collaborate and (d) financing and personal resources are not sufficient to implement FCP. Chinese practitioners agreed with the philosophies of FCP; however, there was concern that widespread implementation may meet conceptual and practical challenges. CONCLUSIONS The results highlighted practitioners were optimistic and keen for FCP implementation in the Chinese context, but to do so across China may still be some way in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- Faculty of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gwynnyth Llewellyn
- Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yali Yi
- Division of Education and Teaching, Shenzhen Nanshan Longyuan School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaqian Gao
- School of Elementary Education, Changji University, Changji, China
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Division of Vocational Education, Shenzhen Yuanping Special School, Shenzhen, China
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Kamiya Y. Current situation of children with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1277-1281. [PMID: 34197680 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Global child mortality has more than halved for the last three decades. Without a decrease in morbidity corresponding to that in mortality, this increased survival is likely to increase the number of children with disabilities, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While population-based data on children with disabilities have been scarce in LMICs, it is estimated that among 52.9 million children with disabilities under 5 years worldwide, 95% live in LMICs. Sequelae of postnatal disease continue to be the major cause of child disability in LMICs; however, disability is increasingly the result of perinatal conditions. The Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities promote the rights of children with disabilities, but limited resources in LMICs have prevented the translation of policies reflecting these Conventions into practice. Because health care for children with disabilities is limited in LMICs, most of them are cared for at home. This places heavy physical and mental burden on family caregivers and affects the allocation of time and financial resources in the family. Simple interventions can dramatically improve the clinical condition of disabled children and should be applied in care at home. Legally recognized members of society, children with disabilities remain excluded from public support. Disabled children must be empowered to overcome this inequity. This is the focus of the "Nothing About Us Without Us" campaign. Society, including professionals, can further redistribute power by "putting the first last" to empower individuals with disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kamiya
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki-City, Nagasaki, Japan
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Al Awaji N, Aldhahi M, Akil S, Awad S, Mortada E. Quality of Life, Needs and Fears of Mothers of Children with Disabilities in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Lockdown. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:11442. [PMID: 34769958 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Substantial changes in life dynamics resulting from the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could have an impact on the quality of life (QoL) of mothers of children with and without disabilities. This study compared the quality of life (QoL) of mothers of children with disabilities (MCD) to the QoL of mothers of children without disabilities (CON) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 lockdown. It explored mothers’ concerns and the type of support they need during the quarantine. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted during the lockdown. An online questionnaire was distributed to mothers raising children with and without disabilities in Saudi Arabia. A total of 340 mothers participated in the study by completing the survey: 93 MCD and 247 CON. The QoL of MCD and CON was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Furthermore, detailed information was provided by the mothers regarding their needs and concerns during the lockdown. The results of the study revealed that the overall QoL was significantly higher in the CON group, compared to the MCD group, during the COVID-19 lockdown. The social well-being and environmental well-being reported by MCD were significantly lower on the total scale of the WHOQOL-BREF than those reported by the CON group. The comparison between the two groups revealed significant differences in the support required by mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a higher percentage of MCD needed emotional and psychological support, especially from family members. The major concerns reported by MCD were the deterioration of their children’s medical conditions and the lack of medical supplies during the lockdown.
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50
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Alnahdi GH, Schwab S, Elahdi A, Alnahdi AH. The Positive Impact of Joint Activities on Students Attitudes Toward Peers With Disabilities. Front Psychol 2021; 12:690546. [PMID: 34566769 PMCID: PMC8455879 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.690546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Attitudes toward peers with disabilities play a crucial role in implementing inclusive education. This study examines how students' attitudes are associated with gender; having relatives with disabilities and the frequency of contact with them; attending a class that includes students with special educational needs (SEN); and having previous contact with SEN students through joint activities. Methods and Procedures: The participants included 652 elementary school students (grades 4-6) who completed a short version of the Chedoke-McMaster Attitudes Toward Children with Handicaps (CATCH) questionnaire in Arabic. Outcomes and Results: Students in inclusive classes express more positive attitudes in comparison with students in regular classes. However, previous contact through joint activities was associated with more positive attitudes. Females were more likely to hold positive views than males. Having relatives with disabilities had no effect; however, a high frequency of contact with them was associated with more positive perspectives. Conclusions and Implications: The findings on students' attitudes indicate that joint activities between students with and without disabilities are important to promote positive attitudes. Planned opportunities to increase frequent contact, and to promote joint activities between students with and without SEN are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaleb H Alnahdi
- Department of Special Education, College of Education, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Susanne Schwab
- Center for Teacher Education, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | | | - Aminah H Alnahdi
- Department of Special Education, College of Education, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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