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Peralta-Vallejo N, Güell-Falgueras P, Cañete T, Sampedro-Viana D, Río-Álamos C, Oliveras I, Tobeña A, Fernández-Teruel A. Schizophrenia-relevant social, attentional and cognitive traits in female RHA vs. RLA rats: Effects of neonatal handling. Behav Brain Res 2024; 459:114762. [PMID: 37977340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The Roman high- (RHA) and low-avoidance (RLA) rats were bidirectionally selected and bred for, respectively, their rapid vs. extremely poor acquisition in the two-way active avoidance task. Consistent between-strain neurobehavioural differences have been found in anxiety- and stress-linked traits, as well as in schizophrenia-related phenotypes. RLAs display enhanced anxious- and stress-related phenotypes, whereas RHA rats show impulsivity, hyperactivity and attention/cognition-related impairments. Many of these typical behavioural phenotypes have been reported to be positively modulated by environmental treatments such as neonatal handling (NH). However, most studies on the Roman rat strains have been carried out in males. Thus, the present study for the first time focused on the joint evaluation of differences in novel object exploration (NOE), social interaction (SI), prepulse inhibition of the startle response (PPI), and cognitive performance and flexibility in various spatial tasks (using the Morris water maze, MWM) in females of both Roman rat strains. We also aimed at evaluating the long-lasting effects of NH treatment on the RHA vs. RLA profiles in these tests/tasks. Results show that anxiety-related behavior, as measured by the NOE test and self-grooming in the SI test, was increased in RLA rats, and dramatically reduced by NH. In the SI test RLA rats displayed diminished social interaction, which was rescued by NH. RHA females exhibited a deficit of PPI, which was not affected by NH. Spatial tasks in the MWM showed impairments of working memory, reference learning/memory and spatial reversal learning (i.e., cognitive flexibility) in RHA females. Spatial reference learning and cognitive flexibility (i.e., reversal task) showed some improvement in rats (mainly in RHAs) that had received NH during the first three weeks of life. With the exception of the SI test, the pattern of differences between female RHA vs. RLA profiles was overall consistent with what has previously been found in males of both strains, and NH treatment was able to enduringly improve some emotion-related and (spatial) cognitive outcomes in both strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Peralta-Vallejo
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Güell-Falgueras
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Cañete
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Sampedro-Viana
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Río-Álamos
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ignasi Oliveras
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolf Tobeña
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Teruel
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Bulut F, Adam M, Özgen A, Hekim MG, Ozcan S, Canpolat S, Ozcan M. Protective effects of chronic humanin treatment in mice with diabetic encephalopathy: A focus on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Behav Brain Res 2023; 452:114584. [PMID: 37467966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is known to cause cognitive impairments through various mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Humanin (HN) has been shown to have protective effects on cognitive impairments induced by factors such as Aβ, muscarinic receptor antagonists, and aging in rodents. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of HN in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the context of diabetes are not well understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential protective role of HN on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in mice with diabetes. We divided the mice into four groups, including a control group (treated with saline), a humanin group (treated with 4 mg/kg of HN), a streptozotocin (STZ) group (diabetic control), and an STZ+Humanin group. The mice were administered HN daily for 15 days. Our results showed that in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of the diabetes group, oxidative stress parameters, pro-inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis and, blood glucose levels were increased, while antioxidant and anti-inflammatory cytokines were diminished compared to the control group. However, HN treatment was able to modulate these markers, including blood glucose and the markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. In conclusion, our findings suggest that hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis may contribute to the development of diabetes-induced cognitive impairments. By regulating these changes with HN treatment, we may be able to positively contribute to the treatment of cognitive impairments induced by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferah Bulut
- University of Firat, Department of Biophysics, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Muhammed Adam
- University of Firat, Department of Biophysics, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Aslışah Özgen
- University of Firat, Department of Physiology, Elazig, Turkey.
| | | | - Sibel Ozcan
- University of Firat, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Sinan Canpolat
- University of Firat, Department of Physiology, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Mete Ozcan
- University of Firat, Department of Physiology, Elazig, Turkey.
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3
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Understanding the Role of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Abnormal Myelination in Excessive Aggression Associated with Depression: Recent Input from Mechanistic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020915. [PMID: 36674429 PMCID: PMC9861430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggression and deficient cognitive control problems are widespread in psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). These abnormalities are known to contribute significantly to the accompanying functional impairment and the global burden of disease. Progress in the development of targeted treatments of excessive aggression and accompanying symptoms has been limited, and there exists a major unmet need to develop more efficacious treatments for depressed patients. Due to the complex nature and the clinical heterogeneity of MDD and the lack of precise knowledge regarding its pathophysiology, effective management is challenging. Nonetheless, the aetiology and pathophysiology of MDD has been the subject of extensive research and there is a vast body of the latest literature that points to new mechanisms for this disorder. Here, we overview the key mechanisms, which include neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, insulin receptor signalling and abnormal myelination. We discuss the hypotheses that have been proposed to unify these processes, as many of these pathways are integrated for the neurobiology of MDD. We also describe the current translational approaches in modelling depression, including the recent advances in stress models of MDD, and emerging novel therapies, including novel approaches to management of excessive aggression, such as anti-diabetic drugs, antioxidant treatment and herbal compositions.
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4
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Unal GO, Demirdas A, Nazıroglu M, Ovey IS. Agomelatine attenuates calcium signaling and apoptosis via the inhibition of TRPV1 channel in the hippocampal neurons of rats with chronic mild stress depression model. Behav Brain Res 2022; 434:114033. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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5
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Walker SC, Cavieres A, Peñaloza-Sancho V, El-Deredy W, McGlone FP, Dagnino-Subiabre A. C-low threshold mechanoafferent targeted dynamic touch modulates stress resilience in rats exposed to chronic mild stress. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:2925-2938. [PMID: 32852872 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Affiliative tactile interactions buffer social mammals against neurobiological and behavioral effects of stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the cutaneous mechanisms underlying such beneficial consequences of touch by determining whether daily stroking, specifically targeted to activate a velocity/force tuned class of low-threshold c-fiber mechanoreceptor (CLTM), confers resilience against established markers of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS). Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 2 weeks of CMS. Throughout the CMS protocol, some rats were stroked daily, either at CLTM optimal velocity (5 cm/s) or outside the CLTM optimal range (30 cm/s). A third CMS exposed group did not receive any tactile stimulation. The effect of CMS on serum corticosterone levels, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in these three groups was assessed in comparison to a control group of non-CMS exposed rats. While stroking did not mitigate the effects of CMS on body weight gain, CLTM optimal velocity stroking did significantly reduce CMS-induced elevations in corticosterone following an acute forced-swim. Rats receiving CLTM optimal stroking also showed significantly fewer anxiety-like behaviors (elevated plus-maze) than the other CMS exposed rats. In terms of depressive-like behavior, whereas the same velocity-specific resilience was observed in a forced-swim test and social interaction test both groups of stroked rats spent significantly less time interacting than control rats, though they also spent significantly less time in the corner than non-stroked CMS rats. Together, these findings support the theory CLTMs play a functional role in regulating the physiological condition of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah C Walker
- Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Antonia Cavieres
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, Center for Integrative Neurobiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Valentín Peñaloza-Sancho
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, Center for Integrative Neurobiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Wael El-Deredy
- Center for Research and Development in Health Engineering, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Francis P McGlone
- Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Institute of Psychology, Health & Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, Center for Integrative Neurobiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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6
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Kalocayova B, Snurikova D, Vlkovicova J, Navarova-Stara V, Michalikova D, Ujhazy E, Gasparova Z, Vrbjar N. Effect of handling on ATP utilization of cerebral Na,K-ATPase in rats with trimethyltin-induced neurodegeneration. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:4323-4330. [PMID: 34427815 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Previously it was shown that for reduction of anxiety and stress of experimental animals, preventive handling seems to be one of the most effective methods. The present study was oriented on Na,K-ATPase, a key enzyme for maintaining proper concentrations of intracellular sodium and potassium ions. Malfunction of this enzyme has an essential role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. It is known that this enzyme requires approximately 50% of the energy available to the brain. Therefore in the present study utilization of the energy source ATP by Na,K-ATPase in the frontal cerebral cortex, using the method of enzyme kinetics was investigated. As a model of neurodegeneration treatment with trimethyltin (TMT) was applied. Daily handling (10 min/day) of healthy rats and rats suffering neurodegeneration induced by administration of TMT in a dose of (7.5 mg/kg), at postnatal days 60-102 altered the expression of catalytic subunits of Na,K-ATPase as well as kinetic properties of this enzyme in the frontal cerebral cortex of adult male Wistar rats. In addition to the previously published beneficial effect on spatial memory, daily treatment of rats was accompanied by improved maintenance of sodium homeostasis in the frontal cortex. The key system responsible for this process, Na,K-ATPase, was able to utilize better the energy substrate ATP. In rats, manipulation of TMT-induced neurodegeneration promoted the expression of the α2 isoform of the enzyme, which is typical for glial cells. In healthy rats, manipulation was followed by increased expression of the α3 subunit, which is typical of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Kalocayova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Denisa Snurikova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Vlkovicova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Navarova-Stara
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Dominika Michalikova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Eduard Ujhazy
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zdenka Gasparova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Norbert Vrbjar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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7
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de Munter J, Pavlov D, Gorlova A, Sicker M, Proshin A, Kalueff AV, Svistunov A, Kiselev D, Nedorubov A, Morozov S, Umriukhin A, Lesch KP, Strekalova T, Schroeter CA. Increased Oxidative Stress in the Prefrontal Cortex as a Shared Feature of Depressive- and PTSD-Like Syndromes: Effects of a Standardized Herbal Antioxidant. Front Nutr 2021; 8:661455. [PMID: 33937310 PMCID: PMC8086427 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.661455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression (MD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) share common brain mechanisms and treatment strategies. Nowadays, the dramatically developing COVID-19 situation unavoidably results in stress, psychological trauma, and high incidence of MD and PTSD. Hence, the importance of the development of new treatments for these disorders cannot be overstated. Herbal medicine appears to be an effective and safe treatment with fewer side effects than classic pharmaca and that is affordable in low-income countries. Currently, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation attract increasing attention as important mechanisms of MD and PTSD. We investigated the effects of a standardized herbal cocktail (SHC), an extract of clove, bell pepper, basil, pomegranate, nettle, and other plants, that was designed as an antioxidant treatment in mouse models of MD and PTSD. In the MD model of “emotional” ultrasound stress (US), mice were subjected to ultrasound frequencies of 16–20 kHz, mimicking rodent sounds of anxiety/despair and “neutral” frequencies of 25–45 kHz, for three weeks and concomitantly treated with SHC. US-exposed mice showed elevated concentrations of oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl, increased gene and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 and other molecular changes in the prefrontal cortex as well as weight loss, helplessness, anxiety-like behavior, and neophobia that were ameliorated by the SHC treatment. In the PTSD model of the modified forced swim test (modFST), in which a 2-day swim is followed by an additional swim on day 5, mice were pretreated with SHC for 16 days. Increases in the floating behavior and oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in the prefrontal cortex of modFST-mice were prevented by the administration of SHC. Chromatography mass spectrometry revealed bioactive constituents of SHC, including D-ribofuranose, beta-D-lactose, malic, glyceric, and citric acids that can modulate oxidative stress, immunity, and gut and microbiome functions and, thus, are likely to be active antistress elements underlying the beneficial effects of SHC. Significant correlations of malondialdehyde concentration in the prefrontal cortex with altered measures of behavioral despair and anxiety-like behavior suggest that the accumulation of oxidative stress markers are a common biological feature of MD and PTSD that can be equally effectively targeted therapeutically with antioxidant therapy, such as the SHC investigated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes de Munter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dmitrii Pavlov
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Gorlova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Sicker
- Rehabilitation Research Unit of Clinic of Bad Kreuzbach, Bad Kreuzbach, Germany
| | - Andrey Proshin
- PK Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia.,Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Neuroscience Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia.,School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Svistunov
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Preclinical Research Center of Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniel Kiselev
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Preclinical Research Center of Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Budgetary Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Nedorubov
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Preclinical Research Center of Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Morozov
- Federal Budgetary Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksei Umriukhin
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Budgetary Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.,Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Careen A Schroeter
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Maastricht Medical Center Annadal, Maastricht, Netherlands
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8
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Rappeneau V, Wilmes L, Touma C. Molecular correlates of mitochondrial dysfunctions in major depression: Evidence from clinical and rodent studies. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 109:103555. [PMID: 32979495 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent stress-related mental disorders worldwide. Several biological mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of MDD have been proposed, including endocrine disturbances, neurotransmitter deficits, impaired neuronal plasticity, and more recently, mitochondrial dysfunctions. In this review, we provide an overview of relevant molecular correlates of mitochondrial dysfunction in MDD, based on findings from clinical studies and stress-induced rodent models. We also compare differences and similarities between the phenotypes of MDD patients and animal models. Our analysis of the literature reveals that both MDD and stress are associated, in humans and animals, with changes in mitochondrial biogenesis, redox imbalance, increased oxidative damages of cellular macromolecules, and apoptosis. Yet, a considerable amount of conflicting data exist and therefore, the translation of findings from clinical and preclinical research to novel therapies for MDD remains complex. Further studies are needed to advance our understanding of the molecular networks and biological mechanisms involving mitochondria in the pathophysiology of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Rappeneau
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Lars Wilmes
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Chadi Touma
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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Balikci A, Ilbay G, Ates N. Neonatal Tactile Stimulations Affect Genetic Generalized Epilepsy and Comorbid Depression-Like Behaviors. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:132. [PMID: 32792925 PMCID: PMC7390910 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that development of absence epilepsy and comorbid depression might be prevented by increased maternal care of the offspring, in which tactile stimulation induced by licking/grooming and non-nutritive contact seem to be crucial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of neonatal tactile stimulations (NTS) on absence epilepsy and depression-like behaviors in adulthood. Wistar Albino Glaxo from Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rat pups with a genetic predisposition to absence epilepsy were divided into tactile stimulation (TS) group, deep touch pressure (DTP) group, maternal separation (MS) group or control group. Between postnatal day 3 and 21, manipulations (TS, DTP, and MS) were carried out for 15 min and three times a day. Animals were submitted to locomotor activity, sucrose consumption test (SCT) and forced swimming test (FST) at five months of age. At the age of six months, the electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were conducted in order to quantify the spike-wave discharges (SWDs), which is the hallmark of absence epilepsy. The TS and DTP groups showed less and shorter SWDs in later life in comparison to maternally separated and control rats. SWDs’ number and total duration were significantly reduced in TS and DTP groups whereas mean duration of SWDs was reduced only in DTP group (p < 0.05). TS and DTP also decreased depression-like behaviors measured by SCT and FST in adult animals. In the SCT, number of approaches was significantly higher in TS and DTP groups than the maternally separated and control rats. In the FST, while the immobility latency of TS and DTP groups was significantly higher, only TS group showed significantly decreased immobility and increased swimming time. The results showed that NTS decreases both the number and length of SWDs and the depression-like behaviors in WAG/Rij rats probably by increasing arousal level and causing alterations in the level of some neurotrophic factors as well as in functions of the neural plasticity in the developing rat’s brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Balikci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gul Ilbay
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Nurbay Ates
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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10
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Roversi K, Buizza C, Brivio P, Calabrese F, Verheij MMM, Antoniazzi CTD, Burger ME, Riva MA, Homberg JR. Neonatal Tactile Stimulation Alters Behaviors in Heterozygous Serotonin Transporter Male Rats: Role of the Amygdala. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:142. [PMID: 32903627 PMCID: PMC7438747 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (SERT) gene, especially the short allele of the human serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), has been associated with the development of stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders. In line, exposure to early life stress in SERT knockout animals contributes to anxiety- and depression-like behavior. However, there is a lack of investigation of how early-life exposure to beneficial stimuli, such as tactile stimulation (TS), affects later life behavior in these animals. In this study, we investigated the effect of TS on social, anxiety, and anhedonic behavior in heterozygous SERT knockouts rats and wild-type controls and its impact on gene expression in the basolateral amygdala. Heterozygous SERT+/– rats were submitted to TS during postnatal days 8–14, for 10 min per day. In adulthood, rats were assessed for social and affective behavior. Besides, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) gene expression and its isoforms, components of glutamatergic and GABAergic systems as well as glucocorticoid-responsive genes were measured in the basolateral amygdala. We found that exposure to neonatal TS improved social and affective behavior in SERT+/– animals compared to naïve SERT+/– animals and was normalized to the level of naïve SERT+/+ animals. At the molecular level, we observed that TS per se affected Bdnf, the glucocorticoid-responsive genes Nr4a1, Gadd45β, the co-chaperone Fkbp5 as well as glutamatergic and GABAergic gene expression markers including the enzyme Gad67, the vesicular GABA transporter, and the vesicular glutamate transporter genes. Our results suggest that exposure of SERT+/– rats to neonatal TS can normalize their phenotype in adulthood and that TS per se alters the expression of plasticity and stress-related genes in the basolateral amygdala. These findings demonstrate the potential effect of a supportive stimulus in SERT rodents, which are more susceptible to develop psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Roversi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buizza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Brivio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Calabrese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michel M M Verheij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Caren T D Antoniazzi
- International Centre for Neurotherapeutics, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marilise E Burger
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Marco A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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11
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Gorlova A, Pavlov D, Anthony DC, Ponomarev ED, Sambon M, Proshin A, Shafarevich I, Babaevskaya D, Lesсh KP, Bettendorff L, Strekalova T. Thiamine and benfotiamine counteract ultrasound-induced aggression, normalize AMPA receptor expression and plasticity markers, and reduce oxidative stress in mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 156:107543. [PMID: 30817932 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The negative societal impacts associated with the increasing prevalence of violence and aggression is increasing, and, with this rise, is the need to understand the molecular and cellular changes that underpin ultrasound-induced aggressive behavior. In mice, stress-induced aggression is known to alter AMPA receptor subunit expression, plasticity markers, and oxidative stress within the brain. Here, we induced aggression in BALB/c mice using chronic ultrasound exposure and examined the impact of the psychoactive anti-oxidant compounds thiamine (vitamin B1), and its derivative benfotiamine, on AMPA receptor subunit expression, established plasticity markers, and oxidative stress. The administration of thiamine or benfotiamine (200 mg/kg/day) in drinking water decreased aggressive behavior following 3-weeks of ultrasound exposure and benfotiamine, reduced floating behavior in the swim test. The vehicle-treated ultrasound-exposed mice exhibited increases in protein carbonyl and total glutathione, altered AMPA receptor subunits expression, and decreased expression of plasticity markers. These ultrasound-induced effects were ameliorated by thiamine and benfotiamine treatment; in particular both antioxidants were able to reverse ultrasound-induced changes in GluA1 and GluA2 subunit expression, and, within the prefrontal cortex, significantly reversed the changes in protein carbonyl and polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) expression levels. Benfotiamine was usually more efficacious than thiamine. Thus, the thiamine compounds were able to counteract ultrasound-induced aggression, which was accompanied by the normalization of markers that have been showed to be associated with ultrasound-induced aggression. These commonly used, orally-active compounds may have considerable potential for use in the control of aggression within the community. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Current status of the neurobiology of aggression and impulsivity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gorlova
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL, 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Av. Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Trubetskaya Street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory1-12, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Pavlov
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL, 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Av. Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory1-12, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiiskaya Str, 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniel C Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Mansfield Road, OX1 3QT, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene D Ponomarev
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Margaux Sambon
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Av. Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Andrey Proshin
- Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Baltiiskaya Str, 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Shafarevich
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL, 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Trubetskaya Street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Diana Babaevskaya
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Trubetskaya Street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesсh
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL, 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Trubetskaya Street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lucien Bettendorff
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Av. Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, NL, 6229ER, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Trubetskaya Street 8-2, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiiskaya Str, 8, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
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Tactile Stimulation on Adulthood Modifies the HPA Axis, Neurotrophic Factors, and GFAP Signaling Reverting Depression-Like Behavior in Female Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6239-6250. [PMID: 30741369 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1522-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disease which pharmacological treatment relieves symptoms, but still far from ideal. Tactile stimulation (TS) has shown beneficial influences in neuropsychiatric disorders, but the mechanism of action is not clear. Here, we evaluated the TS influence when applied on adult female rats previously exposed to a reserpine-induced depression-like animal model. Immediately after reserpine model (1 mg/kg/mL, 1×/day, for 3 days), female Wistar rats were submitted to TS (15 min, 3×/day, for 8 days) or not (unhandled). Imipramine (10 mg/kg/mL) was used as positive control. After behavioral assessments, animals were euthanized to collect plasma and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Behavioral observations in the forced swimming test, splash test, and sucrose preference confirmed the reserpine-induced depression-like behavior, which was reversed by TS. Our findings showed that reserpine increased plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone, decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B, and increased proBDNF immunoreactivity in the PFC, which were also reversed by TS. Moreover, TS reestablished glial fibrillary acidic protein and glucocorticoid receptor levels, decreased by reserpine in PFC, while glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor was increased by TS per se. Our outcomes are showing that TS applied in adulthood exerts a beneficial influence in depression-like behaviors, modulating the HPA axis and regulating neurotrophic factors more effectively than imipramine. Based on this, our proposal is that TS, in the long term, could be considered a new therapeutic strategy for neuropsychiatric disorders improvement in adult life, which may represent an interesting contribution to conventional pharmacological treatment.
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Stara V, Mach M, Ujhazy E, Liptak B, Gasparova Z. Beneficial effect of 6 weeks lasting handling of adult rats on spatial memory in experimental model of neurodegeneration. Interdiscip Toxicol 2018; 11:217-220. [PMID: 31736636 PMCID: PMC6853005 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2018-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Handling is a form of experience which can result in physiological changes depending on the period of postnatal age when performed. There is a lot of evidence about the positive effect of neonatal handling, but a lack dealing with handling of adult rats. Behavioral changes and memory deficits are present in dementia-like disorders. In the present work, we tested whether 6 weeks lasting handling of young adult rats could revert memory impairment induced by trimethyltin (TMT) (7.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Testing rats in Morris water maze revealed significant effect of TMT as well significant effect of handling. We observed improvement of spatial memory also between healthy, non-degenerated rats as well as degenerated rats, represented by shorter latency onto the platform. In our paper, we report beneficial effect of handling on spatial memory that is in compliance with published works about beneficial effect of cognitive therapy and training in patients with early stage of Alzheimer΄s disease and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Stara
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Mojmir Mach
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Eduard Ujhazy
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Boris Liptak
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Zdenka Gasparova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Gao JY, Chen Y, Su DY, Marshall C, Xiao M. Depressive- and anxiety-like phenotypes in young adult APP Swe/PS1 dE9 transgenic mice with insensitivity to chronic mild stress. Behav Brain Res 2018; 353:114-123. [PMID: 30012417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and depression share many symptoms, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Therefore, characterizing the shared and different biological changes between the two disorders will be helpful in making an early diagnosis and planning treatment. In the present study, 8-week-old APPSwe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice received chronic mild stress (CMS) for 8 weeks followed by a series of behavioral, biochemical and pathological analyses. APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice showed depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, and reduced sociability, accompanied by high levels of soluble beta-amyloid, glial activation, neuroinflammation and brain derived neurotrophic factor signaling disturbance in the hippocampus. Notably, APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice exposure to CMS partially aggravated anxiety-like states rather than depressive-like responses and sociability deficits, with further elevated hippocampal interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. These results demonstrated that young adult APPSwe/PS1dE9 have depressive- and anxiety-like phenotypes that were resistant to CMS compared to wild-type mice. This finding may help to understand the pathogenic mechanism of psychiatric symptoms associated with early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ying Gao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Aging &Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Yuan Su
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Charles Marshall
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky Center for Excellence in Rural Health, Hazard, KY, United States
| | - Ming Xiao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory for Aging &Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Bhakta A, Gavini K, Yang E, Lyman-Henley L, Parameshwaran K. Chronic traumatic stress impairs memory in mice: Potential roles of acetylcholine, neuroinflammation and corticotropin releasing factor expression in the hippocampus. Behav Brain Res 2017; 335:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Kocot J, Luchowska-Kocot D, Kiełczykowska M, Musik I, Kurzepa J. Does Vitamin C Influence Neurodegenerative Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders? Nutrients 2017; 9:E659. [PMID: 28654017 PMCID: PMC5537779 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (Vit C) is considered to be a vital antioxidant molecule in the brain. Intracellular Vit C helps maintain integrity and function of several processes in the central nervous system (CNS), including neuronal maturation and differentiation, myelin formation, synthesis of catecholamine, modulation of neurotransmission and antioxidant protection. The importance of Vit C for CNS function has been proven by the fact that targeted deletion of the sodium-vitamin C co-transporter in mice results in widespread cerebral hemorrhage and death on post-natal day one. Since neurological diseases are characterized by increased free radical generation and the highest concentrations of Vit C in the body are found in the brain and neuroendocrine tissues, it is suggested that Vit C may change the course of neurological diseases and display potential therapeutic roles. The aim of this review is to update the current state of knowledge of the role of vitamin C on neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic sclerosis, as well as psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety and schizophrenia. The particular attention is attributed to understanding of the mechanisms underlying possible therapeutic properties of ascorbic acid in the presented disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kocot
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dorota Luchowska-Kocot
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Kiełczykowska
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Irena Musik
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
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17
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Siviy SM, Eck SR, McDowell LS, Soroka J. Effects of cross-fostering on play and anxiety in juvenile Fischer 344 and Lewis rats. Physiol Behav 2017; 169:147-154. [PMID: 27923716 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A cross-fostering design was used to assess the relative involvement of genetic variability and early postnatal experiences on differential levels of playfulness in juvenile Fischer 344 (F344) and Lewis (LEW) rats and the extent to which strain differences in anxiety may influence play in these two strains. F344 dams were found to lick and groom their pups less than LEW dams and this was not dependent upon the strain of the pups in the litter. As expected, F344 rats were less playful than LEW rats as demonstrated by fewer playful contacts directed to the nape of a Sprague-Dawley (SD) partner and a decreased likelihood of rotating completely to a supine position when their nape was contacted by the SD partner. These differences could not be readily explained by parallel strain differences in anxiety. The pattern of effects on play as a function of cross-fostering depended on both the genetic background of the pup and the motivational state of the pup prior to testing. Whereas in-fostered LEW pups solicited more play as isolation prior to testing increased from 4 to 24h, cross-fostered pups of both strains as well as in-fostered F344 pups were relatively insensitive to the motivational modulation of play solicitation. Responsiveness to play solicitations in pups of both strains reared by F344 dams was insensitive to prior isolation whereas pups reared by LEW dams were less likely to respond with a complete rotation to a supine position when solicited as isolation increased from 4 to 24h prior to testing. These data suggest that the overall level of playfulness in a particular strain of rat is fairly resistant to cross-fostering and may be particularly sensitive to genetic variation whereas how this urge is titrated and modified by motivational factors may be influenced more by epigenetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Siviy
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA.
| | - Samantha R Eck
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA
| | - Lana S McDowell
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA
| | - Jennifer Soroka
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA
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Antoniazzi CTD, Metz VG, Roversi K, Freitas DL, Vey LT, Dias VT, Segat HJ, Duarte MMMF, Burger ME. Tactile stimulation during different developmental periods modifies hippocampal BDNF and GR, affecting memory and behavior in adult rats. Hippocampus 2016; 27:210-220. [PMID: 27874237 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that tactile stimulation (TS) in pups is able to prevent and/or minimize fear, anxiety behaviors, and addiction to psychostimulant drugs in adult rats. In these studies, animals have been exposed to handling from postnatal day (PND) 1-21. This study was designed to precisely establish which period of preweaning development has a greater influence of TS on neuronal development. After birth, male pups were exposed to TS from PND1-7, PND8-14, and PND15-21. In adulthood, the different periods of postnatal TS were assessed through behavioral, biochemical, and molecular assessments. Animals that received TS from PND8-14 showed lower anxiety-like symptoms, as observed by decreased anxiety index in elevated plus maze. This same TS period was able to improve rats' working memory by increasing the percentage of alternation rate in Y-maze, and induce better ability to cope with stressful situations, as showed in the defensive burying test by a reduced time of burying behavior. On the other hand, animals receiving TS in the first week of life showed longest cumulative burying time, which is directly related to increased anxiety-like behavior. Moreover, TS from PND8-14 showed lower corticosterone levels and better oxidative status, as observed by decreased lipid peroxidation and increased catalase activity in the hippocampus. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunocontent was increased in the hippocampus of animals receiving TS from PND8-14, while glucocorticoid receptors immunocontent was decreased in both TS1-7 and TS15-21 , but not TS8-14 . To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show TS can be more efficient if applied over a focused period of neonatal development (PND8-14) and this beneficial influence can be reflected on reduced emotionality and increased ability to address stressful situations in adulthood. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren T D Antoniazzi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinícia G Metz
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Roversi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniele L Freitas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana T Vey
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Verônica T Dias
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Hecson J Segat
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Marilise E Burger
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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19
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Mild daily stressors in adulthood may counteract behavioural effects after constant presence of mother during early life. Physiol Behav 2016; 165:313-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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20
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Young-Adult Male Rats' Vulnerability to Chronic Mild Stress Is Reflected by Anxious-Like instead of Depressive-Like Behaviors. NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL 2016; 2016:5317242. [PMID: 27433469 PMCID: PMC4940564 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5317242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we found that chronic mild stress (CMS) paradigm did not induce anhedonia in young-adult male rats but it reduced their body weight gain. These contrasting results encouraged us to explore other indicators of animal's vulnerability to stress such as anxious-like behaviors, since stress is an etiologic factor also for anxiety. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the vulnerability of these animals to CMS using behavioral tests of depression or anxiety and measuring serum corticosterone. Male Wistar rats were exposed to four weeks of CMS; the animals' body weight and sucrose preference (indicator of anhedonia) were assessed after three weeks, and, after the fourth week, some animals were evaluated in a behavioral battery (elevated plus maze, defensive burying behavior, and forced swimming tests); meanwhile, others were used to measure serum corticosterone. We found that CMS (1) did not affect sucrose preference, immobility behavior in the forced swimming test, or serum corticosterone; (2) decreased body weight gain; and (3) increased the rat's entries into closed arms of the plus maze and the cumulative burying behavior. These data indicate that young male rats' vulnerability to CMS is reflected as poor body weight gain and anxious-like instead of depressive-like behaviors.
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Abstract
Play is an important part of normal childhood development and is seen in varied forms among many mammals. While not indispensable to normal development, playful social experiences as juveniles may provide an opportunity to develop flexible behavioral strategies when novel and uncertain situations arise as an adult. To understand the neurobiological mechanisms responsible for play and how the functions of play may relate to these neural substrates, the rat has become the model of choice. Play in the rat is easily quantified, tightly regulated, and can be modulated by genetic factors and postnatal experiences. Brain areas most likely to be involved in the modulation of play include regions within the prefrontal cortex, dorsal and ventral striatum, some regions of the amygdala, and habenula. This paper discusses what we currently know about the neurobiological substrates of play and how this can help illuminate functional questions about the putative benefits of play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Siviy
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA
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22
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Neonatal tactile stimulation decreases depression‐like and anxiety‐like behaviors and potentiates sertraline action in young rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015; 47:192-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Victoria NC, Murphy AZ. The long-term impact of early life pain on adult responses to anxiety and stress: Historical perspectives and empirical evidence. Exp Neurol 2015. [PMID: 26210872 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 1 in 6 infants are born prematurely each year. Typically, these infants spend 25 days in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) where they experience 10-18 painful and inflammatory procedures each day. Remarkably, pre-emptive analgesics and/or anesthesia are administered less than 25% of the time. Unalleviated pain during the perinatal period is associated with permanent decreases in pain sensitivity, blunted cortisol responses and high rates of neuropsychiatric disorders. To date, the mechanism(s) by which these long-term changes in stress and pain behavior occur, and whether such alterations can be prevented by appropriate analgesia at the time of insult, remains unclear. Work in our lab using a rodent model of early life pain suggests that inflammatory pain experienced on the day of birth blunts adult responses to stress- and pain-provoking stimuli, and dysregulates the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis in part through a permanent upregulation in central endogenous opioid tone. This review focuses on the long-term impact of neonatal inflammatory pain on adult anxiety- and stress-related responses, and underlying neuroanatomical changes in the context of endogenous pain control and the HPA axis. These two systems are in a state of exaggerated developmental plasticity early in postnatal life, and work in concert to respond to noxious or aversive stimuli. We present empirical evidence from animal and clinical studies, and discuss historical perspectives underlying the lack of analgesia/anesthetic use for early life pain in the modern NICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Victoria
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Anne Z Murphy
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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Smaga I, Niedzielska E, Gawlik M, Moniczewski A, Krzek J, Przegaliński E, Pera J, Filip M. Oxidative stress as an etiological factor and a potential treatment target of psychiatric disorders. Part 2. Depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and autism. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:569-80. [PMID: 25933971 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and autism, is far from being fully elucidated. In recent years, a potential role of the oxidative stress has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. A body of clinical and preclinical evidence indicates that psychiatric diseases are characterized by higher levels of oxidative biomarkers and with lower levels of antioxidant defense biomarkers in the brain and peripheral tissues. In this article, we review current knowledge on the role of the oxidative stress in psychiatric diseases, based on clinical trials and animal studies, in addition, we analyze the effects of drug-induced modulation of oxidative balance and explore pharmacotherapeutic strategies for oxidative stress reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Smaga
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Niedzielska
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawlik
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Moniczewski
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Krzek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Edmund Przegaliński
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Pera
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland; Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
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Dalmaz C, Noschang C, Krolow R, Raineki C, Lucion AB. How postnatal insults may program development: studies in animal models. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2015; 10:121-47. [PMID: 25287539 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1372-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During the postnatal period, the nervous system is modified and shaped by experience, in order to adjust it to the particular environment in which the animal will live. This plasticity, one of the most remarkable characteristics of the nervous system, promotes adaptive changes, but it also makes brain more vulnerable to insults. This chapter will focus on the effects of interventions during the postnatal development in animal models of neonatal handling (usually up to 15 min of handling) and maternal separation (usually at least for 3 h). Sex-specific changes and effects of prepubertal stress such as social isolation later on in life were also considered. These interventions during development induce long-lasting traces in the pups' nervous system, which will be reflected in changes in neuroendocrine functions, including the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axes; anxiety and cognitive performance; and feeding, sexual, and social behavior. These enduring changes may be adaptive or maladaptive, depending on the environment in which the animal will live. The challenge researchers facing now is to determine how to reverse the deleterious effects that may result from early-life stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Dalmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porte Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Antoniazzi CT, Boufleur N, Dolci G, Roversi K, Kuhn F, Pase CS, Dias VT, Roversi K, Barcelos R, Benvegnú DM, Bürger ME. Influence of neonatal tactile stimulation on amphetamine preference in young rats: Parameters of addiction and oxidative stress. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 124:341-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Tactile stimulation and neonatal isolation affect behavior and oxidative status linked to cocaine administration in young rats. Behav Processes 2014; 103:297-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Contextual fear conditioning in maternal separated rats: the amygdala as a site for alterations. Neurochem Res 2013; 39:384-93. [PMID: 24368626 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The first 2 weeks of life are a critical period for neural development in rats. Repeated long-term separation from the dam is considered to be one of the most potent stressors to which rat pups can be exposed, and permanently modifies neurobiological and behavioral parameters. Prolonged periods of maternal separation (MS) usually increase stress reactivity during adulthood, and enhance anxiety-like behavior. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of maternal separation during the neonatal period on memory as well as on biochemical parameters (Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and antioxidant enzymes activities) in the amygdala of adult rats. Females and male Wistar rats were subjected to repeated maternal separation (incubator at 32 °C, 3 h/day) during postnatal days 1-10. At 60 days of age, the subjects were exposed to a Contextual fear conditioning task. One week after the behavioral task, animals were sacrificed and the amygdala was dissected for evaluation of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and antioxidant enzymes activities. Student-t test showed significant MS effect, causing an increase of freezing time in the three exposures to the aversive context in both sexes. Considering biochemical parameters Student-t test showed significant MS effect causing an increase of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity in both sexes. On the other hand, no differences were found among the groups on the antioxidant enzymes activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT)] in male rats, but in females, we found a significant MS effect, causing an increase of CAT activity and no differences were found among the groups on SOD and GPx activities. Our results suggest a role of early rearing environment in programming fear learning and memory in adulthood. An early stress experience such as maternal separation may increase activity in the amygdala (as pointed by the increased activity of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase), affecting behaviors related to fear in adulthood, and this effect could be task-specific.
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Lohani M, Ahuja M, Buabeid MA, Schwartz D, Shannon D, Suppiramaniam V, Kemppainen B, Dhanasekaran M. Anti-oxidative and DNA Protecting Effects of Flavonoids-rich Scutellaria Lateriflora. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria lateriflora (American skullcap), a native plant of North America, has been used by Americans and Europeans as a nerve tonic for more than 200 years. In vivo studies have shown anxiolytic activity of S. lateriflora in animals and humans. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms of S. lateriflora are not fully understood. Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases such as anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and Parkinson's disease. Bioactive compounds present in various medicinal plants neutralize or scavenge toxic free radicals and thus suppress oxidative stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of S. lateriflora. The antioxidant potential of aqueous or ethanolic extracts of S. lateriflora was determined in mouse brain tissue using various biochemical assays. Protective effects of S. lateriflora against oxidative stress induced DNA fragmentation was determined using plasmid DNA. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts scavenged the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The ethanolic extract reduced tert-butyl peroxide-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides in the mouse brain homogenates. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract of S. lateriflora protected hydrogen peroxide-UV induced cleavage of supercoiled plasmid DNA. In conclusion, S. lateriflora exhibited significant antioxidant effects. The current findings posit S. lateriflora as one of the potential experimental herbal drugs that should be screened for its therapeutic potential against various oxidative stress associated mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Lohani
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Manuj Ahuja
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Manal A Buabeid
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Dean Schwartz
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Dennis Shannon
- Department of Agronomy and Soils, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Barbara Kemppainen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine
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Pase CS, Roversi K, Trevizol F, Roversi K, Kuhn FT, Schuster AJ, Vey LT, Dias VT, Barcelos RCS, Piccolo J, Emanuelli T, Bürger ME. Influence of perinatal trans fat on behavioral responses and brain oxidative status of adolescent rats acutely exposed to stress. Neuroscience 2013; 247:242-52. [PMID: 23742847 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Because consumption of processed foods has increased in the last decades and so far its potential influence on emotionality and susceptibility to stress is unknown, we studied the influence of different fatty acids (FA) on behavioral and biochemical parameters after acute restrain stress (AS) exposure. Two sequential generations of female rats were supplemented with soybean oil (control group; C-SO), fish oil (FO) and hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF) from pregnancy and during lactation. At 41days of age, half the animals of each supplemented group were exposed to AS and observed in open field and elevated plus maze task, followed by euthanasia for biochemical assessments. The HVF-supplemented group showed higher anxiety-like symptoms per se, while the C-SO and FO groups did not show these behaviors. Among groups exposed to AS, HVF showed locomotor restlessness in the open field, while both C-SO and HVF groups showed anxiety-like symptoms in the elevated plus maze, but this was not observed in the FO group. Biochemical evaluations showed higher lipoperoxidation levels and lower cell viability in cortex in the HVF group. In addition, HVF-treated rats showed reduced catalase activity in striatum and hippocampus, as well as increased generation of reactive species in striatum, while FO was associated with increased cell viability in the hippocampus. Among groups exposed to AS, HVF increased reactive species generation in the brain, decreased cell viability in the cortex and striatum, and decreased catalase activity in the striatum and hippocampus. Taken together, our findings show that the type of FA provided during development and growth over two generations is able to modify the brain oxidative status, which was particularly adversely affected by trans fat. In addition, the harmful influence of chronic consumption of trans fats as observed in this study can enhance emotionality and anxiety parameters resulting from stressful situations of everyday life, which can trigger more severe neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Pase
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, RS, Brazil
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