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Zhao Y, Wang J, Shi S, Lan X, Cheng X, Li L, Zou Y, Jia L, Liu W, Luo Q, Chen Z, Huang C. LanCL2 Implicates in Testicular Redox Homeostasis and Acrosomal Maturation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:534. [PMID: 38790639 PMCID: PMC11117947 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox balance plays an important role in testicular homeostasis. While lots of antioxidant molecules have been identified as widely expressed, the understanding of the critical mechanisms for redox management in male germ cells is inadequate. This study identified LanCL2 as a major male germ cell-specific antioxidant gene that is important for testicular homeostasis. Highly expressed in the brain and testis, LanCL2 expression correlates with testicular maturation and brain development. LanCL2 is enriched in spermatocytes and round spermatids of the testis. By examining LanCL2 knockout mice, we found that LanCL2 deletion did not affect postnatal brain development but injured the sperm parameters of adult mice. With histopathological analysis, we noticed that LanCL2 KO caused a pre-maturation and accelerated the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells in the early stage of spermatogenesis. In contrast, at the adult stage, LanCL2 KO damaged the acrosomal maturation in spermiogenesis, resulting in spermatogenic defects with a reduced number and motility of spermatozoa. Furthermore, we show that this disruption of testicular homeostasis in the LanCL2 KO testis was due to dysbalanced testicular redox homeostasis. This study demonstrates the critical role of LanCL2 in testicular homeostasis and redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Zhao
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jichen Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shuai Shi
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinting Lan
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lanlan Jia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Tubau-Juni N, Hontecillas R, Leber AJ, Alva SS, Bassaganya-Riera J. Treating Autoimmune Diseases With LANCL2 Therapeutics: A Novel Immunoregulatory Mechanism for Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:671-680. [PMID: 37934790 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 (LANCL2) therapeutics have gained increasing recognition as a novel treatment modality for a wide range of autoimmune diseases. Genetic ablation of LANCL2 in mice results in severe inflammatory phenotypes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and lupus. Pharmacological activation of LANCL2 provides therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of intestinal inflammation, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis. Mechanistically, LANCL2 activation enhances regulatory CD4 + T cell (Treg) responses and downregulates effector responses in the gut. The stability and suppressive capacities of Treg cells are enhanced by LANCL2 activation through engagement of immunoregulatory mechanisms that favor mitochondrial metabolism and amplify IL-2/CD25 signaling. Omilancor, the most advanced LANCL2 immunoregulatory therapeutic in late-stage clinical development, is a phase 3 ready, first-in-class, gut-restricted, oral, once-daily, small-molecule therapeutic in clinical development for the treatment of UC and CD. In this review, we discuss this novel mechanism of mucosal immunoregulation and how LANCL2-targeting therapeutics could help address the unmet clinical needs of patients with autoimmune diseases, starting with IBD.
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Scarano N, Di Palma F, Origlia N, Musumeci F, Schenone S, Spinelli S, Passalacqua M, Zocchi E, Sturla L, Cichero E, Cavalli A. New Insights into the LANCL2- ABA Binding Mode towards the Evaluation of New LANCL Agonists. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2754. [PMID: 38140095 PMCID: PMC10747503 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The lanthionine synthetase C-like (LANCL) proteins include LANCL2, which is expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and in peripheral tissues. LANCL2 exhibits glutathionylation activity and is involved in the neutralization of reactive electrophiles. Several studies explored LANCL2 activation as a validated pharmacological target for diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease. In this context, LANCL2 was found to bind the natural product abscisic acid (ABA), whose pre-clinical effectiveness in different inflammatory diseases was reported in the literature. More recently, LANCL2 attracted more attention as a valuable resource in the field of neurodegenerative disorders. ABA was found to regulate neuro-inflammation and synaptic plasticity to enhance learning and memory, exhibiting promising neuroprotective effects. Up until now, a limited number of LANCL2 ligands are known; among them, BT-11 is the only compound patented and investigated for its anti-inflammatory properties. To guide the design of novel putative LANCL2 agonists, a computational study including molecular docking and long molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of both ABA and BT-11 was carried out. The results pointed out the main LANCL2 ligand chemical features towards the following virtual screening of a novel putative LANCL2 agonist (AR-42). Biochemical assays on rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes showed a similar, LANCL2-mediated stimulation by BT-11 and by AR-42 of the mitochondrial proton gradient and of the transcriptional activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/Sirt1 axis, the master regulator of mitochondrial function, effects that are previously observed with ABA. These results may allow the development of LANCL2 agonists for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction, a common feature of chronic and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Scarano
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (N.S.); (F.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesco Di Palma
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (F.D.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Nicola Origlia
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (N.S.); (F.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Schenone
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (N.S.); (F.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonia Spinelli
- Laboratorio di Nefrologia Molecolare, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Mario Passalacqua
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.P.); (E.Z.)
| | - Elena Zocchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.P.); (E.Z.)
| | - Laura Sturla
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.P.); (E.Z.)
| | - Elena Cichero
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (N.S.); (F.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (F.D.P.); (A.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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4
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Maixner D, Christy D, Kong L, Viatchenko-Karpinski V, Horner A, Hooks S, Weng HR. Phytohormone abscisic acid ameliorates neuropathic pain via regulating LANCL2 protein abundance and glial activation at the spinal cord. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221107781. [PMID: 35647699 PMCID: PMC9248043 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221107781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the genesis of neuropathic
pain. Accumulating data suggest that abscisic acid (ABA), a phytohormone,
regulates inflammatory processes in mammals. In this study, we found that
reduction of the LANCL2 receptor protein but not the agonist ABA in the spinal
cord is associated with the genesis of neuropathic pain. Systemic or intrathecal
administration of ABA ameliorates the development and pre-existence of
mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia in animals with partial sciatic nerve
ligation (pSNL). LANCL2 is expressed only in microglia in the spinal dorsal
horn. Pre-emptive treatment with ABA attenuates activation of microglia and
astrocytes, ERK activity, and TNFα protein abundance in the dorsal horn in rats
with pSNL. These are accompanied by restoration of spinal LANCL2 protein
abundance. Spinal knockdown of LANCL2 gene with siRNA recapitulates the
behavioral and spinal molecular changes induced by pSNL. Activation of spinal
toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with lipopolysaccharide leads to activation of
microglia, and over production of TNFα, which are concurrently accompanied by
suppression of protein levels of LANCL2 and peroxisome proliferator
activated-receptor γ. These changes are ameliorated when ABA is added with LPS.
The anti-inflammatory effects induced by ABA do not requires Gi
protein activity. Our study reveals that the ABA/LANCL2 system is a powerful
endogenous system regulating spinal neuroinflammation and nociceptive
processing, suggesting the potential utility of ABA as the management of
neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Maixner
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences15506University of Georgia College of Pharmacy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Han-Rong Weng
- Basic Sciences436933California Northstate University
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5
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Hensley K, Danekas A, Farrell W, Garcia T, Mehboob W, White M. At the intersection of sulfur redox chemistry, cellular signal transduction and proteostasis: A useful perspective from which to understand and treat neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:161-173. [PMID: 34863876 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although we can thoroughly describe individual neurodegenerative diseases from the molecular level through cell biology to histology and clinical presentation, our understanding of them and hence treatment gains have been depressingly limited, partly due to difficulty conceptualizing different diseases as variations within the same overarching pathological rubric. This review endeavors to create such rubric by knitting together the seemingly disparate phenomena of oxidative stress, dysregulated proteostasis, and neuroinflammation into a cohesive triad that highlights mechanistic connectivities. We begin by considering that brain metabolic demands necessitate careful control of oxidative homeostasis, largely through sulfur redox chemistry and glutathione (GSH). GSH is essential for brain antioxidant defense, but also for redox signaling and thus neuroinflammation. Delicate regulation of neuroinflammatory pathways (NFκB, MAPK-p38, and NLRP3 particularly) occurs through S-glutathionylation of protein phosphatases but also through redox-sensing elements like ASK1; the 26S proteasome and cysteine deubiquitinases (DUBs). The relationship amongst triad elements is underscored by our discovery that LanCL1 (lanthionine synthetase-like protein-1) protects against oxidant toxicity; mediates GSH-dependent reactivation of oxidized DUBs; and antagonizes the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). We highlight currently promising pharmacological efforts to modulate key triad elements and suggest nexus points that might be exploited to further clinical advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Hensley
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA.
| | - Alexis Danekas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - William Farrell
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Tiera Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Wafa Mehboob
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Matthew White
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
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Li Y, Chen J, Bolinger AA, Chen H, Liu Z, Cong Y, Brasier AR, Pinchuk IV, Tian B, Zhou J. Target-Based Small Molecule Drug Discovery Towards Novel Therapeutics for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:S38-S62. [PMID: 34791293 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a class of severe and chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with recurrent symptoms and significant morbidity. Long-term persistence of chronic inflammation in IBD is a major contributing factor to neoplastic transformation and the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Conversely, persistence of transmural inflammation in CD is associated with formation of fibrosing strictures, resulting in substantial morbidity. The recent introduction of biological response modifiers as IBD therapies, such as antibodies neutralizing tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, have replaced nonselective anti-inflammatory corticosteroids in disease management. However, a large proportion (~40%) of patients with the treatment of anti-TNF-α antibodies are discontinued or withdrawn from therapy because of (1) primary nonresponse, (2) secondary loss of response, (3) opportunistic infection, or (4) onset of cancer. Therefore, the development of novel and effective therapeutics targeting specific signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of IBD is urgently needed. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the recent advances in drug discovery of new small molecules in preclinical or clinical development for treating IBD that target biologically relevant pathways in mucosal inflammation. These include intracellular enzymes (Janus kinases, receptor interacting protein, phosphodiesterase 4, IκB kinase), integrins, G protein-coupled receptors (S1P, CCR9, CXCR4, CB2) and inflammasome mediators (NLRP3), etc. We will also discuss emerging evidence of a distinct mechanism of action, bromodomain-containing protein 4, an epigenetic regulator of pathways involved in the activation, communication, and trafficking of immune cells. We highlight their chemotypes, mode of actions, structure-activity relationships, characterizations, and their in vitro/in vivo activities and therapeutic potential. The perspectives on the relevant challenges, new opportunities, and future directions in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jianping Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew A Bolinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Irina V Pinchuk
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, PA, USA
| | - Bing Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Zhao HF, Zhou XM, Wang J, Chen FF, Wu CP, Diao PY, Cai LR, Chen L, Xu YW, Liu J, Li ZY, Liu WL, Chen ZP, Huang GD, Li WP. Identification of prognostic values defined by copy number variation, mRNA and protein expression of LANCL2 and EGFR in glioblastoma patients. J Transl Med 2021; 19:372. [PMID: 34461927 PMCID: PMC8404333 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 (LanCL2) genes locate in the same amplicon, and co-amplification of EGFR and LANCL2 is frequent in glioblastoma. However, the prognostic value of LANCL2 and EGFR co-amplification, and their mRNA and protein expression in glioblastoma remain unclear yet. METHODS This study analyzed the prognostic values of the copy number variations (CNVs), mRNA and protein expression of LANCL2 and EGFR in 575 glioblastoma patients in TCGA database and 100 glioblastoma patients in tumor banks of the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital and the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. RESULTS The amplification of LANCL2 or EGFR, and their co-amplification were frequent in glioblastoma of TCGA database and our tumor banks. A significant correlation was found between the CNVs of LANCL2 and EGFR (p < 0.001). CNVs of LANCL2 or EGFR were significantly correlated with IDH1/2 mutation but not MGMT promoter methylation. Multivariate analysis showed that LANCL2 amplification was significantly correlated with reduced overall survival (OS) in younger (< 60 years) glioblastoma patients of TCGA database (p = 0.043, HR = 1.657) and our tumor banks (p = 0.018, HR = 2.199). However, LANCL2 or EGFR amplification, and their co-amplification had no significant impact on OS in older (≥ 60 years) or IDH1/2-wild-type glioblastoma patients. mRNA and protein overexpression of LANCL2 and EGFR was also frequently found in glioblastoma. The mRNA expression rather than the protein expression of LANCL2 and EGFR was positively correlated (p < 0.001). However, mRNA or protein expression of EGFR and LANCL2 was not significantly correlated with OS of glioblastoma patients. The protein expression level of LANCL2, rather than EGFR, was elevated in relapsing glioblastoma, compared with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. In addition, the intracellular localization of LanCL2, not EGFR, was associated with the grade of gliomas. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, amplification and mRNA overexpression of LANCL2 and EGFR, and their co-amplification and co-expression were frequent in glioblastoma patients. Our findings suggest that amplification of LANCL2 and EGFR were the independent diagnostic biomarkers for glioblastoma patients, and LANCL2 amplification was a significant prognostic factor for OS in younger glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Fu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Xiu-Ming Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.,Epilepsy Center, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, 510510, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fan-Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Chang-Peng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Longhua District, Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Peng-Yu Diao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Lin-Rong Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yan-Wen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Zong-Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Wen-Lan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guo-Dong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Wei-Ping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
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8
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Lai KY, Galan SRG, Zeng Y, Zhou TH, He C, Raj R, Riedl J, Liu S, Chooi KP, Garg N, Zeng M, Jones LH, Hutchings GJ, Mohammed S, Nair SK, Chen J, Davis BG, van der Donk WA. LanCLs add glutathione to dehydroamino acids generated at phosphorylated sites in the proteome. Cell 2021; 184:2680-2695.e26. [PMID: 33932340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-mediated damage repair or mitigation, while common for nucleic acids, is rare for proteins. Examples of protein damage are elimination of phosphorylated Ser/Thr to dehydroalanine/dehydrobutyrine (Dha/Dhb) in pathogenesis and aging. Bacterial LanC enzymes use Dha/Dhb to form carbon-sulfur linkages in antimicrobial peptides, but the functions of eukaryotic LanC-like (LanCL) counterparts are unknown. We show that LanCLs catalyze the addition of glutathione to Dha/Dhb in proteins, driving irreversible C-glutathionylation. Chemo-enzymatic methods were developed to site-selectively incorporate Dha/Dhb at phospho-regulated sites in kinases. In human MAPK-MEK1, such "elimination damage" generated aberrantly activated kinases, which were deactivated by LanCL-mediated C-glutathionylation. Surveys of endogenous proteins bearing damage from elimination (the eliminylome) also suggest it is a source of electrophilic reactivity. LanCLs thus remove these reactive electrophiles and their potentially dysregulatory effects from the proteome. As knockout of LanCL in mice can result in premature death, repair of this kind of protein damage appears important physiologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yu Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sébastien R G Galan
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Yibo Zeng
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0FA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Tianhui Hina Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chang He
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ritu Raj
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jitka Riedl
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - K Phin Chooi
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Neha Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lyn H Jones
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 360 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0FA, UK; Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Shabaz Mohammed
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Satish K Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Benjamin G Davis
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK.
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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9
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Rewiring of Cancer Cell Metabolism by Mitochondrial VDAC1 Depletion Results in Time-Dependent Tumor Reprogramming: Glioblastoma as a Proof of Concept. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111330. [PMID: 31661894 PMCID: PMC6912264 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprograming of the metabolism of cancer cells is an event recognized as a hallmark of the disease. The mitochondrial gatekeeper, voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), mediates transport of metabolites and ions in and out of mitochondria, and is involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Here, we compared the effects of reducing hVDAC1 expression in a glioblastoma xenograft using human-specific si-RNA (si-hVDAC1) for a short (19 days) and a long term (40 days). Tumors underwent reprograming, reflected in rewired metabolism, eradication of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and differentiation. Short- and long-term treatments of the tumors with si-hVDAC1 similarly reduced the expression of metabolism-related enzymes, and translocator protein (TSPO) and CSCs markers. In contrast, differentiation into cells expressing astrocyte or neuronal markers was noted only after a long period during which the tumor cells were hVDAC1-depleted. This suggests that tumor cell differentiation is a prolonged process that precedes metabolic reprograming and the “disappearance” of CSCs. Tumor proteomics analysis revealing global changes in the expression levels of proteins associated with signaling, synthesis and degradation of proteins, DNA structure and replication and epigenetic changes, all of which were highly altered after a long period of si-hVDAC1 tumor treatment. The depletion of hVDAC1 greatly reduced the levels of the multifunctional translocator protein TSPO, which is overexpressed in both the mitochondria and the nucleus of the tumor. The results thus show that VDAC1 depletion-mediated cancer cell metabolic reprograming involves a chain of events occurring in a sequential manner leading to a reversal of the unique properties of the tumor, indicative of the interplay between metabolism and oncogenic signaling networks.
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10
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Bennink S, von Bohl A, Ngwa CJ, Henschel L, Kuehn A, Pilch N, Weißbach T, Rosinski AN, Scheuermayer M, Repnik U, Przyborski JM, Minns AM, Orchard LM, Griffiths G, Lindner SE, Llinás M, Pradel G. A seven-helix protein constitutes stress granules crucial for regulating translation during human-to-mosquito transmission of Plasmodium falciparum. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007249. [PMID: 30133543 PMCID: PMC6122839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex life-cycle of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum requires a high degree of tight coordination allowing the parasite to adapt to changing environments. One of the major challenges for the parasite is the human-to-mosquito transmission, which starts with the differentiation of blood stage parasites into the transmissible gametocytes, followed by the rapid conversion of the gametocytes into gametes, once they are taken up by the blood-feeding Anopheles vector. In order to pre-adapt to this change of host, the gametocytes store transcripts in stress granules that encode proteins needed for parasite development in the mosquito. Here we report on a novel stress granule component, the seven-helix protein 7-Helix-1. The protein, a homolog of the human stress response regulator LanC-like 2, accumulates in stress granules of female gametocytes and interacts with ribonucleoproteins, such as CITH, DOZI, and PABP1. Malaria parasites lacking 7-Helix-1 are significantly impaired in female gametogenesis and thus transmission to the mosquito. Lack of 7-Helix-1 further leads to a deregulation of components required for protein synthesis. Consistently, inhibitors of translation could mimic the 7-Helix-1 loss-of-function phenotype. 7-Helix-1 forms a complex with the RNA-binding protein Puf2, a translational regulator of the female-specific antigen Pfs25, as well as with pfs25-coding mRNA. In accord, gametocytes deficient of 7-Helix-1 exhibit impaired Pfs25 synthesis. Our data demonstrate that 7-Helix-1 constitutes stress granules crucial for regulating the synthesis of proteins needed for life-cycle progression of Plasmodium in the mosquito vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bennink
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas von Bohl
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Che J. Ngwa
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leonie Henschel
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrea Kuehn
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Pilch
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Weißbach
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alina N. Rosinski
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Urska Repnik
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Allen M. Minns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Lindsey M. Orchard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | | | - Scott E. Lindner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Manuel Llinás
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry & Huck Center for Malaria Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Gabriele Pradel
- Division of Cellular and Applied Infection Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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11
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Dutta D, Lai KY, Reyes-Ordoñez A, Chen J, van der Donk WA. Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LanCL2) is important for adipogenic differentiation. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1433-1445. [PMID: 29880530 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m085274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipogenic differentiation is a highly regulated process that is necessary for metabolic homeostasis and nutrient sensing. The expression of PPARγ and the subsequent activation of adipogenic genes is critical for the process. In this study, we identified lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LanCL2) as a positive regulator of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Knockdown of LanCL2, but not LanCL1, inhibited adipogenic differentiation, and this effect was not mediated through cAMP or Akt signaling pathways. The expression of early adipogenic markers CCAAT enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and C/EBPδ remained intact in LanCL2 knockdown cells, but levels of late adipogenic markers PPARγ and C/EBPα were suppressed. The addition of the naturally occurring PPARγ activator 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 or conditioned medium from differentiating cells did not restore differentiation, implying that LanCL2 may not be involved in the production of a secreted endogenous PPARγ ligand. Pulldown assays demonstrated a direct physical interaction between LanCL2 and PPARγ. Consistent with a regulatory role of LanCL2, luciferase reporter assays revealed that full transcriptional activation by PPARγ was dependent on LanCL2. Taken together, our study reveals a novel role of LanCL2 in adipogenesis, specifically involved in PPARγ-mediated transactivation of downstream adipogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debapriya Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Kuan-Yu Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Adriana Reyes-Ordoñez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
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12
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Cichero E, Fresia C, Guida L, Booz V, Millo E, Scotti C, Iamele L, de Jonge H, Galante D, De Flora A, Sturla L, Vigliarolo T, Zocchi E, Fossa P. Identification of a high affinity binding site for abscisic acid on human lanthionine synthetase component C-like protein 2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 97:52-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Kaempf N, Maritzen T. Safeguards of Neurotransmission: Endocytic Adaptors as Regulators of Synaptic Vesicle Composition and Function. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:320. [PMID: 29085282 PMCID: PMC5649181 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication between neurons relies on neurotransmitters which are released from synaptic vesicles (SVs) upon Ca2+ stimuli. To efficiently load neurotransmitters, sense the rise in intracellular Ca2+ and fuse with the presynaptic membrane, SVs need to be equipped with a stringently controlled set of transmembrane proteins. In fact, changes in SV protein composition quickly compromise neurotransmission and most prominently give rise to epileptic seizures. During exocytosis SVs fully collapse into the presynaptic membrane and consequently have to be replenished to sustain neurotransmission. Therefore, surface-stranded SV proteins have to be efficiently retrieved post-fusion to be used for the generation of a new set of fully functional SVs, a process in which dedicated endocytic sorting adaptors play a crucial role. The question of how the precise reformation of SVs is achieved is intimately linked to how SV membranes are retrieved. For a long time both processes were believed to be two sides of the same coin since Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), the proposed predominant SV recycling mode, will jointly retrieve SV membranes and proteins. However, with the recent proposal of Clathrin-independent SV recycling pathways SV membrane retrieval and SV reformation turn into separable events. This review highlights the progress made in unraveling the molecular mechanisms mediating the high-fidelity retrieval of SV proteins and discusses how the gathered knowledge about SV protein recycling fits in with the new notions of SV membrane endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kaempf
- Molecular Physiology and Cell Biology Section, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Maritzen
- Molecular Physiology and Cell Biology Section, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
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14
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Comparative genomic and proteomic analysis of high grade glioma primary cultures and matched tumor in situ. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:2245-56. [PMID: 22705586 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing targeted therapies for high grade gliomas (HGG), the most common primary brain tumor in adults, relies largely on glioma cultures. However, it is unclear if HGG tumorigenic signaling pathways are retained under in-vitro conditions. Using array comparative genomic hybridization and immunohistochemical profiling, we contrasted the epidermal and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (EGFR/PDGFR) in-vitro pathway status of twenty-six primary HGG cultures with the pathway status of their original HGG biopsies. Genomic gains or amplifications were lost during culturing while genomic losses were more likely to be retained. Loss of EGFR amplification was further verified immunohistochemically when EGFR over expression was decreased in the majority of cultures. Conversely, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ were more abundantly expressed in primary cultures than in the original tumor (p<0.05). Despite these genomic and proteomic differences, primary HGG cultures retained key aspects of dysregulated tumorigenic signaling. Both in-vivo and in-vitro the presence of EGFR resulted in downstream activation of P70s6K while reduced downstream activation was associated with the presence of PDGFR and the tumor suppressor, PTEN. The preserved pathway dysregulation make this glioma model suitable for further studies of glioma tumorigenesis, however individual culture related differences must be taken into consideration when testing responsiveness to chemotherapeutic agents.
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15
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Lu P, Hontecillas R, Horne WT, Carbo A, Viladomiu M, Pedragosa M, Bevan DR, Lewis SN, Bassaganya-Riera J. Computational modeling-based discovery of novel classes of anti-inflammatory drugs that target lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34643. [PMID: 22509338 PMCID: PMC3324509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lanthionine synthetase component C-like protein 2 (LANCL2) is a member of the eukaryotic lanthionine synthetase component C-Like protein family involved in signal transduction and insulin sensitization. Recently, LANCL2 is a target for the binding and signaling of abscisic acid (ABA), a plant hormone with anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Methodology/Principal Findings The goal of this study was to determine the role of LANCL2 as a potential therapeutic target for developing novel drugs and nutraceuticals against inflammatory diseases. Previously, we performed homology modeling to construct a three-dimensional structure of LANCL2 using the crystal structure of lanthionine synthetase component C-like protein 1 (LANCL1) as a template. Using this model, structure-based virtual screening was performed using compounds from NCI (National Cancer Institute) Diversity Set II, ChemBridge, ZINC natural products, and FDA-approved drugs databases. Several potential ligands were identified using molecular docking. In order to validate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the top ranked compound (NSC61610) in the NCI Diversity Set II, a series of in vitro and pre-clinical efficacy studies were performed using a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Our findings showed that the lead compound, NSC61610, activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in a LANCL2- and adenylate cyclase/cAMP dependent manner in vitro and ameliorated experimental colitis by down-modulating colonic inflammatory gene expression and favoring regulatory T cell responses. Conclusions/Significance LANCL2 is a novel therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. High-throughput, structure-based virtual screening is an effective computational-based drug design method for discovering anti-inflammatory LANCL2-based drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinyi Lu
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PL); (JBR)
| | - Raquel Hontecillas
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - William T. Horne
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Adria Carbo
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Monica Viladomiu
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Mireia Pedragosa
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - David R. Bevan
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Stephanie N. Lewis
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Josep Bassaganya-Riera
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PL); (JBR)
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16
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McIntosh JA, Donia MS, Schmidt EW. Ribosomal peptide natural products: bridging the ribosomal and nonribosomal worlds. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:537-59. [PMID: 19642421 PMCID: PMC2975598 DOI: 10.1039/b714132g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomally synthesized bacterial natural products rival the nonribosomal peptides in their structural and functional diversity. The last decade has seen substantial progress in the identification and characterization of biosynthetic pathways leading to ribosomal peptide natural products with new and unusual structural motifs. In some of these cases, the motifs are similar to those found in nonribosomal peptides, and many are constructed by convergent or even paralogous enzymes. Here, we summarize the major structural and biosynthetic categories of ribosomally synthesized bacterial natural products and, where applicable, compare them to their homologs from nonribosomal biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. McIntosh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East Rm 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Mohamed S. Donia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East Rm 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Eric W. Schmidt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East Rm 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
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17
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Chen JG, Ellis BE. GCR2 is a new member of the eukaryotic lanthionine synthetase component C-like protein family. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2008; 3:307-10. [PMID: 19841654 PMCID: PMC2634266 DOI: 10.4161/psb.3.5.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Accepted: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
GCR2 was recently proposed to represent a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for the plant hormone, abscisic acid (ABA). We and others provided evidence that GCR2 is unlikely to be a bona fide GPCR because it is not clearly predicted to contain seven transmembrane domains, a structural hallmark for classical GPCRs. Instead, GCR2 shows significant sequence similarity to homologs of bacterial lanthionine synthetase component C (LanC). Here, we provide additional analysis of GCR2 and LanC-like (LANCL) proteins in plants, and propose that GCR2 is a new member of the eukaryotic LANCL protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Gui Chen
- Department of Botany; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brian E Ellis
- Michael Smith Laboratories; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, Canada
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18
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Landlinger C, Salzer U, Prohaska R. Myristoylation of human LanC-like protein 2 (LANCL2) is essential for the interaction with the plasma membrane and the increase in cellular sensitivity to adriamycin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2006; 1758:1759-67. [PMID: 16979580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Revised: 06/22/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human LANCL2, also known as Testis-specific Adriamycin Sensitivity Protein (TASP), is a member of the highly conserved and widely distributed lanthionine synthetase component C-like (LANCL) protein family. Expression studies of tagged LANCL2 revealed the major localization to the plasma membrane, juxta-nuclear vesicles, and the nucleus, in contrast to the homologue LANCL1 that was mainly found in the cytosol and nucleus. We identified the unique N-terminus of LANCL2 to function as the membrane anchor and characterized the relevant N-terminal myristoylation and a basic phosphatidylinositol phosphate-binding site. Interestingly, the non-myristoylated protein was confined to the nucleus indicating that the myristoylation targets LANCL2 to the plasma membrane. Cholesterol depletion by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin caused the partial dissociation of overexpressed LANCL2 from the plasma membrane in vitro, whereas in vivo we observed an enhanced cell detachment from the matrix. We found that overexpressed LANCL2 interacts with the cortical actin cytoskeleton and therefore may play a role in cytoskeleton reorganization and in consequence to cell detachment. Moreover, we confirmed previous data that LANCL2 overexpression enhances the cellular sensitivity to the anticancer drug adriamycin and found that this sensitivity is dependent on the myristoylation and membrane association of LANCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Landlinger
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/3, Vienna A-1030, Austria
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