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Tan S, Ding X, Pan D, Xu Y, Wang C, Yan J, Chen C, Wang L, Wang X, Yang M, Xu Y. Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel PET Tracer for Noninvasive Evaluation of FGL1 Status in Tumors. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3425-3433. [PMID: 38836286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) is a potential novel immune checkpoint target for malignant tumor diagnosis and therapy. Accurate detection of FGL1 levels in tumors via noninvasive PET imaging might be beneficial for managing the disease. To achieve this, multiple FGL1-targeting peptides (FGLP) were designed, and a promising candidate, 68Ga-NOTA-FGLP2, was identified through a high-throughput screening approach using microPET imaging of 68Ga-labeled peptides. Subsequent in vitro cell experiments showed that uptake values of 68Ga-NOTA-FGLP2 in FGL1 positive Huh7 tumor cells were significantly higher than those in FGL1 negative U87 MG tumor cells. Further microPET imaging showed that the Huh7 xenografts were clearly visualized with a favorable contrast. ROI analysis showed that the uptake values of the tracer in Huh7 xenografts were 2.63 ± 0.07% ID/g at 30 min p.i.. After treatment with an excess of unlabeled FGLP2, the tumor uptake significantly decreased to 0.54 ± 0.05% ID/g at 30 min p.i.. Moreover, the uptake in U87 MG xenografts was 0.44 ± 0.06% ID/g at the same time point. The tracer was excreted mainly through the renal system. 18F-FDG PET imaging was also performed in mice bearing Huh7 and U87 MG xenografts, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the uptake between the tumors with different FGL1 expressions. Preclinical data indicated that 68Ga-NOTA-FGLP2 might be a suitable radiotracer for in vivo noninvasive visualization of tumors with abundant expression of FGL1. Further investigation of 68Ga-NOTA-FGLP2 for tumor diagnosis and therapy is undergoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Yue Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Chongyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
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Cristelo C, Nunes R, Pinto S, Marques JM, Gama FM, Sarmento B. Targeting β Cells with Cathelicidin Nanomedicines Improves Insulin Function and Pancreas Regeneration in Type 1 Diabetic Rats. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1544-1560. [PMID: 37854630 PMCID: PMC10580391 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an incurable condition with an increasing incidence worldwide, in which the hallmark is the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing β cells. Cathelicidin-based peptides have been shown to improve β cell function and neogenesis and may thus be relevant while developing T1D therapeutics. In this work, a cathelicidin-derived peptide, LLKKK18, was loaded in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), surface-functionalized with exenatide toward a GLP-1 receptor, aiming the β cell-targeted delivery of the peptide. The NPs present a mean size of around 100 nm and showed long-term stability, narrow size distribution, and negative ζ-potential (-10 mV). The LLKKK18 association efficiency and loading were 62 and 2.9%, respectively, presenting slow and sustained in vitro release under simulated physiologic fluids. Glucose-stimulated insulin release in the INS-1E cell line was observed in the presence of the peptide. In addition, NPs showed a strong association with β cells from isolated rat islets. After administration to diabetic rats, NPs induced a significant reduction of the hyperglycemic state, an improvement in the pancreatic insulin content, and glucose tolerance. Also remarkable, a considerable increase in the β cell mass in the pancreas was observed. Overall, this novel and versatile nanomedicine showed glucoregulatory ability and can pave the way for the development of a new generation of therapeutic approaches for T1D treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Cristelo
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Centro
de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade
do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- ICBAS
− Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Rute Nunes
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- IUCS-CESPU, Instituto
Universitário de Ciências
da Saúde, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Soraia Pinto
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- ICBAS
− Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Joana Moreira Marques
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4099-002, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- Centro
de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade
do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- IUCS-CESPU, Instituto
Universitário de Ciências
da Saúde, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal
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Xie Y, Wang Y, Pei W, Chen Y. Theranostic in GLP-1R molecular imaging: challenges and emerging opportunities. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1210347. [PMID: 37780209 PMCID: PMC10540701 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1210347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic in nuclear medicine combines diagnostic imaging and internal irradiation therapy using different therapeutic nuclear probes for visual diagnosis and precise treatment. GLP-1R is a popular receptor target in endocrine diseases, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, tumors, and other areas. Likewise, it has also made breakthroughs in the development of molecular imaging. It was recognized that GLP-1R imaging originated from the study of insulinoma and afterwards was expanded in application including islet transplantation, pancreatic β-cell mass measurement, and ATP-dependent potassium channel-related endocrine diseases. Fortunately, GLP-1R molecular imaging has been involved in ischemic cardiomyocytes and neurodegenerative diseases. These signs illustrate the power of GLP-1R molecular imaging in the development of medicine. However, it is still limited to imaging diagnosis research in the current molecular imaging environment. The lack of molecular-targeted therapeutics related report hinders its radiology theranostic. In this article, the current research status, challenges, and emerging opportunities for GLP-1R molecular imaging are discussed in order to open a new path for theranostics and to promote the evolution of molecular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yudi Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjie Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Radiochemistry with {Al18F}2+: Current status and optimization perspectives for efficient radiofluorination by complexation. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Rossi L, Kerekes K, Kovács-Kocsi J, Körhegyi Z, Bodnár M, Fazekas E, Prépost E, Pignatelli C, Caneva E, Nicotra F, Russo L. Multivalent γ-PGA-Exendin-4 conjugates to target pancreatic β-cells. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200196. [PMID: 35762648 PMCID: PMC9542156 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor (GLP‐1R), expressed on the surface of pancreatic β‐cells, is of great interest for the development of advanced therapies for diabetes and diagnostics for insulinoma. We report the conjugation of exendin‐4 (Ex‐4), an approved drug to treat type 2 diabetes, to poly‐γ‐glutamic acid (γ‐PGA) to obtain more stable and effective GLP‐1R ligands. Exendin‐4 modified at Lysine‐27 with PEG4‐maleimide was conjugated to γ‐PGA functionalized with furan, in different molar ratios, exploiting a chemoselective Diels‐Alder cycloaddition. The γ‐PGA presenting the highest number of conjugated Ex‐4 molecules (average 120 per polymeric chain) showed a double affinity towards GLP‐1R with respect to exendin per se, paving the way to improved therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Rossi
- University of Milano-Bicocca: Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Biotechnology and Biosciences, ITALY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cataldo Pignatelli
- University of Milano-Bicocca: Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Biotechnology and Biosciences, ITALY
| | - Enrico Caneva
- Unitech Cospect: Comprehensive Substances Characterization via advances SPECTroscopy, -, ITALY
| | - Francesco Nicotra
- University of Milano-Bicocca: Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Biotechnology and Biosciences, ITALY
| | - Laura Russo
- Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Biotechnology and Biosciences, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, ITALY
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Current status and future perspective of radiopharmaceuticals in China. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 49:2514-2530. [PMID: 34767047 PMCID: PMC8586637 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiopharmaceuticals are essential components of nuclear medicine and serve as one of the cornerstones of molecular imaging and precision medicine. They provide new means and approaches for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. After decades of development and hard efforts, a relatively matured radiopharmaceutical production and management system has been established in China with high-quality facilities. This review provides an overview of the current status of radiopharmaceuticals on production and distribution, clinical application, and regulatory supervision and also describes some important advances in research and development and clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals in the past 10 years. Moreover, some prospects of research and development of radiopharmaceuticals in the near future are discussed.
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Felber VB, Wester HJ. Small peptide-based GLP-1R ligands: an approach to reduce the kidney uptake of radiolabeled GLP-1R-targeting agents? EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2021; 6:29. [PMID: 34432147 PMCID: PMC8387526 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-021-00136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Elevated kidney uptake in insulinoma patients remains a major limitation of radiometallated exendin-derived ligands of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R). Based on the previously published potent GLP-1R-activating undecapeptide 1, short-chained GLP-1R ligands were developed to investigate whether kidney uptake can be reduced by means of direct 18F-labeling (nuclide-based accelerated renal excretion) or the reduction of the overall ligand charge (ligand-based reduced kidney uptake). Materials & methods GLP-1R ligands were prepared according to optimized standard protocols via solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) or, when not practicable, via fragment coupling in solution. Synthesis of (2‘-Et, 4‘-OMe)4, 4’-L-biphenylalanine ((2′-Et, 4′-OMe)BIP), required for the preparation of 1, was accomplished by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling. In vitro experiments were performed using stably transfected GLP-1R+ HEK293-hGLP-1R cells. Results In contrast to the three reference ligands glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1, IC50 = 23.2 ± 12.2 nM), [Nle14, Tyr(3-I)40]exendin-4 (IC50 = 7.63 ± 2.78 nM) and [Nle14, Tyr40]exendin-4 (IC50 = 9.87 ± 1.82 nM), the investigated GLP-1R-targeting small peptides (9–15 amino acids), including lead peptide 1, exhibited only medium to low affinities (IC50 > 189 nM). Only SiFA-tagged undecapeptide 5 (IC50 = 189 ± 35 nM) revealed a higher affinity than 1 (IC50 = 669 ± 242 nM). Conclusion The investigated small peptides, including lead peptide 1, could not compete with favorable in vitro characteristics of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), [Nle14, Tyr(3-I)40]exendin-4 and [Nle14, Tyr40]exendin-4. The auspicious EC50 values of 1 provided by the literature could not be transferred to competitive binding experiments. Therefore, the use of 1 as a basic scaffold for the design of further GLP-1R-targeting radioligands cannot be recommended. Further investigations might include the scaffold of 5, although substantial optimizations concerning affinity and lipophilicity would be required. In sum, GLP-1R-targeting radioligands with reduced kidney uptake could not be obtained in this work, which emphasizes the need for further ligands addressing this particular issue. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41181-021-00136-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Barbara Felber
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Walther-Meißner-Str. 3, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Walther-Meißner-Str. 3, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Han M, Xing H, Chen L, Cui M, Zhang Y, Qi L, Jin M, Yang Y, Gao C, Gao Z, Xing X, Huang W. Efficient antiglioblastoma therapy in mice through doxorubicin-loaded nanomicelles modified using a novel brain-targeted RVG-15 peptide. J Drug Target 2021; 29:1016-1028. [PMID: 33825602 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1912053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignancy and therapeutic options are limited due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). RVG-29, a 29-amino-acid polypeptide derived from the rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG), has excellent brain-targeted capacity across the BBB. We reduced the size of this peptide to get a15-amino-acid polypeptide (RVG-15), while retaining its brain-targeted capacity across the BBB. First, we synthesized a novel nanocarrier RVG-15-PEG2000-DSPE. Next, DOX-loaded polymeric micelles (DOX RVG-15-PMs) were prepared in an electrostatic interaction-dependent manner. Finally, we evaluated its antitumor benefits in vitro at the cellular level and in vivo using an in situ tumour-bearing mouse model. MALDI-TOF-MS and FTIR spectra confirmed the successful synthesis of the novel nanocarrier. The prepared DOX RVG-15-PMs displayed even size distribution, a high entrapment efficiency and satisfactory in vitro release behaviour. In vitro blank RVG-15-PMs were excellent, safe and highly biocompatible as drug delivery carriers. DOX-loaded micelles were easily taken up by C6 cells and could effectively inhibit cancer development and metastasis. In vivo, DOX RVG-15-PMs delayed weight loss, prevented cancer cell metastasis and accelerated cancer cell apoptosis in tumour-bearing mice. Our novel brain-targeted nanocarrier is highly feasible, while DOX RVG-15-PMs exert significant antiglioma effects, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Liqing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minhu Cui
- Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingji Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuezhong Xing
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Ghosh S, Das T, Suman SK, Sarma HD, Dash A. Preparation and Preliminary Evaluation of 68Ga-Acridine: An Attempt to Study the Potential of Radiolabeled DNA Intercalator as a PET Radiotracer for Tumor Imaging. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1538-1547. [PMID: 32357824 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200502002609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acridine is a well-known DNA intercalator and thereby gets easily inserted within DNA. As uncontrolled rapid cell division is one of the primary characteristics of the tumors, it is expected that acridine or its suitable derivatives will have preferential accumulation in the tumorous lesions. Therefore, an attempt was made to radiolabel an acridine derivative with 68Ga and study the potential of the 68Ga-acridine complex as a PET agent for tumor imaging. METHODS 9-aminoacridine was coupled with p-NCS-benzyl-DOTA to render it suitable for labeling with 68Ga. The purified acridine-DOTA conjugate was radiolabeled with 68Ga, eluted from a 68Ge/68Ga radionuclide generator. Various radiolabeling parameters were optimized and the stability of the radiolabeled preparation was studied. The biological behavior of the 68Ga-acridine complex was studied both in vitro and in vivo using Raji cell line and fibrosarcoma tumor bearing Swiss mice, respectively. RESULTS 68Ga-acridine complex was obtained with ~100% radiochemical purity under the optimized reaction conditions involving incubation of 2mg/mL of ligand at 100°C for 30 minutes. The complex maintained a radiochemical purity of >95% in normal saline and >65% in human blood serum at 3h post-incubation. In vitro cellular study showed (3.2±0.1)% uptake of the radiotracer in the Raji cells. Biodistribution study revealed significant tumor accumulation [(11.41±0.41)% injected activity in per gram] of the radiotracer within 1h postadministration along with uptake in other non-target organs such as, blood, liver, GIT kidney etc. Conclusion: The present study indicates the potential of 68Ga-acridine as a PET agent for imaging of tumorous lesions. However, further detailed evaluation of the agent is warranted to explore its actual potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Ghosh
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Shishu K Suman
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
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Chen Z, Fu H, Wu H, Huang J, Yao L, Zhang X, Li Y. Syntheses and Preliminary Evaluation of Dual Target PET Probe [18F]-NOTA-Gly3- E (2PEG4-RGD-WH701) for PET Imaging of Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1548-1557. [PMID: 32329699 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200424101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFR1) and integrin αvβ3 receptor are overexpressed in breast cancer. We hypothesized that a peptide ligand recognizing both receptors in a single receptor-binding probe would be advantageous. Here, we developed a novel 18F-labeled fusion peptide probe [18F]-NOTA-Gly3- E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) targeting dual receptors (TNFR1 and αvβ3) and evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of this radioactive probe in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 xenograft models in mice. METHODS The NOTA-conjugated RGD-WH701 analog was radiolabeled with 18F using NOTA-AlF chelation method. We used two PEG4 molecules and Glutamic acid (Glu) to covalently link c(RGDyK) with WH701. Gly3 was also added to further improve the water solubility and pharmacokinetic properties of the probe. The expression of TNFR1 and Integrin αvβ3 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was detected by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. The tumor-targeting characteristics of [18F]-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGDWH701) were assessed in nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 xenografts. RESULTS HPLC analysis of the product NOTA-G3-E (2P4-RGD-WH701) revealed a purity >95%. The yield after attenuation correction was approximately 33.5%±2.8% (n=5), and the radiochemical purity was above 95%. The MDA-MB-231 tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) was 1.14±0.14%ID/g, as measured by PET at 40min postinjection (p.i.). In comparison, the tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-RGD and [18F]- NOTA-WH701 in MDA-MB-231 xenografts was 0.96±0.13%ID/g and 0.93±0.28%ID/g, respectively. The MCF-7 tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) was 1.22±0.11%ID/g, as measured by PET at 40min postinjection (p.i.). In comparison, the tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-RGD and [18F]-NOTA-WH701 in MCF-7 xenografts was 0.99±0.18%ID/g and 0.57±0.08%ID/g, respectively. CONCLUSION [18F]AlF-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) was successfully synthesized and labeled with 18F. The results from the microPET/CT and biodistribution studies of [18F]AlF-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGDWH701) showed that the tracer could specifically target TNFR1 and integrin αvβ3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Chen
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinxiong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lanlin Yao
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yesen Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China
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Chen X, Liu Y, Pan D, Cao M, Wang X, Wang L, Xu Y, Wang Y, Yan J, Liu J, Yang M. 68Ga-NOTA PET imaging for gastric emptying assessment in mice. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:69. [PMID: 33581729 PMCID: PMC7881688 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positron emission tomography (PET) has the potential for visualization and quantification of gastric emptying (GE). The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been recognized promising for constipation. This study aimed to establish a PET imaging method for noninvasive GE measurement and to evaluate the efficacy of a TCM on delayed GE caused by constipation using PET imaging. METHODS [68Ga]Ga-NOTA was synthesized as the tracer and sesame paste with different viscosity were selected as test meals. The dynamic PET scans were performed after [68Ga]Ga-NOTA mixed with test meals were administered to normal mice. Two methods were utilized for the quantification of PET imaging. A constipation mouse model was treated with maren chengqi decoction (MCD), and the established PET imaging scans were performed after the treatment. RESULTS [68Ga]Ga-NOTA was synthesized within 20 min, and its radiochemical purity was > 95%. PET images showed the dynamic process of GE. %ID/g, volume, and total activity correlated well with each other. Among which, the half of GE time derived from %ID/g for 4 test meals were 3.92 ± 0.87 min, 13.1 ± 1.25 min, 17.8 ± 1.31 min, and 59.7 ± 3.11 min, respectively. Constipation mice treated with MCD showed improved body weight and fecal conditions as well as ameliorated GE measured by [68Ga]Ga-NOTA PET. CONCLUSIONS A PET imaging method for noninvasive GE measurement was established with stable radiotracer, high image quality, and reliable quantification methods. The efficacy of MCD on delayed GE was demonstrated using PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Yu Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maoyu Cao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China. .,Immunology Center, Medical Research Institute of Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Min Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Liu Y, Wang L, Pan D, Li M, Li Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Wang X, Yan J, Wu Q, Lu L, Yuan K, Yang M. PET evaluation of light-induced modulation of microglial activation and GLP-1R expression in depressive rats. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:26. [PMID: 33414373 PMCID: PMC7791059 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01155-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Light therapy has been accepted as a promising therapeutic choice for depression. Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with specific radiotracers has great benefits for revealing pathogenesis and developing therapeutics. This study aimed to investigate the influences of light therapy on microglial activation and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) expression in the brain of depressive rats using [18F]DPA-714 and [18F]exendin-4 PET. The results showed that chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive rats had poorer performance in behavioral tests compared to normal rats (p < 0.05) and the depressive-like behavior could be ameliorated by light therapy. Besides, depressive rats had significantly higher [18F]DPA-714 uptake and lower [18F]FDG uptake compare to normal rats in 11 and 9 regions of interest (ROIs) of the brain, respectively (p < 0.05). After 5 weeks of light therapy, higher [18F]FDG and [18F]exendin-4 uptake was observed in most ROIs of light therapy-treated depressive rats compared to untreated depressive rats (p < 0.05) and no significant differences existed in [18F]DPA-714 uptake between the two groups. This study demonstrated that light therapy can ameliorate depressive-like behavior, improve glucose metabolism, and halt the decline of brain GLP-1R expression of depressive rats, but have no effects on microglial activation caused by CUMS. Besides, this study validated that [18F]DPA-714 and [18F]exendin-4 PET have the potential for noninvasive evaluation of microglial activation and GLP-1R expression in the brain of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Donghui Pan
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Yaoqi Li
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Yan Wang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Yuping Xu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Junjie Yan
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Qiong Wu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063 Jiangsu China
| | - Lin Lu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Min Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Cong GZ, Ghosh KK, Mishra S, Gulyás M, Kovács T, Máthé D, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás B. Targeted pancreatic beta cell imaging for early diagnosis. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151110. [PMID: 33070042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells are important in blood glucose level regulation. As type 1 and 2 diabetes are getting prevalent worldwide, we need to explore new methods for early detection of beta cell-related afflictions. Using bioimaging techniques to measure beta cell mass is crucial because a decrease in beta cell density is seen in diseases such as diabetes and thus can be a new way of diagnosis for such diseases. We also need to appraise beta cell purity in transplanted islets for type 1 diabetes patients. Sufficient amount of functional beta cells must also be determined before being transplanted to the patients. In this review, indirect imaging of beta cells will be discussed. This includes membrane protein on pancreatic beta cells whereby specific probes are designed for different imaging modalities mainly magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and fluorescence imaging. Direct imaging of insulin is also explored though probes synthesized for such function are relatively fewer. The path for successful pancreatic beta cell imaging is fraught with challenges like non-specific binding, lack of beta cell-restricted targets, the requirement of probes to cross multiple lipid layers to bind to intracellular insulin. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop new imaging techniques and innovative probing constructs in the entire imaging chain of bioengineering to provide early detection of beta cell-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goh Zheng Cong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Krishna Kanta Ghosh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Sachin Mishra
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Miklós Gulyás
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskölds väg 20, Uppsala Se-751 85, Sweden
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
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14
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Jansen TJP, van Lith SAM, Boss M, Brom M, Joosten L, Béhé M, Buitinga M, Gotthardt M. Exendin-4 analogs in insulinoma theranostics. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 62:656-672. [PMID: 31070270 PMCID: PMC6771680 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Insulinomas, neuroendocrine tumors arising from pancreatic beta cells, often show overexpression of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor. Therefore, imaging with glucagon‐like peptide analog exendin‐4 can be used for diagnosis and preoperative localization. This review presents an overview of the development and clinical implementation of exendin‐based tracers for nuclear imaging, and the potential use of exendin‐4 based tracers for optical imaging and therapeutic applications such as peptide receptor radionuclide therapy or targeted photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J P Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne A M van Lith
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke Joosten
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Béhé
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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15
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Velikyan I, Eriksson O. Advances in GLP-1 receptor targeting radiolabeled agent development and prospective of theranostics. Theranostics 2020; 10:437-461. [PMID: 31903131 PMCID: PMC6929622 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the light of theranostics/radiotheranostics and prospective of personalized medicine in diabetes and oncology, this review presents prior and current advances in the development of radiolabeled imaging and radiotherapeutic exendin-based agents targeting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor. The review covers chemistry, preclinical, and clinical evaluation. Such critical aspects as structure-activity-relationship, stability, physiological potency, kidney uptake, and dosimetry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Velikyan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olof Eriksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Xu Y, Wang L, Pan D, Yu C, Mi B, Huang Q, Sheng J, Yan J, Wang X, Yang R, Yang M. PET imaging of a 68Ga labeled modified HER2 affibody in breast cancers: from xenografts to patients. Br J Radiol 2019; 92:20190425. [PMID: 31593482 PMCID: PMC6913365 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20190425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) in breast cancers provides promising opportunities for imaging and targeted therapy. Developing HER2 targeted positron emission tomography (PET) probes might be benefit for management of the disease. Small high-affinity scaffold proteins, affibodies, are ideal vectors for imaging HER2 overexpressed tumors. Despite of the initial success on development of 18F labeled ZHER2:342 affibody, the tedious synthesis producers, low yields and unfavorable pharmacokinetics may hinder the clinical use. 68Ga is an attractive positron emitter for PET imaging. A simple preparation of 68Ga labeled ZHER2:342 analog, 68Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys-MZHER2:342, was reported in the study. The in vivo performances of the tracer for assessing HER2 status in breast cancers were also evaluated. METHODS NOTA-MAL conjugated Cys-MZHER2:342 was radiolabeled with 68Ga. The probe was evaluated by in vitro tests including stability and cell binding studies in breast cancer cells with different HER2 levels. In vivo evaluation was performed in mice bearing tumors using microPET imaging and biodistribution experiments. A PET/CT imaging study was initially performed in patients with breast cancers. RESULTS The tracer was synthesized in a straightforward chelation method with satisfactory non-decay corrected yield (81±5%) and radiochemical purity (>95%). In vivo micro-PET imaging showed that HER2 high levels expressed BT474 xenografts were more clear visualized than HER2 low levels expressed MCF-7 tumors (16.12 ± 2.69 ID%/g vs 1.32 ± 0.19 ID%/g at 1 h post-injection). The outcome was consistent with the immunohistochemical analysis. No significant radioactivity was accumulated in healthy tissues (less than 2% ID/g) except kidneys. In a preliminary clinical study, 68Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys-MZHER2:342 PET imaging allowed more high-contrast detection of HER2 positive primary tumors (maximum standardized uptake value = 2.16±0.27) than those in HER2 negative primary focus (maximum standardized uptake value = 0.32±0.05). No detectable side-effects were found. CONCLUSION In summary, this study indicates the significant efficiency of the 68Ga labeled HER2 affibody. Preclinical and clinical studies support the possibility of monitoring HER2 levels in breast cancers using 68Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys-MZHER2:342. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The research investigated the feasibility of a 68Ga labeled HER2 affibody modified with a hydrophilic linker for breast cancer PET imaging. Favorable outcomes showed that the probe might be valuable for determining HER2 status of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi No. 4 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | - Baoming Mi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi No. 4 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | - Qianhuan Huang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Runlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
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17
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[ 68Ga]Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys 39-exendin-4, a potential GLP-1R targeted PET tracer for the detection of insulinoma. Nucl Med Biol 2019; 74-75:19-24. [PMID: 31450071 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a kind of G protein coupled receptor which regulates the insulin secretion and serves as potential target in the diagnosis of functional pancreas neuroendocrine tumor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of GLP-1R targeted tracer [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 in the detection of insulinoma. METHODS NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 was synthesized and then radiolabeled with gallium-68 in iQS® Ga-68 Fluidic Labeling Module. The in vitro binding affinity and cell uptake studies were evaluated in INS-1 cells. The in vivo micro-PET/CT imaging and biodistribution studies were performed on INS-1 xenograft tumor models. RESULTS [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 can be efficiently radiolabelled with a yield of about 85% (non-decay corrected) and radiochemical purity of >95% with a favorable stability. The molar activity was at least 145.5 GBq/μmol. The affinity (IC50) for [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 was 12.99 ± 0.81 nM. Micro-PET/CT images showed intense tumor uptake with good contrast to background. Biodistribution study showed the predominant uptake was in the kidney, followed by pancreas, and the liver and spleen just showed mild uptake in the blood-pool phase with rapid clearance. At 1 h post- injection, the tumor to blood, muscle and pancreas ratios were 30.64, 40.21 and 6.46, respectively. Blocking studies showed significantly decreased tumor uptake, which further confirmed binding affinity of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 to GLP-1R. CONCLUSION [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 was easily synthesized with high yield, favorable biodistribution and high affinity to islet tumor cell, making the tracer may have great potential in the detection of GLP-1R positive tumor such as an insulinoma.
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Fersing C, Bouhlel A, Cantelli C, Garrigue P, Lisowski V, Guillet B. A Comprehensive Review of Non-Covalent Radiofluorination Approaches Using Aluminum [ 18F]fluoride: Will [ 18F]AlF Replace 68Ga for Metal Chelate Labeling? Molecules 2019; 24:E2866. [PMID: 31394799 PMCID: PMC6719958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its ideal physical properties, fluorine-18 turns out to be a key radionuclide for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, for both preclinical and clinical applications. However, usual biomolecules radiofluorination procedures require the formation of covalent bonds with fluorinated prosthetic groups. This drawback makes radiofluorination impractical for routine radiolabeling, gallium-68 appearing to be much more convenient for the labeling of chelator-bearing PET probes. In response to this limitation, a recent expansion of the 18F chemical toolbox gave aluminum [18F]fluoride chemistry a real prominence since the late 2000s. This approach is based on the formation of an [18F][AlF]2+ cation, complexed with a 9-membered cyclic chelator such as NOTA, NODA or their analogs. Allowing a one-step radiofluorination in an aqueous medium, this technique combines fluorine-18 and non-covalent radiolabeling with the advantage of being very easy to implement. Since its first reports, [18F]AlF radiolabeling approach has been applied to a wide variety of potential PET imaging vectors, whether of peptidic, proteic, or small molecule structure. Most of these [18F]AlF-labeled tracers showed promising preclinical results and have reached the clinical evaluation stage for some of them. The aim of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of [18F]AlF labeling applications through a description of the various [18F]AlF-labeled conjugates, from their radiosynthesis to their evaluation as PET imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Fersing
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France.
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier, 208 Avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| | - Ahlem Bouhlel
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Cantelli
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Philippe Garrigue
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Lisowski
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Benjamin Guillet
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
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19
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Pan Y, Yang Z, Xu Y, Bai Z, Pan D, Yang R, Wang L, Guan W, Yang M. Targeting HER2-positive gastric cancer with a novel 18F-labeled ZHER2:342 probe. RSC Adv 2019; 9:10990-10998. [PMID: 35515328 PMCID: PMC9062611 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To realize the diagnosis of HER2-positive gastric cancer via PET imaging, herein, a new kind of 18F-labeled HER2 affibody probe was created; the bifunctional maleimide derivative 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA-MAL) was first coupled to a polypeptide, and the resulting compound was subsequently labeled with the 18FAl complex. The binding characteristics of the probe were assessed using both in vitro studies and in vivo microPET imaging and biodistribution experiments. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to confirm the expression level of HER2 in the studied cell lines and tumors. The probe was successfully produced with the radiochemical purity of more than 95%. The NCI N87 cell-associated radioactivity was 19.31 ± 1.01% AD, and it decreased to 0.83 ± 0.04% AD per 106 cells after blocking HER2 as early as 15 minutes post-incubation (p < 0.05). A competition binding assay between radiolabeled and non-radioactive affibody molecules with NCI N87 indicated that the IC50 was 8.10 nM. The microPET imaging and biodistribution of human gastric cancer xenografts demonstrated that the probe could specifically accumulate in tumors at early time points. Protein detection confirmed a strong HER2 expression in NCIN87 and a weak HER2 expression in SGC7901. In conclusion, 18FAl-NOTA-MAL-Cys-GGGRDN(M0)-ZHER2:342 was successfully prepared via a one-step method. The favorable preclinical data showed specific and effective tumor targeting capacity of the proposed probe; this revealed that the probe proposed herein might have potential application in gastric cancer imaging. Tumor targeting of the novel 18F-labeled ZHER2:342 probe in HER2-positive gastric cancer xenograft models.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Pan
- Department of General Surgery
- Drum Tower Hospital
- Medical School of Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Zhengyang Yang
- Department of General Surgery
- Drum Tower Hospital
- Medical School of Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi
| | - Zhicheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi
| | - Runlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery
- Drum Tower Hospital
- Medical School of Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi
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20
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Pan Y, Lv J, Pan D, Xu Y, Yang M, Ju H, Zhou J, Zhu L, Zhao Q, Zhang Y. Evaluating the utility of human glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor gene as a novel radionuclide reporter gene: a promising molecular imaging tool. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:1311-1324. [PMID: 30560451 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabelled ligands of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) have been used to image the GLP-1R-expressing tissues (e.g., islets and insulinoma). Here, we introduced human glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (hglp-1r) gene as a novel radionuclide reporter gene to broaden its applications in molecular imaging in vivo. Transient and stable baculoviral vectors (BV) were re-constructed and used to transfer the hglp-1r gene or enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) reporter gene into the stem cells or tumor cells. Cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that BV-mediated reporter gene transferring and expression was biosafe and highly efficient. The BV-mediated exogenous hGLP-1R in target cells showed same ligand-receptor binding characteristics compared with its counterpart in insulinoma cells. Furthermore, the ligand-receptor binding assay showed a high affinity (IC50 = 0.3708 nM) and robust correlation (R2 = 0.9264) between the fluorescein-tagged or radiolabeled ligand probes and exogenous hGLP-1R in target cells. The target cells transferred with BV-mediated hGLP-1R could be clearly visualized in nude mice by micro-PET, which was capable of the purposes of short-term tracking transplanted stem cells or long-term monitoring tumor formation. Then, the image-based analysis and bio-distribution analysis quantitatively confirmed high target-to-background ratio of hGLP-1R-expressing cells. This study also investigated the endogenous GLP-1R-expressing organs/tissues in nude mice in the hGLP-1R radionuclide reporter gene imaging. Summarily, we evaluated the utility of hglp-1r gene as a novel radionuclide reporter gene, and demonstrated that it was a favorable and promising candidate of molecular imaging tool, which would expand the spectrum of radionuclide reporter gene imaging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Ju
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxin Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Wang L, Liu Y, Xu Y, Sheng J, Pan D, Wang X, Yan J, Yang R, Yang M. Age-related change of GLP-1R expression in rats can be detected by [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-MAL-Cys 39-exendin-4. Brain Res 2018; 1698:213-219. [PMID: 30144405 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) has been demonstrated as a potential therapeutic target for some neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke. Besides, its distribution and density in brain regions are closely associated with cognition, motor function, learning and memory. Given the relationship between age and these neurological diseases, we firstly examined the influences of age on GLP-1R expression using [18F]AlF-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 microPET imaging. The image showed that GLP-1R expression in nearly all regions of the brain of aged rats was evidently lower than that of normal rats. Significant differences were found in olfactory, striatum, hypothalamus, substantial nigra, and hippocampus, which have inseparable relations with some mental and neurological diseases such as PD and AD. Data obtained from biodistribution and immunohistochemistry staining also confirmed the image results. Taken together, these results illustrated decreased expression of GLP-1R in the brain of aged rats can be detected by [18F]AlF-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4, which implied GLP-1R as a reliable target and GLP-1R PET imaging could be a promising technology in the field of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Yue Y, Xu Y, Huang L, Pan D, Bai Z, Wang L, Yang R, Yan J, Song H, Li X, Yang M. Evaluation of A Novel GLP-1R Ligand for PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2018; 19:509-514. [PMID: 30068284 DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666180801101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) is an important biomarker for diagnosis and therapy of the endocrine cancers due to overexpression. Recently, in human prostate cancer cell lines the receptor was also observed, therefore it may be a potential target for the disease. 18F-Al-NOTA-MAL-Cys39- exendin-4 holds great promise for GLP-1R. Therefore, the feasibility of the 18F-labeled exendin-4 analog for prostate cancer imaging was investigated. METHODS New probe 18F-Al-NOTA-MAL-Cys39-exendin-4 was made through one-step fluorination. Prostate cancer PC3 cell xenograft model mice were established to primarily evaluate the imaging properties of the tracer via small animal PET studies in vivo. Pathological studies and Western Blots were also performed. RESULTS PC-3 prostate xenografts were clearly imaged under baseline conditions. At 30 and 60 min postinjection, the tumor uptakes were 2.90±0.41%ID/g and 2.26±0.32 %ID/g respectively. The presence of cys39-exendin-4 significantly reduced the tumor uptake to 0.82±0.10 %ID/g at 60 min p.i. Findings of ex vivo biodistribution studies were similar to those of in vivo PET imaging. The tumors to blood and muscles were significantly improved with the increase of time due to rapid clearance of the tracer from normal organs. Low levels of radioactivity were also detected in the GLP-1R positive tumor and normal organs after coinjection with excessive unlabeled peptides. Immunohistochemistry and Western Blots results confirmed that GLP-1R was widely expressed in PC-3 prostate cancers. CONCLUSION 18F-Al labeled exendin-4 analog might be a promising tracer for in vivo detecting GLP-1R positive prostate cancer with the advantage of facile synthesis and favorable pharmacokinetics. It may be useful in differential diagnosis, molecularly targeted therapy and prognosis of the cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yue
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Lirong Huang
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Zhicheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Runlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Huizhu Song
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
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23
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Babič A, Vinet L, Chellakudam V, Janikowska K, Allémann E, Lange N. Squalene-PEG-Exendin as High-Affinity Constructs for Pancreatic Beta-Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2531-2540. [PMID: 29869878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Novel drug delivery systems targeting native, transplanted, or cancerous beta-cells are of utmost importance. Herein, we present new exendin-4 derivatives with modified unnatural amino acids at strategic positions within the polypeptide sequence. The modified peptides allowed modular orthogonal chemical modifications to attach imaging agents and amphiphilic squalene-PEG groups. The resulting conjugates, SQ-PEG-ExC1-Cy5 and SQ-PEG-ExC40-Cy5 fluorescence probes, display low nanomolar affinity to GLP-1R in fluorescence-based binding assays with EC50 at 1.1 ± 0.2 and 0.8 ± 0.2 nM, respectively. Naturally expressing GLP-1R MIN6 cells and recombinantly transfected CHL-GLP-1R positive cells were specifically targeted by all of the new beta-cell probes in vitro. Specific islet targeting was observed after i.v. injection of SQ-PEG-ExC1-Cy5 with SQ-PEG in normoglycemic mice ex vivo. Semiquantitative biodistribution analysis by epifluorescence indicated prolonged blood half-life (3.8 h) for the amphiphilic Ex conjugate. Liver and pancreas were identified as main biodistribution organs for SQ-PEG-ExC1-Cy5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Babič
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Geneva-Lausanne , University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , 1211 , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Laurent Vinet
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Imaging , University of Geneva , 1211 , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Vineetha Chellakudam
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Geneva-Lausanne , University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , 1211 , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Karolina Janikowska
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Geneva-Lausanne , University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , 1211 , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Eric Allémann
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Geneva-Lausanne , University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , 1211 , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Norbert Lange
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Geneva-Lausanne , University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , 1211 , Geneva , Switzerland
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24
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Kumar K, Ghosh A. 18F-AlF Labeled Peptide and Protein Conjugates as Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Pharmaceuticals. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:953-975. [PMID: 29463084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The clinical applications of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging pharmaceuticals have increased tremendously over the past several years since the approval of 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Numerous 18F-labeled target-specific potential imaging pharmaceuticals, based on small and large molecules, have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical settings. 18F-labeling of organic moieties involves the introduction of the radioisotope by C-18F bond formation via a nucleophilic or an electrophilic substitution reaction. However, biomolecules, such as peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides, cannot be radiolabeled via a C-18F bond formation as these reactions involve harsh conditions, including organic solvents, high temperature, and nonphysiological conditions. Several approaches, including 18F-labeled prosthetic groups, silicon, boron, and aluminum fluoride acceptor chemistry, and click chemistry have been developed, in the past, for 18F labeling of biomolecules. Linear and macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates and their analogs and derivatives form thermodynamically stable and kinetically inert aluminum chelates. Hence, macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates have been used for conjugation with biomolecules, such as folate, peptides, affibodies, and protein fragments, followed by 18F-AlF chelation, and evaluation of their targeting abilities in preclinical and clinical environments. The goal of this report is to provide an overview of the 18F radiochemistry and 18F-labeling methodologies for small molecules and target-specific biomolecules, a comprehensive review of coordination chemistry of Al3+, 18F-AlF labeling of peptide and protein conjugates, and evaluation of 18F-labeled biomolecule conjugates as potential imaging pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43212 , United States
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43212 , United States
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25
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Pan Y, Lv J, Pan D, Yang M, Ju H, Zhou J, Zhu L, Zhang Y. Retrofitting baculoviral vector with Sleeping Beauty transposon system: competent for long-term reporter gene imaging in vivo. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:1933-1943. [PMID: 29356866 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reporter gene imaging is widely used for non-invasively detecting tumorigenesis, trafficking therapeutic cells, and monitoring treatment effect. Baculoviral vectors (BVs) have been utilized as transgenic vectors in the reporter gene imaging systems in recent years. However, BV-mediated report gene imaging can only provide short-term investigation due to its transient transgene expression, which is incompetent for the long-term applications. In the current study, we reconstructed a series of hybrid BVs with several elements, to investigate the feasibility of this hybrid BV-mediated long-term reporter gene imaging in vivo. We showed that with the indispensable assistance of a positive-selection process, hybrid BV containing Sleeping Beauty 100× (SB) transposon system (BV-SB) could significantly prolong the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression for at least 180 days in vitro at nearly 100% eGFP positive percentage and over 1011 arbitrary unit total fluorescence intensity, whereas other hybrid BV-mediated transgene expression gradually faded in only 20 days. Furthermore, BV-SB-mediated eGFP fluorescent reporter gene imaging monitored tumorigenesis in the nude mice for at least 35 days. In addition, we exploited the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (glp-1r) gene as a radionuclide reporter gene for in vivo micro-PET imaging. At 50th day post-tumor transplantation, the micro-PET imaging showed considerable radiotracer-receptor-binding in vivo, resulted by stable high level of BV-SB-mediated GLP-1R expression in tumor. In summary, we retrofitted BV with the SB transposon system to make it competent for the long-term reporter gene imaging in vivo, which might broaden the application scopes of BV in the long-term molecular imaging and other biomedicine research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Huijun Ju
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jinxin Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Liying Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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26
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Dialer LO, Jodal A, Schibli R, Ametamey SM, Béhé M. Radiosynthesis and evaluation of an 18F-labeled silicon containing exendin-4 peptide as a PET probe for imaging insulinoma. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2018; 3:1. [PMID: 29503858 PMCID: PMC5824708 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-017-0036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Analogues of exendin-4 have been radiolabeled for imaging the glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptors (GLP-1R) which are overexpressed in insulinoma. The aim of this research was to synthesize an 18F–labeled silicon containing exendin-4 peptide (18F-2) and to evaluate its in vitro and in vivo behavior in CHL-GLP-1 receptor positive tumor-bearing mice. 18F–labeled silicon containing exendin-4 peptide (18F-2) was prepared via one-step nucleophilic substitution of a silane precursor with 18F–fluoride in the presence of acetic acid and K222. 18F-2 was then administered to tumor-bearing mice for PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution experiments. Results 18F-2 was produced in a radiochemical yield (decay corrected) of 1.5% and a molar activity of max. 16 GBq/μmol. The GLP-1R positive tumors were clearly visualized by PET imaging. Biodistribution studies showed reduced uptake of 18F-2 in the kidneys compared to radiometal labeled exendin-4 derivatives. The radiotracer showed specific tumour uptake which remained steady over 2 h. Conclusions This exendin-4 analogue, 18F-2, is a potential probe for imaging GLP-1R positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas O Dialer
- 1Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences (CRS) of ETH, PSI and USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Hönggerberg, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Jodal
- 2Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences (CRS), Research Department Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- 1Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences (CRS) of ETH, PSI and USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Hönggerberg, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,2Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences (CRS), Research Department Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- 1Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences (CRS) of ETH, PSI and USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Hönggerberg, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Béhé
- 2Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences (CRS), Research Department Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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27
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Xu Y, Bai Z, Huang Q, Pan Y, Pan D, Wang L, Yan J, Wang X, Yang R, Yang M. PET of HER2 Expression with a Novel 18FAl Labeled Affibody. J Cancer 2017; 8:1170-1178. [PMID: 28607591 PMCID: PMC5463431 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) is abundant in a wide variety of tumors and associated with the poor prognosis. Radiolabeled affibodies are potential candidates for detecting HER2-positive lesions. However, laborious multiple-step synthetic procedure and high abdomen background may hinder the widespread use. Herein, cysteinylated ZHER2:342 modified with a new hydrophilic linker (denoted as MZHER2:342) was designed and labeled using 18FAl-NOTA strategies. The biologic efficacy of the novel tracer and its feasibilities for in vivo monitoring HER2 levels were also investigated in xenograft models with different HER2 expressions. Method: MZHER2:342 was conjugated with MAL-NOTA under standard reaction conditions. The affibody molecule was then radiolabeled with 18FAl complex. The binding specificity of the tracer, 18FAl-NOTA-MAL-MZHER2:342, with HER2 was primarily characterized via in vitro studies. MicroPET imaging were performed in nude mice bearing tumors (SKOV-3, JIMT-1 and MCF-7) after injection. The HER2 levels of xenografts were determined using Western blotting analysis. Results:18FAl-NOTA-MAL-MZHER2:342 can be efficiently produced within 30 min with a non-decaycorrected yield of about 10% and a radiochemical purity of more than 95%. In vitro experiments revealed that the modified affibody retained the specific affinity to HER2. PET imaging showed that SKOV-3 and JIMT-1 xenografts were clearly visualized with excellent contrast and low abdomen backgrounds. On the contrary, the signals of MCF-7 tumor were difficult to visualize. The ROI values ranged from16.54±2.69% ID/g for SKOV-3 to 8.42±1.20 %ID/g for JIMT-1 tumors at 1h postinjection respectively. Poor uptake was observed from MCF-7 tumors with 1.71±0.34% ID/g at the same time point. Besides, a significant linear correlation between % ID/g values and relative HER2 expression levels was also found. Conclusions:18FAl-NOTA-MAL-MZHER2:342 is a promising tracer for in vivo detecting HER2 status with the advantages of facile synthesis and favorable pharmacokinetics. It may be useful in differential diagnosis, molecularly targeted therapy and prognosis of the cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Zhicheng Bai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Qianhuan Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yunyun Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Runlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Min Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
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28
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Xu YP, Yang M. Advancement in treatment and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer with radiopharmaceuticals. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:165-172. [PMID: 26909131 PMCID: PMC4753167 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i2.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a major health problem. Conventional imaging modalities show limited accuracy for reliable assessment of the tumor. Recent researches suggest that molecular imaging techniques with tracers provide more biologically relevant information and are benefit for the diagnosis of the cancer. In addition, radiopharmaceuticals also play more important roles in treatment of the disease. This review summaries the advancement of the radiolabeled compounds in the theranostics of PC.
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