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Vacchini A, Chancellor A, Yang Q, Colombo R, Spagnuolo J, Berloffa G, Joss D, Øyås O, Lecchi C, De Simone G, Beshirova A, Nosi V, Loureiro JP, Morabito A, De Gregorio C, Pfeffer M, Schaefer V, Prota G, Zippelius A, Stelling J, Häussinger D, Brunelli L, Villalta P, Lepore M, Davoli E, Balbo S, Mori L, De Libero G. Nucleobase adducts bind MR1 and stimulate MR1-restricted T cells. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadn0126. [PMID: 38728413 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adn0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
MR1T cells are a recently found class of T cells that recognize antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex-I-related molecule MR1 in the absence of microbial infection. The nature of the self-antigens that stimulate MR1T cells remains unclear, hampering our understanding of their physiological role and therapeutic potential. By combining genetic, pharmacological, and biochemical approaches, we found that carbonyl stress and changes in nucleobase metabolism in target cells promote MR1T cell activation. Stimulatory compounds formed by carbonyl adducts of nucleobases were detected within MR1 molecules produced by tumor cells, and their abundance and antigenicity were enhanced by drugs that induce carbonyl accumulation. Our data reveal carbonyl-nucleobase adducts as MR1T cell antigens. Recognizing cells under carbonyl stress allows MR1T cells to monitor cellular metabolic changes with physiological and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vacchini
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Chancellor
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Qinmei Yang
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo Colombo
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Julian Spagnuolo
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Giuliano Berloffa
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Joss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Ove Øyås
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Lecchi
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Giulia De Simone
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Aisha Beshirova
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Nosi
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - José Pedro Loureiro
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Aurelia Morabito
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Corinne De Gregorio
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Michael Pfeffer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Verena Schaefer
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Gennaro Prota
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Alfred Zippelius
- Cancer Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Stelling
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Laura Brunelli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Peter Villalta
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marco Lepore
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Lucia Mori
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Gennaro De Libero
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
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El-Beltagy AEFBM, Saleh AMB, Attaallah A, Gahnem RA. Therapeutic role of Azadirachta indica leaves ethanolic extract against diabetic nephropathy in rats neonatally induced by streptozotocin. Ultrastruct Pathol 2021; 45:391-406. [PMID: 34720017 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2021.1988015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is manifested by chronic loss of renal function due to damage of glomeruli and renal tubules. Therefore, this study is mainly designed to evaluate the therapeutic role of Azadiracta indica (neem) leaves extract as a novel approach for treatment of DN in rats neonatally induced by streptozotocin (STZ). For this study, 40 offspring were selected after parturition and categorized into four groups (n = 10). Group1: control group, group 2: neem leaves extract supplemented group, group 3: diabetic group that injected with a single dose of STZ and group 4: diabetic group treated with neem extract. The results revealed deleterious histological and ultrstructural changes in the renal tissues of diabetic rats. Such changes included atrophied glomeruli, dilated renal cortical tubules and scattered hemorrhage spots, thickening of glomerular basement membrane, expansion of mesangial matrix and pyknotic podocyte. Additionally, the proximal convoluted tubule and distal tubule showed cytoplasmic vacuolation, vacuolated mitochondria, scattered lipid droplets, lost microvilli and disrupted basal lamina and basal infoldings. Moreover, significant decreased levels of serum antioxidants (SOD&CAT) and significant increased levels of serum MDA, urea and creatinine were noticed in diabetic rats. Neem leaves extract successfully alleviated the histological and ultrastructural as well as biochemical changes induced by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amira M B Saleh
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | - Amany Attaallah
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | - Reham A Gahnem
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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El-Beltagy AEFBM, Elsyyad HIH, Abdelaziz KK, Madany AS, Elghazaly MM. Therapeutic Role of Annona muricata Fruit and Bee Venom Against MNU-Induced Breast Cancer in Pregnant Rats and its Complications on the Ovaries. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2021; 13:431-445. [PMID: 34267553 PMCID: PMC8275159 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s306971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the potential therapeutic role of Annona muricata (graviola) fruit and bee venom (BV) against N-methylnitrosourea (MNU)-induced breast cancer in pregnant female rats and complications in the ovaries. METHODS A total of 24 female rats were induced with a single dose of MNU (50 mg/kg body weight). After confirmation of positive tumor marker, female rats were placed with the males for mating. The pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=6): MNU-induced only (group 1), MNU-induced rats and supplemented with A. muricata 200 mg/kg diet (group 2), MNU-induced and treated with two doses of BV 75 μg/kg (group 3), and MNU-induced and treated with both A. muricata and BV (group 4). RESULTS In group 1, the breast tissue of mothers revealed pronounced cellular hyperplasia and histopathological signs. Also, the ovarian tissue of mothers and their offspring displayed deleterious histological changes. In groups 2 and 4, histopathological signs and cellular hyperplasia markedly disappeared in breast tissue. However, the histopathological signs induced by MNU in the ovarian tissue reversed to normal in groups 2-4. Also in groups 2-4, levels of serum MMP1, NFκB, and TNFα significantly decreased, and serum caspase 3 significantly increased either in mother rats or their offspring compared to the MNU-alone group. Levels of serum MDA significantly decreased; however, levels of serum antioxidants (CAT and SOD) significantly increased in all groups 2-4 compared to MNU-alone group. CONCLUSION A. muricata has a more powerful therapeutic role than BV against MNU-induced breast cancer in rats; however, both have a powerful ameliorative role against ovarian histopathological alterations induced by MNU. Such ameliorative effects of A. muricata and BV are mainly attributed to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan I H Elsyyad
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Amira S Madany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elghazaly
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Maurya RP, Prajapat MK, Singh VP, Roy M, Todi R, Bosak S, Singh SK, Chaudhary S, Kumar A, Morekar SR. Serum Malondialdehyde as a Biomarker of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Primary Ocular Carcinoma: Impact on Response to Chemotherapy. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:871-879. [PMID: 33664564 PMCID: PMC7924123 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s287747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), a biomarker of oxidative stress before and after chemotherapy in various ocular malignancies and to correlate its significance with clinicopathological parameters. Methods Thirty two histopathologically confirmed cases of primary ocular malignancies were included in this longitudinal cohort study. Detailed clinicopathological assessment was done. Analysis of serum MDA level in the patient before and after chemotherapy was measured and its prognostic significance was analyzed. Results Maximum cases were of eyelid malignancy (n=18, 56.2%) followed by retinoblastoma (18.8%) and OSSN (6, 18.8%). About 43.75% patients were in the advanced-stage. The tumor was histopathologically well-differentiated in 20 (62.5%) cases. Most common malignancy was sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid (n=10,31.25%). Serum MDA level in patients were significantly higher than controls [5.5712±0.32779 vs 2.5531±0.08056 nmol/mL, p<0.001]. Level was significantly reduced after chemotherapy (4.5146±0.23209 nmol/mL). Serum MDA was maximum in cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (5.9450±0.23335 nmol/mL) and retinoblastoma (5.7433±0.14334 nmol/mL). It was minimum in basal cell carcinoma (5.3775±0.17746 nmol/mL). Pre chemotherapy serum MDA level was significantly higher in patients having larger tumor (>20mm, p< 0.001) and having lymph node metastasis than those without lymph node metastasis [5.8350±0.17113 vs 5.4833± 0.32193 nmol/mL, p<0.006]. No significant difference was observed in post chemotherapy serum MDA level as for as size of tumor (p=0.947) and histopathological differentiation (p=0.109) was concerned. Conclusion The serum MDA level is a potential biomarker in primary ocular carcinoma to assess oxidative stress and its impact on response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prakash Maurya
- Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Virendra Pratap Singh
- Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meghna Roy
- Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravina Todi
- Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Bosak
- Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunit Kumar Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Chaudhary
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science & Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Jamshidnezhad A, Anjomshoa Z, Hosseini SA, Azizi A. The impact coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the inflammatory indices of women with breast cancer using A machine learning prediction model. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Peluso M, Russo V, Mello T, Galli A. Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Chronic Disease and Environmental Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186936. [PMID: 32967341 PMCID: PMC7555191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are continually exposed to a large number of environmental carcinogens [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Peluso
- Research Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Russo
- Research Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Mello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (T.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Galli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (T.M.); (A.G.)
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Ligation-Mediated Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of 8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydro-2'-Deoxyguanosine and 5-Hydroxycytosine at the Codon 176 of the p53 Gene of Hepatitis C-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186753. [PMID: 32942546 PMCID: PMC7555735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis are still unclear. Therefore, we analyzed the levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and other oxidative lesions at codon 176 of the p53 gene, as well as the generation of 3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG), in a cohort of HCV-related HCC patients from Italy. Detection of 8-oxodG and 5-hydroxycytosine (5-OHC) was performed by ligation mediated-polymerase chain reaction assay, whereas the levels of M1dG were measured by chromatography and mass-spectrometry. Results indicated a significant 130% excess of 8-oxodG at –TGC– position of p53 codon 176 in HCV-HCC cases as compared to controls, after correction for age and gender, whereas a not significant increment of 5-OHC at –TGC– position was found. Then, regression models showed an 87% significant excess of M1dG in HCV-HCC cases relative to controls. Our study provides evidence that increased adduct binding does not occur randomly on the sequence of the p53 gene but at specific sequence context in HCV-HCC patients. By-products of lipid peroxidation could also yield a role in HCV-HCC development. Results emphasize the importance of active oxygen species in inducing nucleotide lesions at a p53 mutational hotspot in HCV-HCC patients living in geographical areas without dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1.
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Cellai F, Capacci F, Sgarrella C, Poli C, Arena L, Tofani L, Giese RW, Peluso M. A Cross-Sectional Study on 3-(2-Deoxy-β-D-Erythro-Pentafuranosyl)Pyrimido[1,2-α]Purin-10(3H)-One Deoxyguanosine Adducts among Woodworkers in Tuscany, Italy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112763. [PMID: 31195682 PMCID: PMC6600535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to wood dust has been estimated to affect 3.6 million workers within the European Union (EU). The most serious health effect caused by wood dust is the nasal and sinonasal cancer (SNC), which has been observed predominantly among woodworkers. Free radicals produced by inflammatory reactions as a consequence of wood dust could play a major role in SNC development. Therefore, we investigated the association between wood dust and oxidative DNA damage in the cells of nasal epithelia, the target site of SNC. We have analyzed oxidative DNA damage by determining the levels of 3-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG), a major-peroxidation-derived DNA adduct and a biomarker of cancer risk in 136 woodworkers compared to 87 controls in Tuscany, Italy. We then examined the association of M1dG with co-exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), exposure length, and urinary 15-F2t isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP), a biomarker of oxidant status. Wood dust at the workplace was estimated by the Information System for Recording Occupational Exposures to Carcinogens. M1dG was measured using 32P-postlabeling and mass spectrometry. 15-F2t-IsoP was analyzed using ELISA. Results show a significant excess of M1dG in the woodworkers exposed to average levels of 1.48 mg/m3 relative to the controls. The overall mean ratio (MR) between the woodworkers and the controls was 1.28 (95% C.I. 1.03-1.58). After stratification for smoking habits and occupational status (exposure to wood dust alone and co-exposure to VOCs), the association of M1dG with wood dust (alone) was even greater in non-smokers workers, MR of 1.43 (95% C.I. 1.09-1.87). Conversely, not consistent results were found in ex-smokers and current smokers. M1dG was significantly associated with co-exposure to VOCs, MR of 1.95 (95% C.I. 1.46-2.61), and occupational history, MR of 2.47 (95% C.I. 1.67-3.62). Next, the frequency of M1dG was significantly correlated to the urinary excretion of 15-F2t-IsoP, regression coefficient (β) = 0.442 ± 0.172 (SE). Consistent with the hypothesis of a genotoxic mechanism, we observed an enhanced frequency of M1dG adducts in woodworkers, even at the external levels below the regulatory limit. Our data implement the understanding of SNC and could be useful for the management of the adverse effects caused by this carcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cellai
- Cancer Factor Risk Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Fabio Capacci
- Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Carla Sgarrella
- Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Carla Poli
- Department of Prevention, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Luciano Arena
- Department of Prevention, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Tofani
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Roger W Giese
- Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Marco Peluso
- Cancer Factor Risk Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy.
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Mariyappan P, Kalaiyarasu T, Manju V. Effect of eriodictyol on preneoplastic lesions, oxidative stress and bacterial enzymes in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:678-692. [PMID: 30090535 PMCID: PMC6061826 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00074j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eriodictyol, one of the strong flavonoids extracted from Eriodictyon californicum, is known for its antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. We estimated the chemopreventive effect of eriodictyol on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis in male albino Wistar rats. The rats were randomized into six groups. Our results evaluated the effect of eriodictyol supplementation (200 μg per kg b.w.) on DMH (20 mg per kg b.w)-induced rats (Groups 4-6). The incidence of polyps, aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and the lipid peroxidation levels were significantly decreased as compared to those in the DMH-alone treated rats (Group 2). In eriodictyol-supplemented DMH-treated rats, we observed increased activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the circulatory system, liver, and colon. The bacterial enzymes activities of mucosa and faecal were significantly decreased in the group with treatment of eriodictyol on DMH-induced rats. Moreover, in the eriodictyol-supplemented DMH-exposed rats, we observed reduced malignant glands of a histopathological appearance in both liver and colon tissue. Furthermore, we also observed reduced AgNORs counts of eriodictyol supplemented to the DMH-exposed rats. Therefore, we can conclude that eriodictyol can be used as an effective chemopreventive agent against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mariyappan
- Department of Biochemistry , Periyar University , Salem , Tamil Nadu 636011 , India .
| | - T Kalaiyarasu
- Department of Biochemistry , Periyar University , Salem , Tamil Nadu 636011 , India .
| | - V Manju
- Department of Biochemistry , Periyar University , Salem , Tamil Nadu 636011 , India .
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Magnetic Hyperthermia and Oxidative Damage to DNA of Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050939. [PMID: 28468256 PMCID: PMC5454852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is addressing major urgent needs for cancer treatment. We conducted a study to compare the frequency of 3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) adducts, biomarkers of oxidative stress and/or lipid peroxidation, on human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells exposed to increasing levels of Fe3O4-nanoparticles (NPs) versus untreated cells at different lengths of incubations, and in the presence of increasing exposures to an alternating magnetic field (AMF) of 186 kHz using 32P-postlabeling. The levels of oxidative damage tended to increase significantly after ≥24 h of incubations compared to controls. The oxidative DNA damage tended to reach a steady-state after treatment with 60 μg/mL of Fe3O4-NPs. Significant dose–response relationships were observed. A greater adduct production was observed after magnetic hyperthermia, with the highest amounts of oxidative lesions after 40 min exposure to AMF. The effects of magnetic hyperthermia were significantly increased with exposure and incubation times. Most important, the levels of oxidative lesions in AMF exposed NP treated cells were up to 20-fold greater relative to those observed in nonexposed NP treated cells. Generation of oxidative lesions may be a mechanism by which magnetic hyperthermia induces cancer cell death.
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Gentile F, Arcaro A, Pizzimenti S, Daga M, Cetrangolo GP, Dianzani C, Lepore A, Graf M, Ames PRJ, Barrera G. DNA damage by lipid peroxidation products: implications in cancer, inflammation and autoimmunity. AIMS GENETICS 2017; 4:103-137. [PMID: 31435505 PMCID: PMC6690246 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2017.2.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (LPO) induced by inflammation, excess metal storage and excess caloric intake cause generalized DNA damage, producing genotoxic and mutagenic effects. The consequent deregulation of cell homeostasis is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of malignancies and degenerative diseases. Reactive aldehydes produced by LPO, such as malondialdehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, react with DNA bases, generating promutagenic exocyclic DNA adducts, which likely contribute to the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects associated with oxidative stress-induced LPO. However, reactive aldehydes, when added to tumor cells, can exert an anticancerous effect. They act, analogously to other chemotherapeutic drugs, by forming DNA adducts and, in this way, they drive the tumor cells toward apoptosis. The aldehyde-DNA adducts, which can be observed during inflammation, play an important role by inducing epigenetic changes which, in turn, can modulate the inflammatory process. The pathogenic role of the adducts formed by the products of LPO with biological macromolecules in the breaking of immunological tolerance to self antigens and in the development of autoimmunity has been supported by a wealth of evidence. The instrumental role of the adducts of reactive LPO products with self protein antigens in the sensitization of autoreactive cells to the respective unmodified proteins and in the intermolecular spreading of the autoimmune responses to aldehyde-modified and native DNA is well documented. In contrast, further investigation is required in order to establish whether the formation of adducts of LPO products with DNA might incite substantial immune responsivity and might be instrumental for the spreading of the immunological responses from aldehyde-modified DNA to native DNA and similarly modified, unmodified and/or structurally analogous self protein antigens, thus leading to autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Gentile
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessia Arcaro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Martina Daga
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessio Lepore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Graf
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paul R. J. Ames
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, and Department of Haematology, Dumfries Royal Infirmary, Dumfries, Scotland, UK
| | - Giuseppina Barrera
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Munnia A, Giese RW, Polvani S, Galli A, Cellai F, Peluso MEM. Bulky DNA Adducts, Tobacco Smoking, Genetic Susceptibility, and Lung Cancer Risk. Adv Clin Chem 2017. [PMID: 28629590 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The generation of bulky DNA adducts consists of conjugates formed between large reactive electrophiles and DNA-binding sites. The term "bulky DNA adducts" comes from early experiments that employed a 32P-DNA postlabeling approach. This technique has long been used to elucidate the association between adducts and carcinogen exposure in tobacco smoke studies and assess the predictive value of adducts in cancer risk. Molecular data showed increased DNA adducts in respiratory tracts of smokers vs nonsmokers. Experimental studies and meta-analysis demonstrated that the relationship between adducts and carcinogens was linear at low doses, but reached steady state at high exposure, possibly due to metabolic and DNA repair pathway saturation and increased apoptosis. Polymorphisms of metabolic and DNA repair genes can increase the effects of environmental factors and confer greater likelihood of adduct formation. Nevertheless, the central question remains as to whether bulky adducts cause human cancer. If so, lowering them would reduce cancer incidence. Pooled and meta-analysis has shown that smokers with increased adducts have increased risk of lung cancer. Adduct excess in smokers, especially in prospective longitudinal studies, supports their use as biomarkers predictive of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Roger W Giese
- Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Simone Polvani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Galli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Cellai
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco E M Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy.
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3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine adducts of workers exposed to asbestos fibers. Toxicol Lett 2017; 270:1-7. [PMID: 28188891 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos is the commercial name for a group of silicate minerals naturally occurring in the environment and widely used in the industry. Asbestos exposure has been associated with pulmonary fibrosis, mesothelioma, and malignancies, which may appear after a period of latency of 20-40 years. Mechanisms involved in the carcinogenic effects of asbestos are still not fully elucidated, although the oxidative stress theory suggests that phagocytic cells produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species, due to their inability to digest asbestos fiber. We have conducted a mechanistic study to evaluate the association between 3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG) adducts, a biomarker of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and asbestos exposure in the peripheral blood of 327 subjects living in Tuscany and Liguria, Italy, stratified by occupational exposure to asbestos. Adduct frequency was significantly greater into exposed subjects with respect to the controls. M1dG per 108 normal nucleotides were 4.0±0.5 (SE) in 156 asbestos workers, employed in mechanic, naval, petrochemical, building industries, and in pottery and ceramic plants, versus a value of 2.3±0.1 (SE) in 171 controls (p<0.001). After stratification for occupational history, the effects persisted in 54 current asbestos workers, mainly employed in building renovation industry (2.9±0.3 (SE)), and in 102 former asbestos workers (4.5±0.7 (SE)), with p-values of 0.033, and <0.001, respectively. A significant effect of smoking on heavy smokers was found (p=0.005). Our study gives additional support to the oxidative stress theory, where M1dG may reflect an additional potential mechanism of asbestos-induced toxicity.
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Brancato B, Munnia A, Cellai F, Ceni E, Mello T, Bianchi S, Catarzi S, Risso GG, Galli A, Peluso MEM. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and other lesions along the coding strand of the exon 5 of the tumour suppressor gene P53 in a breast cancer case-control study. DNA Res 2016; 23:395-402. [PMID: 27260513 PMCID: PMC4991831 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsw018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The next-generation sequencing studies of breast cancer have reported that the tumour suppressor P53 (TP53) gene is mutated in more than 40% of the tumours. We studied the levels of oxidative lesions, including 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), along the coding strand of the exon 5 in breast cancer patients as well as in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-attacked breast cancer cell line using the ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction technique. We detected a significant 'in vitro' generation of 8-oxodG between the codons 163 and 175, corresponding to a TP53 region with high mutation prevalence, after treatment with xanthine plus xanthine oxidase, a ROS-generating system. Then, we evaluated the occurrence of oxidative lesions in the DNA-binding domain of the TP53 in the core needle biopsies of 113 of women undergoing breast investigation for diagnostic purpose. An increment of oxidative damage at the -G- residues into the codons 163 and 175 was found in the cancer cases as compared to the controls. We found significant associations with the pathological stage and the histological grade of tumours. As the major news of this study, this largest analysis of genomic footprinting of oxidative lesions at the TP53 sequence level to date provided a first roadmap describing the signatures of oxidative lesions in human breast cancer. Our results provide evidence that the generation of oxidative lesions at single nucleotide resolution is not an event highly stochastic, but causes a characteristic pattern of DNA lesions at the site of mutations in the TP53, suggesting causal relationship between oxidative DNA adducts and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino Brancato
- Senology Unit, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, 50139 - Florence, Italy
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Cellai
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ceni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 - Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 - Florence, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bianchi
- Pathological Anatomy Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence - Careggi University Hospital, 50139 - Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Catarzi
- Senology Unit, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, 50139 - Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella G Risso
- Senology Unit, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, 50139 - Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Galli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 - Florence, Italy
| | - Marco E M Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Bono R, Munnia A, Romanazzi V, Bellisario V, Cellai F, Peluso MEM. Formaldehyde-induced toxicity in the nasal epithelia of workers of a plastic laminate plant. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:752-760. [PMID: 30090386 PMCID: PMC6062010 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00478k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde is a ubiquitous volatile organic compound widely used for various industrial purposes. Formaldehyde was reclassified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a human carcinogen, based on sufficient evidence for a casual role for nasopharyngeal cancer. However, the mechanisms by which this compound causes nasopharyngeal cancer are not completely understood. Therefore, we have examined the formaldehyde-induced toxicity in the nasal epithelia of the workers of a plastic laminate plant in Bra, Cuneo, Piedmont region, North-Western Italy, hence in the target site for formaldehyde-related nasal carcinogenesis. We have conducted a cross-sectional study aimed at comparing the frequency of 3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG) adducts, a biomarker of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, in 50 male exposed workers and 45 male controls using 32P-DNA post-labeling. The personal levels of formaldehyde exposure were analysed by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry. The smoking status was estimated by measuring the concentrations of urinary cotinine by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry. The air monitoring results showed that the exposure levels of formaldehyde were significantly greater for the plastic laminate plant workers, 211.4 ± 14.8 standard error (SE) μg m-3, than controls, 35.2 ± 3.4 (SE) μg m-3, P < 0.001. The levels of urinary cotinine were 1064 ± 118 ng ml-1 and 14.18 ± 2.5 ng ml-1 in smokers and non-smokers, respectively, P < 0.001. The M1dG adduct frequency per 108 normal nucleotides was significantly higher among the workers of the plastic laminate plant exposed to formaldehyde, 111.6 ± 14.3 (SE), compared to controls, 49.6 ± 3.4 (SE), P < 0.001. This significant association persisted also when personal dosimeters were used to measure the extent of indoor levels of formaldehyde exposure. No influences of smoking and age were observed across the study population. However, after categorization for occupational exposure, a significant effect was found in the controls, P = 0.018, where the levels of DNA damage were significantly correlated with the levels of urinary cotinine, regression coefficient (β) = 0.494 ± 0.000 (SE), P < 0.002. Our findings indicated that M1dG adducts constitute a potential mechanism of formaldehyde-induced toxicity. Persistent DNA damage contributes to the general decline of the physiological mechanisms designed to maintain cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch , Cancer Prevention Laboratory , ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute , Florence , Italy .
| | - Valeria Romanazzi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Valeria Bellisario
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Filippo Cellai
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch , Cancer Prevention Laboratory , ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute , Florence , Italy .
| | - Marco E M Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch , Cancer Prevention Laboratory , ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute , Florence , Italy .
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Papac-Milicevic N, Busch CJL, Binder CJ. Malondialdehyde Epitopes as Targets of Immunity and the Implications for Atherosclerosis. Adv Immunol 2016; 131:1-59. [PMID: 27235680 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) constitute a novel class of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) generated during high oxidative stress but also in the physiological process of apoptosis. To deal with the potentially harmful consequences of such epitopes, the immune system has developed several mechanisms to protect from OSEs and to orchestrate their clearance, including IgM natural antibodies and both cellular- and membrane-bound receptors. Here, we focus on malondialdehyde (MDA) epitopes as prominent examples of OSEs that trigger both innate and adaptive immune responses. First, we review the mechanisms of MDA generation, the different types of adducts on various biomolecules and provide relevant examples for physiological carriers of MDA such as apoptotic cells, microvesicles, or oxidized low-density lipoproteins. Based on recent insights, we argue that MDA epitopes contribute to the maintenance of homeostatic functions by acting as markers of elevated oxidative stress and tissue damage. We discuss multiple lines of evidence that MDA epitopes are proinflammatory and thus important targets of innate and adaptive immune responses. Finally, we illustrate the relevance of MDA epitopes in human pathologies by describing their capacity to drive inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis and highlighting protective mechanisms of immunity that could be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Papac-Milicevic
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - C J-L Busch
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - C J Binder
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Saieva C, Peluso M, Palli D, Cellai F, Ceroti M, Selvi V, Bendinelli B, Assedi M, Munnia A, Masala G. Dietary and lifestyle determinants of malondialdehyde DNA adducts in a representative sample of the Florence City population. Mutagenesis 2016; 31:475-80. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Wei X, Yin H. Covalent modification of DNA by α, β-unsaturated aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation: Recent progress and challenges. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:905-17. [PMID: 25968945 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1040009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) has been associated with human physiology and pathophysiology. LPO generates an array of oxidation products and among them reactive lipid aldehydes have received intensive research attentions due to their roles in modulating functions of biomolecules through covalent modification. Thus, covalent modification of DNA by these reactive lipid electrophiles has been postulated to be partially responsible for the biological roles of LPO. In this review, we summarized recent progress and challenges in studying the roles of covalent modification of DNA including nuclear and mitochondrial DNA by reactive lipid metabolites from LPO. We focused on the novel mechanistic insights into generation of lipid aldehydes from cellular membranes especially mitochondria through LPO. Recent advances in the technological front using mass spectrometry have also been highlighted in the settings of studying DNA damage caused by LPO and its biological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wei
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shanghai , China
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Peluso MEM, Munnia A, Giese RW, Chellini E, Ceppi M, Capacci F. Oxidatively damaged DNA in the nasal epithelium of workers occupationally exposed to silica dust in Tuscany region, Italy. Mutagenesis 2015; 30:519-25. [PMID: 25771384 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chronic silica exposure has been associated to cancer and silicosis. Furthermore, the induction of oxidative stress and the generation of reactive oxygen species have been indicated to play a main role in the carcinogenicity of respirable silica. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of 3-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG) adducts, a biomarker of oxidative stress and peroxidation of lipids, in the nasal epithelium of 135 silica-exposed workers, employed in pottery, ceramic and marble manufacturing plants as well as in a stone quarry, in respect to 118 controls living in Tuscany region, Italy. The M1dG generation was measured by the (32)P-postlabelling assay. Significant higher levels of M1dG adducts per 10(8) normal nucleotides were observed in the nasal epithelium of smokers, 77.9±9.8 (SE), and in those of former smokers, 80.7±9.7 (SE), as compared to non-smokers, 57.1±6.2 (SE), P = 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively. Significant increments of M1dG adducts were found in the nasal epithelium of workers that handle artificial marble conglomerates, 184±36.4 (SE), and in those of quarry workers, 120±34.7 (SE), with respect to controls, 50.6±2.7 (SE), P = 0.014 and P < 0.001, respectively. Null increments were observed in association with the pottery and the ceramic factories. After stratification for different exposures, silica-exposed workers that were co-exposed to organic solvents, and welding and exhaust fumes have significantly higher M1dG levels, 90.4±13.4 (SE), P = 0.014 vs. CONTROL Our data suggested that silica exposure might be associated with genotoxicity in the nasal epithelial cells of silica-exposed workers that handle of artificial marble conglomerates and quarry workers. Importantly, we observed that co-exposures to other respiratory carcinogens may have contributed to enhance the burden of M1dG adducts in the nasal epithelium of silica-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco E M Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention Laboratories, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, Florence, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA, Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via delle Oblate 4, Florence, Italy, IRCSS San Martino Hospital - National Cancer Research Institute, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy and Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, Via della Cupola 64, Florence, Italy
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention Laboratories, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, Florence, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA, Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via delle Oblate 4, Florence, Italy, IRCSS San Martino Hospital - National Cancer Research Institute, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy and Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, Via della Cupola 64, Florence, Italy
| | - Roger W Giese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisabetta Chellini
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via delle Oblate 4, Florence, Italy
| | - Marcello Ceppi
- IRCSS San Martino Hospital - National Cancer Research Institute, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy and
| | - Fabio Capacci
- Functional Unit for Prevention, Health and Safety in the Workplace, ASL10, Via della Cupola 64, Florence, Italy
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Peluso MEM, Munnia A, Giese RW, Catelan D, Rocca S, Farigu S, Leoni A, Bruzzone M, Ceppi M, Biggeri A. Exocyclic DNA adducts in sheep with skeletal fluorosis resident in the proximity of the Portoscuso-Portovesme industrial estate on Sardinia Island, Italy. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00045a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which fluoride produces its toxic effects are still not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco E. M. Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch
- ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch
- ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Roger W. Giese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences
- Barnett Institute
- Northeastern University
- Boston, Massachusetts
- USA
| | - Dolores Catelan
- Department of Statistics “G. Parenti”
- University of Florence
- Florence
- Italy
- Biostatistic Unit
| | - Stefano Rocca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine
- University of Sassari
- Sassari
- Italy
| | - Serafina Farigu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine
- University of Sassari
- Sassari
- Italy
| | - Antonio Leoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine
- University of Sassari
- Sassari
- Italy
| | - Marco Bruzzone
- IRCSS San Martino Hospital – National Cancer Research Institute
- Genoa
- Italy
| | - Marcello Ceppi
- IRCSS San Martino Hospital – National Cancer Research Institute
- Genoa
- Italy
| | - Annibale Biggeri
- Department of Statistics “G. Parenti”
- University of Florence
- Florence
- Italy
- Biostatistic Unit
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Didžiapetrienė J, Bublevič J, Smailytė G, Kazbarienė B, Stukas R. Significance of blood serum catalase activity and malondialdehyde level for survival prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2014; 50:204-8. [PMID: 25458956 DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Several markers were found to be potential prognostic factors in ovarian cancer. Among markers resembling systemic changes in the host's organism are markers of the oxidative stress. In this study we attempted to analyze the oxidant and antioxidant parameters of ovarian cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 42 patients with newly diagnosed stages I-IV primary ovary cancer were examined. Level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalytic activity catalase (CAT) were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS Significantly lower CAT (28.2±15.5 vs. 36.1±14.6nmol/L/min, P=0.019) activity and higher MDA levels (8.7±3.0 vs. 6.7±2.7nmol/L, P=0.002) were observed in cancer patients compared with healthy volunteers. Both variables were not confirmed as prognostic factors according to Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. CONCLUSIONS MDA and CAT demonstrate oxidative stress in cancer patients: CAT activity was significantly lower and MDA levels higher in cancer patients compared to healthy controls. These variables were not confirmed to be prognostic factors in ovarian cancer, possibly due to small size of the study group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Didžiapetrienė
- Scientific Research Centre, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jaroslav Bublevič
- Scientific Research Centre, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Giedrė Smailytė
- Scientific Research Centre, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Birutė Kazbarienė
- Scientific Research Centre, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Peluso MEM, Munnia A, Tarocchi M, Giese RW, Annaratone L, Bussolati G, Bono R. Oxidative DNA damage and formalin-fixation procedures. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00046c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An experimental study on how formaldehyde-fixation is capable of inducing excess oxidative DNA damage in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco E. M. Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute
- Florence, Italy
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute
- Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Tarocchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences
- University of Florence
- Florence, Italy
| | - Roger W. Giese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences
- Barnett Institute
- Northeastern University
- Boston, USA
| | | | | | - Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatry
- University of Turin
- Turin, Italy
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23
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Didziapetriene J, Smailyte G, Bublevic J, Kazbariene B, Kasiulevicius V, Stukas R. Relationship of MDA Plasma Concentrations to Long-term Survival of Breast Cancer Patients. TUMORI JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1578.17220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Peluso MEM, Munnia A, Bollati V, Srivatanakul P, Jedpiyawongse A, Sangrajrang S, Ceppi M, Giese RW, Boffetta P, Baccarelli AA. Aberrant methylation of hypermethylated-in-cancer-1 and exocyclic DNA adducts in tobacco smokers. Toxicol Sci 2013; 137:47-54. [PMID: 24154486 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoke has been shown to produce both DNA damage and epigenetic alterations. However, the potential role of DNA damage in generating epigenetic changes is largely underinvestigated in human studies. We examined the effects of smoking on the levels of DNA methylation in genes for tumor protein p53, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor2A, hypermethylated-in-cancer-1 (HIC1), interleukin-6, Long Interspersed Nuclear Element type1, and Alu retrotransposons in blood of 177 residents in Thailand using bisulfite-PCR andpyrosequencing. Then, we analyzed the relationship of this methylation with the oxidative DNA adduct, M₁dG (a malondialdehyde adduct), measured by ³²P-postlabeling. Multivariate statistical analyses showed that HIC1 methylation levels were significantly increased in smokers compared with nonsmokers (p ≤ .05). A dose response was observed, with the highest HIC1 methylation levels in smokers of ≥ 10 cigarettes/day relative to nonsmokers and intermediate values in smokers of 1-9 cigarettes/day (p for trend ≤ .001). No additional relationships were observed. We also evaluated correlations between M₁dG and the methylation changes at each HIC1 CpG site individually. The levels of this adduct in smokers showed a significant linear correlation with methylation at one of the 3 CpGs evaluated in HIC1: hypermethylation at position 1904864340 was significantly correlated with the adduct M₁dG (covariate-adjusted regression coefficient (β) = .224 ± .101 [SE], p ≤ .05). No other correlations were detected. Our study extends prior work by others associating hypermethylation of HIC1 with smoking; shows that a very specific hypermethylation event can arise from smoking; and encourages future studies that explore a possible role for M₁dG in connecting smoking to this latter hypermethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco E M Peluso
- * Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
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Peluso MEM, Munnia A, Tarocchi M, Arciello M, Balsano C, Giese RW, Galli A. Exocycilic DNA Adducts in a Murine Model of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 2013. [PMID: 31528500 PMCID: PMC6746424 DOI: 10.4172/2157-2518.s3-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common hepatic disorder in Western countries. The transition from abnormal accumulation of lipids toward non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a key step in the development of chronic liver pathologies. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation have often been proposed as mechanisms in the progression to steatohepatitis. Methods: We have examined the hepatic levels of exocyclic DNA adducts, indicated from 3-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M1dG) adduct, a biomarker of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, in a murine model of NASH using the 32P-DNA postlabeling assay. Results: Our findings show that C57BL/6 mice fed with high-fat and cholesterol diet developed signs associated with NASH after eight weeks, whereas there was no evidence of steatosis in control mice. The score for steatohepatitis ranged from grade 2 to 3 for steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, showing that the experimental diet was able to induce pathologic alterations of the parenchyma in eight weeks. Higher levels of M1dG adducts were detected in the livers of C57BL/6 mice which developed experimental NASH after eight weeks of high-fat and cholesterol feed, 5.6 M 1dG ± 0.4 (SE) per 106 total nucleotides, as compared to control mice, 1.6 M1dG ± 0.4 (SE). The statistical analysis showed that the increment of oxidatively damaged DNA in mice with NASH raised on high-fat and cholesterol diet was statistically significant as compared to control mice, P=0.006. Conclusions: Our report suggests a link between NASH and M1dG in experimental animals fed with a diet rich in saturated fats and cholesterol. High-fat and cholesterol may act together in inducing a broader spectrum of oxidatively damaged DNA, including exocyclic DNA adducts, that may contribute to the decline of hepatocyte functions, from disturbance of critical pathways, such as transcription and replication, triggering transient or permanent cell-cycle arrest and cell-death, up to chromosomal instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco E M Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Tarocchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Arciello
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Balsano
- CNR-IBPM Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolare, Rome, Italy
| | - Roger W Giese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Bouve College of Health Sciences, Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea Galli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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26
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Peluso M, Munnia A, Ceppi M, Giese RW, Catelan D, Rusconi F, Godschalk RWL, Biggeri A. Malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine and bulky DNA adducts in schoolchildren resident in the proximity of the Sarroch industrial estate on Sardinia Island, Italy. Mutagenesis 2013; 28:315-21. [PMID: 23446175 PMCID: PMC3630521 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/get005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air quality is a primary environmental concern in highly industrialised areas, with potential health effects in children residing nearby. The Sarroch industrial estate in Cagliari province, Sardinia Island, Italy, hosts the world's largest power plant and the second largest European oil refinery and petrochemical park. This industrial estate produces a complex mixture of air pollutants, including benzene, heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adducts in the nasal epithelium of 75 representative children, aged 6-14 years, attending primary and secondary schools in Sarroch in comparison with 73 rural controls. Additionally, the levels of bulky DNA adducts were analysed in a subset of 62 study children. DNA damage was measured by (32)P-postlabelling methodologies. The air concentrations of benzene and ethyl benzene were measured in the school gardens of Sarroch and a rural village by diffusive samplers. Outdoor measurements were also performed in other Sarroch areas and in the proximity of the industrial estate. The outdoor levels of benzene and ethyl benzene were significantly higher in the school gardens of Sarroch than in the rural village. Higher concentrations were also found in other Sarroch areas and in the vicinity of the industrial park. The mean levels of malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adducts per 10(8) normal nucleotides ± standard error (SE) were 74.6±9.1 and 34.1±4.4 in the children from Sarroch and the rural village, respectively. The mean ratio was 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.71-2.89, P < 0.001, versus rural controls. Similarly, the levels of bulky DNA adducts per 10(8) normal nucleotides ± SE were 2.9±0.4 and 1.6±0.2 in the schoolchildren from Sarroch and the rural village, respectively. The means ratio was 1.90, 95% CI: 1.25-2.89, P = 0.003 versus rural controls. Our study indicates that children residing near the industrial estate have a significant increment of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Via il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy.
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27
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Crujeiras AB, Díaz-Lagares A, Carreira MC, Amil M, Casanueva FF. Oxidative stress associated to dysfunctional adipose tissue: a potential link between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:243-56. [PMID: 23409968 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.772604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and breast cancer are two important health problems. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity are closely linked with both being associated with breast cancer. Despite abundant epidemiological data, there is no definitive evidence regarding the mechanisms responsible for this association. The proposed mechanisms by which diabetes affects breast cancer risk and prognosis are the same as the mechanisms hypothesised for the contribution of obesity to breast cancer risk. The obesity-induced inflammation promoted by adipose tissue dysfunction is a key feature, which is thought to be an important link between obesity and cancer. Inflammation induces an increase in free radicals and subsequently promotes oxidative stress, which may create a microenvironment favourable to the tumor development in obese persons. Oxidative stress is also proposed as the link between obesity and diabetes mellitus. Therefore, obesity-related oxidative stress could be a direct cause of neoplastic transformation associated with obesity and T2DM in breast cancer cells. This review is focused on the role of obesity-related oxidative stress in the context of chronic inflammation, on the time of breast cancer onset and progression, which provide targets for preventive and therapeutic strategies in the fields of diabetes and obesity-related breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Crujeiras
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Phillips DH, Venitt S. DNA and protein adducts in human tissues resulting from exposure to tobacco smoke. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2733-53. [PMID: 22961407 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoke contains a variety of genotoxic carcinogens that form adducts with DNA and protein in the tissues of smokers. Not only are these biochemical events relevant to the carcinogenic process, but the detection of adducts provides a means of monitoring exposure to tobacco smoke. Characterization of smoking-related adducts has shed light on the mechanisms of smoking-related diseases and many different types of smoking-derived DNA and protein adducts have been identified. Such approaches also reveal the potential harm of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) to nonsmokers, infants and children. Because the majority of tobacco-smoke carcinogens are not exclusive to this source of exposure, studies comparing smokers and nonsmokers may be confounded by other environmental sources. Nevertheless, certain DNA and protein adducts have been validated as biomarkers of exposure to tobacco smoke, with continuing applications in the study of ETS exposures, cancer prevention and tobacco product legislation. Our article is a review of the literature on smoking-related adducts in human tissues published since 2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Cai F, Dupertuis YM, Pichard C. Role of polyunsaturated fatty acids and lipid peroxidation on colorectal cancer risk and treatments. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2012; 15:99-106. [PMID: 22234166 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0b013e32834feab4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review aims at elucidating the role of lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS CRC is one of the most overriding threats to public health. Despite a broad range of treatments, up to 50% of patients will inevitably develop incurable metastatic disease. Peroxidation of PUFAs contributes to augmentation of oxidative stress and causes in consequence inflammation, which is one of the possible carcinogenic factors of CRC. End products of PUFAs might be used as biomarkers for CRC detection and surveillance for treatment. They also have cytotoxic effect in CRC cells. Experimental results suggest that ω-3 PUFAs could increase the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy of CRC. SUMMARY Lipid peroxidation, one factor of oxidative stress, might play a paramount role not only in carcinogenesis but also in potential therapeutic strategy on CRC. End products of lipid peroxidation, such as malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and isoprostanes, could be used as biomarkers for cancer detection, surveillance of treatment outcome and prognostic index for CRC patients. Furthermore, malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal have cytotoxic effect not only in normal cells but also in CRC cancer cells, which implies the potential role of PUFAs in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cai
- Nutrition Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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30
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Peluso M, Munnia A, Piro S, Jedpiyawongse A, Sangrajrang S, Giese RW, Ceppi M, Boffetta P, Srivatanakul P. Fruit and vegetable and fried food consumption and 3-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α] purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine adduct formation. Free Radic Res 2011; 46:85-92. [PMID: 22081860 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.640676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diet has been shown to modulate M(1)dG adduct, a biomarker of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Thus, we analysed the association between diet and M(1)dG in 120 controls and 67 Map Ta Phut industrial estate workers in Rayong, Thailand, to evaluate the influence of fruit and vegetables, and fried and charcoal-grilled/barbecued food consumption on M(1)dG. M(1)dG was decreased in controls reporting to consume 14-17 servings/week of fruit and vegetables (mean ratio [MR]= 0.35, CI 0.18-0.69, p< 0.05). Conversely, a non-statistically significant M(1)dG increment was detected in controls consuming 9-18 servings/week of fried food (MR = 1.33, CI 0.88-2.00, p = 0.168). No effect of charcoal-grilled/barbecued food was found. No effect of diet was observed in workers. An association with smoking was observed in controls (MR = 1.88, CI 1.14-3.10, p < 0.05), but not in workers. M(1)dG can induce mutations and/or methylation changes within the promoter regions of cancer-related genes, thus promotion of healthy eating practices should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy.
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31
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DNA damage induced by endogenous aldehydes: current state of knowledge. Mutat Res 2011; 711:13-27. [PMID: 21419140 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage plays a major role in various pathophysiological conditions including carcinogenesis, aging, inflammation, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress and cell processes such as lipid peroxidation and glycation induce the formation of highly reactive endogenous aldehydes that react directly with DNA, form aldehyde-derived DNA adducts and lead to DNA damage. In occasion of persistent conditions that influence the formation and accumulation of aldehyde-derived DNA adducts the resulting unrepaired DNA damage causes deregulation of cell homeostasis and thus significantly contributes to disease phenotype. Some of the most highly reactive aldehydes produced endogenously are 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, malondialdehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde and methylglyoxal. The mutagenic and carcinogenic effects associated with the elevated levels of these reactive aldehydes, especially, under conditions of stress, are attributed to their capability of causing directly modification of DNA bases or yielding promutagenic exocyclic adducts. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on DNA damage induced by endogenously produced reactive aldehydes in relation to the pathophysiology of human diseases.
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