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Devalckeneer A, Bouviez M, Gautier A, Colet JM. Metabolomic Prediction of Cadmium Nephrotoxicity in the Snail Helix aspersa maxima. Metabolites 2024; 14:455. [PMID: 39195551 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14080455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The decontamination of polluted soils is a major socioeconomic issue in many industrialized countries. In situ remediation approaches are nowadays preferred to ex situ techniques, but they require among others the use of bioindicators, which are sensitive to the progressive depollution on health effects. Animal species have been mainly used so far to monitor aquatic and air pollution. Current research focuses on the development of living indicators of soil pollution. In this study, the garden snail Helix aspersa maxima was acutely exposed to cadmium, one major soil contaminant causing severe health effects, including nephrotoxicity. Kidney and hemolymph were sampled and analyzed by a 1H-NMR-based metabonomic approach. Shortly after Cd exposure, numerous metabolic changes occurred in the hemolymph and kidney extracts. Altogether, they were indicative of a switch in energy sources from the Krebs cycle towards b-oxidation and the utilization of stored galactogen polysaccharides. Then, the activation of antioxidant defenses in the renal cells was suggested by the alteration in some precursors of glutathione synthesis, such as glutamate, and by the release of the antioxidant anserin. Cell membrane damage was evidenced by the increased levels of some osmolytes, betaine and putrescine, as well as by a membrane repair mechanism involving choline. Finally, the development of metabolic acidosis was suggested by the elevation in 3-HMG in the hemolymph, and the more pronounced lysine levels were consistent with acute excretion troubles. Cd-induced renal damage was objectified by the increased level of riboflavin, a recognized biomarker of nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Devalckeneer
- Laboratory of Human Biology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Marion Bouviez
- Laboratory of Human Biology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Amandine Gautier
- HEPH (Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut), Condorcet, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Colet
- Laboratory of Human Biology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Silveira JDA, Marcuzzo MB, da Rosa JS, Kist NS, Hoffmann CIH, Carvalho AS, Ribeiro RT, Quincozes-Santos A, Netto CA, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaric Acid Disrupts Brain Bioenergetics, Redox Homeostasis, and Mitochondrial Dynamics and Affects Neurodevelopment in Neonatal Wistar Rats. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1563. [PMID: 39062136 PMCID: PMC11274636 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acidemia (HMGA) is a neurometabolic inherited disorder characterized by the predominant accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid (HMG) in the brain and biological fluids of patients. Symptoms often appear in the first year of life and include mainly neurological manifestations. The neuropathophysiology is not fully elucidated, so we investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of HMG on redox and bioenergetic homeostasis in the cerebral cortex and striatum of neonatal rats. Neurodevelopment parameters were also evaluated. HMG decreased the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) and increased catalase (CAT) in the cerebral cortex. In the striatum, HMG reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, CAT, GR, glutathione S-transferase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Regarding bioenergetics, HMG decreased the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and respiratory chain complexes II-III and IV in the cortex. HMG also decreased the activities of citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase, as well as complex IV in the striatum. HMG further increased DRP1 levels in the cortex, indicating mitochondrial fission. Finally, we found that the HMG-injected animals showed impaired performance in all sensorimotor tests examined. Our findings provide evidence that HMG causes oxidative stress, bioenergetic dysfunction, and neurodevelopmental changes in neonatal rats, which may explain the neuropathophysiology of HMGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josyane de Andrade Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
| | - Manuela Bianchin Marcuzzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
| | - Jaqueline Santana da Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
| | - Nathalia Simon Kist
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
| | - Chrístofer Ian Hernandez Hoffmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
| | - Andrey Soares Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
| | - Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
| | - André Quincozes-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Netto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (J.d.A.S.); (M.B.M.); (J.S.d.R.); (N.S.K.); (C.I.H.H.); (A.S.C.); (R.T.R.); (A.Q.-S.); (C.A.N.); (M.W.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
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Bortoluzzi VT, Ribeiro RT, Zemniaçak ÂB, Cunha SDA, Sass JO, Castilho RF, Amaral AU, Wajner M. Disturbance of mitochondrial functions caused by N-acetylglutamate and N-acetylmethionine in brain of adolescent rats: Potential relevance in aminoacylase 1 deficiency. Neurochem Int 2023; 171:105631. [PMID: 37852579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Aminoacylase 1 (ACY1) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the breakdown of short-chain aliphatic N-acetylated amino acids, leading to the accumulation of these amino acid derivatives in the urine of patients. Some of the affected individuals have presented with heterogeneous neurological symptoms such as psychomotor delay, seizures, and intellectual disability. Considering that the pathological mechanisms of brain damage in this disorder remain mostly unknown, here we investigated whether major metabolites accumulating in ACY1 deficiency, namely N-acetylglutamate (NAG) and N-acetylmethionine (NAM), could be toxic to the brain by examining their in vitro effects on important mitochondrial properties. We assessed the effects of NAG and NAM on membrane potential, swelling, reducing equivalents, and Ca2+ retention capacity in purified mitochondrial preparations obtained from the brain of adolescent rats. NAG and NAM decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing equivalents, and calcium retention capacity, and induced swelling in Ca2+-loaded brain mitochondria supported by glutamate plus malate. Notably, these changes were completely prevented by the classical inhibitors of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore cyclosporin A plus ADP and by ruthenium red, implying the participation of MPT and Ca2+ in these effects. Our findings suggest that NAG- and NAM-induced disruption of mitochondrial functions involving MPT may represent relevant mechanisms of neuropathology in ACY1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Trindade Bortoluzzi
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Ângela Beatris Zemniaçak
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Sâmela de Azevedo Cunha
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Jörn Oliver Sass
- Research Group Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Natural Sciences & Institute for Functional Gene Analytics, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Roger Frigério Castilho
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; PPG Atenção Integral à Saúde, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, Brazil.
| | - Moacir Wajner
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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4
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Seminotti B, Grings M, Glänzel NM, Vockley J, Leipnitz G. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists as a potential therapy for inherited metabolic disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115433. [PMID: 36709926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are genetic disorders that cause a disruption of a specific metabolic pathway leading to biochemical, clinical and pathophysiological sequelae. While the metabolite abnormalities in body fluids and tissues can usually be defined by directed or broad-spectrum metabolomic analysis, the pathophysiology of these changes is often not obvious. Mounting evidence has revealed that secondary mitochondrial dysfunction, mainly oxidative phosphorylation impairment and elevated reactive oxygen species, plays a pivotal role in many disorders. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) consist of a group of nuclear hormone receptors (PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ) that regulate multiple cellular functions and processes, including response to oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial bioenergetics and biogenesis. In this context, the activation of PPARs has been shown to stimulate oxidative phosphorylation and reduce reactive species levels. Thus, pharmacological treatment with PPAR activators, such as fibrates, has gained much attention in the last 15 years. This review summarizes preclinical (animal models and patient-derived cells) and clinical data on the effect of PPARs in IMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Seminotti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mateus Grings
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nícolas Manzke Glänzel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, CEP 90035-190, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Hulme H, Meikle LM, Strittmatter N, Swales J, Hamm G, Brown SL, Milling S, MacDonald AS, Goodwin RJ, Burchmore R, Wall DM. Mapping the Influence of the Gut Microbiota on Small Molecules across the Microbiome Gut Brain Axis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:649-659. [PMID: 35262356 PMCID: PMC9047441 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbes exert influence across the microbiome-gut-brain axis through neurotransmitter production, induction of host immunomodulators, or the release or induction of other microbial or host molecules. Here, we used mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), a label-free imaging tool, to map molecular changes in the gut and brain in germ-free, antibiotic-treated and control mice. We determined spatial distribution and relative quantification of neurotransmitters and their precursors in response to the microbiome. Using untargeted MSI, we detected a significant change in the levels of four identified small molecules in the brains of germ-free animals compared to controls. However, antibiotic treatment induced no significant changes in these same metabolites in the brain after 1 week of treatment. This work exemplifies the utility of MSI as a tool for the study of known and discovery of novel, mediators of microbiome-gut-brain axis communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Hulme
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Lynsey M. Meikle
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Strittmatter
- Imaging
and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K.
| | - John Swales
- Imaging
and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K.
| | - Gregory Hamm
- Imaging
and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K.
| | - Sheila L. Brown
- Lydia
Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, U.K.
| | - Simon Milling
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S. MacDonald
- Lydia
Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, U.K.
| | - Richard J.A. Goodwin
- Imaging
and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K.
| | - Richard Burchmore
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel M. Wall
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
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da Rosa-Junior NT, Parmeggiani B, Glänzel NM, de Moura Alvorcem L, Brondani M, Britto R, Grings M, Ortiz VD, Turck P, da Rosa Araujo AS, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. Antioxidant system disturbances and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by 3-methyglutaric acid in rat heart are prevented by bezafibrate. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 924:174950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Rodríguez VM, Velasco P, Cao A, Santiago R, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Maize Resistance to Stem Borers Can Be Modulated by Systemic Maize Responses to Long-Term Stem Tunneling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:627468. [PMID: 33777059 PMCID: PMC7991579 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.627468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Limited attention has been paid to maize (Zea mays L.) resistance induced by corn borer damage, although evidence shows that induced defenses have lower resource allocation costs than constitutive defenses. Maize responses to short- and long-term feeding by the Mediterranean corn borer (MCB, Sesamia nionagrioides) have been previously studied, but the suggested differences between responses could be due to experimental differences. Therefore, in the current study, a direct comparison between short- and long-term responses has been made. The objectives were (i) to determine changes in the level of antibiosis of the stems induced by feeding of S. nonagrioides larvae for 2days (short-term feeding) and 9days (long-term feeding), (ii) to characterize the metabolome of the stems' short- and long-term responses to borer feeding, and (iii) to look for metabolic pathways that could modulate plant resistance to MCB. Defenses were progressively induced in the resistant inbred, and constitutive defenses were broken down in the susceptible inbred. Results suggest that the different resistance levels of the two inbreds to stem tunneling by MCB could depend on their ability to establish a systemic response. Based on these results, a high throughput look for specific metabolites implicated in systemic induced resistance to maize stem borers is recommended; the current focus on constitutive defense metabolites has not been successful in finding molecules that would be valuable tools for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Velasco
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), El Palacio-Salcedo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), El Palacio-Salcedo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Rogelio Santiago
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - Rosa Ana Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), El Palacio-Salcedo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), El Palacio-Salcedo, Pontevedra, Spain
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Wajner M, Vargas CR, Amaral AU. Disruption of mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress contribute to neurologic dysfunction in organic acidurias. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 696:108646. [PMID: 33098870 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic acidurias (OADs) are inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism biochemically characterized by accumulation of short-chain carboxylic acids in tissues and biological fluids of the affected patients and clinically by predominant neurological manifestations. Some of these disorders are amenable to treatment, which significantly decreases mortality and morbidity, but it is still ineffective to prevent long-term neurologic and systemic complications. Although pathogenesis of OADs is still poorly established, recent human and animal data, such as lactic acidosis, mitochondrial morphological alterations, decreased activities of respiratory chain complexes and altered parameters of oxidative stress, found in tissues from patients and from genetic mice models with these diseases indicate that disruption of critical mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress play an important role in their pathophysiology. Furthermore, organic acids that accumulate in the most prevalent OADs were shown to compromise bioenergetics, by decreasing ATP synthesis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing equivalent content and calcium retention capacity, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation and apoptosis. It is therefore presumed that secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress caused by major metabolites accumulating in OADs contribute to tissue damage in these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil
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9
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da Rosa-Junior NT, Parmeggiani B, Glänzel NM, de Moura Alvorcem L, Frusciante MR, Dutra Filho CS, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. In vivo evidence that bezafibrate prevents oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by 3-methylglutaric acid in rat liver. Biochimie 2020; 171-172:187-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaric Acid Impairs Redox and Energy Homeostasis, Mitochondrial Dynamics, and Endoplasmic Reticulum–Mitochondria Crosstalk in Rat Brain. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:314-325. [PMID: 31721046 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HL) deficiency is a neurometabolic disorder characterized by predominant accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid (HMG) in tissues and biological fluids. Patients often present in the first year of life with metabolic acidosis, non-ketotic hypoglycemia, hypotonia, lethargy, and coma. Since neurological symptoms may be triggered or worsened during episodes of metabolic decompensation, which are characterized by high urinary excretion of organic acids, this study investigated the effects of HMG intracerebroventricular administration on redox homeostasis, citric acid cycle enzyme activities, dynamics (mitochondrial fusion and fission), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria crosstalk in the brain of neonatal rats euthanized 1 (short term) or 20 days (long term) after injection. HMG induced lipid peroxidation and decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and citric acid cycle enzymes, suggesting bioenergetic and redox disruption, 1 day after administration. Levels of VDAC1, Grp75, and mitofusin-1, proteins involved in ER-mitochondria crosstalk and mitochondrial fusion, were increased by HMG. Furthermore, HMG diminished synaptophysin levels and tau phosphorylation, and increased active caspase-3 content, indicative of cell damage. Finally, HMG decreased GPx activity and synaptophysin levels, and changed MAPK phosphorylation 20 days after injection, suggesting that long-term toxicity is further induced by this organic acid. Taken together, these data show that HMG induces oxidative stress and disrupts bioenergetics, dynamics, ER-mitochondria communication, and signaling pathways in the brain of rats soon after birth. It may be presumed that these mechanisms underlie the onset and progression of symptoms during decompensation occurring in HL-deficient patients during the neonatal period.
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11
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Jones DE, Perez L, Ryan RO. 3-Methylglutaric acid in energy metabolism. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 502:233-239. [PMID: 31730811 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
3-methylglutaric (3MG) acid is a conspicuous C6 dicarboxylic organic acid classically associated with two distinct leucine pathway enzyme deficiencies. 3MG acid is excreted in urine of individuals harboring deficiencies in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) CoA lyase (HMGCL) or 3-methylglutaconyl CoA hydratase (AUH). Whereas 3MG CoA is not part of the leucine catabolic pathway, it is likely formed via a side reaction involving reduction of the α-ß trans double bond in the leucine pathway intermediate, 3-methylglutaconyl CoA. While the metabolic basis for the accumulation of 3MG acid in subjects with deficiencies in HMGCL or AUH is apparent, the occurrence of 3MG aciduria in a host of unrelated inborn errors of metabolism associated with compromised mitochondrial energy metabolism is less clear. Herein, a novel mitochondrial biosynthetic pathway termed "the acetyl CoA diversion pathway", provides an explanation. The pathway is initiated by defective electron transport chain function which, ultimately, inhibits acetyl CoA entry into the TCA cycle. When this occurs, 3MG acid is synthesized in five steps from acetyl CoA via a novel reaction sequence, providing a metabolic rationale for the connection between 3MG aciduria and compromised mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan E Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States
| | - Leanne Perez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States.
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12
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Vamecq J, Papegay B, Nuyens V, Boogaerts J, Leo O, Kruys V. Mitochondrial dysfunction, AMPK activation and peroxisomal metabolism: A coherent scenario for non-canonical 3-methylglutaconic acidurias. Biochimie 2019; 168:53-82. [PMID: 31626852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (3-MGA) is a well understood phenomenon in leucine oxidation and ketogenesis disorders (primary 3-MGAs). In contrast, its genesis in non-canonical (secondary) 3-MGAs, a growing-up group of disorders encompassing more than a dozen of inherited metabolic diseases, is a mystery still remaining unresolved for three decades. To puzzle out this anthologic problem of metabolism, three clues were considered: (i) the variety of disorders suggests a common cellular target at the cross-road of metabolic and signaling pathways, (ii) the response to leucine loading test only discriminative for primary but not secondary 3-MGAs suggests these latter are disorders of extramitochondrial HMG-CoA metabolism as also attested by their failure to increase 3-hydroxyisovalerate, a mitochondrial metabolite accumulating only in primary 3-MGAs, (iii) the peroxisome is an extramitochondrial site possessing its own pool and displaying metabolism of HMG-CoA, suggesting its possible involvement in producing extramitochondrial 3-methylglutaconate (3-MG). Following these clues provides a unifying common basis to non-canonical 3-MGAs: constitutive mitochondrial dysfunction induces AMPK activation which, by inhibiting early steps in cholesterol and fatty acid syntheses, pipelines cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA to peroxisomes where a rise in HMG-CoA followed by local dehydration and hydrolysis may lead to 3-MGA yield. Additional contributors are considered, notably for 3-MGAs associated with hyperammonemia, and to a lesser extent in CLPB deficiency. Metabolic and signaling itineraries followed by the proposed scenario are essentially sketched, being provided with compelling evidence from the literature coming in their support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Vamecq
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Hormonology, Metabolism-Nutrition & Oncology (HMNO), Center of Biology and Pathology (CBP) Pierre-Marie Degand, CHRU Lille, EA 7364 RADEME, University of North France, Lille, France.
| | - Bérengère Papegay
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB unit 222), University Hospital Center, Charleroi, (CHU Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Vincent Nuyens
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB unit 222), University Hospital Center, Charleroi, (CHU Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Jean Boogaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB unit 222), University Hospital Center, Charleroi, (CHU Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Oberdan Leo
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Immunology Research Center (UIRC), Free University of Brussels (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Véronique Kruys
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Gene, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Immunology Research Center (UIRC), Free University of Brussels (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
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13
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Bezafibrate In Vivo Administration Prevents 3-Methylglutaric Acid-Induced Impairment of Redox Status, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Neural Injury in Brain of Developing Rats. Neurotox Res 2019; 35:809-822. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Hao J, Yang T, Zhou Y, Gao GY, Xing F, Peng Y, Tao YY, Liu CH. Serum Metabolomics Analysis Reveals a Distinct Metabolic Profile of Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:784. [PMID: 28400566 PMCID: PMC5429753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00944-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease associated with profound metabolic changes. The purpose of this study was to identify a distinctive metabolic signature from the training set with 29 PBC patients, 30 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-caused cirrhosis (HBC) and 41 healthy controls, and to validate the applicability and stability of the distinctive model from the validation set with 21 PBC patients, 7 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and 9 HBC. The sera were investigated using high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the datasets were analyzed pairwise using pattern recognition methods. 45 distinguishable metabolites were identified and 15 metabolic pathways were reprogrammed. The altered metabolic pathways were associated with glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolites. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were used to establish a diagnostic model with the equated (p) = −12.22–3.46*log(4-hydroxyproline) + 6.62*log(3-hydroxyisovalerate) − 2.44*log(citraconate) − 3.80*log(pyruvate). The area under the curve (AUC) of the optimized model was 0.937 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.868–0.976) in the training set and 0.890 (95% CI: 0.743–0.969) in the validation set. These results not only revealed the potential pathogenesis of PBC, but also provided a feasible diagnostic tool for PBC populations through detection of serum metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Gao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Feng Xing
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan-Yan Tao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Cheng-Hai Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,E-Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Internal Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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15
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da Rosa MS, Seminotti B, Ribeiro CAJ, Parmeggiani B, Grings M, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric and 3-methylglutaric acids impair redox status and energy production and transfer in rat heart: relevance for the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase deficiency. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:997-1010. [PMID: 27430492 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1214952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase (HL) deficiency is characterized by tissue accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric (HMG), and 3-methylglutaric (MGA) acids. Affected patients present cardiomyopathy, whose pathomechanisms are not yet established. We investigated the effects of HMG and MGA on energy and redox homeostasis in rat heart using in vivo and in vitro models. In vivo experiments showed that intraperitoneal administration of HMG and MGA decreased the activities of the respiratory chain complex II and creatine kinase (CK), whereas HMG also decreased the activity of complex II-III. Furthermore, HMG and MGA injection increased reactive species production and carbonyl formation, and decreased glutathione concentrations. Regarding the enzymatic antioxidant defenses, HMG and MGA increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, while only MGA diminished the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, as well as the protein content of SOD1. Pre-treatment with melatonin (MEL) prevented MGA-induced decrease of CK activity and SOD1 levels. In vitro results demonstrated that HMG and MGA increased reactive species formation, induced lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione. We also verified that reactive species overproduction and glutathione decrease provoked by HMG and MGA were abrogated by MEL and lipoic acid (LA), while only MEL prevented HMG- and MGA-induced lipoperoxidation. Allopurinol (ALP) also prevented reactive species overproduction caused by both metabolites. Our data provide solid evidence that bioenergetics dysfunction and oxidative stress are induced by HMG and MGA in heart, which may explain the cardiac dysfunction observed in HL deficiency, and also suggest that antioxidant supplementation could be considered as adjuvant therapy for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Struecker da Rosa
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil
| | - Bianca Seminotti
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil
| | - César Augusto João Ribeiro
- b Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas , Universidade Federal do ABC , São Bernardo do Campo , SP , Brazil
| | - Belisa Parmeggiani
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil
| | - Mateus Grings
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil ;,c Departamento de Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil ;,d Serviço de Genética Médica , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil ;,c Departamento de Bioquímica , Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , UFRGS , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil
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16
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Leipnitz G, Vargas CR, Wajner M. Disturbance of redox homeostasis as a contributing underlying pathomechanism of brain and liver alterations in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2015; 38:1021-8. [PMID: 26041581 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-015-9863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HL) deficiency is an inherited disorder of organic acid metabolism biochemically characterized by tissue accumulation and high urinary excretion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutarate, 3-methylglutarate, 3-methylglutaconate and 3-hydroxyisovalerate. Affected patients predominantly present neurological symptoms that are accompanied by mild hepatopathy during episodes of catabolic crisis. The pathophysiology of this disease is poorly known, although recent animal and human in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that oxidative stress caused by the major accumulating organic acids may represent a pathomechanism of brain and liver damage in HL deficiency. In this review we focus on the deleterious effects of these carboxylic acids on redox homeostasis in rat and human tissues that may offer new perspectives for potential novel adjuvant therapeutic strategies in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilhian Leipnitz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600 - Attached, CEP 90035-003, Alegre Porto, RS, Brazil
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600 - Attached, CEP 90035-003, Alegre Porto, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600 - Attached, CEP 90035-003, Alegre Porto, RS, Brazil.
- Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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17
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Moura AP, Parmeggiani B, Grings M, Alvorcem LDM, Boldrini RM, Bumbel AP, Motta MM, Seminotti B, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. Intracerebral Glycine Administration Impairs Energy and Redox Homeostasis and Induces Glial Reactivity in Cerebral Cortex of Newborn Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5864-5875. [PMID: 26497039 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of glycine (GLY) is the biochemical hallmark of glycine encephalopathy (GE), an aminoacidopathy characterized by severe neurological dysfunction that may lead to early death. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of a single intracerebroventricular administration of GLY on bioenergetics, redox homeostasis, and histopathology in brain of neonatal rats. Our results demonstrated that GLY decreased the activities of the respiratory chain complex IV and creatine kinase, induced reactive species generation, and diminished glutathione (GSH) levels 1, 5, and 10 days after GLY injection in cerebral cortex of 1-day-old rats. GLY also increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels 5 days after GLY infusion in this brain region. Furthermore, GLY differentially modulated the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase depending on the period tested after GLY administration. In contrast, bioenergetics and redox parameters were not altered in brain of 5-day-old rats. Regarding the histopathological analysis, GLY increased S100β staining in cerebral cortex and striatum, and GFAP in corpus callosum of 1-day-old rats 5 days after injection. Finally, we verified that melatonin prevented the decrease of complex IV and CK activities and GSH concentrations, and the increase of MDA levels and S100β staining caused by GLY. Based on our findings, it may be presumed that impairment of redox and energy homeostasis and glial reactivity induced by GLY may contribute to the neurological dysfunction observed in GE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Pimentel Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Belisa Parmeggiani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Grings
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo de Moura Alvorcem
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mello Boldrini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anna Paula Bumbel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcela Moreira Motta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Seminotti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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18
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da Rosa MS, Scaini G, Damiani AP, Longaretti LM, Pereira M, Seminotti B, Zapelini HG, Schuck PF, Streck EL, de Andrade VM, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. Evidence that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric and 3-methylglutaric acids induce DNA damage in rat striatum. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:1055-62. [PMID: 25939283 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-015-9675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HL) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorderaffecting the final step of leucine degradation and ketogenesis and biochemically characterized by the predominant accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric (HMG) and 3-methylglutaric (MGA) acids in biological fluids and tissues of affected patients. Considering that previous studies reported that HMG and MGA have pro oxidant properties, the present study evaluated the ex vivo and in vitro effects of HMG and MGA on frequency and index of DNA damage in cerebral cortex and striatum of young rats. The ex vivo effects of both organic acids on 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (OHdG) levels and their in vitro effects on 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) oxidation and glutathione (GSH) concentrations in rat striatum were also determined. We also investigated the ex vivo effects of both organic acids on 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (OHdG) levels in rat striatum. In the ex vivo experiments, DNA damage was determined in striatum homogenates prepared 30 min after a single intrastriatal administration of HMG or MGA. On the other hand, the in vitro evaluation was performed after an incubation of rat cerebral cortex or striatum homogenates or slices in the presence of HMG or MGA during 1 h at 37 °C. We observed that the intrastriatal administration of HMG and MGA increased the frequency and the index of DNA damage, as well as OHdG staining in rat striatum. We also verified that MGA, but not HMG, increased DNA damage frequency and index in vitro in striatum of rats. In contrast, no alterations were verified in vitro in cerebral cortex. Finally, we found that HMG and MGA increased DCFH oxidation and decreased GSH concentrations in rat striatum. Therefore, it may be presumed that DNA damage provoked by HMG and MGA possibly via reactive species generation is involved, at least in part, in the pathophysiology of brain injury, particularly in the striatum of HL-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Struecker da Rosa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600 - Attached, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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19
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NMDA Receptors and Oxidative Stress Induced by the Major Metabolites Accumulating in HMG Lyase Deficiency Mediate Hypophosphorylation of Cytoskeletal Proteins in Brain From Adolescent Rats: Potential Mechanisms Contributing to the Neuropathology of This Disease. Neurotox Res 2015; 28:239-52. [PMID: 26174040 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurological symptoms and cerebral abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HMG lyase) deficiency, which is biochemically characterized by predominant tissue accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric (HMG), 3-methylglutaric (MGA), and 3-methylglutaconic (MGT) acids. Since the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly known, the present study evaluated the effects of these compounds on the cytoskeleton phosphorylating system in rat brain. HMG, MGA, and MGT caused hypophosphorylation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and of the neurofilament subunits NFL, NFM, and NFH. HMG-induced hypophosphorylation was mediated by inhibiting the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on Ser55 residue of NFL and c-Jun kinase (JNK) by acting on KSP repeats of NFM and NFH subunits. We also evidenced that the subunit NR2B of NMDA receptor and Ca(2+) was involved in HMG-elicited hypophosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins. Furthermore, the antioxidants L-NAME and TROLOX fully prevented both the hypophosphorylation and the inhibition of PKA and JNK caused by HMG, suggesting that oxidative damage may underlie these effects. These findings indicate that the main metabolites accumulating in HMG lyase deficiency provoke hypophosphorylation of cytoskeleton neural proteins with the involvement of NMDA receptors, Ca(2+), and reactive species. It is presumed that these alterations may contribute to the neuropathology of this disease.
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Dos Santos Mello M, Ribas GS, Wayhs CAY, Hammerschmidt T, Guerreiro GBB, Favenzani JL, Sitta Â, de Moura Coelho D, Wajner M, Vargas CR. Increased oxidative stress in patients with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 402:149-55. [PMID: 25557019 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria (HMGA; OMIM 246450) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, caused by the deficiency of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (4.1.3.4), which results in the accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric (HMG) and 3-methylglutaric (MGA) acids in tissues and biological fluids of affected individuals. Recent in vivo and in vitro animal studies have demonstrated that the accumulation of these metabolites can disturb the cellular redox homeostasis, which can contribute to the neurological manifestations presented by the patients. So, in the present work, we investigated oxidative stress parameters in plasma and urine samples from HMGA patients, obtained at the moment of diagnosis of this disorder and during therapy with low-protein diet and L-carnitine supplementation. It was verified that untreated HMGA patients presented higher levels of urinary di-tyrosine and plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS), which are markers of protein and lipid oxidative damage, respectively, as well as a reduction of the urinary antioxidant capacity. Treated HMGA patients also presented an increased protein oxidative damage, as demonstrated by their higher concentrations of plasma protein carbonyl groups and urinary di-tyrosine, as well as by the reduction of total sulfhydryl groups in plasma, in relation to controls. On the other hand, HMGA patients under therapy presented normal levels of TBA-RS and urinary antioxidant capacity, which can be related, at least in part, to the antioxidant and antiperoxidative effects exerted by L-carnitine. The results of this work are the first report showing that a redox imbalance occurs in patients with HMGA what reinforces the importance of the antioxidant therapy in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Dos Santos Mello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil,
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Spergel CD, Milko M, Edwards C, Steinhoff JP. 3-Methylglutaconyl-Coenzyme-A Hydratase Deficiency and the Development of Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Cardiol Res 2014; 5:158-162. [PMID: 28348715 PMCID: PMC5358122 DOI: 10.14740/cr359w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A 25-year-old Canadian male with a history of 3-methylglutaconyl-coenzyme-A hydratase deficiency, also known as 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type I, a very rare inborn error of metabolism, presented with respiratory distress, nausea, vomiting and signs of multisystem organ failure due to a suspected underlying infectious process. An electrocardiogram revealed bilateral atrial enlargement and an elevated brain natriuretic peptide on the initial laboratory studies, which prompted a more thorough cardiac workup. The transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a dilated cardiomyopathy with severe systolic dysfunction. The deficient enzyme present in this patient is involved in the pathway of leucine catabolism and is particularly important in various tissues for energy production and sterol synthesis. The dilated cardiomyopathy in this patient possibly had a variety of potential mechanisms including: a mitochondrial myopathy due to the deficiency of this enzyme leading to a defect in energy production inside cardiac myocytes; or a direct toxicity from 3-methylglutaconic acid (3-MGA) and its toxic metabolites; or a cardiac dysfunction due to a variety of other potential mechanisms. In conclusion, this patient’s clinical presentation suggested that 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency could cause a severe dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig D Spergel
- Largo Medical Center, 201 14th Street Southwest, Largo, FL 33770, USA
| | - Mariya Milko
- Largo Medical Center, 201 14th Street Southwest, Largo, FL 33770, USA
| | | | - Jeff P Steinhoff
- Largo Medical Center, 201 14th Street Southwest, Largo, FL 33770, USA
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