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Bor S, Kalkan İH, Savarino E, Rao S, Tack J, Pasricha J, Cangemi D, Schol J, Karunaratne T, Ghisa M, Ahuja NK, Lacy B. Prokinetics-safety and efficacy: The European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility/The American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society expert review. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14774. [PMID: 38462678 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prokinetics are a class of pharmacological drugs designed to improve gastrointestinal (GI) motility, either regionally or across the whole gut. Each drug has its merits and drawbacks, and based on current evidence as high-quality studies are limited, we have no clear recommendation on one class or other. However, there remains a large unmet need for both regionally selective and/or globally acting prokinetic drugs that work primarily intraluminally and are safe and without systemic side effects. PURPOSE Here, we describe the strengths and weaknesses of six classes of prokinetic drugs, including their pharmacokinetic properties, efficacy, safety and tolerability and potential indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Bor
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine & Ege Reflux Study Group, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - İsmail H Kalkan
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Edoardo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova (AOUP), Padua, Italy
| | - Satish Rao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Health Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jan Tack
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jay Pasricha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David Cangemi
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jolien Schol
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tennekon Karunaratne
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Matteo Ghisa
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Nitin K Ahuja
- Division of Gastroenterology, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian Lacy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Al-Zuhairy SAS, Teaima MH, Shoman NA, Elasaly M, El-Nabarawi MA, El-Sawy HS. PEGylated Tween 80-functionalized chitosan-lipidic nano-vesicular hybrids for heightening nose-to-brain delivery and bioavailability of metoclopramide. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2189112. [PMID: 36916128 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2189112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A PEGylated Tween 80-functionalized chitosan-lipidic (PEG-T-Chito-Lip) nano-vesicular hybrid was developed for intranasal administration as an alternative delivery route to help improve the poor oral bioavailability of BCS class-III model/antiemetic (metoclopramide hydrochloride; MTC). The influence of varying levels of chitosan, cholesterol, PEG 600, and Tween 80 on the stability/release parameters of the formulated nanovesicles was optimized using Draper-Lin Design. Two optimized formulations (Opti-Max and Opti-Min) with both maximized and minimized MTC-release goals, were predicted, characterized, and proved their vesicular outline via light/electron microscopy, along with the mutual prompt/extended in-vitro release patterns. The dual-optimized MTC-loaded PEG-T-Chito-Lip nanovesicles were loaded in intranasal in-situ gel (ISG) and further underwent in-vivo pharmacokinetics/nose-to-brain delivery valuation on Sprague-Dawley rats. The absorption profiles in plasma (plasma-AUC0-∞) of the intranasal dual-optimized MTC-loaded nano-vesicular ISG formulation in pretreated rats were 2.95-fold and 1.64-fold more than rats pretreated with orally administered MTC and intranasally administered raw MTC-loaded ISG formulation, respectively. Interestingly, the brain-AUC0-∞ of the intranasal dual-optimized MTC-loaded ISG was 10 and 3 times more than brain-AUC0-∞ of the MTC-oral tablet and the intranasal raw MTC-loaded ISG, respectively. It was also revealed that the intranasal dual-optimized ISG significantly had the lowest liver-AUC0-∞ (862.19 ng.g-1.h-1) versus the MTC-oral tablet (5732.17 ng.g-1.h-1) and the intranasal raw MTC-loaded ISG (1799.69 ng.g-1.h-1). The brain/blood ratio profile for the intranasal dual-optimized ISG was significantly enhanced over all other MTC formulations (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 198.55% drug targeting efficiency, 75.26% nose-to-brain direct transport percentage, and 4.06 drug targeting index of the dual-optimized formulation were significantly higher than those of the raw MTC-loaded ISG formulation. The performance of the dual-optimized PEG-T-Chito-Lip nano-vesicular hybrids for intranasal administration evidenced MTC-improved bioavailability, circumvented hepatic metabolism, and enhanced brain targetability, with increased potentiality in heightening the convenience and compliance for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud H Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabil A Shoman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elasaly
- Pharmaceutical Inspection Department, Medical Service Sector, Ministry of Interior, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam S El-Sawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
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Eleraky NE, El-Badry M, Omar MM, El-Koussi WM, Mohamed NG, Abdel-Lateef MA, Hassan AS. Curcumin Transferosome-Loaded Thermosensitive Intranasal in situ Gel as Prospective Antiviral Therapy for SARS-Cov-2. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5831-5869. [PMID: 37869062 PMCID: PMC10590117 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s423251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Immunomodulatory and broad-spectrum antiviral activities have motivated the evaluation of curcumin for Coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) management. Inadequate bioavailability is the main impediment to the therapeutic effects of oral Cur. This study aimed to develop an optimal curcumin transferosome-loaded thermosensitive in situ gel to improve its delivery to the lungs. Methods Transferosomes were developed by using 33 screening layouts. The phospholipid concentration as well as the concentration and type of surfactant were considered independent variables. The entrapment efficiency (EE%), size, surface charge, and polydispersity index (PDI) were regarded as dependent factors. A cold technique was employed to develop thermosensitive in-situ gels. Optimized transferosomes were loaded onto the selected gels. The produced gel was assessed based on shape attributes, ex vivo permeability enhancement, and the safety of the nasal mucosa. The in vitro cytotoxicity, antiviral cytopathic effect, and plaque assay (CV/CPE/Plaque activity), and in vivo performance were evaluated after intranasal administration in experimental rabbits. Results The optimized preparation displayed a particle size of 664.3 ± 69.3 nm, EE% of 82.8 ± 0.02%, ZP of -11.23 ± 2.5 mV, and PDI of 0.6 ± 0.03. The in vitro curcumin release from the optimized transferosomal gel was markedly improved compared with that of the free drug-loaded gel. An ex vivo permeation study revealed a significant improvement (2.58-fold) in drug permeability across nasal tissues of sheep. Histopathological screening confirmed the safety of these preparations. This formulation showed high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 at reduced concentrations. High relative bioavailability (226.45%) was attained after the formula intranasally administered to rabbits compared to the free drug in-situ gel. The curcumin transferosome gel displayed a relatively high lung accumulation after intranasal administration. Conclusion This study provides a promising formulation for the antiviral treatment of COVID-19 patients, which can be evaluated further in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin E Eleraky
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Badry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Wesam M El-Koussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Noha G Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdel-Lateef
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abeer S Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Enggi CK, Satria MT, Nirmayanti N, Usman JT, Nur JF, Asri RM, Djide NJN, Permana AD. Improved transdermal delivery of valsartan using combinatorial approach of polymeric transdermal hydrogels and solid microneedles: an ex vivo proof of concept investigation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:334-350. [PMID: 36063003 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2121590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Valsartan (VAL) is used as a first-line agent to treat hypertension. However, VAL exhibits poor absorption and low bioavailability when administrated orally. To overcome these issues, VAL transdermal gel was developed in this study, where Carbopol was used as the gel matrices. Additionally, solid microneedles (Dermaroller®) with various needle lengths were combined with transdermal gel to improve its permeation across the stratum corneum as a skin barrier. Developed formulations were further evaluated for various parameters, including pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, gel strength, drug content, ex vivo permeation, in vitro release, occlusivity, and hemolysis. The results showed that all formulations exhibited desired physical characteristics without any potential to cause toxicity. Moreover, this approach showed that using microneedles could significantly enhance the permeation of VAL up to 3 folds compared to untreated skin. The use of microneedles 1.5 mm was found to be the optimum combination to improve VA permeation without affecting skin integrity. As much as 1.69 ± 0.004 mg of VAL permeated after 8 h. Finally, it could be concluded that this work had successfully developed a new approach for VALS drug delivery and could potentially show a significant impact on the treatment of hypertension. Further in vivo work should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mega Tri Satria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Mohananaidu K, Chatterjee B, Mohamed F, Mahmood S, Hamed Almurisi S. Thermoreversible Carbamazepine In Situ Gel for Intranasal Delivery: Development and In Vitro, Ex Vivo Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:288. [PMID: 36271212 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, intranasal (IN) delivery has been gaining attention as an alternative approach to conventional drug delivery routes targeting the brain. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is available as an orally ingestible formulation. The present study aims to develop a thermoreversible in situ gelling system for delivering CBZ via IN route. A cold method of synthesis has been used to tailor and optimize the thermoreversible gel composition, using poloxamer 407 (P407) (15-20% w/v) and iota carrageenan (ɩ-Cg) (0.15-0.25% w/v). The developed in situ gel showed gelation temperatures (28-33°C), pH (4.5-6.5), rheological properties (pseudoplastic, shear thinning), and mucoadhesive strength (1755.78-2495.05 dyne/cm2). The in vitro release study has shown sustained release behavior (24 h) for gel, containing significant retardation of CBZ release. The release kinetics fit to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, suggesting the non-Fickian diffusion type controlled release behavior. Ex vivo permeation through goat nasal mucosa showed sustained release from the gel containing 18% P407 with the highest cumulative drug permeated (243.94 µg/cm2) and a permeation flux of 10.16 µg/cm2/h. After treatment with CBZ in situ gel, the barrier function of nasal mucosa remained unaffected. Permeation through goat nasal mucosa using in situ gel has demonstrated a harmless nasal delivery, which can provide a new dimension to deliver CBZ directly to the brain bypassing the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mohananaidu
- AIMST University, Bukit Air Nasi 3 ½, Jalan Bedong, Semeling, Malaysia.,Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Bappaditya Chatterjee
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Mumbai, 400055, India.
| | - Farahidah Mohamed
- Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Samah Hamed Almurisi
- Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia
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Mahajan HS, Jadhao VD, Chandankar SM. Pullulan and Pluronic F-127 based in situ gel system for intranasal delivery: Development, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/08839115221110284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current work seeks to use Pullulan and Pluronic F-127 (PF-127), a new gel-forming material, for sildenafil citrate (SLC) intranasal delivery. The cold approach was used to develop an SLC-loaded in situ gel based on thermoreversible polymer PF-127 and mucoadhesive polymer Pullulan. In situ gel systems based on Pullulan responds intelligently to environmental stimuli like charge, pH, temperature, light, and redox. To achieve gelation at physiological temperature formulations were modified to have gelation temperatures lower than 34.1°C. Physical appearance and rheological measurements were used to calculate the temperature of gelation. With the addition of increasing quantities of Pullulan, the gelation temperatures fell (from 34.1°C for 8% w/v, 10% w/v, and 12% w/v 0.5% Pullulan). In the goat nasal mucosal membrane, Pullulan concentration increased the mucoadhesive force in terms of detachment stress. The results of drug permeation testing in vitro investigations over the goat nasal mucosa showed that utilizing an in situ gelling formulation with a Pullulan content of 0.5% or higher can greatly boost the effective penetration coefficient. The formulation was shown to be safe for the nasal mucosa after a histological investigation. Conclusively, Pullulan and PF-127 may be appropriate carriers for SLC intranasal administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitendra S Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikram D Jadhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin M Chandankar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
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Modified pea starch based ocular films of azelastine hydrochloride: Development and characterization. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Thakkar H, Vaghela D, Patel BP. Brain targeted intranasal in-situ gelling spray of paroxetine: Formulation, characterization and in-vivo evaluation". J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mignani S, Shi X, Karpus A, Majoral JP. Non-invasive intranasal administration route directly to the brain using dendrimer nanoplatforms: An opportunity to develop new CNS drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112905. [PMID: 33069435 PMCID: PMC7548078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are several routes of administration to the brain, including intraparenchymal, intraventricular, and subarachnoid injections. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) impedes the permeation and access of most drugs to the central nervous system (CNS), and consequently, many neurological diseases remain undertreated. For past decades, to circumvent this effect, several nanocarriers have been developed to deliver drugs to the brain. Importantly, intranasal (IN) administration can allow direct delivery of drugs into the brain through the anatomical connection between the nasal cavity and brain without crossing the BBB. In this regard, dendrimers may possess great potential to deliver drugs to the brain by IN administration, bypassing the BBB and reducing systemic exposure and side effects, to treat diseases of the CNS. In this original concise review, we highlighted the few examples advocated regarding the use of dendrimers to deliver CNS drugs directly via IN. This review highlighed the few examples of the association of dendrimer encapsulating drugs (e.g., small compounds: haloperidol and paeonol; macromolecular compounds: dextran, insulin and calcitonin; and siRNA) using IN administration. Good efficiencies were observed. In addition, we will present the in vivo effects of PAMAM dendrimers after IN administration, globally, showing no general toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Mignani
- Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 860, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologique, 45, Rue des Saints Peres, 75006, Paris, France; CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal.
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, PR China.
| | - Andrii Karpus
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Du CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Université Toulouse 118 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Du CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Université Toulouse 118 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France.
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Xu J, Tao J, Wang J. Design and Application in Delivery System of Intranasal Antidepressants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:626882. [PMID: 33409272 PMCID: PMC7779764 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.626882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major reasons why depressed patients fail their treatment course is the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents drugs from being delivered to the central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, nasal drug delivery has achieved better systemic bioavailability and activity in low doses in antidepressant treatment. In this review, we focused on the latest strategies for delivery carriers (or formation) of intranasal antidepressants. We began this review with an overview of the nasal drug delivery systems, including nasal drug delivery route, absorption mechanism, advantages, and limitations in the nasal drug delivery route. Next, we introduced the development of nasal drug delivery devices, such as powder devices, liquid-based devices, and so on. Finally, intranasal delivery carriers of antidepressants in clinical studies, including nanogels, nanostructured lipid, liposomes nanoparticles, nanoemulsions/microemulsion, were summarized. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives on recent progress of intranasal delivery carriers in antidepressant treatments were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Xu
- School of Marxism, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Mental Health Service Center, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jiangang Tao
- School of Marxism, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Mental Health Service Center, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
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Mohamed S, Nasr M, Salama A, Refai H. Novel lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles incorporated in thermosensitive in situ gel for intranasal delivery of terbutaline sulphate. J Microencapsul 2020; 37:577-594. [PMID: 32969722 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2020.1826590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present work aimed to improve the bioavailability of terbutaline sulphate (TS) and to prolong its nasal residence time for the treatment of asthma. METHODS Chitosan/pectin polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (CS/PC) were prepared by ionic gelation method and coated with phospholipid (PL) and then incorporated into optimised thermosensitive in situ gel. RESULTS The optimal PL-coated nanoparticle formulation (LP1) showed the smallest particle size (345.5 nm), the highest zeta potential (32.9 mV) and the greatest percent drug released after 6 h (71%). The optimum in situ gel loaded with LP1 (NG3) showed three times greater permeation through nasal mucosa than aqueous solution of TS and revealed about 94% and 92% of the effect of IV injection of drug solution on tidal volume and peak expiratory flow in histamine treated rats, respectively. CONCLUSION The developed PL-coated CS/PC/in situ gel could be considered as a promising intranasal formulation of TS for asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Mohamed
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nasr
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Center (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan Refai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
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Jelkmann M, Leichner C, Zaichik S, Laffleur F, Bernkop-Schnürch A. A gellan gum derivative as in-situ gelling cationic polymer for nasal drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:1037-1046. [PMID: 32380110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was the development of a novel gellan gum derivative exhibiting mucoadhesive properties for nasal application. Accomplishing this, amino groups have been introduced to the polymeric backbone. The resulting synthesis products were characterized in terms of the amount of attached amino groups, regarding hydration, zeta potential and gel characteristics. Mucoadhesiveness was assessed studying rheological synergism, by rotating cylinder and regarding tensile studies. Next to erythrocyte-/cytotoxicity evaluation, the impact on ciliary beat frequency of nasal epithelial cells was investigated. Results revealed coupling rates up to 1259.50 ± 75.98 μmol/g polymer as well as accelerated hydration of the derivatives. Comparing aminated with unmodified gellan, enhanced mucoadhesion was verified by a 32-fold increase in viscosity of polymer/mucus mixtures and by a 14-fold extended mucosal adhesion time. Tensile studies demonstrated a 9-fold higher total work of adhesion and a 3.75-fold elevated maximum detachment force. Cellular membrane was not seriously impaired. CBF studies proved a reversible inhibition due to the application of the novel derivative. According to the outlined findings, aminated gellan gum can be considered as a promising excipient for nasal dosage forms improving drug bioavailability by superior adhesive features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Jelkmann
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christina Leichner
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sergey Zaichik
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Flavia Laffleur
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Sun Y, Li L, Xie H, Wang Y, Gao S, Zhang L, Bo F, Yang S, Feng A. Primary Studies on Construction and Evaluation of Ion-Sensitive in situ Gel Loaded with Paeonol-Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Intranasal Drug Delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3137-3160. [PMID: 32440115 PMCID: PMC7210040 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s247935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeonol (PAE) is a potential central neuroprotective agent with poor water solubility and rapid metabolism in vivo. The key to improve the clinical application of PAE in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is to improve the brain delivery of it. The purpose of this study was to construct a paeonol-solid lipid nanoparticles-in situ gel (PAE-SLNs-ISG) drug delivery system based on nose-brain transport pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the stability of PAE in simulated biological samples was studied firstly in order to clarify the reasons for low oral bioavailability. Paeonol-solid lipid nanoparticles (PAE-SLNs) were prepared by high-temperature emulsification-low-temperature curing combined with ultrasound. The PAE-SLNs-ISG drug delivery system was constructed, and related formulation optimization, preparation characterization, cell evaluation and in vivo evaluation were performed. RESULTS The metabolic mechanism of PAE incubated in the liver microsomes metabolic system was in accordance with the first-order kinetics, and the half-life was 0.23 h. PAE-SLNs were polyhedral or spherical particles with good dispersion and the particle size was 166.79 nm ± 2.92 nm. PAE-SLNs-ISG solution was a Newtonian fluid with a viscosity of 44.36 mPa · S ± 2.89 mPa · S. The viscosity of PAE-SLNs-ISG gel was 1542.19 mPa · S ± 19.30 mPa · S, and the rheological evaluation showed that the gel was a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid with shear thinning, thixotropy and yield value. The release mechanism of PAE from PAE-SLNs was drug diffusion; the release mechanism of PAE from PAE-SLNs-ISG was a synergistic effect of skeleton erosion and drug diffusion. The cell viabilities of PAE-SLNs and PAE-SLNs-ISG in the concentration range of 0.001 µg/mL to 10 µg/mL were higher than 90%, showing a low level of cytotoxicity. The geometric mean fluorescent intensities of RPMI 2650 cells incubated with fluorescein isothiocyanate-solid lipid nanoparticles (FITC-SLNs) for 1 h, 4 h and 6 h were 1841 ± 24, 2261 ± 27 and 2757 ± 22, respectively. Cyanine7 NHS ester-solid lipid nanoparticles-in situ gel (Cy7-SLNs-ISG) accumulated effectively in the brain area after administration through the olfactory area, and the fluorescence response was observed in olfactory bulb, cerebellum and striatum. CONCLUSION SLNs-ISG nose-brain drug delivery system can effectively deliver SLNs to brain regions, and it is a potentially effective strategy to realize the brain region delivery of PAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingjun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huichao Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fumin Bo
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanjing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anjie Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
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Kumar A, Naik PK, Pradhan D, Ghosh G, Rath G. Mucoadhesive formulations: innovations, merits, drawbacks, and future outlook. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 25:797-814. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1753771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amresh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | | | - Deepak Pradhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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16
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Ge Y, Zhang A, Sun R, Xu J, Yin T, He H, Gou J, Kong J, Zhang Y, Tang X. Penetratin-modified lutein nanoemulsion in-situ gel for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:603-619. [PMID: 32105151 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1735348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Lutein is the primary macular pigment with an favorable effect on the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the poor water solubility of lutein hinders its absorption and delivery. In this study, a penetratin-modified lutein nanoemulsion in-situ gel (GEL) was prepared for the treatment of AMD.Methods: A nanoemulsion (NE) was prepared and modified with penetratin (P-NE) to improve the penetration. The effect of penetratin was evaluated by cell uptake and intraocular distribution assays. A dry AMD model was induced using NaIO3, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated by electroretinography, the number of apoptosis cells and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level.Results: Lutein showed a good ability to protect ARPE-19 from the damage of H2O2 and the uptake rate of P-NE was significantly higher than NE. In the efficacy experiments, the structure of retina was significantly improved after treatment, the apoptosis rate decreased from 31.98% to 2.05%, and the level of ROS was significantly decreased (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: With the aid of penetratin, lutein could be delivered to the retina effectively. The P-NE GEL could evidently inhibit the apoptosis and ROS, demonstrating that the P-NE GEL has a good application prospect in the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Anan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.,Department of Pharmacy, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jun Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
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Patil RP, Pawara DD, Gudewar CS, Tekade AR. Nanostructured cubosomes in an in situ nasal gel system: an alternative approach for the controlled delivery of donepezil HCl to brain. J Liposome Res 2019; 29:264-273. [PMID: 30501444 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2018.1552703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to develop cubosomal mucoadhesive in situ nasal gel to enhance the donepezil HCl delivery to the brain. Glycerol mono-oleate (GMO) and surfactant poloxamer 407 were used to prepare cubosomes. The developed formulations were characterized for particle size (PS), poly dispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in vitro drug release and in vivo bio-distribution study in blood and brain tissue. Central composite design was used for the optimization purpose and the selected formulation (containing GMO 2 g and poloxamer 1.5%) was prepared in presence of gellan gum and konjac gum as gelling agent and mucoadhesive agent respectively. The optimal cubosomal dispersion and optimal cubosomal mucoadhesive in situ nasal gel were subjected to in vivo bio-distribution studies in rat model. It showed significantly higher transnasal permeation and better distribution to the brain, when compared to the drug solution. Thus, the formulated cubosomal mucoadhesive in situ gel could be considered as a promising carrier for brain targeting of CNS acting drugs through the transnasal route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul P Patil
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, JSPM'S Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy and Research , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Devlya D Pawara
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, Marathwada Mitra Mandal's College of Pharmacy , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Chetan S Gudewar
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, Marathwada Mitra Mandal's College of Pharmacy , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Avinash R Tekade
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, Marathwada Mitra Mandal's College of Pharmacy , Pune , Maharashtra , India
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Xie H, Li L, Sun Y, Wang Y, Gao S, Tian Y, Ma X, Guo C, Bo F, Zhang L. An Available Strategy for Nasal Brain Transport of Nanocomposite Based on PAMAM Dendrimers via In Situ Gel. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020147. [PMID: 30682799 PMCID: PMC6409925 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are efficient drug carriers. The presence of a physiological pathway for nasal brain transport provides a potential path for direct brain-targeted delivery of dendrimer nanocomposites. In this study, we synthesized PAMAM dendrimer composites with a nanoscale size; the particle size of PAE (Paeonol)/mPEG (the heterofunctional PEG polymer with a methoxy)-PAMAM G5.NHAc and mPEG-PAMAM G5.NH₂-FITC were 72.41 ± 11.58 nm and 96.51 ± 7.77 nm, and the zeta potential of PAE/mPEG-PAMAM G5.NHAc and mPEG-PAMAM G5.NH₂-FITC were + 0.57 ± 0.11 mv and + 9.60 ± 0.41 mv, respectively. The EE% and DL% of PAE in PAE/mPEG-PAMAM G5.NHAc were 53.77% and 13.92%, respectively. PAE/mPEG-PAMAM G5.NHAc/DGG ionic-sensitive in situ gel was prepared, the viscosity of solution and gel state were 112 ± 3.2 mPa and 1403 ± 38.5 mPa, respectively. The in vitro goat mucoadhesive strength of the gel was 4763.36 ± 85.39 dyne/cm². In situ gel system was proven to be a non-Newtonian pseudo-plastic fluid with shear thinning, thixotropy and yield stress. The optimal model of PAE released from PAE/mPEG-PAMAM G5.NHAc and PAE/mPEG-PAMAM G5.NHAc/DGG were the Higuchi equation and the Korsmeyer-Peppas equation, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites showed a concentration-dependence, and the cell viabilities of PAE/mPEG-PAMAM G5.NHAc were both higher than 95% between 0.0001 μM and 10 μM. mPEG-PAMAM G5.NH₂-FITC was efficiently taken up by cells and exhibited strong fluorescence in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Significant accumulation of nanocomposites was observed in the brain after administration of the in situ gel group, and maximum accumulation was reached at 12 h. A small amount of accumulation was observed in the nanocomposite solution group only at 2 h. Therefore, the direct nasal brain transport efficiency of PAMAM dendrimer nanocomposites can be significantly improved after combining with in situ gel. PAMAM dendrimer nanocomposite/DGG is a potential drug delivery system for nasal brain transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Lingjun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Yue Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Shuang Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Yuan Tian
- College of Graduate, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Xuemei Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Chengcheng Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Fumin Bo
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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20
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Zahir-Jouzdani F, Wolf JD, Atyabi F, Bernkop-Schnürch A. In situ gelling and mucoadhesive polymers: why do they need each other? Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:1007-1019. [PMID: 30173567 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1517741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mucosal drug delivery is an attractive route of administration, particularly in overcoming deficits of conventional dosage forms including high first-pass metabolism and poor bioavailability. Fast drainage from the target mucosa, however, represents a major limitation as it prevents sufficient drug absorption. In order to address these problems, mucoadhesive in situ gelling drug delivery systems have been investigated as they facilitate easy application in combination with a longer residence time at the administration site resulting in more desirable therapeutic effects. AREAS COVERED The present review evaluates the importance of the combination of mucoadhesive and in situ gelling polymers along with mechanisms of in situ gelation and mucoadhesion. In addition, an overview about recent applications in mucosal drug delivery is provided. EXPERT OPINION In situ gelling and mucoadhesive polymers proved to be essential excipients in order to prolong the mucosal residence time of drug delivery systems. Due to this prolonged residence time both local and systemic therapeutic efficacy of numerous drugs can be substantially improved. Depending on the site of administration and the incorporated drug, combinations of different polymers with in situ gelling and mucoadhesive properties are needed to keep the delivery system as long as feasible at the target site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouhe Zahir-Jouzdani
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Julian Dominik Wolf
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria.,c Thiomatrix Forschungs- und Beratungs GmbH, Research Center Innsbruck , Trientlgasse, Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
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Marzouk MA, Osman DA, Abd El-Fattah AI. Formulation and in vitro evaluation of a thermoreversible mucoadhesive nasal gel of itopride hydrochloride. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1857-1867. [PMID: 30033783 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1504059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Itopride hydrochloride (ITO HCl) is a prokinetic agent, used in the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders. The aim of the study was to develop stable mucoadhesive thermoreversible nasal gel to avoid first pass effect. ITO HCl was incorporated into the blends of thermoreversible polymers like poloxamer 407 and various mucoadhesive polymers in different concentrations to increase the contact of the formulations with nasal mucosa. The compatibility between the drug and the suggested polymers was studied by Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The formulations were evaluated for clarity, pH, gelation temperature, mucoadhesive strength, gel strength, viscosity, and drug content. In addition, the in vitro drug release and the dissolution efficiency (DE)% were measured. The optimized formulations that showed the highest dissolution efficiency% (DE%) in saline phosphate buffer of pH 6.4 at 35 ± 0.5 °C were chosen for stability testing at temperatures of 4 ± 2 and 25 ± 2 °C/60 ± 5% RH. It was found that F1 and F17 that contain 18% w/v poloxamer 407 and 0.5% w/v of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose K4M or methyl cellulose (MC), respectively, showed higher stability results as indicated by their higher t90 values (days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Marzouk
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Dina A Osman
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Amany I Abd El-Fattah
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt
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Deore UV, Mahajan HS. Isolation and characterization of natural polysaccharide from Cassia Obtustifolia seed mucilage as film forming material for drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:1071-1078. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Polymeric Hydrogels as Technology Platform for Drug Delivery Applications. Gels 2017; 3:gels3030025. [PMID: 30920522 PMCID: PMC6318675 DOI: 10.3390/gels3030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have become key players in the field of drug delivery owing to their great versatility in terms of composition and adjustability to various administration routes, from parenteral (e.g., intravenous) to non-parenteral (e.g., oral, topical) ones. In addition, based on the envisioned application, the design of bioadhesive or mucoadhesive hydrogels with prolonged residence time in the administration site may be beneficial. For example, hydrogels are used as wound dressings and patches for local and systemic therapy. In a similar way, they can be applied in the vaginal tract for local treatment or in the nasal cavity for a similar goal or, conversely, to target the central nervous system by the nose-to-brain pathway. Overall, hydrogels have demonstrated outstanding capabilities to ensure patient compliance, while achieving long-term therapeutic effects. The present work overviews the most relevant and recent applications of hydrogels in drug delivery with special emphasis on mucosal routes.
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Nanoemulsion-based electrolyte triggered in situ gel for ocular delivery of acetazolamide. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 104:302-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Patel N, Nakrani H, Raval M, Sheth N. Development of loteprednol etabonate-loaded cationic nanoemulsified in-situ ophthalmic gel for sustained delivery and enhanced ocular bioavailability. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:3712-3723. [DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1223225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Happy Nakrani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Mihir Raval
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Navin Sheth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Sonje AG, Mahajan HS. Nasal inserts containing ondansetron hydrochloride based on Chitosan-gellan gum polyelectrolyte complex: In vitro-in vivo studies. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 64:329-335. [PMID: 27127060 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the production of ondansetron hydrochloride loaded lyophilized insert for nasal delivery. The nasal insert was prepared by the lyophilisation technique using Chitosan-gellan gum polyelectrolyte complex as the polymer matrix. The ondansetron loaded inserts were evaluated with respect to water uptake, bioadhesion, drug release kinetic study, ex vivo permeation study, and in vivo study. Lyophilised nasal inserts were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction study. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the porous sponge like structure of inserts whereas release kinetic model revealed that drug release followed non-fickian case II diffusion. The nasal delivery showed improved bioavailability as compared to oral delivery. In conclusion, the ondansetron containing nasal inserts based on Chitosan-gellan gum complex with potential muco-adhesive potential is suitable for nasal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish G Sonje
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Hitendra S Mahajan
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India.
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Salunke SR, Patil SB. Ion activated in situ gel of gellan gum containing salbutamol sulphate for nasal administration. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 87:41-7. [PMID: 26899173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nasal delivery is the promising approach for rapid onset of action and avoids the first pass metabolism. The main aim of present study was to develop a novel mucoadhesive in situ gel of salbutamol sulphate using gellan gum and hydroxylpropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) for nasal administration. The formulations were prepared so as to have gelation at physiological ion content after nasal administration. Developed formulations were evaluated for gelation, viscosity, drug content, in vitro mucoadhesion, in vitro drug release study, ex vivo permeation, and histopathology. Formulations showed pH in the range of nasal cavity and optimum viscosity for nasal administration. The mucoadhesive force depends upon concentration of HPMC and drug release was found to be 97.34% in 11h. The histopathology did not detect any damage during ex vivo permeation studies. Hence, in situ gel system of gellan gum may be a promising approach for nasal delivery of salbutamol sulphate for therapeutic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha R Salunke
- Shri Neminath Jain Brahmacharyashram's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Dist. Nashik 423 101, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay B Patil
- Shri Neminath Jain Brahmacharyashram's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Dist. Nashik 423 101, Maharashtra, India.
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Vito VD, Kim TW, Rota S, Giorgi M. Pharmacokinetics of Metoclopramide After IntraARTERIAL, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous, and Perrectal Administration in Rabbits. J Exot Pet Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Aboud HM, Ali AA, El-Menshawe SF, Elbary AA. Nanotransfersomes of carvedilol for intranasal delivery: formulation, characterization and in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:2471-2481. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1013587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Aboud
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt and
| | - Adel Ahmed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt and
| | - Shahira F. El-Menshawe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt and
| | - Ahmed Abd Elbary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Fortuna A, Alves G, Serralheiro A, Sousa J, Falcão A. Intranasal delivery of systemic-acting drugs: Small-molecules and biomacromolecules. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:8-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Formulation and evaluation of thermosensitive biogels for nose to brain delivery of doxepin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:847547. [PMID: 25032225 PMCID: PMC4086251 DOI: 10.1155/2014/847547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermoreversible biogels can serve as effective systems for delivery of drugs through nose with increased nasal residence time. The objective of this study was to use chitosan and glycerophosphate based thermoreversible systems for delivery of doxepin to brain through intranasal administration. Formulations were prepared by admixture of suitable dilutions of chitosan and glycerophosphate with or without polyethylene glycol, followed by addition of the antidepressant doxepin hydrochloride. Both systems were evaluated for gelling characteristics, rheology, mucoadhesion, in vitro release, and ex vivo permeation through sheep nasal mucosa. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in Swiss albino mice through the forced swim test. Nasal tissues of mice subjected to repeated exposure to formulation were evaluated histopathologically. Both formulations gelled rapidly at 37°C, returned to sol state on cooling, and exhibited thixotropy. Addition of polyethylene glycol decreased the glycerophosphate content required for gelation and rendered the formulation isotonic. Both gels showed good mucoadhesion, enhanced drug permeation, and provided prolonged in vitro release at 37°C. Efficacy of the formulation in treated groups was inferred from the measured pharmacodynamic parameter and histopathological reports of formulation treated groups showed no significant local toxicity. The biogels could be potential systems for effective drug delivery to brain via nose.
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Mahajan HS, Mahajan MS, Nerkar PP, Agrawal A. Nanoemulsion-based intranasal drug delivery system of saquinavir mesylate for brain targeting. Drug Deliv 2013; 21:148-54. [PMID: 24128122 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.838014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is an immunological privileged sanctuary site-providing reservoir for HIV-1 virus. Current anti-HIV drugs, although effective in reducing plasma viral levels, cannot eradicate the virus completely from the body. The low permeability of anti-HIV drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leads to insufficient delivery. Therefore, developing a novel approaches enhancing the CNS delivery of anti-HIV drugs are required for the treatment of neuro-AIDS. The aim of this study was to develop intranasal nanoemulsion (NE) for enhanced bioavailability and CNS targeting of saquinavir mesylate (SQVM). SQVM is a protease inhibitor which is a poorly soluble drug widely used as antiretroviral drug, with oral bioavailability is about 4%. The spontaneous emulsification method was used to prepare drug-loaded o/w nanoemulsion, which was characterized by droplet size, zeta potential, pH, drug content. Moreover, ex-vivo permeation studies were performed using sheep nasal mucosa. The optimized NE showed a significant increase in drug permeation rate compared to the plain drug suspension (PDS). Cilia toxicity study on sheep nasal mucosa showed no significant adverse effect of SQVM-loaded NE. Results of in vivo biodistribution studies show higher drug concentration in brain after intranasal administration of NE than intravenous delivered PDS. The higher percentage of drug targeting efficiency (% DTE) and nose-to-brain drug direct transport percentage (% DTP) for optimized NE indicated effective CNS targeting of SQVM via intranasal route. Gamma scintigraphy imaging of the rat brain conclusively demonstrated transport of drug in the CNS at larger extent after intranasal administration as NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitendra S Mahajan
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Shirpur , India and
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Mahajan HS, Tyagi V, Lohiya G, Nerkar P. Thermally reversible xyloglucan gels as vehicles for nasal drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2012; 19:270-6. [PMID: 22823894 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2012.704095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential application of thermosensitive gels formed by a xyloglucan polysaccharide derived from tamarind seed for nasal drug delivery. Xyloglucan that had been partially degraded by β-galactosidase to eliminate 45% of galactose residues formed gels at concentrations of 2.5% w/w at gelation temperatures decreasing over the range 27-28°C. The in vitro release of ondansetron hydrochloride from the enzyme-degraded xyloglucan gels followed higuchi kinetics over a period of 5 h at 34°C by anomalous transport mechanism. The ex vivo permeation of ondansetron hydrochloride from the gels was sustained. Histological examination of nasal mucosa following a single administration of the gels showed no evidence of mucosal damage. Finally, the bioavailability study in rabbits revealed that the absolute bioavailability of ondansetron hydrochloride was significantly increased from 28.64% in the case of the oral drug solution to 52.79% in the case of the nasal in situ gel. The results of this study suggest the potential of the enzyme-degraded xyloglucan gels as vehicles for nasal delivery of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitendra S Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Quality Assurance, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka Shirpur, Dist Dhule, Shirpur, India.
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Nerkar PP, Gattani SG. Cress seed mucilage based buccal mucoadhesive gel of venlafaxine: in vivo, in vitro evaluation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:771-779. [PMID: 22203515 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Venlafaxine is a newer antipsychotic drug which shows first pass effect. Cress seed is also called as garden cress or green salad. This study examined the mechanical (gel strength, adhesiveness) and rheological properties of cress seed mucilage based gels that contain different ratios of carbopol 934 P (0.5-1.5%). In addition, diffusion of venlafaxine from gel formulations was evaluated. The selected formulation was further analyzed for pharmacokinetic parameters in rabbits. All formulations exhibited pseudoplastic flow with thixotropy. Formulation F5 showed the C(max) of 24.19 ± 0.72 ng/ml by buccal route of administration and 17.98 ± 1.15 ng/ml by oral route of administration. The bioavailability of F5 by buccal route was 54.44% and that of by oral route was 39.60%. A combination of the cress seed mucilage and carbopol 934 P resulted in a prolonged and higher venlafaxine delivery by buccal route of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Padmakar Nerkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, RC Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Dist-Dhule, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India.
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Ozsoy Y, Güngör S. Nasal route: an alternative approach for antiemetic drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 8:1439-53. [PMID: 22004793 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.607437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antiemetic drugs are used in the treatment of nausea and emesis. Development of novel delivery systems for antiemetic drugs, as an alternative to conventional preparations, is important in terms of good patient compliance and improving bioavailability. The nasal route offers unique superiorities, such as fast and high drug absorption, and high patient compliance. Therefore, a considerable amount of research has been carried out on the development of nasal delivery systems for antiemetic drugs. AREAS COVERED This review deals with the importance of nasal delivery of antiemetic drugs and the studies performed on this subject. The first part of this review summarizes the properties of the nasal route, its advantages and limitations, parameters affecting drug absorption through nasal mucosa, nasal passage pathways and general approaches to improve nasal transport. The second part reviews the studies conducted on the development of nasal delivery systems. EXPERT OPINION Due to its superiorities, the nasal route could be considered as an attractive alternative to oral and parenteral routes. To overcome the barrier properties of the nasal epithelium and to enhance transport of antiemetic drugs, several approaches, including permeation enhancers, in situ gel formulations and micro- and nanoparticulate systems, have been evaluated. The results obtained are promising and indicate that nasal formulations of some antiemetic drugs may enter the market in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yildiz Ozsoy
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abstract
Gastroparesis is a chronic disorder that affects a significant subset of the population. Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for the development of gastroparesis. Currently, metoclopramide is the only US FDA-approved medication for the treatment of gastroparesis. However, the FDA recently placed a black-box warning on metoclopramide because of the risk of related side effects, including tardive dyskinesia, the incidence of which has been cited to be as high as 15% in the literature. This review will investigate the mechanisms by which metoclopramide improves the symptoms of gastroparesis and will focus on the evidence of clinical efficacy supporting metoclopramide use in gastroparesis. Finally, we seek to document the true complication risk from metoclopramide, especially tardive dyskinesia, by reviewing the available evidence in the literature. Potential strategies to mitigate the risk of complications from metoclopramide will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Lee
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Braden Kuo
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Blake 4, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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