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Kilanowska A, Szkudelski T. Effects of inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3B in pancreatic islets on insulin secretion: a potential link with some stimulatory pathways. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:250-257. [PMID: 31240952 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1628071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated intracellular cAMP concentrations potentiate insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells. Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) is highly expressed in these cells and plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, effects of amrinone, an inhibitor of PDE3B on insulin release from isolated pancreatic islets, were determined. RESULTS Exposure of islets to amrinone for 15, 30 and 90 min markedly increased secretion induced by 6.7 mM glucose. Amrinone enhanced also secretion stimulated by 6.7 mM glucose and DB-cAMP, an activator of PKA. It was also demonstrated that amrinone potentiated insulin secretion induced by 6.7 mM glucose in the combination with PMA (activator of PKC) or acetylcholine. However, the insulin-secretory response to glucose and glibenclamide was unchanged by amrinone. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that amrinone is capable of increasing insulin secretion; however, its action is restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kilanowska
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szkudelski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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2
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Mikov M, Pavlović N, Stanimirov B, Đanić M, Goločorbin-Kon S, Stankov K, Al-Salami H. DPP-4 Inhibitors: Renoprotective Potential and Pharmacokinetics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Renal Impairment. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 45:1-14. [PMID: 31385198 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-019-00570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The continuously increasing incidence of diabetes worldwide has attracted the attention of the scientific community and driven the development of a novel class of antidiabetic drugs that can be safely and effectively used in diabetic patients. Of particular interest in this context are complications associated with diabetes, such as renal impairment, which is the main cause of high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Intensive control of glucose levels and other risk factors associated with diabetes and metabolic syndrome provides the foundations for both preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors represent a highly promising novel class of oral agents used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus that may be successfully combined with currently available antidiabetic therapeutics in order to achieve blood glucose goals. Beyond glycemic control, emerging evidence suggests that DPP-4 inhibitors may have desirable off-target effects, including renoprotection. All type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with impaired renal function require dose adjustment of any DPP-4 inhibitor administered except for linagliptin, for which renal excretion is a minor elimination pathway. Thus, linagliptin is the drug most frequently chosen to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia.
| | - Nebojša Pavlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Bojan Stanimirov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Maja Đanić
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Goločorbin-Kon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Karmen Stankov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Li Y, Li L, De Peng Y, Song GY, Ye SD, Du LY, Hou JN, Ji QH. Efficacy and Safety of Dulaglutide Versus Insulin Glargine in Chinese T2DM Patients: A Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Trial (AWARD-CHN2). Diabetes Ther 2019; 10:1435-1452. [PMID: 31228090 PMCID: PMC6612357 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-019-0646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate efficacy and safety data of dulaglutide in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had inadequate glycemic control with 1-2 oral antihyperglycemic medications (OAMs). METHODS This is a subgroup analysis of a phase 3, open-label, randomized, parallel-arm, 52-week study in Chinese patients aged ≥ 18 years with T2DM who had inadequate glycemic control with OAMs (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥ 7.0% and ≤ 11.0%). The primary endpoint was assessment of the noninferiority of dulaglutide 1.5 mg as measured by change in HbA1c, compared with insulin glargine (glargine), using a 0.4% noninferiority margin at week 26. RESULTS A total of 607 patients from China were randomized 1:1:1 to once-weekly dulaglutide 1.5 or 0.75 mg or once-daily glargine. At week 26, the least squares mean (LSM) change from baseline in HbA1c was greater with dulaglutide 1.5 mg (- 1.67%) and dulaglutide 0.75 mg (- 1.31%) compared with glargine (- 1.11%). The LSM (95% confidence interval) for the difference of dulaglutide 1.5 mg and 0.75 mg vs glargine was - 0.56% (- 0.75 to - 0.37) and - 0.20% (- 0.39 to - 0.01), respectively. Both doses of dulaglutide were noninferior and superior to glargine at 26 weeks and 52 weeks (two-sided P value < 0.05). The mean body weight decreased (P < 0.001) and total hypoglycemia rates were lower (P < 0.05) in the dulaglutide groups compared with the glargine group. Gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) were the most frequently reported AEs in dulaglutide groups. CONCLUSION Both doses of dulaglutide are efficacious and tolerable in Chinese patients with T2DM who had inadequate glycemic control on OAMs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT01648582. FUNDING Eli Lilly and Company.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yong De Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yao Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | | | - Li Ying Du
- Lilly Suzhou Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Ning Hou
- Lilly Suzhou Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiu He Ji
- Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
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Song I, Roels S, Martens GA, Bouwens L. Circulating microRNA-375 as biomarker of pancreatic beta cell death and protection of beta cell mass by cytoprotective compounds. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186480. [PMID: 29040320 PMCID: PMC5645134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies demonstrated that circulating microRNA-375 (miR-375) is a suitable plasma biomarker for real-time detection of beta cell death. The present study evaluated the use of this biomarker to assess the beta cytoprotective effect of phenylpropenoic acid glucoside (PPAG), which was previously demonstrated to protect beta cells against various types of injury, and of exendin-4, which is an established antidiabetic drug. Methods PPAG or exendin-4 were administered in mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ) to acutely induce beta cell death. Beta cell mass and apoptotic death were measured in pancreatic tissue sections. Circulating miR-375 was measured in blood plasma by RT-qPCR. The release of miR-375 was also measured in vitro by MIN-6 beta cells. Results Administration of STZ resulted in measurable circulating levels of miR-375, a decrease in beta cell mass and increase in frequency of apoptotic beta cells. In vitro, there was a good correlation between miR-375 release and the extent of beta cell death. Treatment of mice with PPAG or exendin-4 significantly attenuated STZ-induced loss of beta cell mass and beta cell apoptosis, and normalized the blood level of miR-375. Conclusions These findings show the potential use of serological miR-375 measurements to evaluate the beta cytoprotective effect of (potential) antidiabetic drugs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Song
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah Roels
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geert A. Martens
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Hasnain SZ, Prins JB, McGuckin MA. Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in β-cell dysfunction in diabetes. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:R33-54. [PMID: 26576641 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inability of pancreatic β-cells to make sufficient insulin to control blood sugar is a central feature of the aetiology of most forms of diabetes. In this review we focus on the deleterious effects of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on β-cell insulin biosynthesis and secretion and on inflammatory signalling and apoptosis with a particular emphasis on type 2 diabetes (T2D). We argue that oxidative stress and ER stress are closely entwined phenomena fundamentally involved in β-cell dysfunction by direct effects on insulin biosynthesis and due to consequences of the ER stress-induced unfolded protein response. We summarise evidence that, although these phenomenon can be driven by intrinsic β-cell defects in rare forms of diabetes, in T2D β-cell stress is driven by a range of local environmental factors including increased drivers of insulin biosynthesis, glucolipotoxicity and inflammatory cytokines. We describe our recent findings that a range of inflammatory cytokines contribute to β-cell stress in diabetes and our discovery that interleukin 22 protects β-cells from oxidative stress regardless of the environmental triggers and can correct much of diabetes pathophysiology in animal models. Finally we summarise evidence that β-cell dysfunction is reversible in T2D and discuss therapeutic opportunities for relieving oxidative and ER stress and restoring glycaemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Z Hasnain
- ImmunityInfection and Inflammation Program, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, AustraliaMetabolic Diseases ProgramMater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Johannes B Prins
- ImmunityInfection and Inflammation Program, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, AustraliaMetabolic Diseases ProgramMater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Michael A McGuckin
- ImmunityInfection and Inflammation Program, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, AustraliaMetabolic Diseases ProgramMater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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Huang C, Yuan L, Cao S. Endogenous GLP-1 as a key self-defense molecule against lipotoxicity in pancreatic islets. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:173-85. [PMID: 25976560 PMCID: PMC4494597 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of pro-α cells is known to increase in response to β cell injury and these cells then generate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), thus attenuating the development of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to further examine the role and the mechanisms responsible for intra-islet GLP-1 production as a self-protective response against lipotoxicity. The levels of the key enzyme, prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3), as well as the synthesis and release of GLP-1 in models of lipotoxicity were measured. Furthermore, islet viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as islet structure were assessed after altering GLP-1 receptor signaling. Both prolonged exposure to palmitate and a high-fat diet facilitated PC1/3 expression, as well as the synthesis and release of GLP-1 induced by β cell injury and the generation of pro-α cells. Prolonged exposure to palmitate increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), partially prevented the detrimental effects induced by palmitate on β cells, resulting in decreased GLP-1 levels. Furthermore, the inhibition of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) signaling by treatment with exendin‑(9-39) further decreased cell viability, increased cell apoptosis and caused a stronger inhibition of the β cell-specific transcription factor, pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1). Moreover, treatment with the GLP-1R agonist, liraglutide, normalized islet structure and function, resulting in a decrease in cell death and in the amelioration of β cell marker expression. Importantly, liraglutide maintained the oxidative balance and decreased inflammatory factor and p65 expression. Overall, our data demonstrate that an increase in the number of pro-α cells and the activation of the intra-islet GLP-1 system comprise a self-defense mechanism for enhancing β cell survival to combat lipid overload, which is in part mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghu Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shuyi Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Pulsatile insulin secretion, impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Mol Aspects Med 2015; 42:61-77. [PMID: 25637831 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) results when increases in beta cell function and/or mass cannot compensate for rising insulin resistance. Numerous studies have documented the longitudinal changes in metabolism that occur during the development of glucose intolerance and lead to T2DM. However, the role of changes in insulin secretion, both amount and temporal pattern, has been understudied. Most of the insulin secreted from pancreatic beta cells of the pancreas is released in a pulsatile pattern, which is disrupted in T2DM. Here we review the evidence that changes in beta cell pulsatility occur during the progression from glucose intolerance to T2DM in humans, and contribute significantly to the etiology of the disease. We review the evidence that insulin pulsatility improves the efficacy of secreted insulin on its targets, particularly hepatic glucose production, but also examine evidence that pulsatility alters or is altered by changes in peripheral glucose uptake. Finally, we summarize our current understanding of the biophysical mechanisms responsible for oscillatory insulin secretion. Understanding how insulin pulsatility contributes to normal glucose homeostasis and is altered in metabolic disease states may help improve the treatment of T2DM.
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Ludvigsson J. Combination therapy for preservation of beta cell function in Type 1 diabetes: New attitudes and strategies are needed! Immunol Lett 2014; 159:30-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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