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Piplani P, Kumar A, Kulshreshtha A, Vohra T, Piplani V. Recent Development of DNA Gyrase Inhibitors: An Update. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1001-1030. [PMID: 37909434 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575264264230921080718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic or antimicrobial resistance is an urgent global public health threat that occurs when bacterial or fungal infections do not respond to the drug regimen designed to treat these infections. As a result, these microbes are not evaded and continue to grow. Antibiotic resistance against natural and already-known antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin and Novobiocin can be overcome by developing an agent that can act in different ways. The success of agents like Zodiflodacin and Zenoxacin in clinical trials against DNA gyrase inhibitors that act on different sites of DNA gyrase has resulted in further exploration of this target. However, due to the emergence of bacterial resistance against these targets, there is a great need to design agents that can overcome this resistance and act with greater efficacy. This review provides information on the synthetic and natural DNA gyrase inhibitors that have been developed recently and their promising potential for combating antimicrobial resistance. The review also presents information on molecules that are in clinical trials and their current status. It also analysed the SAR studies and mechanisms of action of enlisted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Piplani
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Akanksha Kulshreshtha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Tamanna Vohra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Vritti Piplani
- Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, 173205, India
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2
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Kour P, Saha P, Sharma DK, Singh K. DNA topoisomerases as a drug target in Leishmaniasis: Structural and mechanistic insights. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128401. [PMID: 38007027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, caused by a protozoan parasite, is among humanity's costliest banes, owing to the high mortality and morbidity ratio in poverty-stricken areas. To date, no vaccine is available for the complete cure of the disease. Current chemotherapy is expensive, has undesirable side effects, and faces drug resistance limitations and toxicity concerns. The substantial differences in homology between leishmanial DNA topoisomerase IB compared with the human counterparts provided a new lead in the study of the structural determinants that can be targeted. Several research groups explored this molecular target, trying to fill the therapeutic gap, and came forward with various anti-leishmanial scaffolds. This article is a comprehensive review of knowledge about topoisomerases as an anti-leishmanial drug target and their inhibitors collected over the years. In addition to information on molecular targets and reported scaffolds, the review details the structure-activity relationship of described compounds with leishmanial Topoisomerase IB. Moreover, the work also includes information about the structure of the inhibitors, showing common interacting residues with leishmanial topoisomerases that drive their mode of action towards them. Finally, in search of topoisomerase inhibitors at the stage of clinical trials, we have listed all the drugs that have been in clinical trials against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parampreet Kour
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Pallavi Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Deepak K Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Kuljit Singh
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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3
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Zhao Y, Kuang W, An Q, Li J, Wang Y, Deng Z. Cryo-EM structures of African swine fever virus topoisomerase. mBio 2023; 14:e0122823. [PMID: 37610250 PMCID: PMC10653817 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01228-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly contagious virus that causes lethal hemorrhagic diseases known as African swine fever (ASF) with a case fatality rate of 100%. There is an urgent need to develop anti-ASFV drugs. We determine the first high-resolution structures of viral topoisomerase ASFV P1192R in both the closed and open C-gate forms. P1192R shows a similar overall architecture with eukaryotic and prokaryotic type II topoisomerases, which have been successful targets of many antimicrobials and anticancer drugs, with the most similarity to yeast topo II. P1192R also exhibits differences in the details of active site configuration, which are important to enzyme activity. These two structures offer useful structural information for antiviral drug design and provide structural evidence to support that eukaryotic type IIA topoisomerase likely originated from horizontal gene transfer from the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhua Kuang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiyin An
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyue Li
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqin Deng
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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4
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Lininger A, Palermo G, Guglielmelli A, Nicoletta G, Goel M, Hinczewski M, Strangi G. Chirality in Light-Matter Interaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2107325. [PMID: 35532188 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The scientific effort to control the interaction between light and matter has grown exponentially in the last 2 decades. This growth has been aided by the development of scientific and technological tools enabling the manipulation of light at deeply sub-wavelength scales, unlocking a large variety of novel phenomena spanning traditionally distant research areas. Here, the role of chirality in light-matter interactions is reviewed by providing a broad overview of its properties, materials, and applications. A perspective on future developments is highlighted, including the growing role of machine learning in designing advanced chiroptical materials to enhance and control light-matter interactions across several scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lininger
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Giovanna Palermo
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Alexa Guglielmelli
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicoletta
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Madhav Goel
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Michael Hinczewski
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Giuseppe Strangi
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
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5
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Deng Z, Shen D, Yu M, Zhou F, Shan D, Fang Y, Jin W, Qian K, Li S, Wang G, Zhang Y, Ju L, Xiao Y, Wang X. Pectolinarigenin inhibits bladder urothelial carcinoma cell proliferation by regulating DNA damage/autophagy pathways. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:214. [PMID: 37393350 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectolinarigenin (PEC), an active compound isolated from traditional herbal medicine, has shown potential anti-tumor properties against various types of cancer cells. However, its mechanism of action in bladder cancer (BLCA), which is one of the fatal human carcinomas, remains unexplored. In this study, we first revealed that PEC, as a potential DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) poison, can target TOP2A and cause significant DNA damage. PEC induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest via p53 pathway. Simultaneously, PEC can perform its unique function by inhibiting the late autophagic flux. The blocking of autophagy caused proliferation inhibition of BLCA and further enhanced the DNA damage effect of PEC. In addition, we proved that PEC could intensify the cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine (GEM) on BLCA cells in vivo and in vitro. Summarily, we first systematically revealed that PEC had great potential as a novel TOP2A poison and an inhibitor of late autophagic flux in treating BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Deng
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dexin Shen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengxue Yu
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Fenfang Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Danni Shan
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yayun Fang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Jin
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Euler Technology, ZGC Life Sciences Park, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyu Qian
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenjuan Li
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Euler Technology, ZGC Life Sciences Park, Beijing, China
- Center for Quantitative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingao Ju
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yu Xiao
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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6
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Gu L, Hickey RJ, Malkas LH. Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Replication Stress in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1346. [PMID: 37510250 PMCID: PMC10378776 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the currently used therapeutic strategies to target DNA replication stress for cancer treatment in the clinic, highlighting their effectiveness and limitations due to toxicity and drug resistance. Cancer cells experience enhanced spontaneous DNA damage due to compromised DNA replication machinery, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, loss of tumor suppressor genes, and/or constitutive activation of oncogenes. Consequently, these cells are addicted to DNA damage response signaling pathways and repair machinery to maintain genome stability and support survival and proliferation. Chemotherapeutic drugs exploit this genetic instability by inducing additional DNA damage to overwhelm the repair system in cancer cells. However, the clinical use of DNA-damaging agents is limited by their toxicity and drug resistance often arises. To address these issues, the article discusses a potential strategy to target the cancer-associated isoform of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (caPCNA), which plays a central role in the DNA replication and damage response network. Small molecule and peptide agents that specifically target caPCNA can selectively target cancer cells without significant toxicity to normal cells or experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Gu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Robert J Hickey
- Department of Cancer Biology & Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Linda H Malkas
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Swedan HK, Kassab AE, Gedawy EM, Elmeligie SE. Topoisomerase II inhibitors design: Early studies and new perspectives. Bioorg Chem 2023; 136:106548. [PMID: 37094479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The DNA topoisomerase enzymes are widely distributed throughout all spheres of life and are necessary for cell function. Numerous antibacterial and cancer chemotherapeutic drugs target the various topoisomerase enzymes because of their roles in maintaining DNA topology during DNA replication and transcription. Agents derived from natural products, like anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins and quinolones, have been widely used to treat a variety of cancers. A very active field of fundamental and clinical research is the selective targeting of topoisomerase II enzymes for cancer treatment. This thematic review summarizes the recent advances in the anticancer activity of the most potent topoisomerase II inhibitors (anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins and fluoroquinolones) their modes of action, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) organized chronologically in the last ten years from 2013 to 2023. The review also highlights the mechanism of action and SARs of promising new topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer K Swedan
- Central Administration of Research and Health Development, Ministry of Health, and Population (MoHP), Cairo P.O. Box 11516, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt.
| | - Ehab M Gedawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo P.O. Box 11829, Egypt
| | - Salwa E Elmeligie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
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8
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Swedan HK, Kassab AE, Gedawy EM, Elmeligie SE. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel ciprofloxacin derivatives as potential anticancer agents targeting topoisomerase II enzyme. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:118-137. [PMID: 36305290 PMCID: PMC9635472 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2136172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel ciprofloxacin (CP) derivatives substituted at the N-4 position with biologically active moieties were designed and synthesised. 14 compounds were 1.02- to 8.66-fold more potent than doxorubicin against T-24 cancer cells. Ten compounds were 1.2- to 7.1-fold more potent than doxorubicin against PC-3 cancer cells. The most potent compounds 6, 7a, 7b, 8a, 9a, and 10c showed significant Topo II inhibitory activity (83-90% at 100 μM concentration). Compounds 6, 8a, and 10c were 1.01- to 2.32-fold more potent than doxorubicin. Compounds 6 and 8a induced apoptosis in T-24 (16.8- and 20.1-fold, respectively compared to control). This evidence was supported by an increase in the level of apoptotic caspase-3 (5.23- and 7.6-fold, sequentially). Both compounds arrested the cell cycle in the S phase in T-24 cancer cells while in PC-3 cancer cells the two compounds arrested the cell cycle in the G1 phase. Molecular docking simulations of compounds 6 and 8a into the Topo II active site rationalised their remarkable Topo II inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer K. Swedan
- Central Administration of Research and Health Development, Ministry of Health, and Population (MoHP), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E. Kassab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab M. Gedawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Egypt
| | - Salwa E. Elmeligie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Sadula A, Gaddhe L. Synthesis, computational studies and biological evaluation of novel Acenaphthoquinone-imidazole derivatives as dual inhibitors of HSP90 and Topo II in cancer therapy. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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10
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Balaji S, Neupane R, Malla S, Khupse R, Amawi H, Kumari S, Tukaramrao DB, Chattopadhyay S, Ashby CR, Boddu SHS, Karthikeyan C, Trivedi P, Raman D, Tiwari AK. IND-2, a Quinoline Derivative, Inhibits the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells by Inducing Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inhibiting Topoisomerase II. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111879. [PMID: 36431014 PMCID: PMC9693996 DOI: 10.3390/life12111879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In men, prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer, causing an estimated 375,000 deaths globally. Currently, existing therapies for the treatment of PC, notably metastatic cases, have limited efficacy due to drug resistance and problematic adverse effects. Therefore, it is imperative to discover and develop novel drugs for treating PC that are efficacious and do not produce intolerable adverse or toxic effects. Condensed quinolines are naturally occurring anticancer compounds. In this study, we determined the in vitro efficacy of IND-2 (4-chloro-2-methylpyrimido[1″,2″:1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolone) in the PC lines, PC-3 and DU-145. IND-2 significantly inhibited the proliferation of PC-3 and DU-145, with IC50 values of 3 µM and 3.5 µM, respectively. The incubation of PC-3 cells with 5 and 10 µM of IND-2 caused the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential in PC-3 cells. Furthermore, IND-2, at 5 µM, increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The incubation of PC-3 cells with 5 µM of IND-2 significantly decreased the expression of the apoptotic protein, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Furthermore, 5 and 10 µM of IND-2 produced morphological changes in PC-3 cells characteristic of apoptosis. Interestingly, IND-2 (2.5, 5 and 10 µM) also induced mitotic catastrophe in PC-3 cells, characterized by the accumulation of multinuclei. The incubation of DU-145 cells with 1.25 and 5 μM of IND-2 significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, IND-2, at 10 μM, inhibited the catalytic activity of topoisomerase IIα. Overall, our findings suggest that IND-2 could be a potential lead compound for the development of more efficacious compounds for the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnaa Balaji
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rabin Neupane
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Saloni Malla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rahul Khupse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Findlay, Findlay, OH 43551, USA
| | - Haneen Amawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Diwakar Bastihalli Tukaramrao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Srestha Chattopadhyay
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Charles R. Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11432, USA
| | - Sai H. S. Boddu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandrabose Karthikeyan
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak 484887, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Piyush Trivedi
- Center for Innovation and Translational Research, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-419-383-1913
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11
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Nawareg NA, Mostafa AS, El-Messery SM, Nasr MNA. New benzimidazole based hybrids: Synthesis, molecular modeling study and anticancer evaluation as TopoII inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106038. [PMID: 35870412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Three series of new benzimidazole hybrids were designed and synthesized as promising human TopoII inhibitors. They were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques (1H, 13C NMR, ESI-MS and IR). All hybrids (6-23) were screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against five human cancer cell lines namely; HepG-2, MCF-7, PC-3, HCT-116 and Hela. Compound 21 showed the most potent anticancer activity against all cancer cell lines, with IC50 range of 2.82 to 12.59 µM, while proving safe towards normal cells WI-38 (IC50 = 31.89 µM) compared to the reference drug doxorubicin (IC50 = 6.72 µM). The most active candidates 13, 20, 21, 22 and 23 were further assessed for their human TopoII inhibition. The best of which, compounds 13 and 20 showed IC50 of 6.72 and 8.18 µM respectively compared to staurosporine (IC50 = 4.64 µM). Further mechanistic studies for compound 13 showed cell cycle arrest at S-phase by 51.29 % and a significant increase in the total apoptosis by 62.5 folds. Furthermore, apoptosis study proved that it induced apoptosis by decreasing both IAP and Bcl-2, activating caspases 3, 8 and 9, and increasing accumulation of ROS in HepG-2 cells. Besides, it decreased transcription factors' binding activity to DNA. Comparative molecular docking study was performed between the most potent TopoII inhibitors 13 and 20, and the least potent one 23 to relate the binding pattern with TopoII catalytic active site to the biological activity, where all results came in agreement with the biological results. Additional molecular modeling studies including surface mapping and contact preferences were performed to emphasize the importance of hydrophobicity. Physicochemical calculations were assessed where compounds 13 and 20 represented very promising orally active drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nareman A Nawareg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Amany S Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Shahenda M El-Messery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Magda N A Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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12
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Identification of Novel Drugs Targeting Cell Cycle Regulators for the Treatment of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer via Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14071403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), the most common and aggressive histological type of ovarian cancer, remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among females. It is important to develop novel drugs to improve the therapeutic outcomes of HGSC patients, thereby reducing their mortality. Symmetry is one of the most important properties of the biological network, which determines the stability of a biological system. As aberrant gene expression is a critical symmetry-breaking event that perturbs the stability of biological networks and triggers tumor progression, we aim in this study to discover new candidate drugs and predict their targets for HGSC therapy based on differentially expressed genes involved in HGSC pathogenesis. Firstly, 98 up-regulated genes and 108 down-regulated genes were identified from three independent transcriptome datasets. Then, the small-molecule compounds PHA-793887, pidorubicine and lestaurtinib, which target cell-cycle-related processes, were identified as novel candidate drugs for HGSC treatment by adopting the connectivity map (CMap)-based drug repositioning approach. Furthermore, through a topological analysis of the protein–protein interaction network, cell cycle regulators CDK1, TOP2A and AURKA were identified as bottleneck nodes, and their expression patterns were validated at the mRNA and protein expression levels. Moreover, the results of molecular docking analysis showed that PHA-793887, pidorubicine and lestaurtinib had a strong binding affinity for CDK1, TOP2A and AURKA, respectively. Therefore, our study repositioned PHA-793887, pidorubicine and lestaurtinib, which can inhibit cell cycle regulators, as novel agents for HGSC treatment, thereby helping to optimize the therapeutic strategy for HGSC.
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Gaikwad M, Konkimalla VB, Salunke-Gawali S. Metal complexes as topoisomerase inhibitors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Ba S, Gao G, Li T, Zhang H. Tricking enzymes in living cells: a mechanism-based strategy for design of DNA topoisomerase biosensors. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:407. [PMID: 34876137 PMCID: PMC8650243 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Most activity-based molecular probes are designed to target enzymes that catalyze the breaking of chemical bonds and the conversion of a unimolecular substrate into bimolecular products. However, DNA topoisomerases are a class of enzymes that alter DNA topology without producing any molecular segments during catalysis, which hinders the development of practical methods for diagnosing these key biomarkers in living cells. Here, we established a new strategy for the effective sensing of the expression levels and catalytic activities of topoisomerases in cell-free systems and human cells. Using our newly designed biosensors, we tricked DNA topoisomerases within their catalytic cycles to switch on fluorescence and resume new rounds of catalysis. Considering that human topoisomerases have been widely recognized as biomarkers for multiple cancers and identified as promising targets for several anticancer drugs, we believe that these DNA-based biosensors and our design strategy would greatly benefit the future development of clinical tools for cancer diagnosis and treatment. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ba
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Guangpeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Tianhu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China. .,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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15
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Kozurkova M. Acridine derivatives as inhibitors/poisons of topoisomerase II. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:544-552. [PMID: 34514603 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The potential of acridines (amsacrine) as a topoisomerase II inhibitor or poison was first discovered in 1984, and since then, a considerable number of acridine derivatives have been tested as topoisomerase inhibitors/poisons, containing different substituents on the acridine chromophore. This review will discuss a series of studies published over the course of the last decade, which have investigated various novel acridine derivatives against topoisomerase II activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kozurkova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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16
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Evans A, Kavanagh KA. Evaluation of metal-based antimicrobial compounds for the treatment of bacterial pathogens. J Med Microbiol 2021; 70:001363. [PMID: 33961541 PMCID: PMC8289199 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest global health challenges of modern times and its prevalence is rising worldwide. AMR within bacteria reduces the efficacy of antibiotics and increases both the morbidity and the mortality associated with bacterial infections. Despite this growing risk, few antibiotics with a novel mode of action are being produced, leading to a lack of antibiotics that can effectively treat bacterial infections with AMR. Metals have a history of antibacterial use but upon the discovery of antibiotics, often became overlooked as antibacterial agents. Meanwhile, metal-based complexes have been used as treatments for other diseases, such as the gold-containing drug auranofin, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Metal-based antibacterial compounds have novel modes of action that provide an advantage for the treatment of bacterial infections with resistance to conventional antibiotics. In this review, the antibacterial activity, mode of action, and potential for systemic use of a number of metal-based antibacterial complexes are discussed. The current limitations of these compounds are highlighted to determine if metal-based agents are a potential solution for the treatment of bacterial infections, especially those resistant to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Evans
- SSPC Pharma Research Centre, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Kevin A. Kavanagh
- SSPC Pharma Research Centre, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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17
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Tagle-Olmedo T, Andrade-Pavón D, Martínez-Gamboa A, Gómez-García O, García-Sierra F, Hernández-Rodríguez C, Villa-Tanaca L. Inhibitors of DNA topoisomerases I and II applied to Candida dubliniensis reduce growth, viability, the generation of petite mutants and toxicity, while acting synergistically with fluconazole. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6219866. [PMID: 33837766 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing resistance of Candida species to azoles emphasizes the urgent need for new antifungal agents with novel mechanisms of action. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of three DNA topoisomerase inhibitors of plant origin (camptothecin, etoposide and curcumin) on the growth of Candida dubliniensis. The phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship between the topoisomerase enzymes of C. dubliniensis and Candida albicans. The alignment of the amino acid sequences of topoisomerase I and II of yeasts and humans evidenced conserved domains. The docking study revealed affinity of the test compounds for the active site of topoisomerase I and II in C. dubliniensis. Curcumin and camptothecin demonstrated a stronger in vitro antifungal effect than the reference drugs (fluconazole and itraconazole). Significant synergistic activity between the topoisomerase inhibitors and fluconazole at the highest concentration (750 µM) was observed. Fluconazole induced the petite phenotype to a greater degree than the topoisomerase inhibitors, indicating a tendency to generate resistance. Lower toxicity was found for such inhibitors versus reference drugs on Galleria mellonella larva. The topoisomerase inhibitors exhibited promising antifungal activity, and the DNA topoisomerase enzymes of C. dubliniensis proved to be an excellent model for evaluating new antifungal compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Tagle-Olmedo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Bacterias y Levaduras, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala. Col. Sto. Tomás, 11340 México City, México
| | - Dulce Andrade-Pavón
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Bacterias y Levaduras, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala. Col. Sto. Tomás, 11340 México City, México
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu S/N Unidad Profesional "Adolfo López Mateos", Zacatenco. Col. Lindavista, Venustiano Carranza, Del, CP 07700, D.F., México
| | - Areli Martínez-Gamboa
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 15 Vasco de Quiroga Ave, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City, Mexico
| | - Omar Gómez-García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala. Col. Sto. Tomás, 11340 México City, México
| | - Francisco García-Sierra
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de investigación y estudios avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), México City, México
| | - César Hernández-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Bacterias y Levaduras, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala. Col. Sto. Tomás, 11340 México City, México
| | - Lourdes Villa-Tanaca
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Bacterias y Levaduras, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala. Col. Sto. Tomás, 11340 México City, México
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18
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Experimental and theoretical study on spectral features, reactivity, solvation, topoisomerase I inhibition and in vitro cytotoxicity in human HepG2 cells of guadiscine and guadiscidine aporphine alkaloids. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Thapa Magar TB, Hee Seo S, Shrestha A, Kim JA, Kunwar S, Bist G, Kwon Y, Lee ES. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of hydroxylated and halogenated 2,4-diaryl benzofuro[3,2-b]pyridin-7-ols as selective topoisomerase IIα inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104884. [PMID: 33872925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to discover potential topoisomerase (topo) targeting anticancer agents. Novel series of hydroxylated and halogenated(-F, -Cl, and -CF3) 2,4-diaryl benzofuro[3,2-b]pyridin-7-ols were systematically designed and synthesized by faster, economic, and environmentally friendly l-proline catalyzed and microwave-assisted one pot reaction method. The synthesized compounds were assessed for topo I and IIα inhibitory and anti-proliferative activities. The in vitroevaluation displayed that most of the compounds have selective topo IIα inhibitoryactivity as well as selectivity towards T47D human cancer cell line. Structure-activity relationship study suggested that the introduction of additional hydroxyl functionality at 7-positon of benzofuro[3,2-b]pyridine skeleton is crucial for selective topo IIα inhibitory activity. Placement of phenolic moiety on the 4-position of the tricyclic system imparts better topo IIα inhibitory and anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seung Hee Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Global Top 5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Aarajana Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ahn Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Global Top 5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Surendra Kunwar
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganesh Bist
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Global Top 5 Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eung-Seok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Applicability of flow cytometry γH2AX assay in population studies: suitability of fresh and frozen whole blood samples. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1843-1851. [PMID: 33624155 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of H2AX histone (γH2AX) represents an early event in the DNA damage response against double-strand breaks (DSB); hence, its measurement provides a surrogate biomarker of DSB. Recently, we reported initial steps in the standardization of γH2AX assay in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), addressing the possibility of using cryopreserved samples, and the need of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation prior analysis (Toxicol Sci 2015, 144:406-13). Validating the use of whole blood samples as cell specimen for this assay would be particularly useful for human population studies. Hence, in the current study we determined for the first time the feasibility of whole blood samples, both fresh and frozen, to be used in the γH2AX assay, evaluated by flow cytometry, and the convenience of PHA stimulation. Freshly collected and cryopreserved whole blood samples were treated with bleomycin (BLM), actinomycin-D (Act-D) and mitomycin C (MMC); half of the samples were previously incubated with PHA. Results were compared with those from PBL. Negative responses in MMC treatments were probably due to the quiescence of unstimulated cells, or to the short treatment time in PHA stimulated cells. Fresh whole blood samples exhibited a more intense response to BLM and Act-D treatments in stimulated cells, probably due to DSB indirectly produced from other less relevant types of DNA damage. Results obtained in frozen whole blood samples indicate that PHA stimulation is not advisable. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that whole blood samples can be used to assess DSB-related genotoxicity by the flow cytometry γH2AX assay.
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21
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Visone V, Szabó I, Perugino G, Hudecz F, Bánóczi Z, Valenti A. Topoisomerases inhibition and DNA binding mode of daunomycin-oligoarginine conjugate. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1363-1371. [PMID: 32552137 PMCID: PMC7717705 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1780226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major health issue adsorbing the attention of a biomedical research. To fight this disease, new drugs are developed, specifically tailored to target biological pathways or peculiar components of the tumour cells. Particularly interesting is the use of intercalating agents as drugs capable to bind DNA and inhibit enzymes involved in DNA metabolism. Anthracyclines are the most commonly used anticancer drugs. In particular, daunomycin is used to cancer treatment by exploiting its ability to intercalate DNA and inhibit the activity of DNA topoisomerases implicated in the replication processes. Unfortunately, clinical application of anthracyclines is limited by their side effects. The conjugation with specific carriers could affect the selectivity and reduce side effect by improving stability and/or cellular uptake properties. We here report the biochemical characterisation of a daunomycin oligopeptide conjugate containing six residues of arginine, by the analysis of its fluorescence properties, DNA interaction and topoisomerases inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Visone
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Giuseppe Perugino
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Ferenc Hudecz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Bánóczi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Valenti
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
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22
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Gilad Y, Gellerman G, Lonard DM, O’Malley BW. Drug Combination in Cancer Treatment-From Cocktails to Conjugated Combinations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:669. [PMID: 33562300 PMCID: PMC7915944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized today that anticancer drugs often are most effective when used in combination. However, the establishment of chemotherapy as key modality in clinical oncology began with sporadic discoveries of chemicals that showed antiproliferative properties and which as a first attempt were used as single agents. In this review we describe the development of chemotherapy from its origins as a single drug treatment with cytotoxic agents to polydrug therapy that includes targeted drugs. We discuss the limitations of the first chemotherapeutic drugs as a motivation for the establishment of combined drug treatment as standard practice in spite of concerns about frequent severe, dose limiting toxicities. Next, we introduce the development of targeted treatment as a concept for advancement within the broader field of small-molecule drug combination therapy in cancer and its accelerating progress that was boosted by recent scientific and technological progresses. Finally, we describe an alternative strategy of drug combinations using drug-conjugates for selective delivery of cytotoxic drugs to tumor cells that potentiates future improvement of drug combinations in cancer treatment. Overall, in this review we outline the development of chemotherapy from a pharmacological perspective, from its early stages to modern concepts of using targeted therapies for combinational treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosi Gilad
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - David M. Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
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Rząd K, Paluszkiewicz E, Gabriel I. A new 1-nitro-9-aminoacridine derivative targeting yeast topoisomerase II able to overcome fluconazole-resistance. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 35:127815. [PMID: 33486051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Fungal resistance remains a significant threat and a leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, overcoming microbial infections have again become a serious clinical problem. Although acridine derivatives are widely analyzed as anticancer agents, only a few reports have demonstrated their antifungal activity. In an effort to develop biologically active antifungals, twelve novel C-857 (9-(2'-hydroxyethylamino)-1-nitroacridine) and C-1748 (9-(2'-hydroxyethylamino)-4-methyl-1-nitroacridine) derivatives were synthesized. The evaluation of biological properties suggests that starting compounds: C-1748, C-857 and IE3 (2-[(4-methyl-1-nitroacridin-9-yl)amino]ethyl lysinate), IE4 (2-[(1-nitroacridin-9-yl)amino]ethyl lysinate) antifungal mode of action differ from that determined for IE5 (N'-{3-[(4-methyl-1-nitroacridin-9-yl)amino]propyl}lysinamide), IE6 (N'-{3-[(1-nitroacridin-9-yl)amino]propyl}lysinamide) and IE10 (3,3'-Bis-(1-nitroacridin-9-ylamino)-aminoethylaminoethylaminoethylamine). Although MIC values determined for the latter were higher, in contrast to C-857 and C-1748, newly synthesized IE5, IE6 and IE10 reduced C. albicans hyphal growth in different inducing media. Those compounds also exhibited antibiofilm activity, whereas IE10 was the most effective. Moreover, only IE6 exhibited antifungal activity against fluconazole resistant C. albicans strains with MICs values in the range of 16-64 μg mL-1. Our results also indicate that, in contrast to other analyzed derivatives, novel synthetized compounds IE6 and IE10 with antifungal activity target yeast topoisomerase II activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Rząd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Paluszkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Iwona Gabriel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Kasabri V, Arabiyat S, Al-Hiari Y, Zalloum H, Almaliti J, Telfah A, Bustanji YK, Alalawi S. Fluoroquinolones as a potentially novel class of antidiabesity and antiproliferative compounds: synthesis and docking studies. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intense efforts by the pharmaceutical industry have been made to identify new targets for obesity diabetes (diabesity). Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PL) inhibition is an interesting putative target for obesity management. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been identified as potent inhibitors of PL. The aim of this research was to synthesize novel FQs and evaluate their in vitro antilipolytic and antiproliferative properties. Characterization of the synthesized FQs was carried out with NMR, MS, IR, and EA. Like orlistat, potential FQs’ modulation of PL was quantified colorimetrically (n = 3) and was further supported by docking studies. Compared with cisplatin, FQs’ antiproliferative propensities against a panel of obesity related colorectal cancer cell lines were investigated with Sulforhodamine B assay. Twelve novel FQs (2A–5A, 2B–5B, and 2C–5C) were synthesized and characterized. The PL-IC50 values of tested FQs were in the range of 6.8–165.7 μmol/L. FQ 4A was the most active antiproliferative compound against HCT116 with an IC50 value of 3.5 μmol/L. Their selectivity of growth inhibition for safety examination using normal periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL) in comparison with cisplatin’s lack of differential cytotoxicity was reported. Lipophilicity and hydrogen bonding were found essential for both activities. Conclusively, FQs are robustly proven for their emerging in vitro anti-obesity and antiproliferative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violet Kasabri
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Shereen Arabiyat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Salt College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Yusuf Al-Hiari
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hiba Zalloum
- Hamdi Mango Research Centre for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Jehad Almaliti
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Telfah
- Leibniz Institut für analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS e.V. Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str.1144139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yasser K. Bustanji
- Hamdi Mango Research Centre for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Sundus Alalawi
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan
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25
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Jaswal S, Nehra B, Kumar S, Monga V. Recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104266. [PMID: 33142421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Replication proteins are sought as a potential targets for antimicrobial agents. Despite their promising target characteristics, only topoisomerase II inhibitors targeting DNA gyrase and/or topoisomerase IV have reached clinical use. Topoisomerases are the enzymes that are essential for cellular functions and various biological activities. A wide range of natural and synthetic compounds have been identified as potential topoisomerase inhibitors but the resistance is most commonly found in these drugs. The emergence of FQ resistance has increased the need for the development of novel topoisomerase inhibitors with efficacy and high potency against FQ-resistant strains. Besides structural modifications of existing FQ scaffolds, novel non-quinolone topoisomerase II inhibitors, known as novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors, have been developed which showed remarkable inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV or both with an improved spectrum of antibacterial potency including drug-resistant strains. This review aims to summarize various recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of topoisomerase inhibitors with the following objectives: (1) To represent inclusive data on types of topoisomerases and various marketed topoisomerase inhibitors as drugs; (2) To discuss the recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of various topoisomerase inhibitors (DNA gyrase and topo IV) belonging to different structural classes as potential antibacterial agents; (3) To summarizes the structure activity relationship (SAR) including in silico and mechanistic studies to afford ideas and to provide focused direction for the development of new chemical entities which are effective against drug-resistant bacterial pathogens and biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Jaswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupender Nehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India.
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Radaeva M, Dong X, Cherkasov A. The Use of Methods of Computer-Aided Drug Discovery in the Development of Topoisomerase II Inhibitors: Applications and Future Directions. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:3703-3721. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Radaeva
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Xuesen Dong
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Artem Cherkasov
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3Z6, Canada
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Zhou W, Zhang W, Peng Y, Jiang ZH, Zhang L, Du Z. Design, Synthesis and Anti-Tumor Activity of Novel Benzimidazole-Chalcone Hybrids as Non-Intercalative Topoisomerase II Catalytic Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143180. [PMID: 32664629 PMCID: PMC7397320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical diversification of type II topoisomerase (Topo II) inhibitors remains indispensable to extend their anti-tumor therapeutic values which are limited by their side effects. Herein, we designed and synthesized a novel series of benzimidazole-chalcone hybrids (BCHs). These BCHs showed good inhibitory effect in the Topo II mediated DNA relaxation assay and anti-proliferative effect in 4 tumor cell lines. 4d and 4n were the most potent, with IC50 values less than 5 μM, superior to etoposide. Mechanistic studies indicated that the BCHs functioned as non-intercalative Topo II catalytic inhibitors. Moreover, 4d and 4n demonstrated versatile properties against tumors, including inhibition on the colony formation and cell migration, and promotion of apoptosis of A549 cells. The structure-activity relationship and molecular docking analysis suggested possible contribution of the chalcone motif to the Topo II inhibitory and anti-proliferative potency. These results indicated that 4d and 4n could be promising lead compounds for further anti-tumor drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yi Peng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhiyun Du
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (Z.D.)
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Guloglu S, Kirmaci FN, Çetinkol ÖP, Forough M, Gulkaya A. Azacyanines as Novel Topoisomerase II Alpha Inhibitors. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666190628161945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Topoisomerase II alpha (Topo IIα) has become one of the extensively exploited
targets in chemotherapy due to its role in regulating the topological constraints of DNA during
replication and transcription. Small molecules targeting Topo IIα’s activity such as etoposide
(VP-16) and doxorubicin are extensively used in the treatment of many different types of cancer.
Objective:
Here, the effects of three small molecules, named as azacyanines, on Topo IIα have been
assessed.
Methods:
In-vitro Topoisomerase IIα drug screening kit and agarose gel imaging were used for the
assessment of Topo IIα’s activity.
Results:
Our results revealed that all the azacyanines investigated decreased the catalytic activity of
Topo IIα dramatically. More importantly, the decrease in the catalytic activity of Topo IIα in the
presence of azacyanines was higher than the presence of VP-16, which is a commercially available
chemotherapy drug. Upon further investigation, it has been observed that Azamethyl’s catalytic inhibition
of Topo IIα was concentration dependent and the catalytic activity of Topo IIα was almost
completely abolished in the presence of 100.0 μM of Azamethyl.
Conclusion:
These findings reveal the potential of azacyanines as effective Topo IIα inhibitors and
chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Guloglu
- Biochemistry Program, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Fahriye Nur Kirmaci
- Biochemistry Program, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Özgül Persil Çetinkol
- Biochemistry Program, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Mehrdad Forough
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Aybuke Gulkaya
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Metwally NH, Abdallah SO, Mohsen MMA. Design, green one-pot synthesis and molecular docking study of novel N,N-bis(cyanoacetyl)hydrazines and bis-coumarins as effective inhibitors of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103672. [PMID: 32145481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel, quick, environmentally safe, and one-pot synthesis of a series of N,N-bis(cyanoacetyl)hydrazine derivatives, bis-imino-2H-chromenes and bis-2-oxo-2H-chromene derivatives have been designed. Some selected newly synthesized compounds were investigated in vitro for their antibacterial activity. Compound 5j is the most toxic compound against Staphylococcus aureus with activity index 171%, followed by compound 15b with activity index 136% compared to standard drug ampicillin. Moreover, compound 15a is the most toxic compound against Escherichia coli with activity index 111% compared to standard drug gentamicin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out for compounds with high antibacterial activity. Compound 5j has good MIC (7.8 μg/ml) against Staphylococcus aureus while 15a has good MIC (31.25 μg/ml) against Streptococcus mutans which is better than MIC of the standard drug ampicillin (MIC = 62.5 μg/ml). Compounds 5j, 5k, 15a, 15b and 15e which have good MIC values were introduced to enzyme assay against DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. The results showed that compound 15a can strongly inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (IC50 = 27.30 and 25.52 μM respectively), compared to methotrexate as the standard drug (IC50 = 29.01 and 23.55 μM respectively). Structure-activity relationships were also discussed based on the biological and docking simulation results.
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30
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Ahadi H, Emami S. Modification of 7-piperazinylquinolone antibacterials to promising anticancer lead compounds: Synthesis and in vitro studies. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111970. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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31
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Nunhart P, Konkoľová E, Janovec L, Jendželovský R, Vargová J, Ševc J, Matejová M, Miltáková B, Fedoročko P, Kozurkova M. Fluorinated 3,6,9-trisubstituted acridine derivatives as DNA interacting agents and topoisomerase inhibitors with A549 antiproliferative activity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Dehshahri A, Ashrafizadeh M, Ghasemipour Afshar E, Pardakhty A, Mandegary A, Mohammadinejad R, Sethi G. Topoisomerase inhibitors: Pharmacology and emerging nanoscale delivery systems. Pharmacol Res 2019; 151:104551. [PMID: 31743776 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Topoisomerase enzymes have shown unique roles in replication and transcription. These enzymes which were initially found in Escherichia coli have attracted considerable attention as target molecules for cancer therapy. Nowadays, there are several topoisomerase inhibitors in the market to treat or at least control the progression of cancer. However, significant toxicity, low solubility and poor pharmacokinetic properties have limited their wide application and these characteristics need to be improved. Nano-delivery systems have provided an opportunity to modify the intrinsic properties of molecules and also to transfer the toxic agent to the target tissues. These delivery systems leads to the re-introduction of existing molecules present in the market as novel therapeutic agents with different physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. This review focusses on a variety of nano-delivery vehicles used for the improvement of pharmacological properties of topoisomerase inhibitors and thus enabling their potential application as novel drugs in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Dehshahri
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Ghasemipour Afshar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mandegary
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, and Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
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El-Gohary N, Hawas S, Gabr M, Shaaban M, El-Ashmawy M. New series of fused pyrazolopyridines: Synthesis, molecular modeling, antimicrobial, antiquorum-sensing and antitumor activities. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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34
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Hawas SS, El-Gohary NS, Gabr MT, Shaaban MI, El-Ashmawy MB. Synthesis, molecular docking, antimicrobial, antiquorum-sensing and antiproliferative activities of new series of pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine analogs. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1618873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samia S. Hawas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Nadia S. El-Gohary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Moustafa T. Gabr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mona I. Shaaban
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud B. El-Ashmawy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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35
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Arabiyat S, Kasabri V, Al-Hiari Y, Al-Masri I, Alalawi S, Bustanji Y. Dual Glycation-Inflammation Modulation, DPP-IV and Pancraetic Lipase Inhibitory Potentials and Antiproliferative Activity of Novel Fluoroquinolones. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2503-2514. [PMID: 31450926 PMCID: PMC6852796 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.8.2503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paramount efforts by pharmaceutical industry to identify new targets for obesity-diabetes (Diabesity) pharmacological
intervention have led to a number of agents developed and directed at DPP IV [dipeptidyl peptidase IV] enzyme
inhibition thereby enhancing endogenous insulinotropic incretins. Besides antioxidative-antiinflammtory molecules
that inhibit accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be good candidates for ameliorating diabetic
complications. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been identified recently as potent inhibitors of pancreatic lipase (PL). The
suggested association between obesity and colorectal cancer initiated the evaluation of antiproliferative activity of the
new FQs and TFQs against a panel of obesity related colorectal cells (HT29, HCT116, SW620 CACO2 and SW480).
The aim of the current study is to examine the potential of newly synthesized FQs and triazolofluoroquinolones (TFQs)
derivatives as dual inhibitors for glycation and inflammation, DPP IV inhibitors, PL inhibitors for dual management of
obesity and diabetes, as well as antiprolifertaive efficacy against colorectal cancer cell lines. Sulforodamine B (SRB)
colorimetric assay revealed that some derivatives exhibited unselective cytotoxity against HT29, HCT116, SW620
CACO2 and SW480. The superior antiglycation activity of the reduced derivatives 4a and 4b over that of aminoguanidine
with respective IC50 (μM) values of 3.05±0.33 and 8.51±3.21; none of the tested synthetic compounds could perform
equally effectively to Diprotin A, a dose dependent inhibitor of DPP IV. Compounds 4a, 5a, 3b, 4b and 5b demonstrated
anti-inflammatory IC50 values exceeding that of indomethacin. Compounds 3a and 4a showed IC50 lower than 10 μM
as PL inhibitors. In conclusion, FQ and TFQ derivatives may unveil new antiobesity and anticancer agents in the future.
Our research qualifies FQs and TFQs as promising candidates for the development of related α-dicarbonyl scavengers
as therapeutic agents to protect cells against carbonyl stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Violet Kasabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan
| | - Yusuf Al-Hiari
- School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan
| | - Ihab Al-Masri
- Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry, AlAzhar University Gaza, Palestine Territory, Palestine
| | - Sundus Alalawi
- School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan.,Hamdi Mango Research Centre for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan
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36
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Zidar N, Macut H, Tomašič T, Peterlin Mašič L, Ilaš J, Zega A, Tammela P, Kikelj D. New N-phenyl-4,5-dibromopyrrolamides as DNA gyrase B inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1007-1017. [PMID: 31303999 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00224c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of antimicrobial resistance, the discovery of new antibacterials is essential in the fight against potentially lethal infections. The DNA gyrase B (GyrB) subunit of bacterial DNA gyrase is an excellent target for the design of antibacterials, as it has been clinically validated by novobiocin. However, there are currently no drugs in clinical use that target GyrB. We prepared a new series of N-phenyl-4,5-dibromopyrrolamides and evaluated them against DNA gyrase and against the structurally and functionally similar enzyme, topoisomerase IV. The most active compound, 28, had an IC50 of 20 nM against Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. The IC50 values of 28 against Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase, and E. coli and S. aureus topoisomerase IV were in the low micromolar range. However, the compounds evaluated did not show significant antibacterial activities against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Our results indicate that for potent inhibition of DNA gyrase, a combination of polar groups on the carboxylic end of the molecule and substituents that reach into the 'lipophilic floor' of the enzyme is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nace Zidar
- University of Ljubljana , Faculty of Pharmacy , Aškerčeva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia . ; ; Tel: +386 1 4769578
| | - Helena Macut
- University of Ljubljana , Faculty of Pharmacy , Aškerčeva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia . ; ; Tel: +386 1 4769578
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- University of Ljubljana , Faculty of Pharmacy , Aškerčeva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia . ; ; Tel: +386 1 4769578
| | - Lucija Peterlin Mašič
- University of Ljubljana , Faculty of Pharmacy , Aškerčeva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia . ; ; Tel: +386 1 4769578
| | - Janez Ilaš
- University of Ljubljana , Faculty of Pharmacy , Aškerčeva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia . ; ; Tel: +386 1 4769578
| | - Anamarija Zega
- University of Ljubljana , Faculty of Pharmacy , Aškerčeva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia . ; ; Tel: +386 1 4769578
| | - Päivi Tammela
- Drug Research Program , Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences , Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E) , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- University of Ljubljana , Faculty of Pharmacy , Aškerčeva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia . ; ; Tel: +386 1 4769578
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37
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Kaur H, Singh J, Narasimhan B. Indole hybridized diazenyl derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity evaluation and docking studies. BMC Chem 2019; 13:65. [PMID: 31384812 PMCID: PMC6661771 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In search of effective antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents, a series of indole hybridized diazenyl derivatives (DS-1 to DS-21) was efficiently prepared by condensation of diazotized p-aminoacetophenone with indole or nitroindole followed by reaction with different aromatic/heteroaromatic amines of biological significance. The synthesized derivatives were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Methodology The antimicrobial evaluation of DS-1 to DS-23 was done by tube dilution method against various pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. The active antimicrobial derivatives were further evaluated for cytotoxicity against human lung carcinoma cell line (HCT-116), breast cancer cell line (MDAMB231), leukemic cancer cell line (K562), and normal cell line (HEK293) by MTT assay using doxorubicin as the standard drug. The test derivatives were additionally docked for the B-subunit of enzyme DNA gyrase from E. coli at the ATPase binding site to study the molecular interactions using Schrodinger maestro v11.5 software. Results and discussion Most of the synthesized derivatives have shown high activity against Gram-negative bacteria particularly E. coli and K. pneumonia with MIC ranging from 1.95 to 7.81 μg/ml. The derivatives have demonstrated very less activity against tested Gram positive bacterial and fungal strains. The derivatives DS-14 and DS-20 have been found to active against breast cancer cell line and human colon carcinoma cell line having IC50 in the range of 19–65 µg/ml. All the derivatives were found to less potent against leukemic cancer cell line. The synthesized derivatives have revealed their safety by exhibiting very less cytotoxicity against the normal cell line (HEK-293) with IC50 > 100 µg/ml. Most of the active derivatives have shown good docking scores in comparison to the standard drugs against DNA gyrase from E. coli. Further ADME predictions by Qikprop module of the Schrodinger confirmed these molecules have drug like properties. Conclusion The derivatives DS-14 and DS-20 have shown potential against Gram-negative bacteria and breast cancer cell line and can be used as a lead for rational drug designing of the antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmeet Kaur
- 1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 India
| | - Jasbir Singh
- 2College of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, 124001 India
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38
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Mahanti S, Sunkara S, Bhavani R. Synthesis, biological evaluation and computational studies of fused acridine containing 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as anticancer agents. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1608450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Mahanti
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India
| | - Satyaveni Sunkara
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India
| | - Ram Bhavani
- Green Evolution Laboratories, Nalgonda, AP, India
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39
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Kundu B, Das SK, Paul Chowdhuri S, Pal S, Sarkar D, Ghosh A, Mukherjee A, Bhattacharya D, Das BB, Talukdar A. Discovery and Mechanistic Study of Tailor-Made Quinoline Derivatives as Topoisomerase 1 Poison with Potent Anticancer Activity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3428-3446. [PMID: 30897325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To overcome chemical limitations of camptothecin (CPT), we report design, synthesis, and validation of a quinoline-based novel class of topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibitors and establish that compound 28 ( N-(3-(1 H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)quinolin-4-amine) exhibits the highest potency in inhibiting human Top1 activity with an IC50 value of 29 ± 0.04 nM. Compound 28 traps Top1-DNA cleavage complexes (Top1ccs) both in the in vitro cleavage assays and in live cells. Point mutation of Top1-N722S fails to trap compound 28-induced Top1cc because of its inability to form a hydrogen bond with compound 28. Unlike CPT, compound 28 shows excellent plasma serum stability and is not a substrate of P-glycoprotein 1 (permeability glycoprotein) advancing its potential anticancer activity. Finally, we provide evidence that compound 28 overcomes the chemical instability of CPT in human breast adenocarcinoma cells through generation of persistent and less reversible Top1cc-induced DNA double-strand breaks as detected by γH2AX foci immunostaining after 5 h of drug removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Kundu
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Subhendu K Das
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Srijita Paul Chowdhuri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Dipayan Sarkar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Debomita Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Benu Brata Das
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
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40
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Tiz DB, Skok Ž, Durcik M, Tomašič T, Mašič LP, Ilaš J, Zega A, Draskovits G, Révész T, Nyerges Á, Pál C, Cruz CD, Tammela P, Žigon D, Kikelj D, Zidar N. An optimised series of substituted N-phenylpyrrolamides as DNA gyrase B inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 167:269-290. [PMID: 30776691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
ATP competitive inhibitors of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV have great therapeutic potential, but none of the described synthetic compounds has so far reached the market. To optimise the activities and physicochemical properties of our previously reported N-phenylpyrrolamide inhibitors, we have synthesized an improved, chemically variegated selection of compounds and evaluated them against DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes, and against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The most potent compound displayed IC50 values of 6.9 nM against Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and 960 nM against Staphylococcus aureus topoisomerase IV. Several compounds displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Gram-positive strains in the 1-50 μM range, one of which inhibited the growth of Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, S. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes with MIC values of 1.56 μM, 1.56 μM, 0.78 μM and 0.72 μM, respectively. This compound has been investigated further on methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and on ciprofloxacin non-susceptible and extremely drug resistant strain of S. aureus (MRSA VISA). It exhibited the MIC value of 2.5 μM on both strains, and MIC value of 32 μM against MRSA in the presence of inactivated human blood serum. Further studies are needed to confirm its mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Benedetto Tiz
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Žiga Skok
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Durcik
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lucija Peterlin Mašič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Ilaš
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anamarija Zega
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gábor Draskovits
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Tamás Révész
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Ákos Nyerges
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Csaba Pál
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Cristina D Cruz
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Päivi Tammela
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Dušan Žigon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Science, Jamova cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nace Zidar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Khan T, Sankhe K, Suvarna V, Sherje A, Patel K, Dravyakar B. DNA gyrase inhibitors: Progress and synthesis of potent compounds as antibacterial agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:923-938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Konkoľová E, Janočková J, Perjési P, Vašková J, Kožurková M. Selected ferrocenyl chalcones as DNA/BSA-interacting agents and inhibitors of DNA topoisomerase I and II activity. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yang Z, Jiang T, Zhong H, Kang Y. Bulge oligonucleotide as an inhibitory agent of bacterial topoisomerase I. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:319-323. [PMID: 29281935 PMCID: PMC6009931 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1419218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial topoisomerase I (Btopo I) was defined as potential target for discovery of new antibacterial compounds. Various oligonucleotides containing bulge structure were designed and synthesised as inhibitors to Btopo I in this investigation. The results of this study demonstrated that the designed oligonucleotides display high inhibitory efficiency on the activity of Btopo I and the inhibitory effect could be modulated by the amount of bulge DNA bases. The most efficient one among them showed an IC50 value of 63.1 nM in its inhibition on the activity of Btopo I. In addition, our studies confirmed that the designed oligonucleotide would induce irreversible damages to Btopo I and without any effects occur to eukaryotic topoisomerase I. It is our hope that the results provided in these studies could provide a novel way to inhibit Btopo I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Yang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Jiangnan University , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Tuoyu Jiang
- b Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Hanshi Zhong
- b Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Kang
- b Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
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Ubiquitous Nature of Fluoroquinolones: The Oscillation between Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2017; 6:antibiotics6040026. [PMID: 29112154 PMCID: PMC5745469 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics6040026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones are synthetic antibacterial agents that stabilize the ternary complex of prokaryotic topoisomerase II enzymes (gyrase and Topo IV), leading to extensive DNA fragmentation and bacteria death. Despite the similar structural folds within the critical regions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic topoisomerases, clinically relevant fluoroquinolones display a remarkable selectivity for prokaryotic topoisomerase II, with excellent safety records in humans. Typical agents that target human topoisomerases (such as etoposide, doxorubicin and mitoxantrone) are associated with significant toxicities and secondary malignancies, whereas clinically relevant fluoroquinolones are not known to exhibit such propensities. Although many fluoroquinolones have been shown to display topoisomerase-independent antiproliferative effects against various human cancer cells, those that are significantly active against eukaryotic topoisomerase show the same DNA damaging properties as other topoisomerase poisons. Empirical models also show that fluoroquinolones mediate some unique immunomodulatory activities of suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and super-inducing interleukin-2. This article reviews the extended roles of fluoroquinolones and their prospects as lead for the unmet needs of "small and safe" multimodal-targeting drug scaffolds.
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Lomefloxacin Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in COLO829 Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102194. [PMID: 29053584 PMCID: PMC5666875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although some fluoroquinolones have been found to exert anti-tumor activity, studies on the effect of these drugs on melanoma cells are relatively rare. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of lomefloxacin on cell viability, reactive oxygen species production, redox balance, cell cycle distribution, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis in COLO829 melanoma cells. Lomefloxacin decreases the cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. For COLO829 cells treated with the drug for 24, 48, and 72 h, the values of IC50 were found to be 0.51, 0.33, and 0.25 mmol/L, respectively. The analyzed drug also altered the redox signaling pathways, as shown by intracellular reactive oxygen species overproduction and endogeneous glutathione depletion. After lomefloxacin treatment, the cells were arrested in S- and G2/M-phase, suggesting a mechanism related to topoisomerase II inhibition. DNA fragmentation was observed when the cells were exposed to increasing lomefloxacin concentrations and a prolongation of incubation time. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the drug induced mitochondrial membrane breakdown as an early hallmark of apoptosis. The obtained results provide a strong molecular basis for the pharmacologic effect underlying the potential use of lomefloxacin as a valuable agent for the treatment of melanoma in vivo.
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de Oliveira JF, Lima TS, Vendramini-Costa DB, de Lacerda Pedrosa SCB, Lafayette EA, da Silva RMF, de Almeida SMV, de Moura RO, Ruiz ALTG, de Carvalho JE, de Lima MDCA. Thiosemicarbazones and 4-thiazolidinones indole-based derivatives: Synthesis, evaluation of antiproliferative activity, cell death mechanisms and topoisomerase inhibition assay. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 136:305-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zoidis G, Sosic A, Da Ros S, Gatto B, Sissi C, Palluotto F, Carotti A, Catto M. Indenocinnoline derivatives as G-quadruplex binders, topoisomerase IIα inhibitors and antiproliferative agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2625-2634. [PMID: 28342691 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DNA intercalating agents are a consolidated therapeutic option in the treatment of tumor diseases. Starting from previous findings in the antiproliferative efficacy of a series of indeno[1,2-c]cinnoline-11-one derivatives, we performed a suitable decoration of this scaffold by means of a simple and straightforward chemistry, aiming to a) enlarge the planar core to a pentacyclic benzo[h]indeno[1,2-c]cinnoline-13-one and b) introduce a basic head tethered through a simple polymethylene chain. In fluorescence melting and fluorescence intercalator displacement assays, these new compounds displayed fair to very good intercalating properties on different nucleic acid strands, with preference for G-quadruplex sequences. Inhibition of human topoisomerase IIα and antiproliferative assays on HeLa and MCF7 tumor cell lines outlined a multitarget antiproliferative profile for tetracyclic 6 and pentacyclic derivative 20, both bearing a N,N-dimethylamine as the protonatable moiety. Particularly, compound 6 displayed a very potent inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, while 20 returned the highest thermal stabilization in melting experiments. In summary, these results outlined a potential of such highly planar scaffolds for nucleic acid binding and antiproliferative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigoris Zoidis
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, GR-15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Alice Sosic
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Da Ros
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Gatto
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Fausta Palluotto
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Carotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Seol Y, Neuman KC. The dynamic interplay between DNA topoisomerases and DNA topology. Biophys Rev 2016; 8:101-111. [PMID: 28510219 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Topological properties of DNA influence its structure and biochemical interactions. Within the cell, DNA topology is constantly in flux. Transcription and other essential processes, including DNA replication and repair, not only alter the topology of the genome but also introduce additional complications associated with DNA knotting and catenation. These topological perturbations are counteracted by the action of topoisomerases, a specialized class of highly conserved and essential enzymes that actively regulate the topological state of the genome. This dynamic interplay among DNA topology, DNA processing enzymes, and DNA topoisomerases is a pervasive factor that influences DNA metabolism in vivo. Building on the extensive structural and biochemical characterization over the past four decades that has established the fundamental mechanistic basis of topoisomerase activity, scientists have begun to explore the unique roles played by DNA topology in modulating and influencing the activity of topoisomerases. In this review we survey established and emerging DNA topology-dependent protein-DNA interactions with a focus on in vitro measurements of the dynamic interplay between DNA topology and topoisomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonee Seol
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, 50 South Dr., Room 3517, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Keir C Neuman
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, 50 South Dr., Room 3517, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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49
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Bansal S, Bajaj P, Pandey S, Tandon V. Topoisomerases: Resistance versus Sensitivity, How Far We Can Go? Med Res Rev 2016; 37:404-438. [PMID: 27687257 DOI: 10.1002/med.21417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are ubiquitously present remarkable molecular machines that help in altering topology of DNA in living cells. The crucial role played by these nucleases during DNA replication, transcription, and recombination vis-à-vis less sequence similarity among different species makes topoisomerases unique and attractive targets for different anticancer and antibacterial drugs. However, druggability of topoisomerases by the existing class of molecules is increasingly becoming questationable due to resistance development predominated by mutations in the corresponding genes. The current scenario facing a decline in the development of new molecules further comprises an important factor that may challenge topoisomerase-targeting therapy. Thus, it is imperative to wisely use the existing inhibitors lest with this rapid rate of losing grip over the target we may not go too far. Furthermore, it is important not only to design new molecules but also to develop new approaches that may avoid obstacles in therapies due to multiple resistance mechanisms. This review provides a succinct account of different classes of topoisomerase inhibitors, focuses on resistance acquired by mutations in topoisomerases, and discusses the various approaches to increase the efficacy of topoisomerase inhibitors. In a later section, we also suggest the possibility of using bisbenzimidazoles along with efflux pump inhibitors for synergistic bactericidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Bansal
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Bajaj
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Stuti Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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50
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Adrian J, Stark CBW. Flexible Approach to (5Z
,9Z
)-Dienoic Fatty Acids Relevant to the Synthesis of Demospongic Acids and Related Natural Products. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Adrian
- Fachbereich Chemie; Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Christian B. W. Stark
- Fachbereich Chemie; Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
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