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Julaiti M, Guo H, Cui T, Nijiati N, Huang P, Hu B. Application of stem cells in the study of developmental and functional toxicity of endodermal-derived organs caused by nanoparticles. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 98:105836. [PMID: 38702034 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have unique properties that make them useful in biomedicine. However, their extensive use raises concerns about potential hazards to the body. Therefore, it is crucial to establish effective and robust toxicology models to evaluate the developmental and functional toxicity of nanoparticles on the body. This article discusses the use of stem cells to study the developmental and functional toxicity of organs of endodermal origin due to nanoparticles. The study discovered that various types of nanoparticles have varying effects on stem cells. The application of stem cell models can provide a possibility for studying the effects of nanoparticles on organ development and function, as they can more accurately reflect the toxic mechanisms of different types of nanoparticles. However, stem cell toxicology systems currently cannot fully reflect the effects of nanoparticles on entire organs. Therefore, the establishment of organoid models and other advanced assessment models is expected to address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulati Julaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Haoqiang Guo
- Human anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Nadire Nijiati
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Pengfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China.
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Kim JE, Cho MH. Effects of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes on Premature Kidney Aging: Biochemical and Histological Analysis. TOXICS 2023; 11:373. [PMID: 37112600 PMCID: PMC10143039 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained much attention due to their superb properties, which make them promising options for the reinforcing composite materials with desirable mechanical properties. However, little is known about the linkage between lung exposure to nanomaterials and kidney disease. In this study, we compared the effects on the kidneys and aging for two different types of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs): pristine MWCNTs (PMWCNTs) and acid-treated MWCNTs (TMWCNTs), with TMWCNTs being the preferred form for use as a composite material due to its superior dispersion properties. We used tracheal instillation and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for both types of CNTs. MTD was determined as a 10% weight loss dose in a 3-month subchronic study, and the appropriate dosage for 1-year exposure was 0.1 mg/mouse. Serum and kidney samples were analyzed using ELISA, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry after 6 months and 1 year of treatment. PMWCNT-administered mice showed the activation of pathways for inflammation, apoptosis, and insufficient autophagy, as well as decreased serum Klotho levels and increased serum levels of DKK-1, FGF-23, and sclerostin, while TMWCNTs did not. Our study suggests that lung exposure to PMWCNTs can induce premature kidney aging and highlights a possible toxic effect of using MWCNTs on the kidneys in the industrial field, further highlighting that dispersibility can affect the toxicity of the nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
- RNABIO, Seongnam 13201, Republic of Korea
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3
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Hosseini SM, Mohammadnejad J, Najafi-Taher R, Zadeh ZB, Tanhaei M, Ramakrishna S. Multifunctional Carbon-Based Nanoparticles: Theranostic Applications in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1323-1338. [PMID: 36921253 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis and treatment are the most critical challenges in modern medicine. Conventional cancer treatments no longer meet the needs of the health field due to the high rate of mutations and epigenetic factors that have caused drug resistance in tumor cells. Hence, the search for unique methods and factors is quickly expanding. The development of nanotechnology in medicine and the search for a system to integrate treatment and diagnosis to achieve an effective approach to overcome the known limitations of conventional treatment methods have led to the emergence of theranostic nanoparticles and nanosystems based on these nanoparticles. An influential group of these nanoparticles is carbon-based theranostic nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have received significant attention due to their unique properties, such as electrical conductivity, high strength, excellent surface chemistry, and wide range of structural diversity (graphene, nanodiamond, carbon quantum dots, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanohorns). These nanoparticles were widely used in various fields, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, imaging, and biosensors. In this review, we discuss in detail the recent features and advances in carbon-based theranostic nanoparticles and the advanced and diverse strategies used to treat diseases with these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of Modern Science and Technology, Nano Biotechnology Group, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadnejad
- Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of Modern Science and Technology, Nano Biotechnology Group, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
| | - Roqya Najafi-Taher
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11114115, Iran
| | - Zahra Beiram Zadeh
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Tanhaei
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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4
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Assessment of Pristine Carbon Nanotubes Toxicity in Rodent Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315343. [PMID: 36499665 PMCID: PMC9739793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are increasingly used in nanomedicine and material chemistry research, mostly because of their small size over a large surface area. Due to their properties, they are very attractive candidates for use in medicine and as drug carriers, contrast agents, biological platforms, and so forth. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may affect many organs, directly or indirectly, so there is a need for toxic effects evaluation. The main mechanisms of toxicity include oxidative stress, inflammation, the ability to damage DNA and cell membrane, as well as necrosis and apoptosis. The research concerning CNTs focuses on different animal models, functionalization, ways of administration, concentrations, times of exposure, and a variety of properties, which have a significant effect on toxicity. The impact of pristine CNTs on toxicity in rodent models is being increasingly studied. However, it is immensely difficult to compare obtained results since there are no standardized tests. This review summarizes the toxicity issues of pristine CNTs in rodent models, as they are often the preferred model for human disease studies, in different organ systems, while considering the various factors that affect them. Regardless, the results showed that the majority of toxicological studies using rodent models revealed some toxic effects. Even with different properties, carbon nanotubes were able to generate inflammation, fibrosis, or biochemical changes in different organs. The problem is that there are only a small amount of long-term toxicity studies, which makes it impossible to obtain a good understanding of later effects. This article will give a greater overview of the situation on toxicity in many organs. It will allow researchers to look at the toxicity of carbon nanotubes in a broader context and help to identify studies that are missing to properly assess toxicity.
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Sun T, Kang Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Ou L, Liu X, Lai R, Shao L. Nanomaterials and hepatic disease: toxicokinetics, disease types, intrinsic mechanisms, liver susceptibility, and influencing factors. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:108. [PMID: 33863340 PMCID: PMC8052793 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of nanomaterials (NMs) has raised concerns that exposure to them may introduce potential risks to the human body and environment. The liver is the main target organ for NMs. Hepatotoxic effects caused by NMs have been observed in recent studies but have not been linked to liver disease, and the intrinsic mechanisms are poorly elucidated. Additionally, NMs exhibit varied toxicokinetics and induce enhanced toxic effects in susceptible livers; however, thus far, this issue has not been thoroughly reviewed. This review provides an overview of the toxicokinetics of NMs. We highlight the possibility that NMs induce hepatic diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, liver cancer, and metabolic disorders, and explore the underlying intrinsic mechanisms. Additionally, NM toxicokinetics and the potential induced risks in the livers of susceptible individuals, including subjects with liver disease, obese individuals, aging individuals and individuals of both sexes, are summarized. To understand how NM type affect their toxicity, the influences of the physicochemical and morphological (PCM) properties of NMs on their toxicokinetics and toxicity are also explored. This review provides guidance for further toxicological studies on NMs and will be important for the further development of NMs for applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Lingling Ou
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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Liu E, Wang X, Li X, Tian P, Xu H, Li Z, Wang L. Co-exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotube and lead ions aggravates hepatotoxicity of nonalcoholic fatty liver via inhibiting AMPK/PPARγ pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14189-14204. [PMID: 32680977 PMCID: PMC7425511 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been widely used in sewage disposal, water purification, and disinfection. Co-exposure to MWCNTs and heavy metal ions is common during water disposal. However, the hepatotoxicity of co-exposure to MWCNTs and lead ions for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects has not been investigated. NAFLD mice were fed intragastrically with MWCNTs and lead acetate (PbAc). Combined administration of MWCNTs and PbAc significantly damaged the liver function, and aggravated the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis phenotype as well as the hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in NAFLD mice. Furthermore, MWCNTs and PbAc significantly induced apoptosis in primary hepatocytes isolated from NAFLD mice. Combined administration of MWCNTs and PbAc also resulted in hepatic lipid peroxidation by inducing antioxidant defense system dysfunction, and significantly enhanced the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in NAFLD mice livers. Meanwhile, combined administration of MWCNTs and PbAc may exert its hepatotoxicity in the NAFLD via inhibiting the adenosine 5'-monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) pathway. Taken together, we conclude that co-exposure to MWCNTs and PbAc can remarkably aggravate the hepatotoxicity in NAFLD mice via inhibiting the AMPK/PPARγ pathway. This study may provide a biosafety evaluation for the application of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xinghui Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Medical College, Linyi, China
| | - Xidong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Ping Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Zenglian Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Likun Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanomaterials with unique physicochemical properties that are targets of great interest for industrial and commercial applications. Notwithstanding, some characteristics of CNTs are associated with adverse outcomes from exposure to pathogenic particulates, raising concerns over health risks in exposed workers and consumers. Indeed, certain forms of CNTs induce a range of harmful effects in laboratory animals, among which inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer are consistently observed for some CNTs. Inflammation, fibrosis, and malignancy are complex pathological processes that, in summation, underlie a major portion of human disease. Moreover, the functional interrelationship among them in disease pathogenesis has been increasingly recognized. The CNT-induced adverse effects resemble certain human disease conditions, such as pneumoconiosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and mesothelioma, to some extent. Progress has been made in understanding CNT-induced pathologic conditions in recent years, demonstrating a close interconnection among inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. Mechanistically, a number of mediators, signaling pathways, and cellular processes are identified as major mechanisms that underlie the interplay among inflammation, fibrosis, and malignancy, and serve as pathogenic bases for these disease conditions in CNT-exposed animals. These studies indicate that CNT-induced pathological effects, in particular, inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer, are mechanistically, and in some cases, causatively, interrelated. These findings generate new insights into CNT adverse effects and pathogenesis and provide new targets for exposure monitoring and drug development against inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer caused by inhaled nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- Receptor Biology Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Qiang Ma
- Receptor Biology Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Morgantown , WV , USA
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8
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Hu H, Guo Q, Fan X, Wei X, Yang D, Zhang B, Liu J, Wu Q, Oh Y, Feng Y, Chen K, Hou L, Gu N. Molecular mechanisms underlying zinc oxide nanoparticle induced insulin resistance in mice. Nanotoxicology 2019; 14:59-76. [PMID: 31519126 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1663288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) represent an important class of commercially applied materials. Recently, adverse effects of ZnO NPs were found in humans and animals following ingestion, although the effects on endocrine system disease remain unclear. In this study, ZnO NPs were orally administered to mice, and at doses of 25 mg/kg bw (body weight) ZnO NPs and above, plasma glucose increased significantly. The genome-wide effects of ZnO NPs were then investigated using RNA-sequencing technology. In the cluster analysis, the most significantly enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways concerned membranes and their close association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Biochemical and gene and protein expression analyses revealed that ZnO NPs activated a xenobiotic biodegradation response and increased the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in mice livers, leading to ER stress. The ER stress increased ROS generation. The high levels of ROS activated the MAPK and NF-κB pathways and induced an inflammation response, resulting in the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1. Thus, the insulin resistance that developed was the primary mechanism for the increase in the plasma glucose of mice treated orally with ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xingpei Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangjuan Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Daqian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Kun Chen
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Zhao C, Zhou Y, Liu L, Long J, Liu H, Li J, Cao Y. Lipid accumulation in multi-walled carbon nanotube-exposed HepG2 cells: Possible role of lipophagy pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:65-71. [PMID: 30138652 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) exposure might promote hepatic steatosis, but relatively few studies investigated the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on lipid accumulation in hepatocytes in vitro. This study investigated lipid accumulation and the possible role of lipophagy (autophagic degradation of lipid droplets) in MWCNT-exposed HepG2 cells. Pristine (XFM19) and carboxylated MWCNTs (XFM21) were internalized, accompanying cytotoxicity, lysosomal destabilization, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Compared with XFM21, XFM19 promoted lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells more effectively, which was further enhanced by pre-incubation with autophagy inhibitor NH4Cl. In addition, MWCNTs increased the expression of lipophagy genes PLIN2 and BECN1 but decreased that of ATG7. The expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress regulators, namely DDIT3, HSPA5, and XBP-1s, was also altered in MWCNT exposed HepG2 cells. Combined, these results suggested that MWCNT exposure might promote lipid accumulation in hepatocytes probably through the modulation of lipophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China; Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Jimin Long
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Hongwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China; Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
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Knudsen KB, Berthing T, Jackson P, Poulsen SS, Mortensen A, Jacobsen NR, Skaug V, Szarek J, Hougaard KS, Wolff H, Wallin H, Vogel U. Physicochemical predictors of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-induced pulmonary histopathology and toxicity one year after pulmonary deposition of 11 different Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 124:211-227. [PMID: 30168672 PMCID: PMC7379927 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are widely used nanomaterials that cause pulmonary toxicity upon inhalation. The physicochemical properties of MWCNT vary greatly, which makes general safety evaluation challenging to conduct. Identification of the toxicity‐inducing physicochemical properties of MWCNT is therefore of great importance. We have evaluated histological changes in lung tissue 1 year after a single intratracheal instillation of 11 well‐characterized MWCNT in female C57BL/6N BomTac mice. Genotoxicity in liver and spleen was evaluated by the comet assay. The dose of 54 μg MWCNT corresponds to three times the estimated dose accumulated during a work life at a NIOSH recommended exposure limit (0.001 mg/m3). Short and thin MWCNT were observed as agglomerates in lung tissue 1 year after exposure, whereas thicker and longer MWCNT were detected as single fibres, suggesting biopersistence of both types of MWCNT. The thin and entangled MWCNT induced varying degree of pulmonary inflammation, in terms of lymphocytic aggregates, granulomas and macrophage infiltration, whereas two thick and straight MWCNT did not. By multiple regression analysis, larger diameter and higher content of iron predicted less histopathological changes, whereas higher cobalt content significantly predicted more histopathological changes. No MWCNT‐related fibrosis or tumours in the lungs or pleura was found. One thin and entangled MWCNT induced increased levels of DNA strand breaks in liver; however, no physicochemical properties could be related to genotoxicity. This study reveals physicochemical‐dependent difference in MWCNT‐induced long‐term, pulmonary histopathological changes. Identification of diameter size and cobalt content as important for MWCNT toxicity provides clues for designing MWCNT, which cause reduced human health effects following pulmonary exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina B Knudsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Petra Jackson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sarah S Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Vidar Skaug
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Józef Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, DTU, Lyngby, Denmark
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11
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Poulsen SS, Knudsen KB, Jackson P, Weydahl IEK, Saber AT, Wallin H, Vogel U. Multi-walled carbon nanotube-physicochemical properties predict the systemic acute phase response following pulmonary exposure in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174167. [PMID: 28380028 PMCID: PMC5381870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been linked to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease in addition to the well-documented physicochemical-dependent adverse lung effects. A proposed mechanism is through a strong and sustained pulmonary secretion of acute phase proteins to the blood. We identified physicochemical determinants of MWCNT-induced systemic acute phase response by analyzing effects of pulmonary exposure to 14 commercial, well-characterized MWCNTs in female C57BL/6J mice pulmonary exposed to 0, 6, 18 or 54 μg MWCNT/mouse. Plasma levels of acute phase response proteins serum amyloid A1/2 (SAA1/2) and SAA3 were determined on day 1, 28 or 92. Expression levels of hepatic Saa1 and pulmonary Saa3 mRNA levels were assessed to determine the origin of the acute phase response proteins. Pulmonary Saa3 mRNA expression levels were greater and lasted longer than hepatic Saa1 mRNA expression. Plasma SAA1/2 and SAA3 protein levels were related to time and physicochemical properties using adjusted, multiple regression analyses. SAA3 and SAA1/2 plasma protein levels were increased after exposure to almost all of the MWCNTs on day 1, whereas limited changes were observed on day 28 and 92. SAA1/2 and SAA3 protein levels did not correlate and only SAA3 protein levels correlated with neutrophil influx. The multiple regression analyses revealed a protective effect of MWCNT length on SAA1/2 protein level on day 1, such that a longer length resulted in lowered SAA1/2 plasma levels. Increased SAA3 protein levels were positively related to dose and content of Mn, Mg and Co on day 1, whereas oxidation and diameter of the MWCNTs were protective on day 28 and 92, respectively. The results of this study reveal very differently controlled pulmonary and hepatic acute phase responses after MWCNT exposure. As the responses were influenced by the physicochemical properties of the MWCNTs, this study provides the first step towards designing MWCNT that induce less SAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Petra Jackson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Anne T. Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Poulsen SS, Jackson P, Kling K, Knudsen KB, Skaug V, Kyjovska ZO, Thomsen BL, Clausen PA, Atluri R, Berthing T, Bengtson S, Wolff H, Jensen KA, Wallin H, Vogel U. Multi-walled carbon nanotube physicochemical properties predict pulmonary inflammation and genotoxicity. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1263-75. [PMID: 27323647 PMCID: PMC5020352 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1202351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Lung deposition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) induces pulmonary toxicity. Commercial MWCNT vary greatly in physicochemical properties and consequently in biological effects. To identify determinants of MWCNT-induced toxicity, we analyzed the effects of pulmonary exposure to 10 commercial MWCNT (supplied in three groups of different dimensions, with one pristine and two/three surface modified in each group). We characterized morphology, chemical composition, surface area and functionalization levels. MWCNT were deposited in lungs of female C57BL/6J mice by intratracheal instillation of 0, 6, 18 or 54 μg/mouse. Pulmonary inflammation (neutrophil influx in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)) and genotoxicity were determined on day 1, 28 or 92. Histopathology of the lungs was performed on day 28 and 92. All MWCNT induced similar histological changes. Lymphocytic aggregates were detected for all MWCNT on day 28 and 92. Using adjusted, multiple regression analyses, inflammation and genotoxicity were related to dose, time and physicochemical properties. The specific surface area (BET) was identified as a positive predictor of pulmonary inflammation on all post-exposure days. In addition, length significantly predicted pulmonary inflammation, whereas surface oxidation (–OH and –COOH) was predictor of lowered inflammation on day 28. BET surface area, and therefore diameter, significantly predicted genotoxicity in BAL fluid cells and lung tissue such that lower BET surface area or correspondingly larger diameter was associated with increased genotoxicity. This study provides information on possible toxicity-driving physicochemical properties of MWCNT. The results may contribute to safe-by-design manufacturing of MWCNT, thereby minimizing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Poulsen
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Petra Jackson
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Kirsten Kling
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Kristina B Knudsen
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Vidar Skaug
- b National Institute of Occupational Health , Oslo , Norway
| | - Zdenka O Kyjovska
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Birthe L Thomsen
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Rambabu Atluri
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Trine Berthing
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Stefan Bengtson
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- c Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Keld A Jensen
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Håkan Wallin
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark .,d Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen University , Copenhagen K , Denmark , and
| | - Ulla Vogel
- a National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark .,e Department of Micro-and Nanotechnology , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
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Poulsen SS, Saber AT, Mortensen A, Szarek J, Wu D, Williams A, Andersen O, Jacobsen NR, Yauk CL, Wallin H, Halappanavar S, Vogel U. Changes in cholesterol homeostasis and acute phase response link pulmonary exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes to risk of cardiovascular disease. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 283:210-22. [PMID: 25620056 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adverse lung effects following pulmonary exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are well documented in rodents. However, systemic effects are less understood. Epidemiological studies have shown increased cardiovascular disease risk after pulmonary exposure to airborne particles, which has led to concerns that inhalation exposure to MWCNTs might pose similar risks. We analyzed parameters related to cardiovascular disease, including plasma acute phase response (APR) proteins and plasma lipids, in female C57BL/6 mice exposed to a single intratracheal instillation of 0, 18, 54 or 162μg/mouse of small, entangled (CNTSmall, 0.8±0.1μm long) or large, thick MWCNTs (CNTLarge, 4±0.4μm long). Liver tissues and plasma were harvested 1, 3 and 28days post-exposure. In addition, global hepatic gene expression, hepatic cholesterol content and liver histology were used to assess hepatic effects. The two MWCNTs induced similar systemic responses despite their different physicochemical properties. APR proteins SAA3 and haptoglobin, plasma total cholesterol and low-density/very low-density lipoprotein were significantly increased following exposure to either MWCNTs. Plasma SAA3 levels correlated strongly with pulmonary Saa3 levels. Analysis of global gene expression revealed perturbation of the same biological processes and pathways in liver, including the HMG-CoA reductase pathway. Both MWCNTs induced similar histological hepatic changes, with a tendency towards greater response following CNTLarge exposure. Overall, we show that pulmonary exposure to two different MWCNTs induces similar systemic and hepatic responses, including changes in plasma APR, lipid composition, hepatic gene expression and liver morphology. The results link pulmonary exposure to MWCNTs with risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Anne T Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark.
| | - Józef Szarek
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Ole Andersen
- Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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