1
|
Higuera-de-la-Tijera F, Servín-Caamaño A, Lajud-Barquín F, Tovar-Aguilar A. Weight change and lifestyle modifications implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown are associated with the development of gastrointestinal symptoms. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2024:S2255-534X(24)00074-4. [PMID: 39332979 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2024.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Pandemic lockdown measures are a cause of concern, regarding their negative impact on the mental health of individuals. The results of numerous studies have associated the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms with different psychologic disorders, such as stress, depression, and anxiety, due to gut-brain axis interaction. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, gastrointestinal symptom onset related to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and various lifestyle modifications. METHODS An analytic, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted on an open population that agreed to participate within the time frame of January to May 2021. RESULTS A total of 298 subjects, 165 of whom were women (55.4%), agreed to participate and the mean patient age was 36.1 ± 12.6 years. There was a significant increase in the frequency of several gastrointestinal symptoms: epigastric burning, early satiety, heartburn, regurgitation, constipation, and diarrhea. Changes in weight and modifications in lifestyle were found to be associated variables. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed a significant increase in a wide variety of gastrointestinal symptoms related to lifestyle changes due to the pandemic lockdown. Weight change, supplement and multivitamin intake, and reduced physical activity were the main associated risk factors. Public healthcare systems should take a multidisciplinary approach into consideration for the care of affected individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Higuera-de-la-Tijera
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico; Profesora de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina Saint Luke, Universidad Alliant, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - A Servín-Caamaño
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F Lajud-Barquín
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Tovar-Aguilar
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chu V, Newman DG. Exercise Effect on Mental Health in Isolating or Quarantining Adults. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2023; 94:686-695. [PMID: 37587629 DOI: 10.3357/amhp.6073.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), travelers are typically subject to quarantine, which is often associated with poorer mental health (MH). While the protective benefits of community-based exercise are widely recognized, the degree to which this extends to the confined setting is unknown. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of exercise on MH in isolating or quarantining adults.METHODS: A literature search of Ovid MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews limited to January 2019-September 2021 inclusive yielded five eligible studies.RESULTS: Data comprised a total of 2755 college and university students, most of whom were confined. Depending on the scale used, 24.9-76.7% of respondents demonstrated impaired MH, which improved with physical activity (PA), especially when regular and moderate or vigorous. The frequency, duration, and participants of exercise increased as lockdown progressed. One study showed that while sleep, diet, and PA all have an impact on MH, PA was the factor most strongly correlated with MH.DISCUSSION: Physical fitness should be optimized before and maintained during quarantine while exercise space and equipment should be accessible. Importantly, the sustainability of persistent quarantine must be considered given the pervasiveness of COVID-19.Chu V, Newman DG. Exercise effect on mental health in isolating or quarantining adults. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(9):686-695.
Collapse
|
3
|
Attary T, Noorbala L, Ghazizadeh A. The Covid-19 pandemic had polarizing effects on trait scores depending on a person's resilience and predispositions: A longitudinal prospective study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18399. [PMID: 37529337 PMCID: PMC10388164 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
While Covid-19 is, first and foremost, a pernicious physical illness, its highly contagious nature has led to significant disruption in social life and psychological stress, occasionally resulting in dire mental health consequences that are still not fully understood. To address this issue, a prospective longitudinal design study was conducted by administering standard self-reporting questionnaires covering the NEO-five factor inventory (NEO-FFI), shyness, alexithymia, autism quotient, anxiety, depression, and sensory processing sensitivity (SPS). A total of 114 participants (of which 71.93% were females) with an average age of 30.29 (standard deviation = 11.04) completed the survey before and a few months after the pandemic. Results revealed the distribution of population scores to become more extreme in either positive or negative trait directions despite the stability of average trait scores across the population. Higher resilience was found to be positively correlated with improved trait scores post-pandemic but corona anxiety score was not correlated with trait score changes. In addition, in the subjects with moderate negative trait scores, agreeableness and autism scores and in subjects with high negative trait scores, openness, SPS and shyness scores were significantly correlated with trait scores changes post-pandemic. These results reveal the nuanced effects of the pandemic on the people's psychological well-being and highlight vulnerabilities for certain groups despite the overall stability of population that needs to be taken into account for mental health policies going forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taraneh Attary
- Bio-Intelligence Unit, Sharif Brain Center, Electrical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Noorbala
- Bio-Intelligence Unit, Sharif Brain Center, Electrical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ali Ghazizadeh
- Bio-Intelligence Unit, Sharif Brain Center, Electrical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bretaña I, Alonso-Arbiol I, Kittel K, Ubillos-Landa S. "I can't escape!": Avoidantly attached individuals' conflict resolution and relationship satisfaction before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. Psych J 2023. [PMID: 37224873 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Increased time spent together and the lockdown resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic may have created new scenarios for marital conflict. We analyzed how home confinement affects avoidantly attached individuals': (a) resolution strategies to cope with couple conflict, (b) perception of partner's resolution strategies, and (c) overall relationship satisfaction. The sample comprised 549 individuals, divided into two subsamples: (a) the confined group, individuals confined with their partners (n = 275); and (b) the comparison group, coupled individuals from a dataset collected before the pandemic (n = 274). Results indicate that the proposed model works in different contexts (non-confinement and confinement situations), but there are some significant differences in the magnitude of some of the relationships between the variables, being stronger in the confinement group than in the comparison group. In the confined group, in individuals with avoidant attachment, withdrawal was associated with lower relationship satisfaction and a higher demand partner perceived to a higher extent than in the comparison group. This might explain the lower satisfaction with the relationship of the confined group. The different conflict resolution strategies of the couple mediated between avoidant attachment and relationship satisfaction in both groups (confined and comparison). It is concluded that individuals' attachment orientation is a key factor in how individuals experienced their close relationships during the confinement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ione Bretaña
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology & Research Methods, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain
| | - Itziar Alonso-Arbiol
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology & Research Methods, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain
| | - Kristel Kittel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology & Research Methods, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fotheringham P, Dorney E, McKinn S, Fox GJ, Bernays S. Protecting mental health in quarantine: Exploring lived experiences of healthcare in mandatory COVID-19 quarantine, New South Wales, Australia. SSM Popul Health 2023; 21:101329. [PMID: 36624829 PMCID: PMC9805377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Australia implemented mandatory hotel quarantine for returned international travellers from March 2020-November 2021. Healthcare was rapidly transformed and scaled up to facilitate delivery of face-to-face and virtual healthcare within quarantine facilities. We sought to understand, from the patient perspective, what a virtual model of healthcare may need to be aware of to respond to, protect, and mitigate people's mental health within a 'public health protection' context of quarantine. Design Qualitative study design using in-depth semi-structured interviews exploring experiences of the virtual model of healthcare in quarantine. Setting Special Health Accommodation (SHA) quarantine facilities following Australian Federal and New South Wales (NSW) State quarantine policy, NSW, Australia. Participants 25 returned international travellers aged 18 years or older of any COVID-19 status who quarantined within SHA between October 2020-March 2021. Results Participants identified three broad areas of concern. Firstly, their potential to transmit COVID-19, that created anxiety for all participants. Secondly, the effects of losing personal freedoms in quarantine to protect the wider Australian community. Thirdly, many participants entered quarantine during intense biographical moments in their lives, compounding the stress of their experience. Participants felt lost within the 'faceless' quarantine administrative system they navigated prior to their actual arrival in Australia and during their mandated quarantine period. This cumulative experience compromised their expectations and experiences of person-centred care once in quarantine. Conclusions Quarantine has been a critical public health measure for managing COVID-19 in Australia. The pandemic provides opportunities to learn from quarantine implementation. Participants struggled to separate healthcare provision from the broader quarantine systems and processes. Due to this confusion, blame was directed at healthcare providers for many, and in some cases all difficulties, including those encountered getting into and once within quarantine. Valuable lessons can be learnt from engaging with patients' perspectives to adapt and strengthen future quarantine to deliver responsive, person-centred healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Fotheringham
- University of Newcastle, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Central Coast Clinical School, Newcastle, Australia,University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Edwina Dorney
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shannon McKinn
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Greg J. Fox
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah Bernays
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London, UK,Corresponding author. Sydney School of Public Health, Edward Ford Building (A27), The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Edwards K, Cowan D, Brunero S. Perspective: Coping with Covid-19: An isolation risk assessment and management guideline for healthcare staff. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:337-347. [PMID: 36385730 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mental health consequences of pandemic isolation have been well documented extending from psychological conditions such as anxiety and depression to increased falls risk, medication errors and delirium. Whilst risk factors associated with isolation are known, there remains a gap in the guidance for healthcare staff on how to assess for these risks and develop effective management plans. Using a structured professional judgement (SPJ) approach and the author's recent experience providing consultation and leadership to clinical staff working with at-risk patients during the pandemic, an isolation risk assessment and management guideline was developed. SPJ is an evidenced-based analytical method used to understand and mitigate risk that was primarily developed for the assessment and management of aggression and violence. This paper discusses an evidenced-based process used to develop the guideline and the application of its use from the author's clinical experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Edwards
- Integrated Mental Health and Alcohol and Other Drugs Services, Mid North Coast Local Health District, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Darrin Cowan
- Integrated Mental Health and Alcohol and Other Drugs Services, Mid North Coast Local Health District, Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott Brunero
- Mental Health Liaison, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,Casual Academic University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Holladay K, Lardier D, Amorim FT, Zuhl M, Coakley KE. Practicing COVID-19 Public Health Measures Is Associated With Anxiety and Depression in Undergraduate University Students. Front Public Health 2022; 10:941730. [PMID: 35875047 PMCID: PMC9298869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.941730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has affected mental health globally, increasing depression and anxiety. This study examined relationships between practicing COVID-19-related public health measures and depression and anxiety in young adult students. Methods A sample of 755 undergraduate students 18-25 years of age at a large public university completed a cross-sectional survey in fall 2020 during the pandemic (response rate = 18.9%). The survey included demographic questions, anxiety and depression screeners (GAD-7 and PHQ-9), and questions on practicing public health measures (stay-at-home orders, quarantining, social distancing, etc.) since March 2020. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to calculated adjusted odds between practicing public health measures and anxiety and depression. Results The majority of respondents reported practicing public health measures; however, 53% experienced anxiety (GAD-7 score >10) and 57% experienced depression (PHQ-9 score >10) in the 2 weeks prior to completing the survey. Participants who quarantined had significantly higher odds of anxiety (AOR = 1.44; 95% CL 1.07, 1.96) and depression (AOR = 1.77; 95% CL 1.30, 2.41) than those who did not. Participants who self-isolated also had significantly higher odds of anxiety (AOR = 1.53; 95% CL 1.13, 2.08) and depression (AOR = 1.87; 95% CL 1.37, 2.56) compared to those who did not. Moving/changing living situations in response to the pandemic also increased odds of depression (AOR = 1.86; 95% CL 1.33, 2.60). Conclusion Young adult undergraduate students experienced a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. Quarantining, self-isolating, and moving/changing living situations increased odds of anxiety and/or depression. The public health measures necessary for COVID-19 control and prevention may adversely affect mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Holladay
- Brooks Rehabilitation College of Healthcare Sciences, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - David Lardier
- The Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Fabiano T. Amorim
- Department of Health, Exercise and Sports Sciences, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Micah Zuhl
- School Health Sciences, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Kathryn E. Coakley
- Department of Individual, Family and Community Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lim M, Van Hulst A, Pisanu S, Merry L. Social Isolation, Loneliness and Health: A Descriptive Study of the Experiences of Migrant Mothers With Young Children (0–5 Years Old) at La Maison Bleue. Front Glob Womens Health 2022; 3:823632. [PMID: 35814837 PMCID: PMC9265247 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2022.823632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Migrant women with young children, including asylum seekers and refugees, have multiple vulnerability factors that put them at increased risk of social isolation and loneliness, which are associated with negative health outcomes. This study explored the experiences of social isolation and loneliness among migrant mothers with children aged 0–5 years as well as their perceptions on possible health impacts. Methods A qualitative descriptive study was conducted at La Maison Bleue, a non-profit organization providing perinatal health and social services to vulnerable women in Montreal, Canada. Recruitment and data collection occurred concurrently during the COVID-19 pandemic, between November and December 2020. Eleven women participated in individual semi-structured interviews and provided socio-demographic information. Interview data were thematically analyzed. Results Migrant women in this study described social isolation as the loss of family support and of their familiar social/cultural networks, and loneliness as the feelings of aloneness that stemmed from being a mother in a new country with limited support. Multiple factors contributed to women's and children's social isolation and loneliness, including migration status, socioeconomic circumstances, language barriers, and being a single mother. Women expressed that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pre-existing experiences of social isolation and loneliness. Mothers' experiences affected their emotional and mental health, while for children, it reduced their social opportunities outside the home, especially if not attending childcare. However, the extent to which mothers' experiences of social isolation and loneliness influenced the health and development of their children, was less clear. Conclusion Migrant mothers' experiences of social isolation and loneliness are intricately linked to their status as migrants and mothers. Going forward, it is critical to better document pandemic and post-pandemic consequences of social isolation and loneliness on young children of migrant families. Supportive interventions for migrant mothers and their young children should not only target social isolation but should also consider mothers' feelings of loneliness and foster social connectedness and belongingness. To address social isolation and loneliness, interventions at the individual, community and policy levels are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Lim
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Lisa Merry
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- West Central Montreal CIUSSS, SHERPA University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- InterActions Centre de recherche et de partage des savoirs, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Lisa Merry
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rajkumar E, Rajan AM, Daniel M, Lakshmi R, John R, George AJ, Abraham J, Varghese J. The psychological impact of quarantine due to COVID-19: A systematic review of risk, protective factors and interventions using socio-ecological model framework. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09765. [PMID: 35756104 PMCID: PMC9212950 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Though quarantine is a pertinent control measure for the spread of COVID-19, it is equally important to consider its negative impacts, as it causes severe psychological, emotional, and financial problems not only for those who are quarantined but also for many others who are directly or indirectly connected to those who are quarantined. There appears to be a need to synthesise the available literature evidence on the psychological impact of quarantine experience, especially the multilevel risk factors that make individuals vulnerable to psychological impact and the protective factors to deal with the negative effects of quarantine. Objective This systematic review attempted to identify the various psychological impacts associated with the experience of quarantine, the risk and protective factors and list out various psycho-social interventions that can minimise the risks and facilitate the protective factors associated with the experience of quarantine. Methods A systematic search adhering to the PRISMA guidelines was performed in four databases PubMed, Scopus, PsycNet, Web of Science and 10518 articles related to COVID-19 and quarantine were obtained. After screening processes and quality assessment using standard checklist 74 articles that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were chosen for the final review. Findings Individuals subjected to quarantine had anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, sleep problems, and somatic difficulties. Some of the key risk factors during quarantine are young age, female gender, low money, fear of infection, poor sleep quality, reduced physical activity, increased sedentary behaviours, and a lack of social support. Financial difficulties and stigma remained risk factors even after the quarantine period had ended. Key protective factors were coping skills, home based exercise, leisure, recreational activities, maintaining relationships using social media and availability of mental health services. The findings also highlight the necessity for tele mental health interventions to address the psychological effects of quarantine. Conclusion Multilevel interventions are required to minimise the impact of risk factors and enhance protective factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eslavath Rajkumar
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | | | - Monica Daniel
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - R. Lakshmi
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Romate John
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Allen Joshua George
- Humanities and Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Management Ranchi, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - John Abraham
- St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jee Varghese
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alfaifi A, Darraj A, El-Setouhy M. The Psychological Impact of Quarantine During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Quarantined Non-Healthcare Workers, Quarantined Healthcare Workers, and Medical Staff at the Quarantine Facility in Saudi Arabia. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:1259-1270. [PMID: 35607383 PMCID: PMC9124059 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s362712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a viral infectious disease that spreads quickly through droplets. It is highly contagious and could overwhelm the health system. Because of that, many governments established health quarantines for suspected infected people to minimize the spread of this disease. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms and to address the associated risk factors among quarantined non-healthcare workers, quarantined healthcare workers, and medical staff in the Ministry of Health quarantine facility. Patients and Methods We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study at the health quarantine in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The total number of participants was 301 individuals. Furthermore, the study questionnaire was composed of three sections, the first two were the background and clinical characteristics, and the last one was DASS 21 scale. Also, we used SPSS software to analyze the data. Lastly, we implemented logistic regression to assess the predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among quarantined non-healthcare workers were 51.9%, 60.2%, and 40.6%, respectively. These prevalences were 25.0%, 29.8%, and 16.9% among quarantined healthcare workers and 20.5%, 20.5%, and 27.3% among the medical staff. The predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among the study participants were female gender, perceived COVID-19 stigma, presence of other relatives in quarantine, comorbidities, and abnormal sleep duration. Conclusion and Recommendations Health quarantine is an environment that could negatively affect people's mental health. The quarantined non-healthcare workers were the most affected study participants inside this environment. Therefore, the availability of mental health services there could minimize their depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Moreover, a home quarantine would be better to reduce these negative symptoms whenever possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maged El-Setouhy
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cummings C, Seng K, Tweet R, Wagner J. Lifestyles Under Lockdown: A Scoping Review of International Studies on Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors During COVID-19. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2022; 3:830353. [PMID: 36992763 PMCID: PMC10012117 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2022.830353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on diabetes self-management behaviors is unclear. Objectives This paper is a scoping review of studies examining health behaviors among people with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eligibility Criteria We searched articles available in English using the Search terms "COVID" and "diabetes", and, separately, each of the following terms: "lifestyle", "health behavior", "self-care", "self-management", "adherence", "compliance", "eating", "diet", "physical activity", "exercise", "sleep", "self-monitoring of blood glucose", or "continuous glucose monitoring". Sources of Evidence We searched PubMed, PsychInfo, and Google Scholar databases from December 2019 through August 2021. Charting Methods Data were extracted by 4 calibrated reviewers and study elements were charted. Results The search identified 1,710 articles. After screening for relevance and eligibility, 24 articles were included in this review. Findings show the strongest evidence for reduced physical activity and stable glucose monitoring and substance use. There was equivocal evidence for deleterious changes in sleep, diet, and medication intake. With one minor exception, there was no evidence for favorable changes in health behaviors. Limitations of the literature include small samples, predominantly cross-sectional study designs, reliance on retrospective self-reports, sampling through social media, and few standardized measures. Conclusions Early studies of health behaviors among people with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic suggest a need for novel interventions to support diabetes self-management, especially targeting physical activity. Future studies should go beyond documenting changes in health behaviors and examine predictors of change over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Cummings
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Kagnica Seng
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT, United States
| | - Ryan Tweet
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Oregon Health & Science University, School of Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Julie Wagner
- Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vuorio A, Bekker A, Suhonen-Malm AS, Bor R. Promoting Flight Crew Mental Health Requires International Guidance for Down-Route Quarantine Circumstances. Front Public Health 2022; 10:854262. [PMID: 35309189 PMCID: PMC8931271 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.854262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alpo Vuorio
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Mehiläinen Airport Health Centre, Vantaa, Finland
- *Correspondence: Alpo Vuorio
| | | | | | - Robert Bor
- Centre for Aviation Psychology, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Houben-Wilke S, Goërtz YM, Delbressine JM, Vaes AW, Meys R, Machado FV, van Herck M, Burtin C, Posthuma R, Franssen FM, Vijlbrief H, Spies Y, van 't Hul AJ, Spruit MA, Janssen DJ. The Impact of Long COVID-19 on Mental Health: Observational 6-Month Follow-Up Study. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e33704. [PMID: 35200155 PMCID: PMC8914795 DOI: 10.2196/33704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological impact of COVID-19 can be substantial. However, knowledge about long-term psychological outcomes in patients with COVID-19 is scarce. OBJECTIVE In this longitudinal, observational study, we aimed to reveal symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and symptoms of anxiety and depression up to 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms in patients with confirmed COVID-19 and persistent complaints. To demonstrate the impact in nonhospitalized patients, we further aimed to compare these outcomes between nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients. METHODS Demographics, symptoms of PTSD (Trauma Screening Questionnaire [TSQ] ≥6 points) and symptoms of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] ≥8 points) were assessed at 3 and 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms in members of online long COVID-19 peer support groups. RESULTS Data from 239 patients with confirmed COVID-19 (198/239, 82.8% female; median age: 50 [IQR 39-56] years) were analyzed. At the 3-month follow-up, 37.2% (89/239) of the patients had symptoms of PTSD, 35.6% (85/239) had symptoms of anxiety, and 46.9% (112/239) had symptoms of depression, which remained high at the 6-month follow-up (64/239, 26.8%, P=.001; 83/239, 34.7%, P=.90; 97/239, 40.6%, P=.08, respectively; versus the 3-month follow-up). TSQ scores and HADS anxiety and depression scores were strongly correlated at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (r=0.63-0.71, P<.001). Symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression were comparable between hospitalized (n=62) and nonhospitalized (n=177) patients. CONCLUSIONS A substantial percentage of patients with confirmed COVID-19 and persistent complaints reported symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression 3 and 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms. The prevalence rates of symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression were comparable between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients and merely improved over time. Health care professionals need to be aware of these psychological complications and intervene on time in post-COVID-19 patients with persistent complaints. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register NTR8705; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8705.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvonne Mj Goërtz
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Anouk W Vaes
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands
| | - Roy Meys
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Felipe Vc Machado
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maarten van Herck
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Chris Burtin
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rein Posthuma
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Frits Me Franssen
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Yvonne Spies
- Lung Foundation Netherlands, Amersfoort, Netherlands
| | - Alex J van 't Hul
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Daisy Ja Janssen
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Giner L, Vera-Varela C, de la Vega D, Zelada GM, Guija JA. Suicidal Behavior in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2022; 24:1-10. [PMID: 35080711 PMCID: PMC8790944 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-022-01312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Since the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been numerous social changes to try to contain the spread of the disease. These sudden changes in daily life have also changed the way we relate to others, in addition to creating a climate of uncertainty and fear. Therefore, the objective of this review is to compile published data of the consequences of suicidal behavior in the first months from the onset of the pandemic. RECENT FINDINGS The analysis reflects a concern about issues related to suicide since the beginning of the pandemic. A large number of online surveys have been released and have provided data on relatively large populations. The percentage of the population with suicidal ideation in that period seems to be approximately 5-15%. Many studies associate suicidal ideation with being young, female, and presence of sleep problems. Surveys of healthcare workers do not seem to indicate a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation compared to the general population. The incidence of suicide attempts seen in emergency departments did not seem to change, while the number of visits for other issues, unrelated to suicide, did decrease. The few studies on completed suicide do not indicate an increase in incidence in these first 6 months since March 2020, when the WHO declared the start of the pandemic. It does not seem that there have been major changes in the figures related to suicidal behavior in the studies from the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, although it is still too early to know the consequences it will have long term. The social and economic damages resulting from the pandemic will certainly take a long time to recover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Giner
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
| | | | - Diego de la Vega
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Unidad de Hospitalización de Salud Mental. Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental del Hospital Virgen Macarena. Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Seville, Spain
| | - Giovani M Zelada
- Internal Medicine/Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Julio A Guija
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Medicina Legal Y Ciencias Forenses de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sheen J, Aridas A, Tchernegovski P, Dudley A, McGillivray J, Reupert A. Investigating the Impact of Isolation During COVID-19 on Family Functioning - An Australian Snapshot. Front Psychol 2021; 12:722161. [PMID: 34950080 PMCID: PMC8688529 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored possible changes in family functioning from the perspective of parents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thirty-four parents/guardians of children under 18 years completed a semi-structured interview, average length 47 min. Interviews focussed on changes in different aspects of family functioning including family roles, routines, and rules; parenting practices; communication and relationships; and strengths, challenges, and tensions. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis applied in an idiographic and inductive manner to reduce the loss of individual experiences and perspectives. Four superordinate themes were identified: shifting family roles and boundaries throughout the pandemic; impacts on routines and relationships; opportunities and resourcing; and, experiences of support and unity. Gender differences were evident across some themes, particularly changing roles, workload and work-home boundaries. Challenges and tensions were frequently highlighted, particularly by "vulnerable" family groups such as those with children with disabilities. Parents also described a renewed sense of family and community that underpinned adaptive coping responses. The results highlight the importance of family connectedness in times of need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jade Sheen
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna Aridas
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Amanda Dudley
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane McGillivray
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrea Reupert
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bahar Moni AS, Abdullah S, Bin Abdullah MFIL, Kabir MS, Alif SM, Sultana F, Salehin M, Islam SMS, Cross W, Rahman MA. Psychological distress, fear and coping among Malaysians during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257304. [PMID: 34506576 PMCID: PMC8432783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has enormously affected the psychological well-being, social and working life of millions of people across the world. This study aimed to investigate the psychological distress, fear and coping strategies as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among Malaysian residents. Methods Participants were invited to an online cross-sectional survey from Aug-Sep 2020. The study assessed psychological distress using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, level of fear using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and coping strategies using the Brief Resilient Coping Scale. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to adjust for potential confounders. Results The mean age (±SD) of the participants (N = 720) was 31.7 (±11.5) years, and most of them were females (67.1%). Half of the participants had an income source, while 216 (30%) identified themselves as frontline health or essential service workers. People whose financial situation was impacted due to COVID-19 (AOR 2.16, 95% CIs 1.54–3.03), people who drank alcohol in the last four weeks (3.43, 1.45–8.10), people who were a patient (2.02, 1.39–2.93), and had higher levels of fear of COVID-19 (2.55, 1.70–3.80) were more likely to have higher levels of psychological distress. Participants who self-isolated due to exposure to COVID-19 (3.12, 1.04–9.32) and who had moderate to very high levels of psychological distress (2.56, 1.71–3.83) had higher levels of fear. Participants who provided care to a family member/patient with a suspected case of COVID-19 were more likely to be moderately to highly resilient compared to those who did not. Conclusion Vulnerable groups of individuals such as patients and those impacted financially during COVID-19 should be supported for their mental wellbeing. Behavioural interventions should be targeted to reduce the impact of alcohol drinking during such crisis period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Suparno Bahar Moni
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (ASBM); (MAR)
| | - Shalimar Abdullah
- Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Sheikh M. Alif
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Farhana Sultana
- Telstra Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Masudus Salehin
- School of Health, Federation University Australia, Berwick, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Wendy Cross
- School of Health, Federation University Australia, Berwick, Victoria, Australia
| | - Muhammad Aziz Rahman
- School of Health, Federation University Australia, Berwick, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Primary Care and Ageing, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- * E-mail: (ASBM); (MAR)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ivbijaro G, Kolkiewicz L, Goldberg D, N'jie INS, Edwards T, Riba MB, Švab I, Geller J, Enum Y. Suicide prevention and COVID-19. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2021; 13:e12482. [PMID: 34114356 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide prevention during Covid 19 has become a global priority because the current pandemic has led to societal difficulties threatening the fabric of our lifestyle with increased morbidity and mortality. Modelling studies published since the COVID 19 pandemic was declared in March 2020 estimate that suicide rates will increase by anywhere between 1% to 145% globally in response to the pandemic and action needs to be taken. METHODS A narrative literature review on high quality evidence sources limited to human studies and publications written in English language only has been used to examine the relationship of COVID 19 and existing mental illness or history of mental illness, suicide prevention strategies and changes in overall suicide rates. RESULTS A total of 39 papers are summarised and grouped using the headings aetiological factors, proposed interventions to increase access and national policies to provide a framework for suicide prevention during pandemics such as COVID 19. This review indicates that 1) investing in active labour market programmes will result in a decreased suicide rate during times of high unemployment 2) People in low paid and casual jobs require specific support because they are most financially vulnerable during a pandemic related crisis 3) Women require specific support during a pandemic because of the type of employment they have and because they often carry a greater proportion of the domestic burden and are at increased risk of domestic violence during lockdown and crisis 4) Mental health and substance misuse services need to be appropriately funded and prioritised during and post pandemic, due to the associated increase in substance misuse during a pandemic causing worsening mental health and increased risk of suicide 5) National Suicide Prevention Strategies should be developed by all countries and should anticipate response to a range of disasters, including a pandemic 6) Suicide prevention is everybody's business and National Suicide Prevention Strategies should adopt a whole-systems approach including mental health services, primary care, social care, NGO's and other community stakeholders 7) Suicide is preventable 8) It is essential to prioritise suicide prevention strategies in the COVID and post-COVID period to ensure that lives are saved. DISCUSSION Increase in suicide is not inevitable and suicide prevention during pandemics and post COVID 19 pandemics requires a collaborative whole system approach. We require real time data to inform dynamic action planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ivbijaro
- NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal.,Faculty of Management, Law & Social Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.,The World Dignity Project.,World Federation for Mental Health.,The Wood Street Health Centre, London, UK
| | - Lucja Kolkiewicz
- NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal.,East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Todd Edwards
- NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal.,Marital and Family Therapy Program, University of San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michelle B Riba
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Depression Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Igor Švab
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jeffrey Geller
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yaccub Enum
- Public Health Specialist, London Borough of Barking and Dagenham, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
D'Onise K, Meena S, Venugopal K, Currie M, Kirkpatrick E, Hurley J, Nolan R, Brayley J, Atherton B, Spurrier N. Holistic approach supporting mental wellbeing of people in enforced quarantine in South Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aust N Z J Public Health 2021; 45:325-329. [PMID: 34097327 PMCID: PMC8209925 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the experience of quarantine for international arrivals to South Australia requiring quarantine in a medi-hotel setting during the COVID-19 pandemic and to describe the range of evidence-based support services to mitigate the mental health impacts of quarantine. METHODS A range of services targeted at physical and mental wellbeing were provided. Data from 533 adult respondents out of 721 passengers were included. The Kessler 10 was used to measure psychological distress at two time points. RESULTS About 7.1% of respondents reported psychological distress at time one, reduced to 2.4% at time two. There was no significant difference in psychological distress by gender at either time point. The mean K10 score at time one was 13.6 (standard deviation=5.2) and the mean score at time two was 11.5 (standard deviation=3.1), with a significant reduction in mean scores (p<0.001) between the two time points. CONCLUSIONS The level of psychological stress in repatriated Australians was low at arrival and improved further at the time of release from quarantine. Implications for public health: A collaborative multi-sector approach to provide support services for individuals in quarantine can mitigate risks to mental wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katina D'Onise
- Prevention and Population Health, Wellbeing, SA, South Australia
| | - Sonali Meena
- Health Protection and Licensing Services, Department for Health and Ageing, Government of South Australia,Correspondence to: Dr Sonali Meena, Health Protection and Licensing Services, Department for Health and Ageing, Government of South Australia, 11 Hindmarsh Square, Adelaide SA 5000
| | | | | | | | | | - Rebecca Nolan
- Prevention and Population Health, Wellbeing, SA, South Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Siette J, Seaman K, Dodds L, Ludlow K, Johnco C, Wuthrich V, Earl JK, Dawes P, Strutt P, Westbrook JI. A national survey on COVID-19 second-wave lockdowns on older adults' mental wellbeing, health-seeking behaviours and social outcomes across Australia. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:400. [PMID: 34193070 PMCID: PMC8243046 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of severe second lockdown measures on older adults’ wellbeing is unknown. We aimed to (i) identify the impact of the second lockdown that resulted from the second wave of COVID-19 cases on older Australians’ quality of life; (ii) compare the impact of second wave lockdowns in Victoria, Australia’s second most populous State, to those in other States and Territories not in lockdown. Methods A national cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older adults completed online questionnaires for quality of life, social networks, healthcare access, and perceived impact of COVID-19 between July to September 2020. Tobit regression was used to measure the relationships of healthcare service access and social networks with quality of life of older adults in Victoria compared to those in the rest of Australia. Results A total of 2,990 respondents (mean [SD] age, 67.3 [7.0]; 66.8 % female) participated. At time of data collection, Victoria’s second COVID-19 lockdown had been in force for an average 51.7 days. Median quality of life scores were significantly higher in Victoria compared to the rest of Australia (t2,827=2.25 p = 0.025). Being female (95 % CI, -0.051–0.020), having lower educational attainment (95 % CI, -0.089–-0.018), receiving government benefits (95 % CI, -0.054–-0.024), having small social networks (95 % CI, 0.006–0.009) and self-reported physical chronic health conditions were all independent predictors of lower quality of life. Conclusions Longer-term studies are required to provide more robust evidence of the impact as restrictions lift and normal social conventions return. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02352-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Siette
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia. .,Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia.
| | - Karla Seaman
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Laura Dodds
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Kristiana Ludlow
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Carly Johnco
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Viviana Wuthrich
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Joanne K Earl
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Piers Dawes
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia.,Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Paul Strutt
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia.,Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| | - Johanna I Westbrook
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, New South Wales, 2109, Macqaurie Park, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Boluarte-Carbajal A, Navarro-Flores A, Villarreal-Zegarra D. Explanatory Model of Perceived Stress in the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Peru During the COVID-19 Context. Front Psychol 2021; 12:673945. [PMID: 34248770 PMCID: PMC8264254 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.673945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic had negatively impact mental health worldwide. High prevalence of stress had been previously reported in populations during this context. Many theoretical frameworks had been proposed for explaining the stress process, we aim to proposed and explanatory model for the genesis of perceived stress in Peruvian general population. Method We conducted an online survey in Peruvian general population assessing sociodemographic variables and evaluating mental health conditions by using The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and a numerical rating scale (NRS) for fear of COVID-19. Correlation analysis was conducted for the variables of interest. Two regression models were constructed to explore related factor to the dimensions of perceived stress. Finally, a structural regression model was performed with the independent variables. Results Data of 210 individuals was analyzed. Ages ranged from 15 to 74 years and 39% were women. Additionally, 65.2% of the participants had at least one mental health conditions (depression, anxiety, or stress symptoms). Perceived self-efficacy and positive affect (PA) were correlated, as perceived helplessness with anxious symptoms and negative affect (NA). Regression analysis showed that sex, anxiety symptoms, and NA explained perceived helplessness while positive and NA explained self-efficacy. The structural regression model analysis identified that fear of COVID-19 (composed of fear of infecting others and fear of contagion), predicted mental health conditions (i.e., depressive or anxiety symptoms); also, mental health conditions were predicted by PA and NA. Perceived helplessness and Perceived self-efficacy were interrelated and represented the perceived stress variable. Conclusion We proposed an explanatory model of perceived stress based on two correlated dimensions (self-efficacy and helplessness) in the Peruvian general population during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, with two out of three individuals surveyed having at least one mental health condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alba Navarro-Flores
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
El síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS), cuyo agente causal es el Coronavirus SARS-CoV, surgió en 2003, sin embargo, a finales del 2019, se observó que un nuevo Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causaba una enfermedad similar a la influenza, denominada COVID-19 (acrónimo del inglés coronavirus disease 2019), la cual, presentaba desde síntomas respiratorios leves hasta lesiones pulmonares graves, y en algunos casos, cursando con insuficiencia multiorgánica y muerte 1,2,3.
Collapse
|