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Maggio MG, Corallo F, De Francesco M, De Cola MC, De Luca R, Manuli A, Quartarone A, Rizzo A, Calabrò RS. Understanding the family burden and caregiver role in stroke rehabilitation: insights from a retrospective study. Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07668-5. [PMID: 38958795 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07668-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke negatively impacts both patients and their families, who must face multiple changes after the onset of the disease. Family caregivers must face new problems with a possible sense of inadequacy, stress and burden. Our retrospective study aimed to assess the burden of caregivers during the rehabilitation process of patients with Stroke. MATERIAL AND METHOD This study included patients with a diagnosis of stroke and their caregiver, who attended the Day Hospital of the IRCCS Neurolesi Center "Bonino-Pulejo", Messina, Italy, between January 2018 and October 2019, using electronic recovery system data. The final sample consisted of 30 patients and their caregivers. RESULTS Significant improvements were observed in patients' cognitive and mood scores, reflecting the efficacy of rehabilitation therapies. Additionally, a correlation emerged between patients' reported anxiety levels and caregivers' reported depression levels, highlighting a dynamic interaction between the emotional states of the two groups. CONCLUSION The study highlights the intricate interplay between caregiver characteristics, patient outcomes, and family dynamics in the context of caregiving. Targeted interventions aimed at improving family resilience and coping mechanisms are crucial to optimizing the well-being of both caregivers and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Maggio
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, S.S. 113 Contrada Casazza, Messina, 98124, Italy
| | - Francesco Corallo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, S.S. 113 Contrada Casazza, Messina, 98124, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosaria De Luca
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, S.S. 113 Contrada Casazza, Messina, 98124, Italy
| | - Alfredo Manuli
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, Messina, 98120, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, S.S. 113 Contrada Casazza, Messina, 98124, Italy
| | - Amelia Rizzo
- University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, Messina, 98120, Italy
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2
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Jammal M, Kolt GS, Liu KPY, Dennaoui N, George ES. The impact of caregiving on the roles and valued activities of stroke carers: A systematic review of qualitative studies. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304501. [PMID: 38820455 PMCID: PMC11142509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the experiences of informal carers and the impact of role and activity changes on their health and wellbeing. METHODS A systematic search of CINHAL, MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and Web of Science was conducted. Studies were eligible if they included informal stroke carers (≥18 years), used a qualitative methodology, explored the roles and valued activities of stroke carers, and were published in English. The 10-item Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies was used to assess methodological quality. The results of the included studies were thematically synthesised. RESULTS A total of 36 qualitative studies were included and four overarching themes were identified: (1) Life adjustment; (2) Changing role and identity; (3) Changing activities: From meaningful to purposeful; and (4) Understanding and supporting carers. CONCLUSION The sudden nature of stroke requires major readjustment in the carers life that has implications on their relationships, roles, and activities, subsequently impacting on their health and wellbeing. Health professionals and researchers should collaborate with stroke carers to identify their valued activities and implement realistic strategies to maintain these activities. Future interventions designed for carers should implement education about the importance of participating in valued activities and strategies to maintain these activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Jammal
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gregory S. Kolt
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen P. Y. Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Nariman Dennaoui
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma S. George
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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3
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Calder A, Sole G, Mulligan H. Co-Design of an Educational Resource with Female Partners of Male Stroke Survivors to Support Physical Activity Participation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16856. [PMID: 36554747 PMCID: PMC9779113 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Many male stroke survivors find it challenging to meet the recommended physical activity (PA) guidelines for health benefits. The spouse/partner is an important source of self-management for stroke survivor PA participation; however, they feel unsupported by health professionals. This study aimed to co-design an educational resource prototype to guide and empower female partners in supporting male stroke survivors' participation in PA. We used a participatory action research (PAR) methodology. Thirteen support persons of male stroke survivors from Canterbury, New Zealand participated in four PAR cycles. The data were collected using individual interviews and focus groups and analyzed inductively using the general inductive approach. Three themes were reflected in the data and informed the prototype content: (1) managing an unwanted and challenging new life, (2) inconsistent access to meaningful information, and (3) considerations for successful stroke survivor PA participation. If partners are to be an essential source in supporting stroke survivors' self-management of PA, they require resources that are meaningful and credible to enhance their confidence and self-efficacy. Further research is needed to explore the acceptability and usability of the educational resource with a wider audience and evaluate the co-design process. An inclusive and collaborative approach where support persons were valued for their expertise was essential in co-designing a meaningful resource intended to support stroke survivors and support persons' self-management of their PA.
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4
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LaVela SL, Pedersen J, Ehrlich-Jones L, Heinemann AW. Informal caregivers' self-identified roles in facilitating health-promoting behaviours for weight management in community-dwelling care recipients living with spinal cord injury in the United States. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e1585-e1598. [PMID: 34595792 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Health providers often focus on secondary conditions and spend less time prioritising overweight/obesity care. Informal caregivers are well positioned to facilitate health-promoting behaviours of healthy eating and physical activity among community-dwelling care recipients with spinal cord injury (SCI) for prevention and management of overweight/obesity. Literature has typically focused on caregiver adjustment post-injury and burden related to their roles in secondary condition care. The novel objective of this study was to describe informal caregivers' perspectives of their roles in facilitating health-promoting weight management behaviours, healthy eating and physical activity, for care recipients with SCI. This was a qualitative study that used semi-structured interviews with informal caregivers for data collection in 2019. Braun & Clarke's established thematic phases were used for analysis. Participants included informal caregivers of individuals with SCI living in the community (n = 24). Caregivers identified eight themes to describe their role in facilitating weight management for care recipients. Themes included: (1) meal planning/shopping, (2) meal preparation/cooking, (3) using portion control, (4) serving/feeding, (5) helping the care recipient with physical activity and/or leisure activities, (6) mutually participating in weight management activities, (7) providing motivation and encouragement and (8) being an information liaison. In summary, informal caregivers have an intimate understanding of care recipients' needs and have insights on obstacles and enablers to health-promoting behaviours, making their involvement in facilitating weight management in individuals with SCI vital. Caregivers self-identified several significant roles for promoting weight management. This is especially valuable for conditions such as overweight/obesity for which prevention and treatment involve health-promoting behaviours that need consistent attention in the community setting. It is important to ensure that informal caregivers and care recipients have the information required in order to facilitate healthy eating and physical activity in persons with SCI and have opportunities for mutual dyadic participation when both partners are interested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri L LaVela
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jessica Pedersen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Midwest Regional SCI Care System (MRSCICS), Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (SRAlab), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Linda Ehrlich-Jones
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Midwest Regional SCI Care System (MRSCICS), Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (SRAlab), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Allen W Heinemann
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Midwest Regional SCI Care System (MRSCICS), Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (SRAlab), Chicago, Illinois, USA
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5
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Challenges to Engaging Older Adults in a Group-Based Walking Intervention: Lessons From the Residents in Action Trial. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:788-798. [PMID: 34929662 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This qualitative research explored older adults' perceptions of participating in group-based walking programs set in independent-living retirement village contexts. Semistructured interviews were conducted with a subset of participants from the Residents in Action Trial. Data were analyzed through a combination of deductive and inductive thematic analysis. Findings were interpreted from a social identity perspective. Five themes were identified: (a) varying levels of social cohesion in retirement villages; (b) degree of shared identity between residents; (c) health, mobility, and preferred pace; (d) devotion to spouse; and (e) busy lives. When designing group-based walking interventions in retirement villages, it is important to consider community-level social cohesion and degree of relatedness between village residents. When attempting to build a sense of shared identity and relatedness between group members, researchers and policy makers should consider differing backgrounds, capabilities, schedules, and interests of participants.
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Doyle KL, Toepfer M, Bradfield AF, Noffke A, Ausderau KK, Andreae S, Pickett KA. Systematic Review of Exercise for Caregiver-Care Recipient Dyads: What Is Best for Spousal Caregivers-Exercising Together or Not at All? THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 61:e283-e301. [PMID: 32614050 PMCID: PMC8361501 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Though exercise for care recipients receives considerable emphasis, few dyadic studies focus on caregivers. This systematic review identified dyadic exercise interventions, which measured outcomes for older adult caregivers. Studies that met inclusion criteria were examined to better understand whether caregivers derived greater benefit from exercising with care recipients, or not exercising at all. Research Design and Methods PRISMA guidelines were followed to identify quantitative studies of dyadic exercise interventions in which caregivers enrolled with care recipients, and either coparticipated in exercise; or while their care recipients exercised independently, caregivers received a separate, nonexercise intervention or usual care (UC). To be included, studies had to measure physical or psychosocial outcomes for caregivers. Study quality was assessed via the Downs and Black checklist. Results Eleven studies met inclusion criteria. In six, the dyad exercised; in five, care recipients exercised while caregivers received a separate program, or UC. Results suggest that caregivers may improve both psychosocial and physical health when exercising together with care recipients. Caregivers who did not exercise but received a separate, nonexercise intervention, such as support, education, or respite, showed psychosocial benefits. Those who received UC were less likely to derive physical or psychosocial benefits. Included studies were fair to good quality with moderate to high risk of bias. Discussion and Implications Often examined secondarily, caregivers are overlooked for participation in interventions with care recipients. This analysis suggests that caregivers may benefit from dyadic interventions in which they either exercise together with their care recipients or receive a separate nonexercise intervention or respite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecia L Doyle
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Max Toepfer
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | | | - Alicia Noffke
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Karla K Ausderau
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Susan Andreae
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Kristen A Pickett
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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7
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A Systematic Review on the Prevalence of Physical Activity, and Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity, in Informal Carers in the United Kingdom. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:212-218. [PMID: 33485270 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that 17% of the UK adult population are informal carers, usually for a family member, with a majority reporting that they are not able to engage in physical activity as much as they would like. The aim of this review is to provide a greater understanding of the prevalence of, and barriers and facilitators to, physical activity of informal carers in the United Kingdom. METHODS A systematic review of relevant databases and grey literature was undertaken, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidance, from its inception until July 17, 2020. RESULTS Barriers to physical activity include increasing aging, not wanting to leave the caree alone, the caree being unable to take part in activities, health conditions, fatigue, lack of time, and difficulties in changing the routine for the caree. Facilitators include an appreciation of the benefits of engaging in exercise, previous participation in activities, group activities with similar people, and having some free time. CONCLUSIONS Due to the paucity of research into the prevalence of, and barriers and facilitators to, physical activity in informal carers in the United Kingdom, this systematic review highlights the need for further research, focusing primarily on the physical activity of informal carers caring for individuals with a range of conditions. A further systematic review exploring these issues internationally is warranted.
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8
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Jellema S, Bakker K, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, van der Sande R, Steultjens EM. The role of the social network during inpatient rehabilitation: A qualitative study exploring the views of older stroke survivors and their informal caregivers. Top Stroke Rehabil 2021; 29:30-39. [PMID: 33427602 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1871285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After discharge, stroke survivors and their informal caregivers need support from their social networks to resume their most valued activities. Rehabilitation professionals could help them establish a strong support system. OBJECTIVE Explore how older stroke survivors and their primary informal caregivers expect to resume their valued activities after discharge, and discover their ideas about involving, informing and educating their family members, friends and important others during inpatient rehabilitation so that, once home, they will have adequate support. METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews with stroke survivors from three geriatric rehabilitation centres and their primary informal caregivers, used the pictures of daily activities to elicit their perspectives, and applied a descriptive and interpretive design to data analysis. RESULTS Many participants had no concrete idea about how to resume their activities after discharge but nevertheless were optimistic they would. They expected help to be available and saw no need for professionals to involve their network during inpatient rehabilitation. However, once they had insight into the challenges to expect after discharge, they often appreciated the idea of professionals contacting their network. To better understand the challenges after discharge, it was helpful if professionals provided concrete, honest information about the stroke's consequences for daily life. Actually doing daily activities also helped gain better insights. CONCLUSIONS To enhance insight in the need of social support after discharge, we suggest that rehabilitation professionals are honest about what to expect and let stroke survivors explore their valued activities in a realistic context more often.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jellema
- IQ Healthcare, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,School of Allied Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Bakker
- Department of Rehabilitation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria W G Nijhuis-van der Sanden
- IQ Healthcare, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,School of Allied Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Rehabilitation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob van der Sande
- School of Allied Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Mj Steultjens
- School of Allied Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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9
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Lobo EH, Frølich A, Kensing F, Rasmussen LJ, Livingston PM, Grundy J, Abdelrazek M. mHealth applications to support caregiver needs and engagement during stroke recovery: A content review. Res Nurs Health 2020; 44:213-225. [PMID: 33341958 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Caregiving in stroke results in severe physical, psychological, and social impacts on the caregiver. Over the past few years, researchers have explored the use of mHealth technologies to support healthcare-related activities due to their ability to provide real-time care at any given place or time. The purpose of this content review is to investigate mHealth apps in supporting stroke caregiving engagement based on three aspects: motivation, value, and satisfaction. We searched app stores and repositories for apps related to stroke caregiving published up to September 2020. Extracted apps were reviewed and filtered using inclusion criteria, and then downloaded onto compatible devices to determine eligibility. Results were compared with evidence-based frameworks to identify the ability of these apps in engaging and supporting the caregiver. Forty-seven apps were included in this review that enabled caregivers to support their needs, such as adjustment to new roles and relationships, involvement in care and caring for oneself using several different functionalities. These functionalities include information resources, risk assessment, remote monitoring, data sharing, reminders and so on. However, no single app was identified that focuses on all aspects of stroke caregiving. We also identified several challenges faced by users through their reviews and the factors associated with value and satisfaction. Our findings can add to the knowledge of existing mHealth technologies and their functionalities to support stroke caregiving needs, and the importance of considering user engagement in the design. They can be used by developers and researchers looking to design better mHealth apps for stroke caregiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton H Lobo
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Frølich
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Innovation and Research Centre for Multimorbidity, Slagelse Hospital, Region Zealand, Denmark
| | - Finn Kensing
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene J Rasmussen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - John Grundy
- Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohamed Abdelrazek
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Morrison V, Williams K. Gaining Longitudinal Accounts of Carers' Experiences Using IPA and Photograph Elicitation. Front Psychol 2020; 11:521382. [PMID: 33343434 PMCID: PMC7746611 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.521382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluctuations in positive and negative caregiving experiences remain only partially explained as the significant variability over time of potential predictive factors themselves is understudied. The current study aims to gain considerable insight into caregiving experiences and perceptions over time by using photovoice methodology to support semi-structured interviews. A case study, longitudinal design is taken with three female caregivers who provide detailed insight into their caregivers' experiences over a 12 month period. The interview transcripts were analyzed using IPA- Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. This innovative combination of methods resulted in the emergence of three related themes which included consuming the role, feeling consumed by the role, and letting go of the role. The idiographic approach taken allowed both within case differences to be examined over time, and also between carer differences to be highlighted. Implications of illness type and its characteristics, and of attachment and relationship quality with the care recipient were seen in terms of how and when the caregivers moved between the themes identified. The use of others' support or respite care is examined vis-a vis caregiver's own beliefs, emotions, relationship attachment and motivations to care. Caregivers self-efficacy beliefs also shifted over time and were influential in caregiver experience as the care recipient condition or needs changed. No previous studies have found that negative caregiving consequences are, in part, under volitional control and yet our data on the underlying reasons for consuming caregiving or allowing themselves to consume, would suggest this may in part be true. This is important because it suggests that interventions to support caregivers should address relational and motivational factors more fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Val Morrison
- School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
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11
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Kalavina R, Chisati E, Mlenzana N, Wazakili M. The challenges and experiences of stroke patients and their spouses in Blantyre, Malawi. Malawi Med J 2020; 31:112-117. [PMID: 31452843 PMCID: PMC6698623 DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v31i2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second major cause of death and disability worldwide. Most stroke survivors experience various challenges due to physical and mental impairments which increase the burden on spouses during care. The broad aim of this study was to explore the challenges and experiences of stroke patients and their spouses during and after rehabilitation at the Rehabilitation Centre in Blantyre, Malawi.
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12
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Kokorelias KM, Lu FKT, Santos JR, Xu Y, Leung R, Cameron JI. "Caregiving is a full-time job" impacting stroke caregivers' health and well-being: A qualitative meta-synthesis. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2020; 28:325-340. [PMID: 31769128 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Family caregivers contribute to the sustainability of healthcare systems. Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability and many people with stroke rely on caregiver support to return home and remain in the community. Research has demonstrated the importance of caregivers, but suggests that caregiving can have adverse consequences. Despite the body of qualitative stroke literature, there is little clarity about how to incorporate these findings into clinical practice. This review aimed to characterise stroke caregivers' experiences and the impact of these experiences on their health and well-being. We conducted a qualitative meta-synthesis. Four electronic databases were searched to identify original qualitative research examining stroke caregivers' experiences. In total, 4,481 citations were found, with 39 studies remaining after removing duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusions criteria. Articles were appraised for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP), coded using NVivo software, and analysed through thematic synthesis. One overarching theme, 'caregiving is a full-time job' was identified, encompassing four sub-themes: (a) restructured life, (b) altered relationships, (c) physical challenges, and (d) psychosocial challenges. Community and institution-based clinicians should be aware of the physical and psychosocial consequences of caregiving and provide appropriate supports, such as education and respite, to optimise caregiver health and well-being. Future research may build upon this study to identify caregivers in most need of support and the types of support needed across a broad range of health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Kokorelias
- Faculty of Medicine, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fiana K T Lu
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Santos
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robin Leung
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jill I Cameron
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Jellema S, Wijnen MAM, Steultjens EMJ, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, van der Sande R. Valued activities and informal caregiving in stroke: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2018; 41:2223-2234. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1460625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jellema
- Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Health Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mandy A. M. Wijnen
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther M. J. Steultjens
- Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria W. G. Nijhuis-van der Sanden
- Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Health Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob van der Sande
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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Qiu X, Sit JWH, Koo FK. The influence of Chinese culture on family caregivers of stroke survivors: A qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2017; 27:e309-e319. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xichenhui Qiu
- The Nethersole School of Nursing; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong
| | - Janet W H Sit
- The Nethersole School of Nursing; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin Hong Kong
| | - Fung Kuen Koo
- Sydney Nursing School; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
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15
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Shook R, Stanton S. Patients' and caregivers' self-perceived stroke education needs in inpatient rehabilitation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2016. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2016.23.6.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Shook
- Clinical specialist, Neurological Rehabilitation, Providence Health Care Clinical Instructor, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sue Stanton
- Director, Rehabilitation Science Online Programs and Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Prout EC, Mansfield A, McIlroy WE, Brooks D. Patients’ perspectives on aerobic exercise early after stroke. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 39:684-690. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1161833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik C. Prout
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (University Health Network), Toronto, Canada
| | - Avril Mansfield
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (University Health Network), Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - William E. McIlroy
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (University Health Network), Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dina Brooks
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (University Health Network), Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Canada
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17
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Atler K, Moravec A, Seidle JS, Manns A, Stephans L. Caregivers’ Experiences Derived from Everyday Occupations. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/02703181.2015.1120843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Taha S, Sassine Kazan R. La signification de l’expérience du « prendre soin » pour des aidants familiaux libanais de survivants d’accident vasculaire cérébral à domicile. Rech Soins Infirm 2015. [DOI: 10.3917/rsi.120.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Kniepmann K. Family Caregiving for Husbands with Stroke: An Occupational Perspective on Leisure in the Stress Process. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2014; 34:131-40. [DOI: 10.3928/15394492-20140325-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study adapted the Stress Process Model with occupational assessments to identify stress, leisure changes, burden levels, and health-related quality of life in 20 caregivers of working-age husbands with mild to moderate stroke in the past 2 years. Primary stress was based on participants' perceptions of their husbands' functional behavior skills. Secondary strain was indicated by reduction of leisure activities that the caregivers wished to still do or do more—a phenomena labeled Leisure Loss. Outcomes were burden and health-related quality of life. Wives whose husbands had more functional behavior difficulties experienced significantly more Leisure Loss. Wives with Leisure Loss had significantly higher burden scores than those who continued their leisure participation, but health-related quality of life scores were not different. These findings suggest that leisure participation is important as health promotion for family caregivers, with potential to enhance health of the relative with stroke and the entire family.
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20
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Van Dongen I, Josephsson S, Ekstam L. Changes in daily occupations and the meaning of work for three women caring for relatives post-stroke. Scand J Occup Ther 2014; 21:348-58. [DOI: 10.3109/11038128.2014.903995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. While health services focus on the needs of diagnosed persons, families provide extensive informal care with diverse effects on daily life and health. Understanding caregivers' experience is critical to support their health and sustained contributions. This exploratory study examined how caring for partners with stroke and aphasia impacts caregivers' activities, identifying possible differences according to race/ethnicity through the lens of occupation. Method: Mixed methods identified the occupational impact of caring for a partner with stroke and aphasia. Twelve participants completed the Carer Communication Outcome After Stroke, Occupational Gaps Questionnaire, Activity Card Sort, and a semi-structured interview. Findings: The impact of aphasia on caregivers varied greatly. The Occupational Gaps Questionnaire revealed gaps in cultural activities. On the Activity Card Sort, caregivers experienced occupational loss, primarily in low-demand leisure and social activities. Six themes emerged from the interviews: personal factors, finding new equilibrium, participation barriers, compensations for aphasia, uncertainty, and obligations. Trends differed somewhat by race/ethnicity. Conclusion: Findings have implications for health professionals working with individuals with stroke and aphasia. The caregivers' experience deserves attention to support their quality of life and wellbeing, which can promote sustained assistance for their relatives with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Kniepmann
- Instructor in Occupational Therapy and Neurology, Washington University in St Louis — Occupational Therapy St Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Molly Harlacker Cupler
- Occupational Therapist, Clinical Associates of the Finger Lakes, Victor, NY, United States
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22
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Salbach NM, O'Brien K, Evans C, Yoshida K. Dissemination of student research in a canadian master of science in physical therapy programme. Physiother Can 2014; 65:154-7. [PMID: 24403678 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2012-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the extent of presentation and publication, as well as time to publication, of student research completed as a component of a Master of Science in Physical Therapy (MScPT) degree at a Canadian university. METHOD The authors conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of MScPT research projects completed between 2003 and 2009, each undertaken by a group of MScPT students who carried out protocol development, ethics submission, data collection, analysis, and manuscript and poster preparation under the supervision of research advisors. Research advisors were e-mailed a request for citations of presentations and publications. RESULTS Advisors from 102 of 113 research projects completed from 2003 through 2009 provided information, for a response rate of 90.3%. Of the 102 groups, 53.9% disseminated findings through publication or presentation, 33.3% presented at one or more conferences, and 30.4% published at least one peer-reviewed journal article. Median time to publication was 21 months. Almost half the journal articles (47%) were published in Physiotherapy Canada. CONCLUSIONS MScPT student research groups are disseminating their findings through publication or presentation at a moderate rate. Investigation of factors influencing dissemination is needed to develop strategies to facilitate knowledge transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy M Salbach
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Kelly O'Brien
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Cathy Evans
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Karen Yoshida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
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23
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Quinn K, Murray CD, Malone C. The experience of couples when one partner has a stroke at a young age: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2013; 36:1670-8. [PMID: 24328433 DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2013.866699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide and affects a significant number of working age adults each year. The consequences of stroke impact upon both young stroke survivors and their partners and this study aimed to qualitatively explore their joint experience. METHODS Eight joint semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using IPA. RESULTS Three themes were identified: (1) "How's this happened?"--Making sense of the stroke; (2) "Is this what life is going to be like now?"--From partners to carer and "cared for"; (3) "I lost being a man. I was a little boy, being looked after all the time"--From partners to parent and child. CONCLUSIONS Stroke at a young age can significantly disrupt couples' life biographies. The findings highlight the need for both partners to adapt to their reciprocal relationship role changes and the importance of addressing the couple as a focus for intervention. Implications for Rehabilitation Stroke at a young age is an abrupt event that impacts upon both partners in a relationship. The findings add insight to some of the issues faced by young stroke survivors and their partners, which can now be considered in tailoring treatment to this specific cohort within the context of services predominated by older adults. The findings highlight significant relationship role changes experienced within couples, which suggests a need for rehabilitation interventions to focus on the adjustment of both partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Quinn
- Division of Health Research, Lancaster University , Lancaster , United Kingdom and
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24
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Quinn K, Murray C, Malone C. Spousal experiences of coping with and adapting to caregiving for a partner who has a stroke: a meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Disabil Rehabil 2013; 36:185-98. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2013.783630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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25
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Herrera AP, Mendez-Luck CA, Crist JD, Smith ML, Warre R, Ory MG, Markides K. Psychosocial and cognitive health differences by caregiver status among older Mexican Americans. Community Ment Health J 2013; 49:61-72. [PMID: 22311331 PMCID: PMC3491112 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-012-9494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study identifies the risk and protective factors associated with informal caregiving by older (≥70 years) Mexican Americans and profiles caregiving arrangements. Overall, a greater number of informal caregivers (n = 92) were married and female. They also had higher physical functioning and better cognition than non-caregivers (n = 1,888) but fewer visited a physician regularly. Informal caregivers also showed an increased risk of depressive symptoms. A third of caregivers spent more than 20 h/day caregiving and the majority (84%) of care recipients were family members. In order to support the efforts of this disproportionately burdened caregiver group, increased social support and healthcare services are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica P Herrera
- Department of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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