1
|
Owen MM, Workman CD, Angileri HS, Terry MA, Tjong VK. Musculoskeletal injuries during trail sports: Sex- and age-specific analyses over 20 years from a national injury database. Wilderness Environ Med 2024; 35:138-146. [PMID: 38454756 DOI: 10.1177/10806032241234029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries in US trail sports are understudied as trail sport popularity grows. This study describes MSK injury patterns among hikers, trail runners, and mountain bikers from 2002 through 2021 and investigates MSK injury trends acquired during mountain sports. METHODS The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was used to identify US emergency department (ED) patients from 2002-2021 (inclusive) who endured MSK injuries during hiking, trail running, or mountain biking. Injury rates and national estimates were calculated across demographics. RESULTS 9835 injuries were included (48.4% male, 51.6% female). Injuries increased over time, with 1213 from 2002-2005 versus 2417 from 2018-2021. No sex differences existed before 2010, after which female injury rates exceeded those of males. The following findings were statistically significant, with P<0.05: females endured more fractures and strains/sprains; males endured more lacerations; concussions and head injuries were higher among those <18 y; dislocations and strains/sprains were higher for 18 to 65 y; fractures were higher for >65 y; <18 y had high mountain-biking and low running rates; 18 to 65 y had high running rates; and >65 y had low biking and running rates. Although all diagnoses increased in number over time, no significant differences existed in the proportion of any given diagnosis relative to total injuries. CONCLUSIONS MSK injuries during trail sports have increased since 2002. Males endured more injuries until 2009, after which females endured more. Significant sex and age differences were found regarding injury diagnosis and body parts. Further studies are needed to confirm these trends and their causes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline M Owen
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Connor D Workman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Michael A Terry
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Vehniah K Tjong
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chalmers T, Maharaj S, Lal S. Associations Between Workplace Factors and Depression and Anxiety in Australian Heavy Vehicle Truck Drivers. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 65:581-590. [PMID: 33889944 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A number of health issues have been identified as prevalent within the Australian heavy vehicle driving population. Mental illnesses, such as depression and anxiety, are among those disorders that have been regularly reported, however, the contributing factors are yet to be elucidated. METHODS This study aimed to assess the associations between workplace factors such as years of employment, social interaction and shift length, with depressive and anxious symptomology in a cohort of 60 Australian heavy vehicle drivers. RESULTS Significant positive associations were identified between depression and alcohol use (P = 0.044), coffee consumption (P = 0.037), number of accidents during career (P = < 0.004), and number of hours driving per shift (P ≤ 0.001). Anxiety was found to be positively associated with a number of hours driving per week (P ≤ 0.001), and the number of accidents or near misses during a driving career (P = 0.039). CONCLUSION Several workplace factors were identified as being correlated to depression or anxiety within this cohort, suggesting potential changes to rostering systems and education regarding alcohol use may benefit the mental health of this driver population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taryn Chalmers
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shamona Maharaj
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mirabitur E, Peterson KE, Rathz C, Matlen S, Kasper N. Predictors of college-student food security and fruit and vegetable intake differ by housing type. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2016; 64:555-564. [PMID: 27414196 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2016.1192543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed whether college-student characteristics associate with food security and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and whether these associations differ in students in housing with and without food provision. PARTICIPANTS 514 randomly-sampled students from a large, Midwestern, public university in 2012 and 2013 METHODS: Ordered logistic regression tested how student characteristics associate with food security. Linear regression tested how student characteristics associate with FV intake. Analyses were stratified by housing type - that is, housing with food provision (dormitory, fraternity/sorority house, cooperative) vs. housing without food provision. RESULTS Only among those living in housing without food provision, males (p = 0.04), students without car access (p = 0.005), and those with marginal (p = 0.001) or low (p = 0.001) food security demonstrated lower FV intake. CONCLUSIONS Housing with food provision may buffer the effects of student characteristics on food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Mirabitur
- a College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Karen E Peterson
- b Department of Nutritional Sciences , University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
- c Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Colleen Rathz
- a College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Stacey Matlen
- d Department of Health Behavior and Health Education , University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Nicole Kasper
- a College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
- b Department of Nutritional Sciences , University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
- e Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics , University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , Colorado , USA
- f Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reigeluth CS, Pollastri AR, Cardemil EV, Addis ME. "Mad Scared" versus "I Was Sad": Emotional expression and response in urban adolescent males. J Adolesc 2016; 49:232-43. [PMID: 27124423 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Decades of masculinity research have concluded that society places higher demands on males to adhere to norms for low emotional expression; yet, countless studies find that emotional expression is integral to well-being. Unfortunately, this contradiction places boys and men in a tenuous position as they must navigate a bombardment of societal messages about the importance of emotional stoicism and invincibility. For urban adolescents, the situation is more complicated as they encounter environmental stressors that place greater emphasis on projecting a tough façade. Thus, our primary aim was to assess to what degree dyads of close adolescent male friends from urban, low-income neighborhoods are able to engage in emotional expression and response and to explore some of the underlying mechanisms and interpersonal processes. Qualitative findings from our sample suggest that urban boys exhibit a wide range of behaviors when participating in dyadic emotional disclosure and response, including being highly emotionally expressive and supportive in the context of close male friendship.
Collapse
|
5
|
Saunders DR, Holt CL, Le D, Slade JL, Muwwakkil B, Savoy A, Williams R, Whitehead TL, Wang MQ, Naslund MJ. Recruitment and Participation of African American Men in Church-Based Health Promotion Workshops. J Community Health 2015; 40:1300-10. [PMID: 26089253 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-015-0054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Health promotion interventions in African American communities are frequently delivered in church settings. The Men's Prostate Awareness Church Training (M-PACT) intervention aimed to increase informed decision making for prostate cancer screening among African American men through their churches. Given the significant proportion and role of women in African American churches, the M-PACT study examined whether including women in the intervention approach would have an effect on study outcomes compared with a men-only approach. The current analysis discusses the men's participation rates in the M-PACT intervention, which consisted of a series of 4 bimonthly men's health workshops in 18 African American churches. Data suggest that once enrolled, retention rates for men ranged from 62 to 69 % over the workshop series. Among the men who were encouraged to invite women in their lives (e.g., wife/partner, sister, daughter, friend) to the workshops with them, less than half did so (46 %), suggesting under-implementation of this "health partner" approach. Finally, men's participation in the mixed-sex workshops were half the rate as compared to the men-only workshops. We describe recruitment techniques, lessons learned, and possible reasons for the observed study group differences in participation, in order to inform future interventions to reach men of color with health information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darlene R Saunders
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, 2369 School of Public Health Building (255), College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Cheryl L Holt
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, 2369 School of Public Health Building (255), College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Daisy Le
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, 2369 School of Public Health Building (255), College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Jimmie L Slade
- Community Ministry Prince of George's County, Upper Marlboro, MD, USA
| | - Bettye Muwwakkil
- Access to Wholistic and Productive Living Institute, Inc., Lanham, MD, USA
| | - Alma Savoy
- Community Ministry Prince of George's County, Upper Marlboro, MD, USA
| | - Ralph Williams
- Access to Wholistic and Productive Living Institute, Inc., Lanham, MD, USA
| | - Tony L Whitehead
- Department of Anthropology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Min Qi Wang
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, 2369 School of Public Health Building (255), College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sieverding M, Kendel F. [Gender (role) aspects in doctor-patient communication]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2012; 55:1118-24. [PMID: 22936479 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-012-1543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aspects of gender and gender roles are important factors influencing the interactions between physicians and their patients. On the one hand, gender roles have an impact on the behavior of the patients, such as in health care utilization or use of preventive examinations. On the other hand, gender issues influence doctors' actions with respect to communication, diagnosis, and treatment. Here, a gender bias may lead to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment. In this paper certain pertinent aspects of gender roles in the doctor-patient relationship are discussed and illustrated by empirical findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sieverding
- Institut für Psychologie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stock ML, Peterson LM, Houlihan AE, Walsh LA. Influence of oral sex and oral cancer information on young adults' oral sexual-risk cognitions and likelihood of HPV vaccination. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2012; 50:95-102. [PMID: 22236342 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2011.642904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Public health information and educational interventions regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) have focused on the link between vaginal sex and cervical cancer among women. Many people are unaware that HPV can be transmitted through oral sex or that HPV causes oral cancers. Given that HPV infections and unprotected oral sex are increasing, research on oral sex-related HPV risk is important. This study examined the effect of a brief informational intervention regarding HPV and oral sex on the sexual risk cognitions of young adults. College students (N = 238) read information on HPV, oral sex, and oral cancer or no information. Participants then completed measures of oral sex and HPV knowledge, oral sex willingness, HPV vaccination likelihood, and risk perceptions. Participants who read the information on HPV and oral sex and cancer (compared to those who did not) reported greater knowledge, perceived risk and concern, and lower willingness to engage in oral sex. These effects were only significant among women. However, men reported a higher likelihood of future HPV vaccination compared to women who had not yet received the vaccine. Focusing on oral sex and cancer, this study adds to research investigating ways to reduce HPV infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Stock
- Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Redfern RC, Dewitte SN. A new approach to the study of Romanization in Britain: a regional perspective of cultural change in late iron age and roman dorset using the siler and gompertz-makeham models of mortality. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2010; 144:269-85. [PMID: 20925081 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This is the first study of health in the Roman Empire to use the Siler and Gompertz-Makeham models of mortality to investigate the health consequences of the 43 AD conquest of Britain. The study examined late Iron Age and Romano-British populations (N = 518) from Dorset, England, which is the only region of Britain to display continuity in inhumation burial practice and cemetery use throughout the two periods. Skeletal evidence for frailty was assessed using cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis, periosteal lesions, enamel hypoplasia, dental caries, tuberculosis, and rickets. These health variables were chosen for analysis because they are reliable indicators of general health for diachronic comparison (Steckel and Rose: The backbone of history: health and nutrition in the western hemisphere (2002)) and are associated with the introduction of urbanism in Britain during the Roman period (Redfern: J Rom Archaeol Supp Series 64 (2007) 171-194; Redfern: Britannia 39 (2008a) 161-191; Roberts and Cox: Health and disease in Britain: from prehistory to the present day (2003)). The results show that levels of frailty and mortality were lower in the late Iron Age period, and no sex differences in mortality was present. However, post-conquest, mortality risk increased for children and the elderly, and particularly for men. The latter finding challenges received wisdom concerning the benefits of incorporation into the Empire and the higher status of the male body in the Roman world. Therefore, we conclude that the consequences of urbanism, changes in diet, and increased population heterogeneity negatively impacted health, to the extent that the enhanced cultural buffering of men did not outweigh underlying sex differences in biology that advantage women.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
O'Brien R, Hunt K, Hart G. 'The average Scottish man has a cigarette hanging out of his mouth, lying there with a portion of chips': prospects for change in Scottish men's constructions of masculinity and their health-related beliefs and behaviours. CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2009; 19:363-381. [PMID: 20352030 PMCID: PMC2845931 DOI: 10.1080/09581590902939774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Men's apparent resistance to recommended health practices and their engagement with 'high-risk' behaviours has been associated with an increased risk of morbidity or mortality. Recent work has highlighted the need to think critically about the health-promoting behaviours that men appear reluctant to engage in, as well as examining those they embrace, and explore the gendered meanings that men attribute to their beliefs and behaviours. This article presents men's discussions of the 'practices of masculinity' and examines their relation to, and implications for, men's health-related behaviours as articulated in 15 focus group discussions (59 participants in total). The data capture both the experiences of men who felt pressured to engage in behaviours that may be harmful to their health in order to appear masculine and the accounts of those who regarded themselves as freer to embrace salutogenic health practices. Less is known about the circumstances that might encourage men to re-think their engagement in performances of masculinity that have potentially detrimental effects on their health. The data presented here suggest that ageing, illness, and fatherhood were some of the experiences that prompted men to re-evaluate their health practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. O'Brien
- Department of Primary Health Care, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - K. Hunt
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - G. Hart
- Department of Primary Care and Population Studies, Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|