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Li S, Yu N, Tang Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wu H, Li X, Liu Y. Pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability study of two cefquinome sulfate intramammary infusions in cow milk. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1384076. [PMID: 38528872 PMCID: PMC10962211 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1384076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, two intramammary infusions of cefquinome sulfate were investigated for pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. Twelve lactating cows for each group were administered an effective dose of 75 mg/gland for cefquinome, with milk samples collected at various time intervals. The concentrations of cefquinome in milk at different times were determined by the UPLC-MS/MS method. Analyses of noncompartmental pharmacokinetics were conducted on the concentration of cefquinome in milk. Mean pharmacokinetic parameters of group A and group B following intramammary administration were as follows: AUClast 300558.57 ± 25052.78 ng/mL and 266551.3 ± 50654.85 ng/mL, Cmax 51786.35 ± 11948.4 ng/mL and 59763.7 ± 8403.2 ng/mL, T1/2 5.69 ± 0.62 h and 5.25 ± 1.62 h, MRT 7.43 ± 0.79 h and 4.8 ± 0.78 h, respectively. Pharmacokinetic experiments showed that the relative bioavailability of group B was 88.69% that of group A. From our findings, group B (3 g: 75 mg) shows a quicker drug elimination process than group A (8 g: 75 mg), which suggests that the withdrawal period for the new formulation may be shorter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Yu
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoxin Tang
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunshuang Liu
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiubo Li
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Carvalho ALMA, Nascimento Neto JDP, Carvalho TBT, Lima Neto HR, Victali RM, Chalfun LHL. Intramammary treatment of clinical mastitis quarters with ceftiofur does not cause anbiotic residues in adjacent untreated quarters. J DAIRY RES 2024; 91:73-75. [PMID: 38361414 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029924000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The study was carried out in dairy cows to elucidate whether treatment of clinical mastitis quarters with Spectramast® LC (ceftiofur hydrochloride, 125 mg, Zoetis) created a reason for discarding milk from adjacent untreated healthy quarters. The antibiotic was infused once daily in the affected mammary quarter for four days. Forty-nine cows were evaluated after diagnosis of clinical mastitis in three or fewer udder quarters. In all cases, quarters that did not receive treatment had milk samples collected one day after the end of treatment. All milk samples from untreated quarters were below the maximum permissible limit for the presence of antibiotic residues after analysis with the BetaStar S Combo test. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics may explain this finding. We conclude that it is feasible to use milk from untreated quarters of animals that have been treated with Spectramast® LC. We also reiterate the need to carry out tests with other pharmacological bases, and that the results found in this experiment cannot be extrapolated to other drugs.Dairy cattle have considerable importance in the development of the Brazilian economy, being directly linked to economic and social progress. In the first half of 2020, 12.1 billion liters of milk were produced in Brazil and in 2019, there was a new record of 25.01 billion liters produced (IBGE, 2020). This production comes from a wide variety of production systems, coming from smallholder farmers as well as from large companies that use the latest technologies available on the market. Dairy production is a complex activity. For one to obtain economical success, several aspects must be monitored. Maintaining the health of animals is a top priority, and the literature suggests that various diseases are a common challenge for dairy producers. Mastitis is the main disease that affects dairy cows, responsible for considerable economic loss and significant zootechnical and productive challenges (Ruegg, ). It is considered the second leading cause of cow culling in dairy herds, behind reproductive problems. Mastitis is characterized by infection of the mammary gland and may or may not occur with inflammation, generating changes in the mammary tissue and properties of the milk. It is classifield into clinical or subclinical mastitis, according to presence or absence of clinical signs, and into contagious or environmental based on the causative agent (Correa et al., ).
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Wilm J, Svennesen L, Kirkeby C, Krömker V. Treatment of clinically severe bovine mastitis - a scoping review. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1286461. [PMID: 38313061 PMCID: PMC10834645 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1286461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is a major health problem for bovines and can be categorized as non-severe or severe, based on clinical symptoms. A severe case of clinical mastitis is usually defined by the cow being affected systemically. It is important to consider how to handle severe cases because these cases can be fatal and cause high production losses. However, there are generally few detailed treatment guidelines. By conducting a scoping review on the topic, we aimed to synthesize the information that is available on treatment and outcomes, as reported from clinical trials and observational studies. This was facilitated by following the PRISMA-guidelines with a stepwise systematic screening of scientific literature on the subject, retrieved via Pubmed and Web of Science, using pre-defined selection criteria. The results yielded a total of 14 reports of treatment and outcomes in cases of naturally occurring severe clinical mastitis. Cross-trial comparison was difficult due to the different exclusion criteria and outcome definitions. Many studies focused on cases caused by gram-negative bacteria treated with intensive antibiotic protocols, often containing antibiotics that are categorized as critical for human health. Few focused on severe cases caused by gram-positive bacteria or on the relative use of non-antibiotic treatment. In general, only a small number of statistically significant differences were found in trials comparing different treatment protocols, with no obvious trends across trials. Our findings emphasize the need for more research into the treatment efficacy of antibiotic and non-antibiotic options for clinically severe mastitis. Furthermore, consideration of how trial conditions relate to the practical circumstances in a field setting could improve the applicability of reported results. This could help to provide practitioners with the information needed to make evidence-based treatment decisions in cases of clinically severe mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensine Wilm
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Svennesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Volker Krömker
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Cashin K, Martinez S, Magnin G, Nevarez JG. PHARMACOKINETICS OF SINGLE INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION OF CEFTIOFUR CRYSTALLINE FREE ACID IN AMERICAN ALLIGATORS ( ALLIGATOR MISSISSIPPIENSIS). J Zoo Wildl Med 2024; 54:721-727. [PMID: 38251995 DOI: 10.1638/2022-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A pharmacokinetic study of ceftiofur crystalline free acid sterile oil suspension (CCFA) was performed in six apparently healthy juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). A single intramuscular dose of 30 mg/kg was administered in the triceps muscle. Blood samples were collected prior to treatment and at 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, 120, 144, 192, 288, and 366 h post administration. Plasma samples were analyzed for ceftiofur equivalent concentrations using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental analysis. Mean peak plasma concentration was 23.2 µg/ml (range, 16.0-27.9), median time to maximum concentration was 72 h (range, 72-120), mean area under the curve from 0 to 366 h postdose was 4.24 h · mg/ml (range, 3.54-4.97), and mean terminal half-life was 143 h (range, 90.8-220). Plasma concentrations were maintained above the minimum inhibitory concentration for this study of 2.0 µg/ml, which was established from similar CCFA pharmacokinetic studies in other reptilian species, through the end of the data collection of 366 h. Because of prolonged plasma concentrations, a dosing interval could not be established in this study. Future studies should include extended collection time points and multidose studies to determine dosing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Martinez
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Geraldine Magnin
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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Bovine Respiratory Disease Treatment Failure: Impact and Potential Causes. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2020; 36:487-496. [PMID: 32451037 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is often attributed to complex interactions between the host, pathogen, and the environment. Likewise, many BRD treatment failures result from interactions between the host, pathogen, environment, drug, and drug administrator. Investigating and addressing the underlying causes of BRD treatment failures can improve clinical outcomes and animal welfare of future cases, improve morale of employees, reduce direct costs of dealing with BRD treatment failures, refine antimicrobial prescribing practices, and advance antimicrobial stewardship. This article discusses these interactions and provides guidance to veterinary practitioners on evaluating the success of treatment protocols.
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Martinez MN, Greene J, Kenna L, Kissell L, Kuhn M. The Impact of Infection and Inflammation on Drug Metabolism, Active Transport, and Systemic Drug Concentrations in Veterinary Species. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:631-644. [PMID: 32503881 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.090704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Within human medicine, it is recognized that the pharmacokinetics (PK) of many compounds can be altered by the presence of inflammation or infection. Research into the reason for these changes has identified pathways that can influence drug absorption, clearance, and tissue distribution. In contrast, far less is known about these relationships within the framework of veterinary medicine. Rather, most of the PK data generated in veterinary species employs healthy subjects, raising the question of whether these studies are founded on an assumption that healthy animal PK reflect that of the diseased animal population. Accordingly, there is a need to explore the PK changes that might be overlooked in studies that recruit only healthy animals to assesses drug PK. To meet this objective, we surveyed the published literature for studies focusing on the impact of disease on the dose-exposure relationships in food-producing and companion animal species. We found that, consistent with humans and laboratory species, both up- and downregulation of the various cytochrome isoenzymes and/or transporters have occurred in response to an increase in inflammatory mediators. These findings suggest that, as observed in human medicine, the potential for differences in the drug PK in healthy versus animal patients points to a need for acquiring a greater understanding of these changes and how they may influence the dose-exposure-response relationships of veterinary pharmaceuticals. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review delivers a much-needed summary of published information that provides insights into how disease and inflammation can influence the appropriateness of extrapolating laboratory-based dose-exposure-response relationships to what will occur in the actual veterinary patient. As part of this review, we also examine some of the method-associated issues to be considered when assessing the reported nature and magnitude of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn N Martinez
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, Maryland (M.N.M., J.G., L.Ke., L.Ki.) and Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan (M.K.)
| | - Jonathan Greene
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, Maryland (M.N.M., J.G., L.Ke., L.Ki.) and Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan (M.K.)
| | - Leslie Kenna
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, Maryland (M.N.M., J.G., L.Ke., L.Ki.) and Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan (M.K.)
| | - Lindsey Kissell
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, Maryland (M.N.M., J.G., L.Ke., L.Ki.) and Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan (M.K.)
| | - Matt Kuhn
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, Maryland (M.N.M., J.G., L.Ke., L.Ki.) and Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan (M.K.)
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Hu SX, Mazur CA, Feenstra KL. Assessment of Inhibition of Bovine Hepatic Cytochrome P450 by 43 Commercial Bovine Medicines Using a Combination of In Vitro Assays and Pharmacokinetic Data from the Literature. Drug Metab Lett 2020; 13:123-131. [PMID: 31750810 DOI: 10.2174/1872312813666191120094649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a lack of information about the inhibition of bovine medicines on bovine hepatic CYP450 at their commercial doses and dosing routes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to assess the inhibition of 43 bovine medicines on bovine hepatic CYP450 using a combination of in vitro assay and Cmax values from pharmacokinetic studies with their commercial doses and dosing routes in the literature. METHODS Those drugs were first evaluated through a single point inhibitory assay at 3 μM in bovine liver microsomes for six specific CYP450 metabolisms, phenacetin o-deethylation, coumarin 7- hydroxylation, tolbutamide 4-hydroxylation, bufuralol 1-hydroxylation, chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation and midazolam 1'-hydroxylation. When the inhibition was greater than 20% in the assay, IC50 values were then determined. The potential in vivo bovine hepatic CYP450 inhibition by those drugs was assessed using a combination of the IC50 values and in vivo Cmax values from pharmacokinetic studies at their commercial doses and administration routes in the literature. RESULTS Fifteen bovine medicines or metabolites showed in vitro inhibition on one or more bovine hepatic CYP450 metabolisms with different IC50 values. Desfuroylceftiour (active metabolite of ceftiofur), nitroxinil and flunixin have the potential to inhibit one of the bovine hepatic CYP450 isoforms in vivo at their commercial doses and administration routes. The rest of the bovine medicines had low risks of in vivo bovine hepatic CYP450 inhibition. CONCLUSION This combination of in vitro assay and in vivo Cmax data provides a good approach to assess the inhibition of bovine medicines on bovine hepatic CYP450.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven X Hu
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI-49007, United States
| | - Chase A Mazur
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI-49007, United States
| | - Kenneth L Feenstra
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI-49007, United States
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Shock D, Roche S, Nagel D, Olson M. The Effect of Delivery Method on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Meloxicam in Pre-Weaned Dairy Calves with Diarrhea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/ojvm.2020.103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mzyk DA, Bublitz CM, Martinez MN, Davis JL, Baynes RE, Smith GW. Impact of bovine respiratory disease on the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and tulathromycin in different ages of calves. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218864. [PMID: 31233558 PMCID: PMC6590872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is one of the most economically important respiratory diseases of calves and knowledge of the impact of clinical disease on pharmacokinetics (PK) in young calves is limited. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and PK of two antibiotics, tulathromycin and danofloxacin, in two age groups of calves experimentally infected with Pasteurella multocida. Both danofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, and tulathromycin, a macrolide antibiotic is approved for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). To evaluate potential influences of age and disease on drug distribution and elimination in calves, plasma, interstitial fluid (ISF), and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) were analyzed for drug concentrations. Concentrations for both drugs in the PELF were estimated by a urea dilution assay of the collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Age was determined to be a significant covariate for calves administered danofloxacin and tulathromycin for plasma PK parameters. For calves administered danofloxacin, the area under the curve (AUC) in the plasma was lower in 6-month old calves (18.9 ± 12.6 hr* μg/mL) vs. 3-week old calves (32.0 ± 8.2 hr* μg/mL). Clearance (CL/F) of danofloxacin was higher in 6-month old calves. In contrast, tulathromycin plasma concentrations were higher in 6 month old calves and CL/F was higher in 3-week old calves. Age did not significantly influence the ISF concentrations of danofloxacin or tulathromycin in calves with respiratory disease, unlike previous studies which reported higher ISF concentrations of danofloxacin and tulathromycin in 6-month old calves when compared to younger calves. PELF concentrations were higher than plasma and ISF for both danofloxacin and tulathromycin, but did not differ between age groups. Potential reasons for age-related differences on plasma concentration–time profiles and the impact of disease on the partitioning of the drug from the blood to the lungs and ISF as a function of age are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Mzyk
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Claire M. Bublitz
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Marilyn N. Martinez
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Davis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ronald E. Baynes
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Geof W. Smith
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Durel L, Gallina G, Pellet T. Assessment of ceftiofur residues in cow milk using commercial screening test kits. Vet Rec Open 2019; 6:e000329. [PMID: 31205727 PMCID: PMC6541105 DOI: 10.1136/vetreco-2018-000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin, is one of the most used antibiotics in dairy industry. Intramuscular injection of 1 mg/kgBW ceftiofur hydrochloride (HCl) generally results in 0 hour withdrawal time for the milk in dairy cows. Nevertheless, farmers and dairy processors occasionally complain about ceftiofur-based products in case of positive result to a commercial rapid screening test for the presence of violative residues of antimicrobials (inhibitors) in the bulk milk tank. Six lactating cows were injected with a 50 mg/ml ceftiofur HCl-based product at the dosage regimen of 1 mg/kg, intramuscularly, once a day, for five consecutive days, as per label. Milk samples were then collected just before the very last injection (T0) and then at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours after the last injection. Individual milk samples were tested using three commercial screening test kits for inhibitor residues: DelvotestSP NT, SNAP Beta-Lactam ST Plus and ROSA MRL Beta-Lactam Test. Since bulk tank is screened in real operating conditions, samples were also diluted to 1:4, 1:10 and tested again. For the Delvotest SP NT, which lowest detected concentration is close the MRL of the ceftiofur (100 µg/kg), all results were negative. For the ROSA MRL Beta-Lactam Test and the SNAP Beta-Lactam ST Plus, several samples yielded positive and doubtful results at T0 and T12. However, after dilution to 1:10, all results were negative. Consequently, when used as officially instructed, the tested 50 mg/ml ceftiofur HCl-based injectable veterinary products are safe, and milk should be free of violative residues of ceftiofur. With consideration to the low specificity and the low positive predictive value of commercial screening tests, positive reactions of the bulk milk should be interpreted as false positive or another risky usage of β-lactam-based medicines in the farm must be investigated.
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11
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Gorden PJ, Ydstie JA, Kleinhenz MD, Brick TA, Smith JS, Griffith RW, Wulf LW, Rajewski SM, Zhang M, Sidhu PK, Mochel JP, Coetzee JF. Comparative plasma and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid in cattle with induced coliform mastitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 41:848-860. [PMID: 29971798 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ceftiofur (CEF) is a third-generation cephalosporin that is the most widely used antimicrobial in the dairy industry. Currently, violative meat residues in cull dairy cattle are commonly associated with CEF. One potential cause for violative residues is altered pharmacokinetics of the drug due to disease, which could increase the time needed for the residue to deplete. The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the absolute bioavailability of CEF crystalline-free acid (CFA) in healthy versus diseased cows; (b) to compare the plasma and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics and plasma protein binding of CEF between healthy dairy cows and those with disease; and (c) to determine the CEF residue profile in tissues of diseased cows. For this trial, disease was induced through intramammary Escherichia coli infusion. Following disease induction and CEF CFA administration, for plasma concentrations, there was not a significant effect of treatment (p = 0.068), but the treatment-by-time interaction (p = 0.005) was significant. There was a significantly greater concentration of CEF in the plasma of the DIS cows at T2 hr (p = 0.002), T8 hr (p < 0.001), T12 hr (p = 0.001), and T16 hr (p = 0.002). For PK parameters in plasma, the slope of the terminal phase of the concentration versus time curve was significantly lower (p = 0.007), terminal half-life was significantly longer (p = 0.014), and apparent volume of distribution during the elimination phase was significantly higher (p = 0.028) diseased group. There was no difference in plasma protein binding of CEF and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics. None of the cows had kidney CEF residues above the US tolerance level following observation of the drug's withdrawal period, but one cow with a larger apparent volume of distribution and longer terminal half-life had tissue residues slightly below the tolerance. Whereas these findings do not support the hypothesis that severely ill cows need longer withdrawal times, alterations in the terminal half-life suggest that it is theoretically possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Gorden
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Joshua A Ydstie
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Michael D Kleinhenz
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Troy A Brick
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Joe S Smith
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Ronald W Griffith
- Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Larry W Wulf
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Suzanne M Rajewski
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Pritam K Sidhu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Jonathan P Mochel
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Johann F Coetzee
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
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12
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Gorden PJ, Kleinhenz MD, Wulf LW, Rajewski SJ, Wang C, Gehring R, Coetzee JF. Comparative plasma and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine and ceftiofur hydrochloride following individual and co-administration in dairy cows. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 41:76-82. [PMID: 28731206 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ceftiofur (CEF) and flunixin meglumine (FLU) are two drugs approved for use in beef and dairy cattle that are frequently used in combination for many diseases. These two drugs are the most commonly used drugs in dairy cattle in their respective drug classes. Two research groups have recently published manuscripts demonstrating altered pharmacokinetics of FLU and CEF in cows affected with naturally occurring mastitis. The objective of this study was to determine whether pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine administered intravenously or intramuscularly administered ceftiofur hydrochloride would be altered when co-administered versus individual administration to healthy dairy cattle. Ten cows were utilized in a three-period, three-treatment crossover design, with all cows receiving each treatment one time with a 10-day washout period between treatments. Following treatment, plasma and interstitial fluid samples were collected and stored for later analysis. Additionally, plasma ultrafiltrate was collected using microcentrifugation to determine plasma protein binding of each drug. Drug concentrations in plasma, plasma ultrafiltrate, and interstitial fluid were determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The results of this trial indicate that drug interactions between FLU and CEF do not occur when the two drugs are administered simultaneously in healthy cattle. Further work is needed to determine whether this relationship is maintained in the presence of severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Gorden
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - M D Kleinhenz
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - L W Wulf
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - S J Rajewski
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - C Wang
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - R Gehring
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - J F Coetzee
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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13
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Waraich GS, Sidhu PK, Daundkar PS, Kaur G, Sharma SK. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid following subcutaneous administration in domestic goats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2016; 40:429-438. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. S. Waraich
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Science; Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; Ludhiana India
| | - P. K. Sidhu
- Animal Disease Research Centre; College of Veterinary Science; Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; Ludhiana India
| | - P. S. Daundkar
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Science; Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; Ludhiana India
| | - G. Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology; College of Veterinary Science; Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; Ludhiana India
| | - S. K. Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Science; Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; Ludhiana India
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14
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Volkova VV, KuKanich B, Riviere JE. Exploring Post-Treatment Reversion of Antimicrobial Resistance in Enteric Bacteria of Food Animals as a Resistance Mitigation Strategy. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 13:610-617. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Victoriya V. Volkova
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Butch KuKanich
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Jim E. Riviere
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
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