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Lobach AR, Schmidt F, Fedrizzi D, Müller S. Toxicological safety evaluation of an aqueous lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 187:114565. [PMID: 38461950 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) has a long history of safe use as an aromatic herb, flavoring, tea, food supplement, and traditional medicine. An aqueous extract of the leaves of M. officinalis is intended for use as a food ingredient, however the existing safety database does not contain any high quality toxicological studies to support safe consumer exposure. Therefore, a standard tier 1 genotoxicity battery (bacterial reverse mutation and in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests) and a 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats were conducted in accordance with GLP and OECD guidelines. The genotoxicity studies confirmed that aqueous lemon balm extract is not genotoxic at up to the highest concentrations tested (5000 μg/plate or 5000 μg/mL). A non-GLP 14-day dose range finding study was conducted prior to the 90-day study to confirm dietary administration of aqueous lemon balm extract at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.6, or 5.0%. The 90-day study was conducted using the established dietary concentrations and no test substance-related adverse effects on clinical, hematological, biochemical, macroscopic, or histopathologic parameters were reported. Thus, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level was determined to be at least 3046.1 and 3720.9 mg/kg body weight/day (the highest doses tested) for male and female rats, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Lobach
- Givaudan Canada Co., 2855 Argentia Road, Unit #1, Mississauga, ON, L5N 8G6, Canada.
| | - Florian Schmidt
- Givaudan International SA, Kemptpark 50, 8310, Kemptthal, Switzerland
| | - Davide Fedrizzi
- Givaudan International SA, Kemptpark 50, 8310, Kemptthal, Switzerland
| | - Severin Müller
- Givaudan International SA, Kemptpark 50, 8310, Kemptthal, Switzerland
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Lahlou RA, Carvalho F, Pereira MJ, Lopes J, Silva LR. Overview of Ethnobotanical-Pharmacological Studies Carried Out on Medicinal Plants from the Serra da Estrela Natural Park: Focus on Their Antidiabetic Potential. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:454. [PMID: 38675115 PMCID: PMC11054966 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Serra da Estrela Natural Park (NPSE) in Portugal stands out as a well-preserved region abundant in medicinal plants, particularly known for their pharmaceutical applications in diabetes prevention and treatment. This comprehensive review explores these plants' botanical diversity, traditional uses, pharmacological applications, and chemical composition. The NPSE boast a rich diversity with 138 medicinal plants across 55 families identified as traditionally and pharmacologically used against diabetes globally. Notably, the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families are prevalent in antidiabetic applications. In vitro studies have revealed their significant inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, and certain plant co-products regulate genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and insulin secretion. In vivo trials have demonstrated antidiabetic effects, including glycaemia regulation, insulin secretion, antioxidant activity, and lipid profile modulation. Medicinal plants in NPSE exhibit various activities beyond antidiabetic, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and more. Chemical analyses have identified over fifty compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides responsible for their efficacy against diabetes. These findings underscore the potential of NPSE medicinal plants as antidiabetic candidates, urging further research to develop effective plant-based antidiabetic drugs, beverages, and supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia Aitfella Lahlou
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Filomena Carvalho
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria João Pereira
- CERENA/DER, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - João Lopes
- iMed.ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, University of Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Luís R. Silva
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Tian Z, Chen S, Shi Y, Wang P, Wu Y, Li G. Dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs): An insight between modern diet and health. Food Chem 2023; 415:135735. [PMID: 36863235 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed by a series of chemical reactions of amino acids, peptides, proteins, and ketones at normal temperature or heated non-enzymatic conditions. A large amount of AGEs derived from Maillard Reaction (MR) during the process of food heat-processing. After oral intake, dietary AGEs are converted into biological AGEs through digestion and absorption, and accumulated in almost all organs. The safety and health risk of dietary AGEs have attracted wide attention. Increasing evidence have shown that uptake of dietary AGEs is closely related to the occurrence of many chronic diseases, such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease. This review summarized the most updated information of production, bio-transport in vivo, detection technologies, and physiological toxicity of dietary AGEs, and also discussed approaches to inhibit dietary AGEs generation. Impressively, the future opportunities and challenges on the detection, toxicity, and inhibition of dietary AGEs are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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Safari M, Asadi A, Aryaeian N, Huseini HF, Shidfar F, Jazayeri S, Malek M, Hosseini AF, Hamidi Z. The effects of melissa officinalis on depression and anxiety in type 2 diabetes patients with depression: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:140. [PMID: 37131158 PMCID: PMC10152712 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is more common in diabetic patients, with a 1.5-fold increased risk of death.Melissa officinalis (M. officinalis) have anti-diabetic and anti-depression activities. The study aimed to determine the efficacy of M. officinalis extract on depression, anxiety, and sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes with depressive symptoms. METHODS In this double-blind clinical trial, 60 volunteer patients (age range 20-65 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus with symptoms of depression were randomized into the intervention (received 700 mg/day hydroalcoholic extract; n = 30) or control group (received 700 mg/day toasted flour; n = 30). Dietary intake, physical activity, anthropometric indices, FBS (Fasting blood sugar), hs-CRP(High-sensitivity C-reactiveprotein), depression, anxiety, and sleep quality were determined at the beginning and end of the study. Depression and anxiety were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively; sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS Sixty participants received M. officinalis extract or placebo, of which 44 patients completed the 12-week double-blind clinical trial. After 12-week the mean change of depression and anxiety scores were statistically significant between the two groups (p < 0.001 and p = 0.04, respectively), but no significant differences were observed in FBS, hs-CRP, anthropometric indices, sleep quality, and blood pressure.In the intervention group, there was a significant decrease in depression and anxiety severity(p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively) at the end of the study compared to the baseline. TRIAL REGISTRATION All protocols in this study were followed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration (1989 revision). Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Iran University of Medical Sciences Ethics committee (IR.IUMS.FMD.REC 1396.9413468004; research.iums.ac.ir). The study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT201709239472N16); Registration date: 09/10/2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Safari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Akbar Asadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Naheed Aryaeian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran.
| | - Hasan Fallah Huseini
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, 30Th Km of Karaj-Qazvin Freeway, ACECR Research Complex, Karaj, 3365166571, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Malek
- Institute of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Firoozeh Alley, Vali-asrSq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Agha Fateme Hosseini
- Department of Statistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hamidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
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Safari M, Asadi A, Aryaeian N, Huseini HF, Shidfar F, Jazayeri S, Malek M, Hosseini AF, Hamidi Z. The effects of melissa officinalis on depression and anxiety in type 2 diabetes patients with depression: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:140. [PMID: 37131158 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03978-x.pmid:] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is more common in diabetic patients, with a 1.5-fold increased risk of death.Melissa officinalis (M. officinalis) have anti-diabetic and anti-depression activities. The study aimed to determine the efficacy of M. officinalis extract on depression, anxiety, and sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes with depressive symptoms. METHODS In this double-blind clinical trial, 60 volunteer patients (age range 20-65 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus with symptoms of depression were randomized into the intervention (received 700 mg/day hydroalcoholic extract; n = 30) or control group (received 700 mg/day toasted flour; n = 30). Dietary intake, physical activity, anthropometric indices, FBS (Fasting blood sugar), hs-CRP(High-sensitivity C-reactiveprotein), depression, anxiety, and sleep quality were determined at the beginning and end of the study. Depression and anxiety were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively; sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS Sixty participants received M. officinalis extract or placebo, of which 44 patients completed the 12-week double-blind clinical trial. After 12-week the mean change of depression and anxiety scores were statistically significant between the two groups (p < 0.001 and p = 0.04, respectively), but no significant differences were observed in FBS, hs-CRP, anthropometric indices, sleep quality, and blood pressure.In the intervention group, there was a significant decrease in depression and anxiety severity(p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively) at the end of the study compared to the baseline. TRIAL REGISTRATION All protocols in this study were followed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration (1989 revision). Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Iran University of Medical Sciences Ethics committee (IR.IUMS.FMD.REC 1396.9413468004; research.iums.ac.ir). The study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT201709239472N16); Registration date: 09/10/2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Safari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Akbar Asadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Naheed Aryaeian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran.
| | - Hasan Fallah Huseini
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, 30Th Km of Karaj-Qazvin Freeway, ACECR Research Complex, Karaj, 3365166571, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Malek
- Institute of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Firoozeh Alley, Vali-asrSq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Agha Fateme Hosseini
- Department of Statistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hamidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Broadway, 14155-6171, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
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Sarmah S, Roy AS. A review on prevention of glycation of proteins: Potential therapeutic substances to mitigate the severity of diabetes complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:565-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Velichkova S, Foubert K, Pieters L. Natural Products as a Source of Inspiration for Novel Inhibitors of Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) Formation. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:780-801. [PMID: 34341977 DOI: 10.1055/a-1527-7611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycation, a post-translational modification found in biological systems, is often associated with a core defect in glucose metabolism. In particular, advanced glycation endproducts are complex heterogeneous sugar-derived protein modifications implicated in the progression of pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, diabetic complications, skin diseases, rheumatism, hypertension, and neurodegenerative diseases. Undoubtedly, there is the need to expand the knowledge about antiglycation agents that can offer a therapeutic approach in preventing and treating health issues of high social and economic importance. Although various compounds have been under consideration, little data from clinical trials are available, and there is a lack of approved and registered antiglycation agents. Next to the search for novel synthetic advanced glycation endproduct inhibitors, more and more the efforts of scientists are focusing on researching antiglycation compounds from natural origin. The main purpose of this review is to provide a thorough overview of the state of scientific knowledge in the field of natural products from plant origin (e.g., extracts and pure compounds) as inhibitors of advanced glycation endproduct formation in the period between 1990 and 2019. Moreover, the objectives of the summary also include basic chemistry of AGEs formation and classification, pathophysiological significance of AGEs, mechanisms for inhibiting AGEs formation, and examples of several synthetic anti-AGEs drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaniya Velichkova
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Sutkowska J, Hupert N, Gawron K, Strawa JW, Tomczyk M, Forlino A, Galicka A. The Stimulating Effect of Rosmarinic Acid and Extracts from Rosemary and Lemon Balm on Collagen Type I Biosynthesis in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type I Skin Fibroblasts. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070938. [PMID: 34201872 PMCID: PMC8308967 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosemary extract (RE) and lemon balm extract (LBE) attract particular attention of pharmacists due to their high therapeutic potential. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type I is a heritable disease caused by mutations in type I collagen and characterized by its reduced amount. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the extracts and rosmarinic acid (RA) on collagen type I level in OI skin fibroblasts. Phytochemical analysis of RE and LBE was carried out by liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection–mass spectrometry. The expression of collagen type I at transcript and protein levels was analyzed by qPCR, ELISA, SDS-urea PAGE, and Western blot. In OI patient’s fibroblasts the exposure to the extracts (0.1–100 µg/mL) and RA (0.1–100 µM) significantly increased collagen type I and the best results were obtained with 0.1–10 µM RA and 0.1–10 µg/mL of the extracts. LBE showed a greater stimulating effect than RE, likely due to a higher RA content. Moreover, collagen type III expression and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, -2, -9) activity remained unchanged or decreased. The obtained data support the clinical potential of RA-rich extracts and RA itself in modulating the quantitative defect of type I collagen in type I OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Sutkowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Natalia Hupert
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (N.H.); (K.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Gawron
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (N.H.); (K.G.)
| | - Jakub W. Strawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-230 Bialystok, Poland; (J.W.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-230 Bialystok, Poland; (J.W.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Anna Galicka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Draginic N, Jakovljevic V, Andjic M, Jeremic J, Srejovic I, Rankovic M, Tomovic M, Nikolic Turnic T, Svistunov A, Bolevich S, Milosavljevic I. Melissa officinalis L. as a Nutritional Strategy for Cardioprotection. Front Physiol 2021; 12:661778. [PMID: 33967832 PMCID: PMC8100328 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.661778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to provide a summary on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities in the cardiovascular system and cardiotoxicity of Melissa officinalis (MO), with the special emphasis on the protective mechanisms in different cardiovascular pathologies. MO is a perennial aromatic herb commonly known as lemon balm, honey balm, or bee balm, which belongs to Lamiaceae family. Active components are mainly located in the leaves or essential oil and include volatile compounds, terpenoid (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes), and polyphenolic compounds [rosmarinic acid (RA), caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, quercitrin, rhamnocitrin, luteolin]. For centuries, MO has been traditionally used as a remedy for memory, cognition, anxiety, depression, and heart palpitations. Up until now, several beneficial cardiovascular effects of MO, in the form of extracts (aqueous, alcoholic, and hydroalcoholic), essential oil, and isolated compounds, have been confirmed in preclinical animal studies, such as antiarrhythmogenic, negative chronotropic and dromotropic, hypotensive, vasorelaxant, and infarct size-reducing effects. Nonetheless, MO effects on heart palpitations are the only ones confirmed in human subjects. The main mechanisms proposed for the cardiovascular effects of this plant are antioxidant free radical-scavenging properties of MO polyphenols, amelioration of oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory effects, activation of M2 and antagonism of β1 receptors in the heart, blockage of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis, prevention of fibrotic changes, etc. Additionally, the main active ingredient of MO-RA, per se, has shown substantial cardiovascular effects. Because of the vastness of encouraging data from animal studies, this plant, as well as the main ingredient RA, should be considered and investigated further as a tool for cardioprotection and adjuvant therapy in patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Draginic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marijana Andjic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Rankovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Tomovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tamara Nikolic Turnic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Andrey Svistunov
- Research Institute of Pharmacy, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Isidora Milosavljevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Heshmati J, Morvaridzadeh M, Sepidarkish M, Fazelian S, Rahimlou M, Omidi A, Palmowski A, Asadi A, Shidfar F. Effects of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm) on cardio-metabolic outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2020; 34:3113-3123. [PMID: 32614129 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates a beneficial effect of Melissa officinalis (MO) intake on several chronic diseases. However, the effects of MO intake have not yet been systematically reviewed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of MO intake and focused on several cardiometabolic outcomes. MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for MO-RCTs evaluating cardiometabolic outcomes. Random-effects meta-analyses estimated the pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) between intervention and control groups. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias in RCTs. Seven RCTs were finally deemed eligible. MO intake was associated with a reduced total cholesterol (TC) (SMD: -0.26; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.01; I2 = 13.7%; k = 6) and a reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) (SMD: -0.56; 95% CI: -0.85, -0.27; I2 = 00.0%; k = 3). MO intake was not associated with statistically significant changes in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, diastolic blood pressure, high sensitivity c-reactive protein levels, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, insulin or high-density lipoprotein levels. No serious adverse events were reported. The risk of bias was high in a considerable amount of studies. Our study suggests that MO is a safe supplement with beneficial effects on TC and SBP. However, the findings of our study must be seen in the light of major limitations such as a low number of included studies and a serious risk of bias. High-quality RCTs are needed for firm conclusions concerning the effects of MO on cardiometabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Heshmati
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sepidarkish
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Siavash Fazelian
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Omidi
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Andriko Palmowski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Akbar Asadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
PurposeIncreasingly, interest in and the uptake of herbal infusions has advanced, namely, owing to their bioactive properties and potential links to health. Given this, the purpose of the present review was to collate evidence from human trials for five popular herbal infusions.Design/methodology/approachThe systematic review comprised ten human trials (560 participants), investigating inter-relationships between herbal infusions consumption and health. Only human studies involving German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L. Asteraceae), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe Zingiberaceae), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L. Lamiaceae), peppermint (Mentha x spicata L. Lamiaceae)/spearmint (Mentha spicata L. Lamiaceae) and rosehip (Rosa canina L. Rosaceae) teas were included in the present paper.FindingsMost herbal infusions serve as a good source of flavonoids and other polyphenols in the human diet. Studies included in this paper indicate that herbal infusions (1-3 cups tended to be drank daily; infusion rates up to 15 min) could benefit certain aspects of health. In particular, this includes aspects of sleep quality and glycaemic control (German chamomile), osteoarthritic stiffness and hormone control (spearmint), oxidative stress (lemon balm) and primary dysmenorrhea (rosehip).Research limitations/implicationsOngoing research is needed using homogenous herbal infusion forms, brewing rates and volumes of water to further reinforce these findings. In the meantime, herbal infusions could provide a useful supplementary approach to improving certain aspects of well-being.Originality/valueThe present paper collates evidence from human trials for five popular herbal infusions.
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Tsuboi H, Takahashi M, Minamida Y, Yoshida N. Psychological well-being and green tea consumption are associated with lower pentosidine serum levels among elderly female residents in Japan. J Psychosom Res 2019; 126:109825. [PMID: 31520891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pentosidine (PEN), a well-defined advanced glycation end product (AGE), may be affected by psychological status, given the recent findings regarding AGE receptor functions. Because AGEs can be a factor in aging and in the development or worsening of many degenerative diseases, it is important to find a way to reduce the PEN levels in our body. This study aims to investigate novel factors associated with PEN levels. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 106 female participants (aged 59-69) was conducted in a tea-producing district in Japan. The serum concentration of PEN was detected and evaluated in relation to the participants' psychological status, which was assessed using the Japanese version of the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and lifestyle factors. Factors that were significantly associated with PEN were analysed using multiple linear regression analyses. Significance was defined as p < .05. RESULTS The serum PEN concentrations were significantly and positively associated with the total GHQ scores and BMI after controlling for covariates (standardised beta coefficient (B) = 0.26, p < .01; B = 0.27, p < .01, respectively). In addition, the PEN levels were significantly lower in participants who consumed seven cups or more of green tea per day than those who consumed six or fewer cups per day (B = 0.19, p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Low GHQ scores (i.e. better psychological well-being) and green tea consumption may be helpful in decreasing AGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Tsuboi
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical & Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jyuzen Memorial Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuuki Minamida
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical & Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshida
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical & Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Stabilizing corn oil using the lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis) antioxidants extracted by subcritical water. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:695-704. [PMID: 30906027 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This research was set up to identify the impact of the antioxidant compounds present in lemon balm extract (LBE) as obtained by the subcritical water (SBCW) method on the oxidative stability of corn oil. An extraction yield of 28.52% was obtained for the SBCW and rosmarinic acid was identified to be the predominant phenolic compound present in the LBE. The total phenolic content of the LBE was found to be 212.74 mg gallic acid/g extract. Subsequently, 200, 400, 800, 1600 and 3200 ppm of the LBE were added to corn oil and its peroxide value (PV), acid value (AV), conjugated diene (CD), carbonyl value (CV), oxidative stability index (OSI), total polar compound and total phenolic compounds were compared to control and the sample containing 200 ppm of the BHA throughout the 16-day Schaal oven test at 70 °C. Our findings indicated that the corn oil containing greater LBE concentration had lower PV, AV, CD, and CV but greater OSI than the control sample. Evaluation of total polar compounds confirmed lower extent of the compounds with high polarity in the greater levels of the LBE. Finally, the LBE was able to slow down the rancidity of corn oil and the samples with higher LBE exhibited gentle oxidation rate.
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De Bruyne T, Steenput B, Roth L, De Meyer GRY, Santos CND, Valentová K, Dambrova M, Hermans N. Dietary Polyphenols Targeting Arterial Stiffness: Interplay of Contributing Mechanisms and Gut Microbiome-Related Metabolism. Nutrients 2019; 11:E578. [PMID: 30857217 PMCID: PMC6471395 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased arterial stiffness is a degenerative vascular process, progressing with age that leads to a reduced capability of arteries to expand and contract in response to pressure changes. This progressive degeneration mainly affects the extracellular matrix of elastic arteries and causes loss of vascular elasticity. Recent studies point to significant interference of dietary polyphenols with mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology and progression of arterial stiffness. This review summarizes data from epidemiological and interventional studies on the effect of polyphenols on vascular stiffness as an illustration of current research and addresses possible etiological factors targeted by polyphenols, including pathways of vascular functionality, oxidative status, inflammation, glycation, and autophagy. Effects can either be inflicted directly by the dietary polyphenols or indirectly by metabolites originated from the host or microbial metabolic processes. The composition of the gut microbiome, therefore, determines the resulting metabolome and, as a consequence, the observed activity. On the other hand, polyphenols also influence the intestinal microbial composition, and therefore the metabolites available for interaction with relevant targets. As such, targeting the gut microbiome is another potential treatment option for arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess De Bruyne
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Bieke Steenput
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Lynn Roth
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Claudia Nunes Dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Asadi A, Shidfar F, Safari M, Hosseini AF, Fallah Huseini H, Heidari I, Rajab A. Efficacy of Melissa officinalis L. (lemon balm) extract on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Phytother Res 2018; 33:651-659. [PMID: 30548118 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Melissa officinalis is a plenteous source of antioxidant flavonols and flavonoids that contain health-promoting and antidiabetic properties, so this study was undertaken to provide the first assessment of the antidiabetic properties of hydroalcoholic extract of M. officinalis in type 2 diabetic patients. We did a randomized, placebo-controlled trial which included 62 patients, receiving either M. officinalis capsules (700 mg/d; n = 31) or the placebo (n = 31) twice daily for 12 weeks. There were significant differences in serum FBS (P = 0.007), HbA1c (P = 0.002), β-cell activity (P = 0.05), TG (P = 0.04), HDL-c (P = 0.05), hs-CRP (P = 0.001), and systolic blood pressure (P = 0.04) between the two groups at the end of the study; but total cholesterol, LDL-c, insulin, and HOMA-IR showed no significant changes between the groups. In M. officinalis group, there was a significant change in HDL-c (P = 0.009) and QUICKI (P = 0.005) compared with baseline values. No adverse effects were observed. It seems that M. officinalis is safe and effective in improvement of lipid profile, glycemic control, and reduction of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Asadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Safari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Agha Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Fallah Huseini
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Iraj Heidari
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) on ApoA-I, Apo B, lipid ratio and ICAM-1 in type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2018; 40:83-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Glynn KM, Anderson P, Fast DJ, Koedam J, Rebhun JF, Velliquette RA. Gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon) root extract protects against glycation and related inflammatory and oxidative stress while offering UV absorption capability. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1043-1047. [PMID: 29906314 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycation and advanced glycation end products (AGE) damage skin which is compounded by AGE-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Lip and facial skin could be susceptible to glycation damage as they are chronically stressed. As Gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon) root (GR) has an extensive traditional medicine history that includes providing multiple skin benefits, our objective was to determine whether GR extract and its base naphthoquinone, shikonin, might protect skin by inhibiting glycation, increasing oxidative defenses, suppressing inflammatory responses and offering ultraviolet (UV) absorptive potential in lip and facial cosmetic matrices. We show GR extract and shikonin dose-dependently inhibited glycation and enhanced oxidative defenses through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element activation. Inflammatory targets, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha, were suppressed by GR extract and shikonin. Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) and glutathione synthesis genes were significantly upregulated by GR extract and shikonin. GR extract boosted higher wavelength UV absorption in select cosmetic matrices. Rationale for the use of GR extract and shikonin are supported by our research. By inhibiting glycation, modulating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation and UV-absorptive properties, GR extract and shikonin potentially offer multiple skin benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Glynn
- Research & Development, Amway Corporation, Ada, Michigan
| | - Penny Anderson
- Research & Development, Amway Corporation, Ada, Michigan
| | - David J Fast
- Research & Development, Amway Corporation, Ada, Michigan
| | - James Koedam
- Research & Development, Amway Corporation, Ada, Michigan
| | - John F Rebhun
- Research & Development, Amway Corporation, Ada, Michigan
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