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D’Amico AG, Maugeri G, Vanella L, Consoli V, Sorrenti V, Bruno F, Federico C, Fallica AN, Pittalà V, D’Agata V. Novel Acetamide-Based HO-1 Inhibitor Counteracts Glioblastoma Progression by Interfering with the Hypoxic-Angiogenic Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5389. [PMID: 38791428 PMCID: PMC11121434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the deadliest tumor among brain cancers. It is a solid tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation generating the hypoxic niches in the cancer core. By inducing the transcription of hypoxic inducible factor (HIF), hypoxia triggers many signaling cascades responsible for cancer progression and aggressiveness, including enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or antioxidant enzymes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The present work aimed to investigate the link between HO-1 expression and the hypoxic microenvironment of GBM by culturing two human glioblastoma cell lines (U87MG and A172) in the presence of a hypoxic mimetic agent, deferoxamine (DFX). By targeting hypoxia-induced HO-1, we have tested the effect of a novel acetamide-based HO-1 inhibitor (VP18/58) on GBM progression. Results have demonstrated that hypoxic conditions induced upregulation and nuclear expression of HO-1 in a cell-dependent manner related to malignant phenotype. Moreover, our data demonstrated that the HO-1 inhibitor counteracted GBM progression by modulating the HIFα/HO-1/VEGF signaling cascade in cancer cells bearing more malignant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Grazia D’Amico
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.G.D.); (V.C.); (V.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Grazia Maugeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.G.D.); (V.C.); (V.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Valeria Consoli
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.G.D.); (V.C.); (V.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.G.D.); (V.C.); (V.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Francesca Bruno
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy (C.F.)
| | - Concetta Federico
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy (C.F.)
| | - Antonino Nicolò Fallica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.G.D.); (V.C.); (V.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.G.D.); (V.C.); (V.S.); (V.P.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
| | - Velia D’Agata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy
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Khandia R, Pandey MK, Khan AA, Baklanov I, Alanazi AM, Nepali P, Gurjar P, Choudhary OP. Synthetic biology approach revealed enhancement in haeme oxygenase-1 gene expression by codon pair optimization while reduction by codon deoptimization. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1359-1369. [PMID: 38463112 PMCID: PMC10923308 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a ubiquitously expressed gene involved in cellular homoeostasis, and its imbalance in expression results in various disorders. To alleviate such disorders, HO-1 gene expression needs to be modulated. Codon usage bias results from evolutionary forces acting on any nucleotide sequence and determines the gene expression. Like codon usage bias, codon pair bias also exists, playing a role in gene expression. In the present study, HO-1 gene was recoded by manipulating codon and codon pair bias, and four such constructs were made through codon/codon pair deoptimization and codon/codon pair optimization to reduce and enhance the HO-1 gene expression. Codon usage analysis was done for these constructs for four tissues brain, heart, pancreas and liver. Based on codon usage in different tissues, gene expression of these tissues was determined in terms of the codon adaptation index. Based on the codon adaptation index, minimum free energy, and translation efficiency, constructs were evaluated for enhanced or decreased HO-1 expression. The analysis revealed that for enhancing gene expression, codon pair optimization, while for reducing gene expression, codon deoptimization is efficacious. The recoded constructs developed in the study could be used in gene therapy regimens to cure HO-1 over or underexpression-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Khandia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Megha Katare Pandey
- Translational Medicine Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Igor Baklanov
- Department of Philosophy, North Caucasus Federal University, Pushkina, Stavropol, Russia
| | - Amer M. Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prakash Nepali
- Bhimad Primary Health Care Center, Government of Nepal, Tanahun, Nepal
| | - Pankaj Gurjar
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | - Om Prakash Choudhary
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Rampura Phul, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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Xu X, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Wang J, Guo J. HMOX1 pathway signature predicts clinical benefit from immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:10512-10525. [PMID: 37031459 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy (IO) plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) emerged as standard first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) pathway is involved in tumor development and treatment resistance, which may affect the efficacy of TKI + IO. METHODS Two cohorts from our center (ZS-MRCC, ZS-HRRCC), one cohort from clinical trial (JAVELIN Renal 101) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-KIRC) were enrolled. HMOX1 pathway signatures were determined for each sample by RNA-sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis. Immune infiltration was evaluated by flow cytometry. Response and progression-free survival (PFS) were set as primary endpoints. RESULTS Patients of low-HMOX1 signature showed higher objective response rate (43.5% vs. 27.3%) in ZS-MRCC cohort and longer PFS in both cohorts (ZS-MRCC cohort, p = 0.019; JAVELIN-101 cohort, p = 0.036). Patients in the high-HMOX1 signature arm also showed greater clinical benefit from TKI + IO, rather than TKI monotherapy (p < 0.001). In high-HMOX1 signature RCC tissues, CD8+ T cells showed a dysfunctional phenotype with decreased GZMB expression (Spearman's ρ = -0.32, p = 0.045). A risk score based on HMOX1 signature was further constructed by random forest approach, involving HMOX1 signature and immunologic features. In patients with a low risk level, TKI + IO combination therapy demonstrated longer PFS than TKI monotherapy (p < 0.001), however in individuals with a high risk score group, these two regimens did not give different advantages. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified the HMOX1 pathway signature was a potential prognostic factor of progression-free survival for TKI + IO combination therapy in the advanced RCC in different cohort, especially in first-line management of mRCC in the Javelin 101 cohort. Moreover, HMOX1 signature was associated with T-cell function in tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglai Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sihong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Borkowska A, Olszewska A, Skarzynska W, Marciniak M, Skrzeszewski M, Kieda C, Was H. High Hemin Concentration Induces Escape from Senescence of Normoxic and Hypoxic Colon Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194793. [PMID: 36230727 PMCID: PMC9564005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary High red-meat consumption as well as bleeding or bruising can promote oxidative stress and, in consequence, cancer development. However, the mechanism of that phenomenon is not understood. The induction of therapy-induced senescence (TIS) might also be induced by oxidative stress. Recently, TIS cells, despite their inhibited proliferation potential, have been identified as one of the sources of tumor re-growth. Here, with the use of molecular analyses, we found that oxidative stress, promoted by high doses of hemin or H2O2, can trigger TIS escape and cell re-population. It is closely related to the activity of antioxidative enzymes, especially heme oxygenase-1. Hypoxia might accelerate these effects. Therefore, we propose that the prevention of excessive oxidative stress could be a potential target in senolytic therapies. Abstract Hemoglobin from either red meat or bowel bleeding may promote oxidative stress and increase the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Additionally, solid cancers or their metastases may be present with localized bruising. Escape from therapy-induced senescence (TIS) might be one of the mechanisms of tumor re-growth. Therefore, we sought to study whether hemin can cause escape from TIS in CRC. To induce senescence, human colon cancer cells were exposed to a chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (IRINO). Cells treated with IRINO exhibited common hallmarks of TIS. To mimic bleeding, colon cancer cells were additionally treated with hemin. High hemin concentration activated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), induced escape from TIS and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and augmented progeny production. The effect was even stronger in hypoxic conditions. Similar results were obtained when TIS cells were treated with another prooxidant agent, H2O2. Silencing of antioxidative enzymes such as catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) maintained colon cancer cells in a senescent state. Our study demonstrates that a high hemin concentration combined with an increased activity of antioxidative enzymes, especially HO-1, leads to escape from the senescence of colon cancer cells. Therefore, our observations could be used in targeted anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Borkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 61 Street, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Olszewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 61 Street, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Skarzynska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Marciniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Skrzeszewski
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School of Translational Medicine, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR CNRS 4301, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Halina Was
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Greene CJ, Attwood K, Sharma NJ, Balderman B, Deng R, Muhitch JB, Smith GJ, Gross KW, Xu B, Kauffman EC. Iron accumulation typifies renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis but abates with pathological progression, sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, and metastasis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:923043. [PMID: 35992801 PMCID: PMC9389085 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.923043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is a potent catalyst of oxidative stress and cellular proliferation implicated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumorigenesis, yet it also drives ferroptosis that suppresses cancer progression and represents a novel therapeutic target for advanced RCC. The von Hippel Lindau (VHL)/hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α) axis is a major regulator of cellular iron, and its inactivation underlying most clear cell (cc) RCC tumors introduces both iron dependency and ferroptosis susceptibility. Despite the central role for iron in VHL/HIF-α signaling and ferroptosis, RCC iron levels and their dynamics during RCC initiation/progression are poorly defined. Here, we conducted a large-scale investigation into the incidence and prognostic significance of total tissue iron in ccRCC and non-ccRCC patient primary tumor cancer cells, tumor microenvironment (TME), metastases and non-neoplastic kidneys. Prussian Blue staining was performed to detect non-heme iron accumulation in over 1600 needle-core sections across multiple tissue microarrays. We found that RCC had significantly higher iron staining scores compared with other solid cancers and, on average, >40 times higher than adjacent renal epithelium. RCC cell iron levels correlated positively with TME iron levels and inversely with RCC levels of the main iron uptake protein, transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1/TFRC/CD71). Intriguingly, RCC iron levels, including in the TME, decreased significantly with pathologic (size/stage/grade) progression, sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, and metastasis, particularly among patients with ccRCC, despite increasing TfR1 levels, consistent with an increasingly iron-deficient tumor state. Opposite to tumor iron changes, adjacent renal epithelial iron increased significantly with RCC/ccRCC progression, sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, and metastasis. Lower tumor iron and higher renal epithelial iron each predicted significantly shorter ccRCC patient metastasis-free survival. In conclusion, iron accumulation typifies RCC tumors but declines toward a relative iron-deficient tumor state during progression to metastasis, despite precisely opposite dynamics in adjacent renal epithelium. These findings raise questions regarding the historically presumed selective advantage for high iron during all phases of cancer evolution, suggesting instead distinct tissue-specific roles during RCC carcinogenesis and early tumorigenesis versus later progression. Future study is warranted to determine how the relative iron deficiency of advanced RCC contributes to ferroptosis resistance and/or introduces a heightened susceptibility to iron deprivation that might be therapeutically exploitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Greene
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nitika J. Sharma
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Benjamin Balderman
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Rongia Deng
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jason B. Muhitch
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Gary J. Smith
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kenneth W. Gross
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Eric C. Kauffman
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Eric C. Kauffman,
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Khodakarami A, Adibfar S, Karpisheh V, Abolhasani S, Jalali P, Mohammadi H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The molecular biology and therapeutic potential of Nrf2 in leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:241. [PMID: 35906617 PMCID: PMC9336077 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor has contradictory roles in cancer, which can act as a tumor suppressor or a proto-oncogene in different cell conditions (depending on the cell type and the conditions of the cell environment). Nrf2 pathway regulates several cellular processes, including signaling, energy metabolism, autophagy, inflammation, redox homeostasis, and antioxidant regulation. As a result, it plays a crucial role in cell survival. Conversely, Nrf2 protects cancerous cells from apoptosis and increases proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. It promotes resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies, so we want to elucidate the role of Nrf2 in cancer and the positive point of its targeting. Also, in the past few years, many studies have shown that Nrf2 protects cancer cells, especially leukemic cells, from the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present paper summarizes these studies to scrutinize whether targeting Nrf2 combined with chemotherapy would be a therapeutic approach for leukemia treatment. Also, we discussed how Nrf2 and NF-κB work together to control the cellular redox pathway. The role of these two factors in inflammation (antagonistic) and leukemia (synergistic) is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Khodakarami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Adibfar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shiva Abolhasani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pooya Jalali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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A Comprehensive Metabolomics Analysis of Fecal Samples from Advanced Adenoma and Colorectal Cancer Patients. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060550. [PMID: 35736483 PMCID: PMC9229737 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) still relies on invasive colonoscopy. Noninvasive methods are less sensitive in detecting the disease, particularly in the early stage. In the current work, a metabolomics analysis of fecal samples was carried out by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS). A total of 1380 metabolites were analyzed in a cohort of 120 fecal samples from patients with normal colonoscopy, advanced adenoma (AA) and CRC. Multivariate analysis revealed that metabolic profiles of CRC and AA patients were similar and could be clearly separated from control individuals. Among the 25 significant metabolites, sphingomyelins (SM), lactosylceramides (LacCer), secondary bile acids, polypeptides, formiminoglutamate, heme and cytidine-containing pyrimidines were found to be dysregulated in CRC patients. Supervised random forest (RF) and logistic regression algorithms were employed to build a CRC accurate predicted model consisting of the combination of hemoglobin (Hgb) and bilirubin E,E, lactosyl-N-palmitoyl-sphingosine, glycocholenate sulfate and STLVT with an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 91.67% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.7753–0.9825), 0.7 and 1, respectively.
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8
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Jagadeesh ASV, Fang X, Kim SH, Guillen-Quispe YN, Zheng J, Surh YJ, Kim SJ. Non-canonical vs. Canonical Functions of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cancer. J Cancer Prev 2022; 27:7-15. [PMID: 35419301 PMCID: PMC8984652 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2022.27.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a critical stress-responsive enzyme that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. HO-1 catalyzes heme degradation, which gives rise to the formation of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and iron. The upregulation of HO-1 under pathological conditions associated with cellular stress represents an important cytoprotective defense mechanism by virtue of the anti-oxidant properties of the bilirubin and the anti-inflammatory effect of the CO produced. The same mechanism is hijacked by premalignant and cancerous cells. In recent years, however, there has been accumulating evidence supporting that the upregulation of HO-1 promotes cancer progression, independently of its catalytic activity. Such non-canonical functions of HO-1 are associated with its interaction with other proteins, particularly transcription factors. HO-1 also undergoes post-translational modifications that influence its stability, functional activity, cellular translocation, etc. HO-1 is normally present in the endoplasmic reticulum, but distinct subcellular localizations, especially in the nucleus, are observed in multiple cancers. The nuclear HO-1 modulates the activation of various transcription factors, which does not appear to be mediated by carbon monoxide and iron. This commentary summarizes the non-canonical functions of HO-1 in the context of cancer growth and progression and underlying regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xizhu Fang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yanymee N. Guillen-Quispe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jie Zheng
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Jagadeesh ASV, Fang X, Kim SH, Guillen-Quispe YN, Zheng J, Surh YJ, Kim SJ. Non-canonical vs. Canonical Functions of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cancer. J Cancer Prev 2022. [PMID: 35419301 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2022.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a critical stress-responsive enzyme that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. HO-1 catalyzes heme degradation, which gives rise to the formation of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and iron. The upregulation of HO-1 under pathological conditions associated with cellular stress represents an important cytoprotective defense mechanism by virtue of the anti-oxidant properties of the bilirubin and the anti-inflammatory effect of the CO produced. The same mechanism is hijacked by premalignant and cancerous cells. In recent years, however, there has been accumulating evidence supporting that the upregulation of HO-1 promotes cancer progression, independently of its catalytic activity. Such non-canonical functions of HO-1 are associated with its interaction with other proteins, particularly transcription factors. HO-1 also undergoes post-translational modifications that influence its stability, functional activity, cellular translocation, etc. HO-1 is normally present in the endoplasmic reticulum, but distinct subcellular localizations, especially in the nucleus, are observed in multiple cancers. The nuclear HO-1 modulates the activation of various transcription factors, which does not appear to be mediated by carbon monoxide and iron. This commentary summarizes the non-canonical functions of HO-1 in the context of cancer growth and progression and underlying regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xizhu Fang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yanymee N Guillen-Quispe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jie Zheng
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Heme Oxygenase-1 Has a Greater Effect on Melanoma Stem Cell Properties Than the Expression of Melanoma-Initiating Cell Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073596. [PMID: 35408953 PMCID: PMC8998882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma-initiating cells (MICs) contribute to the tumorigenicity and heterogeneity of melanoma. MICs are identified by surface and functional markers and have been shown to display cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. However, the existence of MICs that follow the hierarchical CSC model has been questioned by studies showing that single unselected melanoma cells are highly tumorigenic in xenotransplantation assays. Herein, we characterize cells expressing MIC markers (CD20, CD24, CD133, Sca-1, ABCB1, ABCB5, ALDHhigh) in the B16-F10 murine melanoma cell line. We use flow cytometric phenotyping, single-cell sorting followed by in vitro clonogenic assays, and syngeneic in vivo serial transplantation assays to demonstrate that the expression of MIC markers does not select CSC-like cells in this cell line. Previously, our group showed that heme-degrading enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can be upregulated in melanoma and increase its aggressiveness. Here, we show that HO-1 activity is important for non-adherent growth of melanoma and HO-1 overexpression enhances the vasculogenic mimicry potential, which can be considered protumorigenic activity. However, HO-1 overexpression decreases clone formation in vitro and serial tumor initiation in vivo. Thus, HO-1 plays a dual role in melanoma, improving the progression of growing tumors but reducing the risk of melanoma initiation.
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Mazurek M, Szczepanek D, Orzyłowska A, Rola R. Analysis of Factors Affecting 5-ALA Fluorescence Intensity in Visualizing Glial Tumor Cells-Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020926. [PMID: 35055109 PMCID: PMC8779265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glial tumors are one of the most common lesions of the central nervous system. Despite the implementation of appropriate treatment, the prognosis is not successful. As shown in the literature, maximal tumor resection is a key element in improving therapeutic outcome. One of the methods to achieve it is the use of fluorescent intraoperative navigation with 5-aminolevulinic acid. Unfortunately, often the level of fluorescence emitted is not satisfactory, resulting in difficulties in the course of surgery. This article summarizes currently available knowledge regarding differences in the level of emitted fluorescence. It may depend on both the histological type and the genetic profile of the tumor, which is reflected in the activity and expression of enzymes involved in the intracellular metabolism of fluorescent dyes, such as PBGD, FECH, UROS, and ALAS. The transport of 5-aminolevulinic acid and its metabolites across the blood–brain barrier and cell membranes mediated by transporters, such as ABCB6 and ABCG2, is also important. Accompanying therapies, such as antiepileptic drugs or steroids, also have an impact on light emission by tumor cells. Accurate determination of the factors influencing the fluorescence of 5-aminolevulinic acid-treated cells may contribute to the improvement of fluorescence navigation in patients with highly malignant gliomas.
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Akaishi R, Fujishima F, Ishida H, Tsunokake J, Yamauchi T, Gokon Y, Ueki S, Fukutomi T, Okamoto H, Takaya K, Sato C, Taniyama Y, Nakamura T, Nakaya N, Kamei T, Sasano H. Correlation between TXNRD1/HO-1 expression and response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Esophagus 2022; 19:436-443. [PMID: 34999996 PMCID: PMC9166848 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-021-00904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) are both involved in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and play key roles in antioxidant responses. In patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the correlation between the expression of these two proteins and the therapeutic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NACRT), as well as the difference in their expression after chemoradiotherapy, remains unknown. METHODS Proteins involved in the Nrf2 pathway were immunolocalized in carcinoma cells in ESCC patients on NACRT with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin, followed by esophagectomy. The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were used to quantify reactive oxygen species. The changes in immunoreactivity before and after NACRT (Δ) were assessed. RESULTS Tumor reduction following NACRT was significantly attenuated in pre-therapeutic biopsy specimens associated with high HO-1 status. TXNRD1Δ, HO-1Δ, and 8-OHdGΔ were significantly different in the ineffective and effective groups. The overall survival was significantly lower in high Nrf2 and TXNRD1 groups. In addition, high TXNRD1 expression was an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis of overall survival. CONCLUSIONS The study findings indicate that HO-1 status in pre-therapeutic biopsy specimens could predict response to NACRT, and TXNRD1 status could predict overall survival of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryujiro Akaishi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hirotaka Ishida
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junichi Tsunokake
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Yamauchi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusuke Gokon
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ueki
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukutomi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kai Takaya
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sato
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taniyama
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Department of Health Record Informatics Information Security, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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Expression Dynamics of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Tumor Cells and the Host Contributes to the Progression of Tumors. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11121340. [PMID: 34945812 PMCID: PMC8704574 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11121340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO-1) plays an important role in cellular protection against various stresses. The induction of HO-1 is an effective strategy for reactive oxygen species-related diseases, inflammatory diseases, as well as suppressing carcinogenesis. On the other hand, the high expression of HO-1 is now well known in many tumors. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of HO-1 expression in the host and the tumor. In the mouse sarcoma S180 solid tumor model and the rat hepatoma AH136B ascitic tumor model, HO-1 expression in the tumor, as indicated by the end product of HO-1 activation, i.e., carbon monoxide, gradually increased along with tumor growth. Over-expression of HO-1 expression in mouse colon cancer C26 tumor cells significantly promoted tumor growth as well as lung metastasis, whereas opposite results were found when the HO-1 expression was reduced in the cells. On the other hand, upregulating HO-1 levels in the host by using an HO-1 inducer protected the progression of the xenograft tumor in mice, whereas lowering HO-1 expression in the host with an HO-1 inhibitor showed accelerated tumor growth and lung metastasis after subcutaneous tumor xenograft inoculation. These findings strongly suggest that the balance of HO-1 levels in the host and the tumor cells is essential for the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of cancer. Maintenance of appropriately high HO-1 levels in the host is favorable for cancer prevention, whereas suppression of HO-1 in the tumor cells may thus become a therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Akaishi R, Fujishima F, Ishida H, Tsunokake J, Yamauchi T, Gokon Y, Ueki S, Fukutomi T, Okamoto H, Takaya K, Sato C, Taniyama Y, Nakamura T, Nakaya N, Kamei T, Sasano H. HO-1 in lymph node metastasis predicted overall survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 5:e1477. [PMID: 34264023 PMCID: PMC8955080 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis is one of the pivotal factors of the clinical outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NACRT). Both the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) are frequently upregulated in various human malignancies and associated with resistance to chemoradiation therapy, subsequently resulting in adverse clinical outcomes. However, the Nrf2 and HO-1 status in lymph node metastasis and their differences between primary and metastatic lesions are unknown. AIMS To examine the levels of Nrf2 signaling proteins and HO-1 in primary and metastatic lesions of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using immunohistochemistry. METHODS AND RESULTS We immunolocalized Nrf2 signaling proteins in 69 patients with lymph node metastases, who received NACRT with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin before esophagectomy. We also compared the findings between primary and metastatic lesions. Residual lymph node metastases were detected in 30 patients and among them, both primary and metastatic lesions were available for evaluation in 25 patients. Subsequently, we correlated the results with patients' survival. Nrf2, HO-1, and the Ki-67 labeling index were all significantly lower in the patients with lymph node metastases than in those with primary tumors. Carcinoma cells with high HO-1 levels were significantly associated with pathological resistance to NACRT. These results suggested that overall and disease-free survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were significantly associated with both pN2 and high HO-1 levels, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Protein expression in the Nrf2 pathway was significantly lower in patients with lymph node metastases than in those with primary lesions. HO-1 levels in lymph node metastases could be used to predict the eventual clinical outcome of patients with esophageal cancer receiving NACRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryujiro Akaishi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hirotaka Ishida
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junichi Tsunokake
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Yamauchi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusuke Gokon
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ueki
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukutomi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kai Takaya
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sato
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taniyama
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Department of Health Record Informatics Information Security, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Department of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University Graduate School, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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15
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Nitti M, Ivaldo C, Traverso N, Furfaro AL. Clinical Significance of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Tumor Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050789. [PMID: 34067625 PMCID: PMC8155918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) plays a key role in cell adaptation to stressors through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of its metabolic products. For these reasons, in cancer cells, HO-1 can favor aggressiveness and resistance to therapies, leading to poor prognosis/outcome. Genetic polymorphisms of HO-1 promoter have been associated with an increased risk of cancer progression and a high degree of therapy failure. Moreover, evidence from cancer biopsies highlights the possible correlation between HO-1 expression, pathological features, and clinical outcome. Indeed, high levels of HO-1 in tumor specimens often correlate with reduced survival rates. Furthermore, HO-1 modulation has been proposed in order to improve the efficacy of antitumor therapies. However, contrasting evidence on the role of HO-1 in tumor biology has been reported. This review focuses on the role of HO-1 as a promising biomarker of cancer progression; understanding the correlation between HO-1 and clinical data might guide the therapeutic choice and improve the outcome of patients in terms of prognosis and life quality.
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16
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Gamage SMK, Lee KTW, Dissabandara DLO, Lam AKY, Gopalan V. Dual role of heme iron in cancer; promotor of carcinogenesis and an inducer of tumour suppression. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 120:104642. [PMID: 33905708 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heme is a crucial compound for cell survival but is also equipped with the potential to be toxic and carcinogenic to cells. However, with the recent advancement of knowledge regarding ferroptosis, the iron mediated cell death, heme can be postulated to induce tumour suppression through ferroptosis. This review summarizes the literature on the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties of heme with specific emphasis on the alterations observed on heme synthesis, metabolism and transport in tumour cells. METHODS Literature search was performed in PubMed data base using the MeSH terms 'heme iron or heme', 'cancer or carcinogenesis' and 'tumour suppression' or 'anticarcinogenic properties. Out of 189 results, 166 were relevant to the current review. RESULTS Heme supports carcinogenesis via modulation of immune cell function, promoting inflammation and gut dysbiosis, impeding tumour suppressive potential of P53 gene, promoting cellular cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species generation and modulating Nfr2 /HO-1 axis. The carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties of heme are both dose and oxygen concentration dependant. At low doses, heme is harmless and even helpful in maintaining the much-needed redox balance within the cell. However, when heme exceeds physiological concentrations, it could initiate and propagate carcinogenesis, due to its ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). The same phenomenon of heme mediated ROS generation could be manipulated to initiate tumour suppression via ferroptosis, but the therapeutic doses are yet to be determined. CONCLUSION Heme iron possesses powerful carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties which are dosage and oxygen availability dependant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujani M K Gamage
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Katherine T W Lee
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - D Lakal O Dissabandara
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia.
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Heme Oxygenase-1 Signaling and Redox Homeostasis in Physiopathological Conditions. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040589. [PMID: 33923744 PMCID: PMC8072688 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme-oxygenase is the enzyme responsible for degradation of endogenous iron protoporphyirin heme; it catalyzes the reaction’s rate-limiting step, resulting in the release of carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous ions, and biliverdin (BV), which is successively reduced in bilirubin (BR) by biliverdin reductase. Several studies have drawn attention to the controversial role of HO-1, the enzyme inducible isoform, pointing out its implications in cancer and other diseases development, but also underlining the importance of its antioxidant activity. The contribution of HO-1 in redox homeostasis leads to a relevant decrease in cells oxidative damage, which can be reconducted to its cytoprotective effects explicated alongside other endogenous mechanisms involving genes like TIGAR (TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator), but also to the therapeutic functions of heme main transformation products, especially carbon monoxide (CO), which has been shown to be effective on GSH levels implementation sustaining body’s antioxidant response to oxidative stress. The aim of this review was to collect most of the knowledge on HO-1 from literature, analyzing different perspectives to try and put forward a hypothesis on revealing yet unknown HO-1-involved pathways that could be useful to promote development of new therapeutical strategies, and lay the foundation for further investigation to fully understand this important antioxidant system.
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18
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Luu Hoang KN, Anstee JE, Arnold JN. The Diverse Roles of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Tumor Progression. Front Immunol 2021; 12:658315. [PMID: 33868304 PMCID: PMC8044534 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.658315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible intracellular enzyme that is expressed in response to a variety of stimuli to degrade heme, which generates the biologically active catabolites carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin and ferrous iron (Fe2+). HO-1 is expressed across a range of cancers and has been demonstrated to promote tumor progression through a variety of mechanisms. HO-1 can be expressed in a variety of cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), including both the malignant tumor cells as well as stromal cell populations such as macrophages, dendritic cells and regulatory T-cells. Intrinsically to the cell, HO-1 activity provides antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective effects via its catabolites as well as clearing toxic intracellular heme. However, the catabolites of heme degradation can also diffuse outside of the cell to extrinsically modulate the wider TME, influencing cellular functionality and biological processes which promote tumor progression, such as facilitating angiogenesis and metastasis, as well as promoting anti-inflammation and immune suppression. Pharmacological inhibition of HO-1 has been demonstrated to be a promising therapeutic approach to promote anti-tumor immune responses and inhibit metastasis. However, these biological functions might be context, TME and cell type-dependent as there is also conflicting reports for HO-1 activity facilitating anti-tumoral processes. This review will consider our current understanding of the role of HO-1 in cancer progression and as a therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Ngan Luu Hoang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne E Anstee
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James N Arnold
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Bukowska-Strakova K, Włodek J, Pitera E, Kozakowska M, Konturek-Cieśla A, Cieśla M, Gońka M, Nowak W, Wieczorek A, Pawińska-Wąsikowska K, Józkowicz A, Siedlar M. Role of HMOX1 Promoter Genetic Variants in Chemoresistance and Chemotherapy Induced Neutropenia in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22030988. [PMID: 33498175 PMCID: PMC7863945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22030988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst the survival rates of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have increased remarkably over the last decades, the therapy resistance and toxicity are still the major causes of treatment failure. It was shown that overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) promotes proliferation and chemoresistance of cancer cells. In humans, the HO-1 gene (HMOX1) expression is modulated by two polymorphisms in the promoter region: (GT)n-length polymorphism and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) A(−413)T, with short GT repeat sequences and 413-A variants linked to an increased HO-1 inducibility. We found that the short alleles are significantly more frequent in ALL patients in comparison to the control group, and that their presence may be associated with a higher risk of treatment failure, reflecting the role of HO-1 in chemoresistance. We also observed that the presence of short alleles may predispose to develop chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. In case of SNP, the 413-T variant co-segregated with short or long alleles, while 413-A almost selectively co-segregated with long alleles, hence it is not possible to determine if SNPs are actually of phenotypic significance. Our results suggest that HO-1 can be a potential target to overcome the treatment failure in ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bukowska-Strakova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-S.); (A.J.); (M.S.); Tel.: +48-(12)-664-6411 (A.J.); +48-(12)-658-2486 (M.S.); Fax: +48-(12)-658-1756 (M.S.)
| | - Joanna Włodek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Ewelina Pitera
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Magdalena Kozakowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Anna Konturek-Cieśla
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Maciej Cieśla
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Monika Gońka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Witold Nowak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
| | - Aleksandra Wieczorek
- Pediatric, Oncology and Hematology Department, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.W.); (K.P.-W.)
| | - Katarzyna Pawińska-Wąsikowska
- Pediatric, Oncology and Hematology Department, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.W.); (K.P.-W.)
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.K.-C.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (W.N.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-S.); (A.J.); (M.S.); Tel.: +48-(12)-664-6411 (A.J.); +48-(12)-658-2486 (M.S.); Fax: +48-(12)-658-1756 (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Siedlar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-663 Kraków, Poland; (J.W.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-S.); (A.J.); (M.S.); Tel.: +48-(12)-664-6411 (A.J.); +48-(12)-658-2486 (M.S.); Fax: +48-(12)-658-1756 (M.S.)
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Fernández-Fierro A, Funes SC, Rios M, Covián C, González J, Kalergis AM. Immune Modulation by Inhibitors of the HO System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010294. [PMID: 33396647 PMCID: PMC7794909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system involves three isoforms of this enzyme, HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3. The three of them display the same catalytic activity, oxidating the heme group to produce biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide (CO). HO-1 is the isoform most widely studied in proinflammatory diseases because treatments that overexpress this enzyme promote the generation of anti-inflammatory products. However, neonatal jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) derived from HO overexpression led to the development of inhibitors, such as those based on metaloproto- and meso-porphyrins inhibitors with competitive activity. Further, non-competitive inhibitors have also been identified, such as synthetic and natural imidazole-dioxolane-based, small synthetic molecules, inhibitors of the enzyme regulation pathway, and genetic engineering using iRNA or CRISPR cas9. Despite most of the applications of the HO inhibitors being related to metabolic diseases, the beneficial effects of these molecules in immune-mediated diseases have also emerged. Different medical implications, including cancer, Alzheimer´s disease, and infections, are discussed in this article and as to how the selective inhibition of HO isoforms may contribute to the treatment of these ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayleen Fernández-Fierro
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Samanta C. Funes
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas—Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina;
| | - Mariana Rios
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Camila Covián
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jorge González
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-22-686-2842
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Was H, Cichon T, Smolarczyk R, Lackowska B, Mazur-Bialy A, Mazur M, Szade A, Dominik P, Mazan M, Kotlinowski J, Zebzda A, Kusienicka A, Kieda C, Dulak J, Jozkowicz A. Effect of Heme Oxygenase-1 on Melanoma Development in Mice-Role of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121223. [PMID: 33287312 PMCID: PMC7761646 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a cytoprotective, proangiogenic and anti-inflammatory enzyme that is often upregulated in tumors. Overexpression of HO-1 in melanoma cells leads to enhanced tumor growth, augmented angiogenesis and resistance to anticancer treatment. The effect of HO-1 in host cells on tumor development is, however, hardly known. Methods and results: To clarify the effect of HO-1 expression in host cells on melanoma progression, C57BL/6xFvB mice of different HO-1 genotypes, HO-1+/+, HO-1+/−, and HO-1−/−, were injected with the syngeneic wild-type murine melanoma B16(F10) cell line. Lack of HO-1 in host cells did not significantly influence the host survival. Nevertheless, in comparison to the wild-type counterparts, the HO-1+/− and HO-1−/− males formed bigger tumors, and more numerous lung nodules; in addition, more of them had liver and spleen micrometastases. Females of all genotypes developed at least 10 times smaller tumors than males. Of importance, the growth of primary and secondary tumors was completely blocked in HO-1+/+ females. This was related to the increased infiltration of leukocytes (mainly lymphocytes T) in primary tumors. Conclusions: Although HO-1 overexpression in melanoma cells can enhance tumor progression in mice, its presence in host cells, including immune cells, can reduce growth and metastasis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Was
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Tomasz Cichon
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (T.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Ryszard Smolarczyk
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (T.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Bozena Lackowska
- Department of Pathology, Oncology Center, 31-115 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Mazur-Bialy
- Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Mazur
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
| | - Agata Szade
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
| | - Pawel Dominik
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
| | - Milena Mazan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
| | - Jerzy Kotlinowski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
| | - Anna Zebzda
- Transplantation Centre, Jagiellonian University, 30-663 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Anna Kusienicka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jozef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.M.); (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.M.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (A.J.)
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Talabnin C, Talabnin K, Wongkham S. Enhancement of piperlongumine chemosensitivity by silencing heme oxygenase-1 expression in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2483-2492. [PMID: 32782567 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces G2/M-phase arrest in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells via the JNK/ERK pathway. A differential response to PL was observed among all CCA cell lines However, the underlying mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of PL-induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in CCA cell lines. The anti-proliferative action of PL in the CCA cell lines KKU-100 and KKU-213A was analyzed using sulforhodamine B assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were used to examine mRNA and protein expression. HO-1 inhibition was achieved using the chemical inhibitor zinc protophoryn or specific small interfering RNA to HO-1. Intracellular ROS was detected using a 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence assay. High expression of phase-II detoxification enzymes, including NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1, heme oxygenase-1, superoxide dismutases and aldo-keto reductase 1 subunits C-1 and 3, were detected in the KKU-100 cell line. Of the CCA cell lines tested, KKU-100 was the least sensitive to PL. Dose-dependent upregulation of HO-1 expression via PI3K/Akt activation was detected in PL-treated CCA cells. Inhibition of HO-1 eliminated the antioxidant defense mechanisms, leading to increased anti-cancer activity of PL in the CCA cell lines via an increase in intracellular ROS levels and apoptotic protein expression. These observations indicated that HO-1 inhibition had a chemosensitizing effect on CCA to PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Talabnin
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Krajang Talabnin
- School of Pathology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Jang HY, Hong OY, Chung EY, Park KH, Kim JS. Roles of JNK/Nrf2 Pathway on Hemin-Induced Heme Oxygenase-1 Activation in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56060268. [PMID: 32485912 PMCID: PMC7353851 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56060268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is highly induced in various human disease states, including cancer, indicating that HO-1 is an emerging target of cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated that the mechanisms of hemin-induced HO-1 expression and its signaling pathways in human breast cancer cell. We used MCF-7 cells, a human breast cancer cell line. Hemin increased HO-1 expression in MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Hemin enhanced HO-1 expression through the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) signaling pathway. Hemin also induced activation of Nrf2, a major transcription factor of HO-1 expression. These responses in MCF-7 cells were completely blocked by pretreatment with brazilin, a HO-1 regulator. These results indicated that brazilin inhibits hemin-induced HO-1 expressions through inactivation of JNK/Nrf2 in MCF-7 cells. Thus, our findings suggest that HO-1 is an important anticancer-target of brazilin in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yeon Jang
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (H.-Y.J.); (O.-Y.H.)
| | - On-Yu Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (H.-Y.J.); (O.-Y.H.)
| | - Eun-Yong Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Korea;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Park
- Department of Emergency Medical Rescue, Nambu University, Gwangju 62271, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-62-970-0220 (K.-H.P.); +82-63-270-3085 (J.-S.K.)
| | - Jong-Suk Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (H.-Y.J.); (O.-Y.H.)
- Correspondence: (K.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-62-970-0220 (K.-H.P.); +82-63-270-3085 (J.-S.K.)
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Heme Oxygenase-1 in Central Nervous System Malignancies. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051562. [PMID: 32455831 PMCID: PMC7290325 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system tumors are the most common pediatric solid tumors and account for 20–25% of all childhood malignancies. Several lines of evidence suggest that brain tumors show altered redox homeostasis that triggers the activation of various survival pathways, leading to disease progression and chemoresistance. Among these pathways, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays an important role. HO-1 catalyzes the enzymatic degradation of heme with the simultaneous release of carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron (Fe2+), and biliverdin. The biological effects of HO-1 in tumor cells have been shown to be cell-specific since, in some tumors, its upregulation promotes cell cycle arrest and cellular death, whereas, in other neoplasms, it is associated with tumor survival and progression. This review focuses on the role of HO-1 in central nervous system malignancies and the possibility of exploiting such a target to improve the outcome of well-established therapeutic regimens. Finally, several studies show that HO-1 overexpression is involved in the development and resistance of brain tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, suggesting the use of HO-1 as an innovative therapeutic target to overcome drug resistance. The following keywords were used to search the literature related to this topic: nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2, heme oxygenase, neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, meningioma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, glioblastoma multiforme, and gliomas.
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Castruccio Castracani C, Longhitano L, Distefano A, Di Rosa M, Pittalà V, Lupo G, Caruso M, Corona D, Tibullo D, Li Volti G. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide Regulate Growth and Progression in Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2436-2446. [PMID: 32108290 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01869-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In human glioma tumours, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is overexpressed when compared with normal brain tissues and during oligodendroglioma progression. However, the molecular mechanisms mediated by HO-1 to promote glioblastoma remain unknown. We therefore aimed at investigating the effect of HO-1 expression and its selective enzymatic inhibition in two different cell lines (i.e. A172 and U87-MG). HO-1 was induced by hemin treatment (10 μM), and VP13/47 (100 μM) was used as a specific non-competitive inhibitor of HO-1 activity. Cell proliferation was measured by cell index measurement (xCelligence technology) and clonogenic assay, whereas cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) (i.e. CORM-3 and CORM-A1) were also used in a separate set of experiments to confirm the effect of HO-1 by-product in glioblastoma progression further. Our results were further validated using GSE4412 microarray dataset analysis and comparing biopsies overexpressing HO-1 with the rest of the cases. Our results showed that hemin was able to induce both HO-1 gene and protein expression in a cell-dependent manner being A172 more responsive to pharmacological upregulation of HO-1. Hemin, but not CORMs treatment, resulted in a significant increase of cell proliferation following 24 h of treatment as measured by increased cell index and colony formation capacity and such effect was abolished by VP13/47. Interestingly, both hemin and CORMs showed a significant effect on the wound healing assay also exhibiting cell specificity. Finally, our dataset analysis showed a positive correlation of HO-1 gene expression with ITGBI and ITGBII which are membrane receptors involved in cell adhesion, embryogenesis, tissue repair, immune response and metastatic diffusion of tumour cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that HO-1 and its by-product CO exhibit a cell-specific effect on various aspects of disease progression and are associated with a complex series of molecular mechanisms driving cell proliferation, survival and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Castruccio Castracani
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Longhitano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Corona
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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Heme Oxygenases: Cellular Multifunctional and Protective Molecules against UV-Induced Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5416728. [PMID: 31885801 PMCID: PMC6907065 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5416728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can be considered as a double-edged sword: not only is it a crucial environmental factor that can cause skin-related disorders but it can also be used for phototherapy of skin diseases. Inducible heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in response to a variety of stimuli, including UV exposure, is vital to maintain cell homeostasis. Heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2), another member of the heme oxygenase family, is constitutively expressed. In this review, we discuss how heme oxygenase (HO), a vital rate-limiting enzyme, participates in heme catabolism and cytoprotection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there may exist a functional differentiation between HO-1 and HO-2 during evolution. Furthermore, depending on functions in immunomodulation and antioxidation, HO-1 participates in disease progression, especially in pathogenesis of skin diseases, such as vitiligo and psoriasis. To further investigate the particular role of HO-1 in diseases, we summarized the profile of the HO enzyme system and its related signaling pathways, such as Nrf2 and endoplasmic reticulum crucial signaling, both known to regulate HO-1 expression. Furthermore, we report on a C-terminal truncation of HO-1, which is generally considered as a signal molecule. Also, a newly identified alternative splice isoform of HO-1 not only provides us a novel perspective on comprehensive HO-1 alternative splicing but also offers us a basis to clarify the relationship between HO-1 transcripts and oxidative diseases. To conclude, the HO system is not only involved in heme catabolism but also involved in biological processes related to the pathogenesis of certain diseases, even though the mechanism of disease progression still remains sketchy. Further understanding the role of the HO system and its relationship to UV is helpful for revealing the HO-related signaling networks and the pathogenesis of many diseases.
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Cesna V, Sukovas A, Jasukaitiene A, Silkuniene G, Paskauskas S, Dambrauskas Z, Gulbinas A. Stimulated upregulation of HO-1 is associated with inadequate response of gastric and ovarian cancer cell lines to hyperthermia and cisplatin treatment. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1961-1968. [PMID: 31423266 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a heat shock protein induced by hyperthermia, responsible for cellular resistance to temperature. The aim of this in vitro study was to clarify the response of gastric and ovarian cancer cells to hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, following the modulation of HO-1 expression. AGS and OVCAR-3 cells were treated with different temperature regimens, either alone or in combination with an IC50 dose of cisplatin for 1 h. Prior to treatment, HO-1 expression was silenced by short interfering RNA transfection. In OVCAR-3 cells, cisplatin increased HO-1 mRNA expression by 3.73-fold under normothermia and 2.4-fold under hyperthermia; furthermore, these factors similarly increased HO-1 protein expression levels. Exposure to cisplatin under hyperthermia reduced the viability of OVCAR-3 cells by 36% and HO-1-silencing enhanced this effect by 20%. HO-1-silencing under normothermia increased apoptotic rates in cisplatin-treated OVCAR-3 cells by 2.07-fold, and hyperthermia enhanced the effect by 3.09-fold. Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cell analysis indicated that exposure to cisplatin decreased the cell index under normothermia, and that hyperthermia boosted this effect in OVCAR-3. In AGS cells, only temperature increased cellular HO-1 levels. Silencing HO-1 in AGS cells at 37°C reduced viability by 16% and increased apoptotic rates 2.63-fold. Hyperthermia did not affect AGS viability; however, apoptosis was increased 6.84-fold. PCR analysis indicated no additional effects of hyperthermia on the AGS cell index. HO-1 is induced in cancer cells by different stressors in a variable manner. In tumors with highly inducible HO-1, prior silencing of this gene could improve the cellular response to hyperthermia and cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidotas Cesna
- Department of Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arturas Sukovas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aldona Jasukaitiene
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Silkuniene
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Paskauskas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Zilvinas Dambrauskas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Antanas Gulbinas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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28
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Park CS, Eom DW, Ahn Y, Jang HJ, Hwang S, Lee SG. Can heme oxygenase-1 be a prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma? Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16084. [PMID: 31261522 PMCID: PMC6617477 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an important catalytic enzyme in heme degradation, which increases during stressful conditions. It plays a major role in antioxidative and antiapoptotic processes and is associated with tumor growth and metastasis.This study aimed to evaluate the degree of HO-1 expressions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgical specimens and the correlation between HO-1 expression and patient prognosis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HCC tissue samples (n = 96) were included in the analysis, and the expression of HO-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. We reviewed clinical features of patients and evaluated the prognostic role of HO-1 in patient survival and recurrence.Positive HO-1 expression was identified in 43 cases (44.8%) and was frequently found in patients with advanced histology (Edmondson-Steiner [E-S] grade 2, 3, 4), α-fetoprotein (AFP) level of more than 200 IU/mL, and the presence of microvascular and capsular invasion (P < .05). In the univariate analysis, the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with HO-1-positive HCC were not statistically different from those with HO-1-negative HCC. Moreover, HO-1 expression was not associated with patient survival and recurrence based on the multivariate analysis. In the subgroup analysis of patients without preoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (n = 61), HO-1 was not also associated with tumor recurrence (P = .681).The clinical implication of HO-1 activity is controversial in various malignancies. However, HO-1 expression did not seem to influence the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheon-Soo Park
- Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Dae-Woon Eom
- Department of Pathology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine
| | - Yongchel Ahn
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine
| | - Hyuk Jai Jang
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung
| | - Shin Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gyu Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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29
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Abdalla MY, Ahmad IM, Rachagani S, Banerjee K, Thompson CM, Maurer HC, Olive KP, Bailey KL, Britigan BE, Kumar S. Enhancing responsiveness of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine treatment under hypoxia by heme oxygenase-1 inhibition. Transl Res 2019; 207:56-69. [PMID: 30653942 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies and has one of the worst prognoses leading to a meager 5-year survival rate of ∼8%. Chemotherapy has had limited success in extending the life span of patients with advanced PDAC due to poor tumor perfusion and hypoxia-induced resistance. Hypoxia reprograms the gene expression profile and upregulates the expression of multiple genes including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which provide survival advantage to PDAC cells. However, the relationships between HO-1, hypoxia, and response to chemotherapy is unclear. Our results showed that hypoxia upregulates the expression of HO-1 in PDAC cells, and HO-1 inhibition using the HO-1 inhibitors zinc protoporphyrin, tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP), and HO-1 knockout using CRISPR/Cas9 suppresses the proliferation of PDAC cells under hypoxia and sensitize them to gemcitabine under in vitro conditions. Treating orthotopic tumors with SnPP, or SnPP in combination with gemcitabine, significantly reduced the weight of pancreatic tumors (P < 0.05), decreased metastasis and improved the efficacy of gemcitabine treatment (P < 0.05). Mechanistically, inhibition of HO-1 increased the production of reactive oxygen species as demonstrated by increased dihydroethidium, and Mitosox, disrupted glutathione cycle, and enhanced apoptosis. There was significant increase in cleaved caspase-3 staining in tumors after combined treatment with SnPP and gemcitabine comparing to control or gemcitabine alone. In addition, inhibiting HO-1 reduced expression of stemness markers (CD133, and CD44) as compared to control or gemcitabine. Overall, our study may present a novel therapeutic regimen that might be adopted for the treatment of PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Y Abdalla
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
| | - Iman M Ahmad
- Department of Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kasturi Banerjee
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Christopher M Thompson
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - H Carlo Maurer
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology & Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth P Olive
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology & Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Katie L Bailey
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Bradley E Britigan
- Research Service, VA Medical Center, Nebraska/Western Iowa, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Internal Medicine; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Maamoun H, Benameur T, Pintus G, Munusamy S, Agouni A. Crosstalk Between Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress in Endothelial Dysfunction and Aberrant Angiogenesis Associated With Diabetes: A Focus on the Protective Roles of Heme Oxygenase (HO)-1. Front Physiol 2019; 10:70. [PMID: 30804804 PMCID: PMC6378556 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes prevalence is continuing to rise worldwide due to physical inactivity and obesity epidemic. Diabetes and fluctuations of blood sugar are related to multiple micro- and macrovascular complications, that are attributed to oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activation and inflammatory processes, which lead to endothelial dysfunction characterized, among other features, by reduced availability of nitric oxide (NO) and aberrant angiogenic capacity. Several enzymatic anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents have been found to play protective roles against oxidative stress and its downstream signaling pathways. Of particular interest, heme oxygenase (HO) isoforms, specifically HO-1, have attracted much attention as major cytoprotective players in conditions associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. HO operates as a key rate-limiting enzyme in the process of degradation of the iron-containing molecule, heme, yielding the following byproducts: carbon monoxide (CO), iron, and biliverdin. Because HO-1 induction was linked to pro-oxidant states, it has been regarded as a marker of oxidative stress; however, accumulating evidence has established multiple cytoprotective roles of the enzyme in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. The cytoprotective effects of HO-1 depend on several cellular mechanisms including the generation of bilirubin, an anti-oxidant molecule, from the degradation of heme; the induction of ferritin, a strong chelator of free iron; and the release of CO, that displays multiple anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic actions. The current review article describes the major molecular mechanisms contributing to endothelial dysfunction and altered angiogenesis in diabetes with a special focus on the interplay between oxidative stress and ER stress response. The review summarizes the key cytoprotective roles of HO-1 against hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction and aberrant angiogenesis and discusses the major underlying cellular mechanisms associated with its protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Maamoun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek Benameur
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shankar Munusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Drake University, Des Moines, IA, United States
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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31
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Song J, Zhang X, Liao Z, Liang H, Chu L, Dong W, Zhang X, Ge Q, Liu Q, Fan P, Zhang Z, Zhang B. 14-3-3ζ inhibits heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) degradation and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation: involvement of STAT3 signaling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:3. [PMID: 30606233 PMCID: PMC6319010 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-1007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) has been reported to be very important in the pathogenesis or progression of multiple types of cancer. Identification of novel hmox1 binding proteins may reveal undefined oncogenes, tumor suppressors, signaling pathways, and possible treatment targets. Methods Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses were used to identify novel regulators of HO-1. The association of the 14–3-3ζ protein with HO-1 and modulation of the stability of HO-1 were investigated by co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and quantitative RT-PCR. Degradation and in vivo ubiquitination assays were utilized to examine whether 14–3-3ζ stabilizes the HO-1 protein by inhibiting its ubiquitination. The effect of 14–3-3ζ on proliferation was investigated by function assays conducted in vitro using the CCK-8 and colony formation assays and in vivo in a xenograft mouse model. The biological functions of the 14–3-3ζ/HO-1 axis were demonstrated by western blotting and rescue experiments. Using gain-of-function and loss-of-function strategies, we further clarified the impact of 14–3-3ζ/HO-1 complex on the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in cancer cells. Results We identified 14–3-3ζ as a novel HO-1 binding protein. The binding inhibited the ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of HO-1, thus facilitating its stabilization. Enforced expression of 14–3-3ζ significantly promoted cell proliferation in vitro, as well as tumorigenesis in vivo, while 14–3-3ζ knockdown had opposite effects. The data indicated that 14–3-3ζ can stabilize HO-1 expression and thus influence cancer cell proliferation. We further demonstrated the involvement of the STAT3 pathway in 14–3-3ζ/HO-1 regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation. Conclusions Collectively, these data show that 14–3-3ζ regulates the stability of HO-1 to promote cancer cell proliferation and STAT3 signaling activation. The data establish the 14–3-3ζ-HO-1-STAT3 axis as an important regulatory mechanism of cancer cell growth and implicate HO-1 and 14–3-3ζ as potential therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-1007-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaochao Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Liang Chu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qianyun Ge
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qiumeng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pan Fan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhanguo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Jiang Y, Liu G, Zhang L, Cheng S, Luo C, Liao Y, Guo S. Therapeutic efficacy of hydrogen‑rich saline alone and in combination with PI3K inhibitor in non‑small cell lung cancer. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2182-2190. [PMID: 29901139 PMCID: PMC6072234 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of combination therapy of LY294002, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), with hydrogen-rich saline on the proliferation and apoptosis of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cell line and the mechanisms underpinning this. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may induce DNA mutations, DNA damage, genomic instability and cell proliferation, and ROS are involved in several types of cancer, particularly lung cancer. In a previous study, hydrogen was recognized as an antioxidant in preventive and therapeutic applications. The PI3K/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway is an important signaling pathway that may activate downstream of a series of extracellular signals and impact on cellular processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and survival. To date, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway has been indicated as a feasible target for novel antineoplastic drugs. Different strategies combining the two treatment modalities have been used in cancer therapy in order to achieve an improved therapeutic response and longer control of tumor modalities control. The present study investigated the effect of hydrogen-rich saline alone and in combination with the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, on the proliferation, oxidative stress and apoptosis of NSCLC A549 cells. This combination therapy may be more effective than separate drug treatment; it decreased the malondialdehyde level and increased the superoxide dismutase activity. The combination therapy also enhanced the efficacy of anti-proliferation and apoptosis. Similarly, the results of the present study demonstrated that administration of the two agents in combination may inhibit phospho-Akt activity, and reduce expression of heme oxygenase-1 and nuclear factor-κB p65. The results further suggested that the combination therapy may reduce cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis by downregulating Akt phosphorylation and inhibiting the PI3K pathway in NSCLC cell lines. Therefore, the present study provided evidence that combined therapy may be a novel therapeutic option for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University‑Town Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University‑Town Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University‑Town Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University‑Town Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University‑Town Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Heme Oxygenase Inhibition Sensitizes Neuroblastoma Cells to Carfilzomib. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1451-1460. [PMID: 29948946 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1133-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonic malignancy affecting the physiological development of adrenal medulla and paravertebral sympathetic ganglia in early infancy. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) (i.e., carfilzomib (CFZ)) may represent a possible pharmacological treatment for solid tumors including NB. In the present study, we tested the effect of a novel non-competitive inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), LS1/71, as a possible adjuvant therapy for the efficacy of CFZ in neuroblastoma cells. Our results showed that CFZ increased both HO-1 gene expression (about 18-fold) and HO activity (about 8-fold), following activation of the ER stress pathway. The involvement of HO-1 in CFZ-mediated cytotoxicity was further confirmed by the protective effect of pharmacological induction of HO-1, significantly attenuating cytotoxicity. In addition, HO-1 selective inhibition by a specific siRNA increased the cytotoxic effect following CFZ treatment in NB whereas SnMP, a competitive pharmacological inhibitor of HO, showed no changes in cytotoxicity. Our data suggest that treatment with CFZ produces ER stress in NB without activation of CHOP-mediated apoptosis, whereas co-treatment with CFZ and LS1/71 led to apoptosis activation and CHOP expression induction. In conclusion, our study showed that treatment with the non-competitive inhibitor of HO-1, LS1 / 71, increased cytotoxicity mediated by CFZ, triggering apoptosis following ER stress activation. These results suggest that PIs may represent a possible pharmacological treatment for solid tumors and that HO-1 inhibition may represent a possible strategy to overcome chemoresistance and increase the efficacy of chemotherapic regimens.
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Subashini G, Vidhya K, Arasakumar T, Angayarkanni J, Murugesh E, Saravanan A, Shanmughavel P, Mohan PS. Quinoline-Based Imidazole Derivative as Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibitor: A Strategy for Cancer Treatment. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopalan Subashini
- Department of Chemistry; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore-641046, Tamilnadu India
| | - Kalieswaran Vidhya
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore- 641046, Tamilnadu India
| | - Thangaraj Arasakumar
- Department of Chemistry; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore-641046, Tamilnadu India
| | - Jayaraman Angayarkanni
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore- 641046, Tamilnadu India
| | - Easwaran Murugesh
- Department of Bioinformatics; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore- 641046, Tamilnadu India
| | - Arjunan Saravanan
- BU-DRDO CLS; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore- 641046, Tamilnadu India
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Li Volti G, Tibullo D, Vanella L, Giallongo C, Di Raimondo F, Forte S, Di Rosa M, Signorelli SS, Barbagallo I. The Heme Oxygenase System in Hematological Malignancies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:363-377. [PMID: 28257621 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Several lines of evidence suggest that hematological malignancies exhibit an altered redox balance homeostasis that can lead to the activation of various survival pathways that, in turn, lead to the progression of disease and chemoresistance. Among these pathways, the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway is likely to play a major role. HO catalyzes the enzymatic degradation of heme with the simultaneous release of carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron (Fe2+), and biliverdin. This review focuses on the role of HO-1 in various hematological malignancies and the possibility of exploiting such targets to improve the outcome of well-established chemotherapeutic regimens. Recent Advances and Critical Issues: Interestingly, the inhibition of the expression of HO-1 (e.g., with siRNA) or HO activity (with competitive inhibitors) contributes to the increased efficacy of chemotherapy and improves the outcome in animal models. Furthermore, some hematological malignancies (e.g., chronic myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma) have served to explore the non-canonical functions of HO-1, such as the association between nuclear compartmentalization and genetic instability and/or chemoresistance. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The HO system may serve as an important tool in the field of hematological malignancies because it can be exploited to counteract chemoresistance and to monitor the outcome of bone marrow transplants and may be an additional target for combined therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 363-377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Li Volti
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania , Catania, Italy .,2 EuroMediterranean Institute of Science and Technology , Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- 3 Division of Haematology, AOU "Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania , Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- 4 Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Catania, Italy
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- 3 Division of Haematology, AOU "Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania , Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Raimondo
- 3 Division of Haematology, AOU "Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania , Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Forte
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania , Catania, Italy .,5 Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo Ricerca srl Viagrande , Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania , Catania, Italy
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Tibullo D, Giallongo C, Puglisi F, Tomassoni D, Camiolo G, Cristaldi M, Brundo MV, Anfuso CD, Lupo G, Stampone T, Li Volti G, Amenta F, Avola R, Bramanti V. Effect of Lipoic Acid on the Biochemical Mechanisms of Resistance to Bortezomib in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3344-3350. [PMID: 28497200 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an extracranial solid cancer and the most common cancer in infancy. Despite the standard treatment for NB is based on the combination of chemotherapeutic drugs such as doxorubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatin, chemoresistance occurs over the time. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the effect of bortezomib (BTZ) (50 nM) on NB cell viability and how lipoic acid (ALA) (100 μM) modifies pharmacological response to this chemotherapeutic agent. Cell viability was assessed by ATP luminescence assay whereas expression of oxidative stress marker (i.e., heme oxygenase-1) and endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins was performed by real-time PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Our data showed that BTZ treatment significantly reduced cell viability when compared to untreated cultures (about 40%). Interestingly, ALA significantly reduced the efficacy of BTZ (about 30%). Furthermore, BTZ significantly induced heme oxygenase-1 as a result of increased oxidative stress and such overexpression was prevented by concomitant treatment with ALA. Similarly, ALA significantly reduced BTZ-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress as measured by reduction in BiP1 and IRE1α, ERO1α, and PDI expression. In conclusion, our data suggest that BTZ efficacy is dependent on cellular redox status and such mechanisms may be responsible of chemoresistance to this chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy.,Division of Haematology, A.O.U. "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy.,Division of Haematology, A.O.U. "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Puglisi
- Division of Haematology, A.O.U. "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Citelli 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, 62032, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Camiolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Cristaldi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Violetta Brundo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Tomaso Stampone
- Division of Microbiology and Virology, Villa Sofia Hospital, A.O.O.R. "Villa Sofia-Cervello", Piazza Salerno 1, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri 9, Camerino, 62032, Italy
| | - Roberto Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Bramanti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95100, Catania, Italy.,Division of Microbiology and Virology, Villa Sofia Hospital, A.O.O.R. "Villa Sofia-Cervello", Piazza Salerno 1, 90146, Palermo, Italy
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Nitti M, Piras S, Marinari UM, Moretta L, Pronzato MA, Furfaro AL. HO-1 Induction in Cancer Progression: A Matter of Cell Adaptation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020029. [PMID: 28475131 PMCID: PMC5488009 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is one of the most important mechanisms of cell adaptation to stress. Indeed, the redox sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 is the pivotal regulator of HO-1 induction. Through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antinflammatory properties of its metabolic products, HO-1 plays a key role in healthy cells in maintaining redox homeostasis and in preventing carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, several lines of evidence have highlighted the role of HO-1 in cancer progression and its expression correlates with tumor growth, aggressiveness, metastatic and angiogenetic potential, resistance to therapy, tumor escape, and poor prognosis, even though a tumor- and tissue-specific activity has been observed. In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding the pro-tumorigenic role of HO-1 dependent tumor progression as a promising target in anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariapaola Nitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Piras
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Umberto M Marinari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy.
| | - Maria A Pronzato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Anna Lisa Furfaro
- Giannina Gaslini Institute, IRCCS, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genoa 16147, Italy.
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Anticancer activities of manganese-based photoactivatable CO-releasing complexes (PhotoCORMs) with benzimidazole derivative ligands. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-017-0136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Elshenawy OH, Shoieb SM, Mohamed A, El-Kadi AOS. Clinical Implications of 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid in the Kidney, Liver, Lung and Brain: An Emerging Therapeutic Target. Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9010009. [PMID: 28230738 PMCID: PMC5374375 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) is an important pathway for the formation of eicosanoids. The ω-hydroxylation of AA generates significant levels of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in various tissues. In the current review, we discussed the role of 20-HETE in the kidney, liver, lung, and brain during physiological and pathophysiological states. Moreover, we discussed the role of 20-HETE in tumor formation, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In the kidney, 20-HETE is involved in modulation of preglomerular vascular tone and tubular ion transport. Furthermore, 20-HETE is involved in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and polycystic kidney diseases. The role of 20-HETE in the liver is not clearly understood although it represents 50%-75% of liver CYP-dependent AA metabolism, and it is associated with liver cirrhotic ascites. In the respiratory system, 20-HETE plays a role in pulmonary cell survival, pulmonary vascular tone and tone of the airways. As for the brain, 20-HETE is involved in cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, 20-HETE has angiogenic and mitogenic properties and thus helps in tumor promotion. Several inhibitors and inducers of the synthesis of 20-HETE as well as 20-HETE analogues and antagonists are recently available and could be promising therapeutic options for the treatment of many disease states in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama H Elshenawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
| | - Sherif M Shoieb
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
| | - Anwar Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
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Abstract
Heme oxygenases are composed of two isozymes, Hmox1 and Hmox2, that catalyze the degradation of heme to carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron, and biliverdin, the latter of which is subsequently converted to bilirubin. While initially considered to be waste products, CO and biliverdin/bilirubin have been shown over the last 20 years to modulate key cellular processes, such as inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as antioxidant defense. This shift in paradigm has led to the importance of heme oxygenases and their products in cell physiology now being well accepted. The identification of the two human cases thus far of heme oxygenase deficiency and the generation of mice deficient in Hmox1 or Hmox2 have reiterated a role for these enzymes in both normal cell function and disease pathogenesis, especially in the context of cardiovascular disease. This review covers the current knowledge on the function of both Hmox1 and Hmox2 at both a cellular and tissue level in the cardiovascular system. Initially, the roles of heme oxygenases in vascular health and the regulation of processes central to vascular diseases are outlined, followed by an evaluation of the role(s) of Hmox1 and Hmox2 in various diseases such as atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia, myocardial infarction, and angiogenesis. Finally, the therapeutic potential of heme oxygenases and their products are examined in a cardiovascular disease context, with a focus on how the knowledge we have gained on these enzymes may be capitalized in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ayer
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia; and Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Abolfazl Zarjou
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia; and Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia; and Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Roland Stocker
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia; and Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
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Cross-talk between two antioxidants, thioredoxin reductase and heme oxygenase-1, and therapeutic implications for multiple myeloma. Redox Biol 2016; 8:175-85. [PMID: 26795735 PMCID: PMC4732019 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by an accumulation of abnormal clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. Despite recent advancements in anti-myeloma therapies, MM remains an incurable disease. Antioxidant molecules are upregulated in many cancers, correlating with tumor proliferation, survival, and chemoresistance and therefore, have been suggested as potential therapeutic targets. This study investigated the cross-talk between two antioxidant molecules, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and their therapeutic implications in MM. We found that although auranofin, a TrxR inhibitor, significantly inhibited TrxR activity by more than 50% at lower concentrations, myeloma cell proliferation was only inhibited at higher concentrations of auranofin. Inhibition of TrxR using lower auranofin concentrations induced HO-1 protein expression in myeloma cells. Using a sub-lethal concentration of auranofin to inhibit TrxR activity in conjunction with HO-1 inhibition significantly decreased myeloma cell growth and induced apoptosis. TrxR was shown to regulate HO-1 via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in a ROS-dependent manner. Increased HO-1 mRNA levels were observed in bortezomib-resistant myeloma cells compared to parent cells and HO-1 inhibition restored the sensitivity to bortezomib in bortezomib-resistant myeloma cells. These findings indicate that concurrent inhibition of HO-1 with either a TrxR inhibitor or with bortezomib would improve therapeutic outcomes in MM patients. Hence, our findings further support the need to target multiple antioxidant systems alone or in combination with other therapeutics to improve therapeutic outcomes in MM patients. TrxR inhibition induces HO-1 expression in myeloma cells. Inhibiting TrxR and HO-1 together induces myeloma cell apoptosis. HO-1 serves as a secondary anti-apoptotic mechanism in TrxR-inhibited myeloma cells. HO-1 inhibition overcomes bortezomib resistance in myeloma cells.
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Chien MH, Lee WJ, Hsieh FK, Li CF, Cheng TY, Wang MY, Chen JS, Chow JM, Jan YH, Hsiao M, Hua KT, Kuo ML. Keap1-Nrf2 Interaction Suppresses Cell Motility in Lung Adenocarcinomas by Targeting the S100P Protein. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4719-32. [PMID: 26078391 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) is an E3 ligase participated in the cellular defense response against oxidative stress through nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). However, the role of Keap1 in regulating cancer motility is still controversial. We investigated the contribution of the Keap1-Nrf2 axis in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 was examined via immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis in a cohort of NSCLC tissues and cells. A series of in vivo and in vitro assays was performed to elucidate the contribution of the Keap1-Nrf2 axis in lung cancer mobility and progression. RESULTS Keap1 expression was decreased in specimens from NSCLC patients with lymph node metastasis compared with patients without metastasis. Higher Keap1 expression levels were correlated with the survival of NSCLC patients. Moreover, manipulation of Keap1 expression affected cell migration/invasion abilities. Depletion of Nrf2 relieved the migration promotion imposed by Keap1 suppression. Mechanistic investigations found that S100P was downregulated in both Keap1-overexpressing and Nrf2-knockdown NSCLC cells. Overexpression of Keap1 and knockdown of Nrf2 both suppressed S100P expression in NSCLC cells. Knockdown of S100P inhibited cell migration in highly invasive NSCLC cells and also relieved the migration promotion imposed by Keap1 suppression in weakly invasive NSCLC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Keap1 functions as a suppressor of tumor metastasis by targeting the Nrf2/S100P pathway in NSCLC cells. In addition, overexpression of Keap1 may be a novel NSCLC treatment strategy and/or useful biomarker for predicting NSCLC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Koo Hsieh
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Chia-Feng Li
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Yao Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shing Chen
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Chow
- Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Jan
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Liang Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing oxidative degradation of cellular heme to liberate free iron, carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin in mammalian cells. In addition to its primary role in heme catabolism, HO-1 exhibits anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory functions via the actions of biliverdin and CO, respectively. HO-1 is highly induced in various disease states, including cancer. Several lines of evidence have supported the implication of HO-1 in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. HO-1 deficiency in normal cells enhances DNA damage and carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, HO-1 overexpression in cancer cells promotes proliferation and survival. Moreover, HO-1 induces angiogenesis through modulating expression of angiogenic factors. Although HO-1 is an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein, HO-1 nuclear localization is evident in tumor cells of cancer tissues. It has been shown that HO-1 is susceptible to proteolytic cleavage and translocates to nucleus to facilitate tumor growth and invasion independent of its enzymatic activity. HO-1 also impacts cancer progression through modulating tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the current understanding of the protumorigenic role of HO-1 and its potential as a molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Young Chau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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Bocci V, Valacchi G. Nrf2 activation as target to implement therapeutic treatments. Front Chem 2015; 3:4. [PMID: 25699252 PMCID: PMC4313773 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A chronic increase of oxidative stress is typical of serious pathologies such as myocardial infarction, stroke, chronic limb ischemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), type II-diabetes, age-related macular degeneration leads to an epic increase of morbidity and mortality in all countries of the world. The initial inflammation followed by an excessive release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) implies a diffused cellular injury that needs to be corrected by an inducible expression of the innate detoxifying and antioxidant system. The transcription factor Nrf2, when properly activated, is able to restore a redox homeostasis and possibly improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velio Bocci
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
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No JH, Kim YB, Song YS. Targeting nrf2 signaling to combat chemoresistance. J Cancer Prev 2014; 19:111-7. [PMID: 25337579 PMCID: PMC4204167 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2014.19.2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that upregulates expression of a battery of genes to combat oxidative and electrophilic stress. Modification of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) by reactive oxygen species stabilizes Nrf2 by escaping from degradation. Nrf2 then binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) on the promoter region of various genes. Activation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway plays critical roles in the chemopreventive effect of various phytochemicals. However, Nrf2 can protect cancer cells from oxidative stress and promote cell proliferation. Moreover, recent studies reveal that activation of the Nrf2 pathway is critical for resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. The aim of this review is to provide a molecular basis for the use of Nrf2 inhibitors in overcoming chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong No
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea ; Major in Biomodulation, World Class University, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Gómez-Lomelí P, Bravo-Cuellar A, Hernández-Flores G, Jave-Suárez LF, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Lerma-Díaz JM, Domínguez-Rodríguez JR, Sánchez-Reyes K, Ortiz-Lazareno PC. Increase of IFN-γ and TNF-α production in CD107a + NK-92 cells co-cultured with cervical cancer cell lines pre-treated with the HO-1 inhibitor. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:100. [PMID: 25302050 PMCID: PMC4190300 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural killer (NK) cells eliminate virus-infected and tumor cells through the release of perforins and granzymes; they also produce Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which induce apoptosis in target cells. Many tumors express Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and this expression has been associated with avoiding immunosuppression and apoptosis. In this work, HO-1+ Cervical cancer cell (CCC) lines were pre-treated with HO-1 inhibitor and we assessed whether this inhibition enhanced the sensitivity of CCC to NK cell activity. Methods We assessed the expression of HO-1 in HeLa, SiHa, and C-33A CCC by Flow cytometry (FC). CCC were pre-treated with SnPP or ZnPP HO-1 inhibitors. After that, NK-92 cells were co-cultured with HeLa, SiHa, and C-33A CCC pre-treated or not with HO-1 inhibitors, and the expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, CD107a, Granzyme B, NKp44, NKp46, NKp30, and NKG2D was evaluated by FC. Results CCC lines HeLa, SiHa, and C-33A expressed HO-1. Inhibition of HO-1 in these cells increased the expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α in CD107a + NK-92 cells. We observed a reduction in the expression of NKG2D, NKp46, and NKp30 in NK cells co-cultured with HeLa and SiHa cells, and when HeLa and SiHa cells were pre-treated with the HO-1 inhibitors, the expression of NKG2D and NKp30 in NK cells was restored. We observed a similar effect in NK cells co-cultured with C-33A cells in NKp30 expression. Conclusion Inhibition of HO-1 in CCC induces an increase in IFN-γ and TNF-α production in CD107a + NK-92 cells and restores NKG2D, NKp46 and NKp30 downmodulation in NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Gómez-Lomelí
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico ; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas Orientación Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), UdeG, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Alejandro Bravo-Cuellar
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico ; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Georgina Hernández-Flores
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - José Manuel Lerma-Díaz
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico ; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Jorge Ramiro Domínguez-Rodríguez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico ; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, UdeG, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Karina Sánchez-Reyes
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico ; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas Orientación Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), UdeG, Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Pablo Cesar Ortiz-Lazareno
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
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Andrés NC, Fermento ME, Gandini NA, Romero AL, Ferro A, Donna LG, Curino AC, Facchinetti MM. Heme oxygenase-1 has antitumoral effects in colorectal cancer: involvement of p53. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 97:321-31. [PMID: 25236576 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been shown to be up-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC), but the role it plays in this cancer type has not yet been addressed. The aims of this study have been to analyze HO-1 expression in human invasive CRC, evaluate its correlation with clinical and histo-pathological parameters and to investigate the mechanisms through which the enzyme influences tumor progression. We confirmed that HO-1 was over-expressed in human invasive CRC and found that the expression of the enzyme was associated with a longer overall survival time. In addition, we observed in a chemically-induced CRC animal model that total and nuclear HO-1 expression increases with tumor progression. Our investigation of the mechanisms involved in HO-1 action in CRC demonstrates that the protein reduces cell viability through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and, importantly, that a functional p53 tumor suppressor protein is required for these effects. This reduction in cell viability is accompanied by modulation of the levels of p21, p27, and cyclin D1 and by modulation of Akt and PKC pathways. Altogether, our results demonstrate an antitumoral role of HO-1 and points to the importance of p53 status in this antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Carolina Andrés
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca, Centro Científico Tecnológico (INIBIBB-CCT-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Fermento
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca, Centro Científico Tecnológico (INIBIBB-CCT-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Norberto Ariel Gandini
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca, Centro Científico Tecnológico (INIBIBB-CCT-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | | | - Alejandro Ferro
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Italiano Regional, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | | | - Alejandro Carlos Curino
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca, Centro Científico Tecnológico (INIBIBB-CCT-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Marta Facchinetti
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca, Centro Científico Tecnológico (INIBIBB-CCT-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Li H, Wood JT, Whitten KM, Vadivel SK, Seng S, Makriyannis A, Avraham HK. Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase activates Nrf2 signalling and induces heme oxygenase 1 transcription in breast cancer cells. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:489-505. [PMID: 23347118 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endocannabinoids such as anandamide (AEA) are important lipid ligands regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Their levels are regulated by hydrolase enzymes, the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL). Here, we investigated whether FAAH or AEA are involved in NF (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant responsive element (ARE) pathway. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of AEA or FAAH inhibition by the URB597 inhibitor or FAAH/siRNA on the activation of Nrf2-ARE signalling pathway and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction and transcription. KEY RESULTS Endogenous AEA was detected in the immortalized human mammary epithelial MCF-10A cells (0.034 ng per 10(6) cells) but not in MCF-7 or MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Because breast tumour cells express FAAH abundantly, we examined the effects of FAAH on Nrf2/antioxidant pathway. We found that inhibition of FAAH by the URB597 inhibitor induced antioxidant HO-1 in breast cancer cells and MCF-10A cells. RNAi-mediated knockdown of FAAH or treatment with AEA-activated ARE-containing reporter induced HO-1 mRNA and protein expression, independent of the cannabinoid receptors, CB1, CB2 or TRPV1. Furthermore, URB597, AEA and siRNA-FAAH treatments induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, while siRNA-Nrf2 treatment and Keap1 expression blocked AEA, URB597 and si-FAAH from activation of ARE reporter and HO-1 induction. siRNA-HO-1 treatment decreased the viability of breast cancer cells and MCF-10A cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data uncovered a novel mechanism by which inhibition of FAAH or exposure to AEA induced HO-1 transcripts and implicating AEA and FAAH as direct modifiers in signalling mediated activation of Nrf2-HO-1 pathway, independent of cannabinoid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Yin H, Fang J, Liao L, Maeda H, Su Q. Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 in colorectal cancer patients with increased circulation carbon monoxide levels, potentially affects chemotherapeutic sensitivity. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:436. [PMID: 24927633 PMCID: PMC4075569 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its major product carbon monoxide (CO) are known to be involved in the development and progression of many tumors. The present study was to elucidate the expression and function of HO-1 in colorectal cancer (CRC), specially focusing on the circulation CO levels in CRC patients and the possible roles of HO-1 in chemoresistance of colon cancer cells. Methods One hundred and eighteen patients received resection for colorectal cancer and polyps at China Medical University Sheng Jing Hospital, were collected in this study. HO-1 expression in CRC tissues was analyzed by immnuohistochemical staining; circulation CO levels as carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in CRC patients were analyzed by an ABL800 FLEX blood gas analyzer. HO-1 expression in murine colon cells C26 and human colon cancer cells HT29 and DLD1 under HO-1 inducer hemin and anticancer drug pirarubicin (THP) treatment was examined by RT-PCR, and the cell viability after each treatment was investigated by MTT assay. Data were analyzed by student’s t-test or one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni t-test or Fisher's exact test. Results HO-1 expression in tumor tissues of CRC (61.0%) was significantly higher than in normal colorectal tissues and polyps tissues (29.7%, P < 0.01); well-differentiated CRC seemed to express more HO-1 (81.5%) than moderately/poorly-differentiated cancers (59.5%, P < 0.05). However, the nuclear HO-1 expression is apparently higher in moderately/poorly differentiated CRC than well-differentiated CRC probably suggesting a new mechanism of function involved in HO-1 in cancer. In parallel with HO-1 expression, circulation CO levels in CRC patients also significantly accelerated. Moreover, HO-1 expression/induction also related to the chemosensitivity of colon cells; HO inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin significantly increased cytotoxicities of THP (i.e., 2.6 – 5.3 folds compared to cells without zinc protoporphyrin treatment). Conclusions These findings strongly suggested HO-1/COHb is a useful diagnostic and prognostic indicator for CRC, and inhibition of HO-1 may be a option to enhance the chemotherapeutic effects of conventional anticancer drugs toward CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qi Su
- Department of General Surgery, Sheng Jing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province 110004, P, R, China.
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Kim JH, Park J. Prognostic significance of heme oxygenase-1, S100 calcium-binding protein A4, and syndecan-1 expression in primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:1830-8. [PMID: 24957789 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the prognostic significance of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4), and syndecan-1 (SYND1) expression in patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Immunohistochemical studies were performed on tissue specimens from 109 patients diagnosed with primary NMIBC following complete transurethral resection, with the expression dichotomized as negative/mild ("low") versus moderate/strong ("high") according to scores based on staining area and intensity. The effect of each biomarker on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed. The predictive accuracy for RFS and PFS in multivariate Cox regression models with or without (the baseline model) biomarkers was estimated using the Harrell concordance index. High HO-1, S100A4, and SYND1 expressions were observed in 33.0%, 36.7%, and 63.3% cases, respectively. High HO-1 and S100A4 expressions were significantly associated with various adverse pathological characteristics (high T stage and grade); SYND1 expression was inversely correlated with these characteristics (all, P < .05). In the baseline multivariate model, multifocality, intravesical therapy, and T stage were significant predictors for RFS, whereas intravesical therapy and T stage had marginal statistical significance in predicting PFS. In the multivariate model with the biomarkers, the 3 biomarkers were significant predictors for RFS; and HO-1 expression was a significant predictor for PFS. Addition of the 3 biomarkers to the baseline model significantly increased the predictive accuracy for RFS from 0.754 to 0.828 (P = .043). Our findings suggest that HO-1, S100A4, and SYND1 expressions have prognostic value in primary NMIBC; thus, their evaluation might be useful for determining treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Heon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 302-799 Korea
| | - Jinsung Park
- Department of Urology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 302-799 Korea.
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