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Daniels BT, Robinson SE, Howie EK. Relationships between personality traits, high school sports participation, and physical activity of college students in the United States. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37399568 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2222840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to 1) examine relationships between contexts of PA, personality traits, and high school sports participation (sports) and 2) determine significant PA correlates in a college population. Participants: 237 undergraduates at a university in the United States between September 2020 and May 2021 participated. Methods: Participants completed a survey evaluating PA, personality traits, sports, and demographic variables. Pearson partial correlations assessed correlations between different PA domains, personality traits, and sports. Conscientiousness was positively associated with all PA measures (r = .14-.30), except for active transport PA. Sports were related to vigorous and leisure PA. Conscientiousness is related to PA measures and is a significant PA correlate. However, more research is necessary to understand if leisure time PA can enhance Conscientiousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce T Daniels
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Rush Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Samantha E Robinson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Erin K Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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Zhang Y, Shen X, Song J, Huang T. Study on the influence mechanism of students' behavior of participation in industrial colleges-Analysis framework based on theory of planned behavior. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1037536. [PMID: 36506991 PMCID: PMC9729780 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1037536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a new organizational form for the coordinated development of education and industry, industrial college is an important carrier for application-oriented colleges and universities to implement application-oriented talent training. Based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a theoretical framework, this research constructs a model of the influencing factors of college students' participating in industrial colleges from five criteria: behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intentions and situational factors. In this study, participants (N = 541) have completed a questionnaire to assess their behavior of participation in the industrial colleges by using the structural equation model (SEM). It turns out that perceived needs, mandatory norms, exemplary norms, and self-efficacy significantly positively affect college students' intention to participate in industrial colleges. Behavior intention and self-efficacy significantly positively affect college students' participation in industrial colleges. Behavior intentions act as a complete mediator between perceived needs and behavior, as well as between exemplary norms and behavior. Behavioral intentions partially mediate between mandatory norms and behavior, as well as between self-efficacy and behavior. In addition, school support plays a significant positive moderating role in college students' intention and behavior of participating in industrial colleges. These findings not only expand the relevant literature on college students' learning behavior, but also provide useful enlightenment for college education managers on how to stimulate college students' endogenous motivation to participate in industrial colleges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbao Zhang
- School of Business, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Xiangdong Shen
- School of Business, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Jinyu Song
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China,*Correspondence: Jinyu Song,
| | - Tiantian Huang
- School of Business, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
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El Ansari W, Salam A. Physical activity and mental health. Is achieving the physical activity guidelines associated with less depressive symptoms among undergraduates at the University of Turku, Finland? Cent Eur J Public Health 2021; 29:201-208. [PMID: 34623120 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Virtually no previous research assessed physical activity (PA) of university students in Finland, and their associations with depressive symptoms, whilst simultaneously controlling for potential confounders. METHODS Students at the University of Turku (1,177) completed an online health and wellbeing questionnaire that assessed depressive symptoms (22 items), as well as their achievement of the guidelines of four forms of low, moderate, vigorous, and muscle strengthening PA (LPA, MPA, VPA, MSPA, respectively). We explored the associations of depressive symptoms with these PA forms, accounting for socio-demographic and health confounders (age, gender, year of study, marital status, accommodation during semesters, self-rated health). RESULTS Achievement of PA guidelines was generally low for these young adult Finnish undergraduates. Bivariate relationships (no controlling for confounders) between depressive symptoms and four forms of PA guidelines achievement showed that in males, good/very good/excellent self-rated health, and achievement of the MSPA guidelines were significantly negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Conversely, low PA was significantly positively associated with depressive symptoms. Multiple regression (controlling for confounders) showed that achievement of the MSPA guidelines was independently significantly negatively associated with depressive symptoms; and whilst achievement of the MPA and VPA guidelines was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, the relationships did not reach statistical significance. Likewise, low PA was positively associated with depressive symptoms, but the relationships were again not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Universities would benefit from multipronged strategies and approaches employing effective interventions aimed at improving students' general awareness of their health and promoting more physically active lifestyles among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid El Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Abdul Salam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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El Ansari W, Salam A. Prevalence and predictors of smoking, quit attempts and total smoking ban at the University of Turku, Finland. Cent Eur J Public Health 2021; 29:45-55. [PMID: 33831286 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study employed socio-demographic, health and lifestyle, and academic variables to assess the prevalence and independent predictors of daily smoking, attempts to quit smoking, and agreement with total smoking ban at university. METHODS Students at the University of Turku (1,177) completed an online questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic, health and lifestyle, and academic characteristics, and three smoking variables (smoking, attempts to quit, agreement with total smoking ban at university). Bivariate relationships and multiple logistic regression assessed relationships between student characteristics and the three smoking variables before and after controlling for all other variables. RESULTS Slightly < 80% of students never smoked, 16% were occasional, and about 6% were daily smokers, and about 40% had attempted to quit. Nearly half the sample agreed to total smoking ban at university. Physical activity, consuming alcohol, illicit drug/s use and daily smoking were significant independent predictors across > 1 of the three smoking variables. Age, health awareness, importance of achieving good grades, academic performance compared to peers, study burden, and mother's educational level were significant independent predictors of one of the three variables examined. CONCLUSION Universities need to assess smoking, with specific focus on the modifiable independent predictors that were associated with > 1 the variables examined, to encourage physical activity and pay attention to reduce alcohol consumption and illicit drug/s and daily smoking, whilst targeting at-risk students. University strategies should be part of the wider country-wide effective tobacco control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid El Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Abdul Salam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Niedermeier M, Frühauf A, Kopp-Wilfling P, Rumpold G, Kopp M. Alcohol Consumption and Physical Activity in Austrian College Students-A Cross-Sectional Study. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:1581-1590. [PMID: 29381116 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1416406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The age of college students is considered as crucial for developing health-related behaviors, e.g., alcohol consumption or a physically active lifestyle. Previous research reported a positive relationship between alcohol consumption and physical activity (PA) in college students. However, the main body of research was done in students from the United States who might differ from European students. OBJECTIVES Thus the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between alcohol consumption and PA in a sample of Austrian college students. METHODS In a cross-sectional design, 861 Austrian students from various study fields responded to a web-based questionnaire. Self-reported alcohol consumption, PA, and relevant sociodemographic variables were assessed. Multiple regression analyses were used to study the relationship between alcohol consumption and PA. RESULTS In none of the regression models, a significant relationship between alcohol consumption and PA was found. There was a significant influence of sex, age, relationship status, education level, and study field on alcohol consumption. Male, older, and undergraduate students studying social sciences without a relationship reported higher alcohol consumption. Conclusions/Importance: The results do not support a general relationship between alcohol consumption and PA among urban Austrian college students of various study fields. Compared to other variables (e.g., sex, relationship status), PA seems to be less important in relation to the consumption of alcohol. This study challenges a global perspective on a positive relationship between alcohol consumption and PA and highlights the need for more cross-cultural investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Niedermeier
- a Department of Sport Science , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Anika Frühauf
- a Department of Sport Science , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | | | - Gerhard Rumpold
- b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Innsbruck Medical University , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Martin Kopp
- a Department of Sport Science , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
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Haynes A, Kersbergen I, Sutin A, Daly M, Robinson E. A systematic review of the relationship between weight status perceptions and weight loss attempts, strategies, behaviours and outcomes. Obes Rev 2018; 19:347-363. [PMID: 29266851 PMCID: PMC5814847 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that a person identifying that they are 'overweight' is an important prerequisite to successful weight management. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of evidence supporting this proposition. The aim of the present research was to systematically review evidence on the relationship between perceived overweight and (i) weight loss attempts, (ii) weight control strategies (healthy and unhealthy), (iii) weight-related behaviours (physical activity and eating habits), (iv) disordered eating and (v) weight change. We synthesized evidence from 78 eligible studies and evaluated evidence linking perceived overweight with outcome variables separately according to the gender, age and objective weight status of study participants. Results indicated that perceived overweight was associated with an increased likelihood of attempting weight loss and with healthy and unhealthy weight control strategies in some participant groups. However, perceived overweight was not reliably associated with physical activity or healthy eating and was associated with greater disordered eating in some groups. Rather than being associated with improved weight management, there was consistent evidence that perceived overweight was predictive of increased weight gain over time. Individuals who perceive their weight status as overweight are more likely to report attempting weight loss but over time gain more weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haynes
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - I Kersbergen
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Sutin
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - M Daly
- Behavioural Science Centre, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.,UCD Geary Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Robinson
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Sone T, Kawachi Y, Abe C, Otomo Y, Sung YW, Ogawa S. Attitude and practice of physical activity and social problem-solving ability among university students. Environ Health Prev Med 2017; 22:18. [PMID: 29165109 PMCID: PMC5664572 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-017-0625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effective social problem-solving abilities can contribute to decreased risk of poor mental health. In addition, physical activity has a favorable effect on mental health. These previous studies suggest that physical activity and social problem-solving ability can interact by helping to sustain mental health. The present study aimed to determine the association between attitude and practice of physical activity and social problem-solving ability among university students. Methods Information on physical activity and social problem-solving was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. We analyzed data from 185 students who participated in the questionnaire surveys and psychological tests. Social problem-solving as measured by the Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised (SPSI-R) (median score 10.85) was the dependent variable. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for higher SPSI-R according to physical activity categories. Results The multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the ORs (95% CI) in reference to participants who said they never considered exercising were 2.08 (0.69–6.93), 1.62 (0.55–5.26), 2.78 (0.86–9.77), and 6.23 (1.81–23.97) for participants who did not exercise but intended to start, tried to exercise but did not, exercised but not regularly, and exercised regularly, respectively. This finding suggested that positive linear association between physical activity and social problem-solving ability (p value for linear trend < 0.01). Conclusions The present findings suggest that regular physical activity or intention to start physical activity may be an effective strategy to improve social problem-solving ability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12199-017-0625-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimasa Sone
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522, Japan.
| | - Yousuke Kawachi
- Kansei Fukushi Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chihiro Abe
- Department of Welfare Psychology, Graduate School of General Welfare, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuki Otomo
- Department of Welfare Psychology, Graduate School of General Welfare, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yul-Wan Sung
- Kansei Fukushi Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Seiji Ogawa
- Kansei Fukushi Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
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Dodge T, Clarke P, Dwan R. The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Alcohol Use Among Adults in the United States. Am J Health Promot 2016; 31:97-108. [PMID: 27630108 DOI: 10.1177/0890117116664710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize published literature that has tested the relationship between physical activity and alcohol use. DATA SOURCE A systematic review of literature published between January 2005 and May 2015 was conducted by searching the databases: PsychInfo, Medline, and Pubmed. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA Inclusion criteria: must have tested for the relationship between physical activity and alcohol use; used adult samples within the United States. EXCLUSION CRITERIA utilized samples from outside the United States, adolescents, or alcohol dependent and heavy drinkers. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted from studies that achieved a quality score of 4 or greater. The following information was recorded for each study: sample characteristics, the variable that served as the predictor, study design, covariates included in analyses, and the direction/nature of the relationship. DATA SYNTHESIS The search captured 1036 unique articles, 16 of which were included in the final systematic review. RESULTS Nearly 88% of the studies with college students and 75% of studies with nonstudent adults reported a positive relationship between physical activity and alcohol use. CONCLUSION Research published in the past decade implies a positive relationship between physical activity and alcohol use. Findings have important implications for the design of health promotion programs targeting physical activity and alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya Dodge
- 1 Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paige Clarke
- 1 Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rita Dwan
- 1 Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Lee CG, Seo DC, Middlestadt SE, Lin HC. Does the Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking and Other Key Health Behaviors Vary by Geographic Area Among US Young Adults? A Multilevel Analysis. Int J Behav Med 2016; 22:481-8. [PMID: 25424168 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-014-9452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although researchers and practitioners have long been aware of interdependence among health behaviors, they tend to compartmentalize health behaviors in research and practice. This kind of approach often fails to acknowledge the syndemic nature of health behaviors. PURPOSE This study investigated differences in the relationship between cigarette smoking and other key health behaviors, such as vigorous physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and binge drinking among young adults (ages 18 to 30 years) across 180 metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs) in the USA. METHOD A total of 19,027 young adults in the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed using multilevel logistic regression models. RESULTS Both vigorous physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption were negatively associated with cigarette smoking, whereas binge drinking was positively associated with smoking. There were significant differences in the relation of smoking with vigorous physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and binge drinking across the 180 MMSAs. These differences were associated with the prevalence of cigarette smoking and binge drinking for each MMSA. CONCLUSION As indicated by the social learning theory, geographic area-specific prevalence of health behaviors appears to reflect group norms regarding those behaviors which, in turn, affect the clustering of health behaviors in the respective area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Gun Lee
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, 1025 E. Seventh Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405-7109, USA,
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El Ansari W, Dibba E, Stock C. Body image concerns: levels, correlates and gender differences among students in the United Kingdom. Cent Eur J Public Health 2014; 22:106-17. [PMID: 25230539 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a3944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the socio-demographic, lifestyle and well-being variables that are associated with body image concerns (BIC) and whether these associations differed between female and male students. METHODS A cross-sectional survey; 3,706 undergraduate students (2,699 females, 765 males) from seven universities in the UK completed a self-administered questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic, lifestyle, well-being and BIC based on the Body Shape Questionnaire developed by Cooper et al. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis examined the odds ratios for the association between four increasing levels of BIC as the dependent variables (no BIC, mild BIC, moderate BIC and marked BIC) on the one hand, and the socio-demographic (gender, age, year at university), lifestyle (physical activity, nutrition) and mental well-being variables (quality of life, perceived stress, perceived health, depressive symptoms) on the other. RESULTS More females (35%) than males (8%) reported being moderately or markedly concerned with their body image. For both genders, BIC was associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms and to variable extents, with nutrition and year at university. Females' BICs were exclusively associated with low perceived health, higher perceived stress, studies in general as a stressor, and low physical activity. In contrast, males' BIC were found to be exclusively associated with low quality of life and with older age. CONCLUSIONS Health promoting strategies and activities should address the co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and BIC and should moreover pay attention to the gender-specific correlates of BIC for tailoring evidence based interventions for females and for males.
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Dinger MK, Brittain DR, Hutchinson SR. Associations between physical activity and health-related factors in a national sample of college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2014; 62:67-74. [PMID: 24313698 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2013.849710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between meeting the current moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendation and health-related factors in a national sample of college students. PARTICIPANTS Participants (N = 67,861) completed the National College Health Assessment II during the Fall 2008/Spring 2009 academic year. METHODS Hierarchical binary logistic regression was used to examine the contribution of 19 variables in explaining whether or not participants met the MVPA recommendation. RESULTS Meeting the MVPA recommendation was associated with several protective factors among college students, including adequate daily fruit and vegetable consumption, positive perception of general health, healthy body mass index, consistent seatbelt use, not smoking cigarettes, less perceived depression, and adequate sleep. In addition, meeting the MVPA recommendation was also significantly associated with a few risky behaviors including binge drinking, physical fighting, and multiple sexual partners. CONCLUSIONS College student PA interventions should consider also addressing fruit/vegetable consumption and binge drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Dinger
- a Colorado School of Public Health , University of Northern Colorado , Greeley , Colorado
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Kelly-Weeder S, Phillips K, Leonard K, Veroneau M. Binge eating and weight loss behaviors of overweight and obese college students. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2013; 26:445-451. [PMID: 24170676 DOI: 10.1002/2327-6924.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate binge eating (BE) and weight-related behaviors in overweight and obese college students. DATA SOURCES This was a secondary analysis of data from 487 overweight and obese college-age students from a private university in the northeastern United States. CONCLUSIONS BE was reported by 34.9% of students. Only 6.2% of participants reported the use of compensatory behaviors (i.e., self-induced vomiting, laxative, or diuretic use) to prevent weight gain. BE was associated with smoking and exercising to lose weight. Gender differences emerged from the data as women were more likely to report being obese, the use of compensatory behaviors, and to perceive themselves as moderately or extremely overweight. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE BE is a significant problem on college campuses and is associated with the development of obesity and eating disorders. Nurse practitioners (NPs) are in an excellent position to effect change in this population through their frequent contact with young adults in community and school-based venues. NPs are well-prepared to identify at-risk college students and provide them with individualized care, education, and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Kelly-Weeder
- (Associate Professor) (Staff Nurse) (Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner) Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, School of Nursing, Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, Bedford Edith Nourse Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts
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Ramalho AA, Dalamaria T, Souza OFD. [Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables by university students in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil: prevalence and associated factors]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2013; 28:1405-13. [PMID: 22729270 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2012000700018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study with university students examined the prevalence of regular consumption of fruits and vegetables and associated factors among students at a Federal university in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil. 863 undergraduates were interviewed in 2010. Overall prevalence of regular consumption of fruits and vegetables was 14.8%. Factors associated with regular consumption of fruits and vegetables were: socioeconomic classes A and B (PR = 1.70; 95%CI: 1.10-2.62), living with a partner (PR = 1.53; 95%CI: 1.02-2.29), regular physical activity (PR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.11-2.56), and consumption of fast food twice a week or less (PR = 1.49; 95%CI: 1.04-2.13). A minority of the students met the recommendation to consume fruits and vegetables 5 or more days a week. Regular fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with socioeconomic status and healthy habits such as physical exercise and low consumption of fast food.
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Ouellette CD, Yang M, Wang Y, Yu C, Fernandez ML, Rodriguez NR, Chun OK. Assessment of nutrient adequacy with supplement use in a sample of healthy college students. J Am Coll Nutr 2013; 31:301-10. [PMID: 23529987 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2012.10720424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited information is available on the nutritional status and the impact of supplements on nutrient adequacy in college students. This study aimed to assess nutritional status and evaluate the contribution of supplement use to overall nutrient adequacy in a sample of healthy college students. METHODS Sixty subjects (40 women and 20 men) were randomly recruited from those attending the University of Connecticut. Food records were collected over 30 consecutive days for each subject. In addition, health and lifestyle information was collected at the beginning and end of the study period. RESULTS After excluding misreporting, only 44 subjects were eligible for assessing nutritional status. More than 40% of female students had intakes below the estimated average requirements for vitamins D and E, calcium, and magnesium. Supplement users had significantly higher average intakes than nonusers from dietary sources for protein, folate, niacin, vitamin E, magnesium, and zinc (p < 0.05). With the addition of supplements, supplement users consumed significantly more for all nutrient intakes except vitamin A than nonusers (p < 0.05). Nutritional adequacy of supplement users was significantly higher for vitamins D and E and magnesium compared with nonusers (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Overall, men and women were consuming intakes below adequacy for most nutrients, and supplement usage increased nutrient intake and adequacy levels in this young adult population.
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Moreno-Gómez C, Romaguera-Bosch D, Tauler-Riera P, Bennasar-Veny M, Pericas-Beltran J, Martinez-Andreu S, Aguilo-Pons A. Clustering of lifestyle factors in Spanish university students: the relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and diet quality. Public Health Nutr 2012; 15:2131-9. [PMID: 22314203 PMCID: PMC10271441 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980012000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain the prevalence of and association between main lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking) in students from the Balearic Islands University. DESIGN A cross-sectional, descriptive study. A questionnaire including questions on lifestyle, dietary habits and physical activity habits was administered to the students. Four different diet quality scores were calculated (Diet Diversity Score, Mediterranean Diet Score, Dietary Guidelines Score and Global Dietary Guidelines Score). SETTING A sample of students from the Balearic Islands University. SUBJECTS Nine hundred and eighty-seven students (45·5 % males; mean age 21·5 (sd 3·3) years). RESULTS The dietary pattern of the student population was characterized by a low consumption of cereals and tubers, fruits, vegetables, olive oil, legumes and nuts, and a high consumption of processed meat, sweets, snacks, soft drinks and pastries. Linear, positive and statistically significant correlations were found between the number of meals consumed daily and all of the diet quality scores determined. Determinants of diet quality, both in the univariate and multivariate analyses, were physical activity practice, sex, age and number of meals consumed daily. CONCLUSIONS Risk factors such as smoking, diet and physical inactivity had a tendency of clustering among Spanish university students. Overall diet quality was low, due to important departures from dietary recommendations and loss of the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern. Nutritional education campaigns that include promotion of physical activity practice are needed to improve the overall health status of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Moreno-Gómez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera-Bosch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Pedro Tauler-Riera
- Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Miquel Bennasar-Veny
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Jordi Pericas-Beltran
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Sonia Martinez-Andreu
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Antoni Aguilo-Pons
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
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Piazza-Gardner AK, Barry AE. Examining physical activity levels and alcohol consumption: are people who drink more active? Am J Health Promot 2012; 26:e95-104. [PMID: 22208422 DOI: 10.4278/ajhp.100929-lit-328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Summarize/categorize current scientific literature examining the association between alcohol consumption (AC) and levels of physical activity (PA). DATA SOURCE Electronic databases spanning education, psychology, sociology, medicine, and interdisciplinary reports. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA Included studies (n =17) must be published in a peer-reviewed, English language journal; measure either AC or PA as an independent/dependent variable; and primarily examine the relationship between AC and PA. DATA EXTRACTION Search terms/phrases included alcohol, alcohol consumption, drinking, physical activity, exercise, and physically active. DATA SYNTHESIS The Matrix Method and PRISMA guidelines organized pertinent literature and identified/extracted salient findings. RESULTS Alcohol consumers of all ages were more physically active than nondrinking peers. Further, several studies suggest a dose-response relationship between AC and PA, indicating that as drinking increases, so does PA level. CONCLUSION Reviewed studies support a positive association between AC and PA across all ages. Findings were contrary to the hypothesis of the investigators. Future research should place specific emphasis on identifying why alcohol consumers exercise at higher levels than non-alcohol consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Piazza-Gardner
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8210, USA.
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17
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Hawker CL. Physical activity and mental well-being in student nurses. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2012; 32:325-331. [PMID: 21871696 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
There is strong evidence that suggests physical activity can enhance mental well-being. However, this relationship has not been widely investigated in student nurses. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the relationship between physical activity and mental well-being in undergraduate student nurses (n=215). Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Other outcomes included self-esteem, anxiety, depression, life satisfaction, outcome expectations and self-efficacy. Almost, a quarter (23.8%) of the total sample, were meeting the Department of Health's physical activity guideline. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.0 with 40% being in the overweight to morbidly obese category. Self-esteem was significantly positively correlated with total physical activity (r=0.16, p=0.038) and moderate intensity activity (r=0.17, p=0.021). No other significant relationships were found between anxiety, depression and satisfaction with life and physical activity. Outcome expectations for exercise and self-efficacy were significantly positively correlated with moderate (r=0.17, p=0.019) and vigorous (r=0.28, p=0.000) intensity activity and total physical activity (r=0.29, p=0.000). BMI was significantly positively correlated with age (r=0.242, p=0.001), significantly negatively correlated with self-efficacy for exercise (r=0.257, p=0.000) and satisfaction with life (r=-0.144, p=0.041). Regression analysis showed that low self efficacy for exercise and increasing age were significant predictors of BMI with a small effect size r(2)=0.126, adjusted r(2)=0.112. BMI and physical activity variables collectively explained only 2% of the variance for anxiety, 4% for depression, 5% for self esteem and 6% for satisfaction with life. BMI was a significant predictor of satisfaction with life (Beta=-0.171, p=0.027). Participation in physical activity may be influential in improving mental well-being in student nurses. Promoting physical activity in student nurses has the potential to increase self-esteem and life satisfaction and decrease the risk of anxiety and depression. Further research is needed to establish whether this relationship is causal and exists in other student nurse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare L Hawker
- School of Nursing & Midwifery Studies, Cardiff University, Caerleon Campus, Grounds of St Cadocs Hospital, Caerleon, NP18 3XR, UK.
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18
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Ansari WE, Stock C. Factors Associated With Smoking, Quit Attempts and Attitudes towards Total Smoking Bans at University: A Survey of Seven Universities in England, Wales and Northern ireland. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:705-14. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.2.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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19
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Barry AE, Piazza-Gardner AK. Drunkorexia: understanding the co-occurrence of alcohol consumption and eating/exercise weight management behaviors. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2012; 60:236-243. [PMID: 22420701 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2011.587487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the co-occurrence of alcohol consumption, physical activity, and disordered eating behaviors via a drunkorexia perspective. PARTICIPANTS Nationally representative sample (n = 22,488) of college students completing the Fall 2008 National College Health Assessment. METHODS Hierarchical logistic regression was employed to determine if physical activity and disordered eating behaviors uniquely predicted binge drinking, while controlling for age, race, gender, year in college, Greek membership, and place of residence. RESULTS Physical activity and disordered eating made unique, statistically significant contributions. Moreover, including physical activity and disordered eating behaviors allowed for the correct classification of an additional 431 cases (ie, binge drinkers) over and above the predictive ability of the covariate-only model. CONCLUSIONS Findings corroborate prior research indicating highly active college students are more likely to binge drink than their nonactive peers, and highlight the potential of a drunkorexia perspective in explaining the counterintuitive alcohol-activity association among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- Department of Health Education & Behavior, Univeristy of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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20
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Romaguera D, Tauler P, Bennasar M, Pericas J, Moreno C, Martinez S, Aguilo A. Determinants and patterns of physical activity practice among Spanish university students. J Sports Sci 2011; 29:989-97. [PMID: 21590579 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2011.578149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants of physical activity practice, as well as the motivations for being or not being physically active in Spanish university students. A representative sample of students from a Spanish university (n = 2,051; 42.1% males; mean age 21.9, s = 4.8 years) participated in the present cross-sectional study. A questionnaire including questions regarding lifestyle, dietary habits, parents' characteristics, and physical activity habits was administered to the students. The socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants of physical activity practice were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. 68.4% of men and 48.4% of women reported to practise physical activity in the present sample. Those who practised physical activity consumed more fruits and were less likely to be smokers compared to non-physically active students. Also, physically inactive men spent more time in front of the computer and physically inactive women spent more time in front of the TV and were more likely to be frequent alcohol consumers. Maternal educational level and maternal physical activity habits were also important determinants of physical activity practice among men and women respectively. In conclusion, physically active students tended to engage in other healthy habits in the present population, suggesting the clustering of healthy or unhealthy lifestyle factors among specific subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Romaguera
- Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, UK.
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21
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Seo DC, Torabi MR, Chin MK, Huang SF, Chen CK, Mok MMC, Wong P, Chia M, Lee CG, Wang C. A Comparison of Factors Associated with Physical Inactivity Among East Asian College Students. Int J Behav Med 2011; 19:316-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-011-9167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Does the association between depressive symptomatology and physical activity depend on body image perception? A survey of students from seven universities in the UK. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 8:281-99. [PMID: 21556187 PMCID: PMC3084462 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph8020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study assessed the association between depression and PA in university students of both genders and the role of body image perception as a potential effect modifier. Undergraduate students (N = 3706) from seven universities in the UK completed a self-administered questionnaire that assessed sociodemographic information; a range of health, health behaviour and health awareness related factors; the modified version of Beck’s Depression Inventory (M-BDI); educational achievement, and different levels of physical activity (PA), such as moderate PA (at least 5 days per week moderate exercise of at least 30 minutes), and vigorous PA (at least 3 days per week vigorous exercise of at least 20 minutes). Only 12.4% of the sample achieved the international recommended level for moderate PA, and 33.1% achieved the recommendations for vigorous PA. Both moderate and vigorous PA were inversely related to the M-BDI score. Physically active students, regardless of the type of PA, were significantly more likely to perceive their health as good, to have higher health awareness, to perform strengthening exercises, and to be males. The stratified analyses indicated that the association between depression and PA differed by body image. In students perceiving their body image as ‘just right’, moderate (>4th percentile) and high (>5th percentile) M-BDI scores were inversely related to vigorous PA. However, in students who perceived their body image as ‘overweight’, the inverse association was only significant in those with high M-BDI scores. We conclude that the positive effect of PA on depression could be down modulated by the negative impact of a ‘distorted’ body image on depression. The practical implications of these findings are that PA programmes targeting persons with depressive symptoms should include effective components to enhance body image perception.
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23
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Egli T, Bland HW, Melton BF, Czech DR. Influence of age, sex, and race on college students' exercise motivation of physical activity. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2011; 59:399-406. [PMID: 21500059 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2010.513074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors examined differences in exercise motivation between age, sex, and race for college students. PARTICIPANTS Students from 156 sections of physical activity classes at a midsize university were recruited (n = 2,199; 1,081 men, 1,118 women) in 2005-2006 and volunteered to complete the Exercise Motivation Inventory. METHODS Quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive research design was employed. RESULTS Significant differences were found in 3 of 14 exercise motivational subscales by age (affiliation, health pressures, and ill health avoidance) (p < .05). Males were motivated by intrinsic factors (strength, competition, and challenge) (p < .05) and females by extrinsic factors (ie, weight management and appearance) (p < .05); only 2 subscales proved not to be significant by sex. Race differences provided 8 significant differences by exercise motivations (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences for exercise motivations in college-aged population by demographics were documented. Understanding these differences is important for college health professionals for programming strategies and promoting physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Egli
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
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24
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Quintiliani L, Allen J, Marino M, Kelly-Weeder S, Li Y. Multiple health behavior clusters among female college students. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2010; 79:134-137. [PMID: 19767168 PMCID: PMC5892440 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2009.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine prevalence of multiple unhealthful behaviors and detect clusters of unhealthful behaviors among college women. METHODS Women ages 18-22 enrolled full-time at an urban university located in the Northeastern United States were invited to complete an online survey, which assessed maintenance behaviors: fruits/vegetables, physical activity, cervical screening and at-risk behaviors: frequent drinking, smoking, and non-use of protective measures during sexual intercourse. Of 4774 invited, complete data is available for 1463 participants (1463/4774=30.6%). RESULTS Nearly 65% had two or more unhealthful behaviors. Three distinct clusters were defined: cluster one included women who were lower in health maintenance and higher in at-risk behaviors; cluster two included women who were lower in health maintenance and lower in at-risk behaviors; and cluster three included women who were higher in health maintenance and intermediate in at-risk behaviors. CONCLUSION These clustering patterns suggest health programs directed at college students address multiple behaviors simultaneously. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Programs targeting multiple behaviors should consider activities for those seen within and outside of the context of health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Quintiliani
- Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA.
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25
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Struble CB, Lindley LL, Montgomery K, Hardin J, Burcin M. Overweight and obesity in lesbian and bisexual college women. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2010; 59:51-6. [PMID: 20670929 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2010.483703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate and compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity among self-identified lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual college age women. METHODS A secondary analysis of the Spring 2006 National College Health Assessment was conducted with 31,500 female college students (aged 18 to 25 years) to compare body mass index (calculated from self-reported height and weight) among lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual college women. RESULTS Compared to heterosexuals female college students, lesbians and bisexual women were both significantly more likely to be overweight or obese. Lesbians were also less likely to be underweight compared to heterosexual college women. CONCLUSIONS Self-identified lesbian and bisexual college women were more likely to be overweight or obese than their heterosexual counterparts. Health care professionals and educators should target these high-risk populations for obesity prevention programs. This study highlights the need for additional research examining the potential risk factors for overweight and obesity among young sexual minority women.
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Seo DC, Torabi MR, Jiang N, Fernandez-Rojas X, Park BH. Correlates of college students' physical activity: cross-cultural differences. Asia Pac J Public Health 2009; 21:421-32. [PMID: 19661101 DOI: 10.1177/1010539509344112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined cross-cultural differences in personal and behavioral determinants of vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) among college students living in distinctly different cultures, that is, the United States, Costa Rica, India, and South Korea. Participants of this study were recruited from randomly chosen public universities in the 4 countries during the 2006-2007 academic year. A total of 4685 students participated in the study (response rate 90%). Vigorous-intensity PA was measured by asking on how many of the past 7 days the participants participated in PA for at least 20 minutes that made them sweat or breathe hard. For moderate-intensity PA, participants were asked on how many of the past 7 days they participated in PA for at least 30 minutes that did not make them sweat or breathe hard. Findings indicate that whereas perceived overweight and fruit and vegetable consumption are relatively culture-free predictors of PA, gender and TV/video watching are culture-specific predictors. Binge drinking was not predictive of meeting the vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity PA guidelines in any of the 4 countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Chul Seo
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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Greaney ML, Less FD, White AA, Dayton SF, Riebe D, Blissmer B, Shoff S, Walsh JR, Greene GW. College students' barriers and enablers for healthful weight management: a qualitative study. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2009; 41:281-286. [PMID: 19508934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2008.04.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify barriers and enablers for healthful weight management among college students. DESIGN Sixteen on-line focus groups, homogeneous by sex and university. SETTING Eight universities in 8 states. PARTICIPANTS College students (N = 115; 55% female; mean age 19.7 +/- 1.6). ANALYSIS Qualitative software, Nvivo version 2 (QSR International, Victoria, Australia, 2002), was used; similar codes were grouped together and categorized using an ecological model. RESULTS Males and females cited the same barriers to weight management: intrapersonal (eg, temptation and lack of discipline); interpersonal (social situations); and environmental (eg, time constraints, ready access to unhealthful food). Similar enablers were identified by sex: intrapersonal (eg, regulating food intake, being physically active); interpersonal (social support); and environmental (eg, university's environment supports physical activity). More barriers than enablers were given, indicating that these college students were more sensitive to barriers than the enablers for weight management. Factors viewed by some students as barriers to weight management were viewed as enablers by others. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS When designing weight management interventions for college students, sex specificity may not be as important as considering that a barrier for one student may be an enabler for another. From an ecological perspective, individually focused interventions must be implemented in conjunction with environmental-level interventions to facilitate behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Greaney
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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