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Rosen EM, Walker A, Trangenstein PJ, LoParco CR, Livingston MD, Barry AE, Rossheim ME. Alcohol to-go sales policies at on-premise drinking establishments near large public US universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agae023. [PMID: 38632828 PMCID: PMC11024479 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Sweeping policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic increased alcohol availability through permitted to-go sales, potentially posing unique risks to college students. While to-go sales may make binge drinking more convenient, little remains known about these practices. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether drinking establishments' to-go sales practices are associated with their other operational practices and state policy. METHOD This cross-sectional analysis included 221 randomly selected bars, nightclubs, and restaurants within two miles of a large public university. Telephone interviews assessed establishment practices, and the Alcohol Policy Information System provided state alcohol to-go laws. Regression models tested whether establishment to-go sales practices were associated with their business practices (logistic regression) and state policy (generalized estimating equations). RESULTS Nearly one-half (44.8%) of drinking establishments sold alcohol to-go. Establishments with higher vodka prices had nearly 30% higher odds of selling spirits to-go (aOR = 1.29) and establishments offering happy hours specials had more than twice the odds of selling beer (aOR = 2.22), wine (aOR = 2.53), and spirits to-go (aOR = 2.60). Additionally, establishments that implemented physical distance requirements had higher odds of selling wine to-go (aOR = 3.00). State to-go laws were associated with higher odds of selling wine (aOR = 3.99) and spirits to-go (aOR = 5.43) in the full sample and beer to-go (aOR = 4.92) in urban counties. CONCLUSIONS Establishments that sell alcohol to-go tend to engage in other practices designed to drive sales. Evaluations of alcohol to-go sales laws on risky consumption among priority populations, including college students, are urgently needed to inform decisions about how to appropriately regulate sales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Rosen
- Associate Scientist (EMR) and Scientist (PJT), Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Ste 450 Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Andrew Walker
- Doctoral candidate (AW) and Assistant Professor (MDL), Department of Behavioral Social and Health Sciences Education, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Rd, NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Pamela J Trangenstein
- Associate Scientist (EMR) and Scientist (PJT), Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Ste 450 Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Cassidy R LoParco
- Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 800 22nd St, NW, Washington, DC 20052, United States
| | - Melvin D Livingston
- Doctoral candidate (AW) and Assistant Professor (MDL), Department of Behavioral Social and Health Sciences Education, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Rd, NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Adam E Barry
- Professor, School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Lab Rd., Ste 362 College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Matthew E Rossheim
- Associate Professor, School of Public Health, Department of Health Administration and Health Policy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
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Barry AE, Erickson C. Can Drinking Companions Accurately and Reliably Report on Visible Signs of Alcohol Intoxication among Bar Patrons? Issues in Dram Shop Witness Testimony. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2024. [PMID: 38319090 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.23-00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
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3
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Nabil AK, Barry AE, Kum HC, Ohsfeldt RL. Actual and perceived E-cigarettes behaviors among a national sample of U.S. college students. J Am Coll Health 2024; 72:109-117. [PMID: 35025725 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.2024209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Electronic cigarette use represents an important college health concern. This investigation assessed demographic and behavioral correlates associated with actual and perceived e-cigarette use among a national sample of American college students. Methods: Respondents (n = 19,861) comprised college students from over 40 distinct American higher education institutions. Multivariable logistic regression assessed whether (1) alcohol, tobacco or marijuana use were associated with e-cigarette use; (2) perceived peer use of alcohol, tobacco or marijuana were associated with perceived e-cigarette use. Results: Approximately 5% of survey respondents self-reported using e-cigarettes within the past month. More than 7 out of every 10 respondents, however, thought the 'typical student' was an e-cigarette user. As perceptions of typical student substance use increased, respondents were far more likely to contend the typical student used e-cigarettes. Discussion: In addition to adopting smoke-free campus policies, university officials should disseminate accurate information regarding e-cigarette behaviors of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Khurshid Nabil
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Hye-Chung Kum
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Robert L Ohsfeldt
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Russell AM, Montemayor BN, Ndulue EB, Barry AE, Massey PM. Alcohol Use Disorder Narratives in U.S. Digital News Coverage and Engagement on Social Media. Health Commun 2023; 38:2986-2992. [PMID: 36178062 PMCID: PMC10060439 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2129314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Social media regularly serves as a source of news and health-related information subsequently shaping public opinion and behavior. We examined mainstream digital news narratives about alcohol use disorder (AUD), including coverage of solutions to AUD, and associations between narratives and engagement on social media. AUD-related articles (N = 339) published in top U.S. newspapers and digital native news sources in 2019 were analyzed by trained coders with a structured codebook (κ = 0.75), examining characteristics of stories highlighting specific individuals affected by AUD and solution-framing of AUD. Facebook shares were used as a proxy measure for an article's potential "reach" on social media. Of articles focused on individuals (72.0%), most (62.7%) depicted individuals affected by AUD as criminals, as opposed to engaging with alcohol treatment or being in recovery (31.1%). These criminal depictions received over eight times as many FB shares, compared to alcohol use treatment or recovery depictions. Law enforcement solutions (63.9%) were depicted most often, followed by AUD-treatment oriented solutions (40.1%), and prevention-oriented solutions (15.8%). Law enforcement solutions received more than five times as much social media engagement than AUD-treatment oriented solutions and over twenty-nine times more engagement than prevention-oriented solutions. There is a need to increase news coverage featuring depictions of individuals who have successfully engaged with alcohol treatment and recovery, reflecting the millions of Americans who have resolved a significant past alcohol problem. News coverage of AUD should also incorporate more depictions of evidence-based prevention-oriented and treatment-oriented solutions to AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Ben N. Montemayor
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Philip M. Massey
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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5
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Russell AM, Montemayor BN, Chiang SC, Milaham PJ, Barry AE, Lin HC, Bergman BG, Massey PM. Characterizing Twitter chatter about temporary alcohol abstinence during "Dry January". Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:589-598. [PMID: 37652745 PMCID: PMC10642608 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
With roots as a public health campaign in the United Kingdom, "Dry January" is a temporary alcohol abstinence initiative encouraging participants to abstain from alcohol use during the month of January. Dry January has become a cultural phenomenon, gaining increasing news media attention and social media engagement. Given the utility of capturing naturalistic discussions around health topics on social media, we examined Twitter chatter about Dry January and associated temporary abstinence experiences. Public tweets were collected containing the search terms "dry january" or "dryjanuary" posted between 15 December and 15 February across 3 years (2020-2). A random subsample stratified by year (n = 3145) was pulled for manual content analysis by trained coders. Final codebook accounted for user sentiment toward Dry January, user account type, and themes related to Dry January participation. Engagement metadata (e.g. likes) were also collected. Though user sentiment was mixed, most tweets expressed positive or neutral sentiment toward Dry January (74.7%). Common themes included encouragement and support for Dry January participation (14.1%), experimentation with and promotion of nonalcoholic drinks (14.0%), and benefits derived from Dry January participation (10.4%). While there is promise in the movement to promote positive alcohol-related behavior change, increased efforts to deliver the campaign within a public health context are needed. Health communication campaigns designed to inform participants about evidence-based treatment and recovery support services proven to help people quit or cut down on their drinking are likely to maximize benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Russell
- Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 151 Merrimac St., Floor 4, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Ben N Montemayor
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Shawn C Chiang
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Plangkat J Milaham
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
| | - Brandon G Bergman
- Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 151 Merrimac St., Floor 4, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Philip M Massey
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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Russell AM, Barry AE, Patterson MS. Strategies for measuring peer alcohol use within egocentric network analysis. J Am Coll Health 2023; 71:2176-2183. [PMID: 34469251 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1965144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compare different strategies for measuring perceived peer alcohol use within network research. PARTICIPANTS College students (N = 309). METHODS Collected demographic, personal alcohol use, and egocentric network data. Hierarchical linear regression analyses predicted egos' drinking behavior (AUDIT-C scores). RESULTS Egos' perceptions of nominated peers' binge-drinking frequency explained a significant portion of variance in egos' AUDIT-C scores, over and above perceptions of nominated peers' frequency/typical quantity of alcohol consumption and important demographic covariates. Using more than three items to assess perceived peer alcohol use did not offer statistically significant improvements and may add unnecessary response burden. CONCLUSIONS Utilizing the three-item approach (i.e., frequency, quantity, binge-drinking frequency) to assess perceived peer drinking explained more variance in egos' AUDIT-C scores, as opposed to one- and two-item assessments. Implementing this three-item assessment in egocentric network research can enhance programming efforts targeting reductions in binge drinking among college students within social contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Megan S Patterson
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Montemayor BN, Murfree JR, Nabil AK, Barry AE. The Alcohol and Polysubstance Behaviors of Mandated College Students Prior to Collegiate Sporting Events: An Assessment of Pregaming. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 58:1660-1667. [PMID: 37489899 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2238304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Despite a litany of education and prevention efforts seeking to curtail alcohol and other drug (AOD) use behaviors of United States (U.S.) college students, AOD use remains pervasive among the American college student population. Socio-cultural reinforcement of AOD behaviors, such as pregaming (PG), are often considered normative aspects of the collegiate experience, potentially introducing, and/or exacerbating, AOD use among U.S. college students. Objective: Due to the unique relationship PG has with the U.S. college experience and sports culture, this study explored the relationship between PG prior to a live sporting event and frequency of alcohol use, and the likelihood of persons who pregame also engaging in polysubstance use (>1 substance during drinking/use event). Methods: This study was conducted with college students (n = 816) attending a large public university in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) who violated campus alcohol use policies. Results: Beyond the influence of important demographic covariates, PG (p < .001) was significantly associated with a greater frequency of alcohol use. Moreover, students who participated in PG festivities were nearly 2.5 times more likely to participate in polysubstance use. Discussion: PG prior to live collegiate sporting events has clear public health and policy implications. Future efforts should institute and enforce risk-management policies on college campuses and employ event-specific alcohol and polysubstance use prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Montemayor
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica R Murfree
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Anas K Nabil
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
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Lee YH, Chang YC, Nabil AK, Barry AE. Self-reported reasons for opioid and analgesic misuse among participants without cancer in the United States. Journal of Substance Use 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2023.2173096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Han Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Yen-Chang Chang
- Center for General Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Anas Khurshid Nabil
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Olusanya OA, Greene KM, Rossheim ME, Barry AE. Midwives' knowledge and perceived barriers to screening alcohol use among pregnant women in a southwestern US state. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:384-388. [PMID: 36478421 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can produce multiple damaging outcomes to the foetus, commonly referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). FASD represents the leading non-genetic cause of preventable birth defects in the United States where alcohol guidelines recommend pregnant woman abstain from alcohol use. This study examined: (i) midwives' knowledge, attitude and intent to screen for prenatal alcohol use; and (ii) assessed perceived barriers to communicating alcohol-related information. METHODS Using an online questionnaire, data were obtained from midwives (n = 61) in a southwestern US state between March and May 2018. Descriptive statistics were used to describe midwives' knowledge, attitude, intent and perceived barriers. RESULTS Several midwives considered one alcoholic beverage per occasion to be safe for the foetus (20.3%), some thought alcohol was safe during the 3rd trimester (14.8%) only and few thought it was safe in all trimesters. Many midwives (63.3%) were unaware that the TWEAK and T-ACE were validated alcohol screening tools for pregnant women. Furthermore, most midwives (>50%) agreed that limited time with patients, a need for additional training and lack of information on referral resources interfered with their sharing of alcohol abstinence guidelines. Midwives reported highly favourable attitudes and intentions toward sharing alcohol abstinence messages with their pregnant patients. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS More in-depth research and larger samples are needed to explore barriers (knowledge gaps, limited time with patients, need for additional training) that hinder midwives' dissemination of abstinence messages to pregnant women and limit the uptake of validated alcohol screening tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunto A Olusanya
- Transdisciplinary Center for Health Equity Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - Kaylin M Greene
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Matthew E Rossheim
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, The University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
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Yang M, Russell AM, Barry AE, Merianos AL, Lin HC. Stealth vaping and associated attitudes, perceptions, and control beliefs among US college students across four tobacco-free campuses. Addict Behav 2023; 136:107490. [PMID: 36113279 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stealth vaping gained popularity among college students in recent years. It may undermine the benefits introduced by tobacco-free policies. Yet, no studies have investigated attitude and belief factors associated with stealth vaping. The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between attitudes toward on-campus tobacco regulations, normative perceptions of stealth vaping behaviors, and control beliefs with on-campus stealth vaping among U.S. college students. METHODS Participants from four large, public universities with policies prohibiting use of all forms of tobacco (including e-cigarettes) on campus (N = 863) completed an online survey in Fall 2020. On-campus stealth vaping behavior was captured by past 30-day stealth vaping status and frequency. Hurdle models with logistic and negative binomial regressions were conducted, where stealth vaping status was treated as a binary variable based on the non-zero and zero frequency, and stealth vaping frequency was treated as a count variable. Multiple imputation by chained equations was employed to handle the missing data. RESULTS Participants with more positive attitudes toward regulating on-campus tobacco use were less likely to practice stealth vaping on campus (OR = 1.16, p < 0.01 [predicting zero]). Those with higher perceptions of stealth vaping among other students were more likely to stealth vape more frequently (IRR = 1.03, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our results highlight the need for interventions to address students' attitudes and normative beliefs about stealth vaping. Efforts are needed to educate college students about the risk of e-cigarettes and to enhance enforcement of campus tobacco-free policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Alex M Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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11
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Russell AM, Valdez D, Chiang SC, Montemayor BN, Barry AE, Lin HC, Massey PM. Using Natural Language Processing to Explore "Dry January" Posts on Twitter: Longitudinal Infodemiology Study. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e40160. [PMID: 36343184 PMCID: PMC9719059 DOI: 10.2196/40160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dry January, a temporary alcohol abstinence campaign, encourages individuals to reflect on their relationship with alcohol by temporarily abstaining from consumption during the month of January. Though Dry January has become a global phenomenon, there has been limited investigation into Dry January participants' experiences. One means through which to gain insights into individuals' Dry January-related experiences is by leveraging large-scale social media data (eg, Twitter chatter) to explore and characterize public discourse concerning Dry January. OBJECTIVE We sought to answer the following questions: (1) What themes are present within a corpus of tweets about Dry January, and is there consistency in the language used to discuss Dry January across multiple years of tweets (2020-2022)? (2) Do unique themes or patterns emerge in Dry January 2021 tweets after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic? and (3) What is the association with tweet composition (ie, sentiment and human-authored vs bot-authored) and engagement with Dry January tweets? METHODS We applied natural language processing techniques to a large sample of tweets (n=222,917) containing the term "dry january" or "dryjanuary" posted from December 15 to February 15 across three separate years of participation (2020-2022). Term frequency inverse document frequency, k-means clustering, and principal component analysis were used for data visualization to identify the optimal number of clusters per year. Once data were visualized, we ran interpretation models to afford within-year (or within-cluster) comparisons. Latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling was used to examine content within each cluster per given year. Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner sentiment analysis was used to examine affect per cluster per year. The Botometer automated account check was used to determine average bot score per cluster per year. Last, to assess user engagement with Dry January content, we took the average number of likes and retweets per cluster and ran correlations with other outcome variables of interest. RESULTS We observed several similar topics per year (eg, Dry January resources, Dry January health benefits, updates related to Dry January progress), suggesting relative consistency in Dry January content over time. Although there was overlap in themes across multiple years of tweets, unique themes related to individuals' experiences with alcohol during the midst of the COVID-19 global pandemic were detected in the corpus of tweets from 2021. Also, tweet composition was associated with engagement, including number of likes, retweets, and quote-tweets per post. Bot-dominant clusters had fewer likes, retweets, or quote tweets compared with human-authored clusters. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the utility for using large-scale social media, such as discussions on Twitter, to study drinking reduction attempts and to monitor the ongoing dynamic needs of persons contemplating, preparing for, or actively pursuing attempts to quit or cut down on their drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Russell
- Center for Public Health and Technology, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Danny Valdez
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Shawn C Chiang
- Center for Public Health and Technology, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Ben N Montemayor
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Philip M Massey
- Center for Public Health and Technology, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Montemayor BN, Noland M, Barry AE. College students mandated to substance use courses: Age-of-onset as a predictor of contemporary polysubstance use. J Am Coll Health 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36194393 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2128682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: College campuses report alcohol and other drug policy violations as the most frequent reason students receive disciplinary referrals and, thus, are mandated to programming. This study sought to determine predictors of mandated students' alcohol use frequency, and the likelihood of early-onset alcohol using college students enrolled in mandated programming engaging in current polysubstance use. Methods and participants: Employing a purposive sampling method, n = 822 participants were recruited from a pool of students who violated their university's alcohol policy between October 2019 and July 2021. Results: Data analysis revealed early-onset alcohol use (p < .001), gender ID (p < .01), Greek Affiliation (p < .001), ethnicity (p < .05), and perceived norms (p < .001) significantly predicted alcohol frequency. Analysis also revealed engaging in early-onset alcohol use significantly predicted current participation in polysubstance use (p < 0.01), outside of controls. Conclusions: University programs should consider exploring polysubstance use targeted interventions to mitigate these harmful behaviors and associated negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Montemayor
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Melody Noland
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
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Russell AM, Colditz JB, Barry AE, Davis RE, Shields S, Ortega JM, Primack B. Analyzing Twitter Chatter About Tobacco Use Within Intoxication-related Contexts of Alcohol Use: "Can Someone Tell Me Why Nicotine is So Fire When You're Drunk?". Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:1193-1200. [PMID: 34562100 PMCID: PMC9278832 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol and tobacco are commonly used together. Social influences within online social networking platforms contribute to youth and young adult substance use behaviors. This study used a sample of alcohol- and tobacco-related tweets to evaluate: (1) sentiment toward co-use of alcohol and tobacco, (2) increased susceptibility to tobacco use when consuming alcohol, and (3) the role of alcohol in contributing to a failed attempt to quit tobacco use. METHODS Data were collected from the Twitter API from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019 using tobacco-related keywords (e.g., vape, ecig, smoking, juul*) and alcohol-related filters (e.g., drunk, blackout*). A total of 78,235 tweets were collected, from which a random subsample (n = 1,564) was drawn for coding. Cohen's Kappa values ranged from 0.66 to 0.99. RESULTS Most tweets were pro co-use of alcohol and tobacco (75%). One of every ten tweets reported increased susceptibility to tobacco use when intoxicated. Non-regular tobacco users reported cravings for and tobacco use when consuming alcohol despite disliking tobacco use factors such as the taste, smell, and/or negative health effects. Regular tobacco users reported using markedly higher quantities of tobacco when intoxicated. Individuals discussed the role of alcohol undermining tobacco cessation attempts less often (2.0%), though some who had quit smoking for prolonged periods of time reported reinitiating tobacco use during acute intoxication episodes. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco cessation interventions may benefit from including alcohol-focused components designed to educate participants about the association between increased susceptibility to tobacco use when consuming alcohol and the role of alcohol in undermining tobacco cessation attempts. IMPLICATIONS Sentiment toward co-use of alcohol and tobacco on Twitter is largely positive. Individuals reported regret about using tobacco, or using more than intended, when intoxicated. Those who had quit smoking or vaping for prolonged periods of time reported reinitiating tobacco use when consuming alcohol. While social media-based tobacco cessation interventions like the Truth Initiative's "Ditch the Juul" campaign demonstrate potential to change tobacco use behaviors, these campaigns may benefit from including alcohol-focused components designed to educate participants about the association between increased susceptibility to tobacco use when consuming alcohol and the role of alcohol in undermining tobacco cessation attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jason B Colditz
- Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert E Davis
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Shelby Shields
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Juanybeth M Ortega
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Brian Primack
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Patterson MS, Prochnow T, Russell AM, Barry AE, Fehr SK. Associations Between Sexual Assault Victimization and Risky Drinking Within College Women's Personal Networks. Violence Against Women 2022; 28:2603-2623. [PMID: 35754385 DOI: 10.1177/10778012221077128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Within a sample of college women, this study assessed if an individual's (i.e., ego) history of sexual assault was related to her connecting with risky drinkers, and if her social contacts (i.e., alters) who had experienced sexual assault were also people who engaged in risky drinking. Results suggest ego's history of sexual assault was associated with her connecting to risky drinkers. Generally, egos reported alters who experienced sexual assault were more likely to drink in higher quantities, except when the ego and alter both had experienced sexual assault. Findings highlight the importance of social connections for survivors of sexual assault.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam E Barry
- 2655Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sara K Fehr
- 2655Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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15
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Russell AM, Ou TS, Bergman BG, Massey PM, Barry AE, Lin HC. Associations between heavy drinker’s alcohol-related social media exposures and personal beliefs and attitudes regarding alcohol treatment. Addict Behav Rep 2022; 15:100434. [PMID: 35620218 PMCID: PMC9127265 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Social media exposures were associated with alcohol treatment-seeking intentions. Exposure to peer pro-drinking posts was negatively associated with intentions. Exposure to peer treatment/recovery posts was positively associated with intentions. Associations explained partially by attitudes toward treatment effectiveness and stigma. Social media-based recovery narratives may promote treatment and recovery seeking.
Objective Social media use among American adults is ubiquitous. Alcohol-related social media posts often glamorize heavy drinking, with increased exposure to such content associated with greater alcohol use. Comparatively less is known, however, about how social media promotes alcohol-related health behavior change. Greater scientific knowledge in this area may enhance our understanding of the relationship between social media and alcohol behaviors, helping to inform clinical and public health recommendations. We examined the relationship between exposure to peer alcohol-related social media posts (pro-drinking, negative consequences, and pro-treatment/recovery) and treatment-seeking intentions among heavy drinkers, as well as potential mediators of the relationship (e.g., attitudes toward treatment effectiveness). Method Hazardous drinking adults (aged 18–55 years) who use social media (N = 499) completed an online questionnaire. Linear regression analysis examined the association between alcohol-related social media exposures and treatment-seeking intentions. Mediation was tested using structural equation modelling Results Exposure to peer pro-drinking posts was negatively associated with intentions to seek treatment (β = -0.67, p < 0.01), whereas exposures to peer alcohol-related negative consequences posts and peer posts about positive experiences with treatment/recovery were positively associated with treatment-seeking intentions (β = 0.69, p < 0.01; β = 1.23, p < 0.001, respectively). Mediation analysis concluded the effect of exposures on intentions was explained partially by attitudes toward treatment effectiveness (25.5%) and alcohol treatment stigma (6.1%). Conclusions: Findings suggest peers’ alcohol-related social media posts may both promote and hinder health behavior change depending on the nature of the post. Future research that develops and tests social media-delivered interventions to promote treatment and recovery seeking is warranted.
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Merianos AL, Russell AM, Mahabee-Gittens EM, Barry AE, Yang M, Lin HC. Concurrent use of e-cigarettes and cannabis and associated COVID-19 symptoms, testing, and diagnosis among student e-cigarette users at four U.S. Universities. Addict Behav 2022; 126:107170. [PMID: 34776303 PMCID: PMC8570844 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This investigation assessed whether current (past 30-day) electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) and cannabis use was associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptomatology, testing, and diagnosis among college student e-cigarette users. Methods Participants were 18–26-year-old college student e-cigarette users attending four geographically diverse, large U.S. public universities during October-December 2020 (N = 800). Multivariable logistic regression models explored associations between exclusive e-cigarette use and concurrent e-cigarette and cannabis use and COVID-19 symptoms, testing, and diagnosis. Models controlled for demographics, university site, and current use of combustible cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco. Results Over half of student e-cigarette users (52.0%) concurrently used cannabis. Compared to exclusive e-cigarette users, concurrent e-cigarette and cannabis users were 3.53 times more likely (95%CI = 1.96–6.36) to report COVID-19 symptoms, after adjusting for the covariates. Compared to infrequent exclusive e-cigarette users, infrequent concurrent users (AOR = 4.72, 95%CI = 1.31–17.00), intermediate concurrent users (AOR = 5.10, 95%CI = 1.37–18.97), and frequent concurrent users (AOR = 7.44, 95%CI = 2.06–26.84) were at increased odds of reporting COVID-19 symptoms. Compared to exclusive e-cigarette users, concurrent e-cigarette and cannabis users were 1.85 times more likely (95%CI = 1.15–2.98) to report a COVID-19 diagnosis. Intermediate concurrent users (AOR = 2.88, 95%CI = 1.13–7.35) and frequent concurrent users (AOR = 3.22, 95%CI = 1.32–7.87) were at increased odds of reporting a COVID-19 diagnosis, compared to infrequent exclusive e-cigarette users. Conclusions Concurrent use of e-cigarettes and cannabis may be an underlying risk factor of COVID-19 symptomatology and diagnosis, with more pronounced odds found among intermediate and frequent users. Results highlight the need to educate students about the impacts of e-cigarette and cannabis use on respiratory, immune, and overall health.
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Russell AM, Yang M, Barry AE, Merianos AL, Lin HC. Stealth Vaping Among College Students on Four Geographically Distinct Tobacco-Free College Campuses: Prevalence and Practices. Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:342-348. [PMID: 34297130 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To offset tobacco use among college students, many universities have implemented tobacco-free campus policies. Given how easily e-cigarette users can discreetly vape in places where it is prohibited without being detected (ie, stealth vape), it is important to assess whether students are subverting these policies. This study examined the prevalence of stealth vaping on-campus among students at multiple universities, including frequency and methods for stealth vaping. AIMS AND METHODS A convenience sample of college students was obtained from four geographically distinct, large, public universities with established policies prohibiting all forms of tobacco use on campus. Participants (N = 863 current e-cigarette users) reported on demographics and e-cigarette use. Those who previously stealth vaped on-campus (n = 422) completed additional questions, including common locations, techniques, and devices/e-liquids used for stealth vaping. RESULTS Nearly half (48.9%) of past 30-day e-cigarette users reported previously stealth vaping on-campus. Among stealth vapers, 48.1% owned a smaller device for stealth vaping and 38.9% used e-liquids with low visibility vapors. Common on-campus stealth vaping locations included bathrooms, libraries, parking garages, and classrooms. Techniques used for stealth vaping included deep inhale, blowing a hit into one's clothes, and swallowing a hit. CONCLUSIONS A large percentage of respondents commonly violated campus tobacco-free policies by stealth vaping. For such policies to be effective at reducing on-campus e-cigarette use, there is a need for enhanced monitoring and enforcement. More research is needed to better understand factors influencing stealth vaping behaviors and public health implications. IMPLICATIONS This sample of college student e-cigarette users commonly violated campus smoke- and tobacco-free policies by stealth vaping on campus. Respondents used a range of methods (eg, smaller device and low visibility e-liquids) and locations (eg, bathrooms, libraries, and parking garages) for stealth vaping. If campus policies are to be effective at reducing on-campus e-cigarette use, there is a need for enhanced monitoring and enforcement. E-cigarette devices specifically designed and marketed to facilitate stealth vaping (eg, resembling USB flash drives and pens) may require regulatory action. More research is needed to better understand factors influencing stealth vaping behaviors and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Merianos AL, Russell AM, Mahabee-Gittens EM, Barry AE, Yang M, Lin HC. Assessment of Exclusive, Dual, and Polytobacco E-Cigarette Use and COVID-19 Outcomes Among College Students. Am J Health Promot 2021; 36:421-428. [PMID: 34865520 PMCID: PMC8851046 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211055904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study examined current (past 30-day) dual- and polytobacco use patterns and COVID-19 symptomatology, testing, and diagnosis status among college student electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users. Design Cross-sectional online questionnaire administered during October–December 2020. Setting Four large, U.S. public universities in geographically diverse locations. Sample College students (N=756) ages 18–24 who reported current e-cigarette use. Measures Current use of e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, and cigars, and self-reported COVID-19 symptomatology, testing, and diagnosis status were measured. Analysis Multivariable logistic regression models accounting for students’ demographics, university site, fraternity/sorority membership, and current residence. Results Over half (53.6%) of students were exclusive e-cigarette users, 20.4% were dual e-cigarette and combustible cigarette users, 4.6% were dual e-cigarette and cigar users, and 21.4% were poly users of e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, and cigars. Compared to exclusive e-cigarette users, dual users of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes (AOR=2.12, 95%CI=1.05–4.27) and poly users of e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, and cigars (AOR=3.70, 95%CI=1.78–7.70) had increased odds of COVID-19 symptomatology, even when accounting for covariates. While current tobacco use groups did not differ based on COVID-19 testing, polytobacco users had significantly increased odds (AOR=2.16, 95%CI=1.11–4.20) of having received a positive COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusion Given use of two or more tobacco products increased COVID-19-related risks, results underscore the need to prevent dual- and polytobacco use behaviors in college student e-cigarette users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Merianos
- School of Human Services, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alex M Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, 3341University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, 2518University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, 14736Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Applied Health Science, 1771Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, 1771Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Russell AM, Davis RE, Ortega JM, Colditz JB, Primack B, Barry AE. #Alcohol: Portrayals of Alcohol in Top Videos on TikTok. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021; 82:615-622. [PMID: 34546908 PMCID: PMC9798380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize the content and themes present in user-generated TikTok videos portraying alcohol. METHOD We captured the 100 most popular videos including the #alcohol hashtag on the popular social networking site TikTok. We used an iterative process to codebook development, resulting in codes for user sentiment toward alcohol, type of alcohol depicted, brand references, degree of alcohol use, and positive/negative associations with alcohol use. Videos were independently double coded, evaluated for inter-rater agreement, and adjudicated if differences were present. RESULTS The videos in our sample were collectively viewed 291,999,100 times. The vast majority (98%) of videos expressed pro-alcohol sentiment. Nearly half of videos (41%) were guide videos demonstrating drink recipes. The majority of videos (72%) included liquor. Consuming multiple drinks quickly was depicted in more than half of videos (61%), whereas intoxication (13%) was exhibited less frequently. Positive associations with alcohol were prevalent; 69% of videos conveyed positive experiences with alcohol, 55% of videos contained humor, and 45% included associations of alcohol with camaraderie. Negative associations with alcohol were rarely portrayed (4%). CONCLUSIONS Top alcohol-related videos on TikTok are heavily viewed. Their contents demonstrate a propensity to promote rapid consumption of multiple drinks and to juxtapose alcohol use with positive associations such as humor and camaraderie, while rarely depicting negative outcomes associated with hazardous alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas,Correspondence may be sent to Alex M. Russell at the HPER Building, 308-V, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, or via email at:
| | - Robert E. Davis
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Juanybeth M. Ortega
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Jason B. Colditz
- Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian Primack
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Russell AM, Davis RE, Ortega JM, Colditz JB, Primack B, Barry AE. #Alcohol: Portrayals of Alcohol in Top Videos on TikTok. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021; 82:615-622. [PMID: 34546908 PMCID: PMC9798380 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2021.82.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize the content and themes present in user-generated TikTok videos portraying alcohol. METHOD We captured the 100 most popular videos including the #alcohol hashtag on the popular social networking site TikTok. We used an iterative process to codebook development, resulting in codes for user sentiment toward alcohol, type of alcohol depicted, brand references, degree of alcohol use, and positive/negative associations with alcohol use. Videos were independently double coded, evaluated for inter-rater agreement, and adjudicated if differences were present. RESULTS The videos in our sample were collectively viewed 291,999,100 times. The vast majority (98%) of videos expressed pro-alcohol sentiment. Nearly half of videos (41%) were guide videos demonstrating drink recipes. The majority of videos (72%) included liquor. Consuming multiple drinks quickly was depicted in more than half of videos (61%), whereas intoxication (13%) was exhibited less frequently. Positive associations with alcohol were prevalent; 69% of videos conveyed positive experiences with alcohol, 55% of videos contained humor, and 45% included associations of alcohol with camaraderie. Negative associations with alcohol were rarely portrayed (4%). CONCLUSIONS Top alcohol-related videos on TikTok are heavily viewed. Their contents demonstrate a propensity to promote rapid consumption of multiple drinks and to juxtapose alcohol use with positive associations such as humor and camaraderie, while rarely depicting negative outcomes associated with hazardous alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Robert E. Davis
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Juanybeth M. Ortega
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Jason B. Colditz
- Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian Primack
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Mkuu RS, Gilreath TD, Barry AE, Nafukho FM, Rahman J, Chowdhury MAB, Wekullo C, Harvey IS. Identifying individuals with multiple non-communicable disease risk factors in Kenya: a latent class analysis. Public Health 2021; 198:180-186. [PMID: 34461453 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death globally. In Kenya, the number of deaths resulting from NCDs is projected to surpass malaria and tuberculosis by 2030. Studies in Kenya show increasing NCDs; the aim of the present study is to examine the clustering of NCDs and risk factors in Kenya. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study using data from the 2015 Kenya STEPwise Survey. METHODS This study examined relationships between NCDs (e.g. obesity, hypertension and diabetes) and health behaviours (e.g. sedentary activity, and fruit and vegetable consumption). Survey probability weights, which estimated the sampling design effect, were applied to consider the sampling units, and stratifications were used during sampling so that the results could be generalisable to the national adult Kenyan population. In total, 4350 adults were included in the study sample. RESULTS Overall, 24.43% of participants were classified as having hypertension, 1.88% as having type 2 diabetes, and 27.94% were classified as being overweight or obese. The best-fit model was a four-class solution. Class 1 is best described as 'young with high NCD risk' and had the highest sedentary activity. Class 2 is best described as 'poor rural with lower NCD risk' with a high chance of smoking and alcohol consumption. Class 3 is best described as 'rural with high NCD risk' and had the highest fruit and vegetable consumption. Class 4 is best described as 'wealthy young urban dwellers with high NCD risk' with a high chance of alcohol consumption and smoking. Individuals in Class 4 had the highest chance (40%) of being overweight/obese, a 2% chance of type 2 diabetes and a 23% chance of having hypertension. CONCLUSIONS NCDs are clustered in groups with high-risk behaviours. The group with the highest chance of having NCDs also had the highest chance of engaging in high-risk behaviours. The findings of this study suggest that smoking and alcohol consumption increase NCD risk in rural areas. Tailored and targeted interventions are needed to curb the increasing NCD prevalence in Kenya.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Mkuu
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - T D Gilreath
- Texas A&M University, Transdisciplinary Center for Health Equity Research, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - A E Barry
- Texas A&M University, Department of Health and Kinesiology, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - F M Nafukho
- Texas A&M University, College of Education and Human Development, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - J Rahman
- BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - M A B Chowdhury
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - C Wekullo
- Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya.
| | - I S Harvey
- Texas A&M University, Department of Health and Kinesiology, College Station, TX, USA.
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Abstract
Objectives: Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) has become a popular data collection tool in the addiction sciences. We sought to examine the psychometric properties of the AUDIT-C in an MTurk sample. Methods: Data collection was facilitated via MTurk (N=309; 52.8% female), where an online survey assessed demographic data, alcohol use behaviors (AUDIT-C), and alcohol-related consequences (CAPS-r). Responses to the AUDIT-C were subjected to a principal component analysis to evaluate the structure of the 3-item measure. Alcohol-related consequences were used as a measure of convergent validity. Results: Results provided evidence for a single-factor structure. Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients between AUDIT-C scores and CAPS-r scores produced statistically significant results (r = 0.51, p < .001). Using biological sex-based suggested cut-off scores for the AUDIT-C, hazardous drinkers (M = 19.15, SD = 8.27) demonstrated statistically significantly higher levels of alcohol-related consequences than non-hazardous drinkers (M = 12.56, SD = 5.35; t(295) = -8.34, p < .001). Reliability and stability statistics demonstrated strong internal consistency. Conclusions: Results demonstrate the sound psychometric properties of the AUDIT-C for an MTurk sample and provide evidence supporting the use of AUDIT-C as a screening tool to be employed with digitally accessed populations to identify and reach hazardous drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Russell
- Alex M. Russell, Assistant Professor, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States;,
| | - Adam E. Barry
- Adam E. Barry, Professor, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, United States
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Merianos AL, Mahabee-Gittens EM, Jacobs W, Oloruntoba O, Barry AE, Smith ML. Self-Perceptions, Normative Beliefs, and Substance Use Associated With High School Girls Comparing Themselves to Peers. J Sch Health 2021; 91:482-489. [PMID: 33786816 PMCID: PMC8218720 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed whether self-descriptions, self-perceptions, perceived substance use of friends, and actual substance use were associated with high school girls' frequency of making social comparisons to peers. METHODS We analyzed data from the Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Survey data for 357 high school girls using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Compared to those who "never/rarely" made social comparisons, participants who self-described as fearing something constantly (p = .014) and forced to imitate the people they like (p = .009) were more likely to "usually" compare themselves to peers. Participants who described themselves as feeling forced to imitate the people they like (p = .022), were not the person they would like to be (p = .005), and did not remain calm under pressure (p = .010), were more likely to "often/always" make social comparisons. Participants who perceived themselves as unattractive (p = .034) and self-centered (p = .016) were more likely to "often/always" make social comparisons. Participants who perceived a larger proportion of friends use illicit drugs were less likely to "usually" make social comparisons (p = .027). Participants who perceived a larger proportion of friends drink alcohol were more likely to "often/always" make social comparisons (p = .018). CONCLUSIONS Girls who perceive and describe themselves more negatively are at increased odds of making social comparisons to peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Merianos
- University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210068, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0068, USA
| | - E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2008, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Wura Jacobs
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Stanislaus, One University Circle, Turlock, CA, 95382, USA
| | - Oluyomi Oloruntoba
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Lab Road, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, 332C Blocker Building, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Matthew Lee Smith
- Center for Population Health and Aging, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Lab Road, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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Barry AE, Reyes J, Szucs L, Goodson P, Valdez D. Should We Be Confident in Published Research? A Case Study of Confidence Interval Reporting in Health Education and Behavior Research. Health Behavior Research 2021. [DOI: 10.4148/2572-1836.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Barry AE, Jackson ZA, Fullerton AB. An assessment of sense of belonging in higher education among student service members/veterans. J Am Coll Health 2021; 69:335-339. [PMID: 31662052 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1676249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The health, well-being, and integration of student service members/veterans (SSM/Vs) into higher education has become a growing focal point for college health practitioners and researchers. Methods: Secondary data analysis of "Campus Climate and Culture" module of the Healthy Minds Study (HMS), which included 8211 students. Analyses examined whether military status was associated with sense of belonging. Results: The relationship between military-affiliation and sense of belonging (low versus high) was statistically significant [χ2 (2, 8211) = 10.855, p < 0.01], such that 42% of SSM/V reported low sense of belonging compared to their Reservist (33%) and civilian (28%) counterparts. Even after controlling for age, sex, year in school, and grade point average, SSM/V status (OR = 0.16, Wald = 6.17; p < 0.05), was negatively associated with sense of belonging. Conclusions: Results highlight a need for strategic college health initiatives to foster institutional inclusion and cohort building among SSM/V in higher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Education & Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Zachary A Jackson
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Education & Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Adam B Fullerton
- Department of Education Administration, College of Education and Human Services, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Jacobs W, Amuta-Jimenez AO, Olusanya OA, Bristow AF, Adeloye D, Barry AE. Socio-Ecological Factors of Adolescent Substance Use in Nigeria: A Systematic Review of Literature. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2021; 31:1765-1784. [PMID: 33416751 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2020.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent substance use is influenced by a multitude of socio-ecological factors ranging from intrapersonal to policy-related. We systematically searched electronic databases using variations and Boolean connections of substance use terms to identify literature on Nigerian adolescent substance use (alcohol, drugs, and tobacco). Using the social ecological model to organize findings from the review, we present the intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and/or policy factors of substance use identified in the studies. Of the 13 studies reviewed, most examined only intrapersonal and interpersonal factors affecting Nigerian adolescent substance use, while none clearly examined the impact of other ecological levels (community and policy) on adolescent substance use. All the studies reviewed were cross-sectional, and none employed a sound theoretical framework to guide their inquiry. This review underscores the need for future theory-driven, longitudinal research that captures the dynamic nature of Nigerian adolescent substance use behaviors and other associated health-related behaviors, such as sexual behaviors and intentional/unintentional injuries.
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Abstract
Traditional measures attempting to capture students' perceptions of peer drinking fail to capture the unique social influence of their most proximal peers. Purpose: This study presents egocentric social network data assessing the relationship between students' personal drinking behaviors and those of their closest social ties. Methods: 697 college students participated in the study by reporting on demographic information, alcohol use (AUDIT scores), and egocentric networks. Hierarchical linear regression assessed whether egocentric network variables uniquely predicted personal alcohol use, controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and Greek-life affiliation. Results: Students with higher AUDIT scores were more likely to nominate persons close to them that engaged in more frequent, higher quantity drinking, and were also likely to mirror drinking behaviors to that of their close ties. Conclusion: Future studies should utilize SNA to capture the nuance associated with individuals' perceptions of close others' alcohol use and their own drinking behaviors. Interventions aimed at reducing collegiate drinking should consider the interpersonal nature of drinking behaviors among college student networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Megan S Patterson
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Pickett AC, Valdez D, Barry AE. Does It Work for Everyone? The Influence of Demographic Variables on Statistical Reliability. Health Behavior Research 2020. [DOI: 10.4148/2572-1836.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Olusanya OA, Olokunlade T, Rossheim ME, Greene K, Barry AE. Alcohol messages disseminated to pregnant women by midwives. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2020; 47:255-264. [PMID: 33175601 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2020.1836187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women frequently report inconsistent messages regarding alcohol consumption from their healthcare providers. Midwives play a major role in prenatal care. However, little research has examined alcohol-related information provided by midwives. OBJECTIVE To examine alcohol-related messages disseminated to pregnant women by midwives. METHODS In 2018, 61 certified professional midwives (CPMs) and certified nurse-midwives (CNMs) were recruited from professional organizations in a southwestern state. Midwives responded to an online cross-sectional survey containing the prompt: "A pregnant patient confides in you that she drinks alcohol. She then asks you to tell her a "safe" level of alcohol consumption that won't cause harm to her unborn fetus. How would you respond?" Open-ended responses were analyzed through content analysis and categorized using an inductive approach. RESULTS Responses were grouped into five non-exclusive themes: "harmful effects and unknown safe limits" (77.0%); "abstaining is best" (50.8%); "light drinking is acceptable" (16.4%); "describe your drinking" (21.3%); "I will refer you" (16.4%). The most frequently shared messages were "safe levels of prenatal alcohol use are unknown" (68.9%) and "discontinue alcohol during pregnancy" (45.9%). However, some messages contradicted US dietary guidelines, including "a little bit of alcohol unlikely to cause harm" (11.5%); "cut-down if having more than 1-2 drinks per occasion" (4.9%); and "if you must drink, wine is best" (1.6%). CPMs were less likely to share abstinence messages (p = .003) and more likely to suggest referrals (p = .024), compared to CNMs. CONCLUSION Concerted efforts are needed to ensure information disseminated aligns with health guidelines and encourages abstinence during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunto A Olusanya
- Department of Pediatrics, UTHSC-Oak Ridge National Laboratory Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Le Bonheur Research Center, Memphis, USA
| | | | - Matthew E Rossheim
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, USA
| | - Kaylin Greene
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, USA
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Barry AE, Primm K, Russell H, Russell AM. Characteristics and Effectiveness of Alcohol Website Age Gates Preventing Underage User Access. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 56:82-88. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Examine and evaluate the overall effectiveness of age gates preventing access of underage users to alcohol websites.
Methods
Assess the characteristics of digital age gates among the top 25 alcohol brands among American adolescents, including type of age gate employed and resulting actions of repeated access requests indicating the user was under the legal drinking age.
Results
All official alcohol brand websites examined included an age gate, requiring either entering one’s date of birth (DOB, 91%) or clicking a yes/no box indicating they were of legal drinking age (9%). Only one out of every five alcohol websites blocked futures attempts to gain access after entering a response indicating the user was under the legal drinking age. Users were allowed indefinite attempts to enter a DOB that was of legal drinking age, with the majority of websites subsequently granting access even after multiple underage entries.
Conclusions
Alcohol website visitors with minimal arithmetic abilities, such as very young youth, are able to employ ‘trial and error’ to eventually enter an acceptable legal drinking DOB and gain access. Alcohol brand age gates are weak, at best, and likely an inconsequential barrier that someone with limited math abilities can easily overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- Texas A&M University, College of Education & Human Development, Department of Health & Kinesiology, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Kristin Primm
- Texas A&M University, College of Education & Human Development, Department of Health & Kinesiology, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Hannah Russell
- Texas A&M University, College of Education & Human Development, Department of Health & Kinesiology, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Alex M Russell
- University of Arkansas, College of Education & Health Professions, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States
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Pickett AC, Valdez D, Barry AE. Measurement implications associated with refinement of sexual and gender identity survey items: A case study of the National College Health Assessment. J Am Coll Health 2020; 68:720-726. [PMID: 30958762 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1598421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To quantitatively measure psychometric impact associated with changes to sexual and gender identity survey questions included on the National College Health Assessment (NCHA). Participants: Respondents included all iterations (31) of the NCHA between the years of 2000 and 2015 (N = 1,202,582). Methods: Secondary analysis using complete NCHA data across 15 years. Results: Scale reliability for cisgender men, cisgender women, gay and lesbian, and bisexual groups improved when transgender was moved to reflect a gender option, rather than a sexual orientation category. Scale reliability for the alcohol protective behaviors measure was consistently higher for heterosexual persons than sexual minorities. Conclusions: Less inclusive, less representative conceptualizations of sexual and gender identities on survey questionnaires can result in poorer measurement of social characteristics and behaviors. Researchers and practitioners should seek to ensure their assessments and evaluations include demographic items that capture important nuances associated with human sexual and gender identities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danny Valdez
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Olusanya OA, Barry AE. Dissemination of Prenatal Drinking Guidelines: A Preliminary Study Examining Personal Alcohol Use Among Midwives in a Southwestern US State. J Midwifery Womens Health 2020; 65:634-642. [PMID: 32844544 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The constellation of birth defects seen in fetuses exposed to alcohol in utero have been described as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Evidence suggests that health care providers' communication practices regarding prenatal alcohol use could have beneficial outcomes. There is a paucity of investigations, however, that have examined the health professionals' personal alcohol use and prenatal alcohol recommendations they provide. METHODS This study sought to examine and compare midwives' personal alcohol use and communication practices regarding prenatal alcohol consumption. Certified nurse-midwives (CNMs) and certified professional midwives (CPMs) in a southwestern US state participated. Inclusion criteria included training in prenatal care, labor, birth, and membership in a midwife professional organization. Personal drinking behaviors were assessed with Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C). RESULTS All midwives (N = 61; 100%) reported they typically screened a patient for alcohol use during an initial prenatal visit. However, 5 (8.2%) respondents opted for recommendations that advised patients to drink once in a while. Similarly, 4 (6.6%) midwives counseled no more than one drink per day. In the cohort of participants (n = 40) with AUDIT-C scores, 25 (62.5%) engaged in nonrisky drinking (AUDIT-C scores <3). Most respondents (n = 39 of 40; 97.5%) typically consumed 1 to 2 standard drinks on the day they drank. There was no statistically significant difference in mean overall AUDIT-C scores between CNMs and CPMs (P = .42). When examining midwives' (1) responses on the AUDIT-C questionnaire, (2) nonrisky or risky drinking behaviors, and 3) communication practices regarding prenatal alcohol use, Fisher's exact test showed no statistically significant differences between CNMs and CPMs. DISCUSSION Results of this study highlight the importance of advocating healthy lifestyles among health care professionals while also promoting communication practices that align with national alcohol guidelines. Future investigations that examine associations between health care professionals' personal alcohol use and type or effectiveness of services offered to patients may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Russell AM, Barry AE, Patterson MS. A comparison of global and egocentric network approaches for assessing peer alcohol use among college students in the United States. Drug Alcohol Rev 2020; 39:984-993. [DOI: 10.1111/dar.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA
| | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology Texas A&M University College Station USA
| | - Megan S. Patterson
- Department of Health and Kinesiology Texas A&M University College Station USA
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Russell AM, Yu B, Thompson CG, Sussman SY, Barry AE. Assessing the relationship between youth religiosity and their alcohol use: A meta-analysis from 2008 to 2018. Addict Behav 2020; 106:106361. [PMID: 32120200 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Underage alcohol use, and associated deleterious consequences, persists as a serious public health issue. In particular, early initiation of alcohol use increases risk for the development of alcohol use disorders later on in life. Religiosity - a multidimensional construct, encompassing personal beliefs, commitments, practices, and public behaviors - has demonstrated a strong protective effect on alcohol consumption; as one's religiosity increases their alcohol use behaviors decrease. This meta-analysis includes research spanning years 2008-2018, and specifically examines whether measuring religiosity via a single dimension, as compared to multiple dimensions, impacts the association between alcohol use and religiosity. METHOD A systematic electronic database search spanning three databases using relevant key terms was conducted. Overall, 16 studies were deemed appropriate for subsequent analyses. Effect sizes were calculated, homogeneity of effect sizes was assessed, overall weighted effects were computed, and moderator analyses were conducted to examine the effects of study-level characteristics on the variability of effect sizes. RESULTS Religiosity demonstrated a statistically significant protective effect on adolescent alcohol use (Z = -0.21, p < .001). Measurement of religiosity (i.e., unidimensional versus multidimensional) explained a statistically significant amount of effect-size heterogeneity (Qb(1) = 7.38, p = .007). Thus, religiosity measure dimensionality had a significant effect on the protective effect of youth religiosity on alcohol use. CONCLUSION Results highlight the protective effect of youth religiosity on alcohol use. To further understand the scope of this protective association, future research would benefit from exploring the multidimensional nature of religiosity and the associations between varying conceptualizations of religiosity and adolescent alcohol use outcomes.
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Olusanya OO, Wigfall LT, Rossheim ME, Tomar A, Barry AE. Binge drinking, HIV/HPV co-infection risk, and HIV testing: Factors associated with HPV vaccination among young adults in the United States. Prev Med 2020; 134:106023. [PMID: 32061685 PMCID: PMC7195993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection. Binge drinkers often engage in HIV/HPV co-infection high-risk behaviors. We examined the association between binge drinking, HIV/HPV co-infection risk, HIV testing and HPV vaccination among young adults. Data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey were examined. Participants (N = 430/450,016; 0.11%) were HPV vaccine-eligible young adults ages 18-26 years. Multivariable logistic regression examined the association between binge drinking in the past 30 days, HIV/HPV co-infection high-risk risk behaviors, HIV testing, and HPV vaccination (initiated/completed, unvaccinated) among young adults. Respondents were primarily cisgender (99.8%), non-Hispanic White (41.4%), employed (46.2%) or student (35.4%), and insured (68.2%). Most did not binge drink (55.2%). The majority did not engage in HIV/HPV co-infection high-risk risk behaviors (78.2%). More than one-half had never been tested for HIV (59%) nor vaccinated against HPV (60.6%). Although binge drinkers (44.8%) were significantly more likely to engage in HIV/HPV co-infection high-risk behaviors (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.0-4.5), binge drinking was not positively associated with HIV testing (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.63-1.53). After adjusting for demographics and HIV/HPV co-infection high-risk behaviors, one (aOR = 2.71; 95% CI: 1.11-6.65) and two episodes (aOR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.26-7.41) of binge drinking in the past 30 days were significantly associated with HPV vaccination uptake. Positive associations between HPV vaccination and participants having an HIV test in 2017 (aOR = 3.86; 95% CI: 1.42-10.55) and before 2017 (aOR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.23-5.56) were also statistically significant. Because young adult binge drinkers are more likely to engage in HIV/HPV co-infection high-risk behaviors, promoting HPV vaccination and HIV testing are important public health objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Olusanya
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, Butler Hall, 3258, 525 Lubbock Street, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America.
| | - L T Wigfall
- Texas A&M University, College of Education and Human Development, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Division of Health Education, United States of America.
| | - M E Rossheim
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS5B7, Peterson Family Health Sciences Hall, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States of America.
| | - A Tomar
- Texas A&M University, College of Education and Human Development, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Division of Health Education, United States of America.
| | - A E Barry
- Texas A&M University, College of Education and Human Development, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Division of Health Education, United States of America.
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Jacobs W, Barry AE, Merianos AL, Becker KJ, Valente TW. Gender Differences in Socio-ecological Determinants of Alcohol Use Among Hispanic Adolescents. J Sch Health 2020; 90:99-106. [PMID: 31813163 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to other racial groups, Hispanic/Latino(a) adolescents experience higher rates of alcohol (ab)use and alcohol-related problems. Evidence suggests there are gender differences in alcohol use patterns indicating the likelihood of gender differences in how various determinants influence alcohol use among the genders. Assessing the mechanisms that contribute to Hispanic adolescents' alcohol use requires an understanding of the multidimensional social and environmental processes that operate together to impact their alcohol use. In this study, we examined socio-ecological determinants of Hispanic adolescent alcohol use by gender. METHODS Data from 10th grade Hispanic/Latino(a) students (N = 781) from four high schools in Los Angeles were used to examine associations between socio-ecological characteristics and adolescent alcohol use by gender. RESULTS Overall, 37.5% of participants reported past 30-day alcohol use. Among boys, alcohol use was associated with intrapersonal (not qualifying for reduced lunch), interpersonal (mother's education and peer drinking), and institutional (alcohol-prone school club membership) determinants. Among girls, alcohol use was associated with intrapersonal (academic achievement) and interpersonal (parent and peer alcohol use behavior) determinants. CONCLUSIONS Prevention and intervention efforts need to take into consideration the gender differences in social-ecological risk and protective factors when designing educational or intervention programs and services targeted at Hispanic adolescents. This is crucial to addressing multi-component factors that influence their substance use behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wura Jacobs
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Stanislaus, One University Circle, Turlock, CA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, Blocker Bldg., Office 332C, College Station, TX
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Cincinnati, Teachers College 460NC, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kelsi J Becker
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Cincinnati, 2160 McMicken Circle, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Thomas W Valente
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, SSB 302W, Los Angeles, CA
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Barry AE, Valdez D, Russell AM. Does Religiosity Delay Adolescent Alcohol Initiation? A Long-Term Analysis (2008-2015) of Nationally Representatives Sample of 12th Graders. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:503-511. [PMID: 31729267 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1686024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Underage alcohol consumption is associated with deleterious consequences, with earlier initiation leading to increased likelihood of alcohol misuse and dependence later in life. Religiosity represents a protective factor, such that those with increased religiosity delay alcohol initiation. Herein, we test the association between religiosity and alcohol initiation across several distinct national samples of high school seniors in the United States. Method: To assess long-term associations between alcohol initiation and religiosity, we utilized latent growth curve modeling and simple mean plots to conduct a secondary data analysis on 8 years (2008-2015) of the Monitoring the Future Survey (n = 20,099). Results: When compared with the baseline model, which posited a consistent age of initiation of approximately 9th grade χ2 (n = 18,224, df = 31) = 33.70, p <.34, CFI = .000, TLI = 1.00, RMSEA = .006 (90% CI: .00, .017), religiosity plays an equally consistent role in delaying age of initiation by two grade levels, or three calendar years χ2 (n = 17,978, df = 159.116) = 159.17, p<.0001, CFI = .848, TLI = .834, RMSEA = .017 (90% CI: .00, .03). When means were parsed out by religiosity level and gender, religion was a stronger protector against alcohol age of initiation for females than males. These associations were constant over the 8-year period and across multiple nationally representative samples of adolescents. Conclusions: Religiosity delays alcohol initiation for adolescents. Prevention programs should seek to identify which components of religiosity are most impactful, and subsequently develop and incorporate programmatic aspects that leverage these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Danny Valdez
- School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
| | - Alex M Russell
- Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Abstract
Background: Problematic alcohol drinking has been a public health concern in the United States. Studies showed that religiosity serves as a protective factor, delaying the onset of alcohol use, and reducing the frequency of drinking. Few studies, however, have examined these associations with large, nationally representative samples, and even fewer have assessed the impact of religiosity on drinking behavior transitions/changes. Objectives: This study examined a national adult sample to investigate the associations between religiosity and alcohol use stages including initiation, reinitiation, and persistence of alcohol use. Methods: Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions Waves 1-2 were used. Wave 1 sample included 6113 nondrinkers, 6189 prior drinkers, and 21,950 current drinkers who were at risk for initiation, reinitiation, and persistent use of alcohol, respectively. Religiosity constructs included importance of religious and frequency of practice. Three logistic regressions examined the aforementioned associations. Results: Compared to those not attending religious services, the most frequent attenders exhibited lower odds of initiating alcohol use, reinitiation after prior use, and persistent drinking (ORs = 0.23, 0.51, 0.55, respectively; ps < .01). Those identifying religious beliefs as very important exhibited lower odds of initiation and reinitiation of alcohol use (both ORs = 0.63, ps < .05). Conclusions: Religiosity plays an important role in preventing/delaying alcohol use initiation, reinitiation, and persistence. Incorporating religiosity aspects (e.g. meditation) into alcohol prevention and control programs may serve to increase protective effects. Future studies should seek to delineate what religiosity factors can be leveraged and embedded into secular prevention programs delivered to youth and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Yi-Han Hu
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Alex Russell
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Abstract
Sporting events in the U.S., particularly college football games, provide an opportunity for high-risk alcohol consumption that can result in alcohol-related consequences and associated public safety issues. Policy implication and predicting alcohol-related misconduct at college football games has become a concern for university administrators. To address this issue, we explored the extent to which the profile of a game or opponent-whether that be operationalized by classification (e.g., in-state opponent, conference opponent) or opponent quality (e.g., top-25 status, ranking average)-influences the reported stadium ejections of a college football venue, and whether these associations existed beyond the influence of several noteworthy covariates (e.g., time of kickoff, attendance, temperature). We suggest that time of kickoff and opponent quality measures predicted increases of ejections from college football stadiums. We conclude by discussing policy implications for college athletic departments and university stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Menaker
- Texas A&M University - Kingsville, 700 University Blvd. (MSC 198), Kingsville, TX, 78363-8202, USA.
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, Blocker Bldg., 314-C, College Station, TX, 77843-4243, USA
| | - Steven M Howell
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, Anderson Hall, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
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Rossheim ME, Yurasek AM, Greene KM, Gonzalez-Pons KM, Barry AE, Thombs DL, Trangenstein PJ, Nelson C, Cavazos T, Treffers RD, Jernigan DH. The Federal Trade Commission’s mandated Four Loko labeling fails to facilitate accurate estimation of alcohol content by college students. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2019; 46:430-437. [DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1671438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Rossheim
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ali M. Yurasek
- Department of Health Education & Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kaylin M. Greene
- Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | | | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dennis L. Thombs
- School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Candace Nelson
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Tammy Cavazos
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ryan D. Treffers
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - David H. Jernigan
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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41
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Amuta-Jimenez AO, Lo C, Talwar D, Khan N, Barry AE. Food Label Literacy and Use among US Adults Diagnosed with Cancer: Results from a National Representative Study. J Cancer Educ 2019; 34:1000-1009. [PMID: 30062619 PMCID: PMC6785567 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
For those diagnosed with cancer, lifestyle factors including diet can be more important than ever. However, lack of nutrition-related knowledge can pose a significant barrier to healthy eating. Food labels guide consumers in selecting appropriate portion sizes-that is, caloric content-and ensuring adequate intake of nutrients. Data from the 2013-2014 HINTS were used to examine (a) differences in food label use and food label literacy between respondents ever had a cancer diagnosis and those never had a diagnosis; (b) sociodemographic correlates and health-related correlates of food label use and literacy, in a context of cancer diagnosis; and (c) potential association between food label use/literacy and each of two dietary choices, eating vegetables and fruits and limiting intake of sugary drinks, again, in a context of cancer diagnosis. Data was analyzed via SPSS version 24.0, and cross tabulations using Pearson's Chi-square test and logistic regressions. Income, gender and non-participation in support groups were associated with food label literacy (p<.05). Confidence to take care of self was associated with food label use (p<.05). Relationships were observed between using food labels and curtailing soda intake (b = -.368, p<.05), eating relatively more fruits (b = .558, p<.05), and eating relatively more vegetables (b = .558, p<.05). The overall models predicting consumption of soda [x2 (2) = 13.70, p = .001, Nagelkerke R-square = .059], of fruits [x2 (2) = 33.87, p < .001, Nagelkerke R-square = .136], and of vegetables [x2 (2) = 36.08, p < .001, Nagelkerke R-square = .144] was statistically significant. Implications for research and practice can be found in results linking food label use to better quality diets. They include the usefulness of nutrition education interventions targeting lower-income men with cancer diagnoses; one lesson should be the use of food labels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celia Lo
- Department of Sociology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX USA
| | | | - Nicole Khan
- Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX 77843 USA
| | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, Mail Stop 4243, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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Rossheim ME, Greene KM, Yurasek AM, Barry AE, Gonzalez-Pons KM, Trangenstein PJ, Cavazos T, Nelson C, Treffers RD, Thombs DL, Jernigan DH. Underage drinkers’ first experience consuming a popular brand of supersized alcopop. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2019; 46:421-429. [DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1653316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Rossheim
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Kaylin M. Greene
- Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Ali M. Yurasek
- Department of Health Education & Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Tammy Cavazos
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Candace Nelson
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ryan D. Treffers
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Dennis L. Thombs
- School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - David H. Jernigan
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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43
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Bowman A, Knack JM, Barry AE, Merianos AL, Wilson KL, McKyer ELJ, Smith ML. Self-Perceptions and Factors Associated With Being Put Down at School Among Middle and High School Students. J Sch Nurs 2019; 37:270-279. [PMID: 31390956 DOI: 10.1177/1059840519864144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the prevalence of verbally being put down by others and intrapersonal and normative factors associated with being put down by others among middle and high school students. Students (N = 1,027) completed the Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Survey. Over 16% of participants reported being put down at school. Students who identified with the negative words confused, unattractive, dull, and careless and identified less with the positive words popular, smart, considerate, cool, and self-confident reported being put down by others. High school students were less likely to be put down. As students scored higher on the Negative Self-Description Scale, their odds of being put down increased. As students scored higher on the Positive Self-Description Scale, their odds of being put down decreased. Students who perceived their friends drinking alcohol regularly were less likely to be put down. Strategies to enhance self-perceptions to raise self-awareness and form healthy/positive identities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Bowman
- College of Public Health, School of Social Work, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kelly L Wilson
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - E Lisako J McKyer
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Center for Community Health Development, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Lee Smith
- Center for Population Health and Aging, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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44
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Barry AE, Russell A, Howell S, Phan P, Reyes D, Bopp T. (Unintended) Consequences of initiating an alcohol sales policy at college football stadiums: A case study. J Am Coll Health 2019; 67:397-401. [PMID: 29979954 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1484366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
University officials are increasingly considering selling alcoholic beverages at campus football stadiums. To inform this decision, we report on offenses occurring at a campus football stadium and surrounding community on game day weekends between 2009 and 2013. Campus police log data for 35 home football weekends were examined, accounting for 1,940 distinct incidents. There was a general upward trend in crime incidents. On average, 330 total crime incidents occurred when alcohol was not sold (2009-2011) compared to 475 annually when alcohol was sold (2012-2013). Liquor law violations and alcohol consumption by a minor were the two most frequently cited offenses. Liquor law violations (317) was highest after alcohol sales initiated. Police incidents were markedly higher when playing a traditional football rival at home. College administrators, health officials, athletic departments, and local law enforcement must work together to weigh the potential benefit of enhanced financial profit against the risk of increased alcohol-related crime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Alex Russell
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Steve Howell
- b Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education , Northern Illinois University , Dekalb , Illinois , USA
| | - Pauline Phan
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Dominik Reyes
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Trevor Bopp
- c Department of Tourism, Recreation & Sports Management , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida , USA
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45
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Stellefson M, Paige SR, Barry AE, Wang MQ, Apperson A. Risk factors associated with physical and mental distress in people who report a COPD diagnosis: latent class analysis of 2016 behavioral risk factor surveillance system data. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:809-822. [PMID: 31040659 PMCID: PMC6462160 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s194018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Challenges associated with COPD increase patients’ risk of physical immobility and emotional distress, perpetuating a cycle of symptomatic living that hinders patients’ self-management and adherence to a treatment regimen. There is limited evidence available on how discrete behavioral and health risk factors contribute to the physical and mental distress experienced by people living with COPD. Purpose This secondary data analysis of 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) sought to identify subgroups of people with COPD who were at the highest risk for physical and mental distress. Methods We selected 16 relevant risk indicators in four health-related domains – 1) health risk behaviors, 2) lack of preventive vaccinations, 3) limited health care access, and 4) comorbidities – as predictors of physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the COPD population. Latent class modeling (LCM) was applied to understand how various health-related indicators in these four health domains influenced reports of physical and/or mental distress. Results The majority of BRFSS respondents who reported a COPD diagnosis experienced physical (53.76%) and/or mental (58.23%) distress in the past 14 days. Frequent physical and mental distress were more common in females with COPD in the 45–64 years age group, who were also identified as white and in the lower socioeconomic group. Respondents with intermediate- to high-risk behaviors, intermediate to multiple comorbidities, limited access to health care, and intermediate to low use of preventive vaccinations were more likely to report frequent physical distress compared to the low-risk respondents. Similarly, respondents with high-risk behaviors, intermediate to multiple comorbidities, and low use of preventive vaccinations were more likely to report frequent mental distress than the low-risk group. Discussion This analysis of updated 2016 BRFSS data identified high-risk Americans with COPD who could benefit from disease management and secondary/tertiary health promotion interventions that may improve HRQoL. Future research should address noted disparities in risk factors, particularly among low socioeconomic populations living with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stellefson
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA,
| | - Samantha R Paige
- STEM Translational Communication Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Min Qi Wang
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Avery Apperson
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA,
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46
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Barry AE, Valdez D, Goodson P, Szucs L, Reyes JV. Moving college health research forward: Reconsidering our reliance on statistical significance testing. J Am Coll Health 2019; 67:181-188. [PMID: 29952723 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1470091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the unique health needs of college students and establishing best practices to address them depend, heavily, on the inherent quality and contribution of the research identifying these needs. College health-focused publications currently exemplify less than ideal statistical reporting practices. Specifically, college health practitioners and researchers continue to rely heavily upon null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) as the sole standard for effectiveness, validity, and/or replicability of scientific studies, even though NHST itself was not designed for such purposes. Herein we address the following questions: (a) What is NHST? (b) What are the inherent limitations of NHST? (c) What are recommended alternatives to NHST? and (d) How can editorial policies promote adopting NHST alternatives? Using college health data from the CORE 2011 Alcohol and Drug survey, we provide a heuristic example demonstrating how effect sizes do not suffer from the same limitations as NHST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- a Department of Health and Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Danny Valdez
- b Department of Health and Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Patricia Goodson
- c Department of Health and Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Leigh Szucs
- d Department of Health and Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Jovanni V Reyes
- e Department of Health and Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , TAMU , College Station , Texas , USA
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47
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Barry AE, Russell AM. Ease of Access to Alcohol Advertising on Social Networking Sites Makes Influence of Posts and User Comments More Concerning: A Commentary on Noel & Babor (2018). J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2019; 80:267-268. [PMID: 31014475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- Associate Department Head, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Alex M Russell
- Doctoral Research Assistant, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Barry AE, Russell AM. Ease of Access to Alcohol Advertising on Social Networking Sites Makes Influence of Posts and User Comments More Concerning: A Commentary on Noel & Babor (2018). J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2019. [DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2019.80.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam E. Barry
- Associate Department Head, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Alex M. Russell
- Doctoral Research Assistant, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Chaney BH, Martin RJ, Barry AE, Lee JGL, Cremeens-Matthews J, Stellefson ML. Pregaming: A Field-Based Investigation of Alcohol Quantities Consumed Prior to Visiting a Bar and Restaurant District. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 54:1017-1023. [PMID: 30614346 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1558252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigations examining the association between pregaming, or the consumption of alcohol prior to attending a social gathering or drinking establishment, and blood alcohol concentrations have primarily relied on estimations (i.e., Widmark equation), rather than objective biologic samples, such as breath alcohol concentration (BrAC). OBJECTIVES The current study assessed: (1) pregaming, using quantity-based measures, among a sample of college and non-college affiliated bar patrons, (2) associations between pregaming intensity/status and participant intoxication (BrAC), and (3) whether participants who pregamed were more likely to identify as a hazardous drinker. METHODS 548 bar patrons provided data on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) and a single pregaming item assessing quantity of alcohol consumed prior to visiting a bar/restaurant district in 2015. BrAC samples were collected post interview. We used hierarchical linear regression models, respectively, to assess whether pregaming significantly impacted BrAC and whether presence of hazardous drinking predicted pregaming behavior. RESULTS After controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, age, student status, and Greek affiliation, the linear regression model explained 32.3% (R2 = .323) of the variance of BrAC levels (F(12) = 21.162, p < .001), with 4.30% of the variance explained solely by pregaming (β = 0.014; p < .001). The linear regression model to assess if harzardous drinking behavior (AUDIT-C) significantly predicted pregaming explained 31.2% (R2 = .312) of the variance of pregaming behavior (F(18) = 13.276, p < .001), with 4.2% of the variance explained solely by AUDIT-C scores (β = 0.280; p < .001). CONCLUSION Findings further highlight pregaming as a harmful risk behavior linked to elevated levels of hazardous drinking and intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth H Chaney
- a Department of Health Education & Promotion , East Carolina University , Greenville , North Carolina , USA
| | - Ryan J Martin
- a Department of Health Education & Promotion , East Carolina University , Greenville , North Carolina , USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- b Division of Health Education, Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Joseph G L Lee
- a Department of Health Education & Promotion , East Carolina University , Greenville , North Carolina , USA
| | - Jennifer Cremeens-Matthews
- a Department of Health Education & Promotion , East Carolina University , Greenville , North Carolina , USA
| | - Michael L Stellefson
- a Department of Health Education & Promotion , East Carolina University , Greenville , North Carolina , USA
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50
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Barry AE, Padon AA, Whiteman SD, Hicks KK, Carreon AK, Crowell JR, Willingham KL, Merianos AL. Alcohol Advertising on Social Media: Examining the Content of Popular Alcohol Brands on Instagram. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:2413-2420. [PMID: 29889647 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1482345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable evidence that exposure to alcohol marketing increases the likelihood of adolescents initiating and engaging in alcohol consumption. There is a paucity of research, however, specifically examining industry generated alcohol marketing occurring on social media/networking platforms. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the content of promotional advertisements by alcohol brands on Instagram. METHODS For a 30-day period, Instagram profiles of 15 distinct alcohol brands were examined. Pictorial posts/updates from each profile were screen captured and individually documented. Approximately 184 distinct posts constituted our final sample. The Content Appealing to Youth Index was independently employed by two raters to assess each post. For each characteristic, Cohen's Kappa measures, and associated 95% confidence intervals, were calculated. Descriptive statistics were performed. RESULTS Posts increased throughout the week and peaked on Thursday and Friday. The production value of the posts examined was generally high, frequently featuring color, texture, shine, contrast, faces, and action. Character appeals and use of youth-oriented genres were uncommon. Many of the posts used product appeals and physical benefits to consumption. The posts also emphasized the following rewarding appeal characteristics: positive emotional experiences, achievement, individuality, and camaraderie. The most commonly coded risk-related feature was inappropriate use. Conclusions/Importance: This investigation represents an initial attempt to provide insights into the content alcohol brands are including in their promotional materials on social networking sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Barry
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Alisa A Padon
- b Annenberg School for Communication , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Shawn D Whiteman
- c Department of Family, Consumer, and Human Development , Utah State University , Logan , Utah , USA
| | - Kristen K Hicks
- d Department of Nutrition and Food Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Amie K Carreon
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Jarrett R Crowell
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Kristen L Willingham
- a Department of Health & Kinesiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas , USA
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- e School of Human Services , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
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