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Creed PV, Hamilton SS, Redkey J, Streicher DA, Alali M. Neonatal Meningitis Due to Cronobacter sakazakii. Pediatr Ann 2023; 52:e430-e433. [PMID: 37935393 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20230906-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Cronobacter sakazakii is a new emerging foodborne bacterial pathogen associated with fatal infections such as meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and septicemia in neonates. Powdered infant formula milk has been recognized as one of the main transmission vehicles and contaminated sources of this pathogen. Educating parents about the importance of hygienic reconstitution of powdered infant formula, storage practices, and hand hygiene is crucial to reducing the risk of this life-threatening infection. The clinician should be aware of the special considerations for antimicrobial treatment selection as well as further necessary evaluation. Here, we report a case of a twin neonate who presented with C. sakazakii meningitis and septicemia. [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(11):e430-e433.].
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Guan N, Shi Y, Tong H, Yang Y, Li J, Guo D, Wang X, Shan Z, Lü X, Shi C. Inhibition of Cronobacter sakazakii Biofilm Formation and Expression of Virulence Factors by Coenzyme Q 0. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2023; 20:442-452. [PMID: 37669036 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0) on biofilm formation and the expression of virulence genes by Cronobacter sakazakii. We found that the minimum inhibitory concentration of CoQ0 against C. sakazakii strains ATCC29544 and ATCC29004 was 100 μg/mL, while growth curve assays showed that subinhibitory concentrations (SICs) of CoQ0 for both strains were 6.4, 3.2, 1.6 and 0.8 μg/mL. Assays exploring the inhibition of specific biofilm formation showed that SICs of CoQ0 inhibited biofilm formation by C. sakazakii in a dose-dependent manner, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses. CoQ0 inhibited the swimming and swarming motility of C. sakazakii and reduced its ability to adhere to and invade HT-29 cells. In addition, CoQ0 impeded the ability of C. sakazakii to survive and replicate within RAW 264.7 cells. Finally, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that nine C. sakazakii genes associated with biofilm formation and virulence were downregulated in response to CoQ0 treatment. Overall, our findings suggest that CoQ0 is a promising antibiofilm agent and provide new insights for the prevention and control of infections caused by C. sakazakii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yiqi Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haoyu Tong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanpeng Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Du Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhongguo Shan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Zeng H, Li C, Zhang J, Liang B, Mei H, Wu Q. Fatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonate Caused by Cronobacter sakazakii Sequence Type 64 Strain of CRISPR Sublineage b. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1917-1920. [PMID: 37610257 PMCID: PMC10461654 DOI: 10.3201/eid2909.230537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We report fatal neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in China caused by Cronobacter sakazakii capsular profile K1:CA1, sequence type 64, and CRISPR type 197. Phylodynamic analyses indicated that the strain originated from the ancient, widespread, and antimicrobial drug-sensitive CRISPR sublineage b. Enhanced surveillance and pathogenesis research on this organism are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China (H. Zeng)
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou (H. Zeng, C. Li, J. Zhang, Q. Wu)
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou (B. Liang)
| | - Bingshao Liang
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China (H. Zeng)
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou (H. Zeng, C. Li, J. Zhang, Q. Wu)
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou (B. Liang)
| | - Hanjie Mei
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China (H. Zeng)
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou (H. Zeng, C. Li, J. Zhang, Q. Wu)
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou (B. Liang)
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China (H. Zeng)
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou (H. Zeng, C. Li, J. Zhang, Q. Wu)
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou (B. Liang)
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Braga LMPDS, Saad BAA, de Oliveira CTF, Volpe‐Chaves CE, Lacerda MLGG, Forsythe SJ, Venturini J, de Oliveira SMDVL, Paniago AMM, da Costa LV, Lage RVDS, dos Reis CMF, Brandão MLL. Case report of
Curtobacterium
isolated from a catheter tip sample misidentified as
Cronobacter. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:396-400. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lygia Maria Paulo da Silva Braga
- Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Bruna Abdul Ahad Saad
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul
- Regional Hospital of Mato Grosso do Sul Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luciana Veloso da Costa
- Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Rebeca Vitória da Silva Lage
- Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- National Institute of Quality Control in Health Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Luiz Lima Brandão
- Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- National Institute of Quality Control in Health Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Ji X, Lu P, Hu Y, Xue J, Wu J, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Dong L, Lv H, Wang S. Function Characterization of Endogenous Plasmids in Cronobacter sakazakii and Identification of p-Coumaric Acid as Plasmid-Curing Agent. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:687243. [PMID: 34248908 PMCID: PMC8267800 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.687243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virulence traits and antibiotic resistance are frequently provided by genes located on plasmids. However, experimental verification of the functions of these genes is often lacking due to a lack of related experimental technology. In the present study, an integrated suicide vector was used to efficiently and specifically delete a bacterial endogenous plasmid in Cronobacter sakazakii. The pESA3 plasmid was removed from C. sakazakii BAA-894, and we confirmed that this plasmid contributes to the invasion and virulence of this strain. In addition, the pGW1 plasmid was expunged from C. sakazakii GZcsf-1, and we confirmed that this plasmid confers multidrug resistance. We further screened plasmid-curing agents and found that p-coumaric acid had a remarkable effect on the curing of pESA3 and pGW1 at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Our study investigated the contribution of endogenous plasmids pESA3 and pGW1 by constructing plasmid-cured strains using suicide vectors and suggested that p-coumaric acid can be a safe and effective plasmid-curing agent for C. sakazakii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical Collage, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaozhong Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Xue
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Strysko J, Cope JR, Martin H, Tarr C, Hise K, Collier S, Bowen A. Food Safety and Invasive Cronobacter Infections during Early Infancy, 1961-2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26. [PMID: 32310746 PMCID: PMC7181934 DOI: 10.3201/eid2605.190858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Contaminated powdered infant formula from opened containers is the most commonly identified transmission vehicle. Invasive Cronobacter infections among infants are associated with severe neurologic disabilities and death. Early Cronobacter reports typically featured hospitalized and preterm infants and recognized contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF) as a transmission vehicle. To clarify recent epidemiology, we reviewed all cases of bloodstream infection or meningitis among infants that were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and in the literature (1961–2018; n = 183). Most infants were neonates (100/150 [67%]); 38% (42/112) died, and 79% (81/102) had reported recent PIF consumption. In the final quarter of the study period (2004–2018), case counts were significantly higher (global average 8.7 cases/year); among US cases, significantly higher proportions occurred among full-term (56% [27/48]) and nonhospitalized (78% [42/54]) infants. PIF contamination, most commonly from opened containers, was identified in 30% (21/71) of investigations. Our findings reaffirm the need to promote safer alternatives for infant feeding, particularly among neonates.
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Liu J, Xie G, Xiong Q, Liang T, Xu H. Sensitive dual readout assays based on rolling circle amplification for fluorescent and colorimetric detection of Cronobacter spp. in powdered infant formula. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sahra S, Jahangir A, Mobarakai N, Glaser A, Jahangir A, Sharif MA. First case report of acute cholangitis secondary to Cronobacter sakazakii. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:493. [PMID: 34044785 PMCID: PMC8161626 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which may be a causative agent of meningitis in premature infants and enterocolitis and bacteremia in neonates and adults. While there have been multiple cases of C. sakazakii infections, there have been no acute cholangitis cases reported in humans. Case presentation An 81-year-old male with a past medical history of basal cell carcinoma, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure, complicated by staphylococcus bacteremia, pituitary tumor, glaucoma, and hypothyroidism presented to the emergency room with the complaint of diffuse and generalized 10/10 abdominal pain of 1 day’s duration. There was a concern for pancreatitis, acute cholangitis, and possible cholecystitis, and the patient underwent a percutaneous cholecystostomy tube placement. Blood cultures from admission and biliary fluid cultures both grew C. sakazakii. The patient was treated with a carbapenem and clinically improved. Conclusions The case study described a patient with multiple medical comorbidities that presented with C. sakazakii bacteremia and cholangitis. While this bacterium has been implicated in other infections, we believe this is the first time the bacteria is being documented to have caused acute cholangitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Sahra
- Staten Island University Hospital, 475-Seaview Avenue, Staten Island, NY, 10305, USA.
| | - Abdullah Jahangir
- Staten Island University Hospital, 475-Seaview Avenue, Staten Island, NY, 10305, USA
| | - Neville Mobarakai
- Staten Island University Hospital, 475-Seaview Avenue, Staten Island, NY, 10305, USA
| | - Allison Glaser
- Staten Island University Hospital, 475-Seaview Avenue, Staten Island, NY, 10305, USA
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Costa PV, Vasconcellos L, Forsythe SJ, Brandão MLL. Diversity of Cronobacter genus isolated between 1970 and 2019 on the American continent and genotyped using multi-locus sequence typing. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6156629. [PMID: 33677554 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the Cronobacter spp. strains isolated on the American continent and characterized using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) available in the PubMLST database and current literature. From 465 Cronobacter spp. strains, the majority (n = 267, 57.4%) was from North America, mainly from USA (n = 234) and 198 (42.6%) were from South America, mainly from Brazil (n = 196). A total of 232 (49.9%) were isolated from foods, 102 (21.9%) from environmental, 87 (18.7%) from clinical, 27 (5.8%) from PIF, one from water (0.2%) and 16 (3.5%) from unknown sources. A total of five species were represented: Cronobacter sakazakii (374, 80.4%), Cronobacter malonaticus (41, 8.8%), Cronobacter dublinensis (29, 6.2%), Cronobacter turicensis (16, 3.5%) and Cronobacter muytjensii (5, 1.1%). The strains with complete MLST profile (n = 345) were assigned to 98 STs, a ratio of 3.5 strain by ST found and the calculated Simpson`s index was 0.93. The strains showed a high diversity and after eBURST analysis, 30 STs (n = 189) formed 12 single and/or double-locus variant clonal complexes (CC). A total of 38 STs (38.7%) were associated with clinical cases of infection, including well established C. sakazakii CC 1, 4, 8 and 83; C. malonaticus ST60, 307, 394 and 440; and C. sakazakii ST 12 and 494.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza Vasconcellos
- Department of Quality Control, Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil n.º 4365, Brazil
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Liu X, Qian M, Shen Y, Qin X, Huang H, Yang H, He Y, Bai W. An high-throughput sequencing approach to the preliminary analysis of bacterial communities associated with changes in amino acid nitrogen, organic acid and reducing sugar contents during soy sauce fermentation. Food Chem 2021; 349:129131. [PMID: 33581434 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Soy sauce is a traditional fermented soy food for enhancing the umami taste in Asian cuisines. In this study, 16S rRNA gene throughput sequencing analysis showed the bacterial communities and the changes in soy sauce during fermentation. Weissella, Bacillus and Lactococcus were the most abundant at genus level. The uncultured bacterium Weissella and Lactococcus had relatively high abundance at species level. Alpha diversity analysis indicated the bacterial community diversity increased at fermentation initiation, while decreased as fermentation progressed. Based on beta-diversity analysis, four clusters including cluster I (time point A-F), cluster II (G,H), cluster III (I,J) and cluster IV(K) were distinctly separated, indicating the fermentation time significantly affected bacterial community diversity. Also, close associations were found between the bacterial communities in soy sauce and its amino acid nitrogen, organic acid and reducing sugar contents during fermentation. Therefore, it will provide important information for optimization of the soy sauce production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Cantonese Traditional Food Processing and Safety Control of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Qian
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Cantonese Traditional Food Processing and Safety Control of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixiao Shen
- College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuan Qin
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hancong Huang
- Guangzhou Rufeng Fruit Seasoning Food Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilong He
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Bai
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Cantonese Traditional Food Processing and Safety Control of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhang J, Wang L, Shi L, Chen X, Chen C, Hong Z, Cao Y, Zhao L. Survival strategy of Cronobacter sakazakii against ampicillin pressure: Induction of the viable but nonculturable state. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 334:108819. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Costa PV, de Siqueira RM, Rosa Guimarães AC, Vasconcellos L, Midlej V, Silva da Conceição GM, Forsythe SJ, Lima Brandão ML. Cytotoxicity profile of Cronobacter species isolated from food and clinical specimens in Brazil. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1758-1769. [PMID: 33090617 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Cronobacter strains isolated from foods (n = 50) and clinical samples (n = 6) in Brazil and genotype selected strains (n = 18) using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) METHODS AND RESULTS: The cytotoxic activity of C. sakazakii (n = 29), C. dublinensis (n = 13), C. malonaticus (n = 6), C. turicensis (n = 6) and C. muytjensii (n = 2) was screened using Vero, RK13, Hep2c, NCTC clone 929 and BHK-21 cell lines. Selected Cronobacter strains were assigned to C. sakazakii ST 21, C. turicensis ST 252, C. sakazakii ST 647, and three newly assigned STs: C. turicensis STs 738-740. The maximum death caused by non-heat-treated filtrates was 20·4, 86·2, 47·0 and 84·0%, in Vero, RK13, Hep2c and NCTC clone 929 cells, respectively. These were caused by C. sakazakii strains C291 and C292 (ST 494) which had been isolated during neonatal Cronobacter meningitis infection, and C110 (ST 395) isolated from flaxseed flour. Thermal treatment (100°C/20 min) significantly reduced the cytotoxicity activity in NCTC clone 929 and Vero cells (P ≤ 2 × 10-6 ), but not in RK13 (P = 0·12) and Hep2c (P = 0·85), indicating the cytotoxin(s) were probably proteinaceous. Electron microscopy revealed that cytotoxic compounds from C. sakazakii induced several cell death characteristics, including loss of cell-cell contact, microvilli reduction and cellular lysis. Autophagic vacuoles and mitochondrial damage were the most common ultrastructural features observed. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that Cronobacter strains, especially C. sakazakii, could produce heat-labile cytotoxic compounds in cell filtrates. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study providing insights into the pathogenesis of the Cronobacter genus. Cytotoxins were identified in excreted filtrates of C. sakazakii strains isolated from food and clinical specimens. The presence of Cronobacter strains that can produce cytotoxins in foods can be a potential threat to human health and highlight the need for high levels of hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Costa
- Laboratory of Microbiology of Food and Sanitizes, INCQS/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R M de Siqueira
- Laboratory of Viral Vaccines, Biopharmaceutics, and Cell Culture, INCQS/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A C Rosa Guimarães
- Laboratory of Viral Vaccines, Biopharmaceutics, and Cell Culture, INCQS/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Microbiology of Food and Sanitizes, INCQS/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V Midlej
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure, IOC/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - S J Forsythe
- Foodmicrobe.com, Adams Hill, Keyworth, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - M L Lima Brandão
- Laboratory of Microbiology Control, Biomanguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Costa PV, Vasconcellos L, da Silva IC, Medeiros VDM, Forsythe SJ, Brandão MLL. Multi-locus sequence typing and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Cronobacter sakazakii and Cronobacter malonaticus isolated from corn-based farinaceous foods commercialized in Brazil. Food Res Int 2020; 129:108805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Cui J, Hu J, Du X, Yan C, Xue G, Li S, Cui Z, Huang H, Yuan J. Genomic Analysis of Putative Virulence Factors Affecting Cytotoxicity of Cronobacter. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3104. [PMID: 32117082 PMCID: PMC7019382 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter spp. can cause systemic infections, such as meningitis, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis, in immunocompromised patients, especially neonates. Although some virulence factors have been reported previously, the pathogenesis of Cronobacter remains unclear. In this study, we compared genome sequences from different Cronobacter species, sequence types, and sources, with the virulence genes in the virulence factor database. The results showed that Cronobacter has species specificity for these virulence genes. Additionally, two gene clusters, including sfp encoding fimbriae and hly encoding hemolysin, were discovered. Through cell adhesion, cytotoxicity, and hemolysis assays, we found that the isolates possessing the two gene clusters had higher cytotoxicity and stronger hemolysis capacity than those of other isolates in this study. Moreover, analysis of type VI secretion system (T6SS) cluster and putative fimbria gene clusters of Cronobacter revealed that T6SS have species specificity and isolates with high cytotoxicity possessed more complete T6SS cluster construction than that of the rest. In conclusion, the two novel gene clusters and T6SS cluster were involved in the mechanism underlying the cytotoxicity of Cronobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jinrui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Xue
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoli Li
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Beijing Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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15
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Prevalence, genetic analysis and CRISPR typing of Cronobacter spp. isolated from meat and meat products in China. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 321:108549. [PMID: 32062304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cronobacter spp. are important foodborne pathogens that infections occur in all age groups, especially cause serious life-threatening diseases in infants. This study aimed to acquire data on Cronobacter spp. contamination of meat and meat products (n = 588) in China during 2011 to 2016, and investigated the use of CRISPR typing technology as an approach for characterizing the genetics of Cronobacter spp. The overall contamination rate for Cronobacter spp. was determined to be 9.18% (54/588). Of the positive samples, 90.74% (49/54) had <10 MPN/g, with duck samples had a relatively high contamination rate (15.69%, 8/51) and highest contamination level (28.90 MPN/g). Four species and nine serotypes were identified among 69 isolates, of which C. sakazakii was the major species (n = 50) and C. sakazakii serogroup O1 and O2 (n = 17) were the primary serotypes. The majority of Cronobacter spp. strains were found to be susceptible to most antibiotics except exhibited high resistance to cephalothin (76.81%, 53/69), and total two multi-drug resistant C. sakazakii strains were isolated from duck. The genetic diversity of Cronobacter spp. was remarkably high, as evidenced by the identification of 40 sequence types (STs) and 60 CRISPR types (CTs). C. sakazakii ST64 (n = 7) was the predominant genotype and was further divided into two sub-lineages based on CRISPR diversity, showing different antibiotic resistance profile. These results demonstrate that CRISPR typing results have a good correspondence with bacterial phenotypes, and it will be a tremendously useful approach for elucidating inter-subtyping during molecular epidemiological investigations while interpreting the divergent evolution of Cronobacter. The presence of Cronobacter spp. in meat and meat product is a potential threat to human public health.
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Vasconcellos L, Medeiros V, Rosas C, Forsythe S, Romão C, Brandão M. Occurrence of total coliforms,Escherichia coliandCronobacterspecies in commercially available 20 l bottled drinking water sold in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 69:431-437. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Microbiology of Food and Sanitizes INCQS/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - V.M. Medeiros
- Laboratory of Microbiology of Food and Sanitizes INCQS/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - C.O. Rosas
- Laboratory of Microbiology of Food and Sanitizes INCQS/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - S.J. Forsythe
- Foodmicrobe.com Adams Hill Keyworth Nottinghamshire UK
| | - C.M.C.P.A. Romão
- Laboratory of Microbiology of Food and Sanitizes INCQS/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - M.L.L. Brandão
- Laboratory of Microbiology Control Bio‐Manguinhos/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Lepuschitz S, Ruppitsch W, Pekard-Amenitsch S, Forsythe SJ, Cormican M, Mach RL, Piérard D, Allerberger F. Multicenter Study of Cronobacter sakazakii Infections in Humans, Europe, 2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:515-522. [PMID: 30789137 PMCID: PMC6390735 DOI: 10.3201/eid2503.181652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter sakazakii has been documented as a cause of life-threating infections, predominantly in neonates. We conducted a multicenter study to assess the occurrence of C. sakazakii across Europe and the extent of clonality for outbreak detection. National coordinators representing 24 countries in Europe were requested to submit all human C. sakazakii isolates collected during 2017 to a study center in Austria. Testing at the center included species identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, subtyping by whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and determination of antimicrobial resistance. Eleven countries sent 77 isolates, including 36 isolates from 2017 and 41 historical isolates. Fifty-nine isolates were confirmed as C. sakazakii by WGS, highlighting the challenge of correctly identifying Cronobacter spp. WGS-based typing revealed high strain diversity, indicating absence of multinational outbreaks in 2017, but identified 4 previously unpublished historical outbreaks. WGS is the recommended method for accurate identification, typing, and detection of this pathogen.
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18
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Li C, Zeng H, Zhang J, He W, Ling N, Chen M, Wu S, Lei T, Wu H, Ye Y, Ding Y, Wang J, Wei X, Zhang Y, Wu Q. Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Molecular Characterization of Cronobacter spp. Isolated From Edible Mushrooms in China. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:283. [PMID: 30863374 PMCID: PMC6399401 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter spp. are foodborne pathogens that can infect and cause life-threatening diseases in all age groups, particularly in infants and immunocompromised elderly. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and molecular characteristics of Cronobacter spp. isolates in edible mushrooms collected from 44 cities in China. In total, 668 edible mushrooms were collected from traditional retail markets and supermarkets and were analyzed by quantitative methods, PCR-based serotyping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Among the 668 samples tested, 89 (13.32%) were positive for Cronobacter spp., and the contamination levels exceeded the 110 most probable number (MPN)/g in 13.48% (12/89) of the samples. Flammulina velutipes samples had the highest contamination rate of 17.54% (37/211), whereas Hypsizygus marmoreus samples had the lowest contamination rate of 3.28% (2/61). Ten serotypes were identified among 115 isolates, of which the C. sakazakii serogroup O1 (n = 32) was the primary serotype. MLST indicated that there was quite high genetic diversity in Cronobacter spp. and 72 sequence types were identified, 17 of which were new. Notably, C. sakazakii ST148 (n = 10) was the most prevalent, followed by C. malonaticus ST7 (n = 5). Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that the majority of Cronobacter spp. strains were susceptible to the 16 antibiotics tested. However, a portion of isolates exhibited relatively high resistance to cephalothin, with resistance and intermediate rates of 93.91 and 6.09%, respectively. One isolate (cro300A) was multidrug-resistant, with resistance to five antibiotics. Overall, this large-scale study revealed the relatively high prevalence and high genetic diversity of Cronobacter spp. on edible mushrooms in China, indicating a potential public health concern. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale and systematic study on the prevalence of Cronobacter spp. on edible mushrooms in China, and the findings can provide valuable information that can guide the establishment of effective measures for the control and precaution of Cronobacter spp on edible mushrooms during production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengsi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youxiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
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Silva JN, Vasconcellos L, Forsythe SJ, de Filippis I, Luiz Lima Brandão M. Molecular and phenotypical characterization ofCronobacterspecies isolated with high occurrence from oats and linseeds. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 366:5266300. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Nunes Silva
- Laboratory of Food and Sanitizes, INCQS/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, CEP:21040-900
| | - Luiza Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Food and Sanitizes, INCQS/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, CEP:21040-900
| | | | - Ivano de Filippis
- Laboratory of Reference Microorganisms, INCQS/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, CEP:21040-900
| | - Marcelo Luiz Lima Brandão
- Laboratory of Food and Sanitizes, INCQS/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, CEP:21040-900
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