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P. P, Shetty U, Parida P, Varamballi P, Mukhopadhyay C, N S. Molecular detection and genotyping of HMPV in patients with severe acute respiratory infection in India. Ann Med 2024; 56:2398719. [PMID: 39221771 PMCID: PMC11370674 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2398719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common respiratory pathogen that causes respiratory tract infections. In India, HMPV has been identified as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children with respiratory tract infections. The most reported sublineages of HMPV in India are B1, B2, A2b and A2c. OBJECTIVE A retrospective study was conducted to determine the circulating genotypes of HMPV among SARI cases from January 2016 to December 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS Positive throat swab samples were confirmed with real-time RT-PCR. Subsequently, these samples were analysed using semi-nested conventional RT-PCR targeting the G gene, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Clinical data analysis was also performed using SPSS 15.0 software. RESULTS All 20 samples from the SARI cases were classified under the A2c sublineage of HMPV. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these strains were genetically related to those circulating in Japan, China, and Croatia. Among the samples, ten showed 111-nucleotide duplications, while the other ten had 180-nucleotide duplications. CONCLUSION Clinical analysis showed that four cases had coinfections with other pathogens. Our extensive analysis of patient samples determined that HMPV, especially the A2c genotype, significantly contributed to SARI cases within our study population, which signifies the importance of considering HMPV as a probable aetiological agent when investigating SARI outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragathi P.
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ujwal Shetty
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Preetiparna Parida
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Prasad Varamballi
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Sudheesh N
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Shirato K, Suwa R, Nao N, Kawase M, Sugimoto S, Kume Y, Chishiki M, Ono T, Okabe H, Norito S, Sato M, Sakuma H, Suzuki S, Hosoya M, Takeda M, Hashimoto K. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus in East Japan before and after COVID-19, 2017-2022. Jpn J Infect Dis 2024; 77:137-143. [PMID: 38171847 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2023.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is genetically classified into two major subgroups, A and B, based on attachment glycoprotein (G protein) gene sequences. The A2 subgroup is further separated into three subdivisions, A2a, A2b (A2b1), and A2c (A2b2). Subgroup A2c viruses carrying 180- or 111-nucleotide duplications in the G gene (A2c 180nt-dup or A2c 111nt-dup ) have been reported in Japan and Spain. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted the epidemiological kinetics of other respiratory viruses, including hMPV. In this study, we analyzed the sequences of hMPV isolates in Tokyo and Fukushima obtained from 2017 to 2022, i.e., before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Subgroup A hMPV strains were detected from 2017 to 2019, and most cases were A2c 111nt-dup, suggesting ongoing transmission of this clade, consistent with global transmission dynamics. Subgroup B viruses, but not subgroup A viruses, were detected in 2022 after the COVID-19 peak. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the subgroup B viruses were closely related to strains detected in Yokohama from 2013 to 2016, and strains detected in Fukushima in 2019, suggesting the reappearance of local endemic viruses in East Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Shirato
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Reiko Suwa
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Naganori Nao
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
- One Health Research Center, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Japan
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Miyuki Kawase
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Satoko Sugimoto
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
- Management Department of Biosafety, Laboratory Animals, and Pathogen Bank, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Yohei Kume
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Mina Chishiki
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Hisao Okabe
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Sakurako Norito
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Masatoki Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | | | | | - Mitsuaki Hosoya
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Makoto Takeda
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
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Xie Z, Zhu Z, Xu J, Mao N, Cui A, Wang W, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Xia B, Wang H, Sun Z, Zhang Y. Seasonal and Genetic Characteristics of Human Metapneumovirus Circulating - Henan Province, China, 2017-2023. China CDC Wkly 2024; 6:450-456. [PMID: 38846360 PMCID: PMC11150164 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study examines the seasonal and genetic characteristics of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in Henan from 2017 to 2023. Methods Samples from patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) testing positive for HMPV were subjected to real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction The G gene was amplified and sequenced from these samples for epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis. Results We enrolled 2,707 ARI patients from October 2017 to March 2023, finding an HMPV positivity rate of 6.17% (167/2,707). Children under five exhibited the highest infection rate at 7.78% (138/1,774). The 2018 and 2019 HMPV outbreaks predominantly occurred in spring (March to May), with peak positivity rates of 31.11% in May 2018 and 19.57% in May 2019. A notable increase occurred in November 2020, when positivity reached a historic high of 42.11%, continuing until January 2021. From February 2021 through March 2023, no significant seasonal peaks were observed, with rates ranging from 0% to 8.70%. Out of 81 G gene sequences analyzed, 46.91% (38/81) were identified as subtype A (A2c: 45.67%, 37/81; A2b: 1.23%, 1/81) and 53.09% (43/81) as subtype B (B1: 9.88%, 8/81; B2: 43.21%, 35/81). Notably, an AAABBA switch pattern was observed in HMPV subtypes. The dominant strains were A2c111nt-dup in subtype A and B2 in subtype B. Conclusions Six years of surveillance in Henan Province has detailed the seasonal and genetic dynamics of HMPV, contributing valuable insights for the control and prevention of HMPV infections in China. These findings support the development of targeted HMPV vaccines and immunization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luohe City, Henan Province, China
| | - Naiying Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Aili Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luohe City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yage Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- Luohe Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luohe City, Henan Province, China
| | - Baicheng Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe City, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Feng Y, He T, Zhang B, Yuan H, Zhou Y. Epidemiology and diagnosis technologies of human metapneumovirus in China: a mini review. Virol J 2024; 21:59. [PMID: 38454484 PMCID: PMC10921660 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a newly identified pathogen causing acute respiratory tract infections in young infants worldwide. Since the initial document of HMPV infection in China in 2003, Chinese scientists have made lots of efforts to prevent and control this disease, including developing diagnosis methods, vaccines and antiviral agents against HMPV, as well as conducting epidemiological investigations. However, effective vaccines or special antiviral agents against HMPV are currently not approved, thus developing early diagnosis methods and knowing its epidemiological characteristics will be beneficial for HMPV control. Here, we summarized current research focused on the epidemiological characteristics of HMPV in China and its available detection methods, which will be beneficial to increase the public awareness and disease control in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Feng
- Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, Hunan, China
| | - Tao He
- Xiangtan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, Hunan, China
| | - Haibin Yuan
- Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, Hunan, China
| | - Yinfei Zhou
- Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, Hunan, China.
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Ye H, Zhang S, Zhang K, Li Y, Chen D, Tan Y, Liang L, Liu M, Liang J, An S, Wu J, Zhu X, Li M, He Z. Epidemiology, genetic characteristics, and association with meteorological factors of human metapneumovirus infection in children in southern China: A 10-year retrospective study. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 137:40-47. [PMID: 37816430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the epidemiological and genetic features of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection in children in southern China, and the effect of meteorological factors on infection. METHODS 14,817 children (≤14 years) with acute respiratory tract infections from 2010 to 2019 were examined for HMPV and other respiratory viruses by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Full-length F gene of 54 positive samples were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The correlation between the HMPV-positive rate and meteorological factors was analyzed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS HMPV was detected in 524 (3.5%) children, who were mostly younger than 1 year. The seasonal peak of HMPV prevalence mainly occurred in spring. Respiratory syncytial virus was the most common virus coinfected with HMPV (5.3%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequenced HMPV strains belonged to four sublineages, including A2b (1.9%), A2c (31.5%), B1 (50.0%), and B2 (16.7%). After adjusting for all meteorological factors, sunshine duration was inversely correlated with the HMPV-positive rate. CONCLUSION HMPV is an important respiratory pathogen that causes acute respiratory tract infections in children in southern China, particularly in children ≤5 years old. The prevalence peak of HMPV in this area appeared in spring, and the predominant subtype was B1. Meteorological factors, especially long sunshine duration, might decrease the HMPV prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengming Ye
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Public Health Service Center of Bao'an District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhe Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Delin Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyao Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyue Liang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minjie Liu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyao Liang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu An
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jueheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjian He
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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Cho SJ, Kim SH, Lee H, Lee YU, Mun J, Park S, Park J, Park JS, Lee K, Lee CM, Seo J, Kim Y, Chung YS. Re-Emergence of HMPV in Gwangju, South Korea, after the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pathogens 2023; 12:1218. [PMID: 37887734 PMCID: PMC10609798 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have affected the epidemiology of other respiratory viruses. In South Korea, Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) typically occurs from winter to the following spring; however, it was not detected for two years during the COVID-19 pandemic and re-emerged in the fall of 2022, which is a non-epidemic season. To examine the molecular genetic characteristics of HMPV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyzed 427 HMPV-positive samples collected in the Gwangju area from 2018 to 2022. Among these, 24 samples were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Compared to the period before the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence rate of HMPV in 2022 increased by 2.5-fold. Especially in the age group of 6-10 years, the incidence rate increased by more than 4.5-fold. In the phylogenetic analysis results, before the COVID-19 pandemic, the A2.2.2 lineage was predominant, while in 2022, the A2.2.1 and B2 lineage were observed. The non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented after COVID-19, such as social distancing, have reduced opportunities for exposure to HMPV, subsequently leading to decreased acquisition of immunity. As a result, HMPV occurred during non-epidemic seasons, influencing the age distribution of its occurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Ju Cho
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Sun-Hee Kim
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hongsu Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yeong-Un Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Jeongeun Mun
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Sujung Park
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Jungwook Park
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Ji-Su Park
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Kwangho Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Cheong-mi Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Jinjong Seo
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju 61954, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.C.); (H.L.); (Y.-U.L.); (J.M.); (S.P.); (J.P.); (J.-S.P.); (K.L.); (C.-m.L.); (J.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yoon-Seok Chung
- Division of High-Risk Pathogen, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
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Wei T, Wang C, Ma F, Guo J, Chen A, Huang Y, Xie Z, Zheng L. Whole genome sequencing and evolution analyses of Human metapneumovirus. Virus Genes 2023:10.1007/s11262-023-02001-2. [PMID: 37150780 PMCID: PMC10164418 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-02001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major pathogen of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in children. Whole genome sequence analyses could help understand the evolution and transmission events of this virus. In this study, we sequenced HMPV whole genomes to improve the identification of molecular epidemiology in Beijing, China. Nasopharyngeal aspirates of hospitalized children aged < 14 years old with ARTIs were screened for HMPV infection using qPCR. Fourteen pairs of overlapping primers were used to amplify whole genome sequences of HMPV from positive samples with high viral loads. The epidemiology of HMPV was analysed and 27 HMPV whole genome sequences were obtained. Sequence identity and the positional entropy analyses showed that most regions of HMPV genome are conserved, whereas the G gene contained many variations. Phylogenetic analysis identified 25 HMPV sequences that belonged to a newly defined subtype A2b1; G gene sequences from 24 of these contained a 111-nucleotide duplication. HMPV is an important respiratory pathogen in paediatric patients. The new subtype A2b1 with a 111-nucleotide duplication has become predominate in Beijing, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong-An St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chao Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, No. 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Fenlian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, No. 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Jianqiang Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, No. 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Aijun Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, No. 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Yiman Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, No. 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, No. 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100052, China.
| | - Lishu Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, No. 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng Dist., Beijing, 100052, China.
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Zhao H, Feng Q, Feng Z, Zhu Y, Ai J, Xu B, Deng L, Sun Y, Li C, Jin R, Shang Y, Chen X, Xu L, Xie Z. Clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of human metapneumovirus in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in China, 2017 to 2019: A multicentre prospective observational study. Virol Sin 2022; 37:874-882. [PMID: 36007839 PMCID: PMC9797368 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection is one of the leading causes of hospitalization in young children with acute respiratory illness. In this study, we prospectively collected respiratory tract samples from children who were hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infection in six hospitals in China from 2017 to 2019. HMPV was detected in 145 out of 2733 samples (5.3%) from the hospitalized children. The majority of HMPV-positive children were under the age of two (67.6%), with a median age of one year. HMPV can independently cause acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children, while all patients showed mild clinical symptoms. Of all the co-infected patients, HMPV was most commonly detected with enterovirus (EV) or rhinovirus (RhV) (38.0%, followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (32.0%). The highest detection rate occurred from March to May in both northern and southern China. Out of 145 HMPV positive samples, 48 were successfully typed, of which 36 strains were subgrouped into subtypes A2c (75%), eight strains were included in subtype B1 (16.7%), and four strains were included in subtype B2 (8.3%). Moreover, 16 A2c strains contained 111-nucleotide duplications in the G gene. Twenty-seven complete HMPV genomes were successfully obtained, and 25 (92.6%) strains belonged to subtype A2c, whereas one strain was included in subgroup B1 and another was included in subgroup B2. A total of 277 mutations were observed in the complete genomes of 25 A2c strains. All results presented here improve our understanding of clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of HMPV infection in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China
| | - Qianyu Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China
| | - Ziheng Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China
| | - Junhong Ai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases I, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Li Deng
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yinchuan, 750000, China
| | - Changchong Li
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Guiyang Women and Children Healthcare Hospital, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Yunxiao Shang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xiangpeng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China,Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, China
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Liu Z, Xie Z, Sun R, Zhang F, Xu W, Wang Z, Zhang Y. The A2c 111nt-dup Variants of Human Metapneumovirus Predominantly Circulating in Qingdao, China, during 2018 and 2019. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4301-4308. [PMID: 35656887 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) plays an important role in acute respiratory tract infections, especially in children. We investigated the epidemiology of HMPV associated with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) among pediatric inpatients and identified HMPV genetic variations in Qingdao, China, from January 2018 to June 2019. METHODS HMPV-positive samples were identified from throat swabs by multiplex real-time RT-PCR. The G gene sequences of HMPV were obtained, followed by phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS As a result, 71 out of 1051 (6.76%) patients were HMPV positive, and the HMPV-positive rate in children under 5 years of age was three times higher than that in those aged 5-17 years. The epidemic season of HMPV was in spring, with a peak mainly in March. Thirty-two nucleotide sequences of the HMPV G gene successfully obtained were clustered into 3 genotypes, A2c (25/32, 78.13%), B1 (3/32, 9.38%) and B2 (4/32, 12.50%). In addition, 76% (19/25) of A2c viruses were identified as the emerging A2c111nt-dup variants, which were predominantly circulating among pediatric inpatients with ARTIs between January 2018 and June 2019 in Qingdao. CONCLUSIONS The emerging A2c111nt-dup variants have spread between countries and cities and might spread more widely in the future. Further prevalence monitoring of this duplication variant is needed to clarify the potentially expanding transmission and to provide a scientific basis for disease control and vaccine development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Liu
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Xie
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Sun
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoguo Wang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Global Extension and Predominance of Human Metapneumovirus A2 Genotype with Partial G Gene Duplication. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051058. [PMID: 35632799 PMCID: PMC9146545 DOI: 10.3390/v14051058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important respiratory pathogen and is divided in two main groups (A and B). HMPV strains with partial duplications (111-nt and 180-nt duplication) of the G gene have been reported in recent years. Since the initial reports, viruses with these characteristics have been reported in several countries. We analyzed all complete HMPV G gene ectodomain sequences available at GenBank to determine if viruses with 111-nt or 180-nt duplication have become the leading HMPV strains worldwide, and to describe their temporal and geographic distribution. We identified 1462 sequences that fulfilled study criteria (764 HMPV A and 698 HMPV B) reported from 37 countries. The most frequent HMPV A genotype was A2b2 (n = 366), and the most frequent B genotype was B2 (n = 374). A total of 84 sequences contained the 111-nt duplication, and 90 sequences contained the 180-nt duplication. Since 2016, viruses with a partial duplication comprise the most frequent HMPV A sequences globally and have displaced other HMPV A viruses in Asia, Europe, and South America; no sequences of viruses with partial duplication have been reported in North America or Africa so far. Continued surveillance of HMPV is required to identify the emergence and spread of epidemiologically relevant variants.
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Zoonotic Origins of Human Metapneumovirus: A Journey from Birds to Humans. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040677. [PMID: 35458407 PMCID: PMC9028271 DOI: 10.3390/v14040677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metapneumoviruses, members of the family Pneumoviridae, have been identified in birds (avian metapneumoviruses; AMPV’s) and humans (human metapneumoviruses; HMPV’s). AMPV and HMPV are closely related viruses with a similar genomic organization and cause respiratory tract illnesses in birds and humans, respectively. AMPV can be classified into four subgroups, A–D, and is the etiological agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and swollen head syndrome in chickens. Epidemiological studies have indicated that AMPV also circulates in wild bird species which may act as reservoir hosts for novel subtypes. HMPV was first discovered in 2001, but retrospective studies have shown that HMPV has been circulating in humans for at least 50 years. AMPV subgroup C is more closely related to HMPV than to any other AMPV subgroup, suggesting that HMPV has evolved from AMPV-C following zoonotic transfer. In this review, we present a historical perspective on the discovery of metapneumoviruses and discuss the host tropism, pathogenicity, and molecular characteristics of the different AMPV and HMPV subgroups to provide increased focus on the necessity to better understand the evolutionary pathways through which HMPV emerged as a seasonal endemic human respiratory virus.
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Kivit CMHJ, Groen K, Jongbloed M, Linssen CFM, van Loo A, van Gorp ECM, van Nieuwkoop S, den Hoogen BGV, Kruif MDD. An off-season outbreak of human metapneumovirus infections after ending of a COVID-19 lockdown. J Infect 2022; 84:722-746. [PMID: 35123959 PMCID: PMC8847107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
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Korsun NS, Angelova SG, Trifonova IT, Voleva SE, Grigorova IG, Tzotcheva IS, Mileva SD, Perenovska PI. The Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Human Metapneumovirus in Bulgaria, 2016-2019. Intervirology 2021; 64:194-202. [PMID: 34304230 DOI: 10.1159/000516821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) among patients with acute respiratory infections in Bulgaria, and performed genetic characterization of the F gene of these strains. METHODS Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients of a range of ages were tested by using real-time PCR for 12 respiratory viruses. The F gene was sequenced, and phylogenetic and amino acid analyses of the F gene/protein were performed. RESULTS A total of 1,842 patients were examined during a 3-year period; 1,229 patients (66.7%) were positive for at least one respiratory virus. hMPV was identified in 83 (4.5%) patient samples. Eleven (13%) of hMPV-positive patients were coinfected with another respiratory virus. The hMPV incidence rate in the 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019 winter seasons was 5.4, 5.4, and 3.1%, respectively. hMPV was mainly detected in specimens collected between January and May (89.2% of cases). The incidence of hMPV infection was highest (5.1%) among the youngest age-group (0-4 years), where hMPV was a causative agent in 8.1 and 4.8% of bronchiolitis and pneumonia cases, respectively. Among the patients aged ≥5 years, hMPV was detected in 2.2 and 3.2% of cases of pneumonia and central nervous system infections, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the F gene showed that the sequenced hMPV strains belonged to the A2b, B1, and B2 genotypes. Numerous amino acid substitutions were identified compared with the NL00/1 prototype strain. CONCLUSION This study revealed the significant role of hMPV as a causative agent of serious respiratory illnesses in early childhood, and also demonstrated year-to-year changes in hMPV prevalence and genetic diversity in circulating strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neli S Korsun
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Svetla G Angelova
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivelina T Trifonova
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Silvia E Voleva
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iliana G Grigorova
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iren S Tzotcheva
- Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sirma D Mileva
- Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Penka I Perenovska
- Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
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