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Tapak L, Ghasemi MK, Afshar S, Mahjub H, Soltanian A, Khotanlou H. Identification of gene profiles related to the development of oral cancer using a deep learning technique. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:35. [PMID: 36849997 PMCID: PMC9972685 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer (OC) is a debilitating disease that can affect the quality of life of these patients adversely. Oral premalignant lesion patients have a high risk of developing OC. Therefore, identifying robust survival subgroups among them may significantly improve patient therapy and care. This study aimed to identify prognostic biomarkers that predict the time-to-development of OC and survival stratification for patients using state-of-the-art machine learning and deep learning. METHODS Gene expression profiles (29,096 probes) related to 86 patients from the GSE26549 dataset from the GEO repository were used. An autoencoder deep learning neural network model was used to extract features. We also used a univariate Cox regression model to select significant features obtained from the deep learning method (P < 0.05). High-risk and low-risk groups were then identified using a hierarchical clustering technique based on 100 encoded features (the number of units of the encoding layer, i.e., bottleneck of the network) from autoencoder and selected by Cox proportional hazards model and a supervised random forest (RF) classifier was used to identify gene profiles related to subtypes of OC from the original 29,096 probes. RESULTS Among 100 encoded features extracted by autoencoder, seventy features were significantly related to time-to-OC-development, based on the univariate Cox model, which was used as the inputs for the clustering of patients. Two survival risk groups were identified (P value of log-rank test = 0.003) and were used as the labels for supervised classification. The overall accuracy of the RF classifier was 0.916 over the test set, yielded 21 top genes (FUT8-DDR2-ATM-CD247-ETS1-ZEB2-COL5A2-GMAP7-CDH1-COL11A2-COL3A1-AHR-COL2A1-CHORDC1-PTP4A3-COL1A2-CCR2-PDGFRB-COL1A1-FERMT2-PIK3CB) associated with time to developing OC, selected among the original 29,096 probes. CONCLUSIONS Using deep learning, our study identified prominent transcriptional biomarkers in determining high-risk patients for developing oral cancer, which may be prognostic as significant targets for OC therapy. The identified genes may serve as potential targets for oral cancer chemoprevention. Additional validation of these biomarkers in experimental prospective and retrospective studies will launch them in OC clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazem Ghasemi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Mahjub
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltanian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hassan Khotanlou
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
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Ferns GA, Shabanian S, Shams Abadi MS, Farhat A, Arjmand MH. Prognostic and Clinicopathologic Significance of Discoidin Domain Receptors in Different Human Malignancies: A Meta-Analysis. Gastrointest Tumors 2021; 8:177-186. [PMID: 34722471 DOI: 10.1159/000517503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) belong to the receptor tyrosine kinases family and are activated by different types of collagens, which play roles in various physiological processes. An abnormal expression of DDRs is reported in different types of cancers. Despite many reports about the association and roles of high DDR expression levels in cancers, the prognostic values of DDRs are still unclear. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic effect of DDRs in different tissue cancers. Method A literature search was performed in several related databases to find eligible English articles. Based on our research, 20 appropriate studies with 2,602 patients were selected till October 5, 2020. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to evaluate the strength of correlation between DDRs and survival of cancer patients. Result Pooling results showed that a high DDR expression was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.304, 95% CI 1.007-1.69, p = 0.04). Subgroup analysis based on cancer type revealed a significant link between a high DDR expression level and poor OS both in gastrointestinal (pooled HR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.214-2.624, p = 0.003) and urological cancers (pooled HR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.062-1.82, p = 0.018). Conclusion Our meta-analysis results suggest that high DDRs expression has the potential to be used as a biomarker of poor prognosis in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Sheida Shabanian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Milad Shahini Shams Abadi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ahmadshah Farhat
- Neonatal Research Center, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand
- Cancer Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Kasperska A, Borowczak J, Szczerbowski K, Stec E, Ahmadi N, Szylber Ł. Current challenges in targeting tumor desmoplasia to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:919-931. [PMID: 34525931 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210825101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Desmoplasia is crucial for the development, progression and treatment of immune-resistant malignancies. and treatment of immune-resistant malignancies. Targeting desmoplasia-related metabolic pathways appears to be an interesting approach to expand our stock of disposable anti-tumor agents.CXCL12/CXCR4 axis inhibition reduces fibrosis, alleviates immunosuppression and significantly enhances the efficacy of PD-1 immunotherapy. CD40L substitute therapy may increase the activity of T-cells, downregulate CD40+, prolong patients' survival and prevent cancer progression. Although FAPα antagonists used in preclinical models did not lead to permanent cure, an alleviation of immune-resistance, modification of desmoplasia and a decrease in angiogenesis were observed. Targeting DDR2 may enhance the effect of anti-PD-1 treatment in multiple neoplasm cell lines and has the ability to overcome the adaptation to BRAF-targeted therapy in melanoma. Reprogramming desmoplasia could potentially cooperate not only with present treatment, but also other potential therapeutic targets. We present the most promising metabolic pathways related to desmoplasia and discuss the emerging strategies to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kasperska
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. Poland
| | - Jędrzej Borowczak
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szczerbowski
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. Poland
| | - Ewa Stec
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. Poland
| | - Navid Ahmadi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge. United Kingdom
| | - Łukasz Szylber
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. Poland
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Velmurugan BK, Chiu CW, Lin YM, Bharath M, Yeh CM, Chen YE, Chung CM, Lin SH. Increased Expression of p-GSK3β Predicts Poor Survival in T -III/IV Stage OSCC Patients. In Vivo 2021; 34:1805-1809. [PMID: 32606150 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3-β) acts either as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene in various human cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the expression and activity of p-GSK3-β (Ser9) in oral cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the levels of p-GSK3β in 152 oral cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry, and explored their prognostic impact. RESULTS To investigate the role of p-GSK3β (Ser9) in OSCC progression, we first analyzed the expression levels of protein p-GSK3β in normal and oral cancer tissues using immunohistochemical staining. p-GSK3β immunostaining was detected in 32 of 152 (21.1%) oral cancer specimens. High p-GSK3β expression was significantly associated with T (III/IV) stage. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that high levels of p-GSK3β were correlated with poor survival (p=0.001) in T stage (III/IV) OSCC patients. Multivariate analyses indicated that TN stage, AJCC tumor stage, tumor differentiation status and clinical therapy, but not p-GSK3β levels, were independent prognostic factors. Significant mortality risk was found in T stage (III/IV) oral cancer patients with high levels of p-GSK3β (p=0.0006). CONCLUSION GSK3β inactivation is a key event in oral cancer patients and targeting GSK3β might be valuable in treating oral cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun-Wen Chiu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | | | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-En Chen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Sun M, Shen Z. Knockdown of Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) Colon Cancer-Associated Transcript-1 (CCAT1) Suppresses Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration by Inhibiting the Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 (DDR2)/ERK/AKT Axis. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920020. [PMID: 32009633 PMCID: PMC7020735 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence shows that lncRNAs are involved in carcinogenesis or suppression in diverse cancers. This study assessed the biological role of lncRNA CCAT1 in OSCC and explored the underlying molecule mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS CCAT1 and DDR2 expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Colony formation assay and CCK-8 assay were performed to evaluate cell proliferation. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometric analysis and Western blot analysis. In addition, wound healing and Transwell assay were used to assess cell migration and invasion, respectively. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were employed to identify the interaction between DDR2 and CCAT1. Protein levels involved in DDR2/ERK/AKT pathway were estimated by Western blot assay. RESULTS The findings revealed that CCAT1expression was upregulated in OSCC cell lines. Knockdown of CCAT1 repressed cell proliferation, blocked the cell cycle, and suppressed the invasion and migration of TCA-8113 cells. Moreover, DDR2 expression in OSCC cell lines was downregulated and CCAT1 silencing repressed the expression of DDR2. RIP assays validated the binding of CCAT1 and DDR2 protein. Moreover, CCAT1 silencing suppressed the ERK/AKT signaling through DDR2 in TCA-8113 cells. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of CCAT1 suppressed TCA-8113 cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by inactivation of the ERK/AKT pathway via inhibition of DDR2, suggesting the value of CCAT1 in diagnosis and treatment of patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenyu Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Velmurugan BK, Yeh KT, Hsieh MJ, Yeh CM, Lin CC, Kao CY, Huang LR, Lin SH. UNC13C Suppress Tumor Progression via Inhibiting EMT Pathway and Improves Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:728. [PMID: 31440468 PMCID: PMC6694713 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Potential function of UNC13C in variety of cancers including, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains obscure. In the present study, immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarrays containing 268 OSCC samples showed that UNC13C protein levels were inversely correlated with AJCC Stage III and IV (P = 0.002) and death (P = 0.0134). Patients with lower UNC13C expression had a significantly shorter survival (P = 0.0231) than those with higher UNC13C expression. We also identified decreased overall UNC13C expression in oral cancer cell lines. In addition, our functional analysis of UNC13C shows that overexpression of UNC13C inhibited migration and invasion capacities of SCC-9 and SAS cells compared with the empty plasmid transfected cells. Further experiments suggested that transcription factors (Slug, Snail, Twist, and ZEB1) and mesenchymal marker (Vimentin) were down regulated and Tight Junction Protein (Claudin1) was up regulated after UNC13C overexpression in SCC9 and SAS cells. The novel role of UNC13C is revealed for the first time in OSCC. In summary, these results suggest that UNC13C as a novel tumor suppressor and an essential regulator of EMT signaling pathway during OSCC progression, and thus it could be used as a target for preventing oral cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Kumar Velmurugan
- Toxicology and Biomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Yu Kao
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Ru Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan
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7
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Coelho NM, Wang A, McCulloch CA. Discoidin domain receptor 1 interactions with myosin motors contribute to collagen remodeling and tissue fibrosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118510. [PMID: 31319111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Discoidin Domain Receptor (DDR) genes and their homologues have been identified in sponges, worms and flies. These genes code for proteins that are implicated in cell adhesion to matrix proteins. DDRs are now recognized as playing central regulatory roles in several high prevalence human diseases, including invasive cancers, atherosclerosis, and organ fibrosis. While the mechanisms by which DDRs contribute to these diseases are just now being delineated, one of the common themes involves cell adhesion to collagen and the assembly and organization of collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix. In mammals, the multi-functional roles of DDRs in promoting cell adhesion to collagen fibers and in mediating collagen-dependent signaling, suggest that DDRs contribute to multiple pathways of extracellular matrix remodeling, which are centrally important processes in health and disease. In this review we consider that interactions of the cytoplasmic domains of DDR1 with cytoskeletal motor proteins may contribute to matrix remodeling by promoting collagen fiber alignment and compaction. Poorly controlled collagen remodeling with excessive compaction of matrix proteins is a hallmark of fibrotic lesions in many organs and tissues that are affected by infectious, traumatic or chemical-mediated injury. An improved understanding of the mechanisms by which DDRs mediate collagen remodeling and collagen-dependent signaling could suggest new drug targets for treatment of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Coelho
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Wang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C A McCulloch
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Deng L, Liu G, Zheng C, Zhang L, Kang Y, Yang F. Circ-LAMP1 promotes T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma progression via acting as a ceRNA for miR-615-5p to regulate DDR2 expression. Gene 2019; 701:146-151. [PMID: 30922709 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as pivotal functions in tumor progression. Nevertheless, the functions and mechanism of circRNAs in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) remain unclear. In this work, we first screened the differentially expressed circRNAs between T-LBL tissues and normal infantile thymus and circ-LAMP1 was identified the highest expressed circRNA in cancerous tissues. qRT-PCR further verified its upregulation in T-LBL tissues and cell lines. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) experiment proved the cell proliferation-promoting role of circ-LAMP1. This effect is partially dependent on its inhibition on cell apoptosis proved by flow cytometric assay. Dual-luciferase reporter system further identified that miR-615-5p could be sponged by circ-LAMP1 and discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (DDR2) 3'-UTR is the direct target of miR-615-5p. Rescue assays demonstrated that the biological function of circ-LAMP1 is partly attributed to the modulation of miR-615-5p/DDR2 signaling. In summary, these findings documented that circ-LAMP1 might be an oncogene in T-LBL, which might be useful in developing promising therapies for T-LBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Deng
- Department of Pediatric, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China.
| | - Chanjuan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric, Jiamusi Central Hospital, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Pediatric, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Yang Kang
- Department of Pediatric, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Pediatric, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
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