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Chung DD, Chen AC, Choo CH, Zhang W, Williams D, Griffis CG, Bonezzi P, Jatavallabhula K, Sampath AP, Aldave AJ. Investigation of the functional impact of CHED- and FECD4-associated SLC4A11 mutations in human corneal endothelial cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296928. [PMID: 38252645 PMCID: PMC10802951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the solute linked carrier family 4 member 11 (SLC4A11) gene are associated with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) and Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy type 4 (FECD4), both characterized by corneal endothelial cell (CEnC) dysfunction and/or cell loss leading to corneal edema and visual impairment. In this study, we characterize the impact of CHED-/FECD4-associated SLC4A11 mutations on CEnC function and SLC4A11 protein localization by generating and comparing human CEnC (hCEnC) lines expressing wild type SLC4A11 (SLC4A11WT) or mutant SLC4A11 harboring CHED-/FECD4-associated SLC4A11 mutations (SLC4A11MU). SLC4A11WT and SLC4A11MU hCEnC lines were generated to express either SLC4A11 variant 2 (V2WT and V2MU) or variant 3 (V3WT and V3MU), the two major variants expressed in ex vivo hCEnC. Functional assays were performed to assess cell barrier, proliferation, viability, migration, and NH3-induced membrane conductance. We demonstrate SLC4A11-/- and SLC4A11MU hCEnC lines exhibited increased migration rates, altered proliferation and decreased cell viability compared to SLC4A11WT hCEnC. Additionally, SLC4A11-/- hCEnC demonstrated decreased cell-substrate adhesion and membrane capacitances compared to SLC4A11WT hCEnC. Induction with 10mM NH4Cl led SLC4A11WT hCEnC to depolarize; conversely, SLC4A11-/- hCEnC hyperpolarized and the majority of SLC4A11MU hCEnC either hyperpolarized or had minimal membrane potential changes following NH4Cl induction. Immunostaining of primary hCEnC and SLC4A11WT hCEnC lines for SLC4A11 demonstrated predominately plasma membrane staining with poor or partial colocalization with mitochondrial marker COX4 within a subset of punctate subcellular structures. Overall, our findings suggest CHED-associated SLC4A11 mutations likely lead to hCEnC dysfunction, and ultimately CHED, by interfering with cell migration, proliferation, viability, membrane conductance, barrier function, and/or cell surface localization of the SLC4A11 protein in hCEnC. Additionally, based on their similar subcellular localization and exhibiting similar cell functional profiles, protein isoforms encoded by SLC4A11 variant 2 and variant 3 likely have highly overlapping functional roles in hCEnC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doug D. Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Angela C. Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Charlene H. Choo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Wenlin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dominic Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher G. Griffis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Paul Bonezzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kavya Jatavallabhula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alapakkam P. Sampath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Aldave
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Lutter G, Puehler T, Cyganek L, Seiler J, Rogler A, Herberth T, Knueppel P, Gorb SN, Sathananthan J, Sellers S, Müller OJ, Frank D, Haben I. Biodegradable Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds with ECFCs and iMSCs for Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:527. [PMID: 35008953 PMCID: PMC8745109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically used heart valve prostheses, despite their progress, are still associated with limitations. Biodegradable poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanofiber scaffolds, as a matrix, were seeded with human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and human induced-pluripotent stem cells-derived MSCs (iMSCs) for the generation of tissue-engineered heart valves. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and distribution, as well as the effects of coating PCL nanofibers, were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and SEM. Mechanical properties of seeded PCL scaffolds were investigated under uniaxial loading. iPSCs were used to differentiate into iMSCs via mesoderm. The obtained iMSCs exhibited a comparable phenotype and surface marker expression to adult human MSCs and were capable of multilineage differentiation. EFCFs and MSCs showed good adhesion and distribution on PCL fibers, forming a closed cell cover. Coating of the fibers resulted in an increased cell number only at an early time point; from day 7 of colonization, there was no difference between cell numbers on coated and uncoated PCL fibers. The mechanical properties of PCL scaffolds under uniaxial loading were compared with native porcine pulmonary valve leaflets. The Young's modulus and mean elongation at Fmax of unseeded PCL scaffolds were comparable to those of native leaflets (p = ns.). Colonization of PCL scaffolds with human ECFCs or iMSCs did not alter these properties (p = ns.). However, the native heart valves exhibited a maximum tensile stress at a force of 1.2 ± 0.5 N, whereas it was lower in the unseeded PCL scaffolds (0.6 ± 0.0 N, p < 0.05). A closed cell layer on PCL tissues did not change the values of Fmax (ECFCs: 0.6 ± 0.1 N; iMSCs: 0.7 ± 0.1 N). Here, a successful two-phase protocol, based on the timed use of differentiation factors for efficient differentiation of human iPSCs into iMSCs, was developed. Furthermore, we demonstrated the successful colonization of a biodegradable PCL nanofiber matrix with human ECFCs and iMSCs suitable for the generation of tissue-engineered heart valves. A closed cell cover was already evident after 14 days for ECFCs and 21 days for MSCs. The PCL tissue did not show major mechanical differences compared to native heart valves, which was not altered by short-term surface colonization with human cells in the absence of an extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Lutter
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany; (T.P.); (J.S.); (A.R.); (T.H.); (P.K.); (I.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.J.M.); (D.F.)
| | - Thomas Puehler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany; (T.P.); (J.S.); (A.R.); (T.H.); (P.K.); (I.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.J.M.); (D.F.)
| | - Lukas Cyganek
- Stem Cell Unit, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jette Seiler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany; (T.P.); (J.S.); (A.R.); (T.H.); (P.K.); (I.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.J.M.); (D.F.)
| | - Anita Rogler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany; (T.P.); (J.S.); (A.R.); (T.H.); (P.K.); (I.H.)
| | - Tanja Herberth
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany; (T.P.); (J.S.); (A.R.); (T.H.); (P.K.); (I.H.)
| | - Philipp Knueppel
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany; (T.P.); (J.S.); (A.R.); (T.H.); (P.K.); (I.H.)
| | - Stanislav N. Gorb
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Janarthanan Sathananthan
- Department of Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 174, Canada; (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Stephanie Sellers
- Department of Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 174, Canada; (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Oliver J. Müller
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.J.M.); (D.F.)
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Derk Frank
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.J.M.); (D.F.)
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Irma Haben
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany; (T.P.); (J.S.); (A.R.); (T.H.); (P.K.); (I.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.J.M.); (D.F.)
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Bian Q, Chen J, Weng Y, Li S. Endothelialization strategy of implant materials surface: The newest research in recent 5 years. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2022; 20:22808000221105332. [PMID: 35666145 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221105332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, more and more metal or non-metal materials have been used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but the vascular complications after transplantation are still the main factors restricting the clinical application of most grafts, such as acute thrombosis and graft restenosis. Implant materials have been extensively designed and surface optimized by researchers, but it is still too difficult to avoid complications. Natural vascular endodermis has excellent function, anti-coagulant and anti-intimal hyperplasia, and it is also the key to maintaining the homeostasis of normal vascular microenvironment. Therefore, how to promote the adhesion of endothelial cells (ECs) on the surface of cardiovascular materials to achieve endothelialization of the surface is the key to overcoming the complications after implant materialization. At present, the surface endothelialization design of materials based on materials surface science, bioactive molecules, and biological function intervention and feedback has attracted much attention. In this review, we summarize the related research on the surface modification of materials by endothelialization in recent years, and analyze the advantages and challenges of current endothelialization design ideas, explain the relationship between materials, cells, and vascular remodeling in order to find a more ideal endothelialization surface modification strategy for future researchers to meet the requirements of clinical biocompatibility of cardiovascular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Bian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajun Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suiyan Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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eG Coated Stents Exhibit Enhanced Endothelial Wound Healing Characteristics. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2021; 12:515-525. [PMID: 34008078 PMCID: PMC8481217 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-021-00542-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Despite their widespread use, a significant fraction of coronary stents suffer from in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. Stent deployment induces extensive injury to the vascular endothelium. Rapid endothelial wound closure is essential for the success of a stenting procedure. A recent study has demonstrated that the BuMA Supreme® sirolimus-eluting stent exhibits particularly attractive strut coverage characteristics. A unique feature of this stent is the presence of a thin brush layer of poly-butyl methacrylate (PBMA), covalently bonded to the stent’s cobalt-chromium frame via electro-grafting (eG™). The present study aimed to determine whether the PBMA coating has an effect on endothelial cell wound healing and stent strut coverage. Methods We used an in vitro coronary artery model whose wall consisted of an annular collagen hydrogel and whose luminal surface was lined with a monolayer of endothelial cells. Mechanical wounding of the endothelial lining was preformed prior to deployment of a bare cobalt-chromium stent either with or without the PBMA layer. The migration of fluorescently labeled endothelial cells was monitored automatically over a period of 48 h to determine endothelial wound healing rates. Results Quantitative assessment of endothelial wound healing rates within the simulated arterial model is achievable using automated image analysis. Wound healing is significantly faster (44% faster at 48 h) for stents with the PBMA eG Coating™ compared to bare metal stents. Conclusion The PBMA eG Coating™ has the effect of promoting endothelial wound healing. Future studies will focus on elucidating the mechanistic basis of this observation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13239-021-00542-x.
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Tchobanian A, Ceyssens F, Cóndor Salgado M, Van Oosterwyck H, Fardim P. Patterned dextran ester films as a tailorable cell culture platform. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 252:117183. [PMID: 33183630 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The elucidation of cell-surface interactions and the development of model platforms to help uncover their underlying mechanisms remains vital to the design of effective biomaterials. To this end, dextran palmitates with varying degrees of substitution were synthesised with a multipurpose functionality: an ability to modulate surface energy through surface chemistry, and an ideal thermal behaviour for patterning. Herein, dextran palmitate films are produced by spin coating, and patterned by thermal nanoimprint lithography with nano-to-microscale topographies. These films of moderately hydrophobic polysaccharide esters with low nanoscale roughness performed as well as fibronectin coatings in the culture of bovine aortic endothelial cells. Upon patterning, they display distinct regions of roughness, restricting cell adhesion to the smoothest surfaces, while guiding multicellular arrangements in the patterned topographies. The development of biomaterial interfaces through topochemical fabrication such as this could prove useful in understanding protein and cell-surface interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armen Tchobanian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
| | - Frederik Ceyssens
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
| | - Mar Cóndor Salgado
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
| | - Hans Van Oosterwyck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Prometheus Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 - bus 813, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Pedro Fardim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
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Adil MS, Narayanan SP, Somanath PR. Cell-cell junctions: structure and regulation in physiology and pathology. Tissue Barriers 2020; 9:1848212. [PMID: 33300427 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2020.1848212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial and endothelial cell-cell contacts are established and maintained by several intercellular junctional complexes. These structurally and biochemically differentiated regions on the plasma membrane primarily include tight junctions (TJs), and anchoring junctions. While the adherens junctions (AJs) provide essential adhesive and mechanical properties, TJs hold the cells together and form a near leak-proof intercellular seal by the fusion of adjacent cell membranes. AJs and TJs play essential roles in vascular permeability. Considering their involvement in several key cellular functions such as barrier formation, proliferation, migration, survival, and differentiation, further research is warranted on the composition and signaling pathways regulating cell-cell junctions to develop novel therapeutics for diseases such as organ injuries. The current review article presents our current state of knowledge on various cell-cell junctions, their molecular composition, and mechanisms regulating their expression and function in endothelial and epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir S Adil
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center , Augusta, GA, USA
| | - S Priya Narayanan
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center , Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center , Augusta, GA, USA
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Pan L, Liu Z, Chen Y, Yang B, Cheng B. Angiopoietin-1: Can be produced by endothelial cells and act in an autocrine agonistic manner? Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 74:341-345. [PMID: 31884457 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangli Pan
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Biao Cheng
- General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Pang M, Lei X, Yao Z, Chen C, Cheng B. Nonselective alpha-/beta- AR antagonists can inhibit pericyte proliferation, migration, and secretion in vitro. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 75:313-323. [PMID: 32224529 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that the beta-adrenergic receptor blocker (propranolol) and the a-adrenergic receptor (AR) blocker (phentolamine) both can inhibit human endothelial cell (EC) angiogenesis in vitro. However, it is unknown whether this inhibition also acts on pericytes. The present study aimed to determine how pericytes react to treatment with an a-/β- AR blocker. In the study, cell proliferation assays and scratch assay were performed to assess the effect of phentolamine or propranolol on cell proliferation and migration. Western blot and ELISA were employed to determine changes in VEGF-A and Ang-1 expression levels. The results indicated that the nonselective a-/β- AR blocker inhibited the proliferation, migration, and secretion of pericytes. The use of the nonselective a-/β- AR blocker might have an impact on vascularization and vascular maturation. Our research suggests the rational use of nonselective a-/β- AR blockers to treat angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Pang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Lei
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexin Yao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center of Wound Treatment, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, PLA, Guangzhou, China
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Witko T, Solarz D, Feliksiak K, Rajfur Z, Guzik M. Cellular architecture and migration behavior of fibroblast cells on polyhydroxyoctanoate (PHO): A natural polymer of bacterial origin. Biopolymers 2019; 110:e23324. [PMID: 31348536 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable and biocompatible novel materials of natural origin are gaining more and more attention in recent years. These so called biopolymers, characterized by their biointegrity and biocompatibility, find completely new and promising applications in biomedical sciences. The presented work focuses on the medium chain length elastomeric polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolymer-polyhydroxyoctanoate (PHO). This biopolymer is fully biodegradable without formation of harmful byproducts.We investigated PHO's physical properties with nanoindentation technique and scratch testing to determine Young's modulus and friction coefficient. Further, the work focused on the impact of PHO, used as growth substrate, on the physiology and morphology of mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEF 3T3). Application of fluorescent staining protocols and advanced microscopic techniques allowed to study the morphological changes in the cytoskeletons of cells grown on PHO and also gave an insight into their migration strategies on the polymer surface. We found that PHO exhibits no cellular cytotoxicity, similarly to a glass substrate. MEF cells spread better on glass surface than on each tested PHO substrate though there was almost no difference between PHO substrates cast from different solvents. However, a detailed analysis of actin and microtubule cytoskeletal architecture reveals changes in the density of actin and microtubular networks. Migration of MEF cells on PHO substrates was slower than on the glass substrate. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of observed changes in cytoskeletal architecture and migration parameters can be of special interest for future medical application of PHO polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Witko
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Daria Solarz
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Feliksiak
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Guzik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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