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Chung DD, Chen AC, Choo CH, Zhang W, Williams D, Griffis CG, Bonezzi P, Jatavallabhula K, Sampath AP, Aldave AJ. Investigation of the functional impact of CHED- and FECD4-associated SLC4A11 mutations in human corneal endothelial cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296928. [PMID: 38252645 PMCID: PMC10802951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the solute linked carrier family 4 member 11 (SLC4A11) gene are associated with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) and Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy type 4 (FECD4), both characterized by corneal endothelial cell (CEnC) dysfunction and/or cell loss leading to corneal edema and visual impairment. In this study, we characterize the impact of CHED-/FECD4-associated SLC4A11 mutations on CEnC function and SLC4A11 protein localization by generating and comparing human CEnC (hCEnC) lines expressing wild type SLC4A11 (SLC4A11WT) or mutant SLC4A11 harboring CHED-/FECD4-associated SLC4A11 mutations (SLC4A11MU). SLC4A11WT and SLC4A11MU hCEnC lines were generated to express either SLC4A11 variant 2 (V2WT and V2MU) or variant 3 (V3WT and V3MU), the two major variants expressed in ex vivo hCEnC. Functional assays were performed to assess cell barrier, proliferation, viability, migration, and NH3-induced membrane conductance. We demonstrate SLC4A11-/- and SLC4A11MU hCEnC lines exhibited increased migration rates, altered proliferation and decreased cell viability compared to SLC4A11WT hCEnC. Additionally, SLC4A11-/- hCEnC demonstrated decreased cell-substrate adhesion and membrane capacitances compared to SLC4A11WT hCEnC. Induction with 10mM NH4Cl led SLC4A11WT hCEnC to depolarize; conversely, SLC4A11-/- hCEnC hyperpolarized and the majority of SLC4A11MU hCEnC either hyperpolarized or had minimal membrane potential changes following NH4Cl induction. Immunostaining of primary hCEnC and SLC4A11WT hCEnC lines for SLC4A11 demonstrated predominately plasma membrane staining with poor or partial colocalization with mitochondrial marker COX4 within a subset of punctate subcellular structures. Overall, our findings suggest CHED-associated SLC4A11 mutations likely lead to hCEnC dysfunction, and ultimately CHED, by interfering with cell migration, proliferation, viability, membrane conductance, barrier function, and/or cell surface localization of the SLC4A11 protein in hCEnC. Additionally, based on their similar subcellular localization and exhibiting similar cell functional profiles, protein isoforms encoded by SLC4A11 variant 2 and variant 3 likely have highly overlapping functional roles in hCEnC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doug D. Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Angela C. Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Charlene H. Choo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Wenlin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dominic Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher G. Griffis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Paul Bonezzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kavya Jatavallabhula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alapakkam P. Sampath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Aldave
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Choo CH, Gonzales J, Shantha JG. Anxiety and depression in patients with uveitis: a comprehensive review of observational studies. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2023; 34:543-549. [PMID: 37729665 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000000999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of observational studies evaluating anxiety and depression in patients with uveitis. RECENT FINDINGS A higher prevalence of depression was reported in patients with uveitis compared to healthy controls in most observational studies. Symptoms of anxiety were often, but not always, significantly worse in patients with uveitis compared to controls. Most studies found that patients with uveitis had reduced vision-related quality of life that was associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. SUMMARY Patients with uveitis have a higher risk of experiencing symptoms of depression and could benefit from screening and treatment. Preliminary screening for vision-related quality of life could also help determine if the patient requires assistance in mental health or other aspects of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene H Choo
- F.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Choo CH, de los Bueis AB, Chung DD, Aldave AJ. Confirmation of PRDX3 c.568G>C as the Genetic Basis of Punctiform and Polychromatic Pre-Descemet Corneal Dystrophy. Cornea 2022; 41:779-781. [PMID: 34369396 PMCID: PMC8818053 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to report the results of screening peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) and PDZ domain-containing protein 8 (PDZD8) in a previously unreported pedigree with punctiform and polychromatic pre-Descemet corneal dystrophy (PPPCD) to confirm that the PRDX3 mutation c.568G>C is the genetic basis of PPPCD. METHODS Ophthalmologic examination of the proband and her affected father was performed with slit lamp biomicroscopy. Saliva was collected from the proband as a source of DNA, after which screening for PRDX3 and PDZD8 was performed. RESULTS Slit lamp examination of the proband revealed polychromatic deposits diffusely distributed at the pre-Descemet level in both corneas and anterior subcapsular in the crystalline lens of both eyes. The proband's father also demonstrated diffuse pre-Descemetic polychromatic deposits in both eyes but no lenticular deposits. Screening of PRDX3 in the proband demonstrated the c.568G>C (p.Asp190His) variant previously associated with PPPCD and failed to identify any variants in PDZD8. CONCLUSIONS We report the initial confirmation of PRDX3 as the genetic basis of PPPCD in a previously unreported pedigree and expand the phenotype of PPPCD to include polychromatic lenticular deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene H. Choo
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Doug D. Chung
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anthony J. Aldave
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Choo CH, Chung DD, Ledwitch KV, Kassels A, Meiler J, Aldave AJ. Confirmation of association of TGFBI p.Ser591Phe mutation with variant lattice corneal dystrophy. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:530-533. [PMID: 35315300 PMCID: PMC9463079 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2050766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide the initial confirmation of the c.1772C>T (p.Ser591Phe) mutation in the transforming growth factor-β-induced (TGFBI) gene as being associated with variant lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD). METHODS Ophthalmologic examination of the proband was performed with slit lamp biomicroscopy. Saliva was collected as a source of DNA for screening all 17 exons of TGFBI, after which three family members were selectively screened for variants in exon 13. Rosetta-based structure prediction was used to calculate changes in TGFBI protein (TGFBIp) stability secondary to the c.1772C>T (p.Ser591Phe) missense mutation. RESULTS Slit lamp examination of the 38-year-old proband revealed a clear cornea right eye and unilateral, discrete, and branching lattice lines in the anterior and mid-stroma of the central cornea left eye. Screening of TGFBI in the proband revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in exon 13 (c.1772C>T (p.Ser591Phe)) that was also identified in her affected mother but not in her brother or maternal grandmother. Calculated energy change in Rosetta (ΔΔG) for the TGFBIp variant p.Ser591Phe was 23.5, indicating a thermodynamic destabilization resulting from energetic frustration. CONCLUSIONS The p.Ser591Phe mutation in TGFBI is associated with an unilateral variant of LCD. Rosetta-predicted stability changes indicate that the p.Ser591Phe variant is destabilizing, which is consistent with other observations for LCD-causing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene H Choo
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Doug D Chung
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kaitlyn V Ledwitch
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alexa Kassels
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jens Meiler
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Institute of Drug Discovery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anthony J Aldave
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Choo CH, Tsui I, Homer RJ, Suh SY. Ultrawide Field Imaging of Progressive Retinal Arteriovenous Malformation in a Pediatric Patient with Wyburn-Mason Syndrome. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2022; 53:46-48. [PMID: 34982002 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20211210-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Wyburn-Mason syndrome (WMS) is a rare congenital disease that presents with unilateral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the visual pathway, midbrain, and/or skin. We report a case of a 5-year-old girl with a history of cerebral and orbital AVM who presented with left exotropia and was found to have group 3 retinal AVM consistent with WMS. Here, we use ultrawide field imaging to show the progression of retinal AVM and peripheral nonperfusion areas for a period of 1 year in a pediatric patient with WMS. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2022;53:46-48.].
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Choo CH, Ng WN. Complete Pectoralis Major Tendon Rupture in a Calisthenics Athlete: A Case Report. Malays Orthop J 2021; 15:124-127. [PMID: 33880159 PMCID: PMC8043640 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2103.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a rare case of pectoralis major rupture during a body weight calisthenics exercise that was treated surgically. We highlighted the rehabilitation protocol which enabled him to regain full strength and return to his sport in three months.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Choo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W N Ng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sunway Medical Centre, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Lee HS, Tan CH, Khoo YM, Chee KT, Wong KE, Chong SA, Mahendran R, Yap JL, Low BL, Choo CH, Chan A. Serum concentrations and clinical effects of risperidone in schizophrenic patients in Singapore--a preliminary report. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 47:460-1. [PMID: 10366241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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Chong SA, Yap HL, Low BL, Choo CH, Chan AO, Wong KE, Mahendran R, Chee KT. Clinical evaluation of risperidone in Asian patients with schizophrenia in Singapore. Singapore Med J 1999; 40:41-3. [PMID: 10361485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of risperidone in a group of Asian patients with schizophrenia in an 8-week open-label, prospective study. METHODS Patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia were recruited from Woodbridge Hospital. After a washout period, they were started on a 56-day trial of risperidone. Outcome was assessed with the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), the clinical global impression scale (CGI) and the extrapyramidal symptom rating scale (ESRS). RESULTS The mean daily risperidone dose at end point was 5.6 mg (range, 3 to 8 md/day). Mean PANSS scores were reduced significantly from 78 +/- 15.1 at baseline to 56.6 +/- 10.9 at end point. Seventeen patients (85%) who were treatment responders, showed at least a 20% reduction in total PANSS scores at end point while nine patients (45%) had a greater than 50% reduction in the total PANSS scores. According to the CGI scale, 85% improved at end point. The severity of extrapyramidal symptoms (mean ESRS scores) were significantly lower at end point than at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Risperidone was effective in the treatment of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Chong
- Institute of Mental Health, Woodbridge Hospital, Singapore
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Wong KE, Chong SA, Ngui F, Winslow M, Devan GS, Leong OK, Choo CH. Initial experience with clozapine in Woodbridge Hospital. Singapore Med J 1997; 38:336-8. [PMID: 9364887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and side-effect profile of the atypical neuroleptic clozapine in local Asian patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. METHOD Patients were treated with 12 weeks of clozapine after undergoing a washout of all previous neuroleptics. They were assessed weekly on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and the Simpson-Angus Scale for Extrapyramidal Side-Effects. RESULTS Clinical improvement (according to criteria established a priori) at study end point was shown in 78.9% of the patients. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of the extrapyramidal side-effects at starting and end points. The mean daily dosage was 356.6 mg. The most common adverse effect was hypersalivation. CONCLUSION Clozapine is effective and well tolerated in local patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Wong
- Institute of Mental Health/Woodbridge Hospital, Singapore
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Choo CH. Profile of patients seeking psychiatric treatment from the adult public mental health services in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singap 1997; 26:443-8. [PMID: 9395807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the characteristics of patients seeking help from public mental health services and changes in the utilisation of the services over time. The sample included 198 consecutive new referrals above the age of 15 years to the adult psychiatric services provided by Woodbridge Hospital and the Institute of Mental Health from 1 January 1995 and followed up over a one-year period. The most common reason for seeking psychiatric treatment was for abnormal behaviour (26%) and the most common diagnostic group was schizophrenia/paranoid disorder (21.1%). The medical sector was the most common source of referral (56%). The primary health care services referred significantly more patients with anxiety disorders while the police and relatives/friends referred significantly more patients with schizophrenia/paranoid disorder. About one-third of the sample made their first contact with the services at the 24-hour Admission Room. One third received inpatient treatment after their first consultation and those with schizophrenia/paranoid disorders were more likely to be admitted (P < 0.05). At the end of one year, 23.2% remained in the services. There were significantly more elderly patients and those suffering from schizophrenia/paranoid disorder maintaining contact with the services after one year.
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Sinniah M, Halimah M, Krishnamurthy T, Lye MS, Choo CH, Shamsiah I. Immunogenicity of a plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine in children and adults. Med J Malaysia 1994; 49:336-40. [PMID: 7674968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Immunisation of health care workers and staff working in laboratory and hospital settings has been implemented since 1988. However due to the high cost of currently available HBV vaccine, many health personnel outside the Ministry of Health are not being immunised. This study sought to determine the immunogenicity of three doses of a low cost plasma-derived Korean HBV vaccine on employees of an institute for mentally handicapped and their spouses and children. We found that the Hepatitis B Vaccine-KGCC to be safe and immunogenic. The response to 10 mcg and 20 mcg Hepatitis B Vaccine-KGCC after third dose was good with 100% seroconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sinniah
- Virology Division, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur
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Choi O, Choo CH, Cho SC. The studies on the residual accommodation of Koreans. II. The residual accommodation under 0.5 percent scopolamine and 1 percent cyclogyl cycloplegia. Yonsei Med J 1964; 5:62-4. [PMID: 5825929 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.1964.5.1.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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