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Sun D, Li X, Xu S, Cao S, Quan Y, Cui S, Xu D. Dazhu Hongjingtian injection attenuated alcohol-induced depressive symptoms by inhibiting hippocampus oxidative stress and inflammation through Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118564. [PMID: 38996946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alcoholic depression, a disorder of the central nervous system, is characterized by alcohol abuse, which causes blood-brain barrier disruption and oxidative damage in the brain. The rhizome of Rhodiola crenulate, from which Dazhu Hongjingtian Injection (DZHJTI) is derived, has been traditionally employed in ethnopharmacology to treat neurological disorders due to its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the exact mechanism by which DZHJTI alleviates alcoholic depression remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effects of DZHJTI and its underlying mechanisms in a mouse model of alcohol-induced depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS A model of alcoholic depression was established using C57BL/6J mice, and the effects of DZHJTI on depression-like behaviors induced by alcohol exposure were assessed through behavioral experiments. Histopathological examination was conducted to observe nerve cell damage and microglial activation in the hippocampal region. Oxidative stress indices in the hippocampus, inflammatory factors, and serum levels of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured using ELISA. Expression of proteins related to the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling pathway was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS DZHJTI attenuated depression-like behaviors, neuronal cell damage, oxidative stress levels, inflammatory responses, and microglial activation. It also restored levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, brain myelin basic protein, DA, and 5-HT in mice with chronic alcohol exposure. After DZHJTI treatment, the expressions of Nuclear Respiratory Factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increased in the hippocampus, whereas the levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD, cleaved caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 decreased. CONCLUSIONS DZHJTI ameliorates alcohol-induced depressive symptoms in mice through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, involving mechanisms associated with the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling pathway. This study highlights the potential of DZHJTI as a therapeutic option for alcohol-related depression and suggests the scope for future research to further elucidate its mechanisms and broader clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingchun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xiangdan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Songji Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Shuxia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yingshi Quan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Songbiao Cui
- Department of Neurology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China.
| | - Dongyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.
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Soroudi S, Mousavi G, Jafari F, Elyasi S. Prevention of colistin-induced neurotoxicity: a narrative review of preclinical data. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3709-3727. [PMID: 38091077 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Polymyxin E or colistin is an effective antibiotic against MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Due to unwanted side effects, the use of this antibiotic has been limited for a long time, but in recent years, the widespread of MDR Gram-negative bacteria infections has led to its reintroduction. Neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are the significant dose-limiting adverse effects of colistin. Several agents with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties have been used for the prevention of colistin-induced neurotoxicity. This study aims to review the preclinical studies in this field to prepare guidance for future human studies. The data was achieved by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. All eligible pre-clinical studies performed on neuroprotective agents against colistin-induced neurotoxicity, which were published up to September 2023, were included. Finally, 16 studies (ten in vitro and eight in vivo) are reviewed. Apoptosis (in 13 studies), inflammatory (in four studies), and oxidative stress (in 14 studies) pathways are the most commonly reported pathways involved in colistin-induced neurotoxicity. The assessed compounds include non-herbal (e.g., ascorbic acid, rapamycin, and minocycline) and herbal (e.g., curcumin, rutin, baicalein, salidroside, and ginsenoside) agents. Besides these compounds, some other measures like transplantation of mitochondria and the use of nerve growth factor and mesenchymal stem cells could be motivating subjects for future research. Based on the data from experimental (in vitro and animal) studies, a combination of colistin with neuroprotective agents could prevent or decrease colistin-induced neurotoxicity. However, well-designed randomized clinical trials and human studies are essential for demonstrating efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Soroudi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Mashhad, 91775-1365, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mousavi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Mashhad, 91775-1365, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jafari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Mashhad, 91775-1365, Iran
| | - Sepideh Elyasi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Mashhad, 91775-1365, Iran.
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Xu W, Yang T, Zhang J, Li H, Guo M. Rhodiola rosea: a review in the context of PPPM approach. EPMA J 2024; 15:233-259. [PMID: 38841616 PMCID: PMC11147995 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
A natural "medicine and food" plant, Rhodiola rosea (RR) is primarily made up of organic acids, phenolic compounds, sterols, glycosides, vitamins, lipids, proteins, amino acids, trace elements, and other physiologically active substances. In vitro, non-clinical and clinical studies confirmed that it exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune regulatory effects, balances the gut microbiota, and alleviates vascular circulatory disorders. RR can prolong life and has great application potential in preventing and treating suboptimal health, non-communicable diseases, and COVID-19. This narrative review discusses the effects of RR in preventing organ damage (such as the liver, lung, heart, brain, kidneys, intestines, and blood vessels) in non-communicable diseases from the perspective of predictive, preventive, and personalised medicine (PPPM/3PM). In conclusion, as an adaptogen, RR can provide personalised health strategies to improve the quality of life and overall health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Xu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Jinyuan Zhang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Heguo Li
- Department of Spleen, Stomach, Liver and Gallbladder, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Spleen, Stomach, Liver and Gallbladder, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhu T, Liu H, Gao S, Jiang N, Chen S, Xie W. Effect of salidroside on neuroprotection and psychiatric sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115999. [PMID: 38091637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the mental health of individuals worldwide, and the risk of psychiatric sequelae and consequent mental disorders has increased among the general population, health care workers and patients with COVID-19. Achieving effective and widespread prevention of pandemic-related psychiatric sequelae to protect the mental health of the global population is a serious challenge. Salidroside, as a natural agent, has substantial pharmacological activity and health effects, exerts obvious neuroprotective effects, and may be effective in preventing and treating psychiatric sequelae and mental disorders resulting from stress stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we systematically summarise, analyse and discuss the therapeutic effects of salidroside in the prevention and treatment of psychiatric sequelae as well as its roles in preventing the progression of mental disorders, and fully clarify the potential of salidroside as a widely applicable agent for preventing mental disorders caused by stress; the mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside are involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neural regeneration and cell apoptosis in the brain, the network homeostasis of neurotransmission, HPA axis and cholinergic system, and the improvement of synaptic plasticity. Notably, this review innovatively proposes that salidroside is a potential agent for treating stress-induced health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and provides scientific evidence and a theoretical basis for the use of natural products to combat the current mental health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiman Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Donghu Road No. 115, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Weijie Xie
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200122, China.
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Esmaealzadeh N, Iranpanah A, Sarris J, Rahimi R. A literature review of the studies concerning selected plant-derived adaptogens and their general function in body with a focus on animal studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154354. [PMID: 35932607 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptogens are generally referred to the substances, mostly found in plants, which non-specifically increase resilience and chances of survival by activation of signaling pathways in affected cells. PURPOSE This literature review was conducted to summarize the investigation, until March 2021, on selected adaptogenic plants and plant-derived substances. STUDY DESIGN Electronic databases were searched (up to March 2021) for in vitro and animal studies, as well as clinical trials. Moreover, all modes of action connected with the adaptogenic effects of plants and phytochemicals were collected. METHODS The search of relevant studies was performed within electronic databases including Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and Cochrane library. The most important keywords were adaptogen, plant, phytochemical, and plant-derived. RESULTS The most investigated medicinal herbs for their adaptogenic activity are Eleutherococcus senticosus, Panax ginseng, Withania somnifera, Schisandra chinensis, and Rhodiola spp., salidroside, ginsenosides, andrographolide, methyl jasmonate, cucurbitacin R, dichotosin, and dichotosininare are phytochemicals that have shown a considerable adaptogenic activity. Phytochemicals that have been demonstrated adaptogenic properties mainly belong to flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenylpropanoid glycosides. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the main modes of action of the selected adaptogenic plants are stress modulatory, antioxidant, anti-fatigue, and physical endurance enhancement. Other properties were nootropic, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular, and radioprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Esmaealzadeh
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1417653761, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Kermanshah USERN Office, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jerome Sarris
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health & The Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1417653761, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Chai Y, Cai Y, Fu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhu L, Miao M, Yan T. Salidroside Ameliorates Depression by Suppressing NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis via P2X7/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:812362. [PMID: 35496273 PMCID: PMC9039222 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.812362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common and serious mental disorder. Data on its pathogenesis remain unclear and the options of drug treatments are limited. Here, we explored the role of pyroptosis, a novel pro-inflammatory programmed cell death process, in depression as well as the anti-depression effects and mechanisms of salidroside (Sal), a bioactive extract from Rhodiola rosea L. We established a corticosterone (CORT)-induced or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice in vivo, and CORT, or nigericin (NLRP3 agonist)-induced PC12 cells in vitro. Our findings demonstrated that Sal profoundly mediated CORT or LPS-induced depressive behavior and improved synaptic plasticity by upregulating the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. The data showed upregulation of proteins associated with NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis, including NLRP3, cleaved Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, and cleaved GSDMD. The molecular docking simulation predicted that Sal would interact with P2X7 of the P2X7/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. In addition, our findings showed that the NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis was regulated by P2X7/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Interestingly, Sal was shown to ameliorate depression via suppression of the P2X7/NF-κB/NLRP3 mediated pyroptosis, and rescued nigericin-induced pyroptosis in the PC12 cells. Besides, knock down of the NLRP3 gene by siRNA markedly increased the inhibitory effects of Sal on pyroptosis and proinflammatory responses. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that pyroptosis plays a crucial role in depression, and Sal ameliorates depression by suppressing the P2X7/NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. Thus, our study provides new insights into the potential treatment options for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Chai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yawen Cai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingdi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingpeng Zhu
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Lingpeng Zhu, ; Mingxing Miao, ; Tianhua Yan,
| | - Mingxing Miao
- Center of National Pharmaceutical Experimental Teaching Demonstration, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lingpeng Zhu, ; Mingxing Miao, ; Tianhua Yan,
| | - Tianhua Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutic University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lingpeng Zhu, ; Mingxing Miao, ; Tianhua Yan,
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Salidroside-pretreated mesenchymal stem cells contribute to neuroprotection in cerebral ischemic injury in vitro and in vivo. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:1145-1154. [PMID: 34570327 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a promising tool for treating cerebral ischemic injury. However, their poor survival after transplantation limits their therapeutic effect and applications. Salidroside has been reported to exert potent cytoprotective and neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate whether salidroside could improve MSC survival under hypoxic-ischemic conditions and, subsequently, alleviate cerebral ischemic injury in a rat model. MSCs were pretreated by salidroside under hypoxic-ischemic conditions. The cell proliferation, migratory capacity, and apoptosis were evaluated by means of Cell Counting Kit-8, transwell assay, and flow cytometry. MSCs pretreated with salidroside were transplanted into the rats subsequent to middle cerebral artery occlusion. The grip strength, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to analyze the therapeutic efficiency and pathological changes. The mature neuron marker NeuN and astrocyte marker GFAP in the focal area were detected by immunofluorescence. These results indicated that salidroside promoted the proliferation, migration and reduced apoptosis of MSCs under hypoxic-ischemic conditions. In vivo experiments revealed that transplantation of salidroside-pretreated MSCs strengthened the therapeutic efficiency by enhancing neurogenesis and inhibiting neuroinflammation in the hippocampal CA1 area after ischemia. Our results suggest that pretreatment with salidroside could be an effective strategy to enhance the cell survival rate and the therapeutic effect of MSCs in treating cerebral ischemic injury.
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Leng YR, Zhang MH, Luo JG, Zhang H. Pathogenesis of NASH and Promising Natural Products. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:12-27. [PMID: 33516448 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common clinical condition that can lead to advanced liver diseases. The mechanism of the diaease progression, which is lacking effective therapy, remains obsure. Therefore, there is a need to understand the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for disease development and progression in order to develop innovative therapies. To accomplish this goal, experimental animal models that recapitulate the human disease are necessary. Currently, an increasing number of studies have focused on natural constituents from medicinal plants which have been emerged as a new hope for NASH. This review summarized the pathogenesis of NASH, animal models commonly used, and the promising targets for therapeutics. We also reviewed the natural constituents as potential NASH therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Rong Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mei-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian-Guang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Hollá V, Hill R, Antošová M, Polakovič M. Design of immobilized biocatalyst and optimal conditions for tyrosol β-galactoside production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:93-101. [PMID: 32816074 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosol β-galactoside (TG) is a phenylethanoid glycoside with proven neuroprotective properties. This work deals with its biocatalytic production from tyrosol and lactose using Aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase in immobilized form. Six commercial carriers were examined to find the optimal biocatalyst. Besides standard biocatalyst performance characteristics, adsorption of the hydrophobic substrate on immobilization carrier matrices was also investigated. The adsorption of tyrosol was significant, but it did not have adverse effects on TG production. On the contrary, TG yield was improved for some biocatalysts. A biocatalyst prepared by covalent binding of β-galactosidase on an epoxy-activated carrier was used for detailed investigation of the effect of reaction conditions on glycoside production. Temperature had a surprisingly weak effect on the overall process rate. A lactose concentration of 0.83 M was found to be optimal to enhance TG formation. The impact of tyrosol concentration was rather complex. This substrate caused inhibition of all reactions. Its concentration had a strong effect on the hydrolysis of lactose and all products. Higher tyrosol concentrations, 30-40 g/L, were favorable as pseudo-equilibrium concentrations of TG and galactooligosaccharide were reached. Repeated batch results revealed excellent operational stability of the biocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hollá
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rhiannon Hill
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Antošová
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milan Polakovič
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Li T, Wang W. Salidroside shows anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects by activating the Nrf2-ARE pathway in a pentylenetetrazol-kindling epileptic model. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:14-20. [PMID: 32800786 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence points towards oxidative stress and neuroinflammation being major processes associated with brain dysfunction in epilepsy. Salidroside reportedly possesses anti-oxidative activity and neuroprotective potential, in addition to exerting an anti-neuroinflammatory response. This study was designed to evaluate the anticonvulsant and neuroprotective role of salidroside in rats with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling and to explore the underlying mechanism. Male Wistar rats were administered a sub-convulsive dose of PTZ (35 mg/kg) every other day for 15 injections, and salidroside (50 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally along with alternate-day PTZ. The seizure degree, cognitive function, and number of hippocampal neurons were investigated. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor- antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) signaling pathways, oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory cytokines were also observed. Our study showed that salidroside treatment suppressed the kindling acquisition process, ameliorated cognitive impairment, and rescued the number of pyramidal neurons in the CA3 regions. Salidroside treatment could activate the Nrf2-ARE signal pathway, and suppressed oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Our findings demonstrated that salidroside exerted anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects in epileptic rats by activating the Nrf2-ARE signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Wu
- Health management department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace Clinical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yarui Wu
- Health management department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace Clinical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Inovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Inovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Taxonomic Distribution of Medicinal Plants for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Cue to Novel Drugs. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7603015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder manifested by decline in memory and mild cognitive impairment leading to dementia. Despite global occurrence of AD, the severity and hence onset of dementia vary among different regions, which was correlated with the customary use of medicinal herbs and exposure level to the causatives. In spite of execution of versatile therapeutic strategies to combat AD and other neurodegenerative diseases, success is only limited to symptomatic treatment. The role of natural remedies remained primitive and irreplaceable in all ages. In some examples, the extracted drugs failed to show comparable results due to lack of micro ingredients. Micro ingredients impart a peerless value to natural remedies which are difficult to isolate and/or determine their precise role during treatment. A variety of plants have been used for memory enhancement and other dementia-related complications since ages. Acetyl choline esterase inhibition, antioxidant potential, neuroprotection, mitochondrial energy restoration, and/or precipitated protein clearance put a vast taxonomic variety into a single group of anti-AD plants. Secondary metabolites derived from these medicinal plants have the potential to treat AD and other brain diseases of common pathology. This review summarizes the potential of taxonomically diverse medicinal plants in the treatment of AD serving as a guide to further exploration.
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Limanaqi F, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Polzella M, Fabrizi C, Fornai F. Potential Antidepressant Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis, Hericium erinaceus and Rhodiola rosea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030234. [PMID: 32178272 PMCID: PMC7139475 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies focused on the pharmacology and feasibility of herbal compounds as a potential strategy to target a variety of human diseases ranging from metabolic to brain disorders. Accordingly, bioactive ingredients which are found within a variety of herbal compounds are reported to produce both neuroprotective and psychotropic activities which may help to combat mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances and cognitive alterations. In the present manuscript, we focus on three herbs which appear effective in mitigating anxiety or depression with favourable risk-benefit profiles, namely Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis), Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus) and Rhodiola rosea (R. rosea). These three traditional folk medicinal herbs target the main biochemical events that are implicated in mental disorders, mimicking, to some extent, the mechanisms of action of conventional antidepressants and mood stabilizers with a wide margin of tolerability. In detail, they rescue alterations in neurotransmitter and neuro-endocrine systems, stimulate neurogenesis and the synthesis of neurotrophic factors, and they counteract oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Albeit the encouraging results that emerge from both experimental and clinical evidence, further studies are needed to confirm and better understand the mental-health promoting, and specifically, the antidepressant effects of these herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Carla Letizia Busceti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Maico Polzella
- Aliveda Laboratories, Viale Karol Wojtyla, 19, 56042 Lorenzana, (PI), Italy;
| | - Cinzia Fabrizi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161, Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy;
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Neuroprotective Effects of Salidroside in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:1133-1142. [PMID: 32002777 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia worldwide, is characterized by pathological hallmarks like β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and clinical manifestations including cognitive impairment, psychiatry disorders, and behavioral changes. Salidroside (Sal) extracted from Rhodiola rosea L. showed protective effects against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in a Drosophila AD model in our previous research. In the present study, daily doses of Sal were administered to APP/PS1 mice, a mouse model of AD, and several parameters were tested, including behavioral performance, Aβ status, levels of synapse-related proteins, and levels of PI3K/Akt targets of mTOR cell signaling pathway proteins. The behavioral testing showed an improvement in locomotor activity in the APP/PS1 mice after the administration of Sal. Treatment with Sal decreased both the soluble and insoluble Aβ levels and increased the expression of PSD95, NMDAR1, and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. The phosphatidylinositide PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling was upregulated, which was in accordance with the above improvements from Sal treatment. Our findings suggested that Sal may protect the damaged synapses of the neurons in the APP/PS1 mice.
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Li H, Xi Y, Xin X, Tian H, Hu Y. Salidroside improves high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating the gut microbiota-bile acid-farnesoid X receptor axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109915. [PMID: 31986416 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies found that salidroside can effectively treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we discuss the mechanism of salidroside in the treatment of NASH with a focus on the gut microbiota-bile acid-farnesoid X receptor axis. METHODS A NASH mouse model was created by providing mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. Mice were randomly divided into the HFD group, HFD + salidroside treatment group, and HFD + obeticholic acid treatment group (n = 8 in each group) and were intragastrically administered corresponding drugs for 4 weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to evaluate the histopathological changes associated with the various treatments. In addition, liver triglyceride (TG) content, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, serum inflammatory factors, gut microbiota diversity, and the bile acid profile were evaluated. Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed to detect the expressions of FXR and fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15). RESULTS The HFD group displayed obvious signs of hepatic steatosis. The liver TG, serum ALT, and IL-1a, IL-12, MCP-1, KC, MIP-1a, and MIP-1β were significantly higher in the HFD group than the control group (P < 0.01). Intestinal bacteria and bile acid profiles changed significantly in the HFD group (P < 0.05). Further, the expressions of FXR and FGF15 decreased significantly in the HFD group (P < 0.05). After treatment with salidroside, liver steatosis, TG content, and serum inflammatory factors significantly improved and HFD-induced intestinal bacteria, bile acid disorder, and FXR deficiency were significantly alleviated (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Salidroside can improve NASH via the gut microbiota-bile acid-FXR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshan Li
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Liver Disease Department, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
| | - Yingfei Xi
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huajie Tian
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Guinobert I, Bardot V, Dubourdeaux M. De la plante aux effets biologiques de l’extrait : quand la démarche scientifique éclaire les usages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3166/phyto-2019-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
L’intérêt porté aux plantes médicinales a considérablement été renouvelé ces dernières années. Cependant, les données fiables sur les extraits de plantes commercialisés sont souvent inexistantes. Une partie du savoir-faire industriel du groupe PiLeJe est axé sur la production d’extraits de plantes dont le profil phytochimique est proche de celui dutotum. Le laboratoire s’efforce d’apporter des preuves scientifiques sur la qualité, l’usage et l’intérêt des extraits de plantes produits. Cela nécessite de recourir à des procédés industriels adaptés, permettant d’extraire et de restituer intacte la majorité des composants de la plante et d’améliorer de façon continue la filière et la production des extraits. De nombreux efforts sont également fournis pour standardiser et caractériser chaque extrait de plante produit et associer au profil phytochimique établi des propriétés et des effets biologiques.
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Zhuang W, Yue L, Dang X, Chen F, Gong Y, Lin X, Luo Y. Rosenroot ( Rhodiola): Potential Applications in Aging-related Diseases. Aging Dis 2019; 10:134-146. [PMID: 30705774 PMCID: PMC6345333 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a progressive accumulation of changes in the body, which increases the susceptibility to diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, Chinese medicinal herbs have been investigated for their therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of some aging-related diseases. Rhodiola, known as 'Hongjingtian' in Chinese, has been reported to have anti-aging activity. Here, we provide a comprehensive review about its origin, chemical constituents, and effects on aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lifeng Yue
- 2Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaofang Dang
- 3Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of T.C.M.S Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Fei Chen
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuewen Gong
- 4College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 0T5, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- 5Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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Onaolapo AY, Obelawo AY, Onaolapo OJ. Brain Ageing, Cognition and Diet: A Review of the Emerging Roles of Food-Based Nootropics in Mitigating Age-related Memory Decline. Curr Aging Sci 2019; 12:2-14. [PMID: 30864515 PMCID: PMC6971896 DOI: 10.2174/1874609812666190311160754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related cognitive decline has been suggested to result from an increase in the brain neuron loss, which is attributable to continued derangement of the brain's oxidant/ antioxidant balance. Increased oxidative stress and a concomitant decrease in the brain's antioxidant defense system have been associated with functional senescence and organismal ageing. However, nature has configured certain foods to be rich sources of nootropic agents, with research showing that increased consumption of such foods or food ingredients may be protective against ageing-related memory decline. This knowledge is becoming increasingly valuable in an era when the boundary that separates food from medicine is becoming blurred. In this review, we examine extant literature dealing with the impact of ageing on brain structure and function, with an emphasis on the roles of oxidative stress. Secondly, we review the benefits of food-based antioxidants with nootropic effects and/or food-based nootropic agents in mitigating memory decline; with a view to improving our understanding of likely mechanisms. We also highlight some of the limitations to the use of food-based nootropics and suggest ways in which they can be better employed in the clinical management of age-related cognitive decline. CONCLUSION While it is known that the human brain endures diverse insults in the process of ageing, food-based nootropics are likely to go a long way in mitigating the impacts of these insults. Further research is needed before we reach a point where food-based nootropics are routinely prescribed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olakunle James Onaolapo
- Address correspondence to this author at the Behavioural Neuroscience/Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke
Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria;
Tel: 2347031986101; E-mail:
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Concerto C, Infortuna C, Muscatello MRA, Bruno A, Zoccali R, Chusid E, Aguglia E, Battaglia F. Exploring the effect of adaptogenic Rhodiola Rosea extract on neuroplasticity in humans. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:141-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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20
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Costa L, Sardone LM, Bonaccorso CM, D'Antoni S, Spatuzza M, Gulisano W, Tropea MR, Puzzo D, Leopoldo M, Lacivita E, Catania MV, Ciranna L. Activation of Serotonin 5-HT 7 Receptors Modulates Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity by Stimulation of Adenylate Cyclases and Rescues Learning and Behavior in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:353. [PMID: 30333723 PMCID: PMC6176069 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that activation of serotonin 5-HT7 receptors (5-HT7R) reverses metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated long term depression (mGluR-LTD) in the hippocampus of wild-type (WT) and Fmr1 Knockout (KO) mice, a model of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) in which mGluR-LTD is abnormally enhanced. Here, we have investigated intracellular mechanisms underlying the effect of 5-HT7R activation using patch clamp on hippocampal slices. Furthermore, we have tested whether in vivo administration of LP-211, a selective 5-HT7R agonist, can rescue learning and behavior in Fmr1 KO mice. In the presence of an adenylate cyclase blocker, mGluR-LTD was slightly enhanced in WT and therefore the difference between mGluR-LTD in WT and Fmr1 KO slices was no longer present. Conversely, activation of adenylate cyclase by either forskolin or Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) completely reversed mGluR-LTD in WT and Fmr1 KO. 5-HT7R activation reversed mGluR-LTD in WT and corrected exaggerated mGluR-LTD in Fmr1 KO; this effect was abolished by blockade of either adenylate cyclase or protein kinase A (PKA). Exposure of hippocampal slices to LP-211 caused an increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), an intracellular effector involved in mGluR-LTD, in WT mice. Conversely, this effect was barely detectable in Fmr1 KO mice, suggesting that 5-HT7R-mediated reversal of mGluR-LTD does not require ERK stimulation. Finally, an acute in vivo administration of LP-211 improved novel object recognition (NOR) performance in WT and Fmr1 KO mice and reduced stereotyped behavior in Fmr1 KO mice. Our results indicate that mGluR-LTD in WT and Fmr1 KO slices is bidirectionally modulated in conditions of either reduced or enhanced cAMP formation. Activation of 5-HT7 receptors reverses mGluR-LTD by activation of the cAMP/PKA intracellular pathway. Importantly, a systemic administration of a 5-HT7R agonist to Fmr1 KO mice corrected learning deficits and repetitive behavior. We suggest that selective 5-HT7R agonists might become novel pharmacological tools for FXS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Lara Maria Sardone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Simona D'Antoni
- Institute of Neurological Sciences (ISN), National Research Council (CNR), Catania, Italy
| | | | - Walter Gulisano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Tropea
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Puzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Vincenza Catania
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.,Institute of Neurological Sciences (ISN), National Research Council (CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Ciranna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Zhong Z, Han J, Zhang J, Xiao Q, Hu J, Chen L. Pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action, and safety of salidroside in the central nervous system. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:1479-1489. [PMID: 29872270 PMCID: PMC5973445 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s160776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this review article was to summarize comprehensive information related to the neuropharmacological activity, mechanisms of action, toxicity, and safety of salidroside in medicine. A number of studies have revealed that salidroside exhibits neuroprotective activities, including anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-Parkinson's disease, anti-Huntington's disease, anti-stroke, anti-depressive effects, and anti-traumatic brain injury; it is also useful for improving cognitive function, treating addiction, and preventing epilepsy. The mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside involvement are the regulation of oxidative stress response, inflammation, apoptosis, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurotransmission, neural regeneration, and the cholinergic system. Being free of side effects makes salidroside potentially attractive as a candidate drug for the treatment of neurological disorders. It is evident from the available published literature that salidroside has potential use as a beneficial therapeutic medicine with high efficacy and low toxicity to the central nervous system. However, the definite target protein molecules remain unclear, and clinical trials regarding this are currently insufficient; thus, guidance for further research on the molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of salidroside is urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Han
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidian Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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Feng J, Niu P, Chen K, Wu L, Liu T, Xu S, Li J, Li S, Wang W, Lu X, Yu Q, Liu N, Xu L, Wang F, Dai W, Xia Y, Fan X, Guo C. Salidroside mediates apoptosis and autophagy inhibition in concanavalin A-induced liver injury. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4599-4614. [PMID: 29805476 PMCID: PMC5958679 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salidroside (Sal) is a glycoside extract from Rhodiola rosea L. with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer and cardioprotective properties. The present study explored the protective effects and the possible mechanisms of Sal on concanavalin A (ConA)-induced liver injury in mice. Balb/C mice were divided into five groups: Normal control (injected with normal saline), ConA (25 mg/kg), Sal (10 mg/kg) +ConA, Sal (20 mg/kg) + ConA (Sal injected 2 h prior to ConA injection) and Sal (20 mg/kg) only. The serum levels of liver enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis- and autophagy-associated marker proteins were determined at 2, 8 and 24 h after ConA injection. LY294002 was further used to verify whether the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway was activated. Primary hepatocytes were isolated to verify the effect of Sal in vitro. The results indicated that Sal was a safe agent to reduce pathological damage and serum liver enzymes in ConA-induced liver injury. Sal suppressed inflammatory reactions in serum and liver tissues, and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy in vivo and in vitro, which could be reversed by LY294002. In conclusion, Sal attenuated ConA-induced liver injury by modulating PI3K/Akt pathway-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Peiqin Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Chongming Branch, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 202157, P.R. China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Shizan Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xiya Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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Influence of salidroside, a neuroactive compound of Rhodiola rosea L., on alcohol tolerance development in rats. HERBA POLONICA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2018-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: In recent years, the search for potential neuroprotective properties of salidroside and its ability to influence the activity of nervous system become the subject of intense studies of many research groups. None of these studies, however, include an attempt to determine the effect of salidroside on the course of alcohol tolerance in vivo.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of salidroside to inhibit the development of alcohol tolerance in rats, determining whether the effect of its action may occur in a dose-dependent manner, reducing both metabolic and central tolerance without affecting body temperature in control rats.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were injected daily with ethanol at a dose of 3 g/kg for 9 consecutive days to produce ethanol tolerance. Salidroside in two doses (4.5 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg b.w.) or vehiculum was administered orally. On the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 8th day a hypothermic effect of ethanol was measured, while the loss of righting reflex procedure was performed on the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 7th day. On the 9th day rats were treated with salidroside, sacrificed 1 h after ethanol injections and blood was collected for blood-ethanol concentration measurement.
Results: Salidroside at a dose of 45 mg/kg inhibited the development of tolerance to hypothermic and sedative effects of ethanol, whereas insignificant elevation of blood-ethanol concentration was observed. The dose of 4.5 mg/kg b.w. had minimal effect, only small inhibition of tolerance to hypothermic action was observed. Salidroside affected neither body mass growth nor body temperature in non-alcoholic (control) rats.
Conclusions: Results of the study indicate that salidroside at a dose of 45 mg/kg inhibited the development of tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol. Observed inhibition of tolerance to the sedative effect of ethanol seems to be associated with salidroside influence on the central nervous system. A comprehensive explanation of the abovementioned observations requires further pharmacological and pharmacodynamic studies.
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Chen Z, Ning F, He X, Peng H, Xiong H. Controlled Release of Salidroside Microspheres Prepared Using a Chitosan and Methylcellulose Interpenetrating Polymer Network. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2017-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this work, salidroside, a functional food agent, was incorporated into novel interpenetrating polymer network microspheres (IPN-Ms) prepared by chitosan (CS) and methylcellulose (MC) for controlled release and stabilization. IPN-Ms were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The result indicated that salidroside-loaded IPN-Ms (S-IPN-Ms) are hollow and highly spherical, with a coarse pleated surface and a particle size ranging from 5 to 30 µm. Schiff base formation and the hemiacetal reaction are the primary mechanisms underlying the interpenetrating network cross-linking of IPN-Ms. In S-IPN-Ms, the CS and MC were homogeneously blended, and the salidroside was molecularly and amorphously dispersed. The encapsulation efficiency of the salidroside within the S-IPN-Ms was up to 75.64 %. In the S-IPN-M complex, the release of salidroside by S-IPN-Ms was governed by burst and sustained release, and Fickian diffusion was the primary release mechanism for the entire release process. Thus, controlled release and stabilization of salidroside were achieved through incorporation of salidroside into IPN-Ms prepared by chitosan (CS) and methylcellulose.
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Golden root: A wholesome treat of immunity. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:496-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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