1
|
Asadi MR, Gharesouran J, Sabaie H, Zaboli Mahdiabadi M, Mazhari SA, Sharifi-Bonab M, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Taheri M, Sayad A, Rezazadeh M. Neurotrophin growth factors and their receptors as promising blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: a gene expression analysis study. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:49. [PMID: 38165481 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurological ailment affecting more than 50 million individuals globally, distinguished by a deterioration in memory and cognitive abilities. Investigating neurotrophin growth factors could offer significant contributions to understanding AD progression and prospective therapeutic interventions. METHODS AND RESULTS The present investigation collected blood samples from 50 patients diagnosed with AD and 50 healthy individuals serving as controls. The mRNA expression levels of neurotrophin growth factors and their receptors were measured using quantitative PCR. A Bayesian regression model was used in the research to assess the relationship between gene expression levels and demographic characteristics such as age and gender. The correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficients, and the diagnostic potential was assessed using a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. NTRK2, TrkA, TrkC, and BDNF expression levels were found to be considerably lower (p-value < 0.05) in the blood samples of AD patients compared to the control group. The expression of BDNF exhibited the most substantial decrease in comparison to other neurotrophin growth factors. Correlation analysis indicates a statistically significant positive association between the genes. The ROC analysis showed that BDNF exhibited the greatest Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.76, accompanied by a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 66%. TrkC, TrkA, and NTRK2 demonstrated considerable diagnostic potential in distinguishing between cases and controls. CONCLUSION The observed decrease in the expression levels of NTRK2, TrkA, TrkC, and BDNF in AD patients, along with the identified associations between specific genes and their diagnostic capacity, indicate that these expressions have the potential to function as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Asadi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hani Sabaie
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mirmohsen Sharifi-Bonab
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Nerve Growth Factor Receptor (NGFR/p75 NTR): A Major Player in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043200. [PMID: 36834612 PMCID: PMC9965628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most prevalent type of dementia in elderly people, primarily characterized by brain accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, derived from Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), in the extracellular space (amyloid plaques) and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated form of the protein tau (p-tau; tangles or neurofibrillary aggregates). The Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR/p75NTR) represents a low-affinity receptor for all known mammalians neurotrophins (i.e., proNGF, NGF, BDNF, NT-3 e NT-4/5) and it is involved in pathways that determine both survival and death of neurons. Interestingly, also Aβ peptides can blind to NGFR/p75NTR making it the "ideal" candidate in mediating Aβ-induced neuropathology. In addition to pathogenesis and neuropathology, several data indicated that NGFR/p75NTR could play a key role in AD also from a genetic perspective. Other studies suggested that NGFR/p75NTR could represent a good diagnostic tool, as well as a promising therapeutic target for AD. Here, we comprehensively summarize and review the current experimental evidence on this topic.
Collapse
|
3
|
A Study on THE Mechanism of Electroacupuncture to Alleviate Visceral Pain and NGF Expression. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:3755439. [PMID: 36275969 PMCID: PMC9586762 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3755439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Visceral pain is unbearable, and natural methods are needed to relieve it. Electroacupuncture is a relatively new technique that helps relieve visceral pain by improving blood circulation and providing energy to clogged parts of the body. However, its analgesic effect and mechanism in colorectal pain are still unknown. In this study, the visceral pain models of electroacupuncture in rats were compared and discussed, using nanocomponents to stimulate the expression and mechanism of the nerve growth factor in colorectal pain and electroacupuncture and to observe the expression and mechanism of nerve growth factor in visceral pain relief rats induced by nanocomponents and electroacupuncture. The results show that nanocomponents can effectively relieve visceral pain under the action of electroacupuncture. NGF can activate endogenous proliferation, migration, differentiation, and integration. NSC can promote nerve regeneration and recovery after injury.
Collapse
|
4
|
Freitas NL, Gomes YCP, Souza FDS, Torres RC, Echevarria-Lima J, Leite ACCB, Lima MASD, Araújo AQC, Silva MTT, Espíndola ODM. Lessons from the Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis of HTLV-1-Infected Individuals: Biomarkers of Inflammation for HAM/TSP Development. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102146. [PMID: 36298702 PMCID: PMC9609689 DOI: 10.3390/v14102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to motor impairment due to a chronic inflammatory process in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the HAM/TSP pathogenesis is not completely clear, and biomarkers to define the disease prognosis are still necessary. Thus, we aimed to identify biomarkers for HAM/TSP and potential mechanisms involved in disease development. To that end, the concentrations of VILIP-1, BDNF, VEGF, β-NGF, TGF-β1, fractalkine/CX3CL1, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α, and the soluble forms of TREM-1, TREM-2, and RAGE, were assessed using a multiplex bead-based immunoassay in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from HAM/TSP patients (n = 20), asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (AC) (n = 13), and HTLV-1-seronegative individuals (n = 9), with the results analyzed according to the speed of HAM/TSP progression. HAM/TSP patients had elevated fractalkine in the serum but not in the CSF, particularly those with low neuroinflammatory activity (CSF/serum ratio of neopterin <1 and of CXCL10 < 2). HAM/TSP patients with normal CSF levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) showed elevated β-NGF in serum, and serum BDNF levels were increased in HTLV-1-infected individuals, particularly in HTLV-1 AC. Both HTLV-1 AC and HAM/TSP patients had lower TGF-β1 levels in CSF compared to uninfected individuals, and HAM/TSP patients with active CNS inflammation showed higher CSF levels of IL-18, which correlated with markers of inflammation, neuronal death, and blood−brain-barrier permeability. Although none of the factors evaluated were associated with the speed of HAM/TSP progression, reduced TGF-β1 levels in CSF suggest that suppressive responses to control subclinical and/or active neurodegeneration are impaired, while increased CSF IL-18 indicates the involvement of inflammasome-mediated mechanisms in HAM/TSP development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lardini Freitas
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Yago Côrtes Pinheiro Gomes
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Flávia dos Santos Souza
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho Torres
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-912, Brazil
| | - Juliana Echevarria-Lima
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | | | | | - Abelardo Queiroz Campos Araújo
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tulius Teixeira Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Otávio de Melo Espíndola
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stabile AM, Pistilli A, Bartolini D, Angelucci E, Dell’Omo M, Di Sante G, Rende M. Short-Term Effects of Side-Stream Smoke on Nerve Growth Factor and Its Receptors TrKA and p75 NTR in a Group of Non-Smokers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10317. [PMID: 36011952 PMCID: PMC9408420 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke remains a major risk factor, for both smokers and non-smokers, able to trigger the initiation and/or the progression of several human diseases. Although in recent times governments have acted with the aim of banning or strongly reducing its impact within public places and common spaces, environmental tobacco smoke remains a major pollutant in private places, such as the home environment or cars. Several inflammatory and long-term biomarkers have been analysed and well-described, but the list of mediators modulated during the early phases of inhalation of environmental tobacco smoke needs to be expanded. The aim of this study was to measure the short-term effects after exposure to side-stream smoke on Nerve Growth Factor and its receptors Tropomyosin-related kinase A and neurotrophin p75, molecules already described in health conditions and respiratory diseases. Twenty-one non-smokers were exposed to a home-standardized level of SS as well as to control smoke-free air. Nerve Growth Factor and inflammatory cytokines levels, as well the expression of Tropomyosin-related kinase A and neurotrophin receptor p75, were analysed in white blood cells. The present study demonstrates that during early phases, side-stream smoke exposure induced increases in the percentage of neurotrophin receptor p75-positive white blood cells, in their mean fluorescent intensity, and in gene expression. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the urine cotinine level and the percentage of neurotrophin receptor-positive white blood cells. For the first time, the evidence that short-term exposure to side-stream smoke is able to increase neurotrophin receptor p75 expression confirms the very early involvement of this receptor, not only among active smokers but also among non-smokers exposed to SS. Furthermore, the correlation between cotinine levels in urine and the increase in neurotrophin receptor p75-positive white blood cells could represent a potential novel molecule to be investigated for the detection of SS exposure at early time points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Stabile
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, P. le Lucio Severi 1 Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pistilli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, P. le Lucio Severi 1 Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, P. le Lucio Severi 1 Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Angelucci
- Department of Medicine, Section of Occupational Medicine, Respiratory Diseases and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Lucio Severi 1 Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Dell’Omo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Occupational Medicine, Respiratory Diseases and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Lucio Severi 1 Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, P. le Lucio Severi 1 Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, P. le Lucio Severi 1 Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morozova A, Zorkina Y, Abramova O, Pavlova O, Pavlov K, Soloveva K, Volkova M, Alekseeva P, Andryshchenko A, Kostyuk G, Gurina O, Chekhonin V. Neurobiological Highlights of Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1217. [PMID: 35163141 PMCID: PMC8835608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is focused on several psychiatric disorders in which cognitive impairment is a major component of the disease, influencing life quality. There are plenty of data proving that cognitive impairment accompanies and even underlies some psychiatric disorders. In addition, sources provide information on the biological background of cognitive problems associated with mental illness. This scientific review aims to summarize the current knowledge about neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in people with schizophrenia, depression, mild cognitive impairment and dementia (including Alzheimer's disease).The review provides data about the prevalence of cognitive impairment in people with mental illness and associated biological markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Morozova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Yana Zorkina
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Olga Abramova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Olga Pavlova
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Konstantin Pavlov
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Kristina Soloveva
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Maria Volkova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Polina Alekseeva
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Alisa Andryshchenko
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Georgiy Kostyuk
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Olga Gurina
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pons V, Rivest S. Targeting Systemic Innate Immune Cells as a Therapeutic Avenue for Alzheimer Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:1-17. [PMID: 34987086 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the first progressive neurodegenerative disease worldwide, and the disease is characterized by an accumulation of amyloid in the brain and neurovasculature that triggers cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. The innate immune system has a preponderant role in AD. The last decade, scientists focused their efforts on therapies aiming to modulate innate immunity. The latter is of great interest, since they participate to the inflammation and phagocytose the amyloid in the brain and blood vessels. We and others have developed pharmacological approaches to stimulate these cells using various ligands. These include toll-like receptor 4, macrophage colony stimulating factor, and more recently nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing 2 receptors. This review will discuss the great potential to take advantage of the innate immune system to fight naturally against amyloid β accumulation and prevent its detrimental consequence on brain functions and its vascular system. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The focus on amyloid β removal from the perivascular space rather than targeting CNS plaque formation and clearance represents a new direction with a great potential. Small molecules able to act at the level of peripheral immunity would constitute a novel approach for tackling aberrant central nervous system biology, one of which we believe would have the potential of generating a lot of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pons
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boul., Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Serge Rivest
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boul., Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Piec PA, Pons V, Rivest S. Triggering Innate Immune Receptors as New Therapies in Alzheimer's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082164. [PMID: 34440933 PMCID: PMC8393987 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease are two complex neurodegenerative diseases involving the immune system. So far, available treatments provide at best mild improvements to patients' conditions. For decades now, a new set of molecules have been used to modulate and regulate the innate immunity in these pathologies. Most studies have been carried out in rodents and some of them have reported tremendous beneficial effects on the disease course. The modulation of innate immune cells is of great interest since it provides new hope for patients. In this review, we will briefly overview the therapeutic potential of some molecules and receptors in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease and how they could be used to exploit new therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
|
9
|
Manzine PR, Vatanabe IP, Peron R, Grigoli MM, Pedroso RV, Nascimento CMC, Cominetti MR. Blood-based Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: The Long and Winding Road. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1300-1315. [PMID: 31942855 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200114105515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-based biomarkers can be very useful in formulating new diagnostic and treatment proposals in the field of dementia, especially in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, due to the influence of several factors on the reproducibility and reliability of these markers, their clinical use is still very uncertain. Thus, up-to-date knowledge about the main blood biomarkers that are currently being studied is extremely important in order to discover clinically useful and applicable tools, which could also be used as novel pharmacological strategies for the AD treatment. METHODS A narrative review was performed based on the current candidates of blood-based biomarkers for AD to show the main results from different studies, focusing on their clinical applicability and association with AD pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper was to carry out a literature review on the major blood-based biomarkers for AD, connecting them with the pathophysiology of the disease. RESULTS Recent advances in the search of blood-based AD biomarkers were summarized in this review. The biomarkers were classified according to the topics related to the main hallmarks of the disease such as inflammation, amyloid, and tau deposition, synaptic degeneration and oxidative stress. Moreover, molecules involved in the regulation of proteins related to these hallmarks were described, such as non-coding RNAs, neurotrophins, growth factors and metabolites. Cells or cellular components with the potential to be considered as blood-based AD biomarkers were described in a separate topic. CONCLUSION A series of limitations undermine new discoveries on blood-based AD biomarkers. The lack of reproducibility of findings due to the small size and heterogeneity of the study population, different analytical methods and other assay conditions make longitudinal studies necessary in this field to validate these structures, especially when considering a clinical evaluation that includes a broad panel of these potential and promising blood-based biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Izabela P Vatanabe
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Peron
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina M Grigoli
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata V Pedroso
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla M C Nascimento
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia R Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sherva R, Gross A, Mukherjee S, Koesterer R, Amouyel P, Bellenguez C, Dufouil C, Bennett DA, Chibnik L, Cruchaga C, del-Aguila J, Farrer LA, Mayeux R, Munsie L, Winslow A, Newhouse S, Saykin AJ, Kauwe JS, Crane PK, Green RC. Genome-wide association study of rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease patients identifies novel genes and pathways. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:1134-1145. [PMID: 32573913 PMCID: PMC7924136 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variability exists in the disease trajectories of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. We performed a genome-wide association study to examine rate of cognitive decline (ROD) in patients with AD. METHODS We tested for interactions between genetic variants and time since diagnosis to predict the ROD of a composite cognitive score in 3946 AD cases and performed pathway analysis on the top genes. RESULTS Suggestive associations (P < 1.0 × 10-6 ) were observed on chromosome 15 in DNA polymerase-γ (rs3176205, P = 1.11 × 10-7 ), chromosome 7 (rs60465337,P = 4.06 × 10-7 ) in contactin-associated protein-2, in RP11-384F7.1 on chromosome 3 (rs28853947, P = 5.93 × 10-7 ), family with sequence similarity 214 member-A on chromosome 15 (rs2899492, P = 5.94 × 10-7 ), and intergenic regions on chromosomes 16 (rs4949142, P = 4.02 × 10-7 ) and 4 (rs1304013, P = 7.73 × 10-7 ). Significant pathways involving neuronal development and function, apoptosis, memory, and inflammation were identified. DISCUSSION Pathways related to AD, intelligence, and neurological function determine AD progression, while previously identified AD risk variants, including the apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 and ε2 variants, do not have a major impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord St., E-200, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Alden Gross
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 E. Monument St, Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Suite 2-700, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shubhabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Box 359780, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Ryan Koesterer
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Inserm UMR-1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245 - 59019 LILLE cedex, FRANCE
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, DISTALZ Laboratory of Excellence (LabEx), Lille, France
| | - Celine Bellenguez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Inserm UMR-1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245 - 59019 LILLE cedex, FRANCE
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, DISTALZ Laboratory of Excellence (LabEx), Lille, France
| | - Carole Dufouil
- Inserm Unit 1219 Bordeaux Population Health, CIC 1401-EC (Clinical Epidemiology), University of Bordeaux, ISPED (Bordeaux School of Public Health), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lori Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8134, 425 S. Euclid Ave, Office 9607, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics. Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Jorge del-Aguila
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8134, 425 S. Euclid Ave, Office 9607, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics. Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord St., E-200, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leanne Munsie
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Ashley Winslow
- Orphan Disease Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 125 South 31st Street, Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephen Newhouse
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- NIHR BioResource Centre Maudsley, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) & Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK London, University College London, London, UK
- dd Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, IU Health Neuroscience Center, Suite 4100, 355 West 16th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - John S.K. Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 105 FPH, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Paul K. Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Box 359780, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Robert C. Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, EC Alumnae Building, Suite 301, 41 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen YC, Chiu YJ, Lin CH, Hsu WC, Wu JL, Huang CH, Lin CW, Yao CF, Huang HJ, Lo YS, Chen CM, Wu YR, Chang KH, Lee-Chen GJ, Mei Hsieh-Li H. Indole Compound NC009-1 Augments APOE and TRKA in Alzheimer's Disease Cell and Mouse Models for Neuroprotection and Cognitive Improvement. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:737-756. [PMID: 30689566 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), associated with abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ), is the most common cause of dementia among older people. A few studies have identified substantial AD biomarkers in blood but their results were inconsistent. Here we screened gene expression alterations on Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y neuronal model for AD, and evaluated the findings on peripheral leukocytes from 78 patients with AD and 56 healthy controls. The therapeutic responses of identified biomarker candidates were further examined in Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y neuronal and APP/PS1/Tau triple transgenic (3×Tg-AD) mouse models. Downregulation of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA) were detected in Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y cells and validated by peripheral leukocytes from AD patients. Treatment with an in-house indole compound NC009-1 upregulated the expression of APOE and TRKA accompanied with improvement of neurite outgrowth in Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y cells. NC009-1 further rescued the downregulated APOE and TRKA and reduced Aβ and tau levels in hippocampus and cortex, and ameliorated cognitive deficits in streptozocin-induced hyperglycemic 3×Tg-AD mice. These results suggest the role of APOE and TRKA as potential peripheral biomarkers in AD, and offer a new drug development target of AD treatment. Further studies of a large series of AD patients will be warranted to verify the findings and confirm the correlation between these markers and therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jen Chiu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuin Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Dementia Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Lu Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hei-Jen Huang
- Department of Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shi Lo
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pedrinolla A, Venturelli M, Tamburin S, Fonte C, Stabile AM, Galazzo IB, Ghinassi B, Venneri MA, Pizzini FB, Muti E, Smania N, Di Baldassarre A, Naro F, Rende M, Schena F. Non-Aβ-Dependent Factors Associated with Global Cognitive and Physical Function in Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Multivariate Analysis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020224. [PMID: 30744116 PMCID: PMC6406356 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent literature highlights the importance of identifying factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Actual validated biomarkers include neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid assessments; however, we investigated non-Aβ-dependent factors associated with dementia in 12 MCI and 30 AD patients. Patients were assessed for global cognitive function (Mini-Mental state examination—MMSE), physical function (Physical Performance Test—PPT), exercise capacity (6-min walking test—6MWT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), brain volume, vascular function (flow-mediated dilation—FMD), inflammatory status (tumor necrosis factor—α ,TNF- α, interleukin-6, -10 and -15) and neurotrophin receptors (p75NTR and Tropomyosin receptor kinase A -TrkA). Baseline multifactorial information was submitted to two separate backward stepwise regression analyses to identify the variables associated with cognitive and physical decline in demented patients. A multivariate regression was then applied to verify the stepwise regression. The results indicated that the combination of 6MWT and VO2max was associated with both global cognitive and physical function (MMSE = 11.384 + (0.00599 × 6MWT) − (0.235 × VO2max)); (PPT = 1.848 + (0.0264 × 6MWT) + (19.693 × VO2max)). These results may offer important information that might help to identify specific targets for therapeutic strategies (NIH Clinical trial identification number NCT03034746).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pedrinolla
- Departement of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona,Via Casorati 43, 37127 Verona, Italy.
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Departement of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona,Via Casorati 43, 37127 Verona, Italy.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
| | - Stefano Tamburin
- Departement of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona,Via Casorati 43, 37127 Verona, Italy.
| | - Cristina Fonte
- Departement of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona,Via Casorati 43, 37127 Verona, Italy.
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Stabile
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | | | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Science, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Ettore Muti
- Mons. Mazzali Foundation, 46100, Mantua, Italy.
| | - Nicola Smania
- Departement of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona,Via Casorati 43, 37127 Verona, Italy.
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Fabio Naro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Science, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Federico Schena
- Departement of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona,Via Casorati 43, 37127 Verona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lakey-Beitia J, González Y, Doens D, Stephens DE, Santamaría R, Murillo E, Gutiérrez M, Fernández PL, Rao KS, Larionov OV, Durant-Archibold AA. Assessment of Novel Curcumin Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Inflammation and Amyloid-β Aggregation in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:S59-S68. [PMID: 28453488 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting the elderly population worldwide. Brain inflammation plays a key role in the progression of AD. Deposition of senile plaques in the brain stimulates an inflammatory response with the overexpression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as the neuroinflammatory cytokine. interleukin-6. Curcumin has been revealed to be a potential agent for treating AD following different neuroprotective mechanisms, such as inhibition of aggregation and decrease in brain inflammation. We synthesized new curcumin derivatives with the aim of providing good anti-aggregation capacity but also improved anti-inflammatory activity. Nine curcumin derivatives were synthesized by etherification and esterification of the aromatic region. From these derivatives, compound 8 exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect similar to curcumin, while compounds 3, 4, and 10 were more potent. Moreover, when the anti-aggregation activity is considered, compounds 3, 4, 5, 6, and 10 showed biological activity in vitro. Compound 4 exhibited a strong anti-aggregation effect higher than curcumin. Monofunctionalized curcumin derivatives showed better bioactivity than difunctionalized compounds. Moreover, the presence of bulky groups in the chemical structure of curcumin derivatives decreased bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johant Lakey-Beitia
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama.,Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yisett González
- Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, India.,Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama
| | - Deborah Doens
- Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, India.,Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama
| | - David E Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ricardo Santamaría
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama
| | - Enrique Murillo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural, Exact Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Marcelino Gutiérrez
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama
| | - Patricia L Fernández
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama
| | - K S Rao
- Center for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama
| | - Oleg V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Armando A Durant-Archibold
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Republic of Panama.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural, Exact Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Republic of Panama
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Morena F, Argentati C, Trotta R, Crispoltoni L, Stabile A, Pistilli A, di Baldassarre A, Calafiore R, Montanucci P, Basta G, Pedrinolla A, Smania N, Venturelli M, Schena F, Naro F, Emiliani C, Rende M, Martino S. A Comparison of Lysosomal Enzymes Expression Levels in Peripheral Blood of Mild- and Severe-Alzheimer's Disease and MCI Patients: Implications for Regenerative Medicine Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081806. [PMID: 28825628 PMCID: PMC5578193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of lysosomal dysfunction and neurodegeneration has been documented in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Herein, we investigate the association of lysosomal enzymes with AD at different stages of progression of the disease (mild and severe) or with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We conducted a screening of two classes of lysosomal enzymes: glycohydrolases (β-Hexosaminidase, β-Galctosidase, β-Galactosylcerebrosidase, β-Glucuronidase) and proteases (Cathepsins S, D, B, L) in peripheral blood samples (blood plasma and PBMCs) from mild AD, severe AD, MCI and healthy control subjects. We confirmed the lysosomal dysfunction in severe AD patients and added new findings enhancing the association of abnormal levels of specific lysosomal enzymes with the mild AD or severe AD, and highlighting the difference of AD from MCI. Herein, we showed for the first time the specific alteration of β-Galctosidase (Gal), β-Galactosylcerebrosidase (GALC) in MCI patients. It is notable that in above peripheral biological samples the lysosomes are more sensitive to AD cellular metabolic alteration when compared to levels of Aβ-peptide or Tau proteins, similar in both AD groups analyzed. Collectively, our findings support the role of lysosomal enzymes as potential peripheral molecules that vary with the progression of AD, and make them useful for monitoring regenerative medicine approaches for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Rosa Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Lucia Crispoltoni
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Anna Stabile
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Pistilli
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Angela di Baldassarre
- Department of Aging Medical Science, University of G. d'Annunzio, Chieti e Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Clinical Physiology and Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Bio-hybrid Organs, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Pia Montanucci
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Clinical Physiology and Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Bio-hybrid Organs, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Basta
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Clinical Physiology and Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Bio-hybrid Organs, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Anna Pedrinolla
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
| | - Nicola Smania
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
| | - Fabio Naro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Roma 06100, Italy.
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sampaio TB, Savall AS, Gutierrez MEZ, Pinton S. Neurotrophic factors in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: implications for pathogenesis and therapy. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:549-557. [PMID: 28553325 PMCID: PMC5436343 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.205084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors comprise essential secreted proteins that have several functions in neural and non-neural tissues, mediating the development, survival and maintenance of peripheral and central nervous system. Therefore, neurotrophic factor issue has been extensively investigated into the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease show changes in the regulation of specific neurotrophic factors and their receptors, which appear to be critical for neuronal degeneration. Indeed, neurotrophic factors prevent cell death in degenerative processes and can enhance the growth and function of affected neurons in these disorders. Based on recent reports, this review discusses the main findings related to the neurotrophic factor support – mainly brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor – in the survival, proliferation and maturation of affected neurons in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease as well as their putative application as new therapeutic approach for these diseases management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuane Bazanella Sampaio
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Anne Suely Savall
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Pinton
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|