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Buggiani J, Meinnel T, Giglione C, Frottin F. Advances in nuclear proteostasis of metazoans. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00081-6. [PMID: 38642824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
The proteostasis network and associated protein quality control (PQC) mechanisms ensure proteome functionality and are essential for cell survival. A distinctive feature of eukaryotic cells is their high degree of compartmentalization, requiring specific and adapted proteostasis networks for each compartment. The nucleus, essential for maintaining the integrity of genetic information and gene transcription, is one such compartment. While PQC mechanisms have been investigated for decades in the cytoplasm and the endoplasmic reticulum, our knowledge of nuclear PQC pathways is only emerging. Recent developments in the field have underscored the importance of spatially managing aberrant proteins within the nucleus. Upon proteotoxic stress, misfolded proteins and PQC effectors accumulate in various nuclear membrane-less organelles. Beyond bringing together effectors and substrates, the biophysical properties of these organelles allow novel PQC functions. In this review, we explore the specificity of the nuclear compartment, the effectors of the nuclear proteostasis network, and the PQC roles of nuclear membrane-less organelles in metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Buggiani
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Meinnel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carmela Giglione
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Frottin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Jiao S, Bai C, Qi C, Wu H, Hu L, Li F, Yang K, Zhao C, Ouyang H, Pang D, Tang X, Xie Z. Identification and Functional Analysis of the Regulatory Elements in the pHSPA6 Promoter. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020189. [PMID: 35205234 PMCID: PMC8872561 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional and expressional research of heat shock protein A6 (HSPA6) suggests that the gene is of great value for neurodegenerative diseases, biosensors, cancer, etc. Based on the important value of pigs in agriculture and biomedicine and to advance knowledge of this little-studied HSPA member, the stress-sensitive sites in porcine HSPA6 (pHSPA6) were investigated following different stresses. Here, two heat shock elements (HSEs) and a conserved region (CR) were identified in the pHSPA6 promoter by a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated precise gene editing strategy. Gene expression data showed that sequence disruption of these regions could significantly reduce the expression of pHSPA6 under heat stress. Stimulation studies indicated that these regions responded not only to heat stress but also to copper sulfate, MG132, and curcumin. Further mechanism studies showed that downregulated pHSPA6 could significantly affect some important members of the HSP family that are involved in HSP40, HSP70, and HSP90. Overall, our results provide a new approach for investigating gene expression and regulation that may contribute to gene regulatory mechanisms, drug target selection, and breeding stock selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Jiao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Chunyan Bai
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Chunyun Qi
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Heyong Wu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Lanxin Hu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Feng Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Kang Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Chuheng Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401123, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401123, China
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401123, China
- Correspondence: (X.T.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zicong Xie
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (S.J.); (C.B.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (K.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.O.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence: (X.T.); (Z.X.)
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Choudhury R, Bayatti N, Scharff R, Szula E, Tilakaratna V, Udsen MS, McHarg S, Askari JA, Humphries MJ, Bishop PN, Clark SJ. FHL-1 interacts with human RPE cells through the α5β1 integrin and confers protection against oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14175. [PMID: 34239032 PMCID: PMC8266909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells that underlie the neurosensory retina are essential for the maintenance of photoreceptor cells and hence vision. Interactions between the RPE and their basement membrane, i.e. the inner layer of Bruch's membrane, are essential for RPE cell health and function, but the signals induced by Bruch's membrane engagement, and their contributions to RPE cell fate determination remain poorly defined. Here, we studied the functional role of the soluble complement regulator and component of Bruch's membrane, Factor H-like protein 1 (FHL-1). Human primary RPE cells adhered to FHL-1 in a manner that was eliminated by either mutagenesis of the integrin-binding RGD motif in FHL-1 or by using competing antibodies directed against the α5 and β1 integrin subunits. These short-term experiments reveal an immediate protein-integrin interaction that were obtained from primary RPE cells and replicated using the hTERT-RPE1 cell line. Separate, longer term experiments utilising RNAseq analysis of hTERT-RPE1 cells bound to FHL-1, showed an increased expression of the heat-shock protein genes HSPA6, CRYAB, HSPA1A and HSPA1B when compared to cells bound to fibronectin (FN) or laminin (LA). Pathway analysis implicated changes in EIF2 signalling, the unfolded protein response, and mineralocorticoid receptor signalling as putative pathways. Subsequent cell survival assays using H2O2 to induce oxidative stress-induced cell death suggest hTERT-RPE1 cells had significantly greater protection when bound to FHL-1 or LA compared to plastic or FN. These data show a non-canonical role of FHL-1 in protecting RPE cells against oxidative stress and identifies a novel interaction that has implications for ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawshan Choudhury
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Nadhim Bayatti
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard Scharff
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Ewa Szula
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Viranga Tilakaratna
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Maja Søberg Udsen
- Panum Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Selina McHarg
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul N Bishop
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon J Clark
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK.
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK.
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Straße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- University Eye Clinic, Department for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Ambrose AJ, Chapman E. Function, Therapeutic Potential, and Inhibition of Hsp70 Chaperones. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7060-7082. [PMID: 34009983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hsp70s are among the most highly conserved proteins in all of biology. Through an iterative binding and release of exposed hydrophobic residues on client proteins, Hsp70s can prevent aggregation and promote folding to the native state of their client proteins. The human proteome contains eight canonical Hsp70s. Because Hsp70s are relatively promiscuous they play a role in folding a large proportion of the proteome. Hsp70s are implicated in disease through their ability to regulate protein homeostasis. In recent years, researchers have attempted to develop selective inhibitors of Hsp70 isoforms to better understand the role of individual isoforms in biology and as potential therapeutics. Selective inhibitors have come from rational design, forced localization, and serendipity, but the development of completely selective inhibitors remains elusive. In the present review, we discuss the Hsp70 structure and function, the known Hsp70 client proteins, the role of Hsp70s in disease, and current efforts to discover Hsp70 modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Ambrose
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Eli Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Chiricosta L, Gugliandolo A, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Could the Heat Shock Proteins 70 Family Members Exacerbate the Immune Response in Multiple Sclerosis? An in Silico Study. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060615. [PMID: 32503176 PMCID: PMC7348765 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It represents one of the main causes of neurological disability in young people. In MS, the autoimmune response is directed against myelin antigens but other possible bio-molecular markers are investigated. The aim of this work was, through an in silico study, the evaluation of the transcriptional modifications between healthy subjects and MS patients in six brain areas (corpus callosum, hippocampus, internal capsule, optic chiasm, frontal and parietal cortex) in order to identify genes representative of the disease. Our results show the upregulation of the Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) HSPA1A, HSPA1B, HSPA7, HSPA6, HSPH1 and HSPA4L of the HSP70 family, among which HSPA1A and HSPA1B are upregulated in all the brain areas. HSP70s are molecular chaperones indispensable for protein folding, recently associated with immune system maintenance. The little overexpression of the HSPs protects the cells from stress but extreme upregulation can contribute to the MS pathogenesis. We also investigated the genes involved in the immune system that result in overall upregulation in the corpus callosum, hippocampus, internal capsule, optic chiasm and are absent in the cortex. Interestingly, the genes of the immune system and the HSP70s have comparable levels of expression.
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