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Henney AE, Gillespie CS, Alam U, Hydes TJ, Mackay CE, Cuthbertson DJ. High intake of ultra-processed food is associated with dementia in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Neurol 2024; 271:198-210. [PMID: 37831127 PMCID: PMC10770002 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Poor cardiometabolic health is associated with dementia. Considering previous meta-analyses have confirmed associations between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and cardiometabolic disease, we were interested in the contribution of UPF consumption to the risk of developing dementia. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all records registered on Ovid Medline and Web of Science from inception until December 2022 [PROSPERO (CRD42023388363)]. Studies that assessed UPF consumption in adults, determined according to NOVA, and that reported dementia (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and mild cognitive impairment) determined by clearly stated diagnostic criteria (including formal assessment of dementia or use of diagnostic codes) were included. The association between UPF consumption and dementia was assessed using random-effects meta-analysis, controlling for confounding variables. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and evidence credibility evaluated using the NutriGrade system. RESULTS Seven thousand ten records were screened, and 122 records underwent full text review. From these, 10 observational (8 longitudinal) studies, analysing 867,316 individuals, were included. Included studies adjusted for age, socioeconomic status and co-morbidity, alongside other confounders. High (vs. low) intake of UPF was associated with increased risk of dementia (pooled relative risk 1.44 (95% confidence interval 1.09-1.90) (p = 0.02)) (I2 = 97.0%), although moderate (vs. low) intake of UPF was not (1.12 (0.96-1.31) (0.13)) (85.0%). Funnel plots demonstrate low risk of publication bias. CONCLUSION High UPF consumption is associated with dementia. Public health measures to reduce overconsumption of UPFs are imperative to reduce the burden of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Henney
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.
- Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Conor S Gillespie
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Uazman Alam
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Theresa J Hydes
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Clare E Mackay
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel J Cuthbertson
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
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Mellado S, Cuesta CM, Montagud S, Rodríguez‐Arias M, Moreno‐Manzano V, Guerri C, Pascual M. Therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunctions induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:4018-4031. [PMID: 37381698 PMCID: PMC10651955 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous membrane vesicles secreted by cells in extracellular spaces that play an important role in intercellular communication under both normal and pathological conditions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory cells capable of secreting EVs, which are considered promising molecules for treating immune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases. Our previous studies demonstrate that, by activating innate immune receptors TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4), binge-like ethanol exposure in adolescence causes neuroinflammation and neural damage. AIMS To evaluate whether the intravenous administration of MSC-derived EVs is capable of reducing neuroinflammation, myelin and synaptic alterations, and the cognitive dysfunction induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice. MATERIALS & METHODS MSC-derived EVs obtained from adipose tissue were administered in the tail vein (50 microg/dose, one weekly dose) to female WT adolescent mice treated intermittently with ethanol (3.0 g/kg) during two weeks. RESULTS MSC-derived EVs from adipose tissue ameliorate ethanol-induced up-regulation of inflammatory genes (e.g., COX-2, iNOS, MIP-1α, NF-κB, CX3CL1, and MCP-1) in the prefrontal cortex of adolescent mice. Notably, MSC-derived EVs also restore the myelin and synaptic derangements, and the memory and learning impairments, induced by ethanol treatment. Using cortical astroglial cells in culture, our results further confirm that MSC-derived EVs decrease inflammatory genes in ethanol-treated astroglial cells. This, in turn, confirms in vivo findings. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results provide the first evidence for the therapeutic potential of the MSC-derived EVs in the neuroimmune response and cognitive dysfunction induced by binge alcohol drinking in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Mellado
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Carlos M. Cuesta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Sandra Montagud
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de PsicologíaUniversitat de ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Marta Rodríguez‐Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de PsicologíaUniversitat de ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | | | | | - María Pascual
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
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Ankul SS, Chandran L, Anuragh S, Kaliappan I, Rushendran R, Vellapandian C. A systematic review of the neuropathology and memory decline induced by monosodium glutamate in the Alzheimer's disease-like animal model. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1283440. [PMID: 37942488 PMCID: PMC10627830 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1283440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review analyzes monosodium glutamate (MSG) in the Alzheimer's disease-like condition to enhance translational research. Our review seeks to understand how MSG affects the brain and causes degenerative disorders. Due to significant preclinical data linking glutamate toxicity to Alzheimer's disease and the lack of a comprehensive review or meta-analysis, we initiated a study on MSG's potential link. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, DOAJ, and Scopus for animal research and English language papers without time constraints. This study used the PRISMA-P framework and PICO technique to collect population, intervention or exposure, comparison, and result data. It was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42022371502. MSG affected mice's exploratory behaviors and short-term working memory. The brain, hippocampus, and cerebellar tissue demonstrated neuronal injury-related histological and histomorphometric changes. A total of 70% of MSG-treated mice had poor nesting behavior. The treated mice also had more hyperphosphorylated tau protein in their cortical and hippocampus neurons. Glutamate and glutamine levels in the brain increased with MSG, and dose-dependent mixed horizontal locomotor, grooming, and anxiety responses reduced. MSG treatment significantly decreased phospho-CREB protein levels, supporting the idea that neurons were harmed, despite the increased CREB mRNA expression. High MSG doses drastically lower brain tissue and serum serotonin levels. In conclusion, MSG showed AD-like pathology, neuronal atrophy, and short-term memory impairment. Further research with a longer time span and deeper behavioral characterization is needed. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier [CRD42022371502].
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Affiliation(s)
- Singh S. Ankul
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshmi Chandran
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Singh Anuragh
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ilango Kaliappan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rapuru Rushendran
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitra Vellapandian
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
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Neurotransmitters in Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043841. [PMID: 36835251 PMCID: PMC9966535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older populations. There is a lack of drugs that demonstrate significant efficacy in AD, so the study of the pathogenesis of AD is of great importance. More efficacious interventions are needed, as reflected by our population's fast aging. Synaptic plasticity is the capacity of neurons to adjust their connections, and it is strongly tied to learning and memory, cognitive function, and brain injury recovery. Changes in synaptic strength, such as long-term potentiation (LTP) or inhibition (LTD), are thought to represent the biological foundation of the early stages of learning and memory. The results of numerous studies confirm that neurotransmitters and their receptors play an important role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity. However, so far, there is no definite correlation between the function of neurotransmitters in aberrant neural oscillation and AD-related cognitive impairment. We summarized the AD process to understand the impact of neurotransmitters in the progression and pathogenesis of AD, including the current status of neurotransmitter target drugs, and the latest evidence of neurotransmitters' function and changes in the AD process.
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Gasiorowska A, Wydrych M, Drapich P, Zadrozny M, Steczkowska M, Niewiadomski W, Niewiadomska G. The Biology and Pathobiology of Glutamatergic, Cholinergic, and Dopaminergic Signaling in the Aging Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:654931. [PMID: 34326765 PMCID: PMC8315271 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.654931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly population is growing worldwide, with important health and socioeconomic implications. Clinical and experimental studies on aging have uncovered numerous changes in the brain, such as decreased neurogenesis, increased synaptic defects, greater metabolic stress, and enhanced inflammation. These changes are associated with cognitive decline and neurobehavioral deficits. Although aging is not a disease, it is a significant risk factor for functional worsening, affective impairment, disease exaggeration, dementia, and general disease susceptibility. Conversely, life events related to mental stress and trauma can also lead to accelerated age-associated disorders and dementia. Here, we review human studies and studies on mice and rats, such as those modeling human neurodegenerative diseases, that have helped elucidate (1) the dynamics and mechanisms underlying the biological and pathological aging of the main projecting systems in the brain (glutamatergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic) and (2) the effect of defective glutamatergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic projection on disabilities associated with aging and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of age-related diseases can be an important element in the development of effective ways of treatment. In this context, we briefly analyze which adverse changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases in the cholinergic, glutaminergic and dopaminergic systems could be targeted by therapeutic strategies developed as a result of our better understanding of these damaging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gasiorowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wydrych
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Drapich
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zadrozny
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Steczkowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Niewiadomska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Ahanger IA, Bashir S, Parray ZA, Alajmi MF, Hussain A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI, Islam A, Sharma A. Rationalizing the Role of Monosodium Glutamate in the Protein Aggregation Through Biophysical Approaches: Potential Impact on Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:636454. [PMID: 33746704 PMCID: PMC7969894 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.636454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the world’s most extensively used food additive and is generally recognized as safe according to the FDA. However, it is well reported that MSG is associated with a number of neurological diseases, and in turn, neurological diseases are associated with protein aggregation. This study rationalized the role of MSG in protein aggregation using different biophysical techniques such as absorption, far-UV CD, DLS, and ITC. Kinetic measurements revealed that MSG causes significant enhancement of aggregation of BSA through a nucleation-dependent polymerization mechanism. Also, CTAB-BSA aggregation is enhanced by MSG significantly. MSG-induced BSA aggregation also exhibits the formation of irreversible aggregates, temperature dependence, non-Arrhenius behavior, and enhancement of hydrodynamic diameter. From the isothermal titration calorimetry measurement, the significant endothermic heat of the interaction of BSA-MSG indicates that protein aggregation may be due to the coupling of MSG with the protein. The determined enthalpy change (ΔH) is largely positive, also suggesting an endothermic nature, whereas entropy change (ΔS) is positive and Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) is largely negative, suggesting the spontaneous nature of the interaction. Furthermore, even a low concentration of MSG is involved in the unfolding of the secondary structure of protein with the disappearance of original peaks and the formation of a unique peak in the far-UV CD, which is an attention-grabbing observation. This is the first investigation which links the dietary MSG with protein aggregation and thus will be very instrumental in understanding the mechanism of various MSG-related human physiological as well as neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq Ahmad Ahanger
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Forensic Science, Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, India.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Sania Bashir
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Parray
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohamed F Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Forensic Science, Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, India
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Pascual M, López‐Hidalgo R, Montagud‐Romero S, Ureña‐Peralta JR, Rodríguez‐Arias M, Guerri C. Role of mTOR-regulated autophagy in spine pruning defects and memory impairments induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice. Brain Pathol 2021; 31:174-188. [PMID: 32876364 PMCID: PMC8018167 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a brain maturation developmental period during which remodeling and changes in synaptic plasticity and neural connectivity take place in some brain regions. Different mechanism participates in adolescent brain maturation, including autophagy that plays a role in synaptic development and plasticity. Alcohol is a neurotoxic compound and its abuse in adolescence induces neuroinflammation, synaptic and myelin alterations, neural damage and behavioral impairments. Changes in synaptic plasticity and its regulation by mTOR have also been suggested to play a role in the behavioral dysfunction of binge ethanol drinking in adolescence. Therefore, by considering the critical role of mTOR in both autophagy and synaptic plasticity in the developing brain, the present study aims to evaluate whether binge ethanol treatment in adolescence would induce dysfunctions in synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions and if mTOR inhibition with rapamycin is capable of restoring both effects. Using C57BL/6 adolescent female and male mice (PND30) treated with ethanol (3 g/kg) on two consecutive days at 48-hour intervals over 2 weeks, we show that binge ethanol treatment alters the density and morphology of dendritic spines, effects that are associated with learning and memory impairments and changes in the levels of both transcription factor CREB phosphorylation and miRNAs. Rapamycin administration (3 mg/kg) prior to ethanol administration restores ethanol-induced changes in both plasticity and behavior dysfunctions in adolescent mice. These results support the critical role of mTOR/autophagy dysfunctions in the dendritic spines alterations and cognitive alterations induced by binge alcohol in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pascual
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of AlcoholPríncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Rosa López‐Hidalgo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of AlcoholPríncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain
| | | | - Juan R. Ureña‐Peralta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of AlcoholPríncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain
| | | | - Consuelo Guerri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of AlcoholPríncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain
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