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Rogojin A, Gorbet DJ, Hawkins KM, Sergio LE. Differences in structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging underlie visuomotor performance declines in older adults with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1054516. [PMID: 36711200 PMCID: PMC9877535 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1054516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Visuomotor impairments have been demonstrated in preclinical AD in individuals with a positive family history of dementia and APOE e4 carriers. Previous behavioral findings have also reported sex-differences in performance of visuomotor tasks involving a visual feedback reversal. The current study investigated the relationship between grey and white matter changes and non-standard visuomotor performance, as well as the effects of APOE status, family history of dementia, and sex on these brain-behavior relationships. Methods Older adults (n = 49) with no cognitive impairments completed non-standard visuomotor tasks involving a visual feedback reversal, plane-change, or combination of the two. Participants with a family history of dementia or who were APOE e4 carriers were considered at an increased risk for AD. T1-weighted anatomical scans were used to quantify grey matter volume and thickness, and diffusion tensor imaging measures were used to quantify white matter integrity. Results In APOE e4 carriers, grey and white matter structural measures were associated with visuomotor performance. Regression analyses showed that visuomotor deficits were predicted by lower grey matter thickness and volume in areas of the medial temporal lobe previously implicated in visuomotor control (entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices). This finding was replicated in the diffusion data, where regression analyses revealed that lower white matter integrity (lower FA, higher MD, higher RD, higher AxD) was a significant predictor of worse visuomotor performance in the forceps minor, forceps major, cingulum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and uncinate fasciculus (UF). Some of these tracts overlap with those important for visuomotor integration, namely the forceps minor, forceps major, SLF, IFOF, and ILF. Conclusion These findings suggest that measuring the dysfunction of brain networks underlying visuomotor control in early-stage AD may provide a novel behavioral target for dementia risk detection that is easily accessible, non-invasive, and cost-effective. The results also provide insight into the structural differences in inferior parietal lobule that may underlie previously reported sex-differences in performance of the visual feedback reversal task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alica Rogojin
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada,Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada,Vision: Science to Applications (VISTA) Program, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Diana J. Gorbet
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada,Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kara M. Hawkins
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Sergio
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada,Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Lauren E. Sergio, ✉
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Rogojin A, Gorbet DJ, Hawkins KM, Sergio LE. Differences in resting state functional connectivity underlie visuomotor performance declines in older adults with a genetic risk (APOE ε4) for Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1054523. [DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1054523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNon-standard visuomotor integration requires the interaction of large networks in the brain. Previous findings have shown that non-standard visuomotor performance is impaired in individuals with specific dementia risk factors (family history of dementia and presence of the APOE ε4 allele) in advance of any cognitive impairments. These findings suggest that visuomotor impairments are associated with early dementia-related brain changes. The current study examined the underlying resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) associated with impaired non-standard visuomotor performance, as well as the impacts of dementia family history, sex, and APOE status.MethodsCognitively healthy older adults (n = 48) were tested on four visuomotor tasks where reach and gaze were increasingly spatially dissociated. Participants who had a family history of dementia or the APOE ε4 allele were considered to be at an increased risk for AD. To quantify RSFC within networks of interest, an EPI sequence sensitive to BOLD contrast was collected. The networks of interest were the default mode network (DMN), somatomotor network (SMN), dorsal attention network (DAN), ventral attention network (VAN), and frontoparietal control network (FPN).ResultsIndividuals with the ε4 allele showed abnormalities in RSFC between posterior DMN nodes that predicted poorer non-standard visuomotor performance. Specifically, multiple linear regression analyses revealed lower RSFC between the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex and the left inferior parietal lobule as well as the left parahippocampal cortex. Presence of the APOE ε4 allele also modified the relationship between mean DAN RSFC and visuomotor control, where lower mean RSFC in the DAN predicted worse non-standard visuomotor performance only in APOE ε4 carriers. There were otherwise no effects of family history, APOE ε4 status, or sex on the relationship between RSFC and visuomotor performance for any of the other resting networks.ConclusionThe preliminary findings provide insight into the impact of APOE ε4-related genetic risk on neural networks underlying complex visuomotor transformations, and demonstrate that the non-standard visuomotor task paradigm discussed in this study may be used as a non-invasive, easily accessible assessment tool for dementia risk.
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Smeha N, Kalkat R, Sergio LE, Hynes LM. Sex-related differences in visuomotor skill recovery following concussion in working-aged adults. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:72. [PMID: 35443693 PMCID: PMC9022305 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to perform visually-guided motor tasks requires the transformation of visual information into programmed motor outputs. When the guiding visual information does not align spatially with the motor output, the brain processes rules to integrate somatosensory information into an appropriate motor response. Performance on such rule-based, "cognitive-motor integration" tasks is affected in concussion. Here, we investigate the relationship between visuomotor skill performance, concussion history, and sex during the course of a post-concussion management program. METHODS Fifteen acutely concussed working-aged adults, 11 adults with a history of concussion, and 17 healthy controls all completed a recovery program over the course of 4 weeks. Prior to, mid-way, and following the program, all participants were tested on their visuomotor skills. RESULTS We observed an overall change in visuomotor behaviour in all groups, as participants completed the tasks faster and more accurately. Specifically, we observed significant visuomotor skill improvement between the first and final sessions in participants with a concussion history compared to no-concussion-history controls. Notably, we observed a stronger recovery of these skills in females. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that (1) concussion impairs visuomotor skill performance, (2) the performance of complex, rule-based tasks showed improvement over the course of a recovery program, and (3) stronger recovery in females suggests sex-related differences in the brain networks controlling skilled performance, and the effect of injury on these networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Smeha
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 357 Bethune College, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.,Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ravneet Kalkat
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 357 Bethune College, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Lauren E Sergio
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 357 Bethune College, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada. .,York University Sport Medicine Team, York University, Toronto, Canada. .,Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Loriann M Hynes
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 357 Bethune College, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.,York University Sport Medicine Team, York University, Toronto, Canada
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4
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Nardone R, Langthaler PB, Schwenker K, Kunz AB, Sebastianelli L, Saltuari L, Trinka E, Versace V. Visuomotor integration in early Alzheimer's disease: A TMS study. J Neurol Sci 2022; 434:120129. [PMID: 34998240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.120129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cortical visuomotor integration is altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD), even at an early stage of the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the connections between the primary visual (V1) and motor (M1) areas in patients with early AD using a paired-pulse, twin-coil transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technique. METHODS Visuomotor connections (VMCs) were assessed in 13 subjects with probable AD and 16 healthy control subjects. A conditioning stimulus over the V1 phosphene hotspot was followed at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 18 and 40 ms by a test stimulus over M1, to elicit motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the contralateral first dorsal interosseous muscle. RESULTS Significant effects due to VMCs, consisting of enhanced MEP suppression at ISI of 18 and 40 ms, were observed in the AD patients. Patients with AD showed an excessive inhibitory response of the right M1 to inputs travelling from V1 at given ISIs. CONCLUSIONS This study provides neurophysiological evidence of altered functional connectivity between visual and motor areas in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Nardone
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Merano (SABES-ASDAA), Merano-Meran, Italy; Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Salzburg, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Institut für Neurorehabilitation und Raumfahrtneurologie, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Patrick B Langthaler
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Department of Mathematics, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Austria
| | - Kerstin Schwenker
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Salzburg, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Institut für Neurorehabilitation und Raumfahrtneurologie, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alexander B Kunz
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Luca Sebastianelli
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy
| | - Leopold Saltuari
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy
| | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Institut für Neurorehabilitation und Raumfahrtneurologie, Salzburg, Austria; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; University for Medical Informatics and Health Technology, UMIT, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Viviana Versace
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy
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Schaefer SY, Malek-Ahmadi M, Hooyman A, King JB, Duff K. Association Between Motor Task Performance and Hippocampal Atrophy Across Cognitively Unimpaired, Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease Individuals. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 85:1411-1417. [PMID: 34958015 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal atrophy is a widely used biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the cost, time, and contraindications associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) limit its use. Recent work has shown that a low-cost upper extremity motor task has potential in identifying AD risk. Fifty-four older adults (15 cognitively unimpaired, 24 amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and 15 AD) completed six motor task trials and a structural MRI. Several measures of motor task performance significantly predicted bilateral hippocampal volume, controlling for age, sex, education, and memory. Thus, this motor task may be an affordable, non-invasive screen for AD risk and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Y Schaefer
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Andrew Hooyman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jace B King
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kevin Duff
- Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging, & Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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6
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Schaefer SY, Duff K, Hooyman A, Hoffman JM. Improving Prediction of Amyloid Deposition in Mild Cognitive Impairment With a Timed Motor Task. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2022; 37:15333175211048262. [PMID: 35200059 PMCID: PMC10666206 DOI: 10.1177/15333175211048262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cortical amyloid deposition is one of the hallmark biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, given how cost- and time-intensive amyloid imaging can be, there is a continued need for a low-cost, non-invasive, and accessible enrichment strategy to pre-screen individuals for their likelihood of amyloid prior to imaging. Previous work supports the use of coordinated limb movement as a potential screening tool, even after controlling for cognitive and daily function. Thirty-six patients diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment over the age of 65 underwent 18F-Flutemetamol amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and then completed a timed motor task involving upper limb coordination. This task takes ∼5 minutes to administer and score. Multivariate linear regression and receiver operator characteristic analyses showed that including motor task performance improved model prediction of amyloid burden. Results support the rationale for including functional upper extremity motor assessment as a cost- and time-effective means to screen participants for amyloid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Y. Schaefer
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kevin Duff
- Center for Alzheimer’s Care, Imaging, and Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Andrew Hooyman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - John M. Hoffman
- Center for Alzheimer’s Care, Imaging, and Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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7
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Gómez-Granados A, Barany DA, Schrayer M, Kurtzer IL, Bonnet CT, Singh T. Age-related deficits in rapid visuomotor decision-making. J Neurophysiol 2021; 126:1592-1603. [PMID: 34614375 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00073.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many goal-directed actions that require rapid visuomotor planning and perceptual decision-making are affected in older adults, causing difficulties in execution of many functional activities of daily living. Visuomotor planning and perceptual identification are mediated by the dorsal and ventral visual streams, respectively, but it is unclear how age-induced changes in sensory processing in these streams contribute to declines in visuomotor decision-making performance. Previously, we showed that in young adults, task demands influenced movement strategies during visuomotor decision-making, reflecting differential integration of sensory information between the two streams. Here, we asked the question if older adults would exhibit deficits in interactions between the two streams during demanding motor tasks. Older adults (n = 15) and young controls (n = 26) performed reaching or interception movements toward virtual objects. In some blocks of trials, participants also had to select an appropriate movement goal based on the shape of the object. Our results showed that older adults corrected fewer initial decision errors during both reaching and interception movements. During the interception decision task, older adults made more decision- and execution-related errors than young adults, which were related to early initiation of their movements. Together, these results suggest that older adults have a reduced ability to integrate new perceptual information to guide online action, which may reflect impaired ventral-dorsal stream interactions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Older adults show declines in vision, decision-making, and motor control, which can lead to functional limitations. We used a rapid visuomotor decision task to examine how these deficits may interact to affect task performance. Compared with healthy young adults, older adults made more errors in both decision-making and motor execution, especially when the task required intercepting moving targets. This suggests that age-related declines in integrating perceptual and motor information may contribute to functional deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah A Barany
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, Athens, Georgia
| | | | - Isaac L Kurtzer
- Department of Biomedical Science, New York Institute of Technology-College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York
| | - Cédrick T Bonnet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193-SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Lille, France
| | - Tarkeshwar Singh
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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8
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Schaefer SY, Hooyman A, Duff K. Using a Timed Motor Task to Predict One-Year Functional Decline in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 77:53-58. [PMID: 32651327 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Affordable, noninvasive methods of predicting functional decline are needed for individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease. This study tested whether a timed upper-extremity motor task predicted functional decline over one year in 79 adults diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Participants completed subjective and objective measures of daily functioning at baseline and one year later. Motor task performance and delayed memory were also evaluated at baseline. Motor task performance was a significant predictor of one-year follow-up daily functioning, improving model fits by 18- 35%. Thus, motor behavior has potential to be an affordable enrichment strategy that is sensitive to functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Y Schaefer
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Andrew Hooyman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kevin Duff
- Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging, and Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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9
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Hooyman A, Malek-Ahmadi M, Fauth EB, Schaefer SY. Challenging the relationship of grip strength with cognitive status in older adults. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 36:433-442. [PMID: 33027842 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Grip strength is a widely used motor assessment in ageing research and has repeatedly been shown to be associated with cognition. It has been proposed that grip strength could enhance cognitive screening in experimental or clinical research, but this study uses multiple data-driven approaches to caution against this interpretation. Furthermore, we introduce an alternative motor assessment, comparable to grip dynamometry, but has a more robust relationship with cognition among older adults. DESIGN Associations between grip strength and cognition (measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment) were analysed cross sectionally using multivariate regression in two datasets: (1) The Irish LongituDinal Study on Ageing (TILDA; N = 5,980, community-dwelling adults ages 49-80) and (2) an experimental dataset (N = 250, community-dwelling adults aged 39-98). Additional statistical simulations on TILDA tested how ceiling effects or skewness in these variables influenced these associations for quality control. RESULTS Grip strength was significantly but weakly associated with cognition, consistent with previous studies. Simulations revealed this was not due to skewness/ceiling effects. Conversely, a new alternative motor assessment (functional reaching [FR]) had a stronger, more robust and more sensitive relationship with cognition compared to grip strength. CONCLUSIONS Grip strength should be cautiously interpreted as being associated with cognition. However, FR may have a stronger and clinically useful relationship with cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hooyman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth B Fauth
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Sydney Y Schaefer
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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10
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Lu K, Nicholas JM, Weston PSJ, Stout JC, O’Regan AM, James SN, Buchanan SM, Lane CA, Parker TD, Keuss SE, Keshavan A, Murray-Smith H, Cash DM, Sudre CH, Malone IB, Coath W, Wong A, Richards M, Henley SMD, Fox NC, Schott JM, Crutch SJ. Visuomotor integration deficits are common to familial and sporadic preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab003. [PMID: 33615219 PMCID: PMC7882207 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether subtle visuomotor deficits were detectable in familial and sporadic preclinical Alzheimer's disease. A circle-tracing task-with direct and indirect visual feedback, and dual-task subtraction-was completed by 31 individuals at 50% risk of familial Alzheimer's disease (19 presymptomatic mutation carriers; 12 non-carriers) and 390 cognitively normal older adults (members of the British 1946 Birth Cohort, all born during the same week; age range at assessment = 69-71 years), who also underwent β-amyloid-PET/MRI to derive amyloid status (positive/negative), whole-brain volume and white matter hyperintensity volume. We compared preclinical Alzheimer's groups against controls cross-sectionally (mutation carriers versus non-carriers; amyloid-positive versus amyloid-negative) on speed and accuracy of circle-tracing and subtraction. Mutation carriers (mean 7 years before expected onset) and amyloid-positive older adults traced disproportionately less accurately than controls when visual feedback was indirect, and were slower at dual-task subtraction. In the older adults, the same pattern of associations was found when considering amyloid burden as a continuous variable (Standardized Uptake Value Ratio). The effect of amyloid was independent of white matter hyperintensity and brain volumes, which themselves were associated with different aspects of performance: greater white matter hyperintensity volume was also associated with disproportionately poorer tracing accuracy when visual feedback was indirect, whereas larger brain volume was associated with faster tracing and faster subtraction. Mutation carriers also showed evidence of poorer tracing accuracy when visual feedback was direct. This study provides the first evidence of visuomotor integration deficits common to familial and sporadic preclinical Alzheimer's disease, which may precede the onset of clinical symptoms by several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Lu
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jennifer M Nicholas
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Philip S J Weston
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Julie C Stout
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison M O’Regan
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah-Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Sarah M Buchanan
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Christopher A Lane
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Thomas D Parker
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sarah E Keuss
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ashvini Keshavan
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Heidi Murray-Smith
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Carole H Sudre
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 7EU, UK
- Department of Medical Physics, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Ian B Malone
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - William Coath
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Susie M D Henley
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Nick C Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sebastian J Crutch
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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11
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Echlin HV, Gorbet DJ, Sergio LE. Assessment of a Cognitive-Motor Training Program in Adults at Risk for Developing Dementia. Can Geriatr J 2020; 23:190-198. [PMID: 32494335 PMCID: PMC7259920 DOI: 10.5770/cgj.23.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the prevalence of dementia increasing each year, pre-clinically implemented therapeutic interventions are needed. It has been suggested that cascading neural network failures may bring on behavioural deficits associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods Previously we have shown that cognitive-motor integration (CMI) training in adults with cognitive impairments generalized to improved global cognitive and activities of daily living scores. Here we employ a novel movement control–based training approach involving CMI rather than traditional cognition-only brain training. We hypothesized that such training would stimulate widespread neural networks and enhance rule-based visuomotor ability in at-risk individuals. Results We observed a significant improvement in bimanual coordination in the at-risk training group. We also observed significant decreases in movement variability for the most complex CMI condition in the at-risk and healthy training groups. Conclusions These data suggest that integrating cognition into action in a training intervention may be effective at strengthening vulnerable brain networks in asymptomatic adults at risk for developing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly V Echlin
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Diana J Gorbet
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren E Sergio
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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