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Rawat P, Sehar U, Bisht J, Reddy AP, Reddy PH. Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias in Hispanics: Identifying influential factors and supporting caregivers. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102178. [PMID: 38154509 PMCID: PMC10807242 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) are the primary public health concerns in the United States and around the globe. AD/ADRD are irreversible mental illnesses that primarily impair memory and thought processes and may lead to cognitive decline among older individuals. The prevalence of AD/ADRD is higher in Native Americans, followed by African Americans and Hispanics. Increasing evidence suggests that Hispanics are the fastest-growing ethnic population in the USA and worldwide. Hispanics develop clinical symptoms of AD/ADRD and other comorbidities nearly seven years earlier than non-Hispanic whites. The consequences of AD/ADRD can be challenging for patients, their families, and caregivers. There is a significant increase in the burden of illness, primarily affecting Hispanic/Latino families. This is partly due to their strong sense of duty towards family, and it is exacerbated by the inadequacy of healthcare and community services that are culturally and linguistically suitable and responsive to their needs. With an increasing age population, low socioeconomic status, low education, high genetic predisposition to age-related conditions, unique cultural habits, and social behaviors, Hispanic Americans face a higher risk of AD/ADRD than other racial/ethnic groups. Our article highlights the status of Hispanic older adults with AD/ADRD. We also discussed the intervention to improve the quality of life in Hispanic caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA
| | - Jasbir Bisht
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Department of Public Health, School of Population and Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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2
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Scalco R, Saito N, Beckett L, Nguyen ML, Huie E, Wang HP, Flaherty DA, Honig LS, DeCarli C, Rissman RA, Teich AF, Jin LW, Dugger BN. The neuropathological landscape of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White decedents with Alzheimer disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:105. [PMID: 37386610 PMCID: PMC10311731 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing demographic diversity of the United States' aging population, there remain significant gaps in post-mortem research investigating the ethnoracial heterogeneity in the neuropathological landscape of Alzheimer Disease (AD). Most autopsy-based studies have focused on cohorts of non-Hispanic White decedents (NHWD), with few studies including Hispanic decedents (HD). We aimed to characterize the neuropathologic landscape of AD in NHWD (n = 185) and HD (n = 92) evaluated in research programs across three institutions: University of California San Diego, University of California Davis, and Columbia University. Only persons with a neuropathologic diagnosis of intermediate/high AD determined by NIA Reagan and/or NIA-AA criteria were included. A frequency-balanced random sample without replacement was drawn from the NHWD group using a 2:1 age and sex matching scheme with HD. Four brain areas were evaluated: posterior hippocampus, frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. Sections were stained with antibodies against Aβ (4G8) and phosphorylated tau (AT8). We compared the distribution and semi-quantitative densities for neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuropil threads, core, diffuse, and neuritic plaques. All evaluations were conducted by an expert blinded to demographics and group status. Wilcoxon's two-sample test revealed higher levels of neuritic plaques in the frontal cortex (p = 0.02) and neuropil threads (p = 0.02) in HD, and higher levels of cored plaques in the temporal cortex in NHWD (p = 0.02). Results from ordinal logistic regression controlling for age, sex, and site of origin were similar. In other evaluated brain regions, semi-quantitative scores of plaques, tangles, and threads did not differ statistically between groups. Our results demonstrate HD may be disproportionately burdened by AD-related pathologies in select anatomic regions, particularly tau deposits. Further research is warranted to understand the contributions of demographic, genetic, and environmental factors to heterogeneous pathological presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Scalco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 4645 2Nd Ave, 3400A Research Building III, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Naomi Saito
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Laurel Beckett
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - My-Le Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 4645 2Nd Ave, 3400A Research Building III, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Emily Huie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 4645 2Nd Ave, 3400A Research Building III, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Hsin-Pei Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 4645 2Nd Ave, 3400A Research Building III, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Delaney A Flaherty
- Taub Institute for Research On Alzheimer's Disease and Aging Brain, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute for Research On Alzheimer's Disease and Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew F Teich
- Taub Institute for Research On Alzheimer's Disease and Aging Brain, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute for Research On Alzheimer's Disease and Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 4645 2Nd Ave, 3400A Research Building III, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Brittany N Dugger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 4645 2Nd Ave, 3400A Research Building III, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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3
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Reitz C, Pericak-Vance MA, Foroud T, Mayeux R. A global view of the genetic basis of Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:261-277. [PMID: 37024647 PMCID: PMC10686263 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) increases with age, family history and informative genetic variants. Sadly, there is still no cure or means of prevention. As in other complex diseases, uncovering genetic causes of AD could identify underlying pathological mechanisms and lead to potential treatments. Rare, autosomal dominant forms of AD occur in middle age as a result of highly penetrant genetic mutations, but the most common form of AD occurs later in life. Large-scale, genome-wide analyses indicate that 70 or more genes or loci contribute to AD. One of the major factors limiting progress is that most genetic data have been obtained from non-Hispanic white individuals in Europe and North America, preventing the development of personalized approaches to AD in individuals of other ethnicities. Fortunately, emerging genetic data from other regions - including Africa, Asia, India and South America - are now providing information on the disease from a broader range of ethnicities. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on AD genetics in populations across the world. We predominantly focus on replicated genetic discoveries but also include studies in ethnic groups where replication might not be feasible. We attempt to identify gaps that need to be addressed to achieve a complete picture of the genetic and molecular factors that drive AD in individuals across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Reitz
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Richard Mayeux
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Libard S, Giedraitis V, Kilander L, Ingelsson M, Alafuzoff I. Mixed Pathologies in a Subject with a Novel PSEN1 G206R Mutation. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:1601-1614. [PMID: 36314207 PMCID: PMC9789486 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are more than 300 presenilin-1 (PSEN1) mutations identified but a thorough postmortem neuropathological assessment of the mutation carriers is seldom performed. OBJECTIVE To assess neuropathological changes (NC) in a 73-year-old subject with the novel PSEN1 G206R mutation suffering from cognitive decline in over 20 years. To compare these findings with an age- and gender-matched subject with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). METHODS The brains were assessed macro- and microscopically and the proteinopathies were staged according to current recommendations. RESULTS The AD neuropathological change (ADNC) was more extensive in the mutation carrier, although both individuals reached a high level of ADNC. The transactive DNA binding protein 43 pathology was at the end-stage in the index subject, a finding not previously described in familial AD. This pathology was moderate in the sAD subject. The PSEN1 G206R subject displayed full-blown alpha-synuclein pathology, while this proteinopathy was absent in the sAD case. Additionally, the mutation carrier displayed pronounced neuroinflammation, not previously described in association with PSEN1 mutations. CONCLUSION Our findings are exceptional, as the PSEN1 G206R subject displayed an end-stage pathology of every common proteinopathy. It is unclear whether the observed alterations are caused by the mutation or are related to a cross-seeding mechanisms. The pronounced neuroinflammation in the index patient can be reactive to the extensive NC or a contributing factor to the proteinopathies. Thorough postmortem neuropathological and genetic assessment of subjects with familial AD is warranted, for further understanding of a dementing illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Libard
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,Department of Surgical Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Medicine and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Irina Alafuzoff
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Rubin L, Ingram LA, Resciniti NV, Ashford-Carroll B, Leith KH, Rose A, Ureña S, McCollum Q, Friedman DB. Genetic Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease in Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations in the U.S.: A Scoping Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:784958. [PMID: 35004586 PMCID: PMC8739784 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.784958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: As the United States (U.S.) population rapidly ages, the incidence of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRDs) is rising, with racial/ethnic minorities affected at disproportionate rates. Much research has been undertaken to test, sequence, and analyze genetic risk factors for ADRDs in Caucasian populations, but comparatively little has been done with racial/ethnic minority populations. We conducted a scoping review to examine the nature and extent of the research that has been published about the genetic factors of ADRDs among racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S. Design: Using an established scoping review methodological framework, we searched electronic databases for articles describing peer-reviewed empirical studies or Genome-Wide Association Studies that had been published 2005-2018 and focused on ADRD-related genes or genetic factors among underrepresented racial/ethnic minority population in the U.S. Results: Sixty-six articles met the inclusion criteria for full text review. Well-established ADRD genetic risk factors for Caucasian populations including APOE, APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 have not been studied to the same degree in minority U.S. populations. Compared to the amount of research that has been conducted with Caucasian populations in the U.S., racial/ethnic minority communities are underrepresented. Conclusion: Given the projected growth of the aging population and incidence of ADRDs, particularly among racial/ethnic minorities, increased focus on this important segment of the population is warranted. Our review can aid researchers in developing fundamental research questions to determine the role that ADRD risk genes play in the heavier burden of ADRDs in racial/ethnic minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Rubin
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Lucy A. Ingram
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Nicholas V. Resciniti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Brianna Ashford-Carroll
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Katherine Henrietta Leith
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Aubrey Rose
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Stephanie Ureña
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Quentin McCollum
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Daniela B. Friedman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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6
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Venditto JG, Bender E, Lichtenstein ML. Psychosis in a Middle-aged Woman: A Case of Presenilin-1 p.Gly206Ala Alzheimer Disease. Neurol Clin Pract 2021; 11:e573-e575. [PMID: 34484963 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Gerald Venditto
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (JGV), Philadelphia; Geisinger Medical Center (EB), Department of Neurology, Danville; and Geisinger Memory and Cognition Program (ML), Wilkes-Barre, PA
| | - Evin Bender
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (JGV), Philadelphia; Geisinger Medical Center (EB), Department of Neurology, Danville; and Geisinger Memory and Cognition Program (ML), Wilkes-Barre, PA
| | - Maya L Lichtenstein
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (JGV), Philadelphia; Geisinger Medical Center (EB), Department of Neurology, Danville; and Geisinger Memory and Cognition Program (ML), Wilkes-Barre, PA
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7
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Belbin GM, Cullina S, Wenric S, Soper ER, Glicksberg BS, Torre D, Moscati A, Wojcik GL, Shemirani R, Beckmann ND, Cohain A, Sorokin EP, Park DS, Ambite JL, Ellis S, Auton A, Bottinger EP, Cho JH, Loos RJF, Abul-Husn NS, Zaitlen NA, Gignoux CR, Kenny EE. Toward a fine-scale population health monitoring system. Cell 2021; 184:2068-2083.e11. [PMID: 33861964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding population health disparities is an essential component of equitable precision health efforts. Epidemiology research often relies on definitions of race and ethnicity, but these population labels may not adequately capture disease burdens and environmental factors impacting specific sub-populations. Here, we propose a framework for repurposing data from electronic health records (EHRs) in concert with genomic data to explore the demographic ties that can impact disease burdens. Using data from a diverse biobank in New York City, we identified 17 communities sharing recent genetic ancestry. We observed 1,177 health outcomes that were statistically associated with a specific group and demonstrated significant differences in the segregation of genetic variants contributing to Mendelian diseases. We also demonstrated that fine-scale population structure can impact the prediction of complex disease risk within groups. This work reinforces the utility of linking genomic data to EHRs and provides a framework toward fine-scale monitoring of population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian M Belbin
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sinead Cullina
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stephane Wenric
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emily R Soper
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Denis Torre
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Genevieve L Wojcik
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ruhollah Shemirani
- Information Science Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90089, USA
| | - Noam D Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ariella Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena P Sorokin
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Danny S Park
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jose-Luis Ambite
- Information Science Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90089, USA
| | - Steve Ellis
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adam Auton
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Judy H Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Noura S Abul-Husn
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Noah A Zaitlen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Christopher R Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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8
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Llibre-Guerra JJ, Li Y, Allegri RF, Mendez PC, Surace EI, Llibre-Rodriguez JJ, Sosa AL, Aláez-Verson C, Longoria EM, Tellez A, Carrillo-Sánchez K, Flores-Lagunes LL, Sánchez V, Takada LT, Nitrini R, Ferreira-Frota NA, Benevides-Lima J, Lopera F, Ramírez L, Jiménez-Velázquez I, Schenk C, Acosta D, Behrens MI, Doering M, Ziegemeier E, Morris JC, McDade E, Bateman RJ. Dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease in Latin America: Genetic heterogeneity and clinical phenotypes. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:653-664. [PMID: 33226734 PMCID: PMC8140610 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A growing number of dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease (DIAD) cases have become known in Latin American (LatAm) in recent years. However, questions regarding mutation distribution and frequency by country remain open. METHODS A literature review was completed aimed to provide estimates for DIAD pathogenic variants in the LatAm population. The search strategies were established using a combination of standardized terms for DIAD and LatAm. RESULTS Twenty-four DIAD pathogenic variants have been reported in LatAm countries. Our combined dataset included 3583 individuals at risk; countries with highest DIAD frequencies were Colombia (n = 1905), Puerto Rico (n = 672), and Mexico (n = 463), usually attributable to founder effects. We found relatively few reports with extensive documentation on biomarker profiles and disease progression. DISCUSSION Future DIAD studies will be required in LatAm, albeit with a more systematic approach to include fluid biomarker and imaging studies. Regional efforts are under way to extend the DIAD observational studies and clinical trials to Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J Llibre-Guerra
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ricardo F Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricio Chrem Mendez
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel I Surace
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ana Luisa Sosa
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Aláez-Verson
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Alberto Tellez
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karol Carrillo-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Victor Sánchez
- Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Lopera
- University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Laura Ramírez
- University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | | | - Christian Schenk
- Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Santo Domingo, Republica Dominicana
| | - Daisy Acosta
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía Hospital Clínico, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada (CICA), Universidad de Chile & Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Behrens
- Becker Medical Library, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michelle Doering
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ellen Ziegemeier
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Eric McDade
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Randall J Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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9
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Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are neurodegenerative
disorders that result in a significant burden to both patients and caregivers.
By 2050, the number of people with dementia in Latin America will increase
4-fold. A deep understanding of the relevant genetic factors of AD and FTD is
fundamental to tackle this reality through prevention. A review of different
genetic variants that cause AD or FTD in Latin America was conducted. We
searched Medline and PubMed databases using the keywords “Alzheimer’s disease,”
“frontotemporal dementia,” “mutation,” “America,” and “Latin America,” besides
specific Latin American countries. Forty-five items were chosen and analyzed.
PSEN1 mutations are the commonest cause of genetic
early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD), followed by PSEN2 and
APP mutations. Genetic FTD can be mainly explained by
GRN and MAPT mutations, as well as
C9orf72 G4C2 repeat expansion. APOE ε4 can
modify the prevalence and incidence of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), in
addition to the cognitive performance in affected carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ramos
- Neurosciences Group of Antioquia, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia - Medellín, Colombia
| | - David Aguillon
- Neurosciences Group of Antioquia, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia - Medellín, Colombia
| | - Christian Cordano
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco - San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Neurosciences Group of Antioquia, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia - Medellín, Colombia
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10
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Li YS, Yang ZH, Zhang Y, Yang J, Shang DD, Zhang SY, Wu J, Ji Y, Zhao L, Shi CH, Xu YM. Two Novel Mutations and a de novo Mutation in PSEN1 in Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2019; 10:908-914. [PMID: 31440394 PMCID: PMC6675531 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2 (PSEN2), and amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutations are responsible for autosomal dominant early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD-EOAD). To analyze the phenotypes and genotypes of EOAD patients, we performed comprehensive clinical assessments as well as mutation screening of PSEN1, PSEN2, and exons 16 and 17 of APP by Sanger sequencing in the three Chinese EOAD families. We identified two novel mutations of PSEN1 (Y256N and H214R) in samples from these families, and a de novo mutation of PSEN1 (G206V) in a patient with very early-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease. A combination of bioinformatics tools based on evolutionary, structural and computational methods predicted that the mutations were all deleterious. These findings suggest that PSEN1 Y256N, H214R, and G206V need to be considered as potential causative mutations in EOAD patients. Further functional studies are needed to evaluate the roles of these mutations in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Shang
- Department of Neurology, Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yan Ji
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Chang-He Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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11
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Sariya S, Lee JH, Mayeux R, Vardarajan BN, Reyes-Dumeyer D, Manly JJ, Brickman AM, Lantigua R, Medrano M, Jimenez-Velazquez IZ, Tosto G. Rare Variants Imputation in Admixed Populations: Comparison Across Reference Panels and Bioinformatics Tools. Front Genet 2019; 10:239. [PMID: 31001313 PMCID: PMC6456789 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Imputation has become a standard approach in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to infer in silico untyped markers. Although feasibility for common variants imputation is well established, we aimed to assess rare and ultra-rare variants’ imputation in an admixed Caribbean Hispanic population (CH). Methods We evaluated imputation accuracy in CH (N = 1,000), focusing on rare (0.1% ≤ minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤ 1%) and ultra-rare (MAF < 0.1%) variants. We used two reference panels, the Haplotype Reference Consortium (HRC; N = 27,165) and 1000 Genome Project (1000G phase 3; N = 2,504) and multiple phasing (SHAPEIT, Eagle2) and imputation algorithms (IMPUTE2, MACH-Admix). To assess imputation quality, we reported: (a) high-quality variant counts according to imputation tools’ internal indexes (e.g., IMPUTE2 “Info” ≥ 80%). (b) Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test comparing imputation quality for genotyped variants that were masked and imputed; (c) Cohen’s kappa coefficient to test agreement between imputed and whole-exome sequencing (WES) variants; (d) imputation of G206A mutation in the PSEN1 (ultra-rare in the general population an more frequent in CH) followed by confirmation genotyping. We also tested ancestry proportion (European, African and Native American) against WES-imputation mismatches in a Poisson regression fashion. Results SHAPEIT2 retrieved higher percentage of imputed high-quality variants than Eagle2 (rare: 51.02% vs. 48.60%; ultra-rare 0.66% vs. 0.65%, Wilcoxon p-value < 0.001). SHAPEIT-IMPUTE2 employing HRC outperformed 1000G (64.50% vs. 59.17%; 1.69% vs. 0.75% for high-quality rare and ultra-rare variants, respectively, Wilcoxon p-value < 0.001). SHAPEIT-IMPUTE2 outperformed MaCH-Admix. Compared to 1000G, HRC-imputation retrieved a higher number of high-quality rare and ultra-rare variants, despite showing lower agreement between imputed and WES variants (e.g., rare: 98.86% for HRC vs. 99.02% for 1000G). High Kappa (K = 0.99) was observed for both reference panels. Twelve G206A mutation carriers were imputed and all validated by confirmation genotyping. African ancestry was associated with higher imputation errors for uncommon and rare variants (p-value < 1e-05). Conclusion Reference panels with larger numbers of haplotypes can improve imputation quality for rare and ultra-rare variants in admixed populations such as CH. Ethnic composition is an important predictor of imputation accuracy, with higher African ancestry associated with poorer imputation accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Sariya
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer J Manly
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rafael Lantigua
- Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons, and The Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Martin Medrano
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra, Santiago, Dominican Republic
| | - Ivonne Z Jimenez-Velazquez
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Program, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Giuseppe Tosto
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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12
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Vega IE, Cabrera LY, Wygant CM, Velez-Ortiz D, Counts SE. Alzheimer's Disease in the Latino Community: Intersection of Genetics and Social Determinants of Health. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 58:979-992. [PMID: 28527211 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia among individuals 65 or older. There are more than 5 million diagnosed cases in the US alone and this number is expected to triple by 2050. Therefore, AD has reached epidemic proportions with significant socioeconomic implications. While aging in general is the greatest risk factor for AD, several additional demographic factors that have contributed to the rise in AD in the US are under study. One such factor is associated with the relatively fast growth of the Latino population. Several reports indicate that AD is more prevalent among blacks and Latinos. However, the reason for AD disparity among different ethnic groups is still poorly understood and highly controversial. The Latino population is composed of different groups based on nationality, namely South and Central America, Mexico, and Caribbean Hispanics. This diversity among the Latino population represents an additional challenge since there are distinct characteristics associated with AD and comorbidities. In this review, we aim to bring attention to the intersection between social determinants of health and genetic factors associated with AD within the Latino community. We argue that understanding the interplay between identified social determinants of health, co-morbidities, and genetic factors could lead to community empowerment and inclusiveness in research and healthcare services, contributing to improved diagnosis and treatment of AD patients. Lastly, we propose that inserting a neuroethics perspective could help understand key challenges that influence healthcare disparities and contribute to increased risk of AD among Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving E Vega
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura Y Cabrera
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,Center for Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Cassandra M Wygant
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | | | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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13
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Belbin GM, Odgis J, Sorokin EP, Yee MC, Kohli S, Glicksberg BS, Gignoux CR, Wojcik GL, Van Vleck T, Jeff JM, Linderman M, Schurmann C, Ruderfer D, Cai X, Merkelson A, Justice AE, Young KL, Graff M, North KE, Peters U, James R, Hindorff L, Kornreich R, Edelmann L, Gottesman O, Stahl EE, Cho JH, Loos RJ, Bottinger EP, Nadkarni GN, Abul-Husn NS, Kenny EE. Genetic identification of a common collagen disease in puerto ricans via identity-by-descent mapping in a health system. eLife 2017; 6:25060. [PMID: 28895531 PMCID: PMC5595434 DOI: 10.7554/elife.25060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving confidence in the causality of a disease locus is a complex task that often requires supporting data from both statistical genetics and clinical genomics. Here we describe a combined approach to identify and characterize a genetic disorder that leverages distantly related patients in a health system and population-scale mapping. We utilize genomic data to uncover components of distant pedigrees, in the absence of recorded pedigree information, in the multi-ethnic BioMe biobank in New York City. By linking to medical records, we discover a locus associated with both elevated genetic relatedness and extreme short stature. We link the gene, COL27A1, with a little-known genetic disease, previously thought to be rare and recessive. We demonstrate that disease manifests in both heterozygotes and homozygotes, indicating a common collagen disorder impacting up to 2% of individuals of Puerto Rican ancestry, leading to a better understanding of the continuum of complex and Mendelian disease. Diseases often run in families. These disease are frequently linked to changes in DNA that are passed down through generations. Close family members may share these disease-causing mutations; so may distant relatives who inherited the same mutation from a common ancestor long ago. Geneticists use a method called linkage mapping to trace a disease found in multiple members of a family over generations to genetic changes in a shared ancestor. This allows scientists to pinpoint the exact place in the genome the disease-causing mutation occurred. Using computer algorithms, scientists can apply the same technique to identify mutations that distant relatives inherited from a common ancestor. Belbin et al. used this computational technique to identify a mutation that may cause unusually short stature or bone and joint problems in up to 2% of people of Puerto Rican descent. In the experiments, the genomes of about 32,000 New Yorkers who have volunteered to participate in the BioMe Biobank and their health records were used to search for genetic changes linked to extremely short stature. The search revealed that people who inherited two copies of this mutation from their parents were likely to be extremely short or to have bone and joint problems. People who inherited one copy had an increased likelihood of joint or bone problems. This mutation affects a gene responsible for making a form of protein called collagen that is important for bone growth. The analysis suggests the mutation first arose in a Native American ancestor living in Puerto Rico around the time that European colonization began. The mutation had previously been linked to a disorder called Steel syndrome that was thought to be rare. Belbin et al. showed this condition is actually fairly common in people whose ancestors recently came from Puerto Rico, but may often go undiagnosed by their physicians. The experiments emphasize the importance of including diverse populations in genetic studies, as studies of people of predominantly European descent would likely have missed the link between this disease and mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Morven Belbin
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Jacqueline Odgis
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Elena P Sorokin
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Muh-Ching Yee
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, United States
| | - Sumita Kohli
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Harris Center for Precision Wellness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Christopher R Gignoux
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Genevieve L Wojcik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Tielman Van Vleck
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Janina M Jeff
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Michael Linderman
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Douglas Ruderfer
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States.,Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, United States.,Center for Statistical Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Xiaoqiang Cai
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Amanda Merkelson
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Misa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, United States
| | - Regina James
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Lucia Hindorff
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Ruth Kornreich
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Lisa Edelmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Eli Ea Stahl
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Harris Center for Precision Wellness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, United States.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Judy H Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Ruth Jf Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Noura S Abul-Husn
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Center for Statistical Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, United States
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14
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Ravenscroft TA, Pottier C, Murray ME, Baker M, Christopher E, Levitch D, Brown PH, Barker W, Duara R, Greig-Custo M, Betancourt A, English M, Sun X, Ertekin-Taner N, Graff-Radford NR, Dickson DW, Rademakers R. The presenilin 1 p.Gly206Ala mutation is a frequent cause of early-onset Alzheimer's disease in Hispanics in Florida. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE 2016; 5:94-101. [PMID: 27073747 PMCID: PMC4788736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding the presenilin-1 protein (PSEN1) were first discovered to cause Alzheimer's disease (AD) 20 years ago. Since then more than 200 different pathogenic mutations have been reported, including a p.Gly206Ala founder mutation in the Hispanic population. Here we report mutation analysis of known AD genes in a cohort of 27 early-onset (age of onset ≤65, age of death ≤70) Hispanic patients ascertained in Florida. The PSEN1 p.Gly206Ala mutation was identified in 13 out of 27 patients (48.1%), emphasizing the importance of this specific mutation in the etiology of early-onset AD in this population. One other patient carried the known PSEN1 p.Gly378Val mutation. Genotyping of the PSEN1 p.Gly206Ala and p.Gly378Val mutations in 63 late-onset Hispanic AD patients did not identify additional mutation carriers. All p.Gly206Ala mutation carriers shared rare alleles at two microsatellite markers flanking PSEN1 supporting a common founder. This study confirms the p.Gly206Ala variant as a frequent cause of early onset AD in the Hispanic population and for the first time reports the high frequency of this mutation in Hispanics in Florida.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cyril Pottier
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Melissa E Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Matt Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
| | | | - Denise Levitch
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Patricia H Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Warren Barker
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami Beach, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami Beach, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Maria Greig-Custo
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami Beach, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Ana Betancourt
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami Beach, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Mara English
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami Beach, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of MiamiMiami, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
| | | | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, 32224 USA
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15
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Camacho-Mercado CL, Figueroa R, Acosta H, Arnold SE, Vega IE. Profiling of Alzheimer's disease patients in Puerto Rico: A comparison of two distinct socioeconomic areas. SAGE Open Med 2016; 4:2050312115627826. [PMID: 26893902 PMCID: PMC4737973 DOI: 10.1177/2050312115627826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The Latino/Hispanic community in the United States is at higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease than other ethnic groups. Specifically, Caribbean Hispanics showed a more severe Alzheimer’s disease symptomatology than any other ethnic group. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the mortality rate associated with Alzheimer’s disease in Puerto Rico is higher than that reported in the United States. Moreover, the mortality rate associated with Alzheimer’s disease was higher among Puerto Rican living in Puerto Rico than those in the mainland United States. There is also a differential geographical distribution of mortality rate associated with Alzheimer’s disease in Puerto Rico, which may be associated with differential socioeconomic status and/or access to healthcare. However, there is no information regarding the clinical profile of Alzheimer’s disease patients in Puerto Rico. Methods: Here, we present the results of a retrospective study directed to profile Alzheimer’s disease patients clustered into two groups based on areas previously determined with low (Metro Region) and high (Northwest-Central Region) mortality rate associated with Alzheimer’s disease in Puerto Rico. Results: Significant difference in the age-at-diagnosis and years of education was found among patients within the two studied regions. Despite these differences, both regions showed comparable levels of initial and last Mini Mental State Examination scores and rate of cognitive decline. Significant difference was also observed in the occurance of co-morbidities associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Conclusions: The differential profile of Alzheimer’s disease patients correlated with differences in socioeconomic status between these two regions, suggesting that covariant associated with social status may contribute to increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Further studies should be conducted to determine the role of socioeconomic factors and healthy living practices as risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl Figueroa
- Demographics Assistance Group, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Heriberto Acosta
- Caribbean Center for the Study of Memory and Cognition, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Penn Memory Center, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irving E Vega
- Department of Translational Science & Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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16
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Lee JH, Cheng R, Vardarajan B, Lantigua R, Reyes-Dumeyer D, Ortmann W, Graham RR, Bhangale T, Behrens TW, Medrano M, Jiménez-Velázquez IZ, Mayeux R. Genetic Modifiers of Age at Onset in Carriers of the G206A Mutation in PSEN1 With Familial Alzheimer Disease Among Caribbean Hispanics. JAMA Neurol 2015; 72:1043-51. [PMID: 26214276 PMCID: PMC5010776 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.1424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The present study identified potential genetic modifiers that may delay or accelerate age at onset of familial Alzheimer disease (AD) by examining age at onset in PSEN1 mutation carrier families, and further investigation of these modifiers may provide insight into the pathobiology of AD and potential therapeutic measures. OBJECTIVE To identify genetic variants that modify age at onset of AD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Using a subset of Caribbean Hispanic families that carry the PSEN1 p.G206A mutation, we performed a 2-stage genome study. The mutation carrier families from an ongoing genetic study served as a discovery set, and the cohort of those with LOAD served as a confirmation set. To identify candidate loci, we performed linkage analysis using 5 p.G206A carrier families (n = 56), and we also performed whole-exome association analysis using 31 p.G206A carriers from 26 families. To confirm the genetic modifiers identified from the p.G206A carrier families, we analyzed the GWAS data for 2888 elderly individuals with LOAD. All study participants were Caribbean Hispanics. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age at onset of AD. RESULTS Linkage analysis of AD identified the strongest linkage support at 4q35 (LOD [logarithm of odds] score, 3.69), and the GWAS of age at onset identified variants on 1p13.1, 2q13, 4q25, and 17p11. In the confirmation stage, genewise analysis identified SNX25, PDLIM3, and 3 SH3 domain genes (SORBS2, SH3RF3, and NPHP1) to be significantly associated with LOAD. Subsequent allelic association analysis confirmed SNX25, PDLIM3, and SORBS2 as genetic modifiers of age at onset of EOAD and LOAD and provided modest support for SH3RF3 and NPHP1. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our 2-stage analysis revealed that SNX25, PDLIM3, and SORBS2 may serve as genetic modifiers of age at onset in both EOAD and LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H. Lee
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York2Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York3Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Columbia Univer
| | - Rong Cheng
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York2Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Badri Vardarajan
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York2Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Rafael Lantigua
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York4Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Timothy W. Behrens
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Martin Medrano
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra, Santiago, Dominican Republic
| | | | - Richard Mayeux
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York2Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York3Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Columbia Univer
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease/senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (AD/SDAT) is the most common neuropathologic substrate of dementia. It is characterized by synapse loss (predominantly within neocortex) as well as deposition of certain distinctive lesions (the result of protein misfolding) throughout the brain. The latter include senile plaques, composed mainly of an amyloid (Aβ) core and a neuritic component; neurofibrillary tangles, composed predominantly of hyperphosphorylated tau; and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a microangiopathy affecting both cerebral cortical capillaries and arterioles and resulting from Aβ deposition within their walls or (in the case of capillaries) immediately adjacent brain parenchyma. In this article, I discuss the hypothesized role these lesions play in causing cerebral dysfunction, as well as CSF and neuroimaging biomarkers (for dementia) that are especially relevant as immunotherapeutic approaches are being developed to remove Aβ from the brain parenchyma. In addition, I address the role of neuropathology in characterizing the sequelae of new AD/SDAT therapies and helping to validate CSF and neuroimaging biomarkers of disease. Comorbidity of AD/SDAT and various types of cerebrovascular disease is a major theme in dementia research, especially as cognitive impairment develops in the oldest old, who are especially vulnerable to ischemic and hemorrhagic brain lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology), UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90095-1732;
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Irwin DJ, Cohen TJ, Grossman M, Arnold SE, McCarty-Wood E, Van Deerlin VM, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ. Acetylated tau neuropathology in sporadic and hereditary tauopathies. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 183:344-51. [PMID: 23885714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have recently shown acetylation of tau at lysine residue 280 (AC-K280) to be a disease-specific modification in Alzheimer disease (AD), corticobasal degeneration, and progressive supranuclear palsy, likely representing a major regulatory tau modification. Herein, we extend our observations using IHC with a polyclonal antibody specific for AC-K280. Thirty brain regions were examined in argyrophilic grain disease (AGD; n = 5), tangle-predominant senile dementia (TPSD; n = 5), Pick disease (n = 4), familial AD (FAD; n = 2; PSEN1 p.G206A and p.S170P), and frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome-17 (FTDP-17; n = 2; MAPT p.P301L and IVS10 + 16). All AGD, TPSD, FAD, and FTDP-17 cases had significant AC-K280 reactivity that was similar in severity and distribution to phosphorylated tau. AC-K280 robustly labeled grain pathological characteristics in AGD and was predominantly associated with thioflavin-S-positive neurofibrillary tangles and less reactive in neuropil threads and extracellular tangles in TPSD and FAD. Thioflavin-S-negative neuronal and glial inclusions of patients with FTDP-17 were robustly AC-K280 reactive. A low degree of AC-K280 was found in a subset of 4-repeat tau-containing lesions in Pick disease. AC-K280 is a prominent feature of both neuronal and glial tau aggregations in tauopathies of various etiologies. The close association of AC-K280 with amyloid and pre-amyloid conformations of tau suggests a potential role in tangle maturation and, thus, could serve as a useful biomarker or therapeutic target in a variety of tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Irwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283, USA
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