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Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Escitalopram, Pramipexole, and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Depression in Patients With Parkinson Disease: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Neuropharmacol 2022; 45:84-88. [PMID: 35652703 PMCID: PMC9301980 DOI: 10.1097/wnf.0000000000000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effects of different antidepressant therapies on depression in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. METHODS A total of 328 patients with idiopathic PD were selected consecutively. Subjects met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disease, Fourth Edition, criteria for a depressive disorder, or operationally defined subsyndromal depression, and scored greater than 17 on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17). One hundred thirty-one patients with PD accompanied with depression were enrolled into the experimental group. The subjects were randomly divided into 4 groups, and 118 were eventually completed: routine treatment group (n = 29), routine treatment + escitalopram group (n = 29), routine treatment + pramipexole group (n = 31), and routine treatment + transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) group (n = 29). After 4 weeks of treatments, the efficacy of each treatment was evaluated using HAMD score and reduction rate. RESULTS After 4 weeks of treatment, the HAMD score was used for pair-to-pair comparison between the 4 groups. The therapeutic efficiency of escitalopram, pramipexole, and repetitive TMS was superior to routine anti-PD treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between escitalopram and pramipexole, but all of them were superior to rTMS. Further logistic regression analysis suggested that 50% reduction in HAMD score from baseline was associated with the treatment method. Among them, escitalopram had statistical significance (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Escitalopram, pramipexole, and high-frequency TMS had better efficacy in patients with PD complicated with depression. At 4 weeks, escitalopram showed better antidepressant effects and improved patients' quality of life and did not worsen motor function.
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Danilenko V, Devyatkin A, Marsova M, Shibilova M, Ilyasov R, Shmyrev V. Common Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Parkinson's Diseases: The Role of Microbiome, Pharmabiotics and Postbiotics in Their Prevention. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6349-6381. [PMID: 34876830 PMCID: PMC8643201 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s333887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, metagenomic studies have shown the key role of the gut microbiome in maintaining immune and neuroendocrine systems. Malfunction of the gut microbiome can induce inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and cytokine storm. Dysfunction of the gut microbiome can be caused by short-term (virus infection and other infectious diseases) or long-term (environment, nutrition, and stress) factors. Here, we reviewed the inflammation and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases and coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Here, we reviewed the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) involved in the processes of formation of oxidative stress and inflammation in viral and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the coronavirus uses ACE2 receptors of the RAAS to penetrate human cells. The coronavirus infection can be the trigger for neurodegenerative diseases by dysfunction of the RAAS. Pharmabiotics, postbiotics, and next-generation probiotics, are considered as a means to prevent oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, neurodegenerative and viral diseases through gut microbiome regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Danilenko
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Devyatkin
- Central Clinical Hospital with a Polyclinic CMP RF, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariya Marsova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Rustem Ilyasov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Kim J, Ghadery C, Cho SS, Mihaescu A, Christopher L, Valli M, Houle S, Strafella AP. Network Patterns of Beta-Amyloid Deposition in Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7731-7740. [PMID: 31111400 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1625-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain is a key pathological feature of certain neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies using graph theory have shown that Aβ brain networks are of pathological significance in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the characteristics of Aβ brain networks in Parkinson's disease (PD) are unknown. In the present study using positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB), we applied a graph theory-based analysis to assess the topological properties of Aβ brain network in PD patients with and without Aβ burden (PiB-positive and PiB-negative, respectively) and healthy controls with Aβ burden. We found that the PD PiB-positive group demonstrated significantly lower value in global efficiency and modularity compared with PD PiB-negative group. The less robust modular structure indicates the tendency of having increased inter-modular connections than intra-modular connectivity (i.e., reduced segregation). Results of hub organization showed that relative to PD PiB-negative group, different hubs were identified in the PiB-positive group, which were located mainly within the default mode network. Overall, our findings suggest disturbances in Aβ topological organization characterized by abnormal network integration and segregation in PD patients with Aβ burden. The stronger inter-modular connectivity observed in the PD PiB-positive group may suggest the spreading pattern of Aβ between modules in those PD patients with elevated PiB burden, thus providing insight into the beta-amyloidopathy of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Kim
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Christine Ghadery
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sang Soo Cho
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Mihaescu
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leigh Christopher
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mikaeel Valli
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvain Houle
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antonio P Strafella
- Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Unit and E.J. Safra Parkinson Disease Program, Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Litvinenko IV, Krasakov IV, Bisaga GN, Skulyabin DI, Poltavsky ID. [Modern conception of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and therapeutic strategy]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 117:3-10. [PMID: 28980606 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2017117623-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we discuss the pathogenesis of the inflammatory and degenerative nervous system disorders on the example of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis. Common mechanisms of neurodegeneration in these diseases are reviewed. The role of neurodegeneration as the main process leading to the resistant disability of patients with multiple sclerosis is discussed. The authors consider a contribution of inflammatory process and chronic infection to the manifestation and progressing of a neurodegenerative disease and discuss the use of treatment not usually indicated including interferon, anti-inflammatory drugs, statin, vitamin D, monoclonal antibodies, correction of the intestinal microbiota in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I V Krasakov
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - G N Bisaga
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D I Skulyabin
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I D Poltavsky
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
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