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Dhalla NS, Mota KO, Elimban V, Shah AK, de Vasconcelos CML, Bhullar SK. Role of Vasoactive Hormone-Induced Signal Transduction in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Cells 2024; 13:856. [PMID: 38786079 PMCID: PMC11119949 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is the common concluding pathway for a majority of cardiovascular diseases and is associated with cardiac dysfunction. Since heart failure is invariably preceded by adaptive or maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy, several biochemical mechanisms have been proposed to explain the development of cardiac hypertrophy and progression to heart failure. One of these includes the activation of different neuroendocrine systems for elevating the circulating levels of different vasoactive hormones such as catecholamines, angiotensin II, vasopressin, serotonin and endothelins. All these hormones are released in the circulation and stimulate different signal transduction systems by acting on their respective receptors on the cell membrane to promote protein synthesis in cardiomyocytes and induce cardiac hypertrophy. The elevated levels of these vasoactive hormones induce hemodynamic overload, increase ventricular wall tension, increase protein synthesis and the occurrence of cardiac remodeling. In addition, there occurs an increase in proinflammatory cytokines and collagen synthesis for the induction of myocardial fibrosis and the transition of adaptive to maladaptive hypertrophy. The prolonged exposure of the hypertrophied heart to these vasoactive hormones has been reported to result in the oxidation of catecholamines and serotonin via monoamine oxidase as well as the activation of NADPH oxidase via angiotensin II and endothelins to promote oxidative stress. The development of oxidative stress produces subcellular defects, Ca2+-handling abnormalities, mitochondrial Ca2+-overload and cardiac dysfunction by activating different proteases and depressing cardiac gene expression, in addition to destabilizing the extracellular matrix upon activating some metalloproteinases. These observations support the view that elevated levels of various vasoactive hormones, by producing hemodynamic overload and activating their respective receptor-mediated signal transduction mechanisms, induce cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, the occurrence of oxidative stress due to the prolonged exposure of the hypertrophied heart to these hormones plays a critical role in the progression of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (V.E.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Karina O. Mota
- Department of Physiology, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristóvao 49100-000, Brazil; (K.O.M.); (C.M.L.d.V.)
| | - Vijayan Elimban
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (V.E.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Anureet K. Shah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8162, USA;
| | - Carla M. L. de Vasconcelos
- Department of Physiology, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristóvao 49100-000, Brazil; (K.O.M.); (C.M.L.d.V.)
| | - Sukhwinder K. Bhullar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (V.E.); (S.K.B.)
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He L, Zhou W, Wang L, Tang N, Wang Y, Zhong H, Tang Y, Xi D, He F. Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection Induced miR-1929-3p Down-Regulation Promotes the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Mice by Targeting Endothelin A Receptor and Downstream NLRP3 Activation Pathway. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1954-1967. [PMID: 37022597 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated in vivo that mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection promoted vascular remodeling after downregulation of miR-1929-3p. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-1929-3p/ETAR/NLRP3 pathway in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (MOVAS) after MCMV infection. First, PCR was used to detect the success of the infection. Second, MOVAS were transfected with the miR-1929-3p mimic, inhibitor, and ETAR overexpressed adenovirus vector. Cell proliferation was detected using EdU, whereas apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. The expression of miR-1929-3p and ETAR were detected using qRT-PCR. Western blot detected proteins of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 were determined using ELISA. The results revealed that after 48 h, MCMV infection promoted the proliferation of MOVAS when the MOI was 0.01. MCMV infection increased ETAR by downregulating miR-1929-3p. The miR-1929-3p mimic reversed the proliferation and apoptosis, whereas the miR-1929-3p inhibitor promoted this effect. ETAR overexpression further promoted MCMV infection by downregulating miR-1929-3p-mediated proliferation and apoptosis. MCMV infection mediates the downregulation of miR-1929-3p and the upregulation of ETAR, which activates NLRP3 inflammasome. In conclusion, MCMV infection promoted the proliferation of MOVAS, possibly by downregulating miR-1929-3p, promoting the upregulation of the target gene ETAR and activating NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases and Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases and Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lamei Wang
- Centre of Medical Functional Experiments, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases and Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjia Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases and Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases and Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Xi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases and Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases and Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Chen TA, Sharma D, Jia W, Ha D, Man K, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Kamp TJ, Zhao F. Detergent-Based Decellularization for Anisotropic Cardiac-Specific Extracellular Matrix Scaffold Generation. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:551. [PMID: 37999192 PMCID: PMC10669368 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) has become increasingly popular in tissue engineering applications due to its ability to provide tailored signals for desirable cellular responses. Anisotropic cardiac-specific ECM scaffold decellularized from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiac fibroblasts (hiPSC-CFs) mimics the native cardiac microenvironment and provides essential biochemical and signaling cues to hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of two detergent-based decellularization methods: (1) a combination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and sodium dodecyl sulfate (EDTA + SDS) and (2) a combination of sodium deoxycholate and deoxyribonuclease (SD + DNase), in preserving the composition and bioactive substances within the aligned ECM scaffold while maximumly removing cellular components. The decellularization effects were evaluated by characterizing the ECM morphology, quantifying key structural biomacromolecules, and measuring preserved growth factors. Results showed that both treatments met the standard of cell removal (less than 50 ng/mg ECM dry weight) and substantially preserved major ECM biomacromolecules and growth factors. The EDTA + SDS treatment was more time-efficient and has been determined to be a more efficient method for generating an anisotropic ECM scaffold from aligned hiPSC-CFs. Moreover, this cardiac-specific ECM has demonstrated effectiveness in supporting the alignment of hiPSC-CMs and their expression of mature structural and functional proteins in in vitro cultures, which is crucial for cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-An Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Dhavan Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Wenkai Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Donggi Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kun Man
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Yuxiao Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Timothy J. Kamp
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Asiwe JN, Ekene EN, Agbugba LC, Moke EG, Akintade AV, Ben-Azu B, Eruotor H, Daubry TME, Anachuna KK, Oyovwi MO. Ginkgo biloba supplement abates lead-induced endothelial and testicular dysfunction in Wistar rats via up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression, pituitary-testicular hormones and down-regulation of oxido-inflammatory reactions. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127216. [PMID: 37224746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptotic and oxido-inflammatory pathways have been found to be up-regulated in lead acetate poisoning which has been associated to endothelial and testicular dysfunctions. It is yet uncertain, nevertheless, if treatment with Ginkgo biloba supplements (GBS), a flavonoid-rich natural product can lessen the adverse effects of lead on endothelial and testicular functions. This study investigated the impact of Ginkgo biloba supplementation on lead-induced endothelial and testicular dysfunctions. METHODS The animals were treated with GBS (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg orally) for 14 days following oral exposure to lead acetate (25 mg/kg) for 14 days. After euthanasia, blood samples, epididymal sperm, testes, and aorta were collected. The quantities of the hormones (testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), as well as the anti-apoptotic, oxidative, nitrergic, inflammatory markers, were then determined using immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and conventional biochemical methods. RESULTS GBS reduced lead-induced oxidative stress by increasing the levels of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) in endothelium and testicular cells. Normal testicular weight was restored by GBS which also decreased endothelial endothelin-I and increased nitrite levels. TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased while Bcl-2 protein expression was enhanced. Lead-induced alterations in reproductive hormones (FSH, LH, and testosterone) were also restored to normal. CONCLUSION According to our result, using Ginkgo biloba supplement prevented lead from causing endothelial and testicular dysfunction by raising pituitary-testicular hormone levels, boosting Bcl-2 protein expression and lowering oxidative and inflammatory stress in the endothelium and testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Ndudi Asiwe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
| | - Enekabokom Nwoke Ekene
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Linda Chinyere Agbugba
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Emuesiri Goodies Moke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | | | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Harrison Eruotor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port-Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | | | - Kenneth Kelechi Anachuna
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Mega O Oyovwi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Achievers University, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria
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Novel Dual Endothelin Inhibitors in the Management of Resistant Hypertension. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030806. [PMID: 36983961 PMCID: PMC10051756 DOI: 10.3390/life13030806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistant hypertension (RH) is defined as the failure to achieve blood pressure control despite using triple combination therapy with a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RAS-i), a calcium antagonist, and a diuretic. The endothelin (ET) system is implicated in the regulation of vascular tone, primarily through vasoconstriction, intervenes in cardiac contractility with inotropic effects, and contributes to water and sodium renal reabsorption. ET inhibitors, currently approved for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, seem to be also useful for essential hypertension and RH as well. Studies into the development of new dual ET inhibitors, which inhibit both type A and B ET (ETA and ETB) receptors, present initial results of managing RH. Aprocitentan (ACT-132577) is a novel, orally active and well tolerated dual ET receptor antagonist, which has been examined in several experimental studies and clinical trials with promising results for RH control. The recent publication of the large PRECISION study in The Lancet journal provides further reassurance regarding the efficacy and safety of aprocitentan for RH, with the aim of overcoming unmet needs in the management of this difficult group of patients.
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Asiwe JN, Kolawole TA, Ben-Azu B, Ajayi AM, Ojetola AA, Moke EG, Nwangwa EK. Up-regulation of B-cell lymphoma factor-2 expression, inhibition of oxidative stress and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in the protective effect of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) juice in lead-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127014. [PMID: 35653936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxido-inflammatory stress and dysregulation of nitric oxide (NO) system has been implicated in lead toxicity. Cabbage is an antioxidant-rich household vegetable with plethora of therapeutic potentials. The present study investigated the anti-oxido-inflammatory activity of cabbage in lead-induced endothelial dysfunction. METHODS Twenty (20) male Wistar rats were selected into four groups (n = 5) and treated with distilled water (1 mL/100 g b.wt), lead acetate (25 mg/kg b.wt), cabbage juice (1 mL/100 g b.wt) and lead acetate (25 mg/kg b.wt) plus cabbage juice (1 mL/100 g b.wt) respectively. Treatment was done orally for 28 days, thereafter, oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, GSH, and MDA), inflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) and apoptotic (Bcl-2) markers were assayed using standard biochemical assays as well as histoarchitectural study of the endothelium. RESULTS The results showed that they were significant increase in MDA, ET-1, TNF-α and IL-6 while SOD, GSH, CAT, NO and Bcl-2 protein expression were decreased in Lead exposed animals. Endothelial histoarchitecture was also altered. Following Cabbage juice treatment, MDA, ET-I, TNF-α and IL-6 were down-regulated while SOD, GSH, CAT, NO and Bcl-2 protein expression were up-regulated. Histoarchitecture was significantly recovered. CONCLUSION The study suggests that cabbage juice could mitigates Lead-induced endothelial dysfunction by modulating oxido-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mediators. DATA AVAILABILITY All data are available upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Ndudi Asiwe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Tolunigba Abisola Kolawole
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Emuesiri Goodies Moke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Eze Kingsley Nwangwa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
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Sadeghian Chaleshtori S, Mokhber Dezfouli MR, Najizadeh MH, Nikbakht Borujeni GR. Measurement of
ANP
,
BNP
and endothelin‐1 concentrations in jumping horses with heart valvular regurgitation and their correlation with the dimensions of heart structures. EQUINE VET EDUC 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirous Sadeghian Chaleshtori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran
- Institute of Biomedical Research University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mokhber Dezfouli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran
- Institute of Biomedical Research University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | | | - Golam Reza Nikbakht Borujeni
- Institute of Biomedical Research University of Tehran Tehran Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran
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LAZUROVA Z, HABALOVA V, MITRO P. Association of Polymorphisms in Endothelin-1 and Endothelin Receptor A Genes With Vasovagal Syncope. Physiol Res 2022; 71:93-101. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelin system may play a role in the pathogenesis of vasovagal syncope (VVS) because it is implicated in blood pressure regulation. We hypothesized that endothelin-related genetic polymorphisms might modulate susceptibility to VVS. This study aimed to evaluate the possible influence of endothelin-1 (EDN1) and endothelin receptor A (EDNRA) gene variants on the occurrence of tilt-induced VVS and autonomic nervous system activity during the head-up tilt test (HUT). Results were expressed as mean ± SEM. In 254 patients with recurrent syncope (age 45.33±1.22 years, 94 males, 160 females), heart rate variability (HRV) was measured during HUT. EDN1 rs5370 G>T and EDNRA rs5333 T>C gene polymorphisms were assessed using high-resolution melting analysis. There was no statistically significant association between polymorphisms EDN1 rs5370 and EDNRA rs5333 and positivity of HUT or hemodynamic types of VVS. Patients with GT or TT genotypes at the rs5370 locus of the EDN1 had significantly higher values of high-frequency (HF) and the standard deviation of the average NN intervals at the time of the syncope, and they tended to have lower low-frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio when compared to homozygotes (GG). No statistically significant differences were found in HRV parameters concerning the EDNRA rs5333 genotypes. Our findings suggest the potential role of EDN1 rs5370 variants in regulating autonomic nervous activity and pathogenesis of VVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z LAZUROVA
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of University of P.J. Safarik, Kosice, Slovak, Republic
| | - V HABALOVA
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty of University of P.J. Safarik, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - P MITRO
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty of University of P.J. Safarik, Kosice, Slovak Republic
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Hu W, Wu X, Jin Z, Wang Z, Guo Q, Chen Z, Zhu S, Zhang H, Huo J, Zhang L, Zhou X, Yang L, Xu H, Shi L, Wang Y. Andrographolide Promotes Interaction Between Endothelin-Dependent EDNRA/EDNRB and Myocardin-SRF to Regulate Pathological Vascular Remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:783872. [PMID: 35127859 PMCID: PMC8810813 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.783872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pathological vascular remodeling is a hallmark of various vascular diseases. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic switching plays a pivotal role during pathological vascular remodeling. The mechanism of how to regulate SMC phenotypic switching still needs to be defined. This study aims to investigate the effect of Andrographolide, a key principle isolated from Andrographis paniculate, on pathological vascular remodeling and its underlying mechanism. Methods A C57/BL6 mouse left carotid artery complete ligation model and rat SMCs were used to determine whether Andrographolide is critical in regulating SMC phenotypic switching. Quantitative real-time PCR, a CCK8 cell proliferation assay, BRDU incorporation assay, Boyden chamber migration assay, and spheroid sprouting assay were performed to evaluate whether Andrographolide suppresses SMC proliferation and migration. Immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence staining, and protein co-immunoprecipitation were used to observe the interaction between EDNRA, EDNRB, and Myocardin-SRF. Results Andrographolide inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in the left carotid artery complete ligation model. Andrographolide regulates SMC phenotypic switching characterized by suppressing proliferation and migration. Andrographolide activates the endothelin signaling pathway exhibited by dramatically inducing EDNRA and EDNRB expression. The interaction between EDNRA/EDNRB and Myocardin-SRF resulted in promoting SMC differentiation marker gene expression. Conclusion Andrographolide plays a critical role in regulating pathological vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangming Hu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiru Guo
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zixian Chen
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Zhu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haidi Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Huo
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangqing Shi
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Wang ;
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Satta E, Alfarone C, De Maio A, Gentile S, Romano C, Polverino M, Polverino F. Kidney and lung in pathology: mechanisms and clinical implications. Multidiscip Respir Med 2022; 17:819. [PMID: 35127080 PMCID: PMC8791019 DOI: 10.4081/mrm.2022.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a close, physiological, relationship between kidney and lung that begin in the fetal age, and is aimed to keep homeostatic balance in the body. From a pathological point of view, the kidneys could be damaged by inflammatory mediators or by immune-mediated factors linked to a primary lung disease or, conversely, it could be the kidney disease that causes lung damage. Non-immunological mechanisms are frequently involved in renal and pulmonary diseases, as observed in chronic conditions. This crosstalk have clinical and therapeutic consequences. This review aims to describe the pulmonary-renal link in physiology and in pathological conditions.
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Yan W, Dai W, Cheng J, Fan Y, Wu T, Zhao F, Zhang J, Hu X, Ao Y. Advances in the Mechanisms Affecting Meniscal Avascular Zone Repair and Therapies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:758217. [PMID: 34778268 PMCID: PMC8581462 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.758217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Injuries to menisci are the most common disease among knee joint-related morbidities and cover a widespread population ranging from children and the general population to the old and athletes. Repair of the injuries in the meniscal avascular zone remains a significant challenge due to the limited intrinsic healing capacity compared to the peripheral vascularized zone. The current surgical strategies for avascular zone injuries remain insufficient to prevent the development of cartilage degeneration and the ultimate emergence of osteoarthritis (OA). Due to the drawbacks of current surgical methods, the research interest has been transferred toward facilitating meniscal avascular zone repair, where it is expected to maintain meniscal tissue integrity, prevent secondary cartilage degeneration and improve knee joint function, which is consistent with the current prevailing management idea to maintain the integrity of meniscal tissue whenever possible. Biological augmentations have emerged as an alternative to current surgical methods for meniscal avascular zone repair. However, understanding the specific biological mechanisms that affect meniscal avascular zone repair is critical for the development of novel and comprehensive biological augmentations. For this reason, this review firstly summarized the current surgical techniques, including meniscectomies and meniscal substitution. We then discuss the state-of-the-art biological mechanisms, including vascularization, inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation and cellular component that were associated with meniscal avascular zone healing and the advances in therapeutic strategies. Finally, perspectives for the future biological augmentations for meniscal avascular zone injuries will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Yan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Dai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Fan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
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Wang Q, Yang A, Sun F, Zhang M, Xu X, Gao B. Correlation between retinal vascular parameters and cystatin C in patients with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:1395-1401. [PMID: 34019155 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the relationship between retinal vascular parameters and cystatin C in patients with type 2 diabetes in northwestern China. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 1689 patients with type 2 diabetes. A validated fully automated computer program was used to extract retinal vascular parameters from the entire vascular tree. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between these vascular measurements and cystatin C. RESULTS For retinal vascular geometrical measurements, smaller arteriolar fractal dimension was related to high cystatin C after adjusting for multiple variables (odds ratio [OR] 0.149, 95% CI 0.042-0.532). For retinal vascular caliber measurements, narrower central and middle arteriolar calibers were related to high cystatin C after adjusting for multiple variables (central: OR 0.922, 95% CI 0.886-0.960; middle: OR 0.940, 95% CI 0.901-0.981). Wider central, middle and peripheral venular calibers were associated with high cystatin C after adjusting for multiple variables (central: OR 1.058, 95% CI 1.003-1.117; middle: OR 1.094, 95% CI 1.040-1.150; peripheral: OR 1.075, 95% CI 1.023-1.130). CONCLUSIONS Multiple retinal vascular geometrical and caliber measurements are associated with cystatin C in type 2 diabetic patients. Further studies are needed to explore whether these retinal vascular changes can predict the incidence and progress of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Maiye Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiayu Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China.
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Early adaptive chromatin remodeling events precede pathologic phenotypes and are reinforced in the failing heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 160:73-86. [PMID: 34273410 PMCID: PMC9181638 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The temporal nature of chromatin structural changes underpinning pathologic transcription are poorly understood. We measured chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation to study the contribution of chromatin remodeling at different stages of cardiac hypertrophy and failure. ATAC-seq and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing were performed in cardiac myocytes after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or depletion of the chromatin structural protein CTCF. Early compensation to pressure overload showed changes in chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation preferentially localized to intergenic and intronic regions. Most methylation and accessibility changes observed in enhancers and promoters at the late phase (3 weeks after TAC) were established at an earlier time point (3 days after TAC), before heart failure manifests. Enhancers were paired with genes based on chromatin conformation capture data: while enhancer accessibility generally correlated with changes in gene expression, this feature, nor DNA methylation, was alone sufficient to predict transcription of all enhancer interacting genes. Enrichment of transcription factors and active histone marks at these regions suggests that enhancer activity coordinates with other epigenetic factors to determine gene transcription. In support of this hypothesis, ChIP-qPCR demonstrated increased enhancer and promoter occupancy of GATA4 and NKX2.5 at Itga9 and Nppa, respectively, concomitant with increased transcription of these genes in the diseased heart. Lastly, we demonstrate that accessibility and DNA methylation are imperfect predictors of chromatin structure at the scale of A/B compartmentalization-rather, accessibility, DNA methylation, transcription factors and other histone marks work within these domains to determine gene expression. These studies establish that chromatin reorganization during early compensation after pathologic stimuli is maintained into the later decompensatory phases of heart failure. The findings reveal the rules for how local chromatin features govern gene expression in the context of global genomic structure and identify chromatin remodeling events for therapeutic targeting in disease.
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Aronov M, Allon R, Stave D, Belkin M, Margalit E, Fabian ID, Rosenzweig B. Retinal Vascular Signs as Screening and Prognostic Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11070665. [PMID: 34357132 PMCID: PMC8307097 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The substantial burden of kidney disease fosters interest in new ways of screening for early disease diagnosis, especially by non-invasive imaging. Increasing evidence for an association between retinal microvascular signs and kidney disease prompted us to investigate the relevant current literature on such an association systematically by performing a meta-analysis of our findings. METHODS We scrutinized the current literature by searching PubMed and Embase databases from for clinical studies of the association between retinal microvascular signs and prevalent or incident kidney disease. After excluding cases that did not meet our criteria, we extracted relevant data from 42 published studies (9 prospective, 32 cross-sectional, and 1 retrospective). RESULTS Our investigation yielded significant associations between retinal vascular changes (including retinopathy and retinal vascular diameter) and kidney dysfunction (including chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), albuminuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline). According to our meta-analysis, retinopathy was associated with ESRD (hazard ratio (HR) 2.12 (95% confidence interval CI; 1.39-3.22)) and with CKD prevalence in the general population (odds ratio (OR) 1.31 (95% CI; 1.14-1.50)), and specifically in type 2 diabetic patients (OR 1.68 (95% CI; 1.68-2.16)). CRAE was associated with prevalent CKD (OR 1.41 (95% CI; 1.09-1.82)). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the retinal microvasculature can provide essential data about concurrent kidney disease status and predict future risk for kidney disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Aronov
- SPRING Biomed Vision Ltd. 8, Haneviim St., Haifa 3350109, Israel; (R.A.); (D.S.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-77-2009796
| | - Raviv Allon
- SPRING Biomed Vision Ltd. 8, Haneviim St., Haifa 3350109, Israel; (R.A.); (D.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Danielle Stave
- SPRING Biomed Vision Ltd. 8, Haneviim St., Haifa 3350109, Israel; (R.A.); (D.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Michael Belkin
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (M.B.); (I.D.F.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Eyal Margalit
- SPRING Biomed Vision Ltd. 8, Haneviim St., Haifa 3350109, Israel; (R.A.); (D.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Ido Didi Fabian
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (M.B.); (I.D.F.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Barak Rosenzweig
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Department of Urology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel;
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Borovac JA, D'Amario D, Bozic J, Glavas D. Sympathetic nervous system activation and heart failure: Current state of evidence and the pathophysiology in the light of novel biomarkers. World J Cardiol 2020; 12:373-408. [PMID: 32879702 PMCID: PMC7439452 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i8.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by the activation of at least several neurohumoral pathways that have a common role in maintaining cardiac output and adequate perfusion pressure of target organs and tissues. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is upregulated in HF as evident in dysfunctional baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, circulating and neuronal catecholamine spillover, attenuated parasympathetic response, and augmented sympathetic outflow to the heart, kidneys and skeletal muscles. When these sympathoexcitatory effects on the cardiovascular system are sustained chronically they initiate the vicious circle of HF progression and become associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis, maladaptive ventricular and vascular remodeling, arrhythmogenesis, and poor prognosis in patients with HF. These detrimental effects of SNS activity on outcomes in HF warrant adequate diagnostic and treatment modalities. Therefore, this review summarizes basic physiological concepts about the interaction of SNS with the cardiovascular system and highlights key pathophysiological mechanisms of SNS derangement in HF. Finally, special emphasis in this review is placed on the integrative and up-to-date overview of diagnostic modalities such as SNS imaging methods and novel laboratory biomarkers that could aid in the assessment of the degree of SNS activation and provide reliable prognostic information among patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josip Anđelo Borovac
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia
- Working Group on Heart Failure of Croatian Cardiac Society, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Domenico D'Amario
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Duska Glavas
- Working Group on Heart Failure of Croatian Cardiac Society, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital of Split, Split 21000, Croatia
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Phytosterols Supplementation Reduces Endothelin-1 Plasma Concentration in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Individuals Independently of Their Cholesterol-Lowering Properties. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051507. [PMID: 32455866 PMCID: PMC7284494 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the effect of phytosterols (PS) on reducing plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c, but the effects of plant sterols beyond cholesterol-lowering are still questionable. Since inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PS on biomarkers involved in atherosclerosis progression and whether these effects are independent of alterations in plasma LDL-c levels. Thirty-eight moderately hypercholesterolemic volunteers (58 ± 12 years; LDL-c ≥ 130 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to consume 400 mL/day of soy milk or soy milk + PS (1.6 g/day) for 4 weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Blood samples were collected and lipid profiles and biomarkers for inflammation and endothelial dysfunction determined. The results showed that PS treatment reduced endothelin-1 plasma concentration by 11% (p = 0.02) independently of variations in plasma levels of LDL-c. No alterations were observed regarding fibrinogen, IL-6, hs-CRP, SAA, TNFα, or VCAM-1 between placebo and PS-treated groups. Furthermore, PS reduced total plasma cholesterol concentration (−5,5%, p < 0.001), LDL-c (−6.4%, p < 0.05), triglycerides (−8.3%, p < 0.05), and apo B (−5.3%, p < 0.05), without changing HDL-c concentration (p > 0.05). Therefore, PS supplementation effectively lowers endothelin-1 independently of the reductions in plasma levels of LDL-c, contributing to the comprehension of the effect of plant sterols on endothelial function and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Fan S, Zhang J, Xiao Q, Liu P, Zhang Y, Yao E, Chen X. Cardioprotective effect of the polysaccharide from Ophiopogon japonicus on isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:233-240. [PMID: 31923517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The polysaccharide (OJP1), extracted from the root of Ophiopogon japonicus, is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used to treat cardiovascular diseases. The present study was set up to investigate the cardioprotective effect of OJP1 on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia injury in rats. Results showed that pretreatment with OJP1 (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) significantly reduced ISO-induced ST-segment elevation and the heart index, attenuated the levels of marker enzymes (AST, LDH, CK and CK-MB), along with a significantly enhanced the activities of ATPases. Moreover, pretreatment with OJP1 not only enhanced the activities of SOD, GPx and CAT in serum and myocardium, but also decreased the level of MDA. The biochemical and histopathological analysis also showed that OJP1 can alleviate the myocardial injury induced by ISO. Taken together, our results indicated that oral administration of OJP1 offered significant cardioprotective effect against the damage induced by ISO through enhancement of endogenous antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairong Fan
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Enze Yao
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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18
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Zhito AV, Iusupova AO, Privalova EV, Khabarova NV, Belenkov YN. Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction: E-selectin, Endothelin-1 and von Willebrand Factor in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease, Including in Combination with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-6-892-899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) in Russia and in the world continues to increase. Despite the prevention and optimization of therapy, CHD retains its leadership among all causes of death, and the mortality rate from type 2 diabetes and its complications gradually increases too. To improve the treatment of the above mentioned diseases, it is necessary to clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms of their development. The formation of endothelial dysfunction, characterized by an increase in the level of cell adhesion molecules and vasoconstriction, is a common link characteristic for the course and progression of CHD and type 2 diabetes. This article presents an analysis of preand clinical studies on the role of endothelial dysfunction markers: cell adhesion molecules (E-selectin), vasoconstriction (endothelin-1) and von Willebrand factor in patients with CHD, including those with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Zhito
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - A. O. Iusupova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - E. V. Privalova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - N. V. Khabarova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - Yu. N. Belenkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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Lee S, Ganesan R, Krüger-Genge A, Kratz K, Franke RP, Lendlein A, Jung F. Substrate-enzyme affinity-based surface modification strategy for endothelial cell-specific binding under shear stress. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 75:85-98. [PMID: 31884458 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Establishing an endothelial cell (EC) monolayer on top of the blood contacting surface of grafts is considered to be a promising approach for creating a hemocompatible surface. Here we utilized the high affinity interactions between the EC plasma membrane expressed enzyme called endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) and its corresponding substrate big Endothelin-1 (bigET-1) to engineer an EC-specific binding surface. Since enzymatic cleavage of substrates require physical interaction between the enzyme and its corresponding substrate, it was hypothesized that a surface with chemically immobilized synthetic bigET-1 will preferentially attract ECs over other types of cells found in vascular system such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). First, the expression of ECE-1 was significantly higher in ECs, and ECs processed synthetic bigET-1 to produce ET-1 in a cell number-dependent manner. Such interaction between ECs and synthetic bigET-1 was also detectible in blood. Next, vinyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were established, oxidized and activated on a glass substrate as a model to immobilize synthetic bigET-1 via amide bonds. The ECs cultured on the synthetic bigET-1-immobilized surface processed larger amount of synthetic bigET-1 to produce ET-1 compared to VSMCs (102.9±5.13 vs. 9.75±0.74 pg/ml). The number of ECs bound to the synthetic bigET-1-immobilized surface during 1 h of shearing (5dyne/cm2) was approximately 3-fold higher than that of VSMCs (46.25±12.61 vs. 15.25±3.69 cells/100×HPF). EC-specific binding of synthetic bigET-1-immobilized surface over a surface modified with collagen, a common substance for cell adhesion, was also observed. The present study demonstrated that using the substrate-enzyme affinity (SEA) of cell type-specific enzyme and its corresponding substrate can be an effective method to engineer a surface preferentially binds specific type of cells. This novel strategy might open a new route toward rapid endothelialization under dynamic conditions supporting the long-term patency of cardiovascular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seahyoung Lee
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Ramakrishnan Ganesan
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Anne Krüger-Genge
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Karl Kratz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Ralf-Peter Franke
- Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
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Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease commonly is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. There are traditional common risk factors for both conditions including hypertension and poor glycemic control. However, it is likely that there are other pathophysiological mechanisms that explain the clinical phenomenon of increased cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients with chronic kidney and vice versa. Current management of both conditions includes aggressive glucose and blood pressure control. The protective role of treating dyslipidemia has been shown for cardiovascular disease, but the results for renal disease are not as clear. The advent of new classes of glucose-lowering agents such as sodium glucose co-transporter2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists has resulted in impressive effects on both cardiovascular and renal disease in diabetes. However, how these drugs act independently of glucose lowering to confer both kidney and cardiovascular protection has not been fully elucidated. Nevertheless, these new treatments provide optimism for reducing both microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes, which represent the major causes of morbidity and premature mortality in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Maqbool
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Patočka J, Měrka V, Hrdina V, Hrdina R. Endothelins and Sarafotoxins: Peptides of Similar Structure and Different Function. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2019. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2018.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Endothelins are endogenous vasoactive peptides that are considered among the most potent vasoconstrictor substances known. In addition to their vascular effects, endothelins and their receptors have been shown to be present in many organs and share plenty physiological and pathophysiological functions. Sarafotoxins are natural substances from the venom of snakes genus Atractaspis, structurally and pharmacologically near to endothelins. The current minireview focuses on the chemical and molecular aspects of endothelins and sarafotoxins, and their receptors in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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22
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of kidney fibrosis. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 65:16-36. [PMID: 29909119 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the final pathological process common to any ongoing, chronic kidney injury or maladaptive repair. It is considered as the underlying pathological process of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which affects more than 10% of world population and for which treatment options are limited. Renal fibrosis is defined by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, which disrupts and replaces the functional parenchyma that leads to organ failure. Kidney's histological structure can be divided into three main compartments, all of which can be affected by fibrosis, specifically termed glomerulosclerosis in glomeruli, interstitial fibrosis in tubulointerstitium and arteriosclerosis and perivascular fibrosis in vasculature. In this review, we summarized the different appearance, cellular origin and major emerging processes and mediators of fibrosis in each compartment. We also depicted and discussed the challenges in translation of anti-fibrotic treatment to clinical practice and discuss possible solutions and future directions.
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Wang D, Uhrin P, Mocan A, Waltenberger B, Breuss JM, Tewari D, Mihaly-Bison J, Huminiecki Ł, Starzyński RR, Tzvetkov NT, Horbańczuk J, Atanasov AG. Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation as a therapeutic target. Part 1: molecular targets and pathways. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1586-1607. [PMID: 29684502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of human death worldwide. Excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells contributes to the etiology of such diseases, including atherosclerosis, restenosis, and pulmonary hypertension. The control of vascular cell proliferation is complex and encompasses interactions of many regulatory molecules and signaling pathways. Herein, we recapitulated the importance of signaling cascades relevant for the regulation of vascular cell proliferation. Detailed understanding of the mechanism underlying this process is essential for the identification of new lead compounds (e.g., natural products) for vascular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 14, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Gheorghe Marinescu 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes M Breuss
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, 263136 Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Judit Mihaly-Bison
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Łukasz Huminiecki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Rafał R Starzyński
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany; NTZ Lab Ltd., Krasno Selo 198, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jarosław Horbańczuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) induces hypertension after transplantation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was found to have hypotensive/vasoprotective effects in the cardiovascular system. The present study aims to investigate the role of H2S on CsA-induced vascular function disorder in rats. Rats were subcutaneously injected with CsA 25 mg/kg for 21 days. Blood pressure was measured by the tail-cuff method. Vasomotion was determined using a sensitive myograph. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to quantify the protein expression of endothelin type A (ETA) receptor and essential MAPK pathway molecules. Vascular superoxide anion production and serum contents of malondialdehyde were determined. The results showed that sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a H2S donor, significantly attenuated the increase of blood pressure and contractile responses, and the upregulation of ETA receptor induced by CsA. In addition, NaHS could restore the CsA decreased acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation. Furthermore, NaHS blocked the CsA-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species level, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 MAPK activities. In conclusion, H2S prevents CsA-induced vasomotor dysfunction. H2S attenuates CsA-induced ETA receptor upregulation, which may be associated with MAPK signal pathways. H2S ameliorates endothelial-dependent relaxation, which may be through antioxidant activity.
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Liu H, Li K, Su X. Homocysteine up-regulates ET B receptors via suppression of autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells. Microvasc Res 2018; 119:13-21. [PMID: 29601873 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The change of autophagy is implicated in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Homocysteine (Hcy) up-regulates endothelin type B (ETB) receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, it is unclear whether autophagy is involved in Hcy-induced-up-regulation of ETB receptors in VSMCs. The present study was designed to examine the hypothesis that Hcy up-regulates ETB receptors by inhibiting autophagy in VSMCs. Hcy treated the rat superior mesenteric artery (SMA) without endothelium in the presence and absence of AICAR, rapamycin or MHY1485 for 24 h. The contractile responses to sarafotoxin 6c (S6c) (an ETB receptor agonist) were studied using a sensitive myograph. Levels of protein expression were determined using Western blot analysis. Punctate staining of LC3B was exanimated by immunofluorescence using confocal microscopy. The results showed that Hcy inhibited AMPK, and activated mTOR, followed by impairing autophagy, and increased the levels of ETB receptor protein expression and the ETB receptor-mediated contractile responses to S6c in SMA without endothelium. However, these effects were reversed by AICAR or rapamycin. Additionally, MHY1485 up-regulated the AICAR-inhibited ETB receptor-mediated contractile response and the levels of ETB receptor protein expression in presence of Hcy. In conclusion, this suggested that Hcy up-regulated ETB receptors by inhibiting autophagy in VSMCs via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ke Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xingli Su
- School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
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Cunningham MW, Castillo J, Ibrahim T, Cornelius DC, Campbell N, Amaral L, Vaka VR, Usry N, Williams JM, LaMarca B. AT1-AA (Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Agonistic Autoantibody) Blockade Prevents Preeclamptic Symptoms in Placental Ischemic Rats. Hypertension 2018; 71:886-893. [PMID: 29555668 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Women with preeclampsia produce AT1-AA (agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin II type 1 receptor), which stimulate reactive oxygen species, inflammatory factors, and hypertensive mechanisms (ET [endothelin] and sFlt-1 [soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1]) in rodent models of preeclampsia. The placental ischemic reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of preeclampsia exhibits many of these features. In this study, we examined the maternal outcomes of AT1-AA inhibition ('n7AAc') in RUPP rats. Blood pressure was higher in RUPP rats versus normal pregnant (NP) rats (123±2 versus 99±2 mm Hg, P<0.05), which was reduced in RUPP+'n7AAc' (105±3 versus 123±2 mm Hg, P<0.05 versus RUPP). Uterine artery resistant index was increased in RUPP versus NP rats (0.71±0.02 versus 0.49±0.02, P<0.05) and normalized in RUPP+'n7AAc' rats (0.55±0.03). Antiangiogenic factor sFlt-1 was elevated in RUPP versus NP rats (176±37 versus 77±15 pg/mL, P<0.05) but normalized in RUPP+'n7AAc' (86±9, P=0.05 versus RUPP). Plasma nitrate and nitrite were decreased (14±1 versus 20±1 µMNO3, P<0.05) and isoprostanes were elevated (20 117±6304 versus 2809±1375 pg/mL, P<0.05) in RUPP versus NP rats; and normalized in RUPP+'n7AAc' rats; (18±2 µMNO3; 4311±1 pg/mL). PPET-1 (preproendothelin-1) expression increased 4-fold in RUPP versus NP rats which were prevented with 'n7AAc'. Importantly, placental cytolytic natural killer cells were elevated in RUPP versus NP rats (8±2% versus 2±2% gated, P<0.05), which was prevented in RUPP+'n7AAc' total (3±1% gated, P<0.05) In conclusion, AT1-AA inhibition prevents the rise in maternal blood pressure and several pathophysiological factors associated with preeclampsia in RUPP rats and could be a potential therapy for preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Cunningham
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Javier Castillo
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Tarek Ibrahim
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Denise C Cornelius
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Nathan Campbell
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Lorena Amaral
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Venkata Ramana Vaka
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Nathan Usry
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Jan M Williams
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.W.C., T.I., D.C.C., N.C., L.A., V.R.V., N.U., J.M.W., B.L.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.C., B.L.), and Emergency Medicine (D.C.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.
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Lin HC, Su SL, Lin WC, Lin AH, Yang YC, Lii CK, Chen HW. Andrographolide inhibits hypoxia-induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and endothelin 1 expression through the heme oxygenase 1/CO/cGMP/MKP-5 pathways in EA.hy926 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:269-279. [PMID: 29165873 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide is a potent anti-inflammatory agent found in Andrographis paniculata. Endothelin 1 (ET-1) is an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor with pro-inflammatory properties secreted in response to hypoxia. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 5 (MKP-5) is a dual-specificity phosphatase that dephosphorylates threonine and tyrosine residues of MAPKs. We showed previously that hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression and ET-1 secretion are dependent on p38 MAPK in EA.hy926 cells. Here, we investigate what role MKP-5 plays in andrographolide's inhibition of hypoxia-induced expression of HIF-1α and ET-1. Hypoxic conditions were created using the hypoxia-mimetic agent CoCl2 . Andrographolide enhanced HO-1 and MKP-5 expression and cellular cGMP content in addition to inhibiting hypoxia-induced ROS generation. Concomitantly, the HO-1 byproduct CO and the cGMP analogue 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cGMP) increased MKP-5 expression, and pretreatment with CO and 8-Br-cGMP inhibited hypoxia-induced HIF-1α and ET-1 expression. Transfection of HO-1 siRNA or pretreatment with the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP-9 or 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, a specific inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase, reduced andrographolide-induced MKP-5 expression. Moreover, silencing MKP-5 or treatment with the phosphatase inhibitor vanadate abrogated andrographolide's suppressing hypoxia-induced p38 MAPK activation and HIF-1α expression. The inhibition of hypoxia-induced HIF-1α and ET-1 expression by andrographolide is likely associated with HO-1/CO/cGMP/MKP-5 pathways, which is involved in inhibiting hypoxia-induced p38 MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chih Lin
- Division of Neonatology, College of Medicine, Children's Hospital of China Medical University and China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of China Medical University and China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Li Su
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chen Yang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Kuei Lii
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Wen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Skrzypecki J, Grabska-Liberek I, Przybek J, Ufnal M. A common humoral background of intraocular and arterial blood pressure dysregulation. Curr Med Res Opin 2018; 34:521-529. [PMID: 29219620 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2017.1415203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been postulated that intraocular pressure, an important glaucoma risk factor, correlates positively with arterial blood pressure (blood pressure). However, results of experimental and clinical studies are often contradictory. It is hypothesized that, in some hypertensive patients, disturbances in intraocular pressure regulation may depend on biological effects of blood borne hormones underlying a particular type of hypertension, rather than on blood pressure level itself. REVIEW This review compares the effects of hormones on blood pressure and intraocular pressure, in order to identify a hormonal profile of hypertensive patients with an increased risk of intraocular pressure surge. The PUBMED database was searched to identify pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the role of angiotensin II, vasopressin, adrenaline, noradrenaline, prostaglandins, and gaseous transmitters in the regulation of blood pressure and intraocular pressure. RESULTS Studies included in the review suggest that intraocular and blood pressures often follow a different pattern of response to the same hormone. For example, vasopressin increases blood pressure, but decreases intraocular pressure. In contrast, high level of nitric oxide decreases blood pressure, but increases intraocular pressure. CONCLUSIONS Arterial hypertension is associated with altered levels of blood borne hormones. Contradicting results of studies on the relationship between arterial hypertension and intraocular pressure might be partially explained by diverse effects of hormones on arterial and intraocular pressures. Further studies are needed to evaluate if hormonal profiling may help to identify glaucoma-prone patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Skrzypecki
- a Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Medical Center for Postgraduate Education , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Iwona Grabska-Liberek
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Medical Center for Postgraduate Education , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Joanna Przybek
- c Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw , Poland
| | - Marcin Ufnal
- a Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
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29
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Williams LB, Adesida AB. Angiogenic approaches to meniscal healing. Injury 2018; 49:467-472. [PMID: 29395218 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Meniscal injuries commonly result in osteoarthritis causing long term morbidity, lifelong treatment, joint replacement and significant financial burden to the Canadian healthcare system. Injuries to the outer third of the meniscus often heal well due to adequate blood supply. Healing of injuries in the inner two thirds of the meniscus are often critically retarded due to a lack of blood flow necessitating partial meniscectomy in many instances. Localized angiogenesis in the inner meniscus has yet to be achieved despite a belief that vascularization of these lesions corresponds with meniscal healing. This review briefly summarizes the growth factors that have been assessed for a role in meniscal healing and points to a significant knowledge gap in our understanding of meniscal healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn B Williams
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Adetola B Adesida
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Zhang Q, Tian P, Zhai M, Lei X, Yang Z, Liu Y, Liu M, Huang H, Zhang X, Yang X, Zhao Y, Meng Z. Formaldehyde regulates vascular tensions through nitric oxide-cGMP signaling pathway and ion channels. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:60-73. [PMID: 29126066 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) has been linked to the detrimental cardiovascular effects. Here, we explored the effects and mechanisms of FA on rat aortas both in vivo and in vitro. The results presented that FA evidently lowered the blood pressures of rats. The expression levels of BKCa subunits α and β1 and iNOS of the aortas were up-regulated by FA in vivo. However, FA markedly reduced the levels of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3, which are the subunits of L-Ca2+ channel. Furthermore, the contents of NO, cGMP and iNOS in the aortas were augmented by FA. To further confirm these findings, the mechanisms accredited to these effects were examined in vitro. The data showed that FA contracted the isolated aortic rings at low concentrations (<300 μM), while it relaxed the rings at high concentrations (>500 μM). The FA-induced vasoconstriction at low concentrations was blocked partly by an inhibitor of ACE. The relaxation caused by FA at high concentrations was attenuated by the inhibitors of NO-cGMP pathway, L-Ca2+ channel and BKCa channel, respectively. Similarly, the expression of iNOS was strongly enhanced by FA in vitro. The effects of FA on the aortic rings with endothelium were significantly greater than those on the rings without endothelium. Our results indicate that the vasoconstriction of FA at low concentrations might be partially pertinent to endothelin, and the FA-caused vasorelaxation at high concentrations is possibly associated with the NO-cGMP pathway, L-Ca2+ channel and BKCa channel. This study will improve our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms for FA-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxi Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Peiru Tian
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhai
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaodong Lei
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiri Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Yun Zhao
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ziqiang Meng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Barta T, Tosaki A, Haines D, Balla G, Lekli I, Tosaki A. Endothelin-1-induced hypertrophic alterations and heme oxygenase-1 expression in cardiomyoblasts are counteracted by beta estradiol: in vitro and in vivo studies. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:371-383. [PMID: 29354880 PMCID: PMC5851684 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor normally active in maintaining vascular tone, may mediate significant pathogenic effects, contributing to several serious diseases when aberrantly expressed or regulated. The present study evaluates the capacity of ET-1 to affect endothelin-1-associated hypertrophic activity and decreased expression of heme oxygenase-1 by H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts in vitro, corresponding to in vivo processes underlying cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Beta estradiol (β-E) is tested for its capacity to alter the effects of ET-1. H9c2 cells, cultured 48 h, were stimulated with 100-10,000 nM of ET-1 and evaluated for changes in cell size, cell viability, and expression of the cytoprotective heat shock protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), with 200 nM of β-E included in selected cultures to evaluate its effect on ET-1-mediated changes. The application of 100 to 10,000 nM of ET-1 resulted in a significant increase in average cell size and decreases in both cell viability and HO-1 protein content (p < 0.05). Moreover, 200 nM of β-E was observed to significantly counteract these effects by cardiomyoblasts stimulated with 1000 nM of ET-1 (p < 0.05). Sprague-Dawley rats treated intravenously with 1000 ng/kg of ET-1 demonstrated reduced HO-1 expression in peripheral blood and left ventricular tissue, which was counteracted by injection of 200 ng/kg β-E-demonstrating a possible correspondence between in vitro and in vivo effects. An outcome of particular value for clinical use of β-E, in the management of cardiac hypertrophy, is the observed capacity of the drug to abate ET-1-mediated suppression of HO-1 expression. It has been previously demonstrated that HO-1 inducers exhibit potent cardioprotective properties, thus offering the promise of combining them with β-E, allowing lower effective dosage of the drug and concomitantly lower adverse side effects associated with its clinical use. Major findings of this investigation are that pretreatment of cardiomyoblasts with β-E inhibited their hypertrophic response to ET-1 and counteracts the decrease of cell viability. These effects were associated with a restoration of HO-1 protein expression in both under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunde Barta
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt., 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Agnes Tosaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt., 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - David Haines
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt., 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Balla
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Istvan Lekli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt., 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Arpad Tosaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt., 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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Polverino F, Celli BR, Owen CA. COPD as an endothelial disorder: endothelial injury linking lesions in the lungs and other organs? (2017 Grover Conference Series). Pulm Circ 2018; 8:2045894018758528. [PMID: 29468936 PMCID: PMC5826015 DOI: 10.1177/2045894018758528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic expiratory airflow obstruction that is not fully reversible. COPD patients develop varying degrees of emphysema, small and large airway disease, and various co-morbidities. It has not been clear whether these co-morbidities share common underlying pathogenic processes with the pulmonary lesions. Early research into the pathogenesis of COPD focused on the contributions of injury to the extracellular matrix and pulmonary epithelial cells. More recently, cigarette smoke-induced endothelial dysfunction/injury have been linked to the pulmonary lesions in COPD (especially emphysema) and systemic co-morbidities including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and chronic renal injury. Herein, we review the evidence linking endothelial injury to COPD, and the pathways underlying endothelial injury and the "vascular COPD phenotype" including: (1) direct toxic effects of cigarette smoke on endothelial cells; (2) generation of auto-antibodies directed against endothelial cells; (3) vascular inflammation; (4) increased oxidative stress levels in vessels inducing increases in lipid peroxidation and increased activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE); (5) reduced activation of the anti-oxidant pathways in endothelial cells; (6) increased endothelial cell release of mediators with vasoconstrictor, pro-inflammatory, and remodeling activities (endothelin-1) and reduced endothelial cell expression of mediators that promote vasodilation and homeostasis of endothelial cells (nitric oxide synthase and prostacyclin); and (7) increased endoplasmic reticular stress and the unfolded protein response in endothelial cells. We also review the literature on studies of drugs that inhibit RAGE signaling in other diseases (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers), or vasodilators developed for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension that have been tested on cell culture systems, animal models of COPD, and/or smokers and COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Polverino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Bartolome R. Celli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Caroline A. Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Zhang CL, Xie S, Qiao X, An YM, Zhang Y, Li L, Guo XB, Zhang FC, Wu LL. Plasma endothelin-1-related peptides as the prognostic biomarkers for heart failure: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9342. [PMID: 29390406 PMCID: PMC5815818 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies reported that high plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1), big ET-1, and C-terminal proET-1 (CT-proET-1) were correlated with poor prognosis of heart failure (HF). However, available evidence remains controversial. To help solve the debate, we collected all the available studies and performed a meta-analysis. METHODS We searched the databases covering Embase, PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Science on June 28, 2017. The hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were collected and calculated by use of a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran's Q test, and publication bias was assessed by funnel plots with Egger's and Begg's linear regression test. RESULTS Thirty-two studies with 18,497 patients were included in the analysis. Results showed that circulating ET-1, big ET-1, and CT-proET-1 were positively correlated with high risk of adverse outcomes, with pooled RRs (95% CIs) of 2.22 (1.82-2.71, P < .001), 2.47 (1.93-3.17, P < .001), and 2.27 (1.57-3.29, P < .001), respectively. In the subgroup of death as primary outcome, the pooled RRs (95% CIs) were 2.13 (1.68-2.70, P < .001), 2.55 (1.82-3.57, P < .001), and 2.02 (1.39-2.92, P < .001) for ET-1, big ET-1, and CT-proET-1, respectively. No significant publication bias was observed in this study. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis provided evidence that increased plasma levels of ET-1, big ET-1, and CT-proET-1 were associated with poor prognosis or mortality for HF populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Ministry of Education
| | - Shang Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
| | - Xue Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Ministry of Education
| | - Yuan-Ming An
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Ministry of Education
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Ministry of Education
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Ministry of Education
| | - Xiao-Bin Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Chun Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Ministry of Education
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Retinal Vascular Imaging Markers and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9374. [PMID: 28839244 PMCID: PMC5570935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal microvascular changes indicating microvascular dysfunction have been shown to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cross-sectional studies, but findings were mixed in prospective studies. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between retinal microvascular parameters and incident CKD in an Asian population. We examined 1256 Malay adults aged 40–80 years from the Singapore Malay Eye Study, who attended both the baseline (2004–07) and the follow-up (2011–13) examinations and were free of prevalent CKD. We measured quantitative retinal vascular parameters (arteriolar and venular calibre, tortuosity, fractal dimension and branching angle) using a computer-assisted program (Singapore I Vessel Assessment, SIVA) and retinopathy (qualitative parameter) using the modified Airlie house classification system from baseline retinal photographs. Incident CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 + 25% decrease in eGFR during follow-up. Over a median follow-up period of 6 years, 78 (6.21%) developed CKD (70.5% had diabetes). In multivariable models, smaller retinal arterioles (hazards ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.34 [1.00–1.78]), larger retinal venules (2.35 [1.12–5.94] and presence of retinopathy (2.54 [1.48–4.36]) were associated with incident CKD. Our findings suggest that retinal microvascular abnormalities may reflect subclinical renal microvascular abnormalities involved in the development of CKD.
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Carotid femoral pulse wave velocity in type 2 diabetes and hypertension: capturing arterial health effects of step counts. J Hypertens 2017; 35:1061-1069. [PMID: 28129250 PMCID: PMC5377988 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Optimal medication use obscures the impact of physical activity on traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. We evaluated the relationship between step counts and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a summative risk indicator, in patients with type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension. Research design and methods: Three hundred and sixty-nine participants were recruited (outpatient clinics; Montreal, Quebec; 2011–2015). Physical activity (pedometer/accelerometer), cfPWV (applanation tonometry), and risk factors (A1C, Homeostatic Model Assessment–Insulin Resistance, blood pressure, lipid profiles) were evaluated. Linear regression models were constructed to quantify the relationship of steps/day with cfPWV. Results: The study population comprised 191 patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, 39 with type 2 diabetes, and 139 with hypertension (mean ± SD: age 59.6 ± 11.2 years; BMI 31.3 ± 4.8 kg/m2; 54.2% women). Blood pressure (125/77 ± 15/9 mmHg), A1C (diabetes: 7.7 ± 1.3%; 61 mmol/mol), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (diabetes: 2.19 ± 0.8 mmol/l; without diabetes: 3.13 ± 1.1mmol/l) were close to target. Participants averaged 5125 ± 2722 steps/day. Mean cfPWV was 9.8 ± 2.2 m/s. Steps correlated with cfPWV, but not with other risk factors. A 1000 steps/day increment was associated with a 0.1 m/s cfPWV decrement across adjusted models and in subgroup analysis by diabetes status. In a model adjusted for age, sex, BMI, ethnicity, immigrant status, employment, education, diabetes, hypertension, medication classes, the mean cfPWV decrement was 0.11 m/s (95% confidence interval −0.2, −0.02). Conclusions: cfPWV is responsive to step counts in patients who are well controlled on cardioprotective medications. This ability to capture the ‘added value’ of physical activity supports the emerging role of cfPWV in arterial health monitoring.
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Tohidpour A, Morgun AV, Boitsova EB, Malinovskaya NA, Martynova GP, Khilazheva ED, Kopylevich NV, Gertsog GE, Salmina AB. Neuroinflammation and Infection: Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Dysfunction of Neurovascular Unit. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:276. [PMID: 28676848 PMCID: PMC5476750 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a complex inflammatory process in the central nervous system, which is sought to play an important defensive role against various pathogens, toxins or factors that induce neurodegeneration. The onset of neurodegenerative diseases and various microbial infections are counted as stimuli that can challenge the host immune system and trigger the development of neuroinflammation. The homeostatic nature of neuroinflammation is essential to maintain the neuroplasticity. Neuroinflammation is regulated by the activity of neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells within the neurovascular unit, which serves as a “platform” for the coordinated action of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Production of inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species) by brain resident cells or cells migrating from the peripheral blood, results in the impairment of blood-brain barrier integrity, thereby further affecting the course of local inflammation. In this review, we analyzed the most recent data on the central nervous system inflammation and focused on major mechanisms of neurovascular unit dysfunction caused by neuroinflammation and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolghasem Tohidpour
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V Morgun
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Paediatrics, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Elizaveta B Boitsova
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Children Infectious Diseases, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Natalia A Malinovskaya
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Galina P Martynova
- Department of Children Infectious Diseases, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Elena D Khilazheva
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V Kopylevich
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Galina E Gertsog
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alla B Salmina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
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Lin HC, Su SL, Lu CY, Lin AH, Lin WC, Liu CS, Yang YC, Wang HM, Lii CK, Chen HW. Andrographolide inhibits hypoxia-induced HIF-1α-driven endothelin 1 secretion by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and promoting the expression of prolyl hydroxylases 2/3 in human endothelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:918-930. [PMID: 27297870 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide, the main bioactive component of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata, has been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity. Endothelin 1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells, displays proinflammatory property. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), the regulatory member of the transcription factor heterodimer HIF-1α/β, is one of the most important molecules that responds to hypoxia. Changes in cellular HIF-1α protein level are the result of altered gene transcription and protein stability, with the latter being dependent on prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). In this study, inhibition of pro-inflammatory ET-1 expression and changes of HIF-1α gene transcription and protein stability under hypoxia by andrographolide in EA.hy926 endothelial-like cells were investigated. Hypoxic conditions were created using the hypoxia-mimetic agent CoCl2. We found that hypoxia stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein, and the expression and secretion of ET-1. These effects, however, were attenuated by co-exposure to andrographolide, bilirubin, and RuCO. Silencing Nrf2 and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) reversed the inhibitory effects of andrographolide on hypxoia-induced HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, andrographolide increased the expression of prolyl hydroxylases (PHD) 2/3, which hydroxylate HIF-1α and promotes HIF-1α proteasome degradation, with an increase in HIF-1α hydroxylation was noted under hypoxia. Inhibition of p38 MAPK abrogated the hypoxia-induced increases in HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression as well as ET-1 mRNA expression and secretion. Taken together, these results suggest that andrographolide suppresses hypoxia-induced pro-inflammatory ET-1 expression by activating Nrf2/HO-1, inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling, and promoting PHD2/3 expression. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 918-930, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chih Lin
- Division of Neonatology, College of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of China Medical University and China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Li Su
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Lu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chen Yang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Miao Wang
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Kuei Lii
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Wen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Bogan
- The Critter Fixer of Central Florida, LLC, 83 Geneva Drive, 621679, Oviedo, FL 32765, USA
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Boratkó A, Veréb Z, Petrovski G, Csortos C. TIMAP-protein phosphatase 1-complex controls endothelin-1 production via ECE-1 dephosphorylation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 73:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Ragusa M, Bosco P, Tamburello L, Barbagallo C, Condorelli AG, Tornitore M, Spada RS, Barbagallo D, Scalia M, Elia M, Di Pietro C, Purrello M. miRNAs Plasma Profiles in Vascular Dementia: Biomolecular Data and Biomedical Implications. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:51. [PMID: 26973465 PMCID: PMC4771726 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is a pathogenetically heterogeneous neuropsychiatric syndrome, mainly characterized by cognitive impairment. Among dementias, it is second by incidence after Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). VaD biomolecular bases have been poorly characterized, but vascular-linked factors affecting the CNS and its functions are generally hypothesized to perform a major role, together with cardiovascular and immunological factors. miRNAs, which perform critically important biomolecular roles within cell networks, are also found in biological fluids as circulating miRNAs (cmiRNAs). We hypothesized that differentially expressed (DE) cmiRNAs in plasma from VaD patients could be applied to diagnose VaD through liquid biopsies; these profiles also could allow to start investigating VaD molecular bases. By exploiting TaqMan Low-Density Arrays and single TaqMan assays, miR-10b*, miR29a-3p, and miR-130b-3p were discovered and validated as significantly downregulated DE cmiRNAs in VaD patients compared to unaffected controls (NCs). These miRNAs also were found to be significantly downregulated in a matched cohort of AD patients, but miR-130b-3p levels were lower in AD than in VaD. A negative correlation was detected between miR-29a and miR-130b expression and cognitive impairment in VaD and AD, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that decreased plasma levels of miR-10b*, miR29a-3p, and miR-130b-3p allow to discriminate VaD and AD patients from NCs. Furthermore, the concurrent downregulation of both miR-10b* and miR-130b-3p in VaD showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.789 (p < 0.0001) with 75% of sensitivity and 72% of specificity, whereas an AUC of 0.789 (p < 0.0001) with 92% of sensitivity and 81% of specificity was found for both in AD. The miRNAs profiles reported in this paper pave the way to translational applications to molecular VaD diagnosis, but they also should allow to further investigate on its molecular bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ragusa
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Paolo Bosco
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per il Ritardo Mentale e l'Involuzione Cerebrale Senile Oasi Maria SS , Troina, Enna , Italy
| | - Lucia Tamburello
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Cristina Barbagallo
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Angelo G Condorelli
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Mariangela Tornitore
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Rosario S Spada
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per il Ritardo Mentale e l'Involuzione Cerebrale Senile Oasi Maria SS , Troina, Enna , Italy
| | - Davide Barbagallo
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Marina Scalia
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Maurizio Elia
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per il Ritardo Mentale e l'Involuzione Cerebrale Senile Oasi Maria SS , Troina, Enna , Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Michele Purrello
- Section of Biology and Genetics G Sichel, BioMolecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine Unit (BMGS), Department of BioMedical Sciences and BioTechnology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
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Zhang J, Fan S, Mao Y, Ji Y, Jin L, Lu J, Chen X. Cardiovascular protective effect of polysaccharide from Ophiopogon japonicus in diabetic rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:505-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Cooke AB, Toli E, Gomez YH, Mutter AF, Eisenberg MJ, Mantzoros CS, Daskalopoulou SS. From rest to stressed: endothelin-1 levels in young healthy smokers and non-smokers. Metabolism 2015; 64:1103-11. [PMID: 26141182 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor produced by vascular endothelial cells, and a known marker of endothelial dysfunction. However, the acute and chronic effects of smoking and nicotine gum on the ET-1 response to acute physical stress in young healthy smokers have not been investigated. METHODS Healthy smokers (n=35) and non-smokers (n=35) underwent an exercise test to exhaustion (maximal oxygen consumption) on a treadmill. Smokers were assessed a) after 12h smoking abstinence (termed chronic smoking), b) immediately after smoking one cigarette (termed acute smoking), and c) immediately after chewing nicotine gum. Blood was drawn immediately pre-exercise, and 3 minutes post-exercise. During exercise, cardiorespiratory parameters were obtained breath-by-breath using an automated metabolic cart. Plasma ET-1 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay. The above protocol was designed to incorporate exercise as a vascular stressor to reveal changes that would not be detected at rest. RESULTS Mean age was 28.6±7.2 years and body mass index (BMI) was 23.6±3.2 kg/m(2). Post-exercise ET-1 levels were significantly lower than pre-exercise levels in non-smokers (P<0.001) and smokers under all three conditions (P=0.005, P<0.001, P=0.001, respectively). There were no differences in post-exercise ET-1 levels between non-smokers and smokers under all three conditions, however the absolute and relative decrease in ET-1 levels was significantly smaller in chronic smokers compared with non-smokers (P=0.007 and P=0.004). Chronic smokers had a significantly lower exercise-induced change in tidal volume (P=0.050), fraction of expired CO2 (P=0.021), oxygen consumption (P=0.005), carbon dioxide elimination (P=0.004) and peak expiratory flow (P=0.003) compared with non-smokers. Furthermore, the decrease in ET-1 observed in non-smokers in response to exercise was significantly associated with exercise induced-changes in inspiratory time, time for a tidal volume cycle, respiratory frequency, inspired minute ventilation and peak inspiratory flow. CONCLUSIONS An acute decrease of circulating ET-1 in response to acute maximal exercise in young healthy individuals was noted. Chronic smokers had a significantly diminished decrease in ET-1 compared with non-smokers, however there were no significant differences in the ET-1 response between smokers under the three smoking conditions. Smokers were not able to achieve the same exercise-induced changes in cardiorespiratory parameters as non-smokers. By incorporating exercise as a vascular stressor in our study, we have taken a novel approach to provide evidence of an altered ET-1 and cardiorespiratory response that would not otherwise be observed at rest in young active healthy smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra B Cooke
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Eirini Toli
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Yessica-Haydee Gomez
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Andrew F Mutter
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Mark J Eisenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada; Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; VA Section of Endocrinology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stella S Daskalopoulou
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada; Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada.
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Karakus S, Bozoklu Akkar O, Yildiz C, Sancakdar E, Cetin M, Cetin A. Serum levels of ET-1, M30, and angiopoietins-1 and -2 in HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia compared to controls. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 293:351-9. [PMID: 26138305 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3803-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to compare the serum levels of ET-1, M30, and Angs-1 and -2 in patients with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome, and normal controls. METHODS In this cross-sectional study of 74 pregnant women, serum levels of ET-1, M30, and Angs-1 and -2 were measured in preeclamptic patients with or without HELLP syndrome. 74 pregnant women; 37 had healthy pregnancies, 25 had preeclampsia (PE), and 12 had HELLP syndrome. RESULTS The age, body mass index, gravidity, and parity of patients with normal pregnancy, PE, and HELLP syndrome were comparable (p > 0.05). In HELLP syndrome, compared to healthy or preeclamptic pregnancies, platelet count was lower (p < 0.05) and the values of hepatic function tests were higher (p < 0.05). In HELLP syndrome, ET-1, M30, and Ang-2 were higher compared to healthy or preeclamptic pregnancies (p < 0.05); however, they increased in preeclamptic pregnancies compared to healthy pregnancies though not significant (p > 0.05). In PE or HELLP syndrome, Ang-1 was higher compared to a healthy pregnancy (p < 0.05); however, in HELLP syndrome, it was also higher than in PE though not significant (p > 0.05). We found no significant correlation among these biomarkers and hematological and biochemical parameters (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION For the diagnosis of HELLP syndrome, increased levels of ET-1, M30, and Angs-1 and -2 appear as promising biomarkers after determination of their standardized threshold levels after further studies. As an apoptosis-related biomarker, serum M30 level has a merit to be the most promising test for prediction or differential diagnosis of HELLP syndrome in PE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savas Karakus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Bozoklu Akkar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Caglar Yildiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Enver Sancakdar
- Department of Biochemistry, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Meral Cetin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Ali Cetin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
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Jokar Z, Nematbakhsh M, Moeini M, Talebi A. Role of endothelin-1 antagonist; bosentan, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in male and female rats. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:83. [PMID: 26015909 PMCID: PMC4434484 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.156642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (CP) is a chemotherapy drug, with the major side effect of nephrotoxicity. The level of endothelin-1 (ET-1) increases during nephrotoxicity, which is accompanied with vasoconstrictive properties. Bosentan (BOS) is a nonselective ET-1 receptor antagonist, having vasodilatory and anti-hypertension effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the renoprotective effect of BOS against CP-induced nephrotoxicity in male and female rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male and female rats were divided into six groups; groups 1-3 and 4-6 were male and female rats, respectively. Animals in groups 1 and 4 were considered as negative control and groups 2 and 5 considered as positive control groups received BOS (30 mg/kg/day) alone and CP (2.5 mg/kg/day) alone, respectively, for 1-week. The animals in groups 3 and 6 were treated with both CP and BOS. Finally, serum parameters were measured, and the kidney tissue was subjected to staining to evaluate tissue damage. RESULTS The serum levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, kidney tissue damage score and kidney weight elevated, and body weight significantly decreased in both CP alone and in CP plus BOS-treated groups when compared with the control groups (P < 0.05), while BOS did not ameliorate these parameters neither in males nor in females. No significant differences were observed in serum levels of nitrite and malondialdehyde between the groups, but kidney tissue level of nitrite decreased significantly in CP alone and CP plus BOS-treated groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Renoprotective effect of BOS, as ET-1 blocker, was not observed against CP-induced nephrotoxicity neither in male nor in female rats. This is while BOS promoted the severity of injuries in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jokar
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Brunch, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nematbakhsh
- Department of Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Brunch, Jahrom, Iran ; Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Isfahan MN Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences Research, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Moeini
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Talebi
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Nemeth Z, Cziraki A, Szabados S, Horvath I, Koller A. Pericardial fluid of cardiac patients elicits arterial constriction: role of endothelin-1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:779-85. [PMID: 26322806 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, several vasoactive molecules have been found in pericardial fluid (PF). Thus, we hypothesized that in coronary artery disease due to ischemia or ischemia-reperfusion, the level of vasoconstrictors, mainly endothelin-1 (ET-1), increases in PF, which can increase the vasomotor tone of arteries. Experiments were performed using an isometric myograph. Vasomotor effects of PF from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (PFCABG, n = 14) or valve replacement (PFVR, n = 7) surgery were examined in isolated rat carotid arteries (N = 14; n = 26). Vasomotor responses to KCl (40 or 60 mmol/L) were also tested. The selective endothelin A receptor antagonist BQ123 (10(-6) mol/L) was used to elucidate the role of ET-1. Both the first and the second additions of KCl elicited increases in the isometric force of the isolated arteries (KCl1, 6.1 ± 0.2 mN; KCl2, 6.5 ± 0.9 mN). PFCABG and PFVR elicited substantial increases in the isometric force of arteries (PFCABG, 3.1 ± 0.7 mN; PFVR, 3.0 ± 0.9 mN; p > 0.05). The presence of the selective endothelin A receptor blocker significantly reduced arterial contractions to PFCABG (before BQ123, 2.6 ± 0.5 mN vs. after BQ123, 0.8 ± 0.1 mN; p < 0.05). This study is the first to demonstrate that PFs of patients elicit substantial arterial constrictions, which is mediated primarily by ET-1. Interfering with the vasoconstrictor action of PF could be a potential therapeutic target to improve coronary blood flow in cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Nemeth
- a University of Pecs, Medical School, Department of Pathophysiology and Gerontology and Szentagothai Research Centre, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Attila Cziraki
- b University of Pecs, Medical School, Heart Institute, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Sandor Szabados
- b University of Pecs, Medical School, Heart Institute, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Ivan Horvath
- b University of Pecs, Medical School, Heart Institute, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Akos Koller
- a University of Pecs, Medical School, Department of Pathophysiology and Gerontology and Szentagothai Research Centre, Pecs, Hungary.,c University of Physical Education, Institute of Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,d Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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Roche PL, Filomeno KL, Bagchi RA, Czubryt MP. Intracellular Signaling of Cardiac Fibroblasts. Compr Physiol 2015; 5:721-60. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
The amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) is a key player in the regulation of Na(+) homeostasis. Its functional activity is under continuous control by a variety of signaling molecules, including bioactive peptides of endothelin family. Since ENaC dysfunction is causative for disturbances in total body Na(+) levels associated with the abnormal regulation of blood volume, blood pressure, and lung fluid balance, uncovering the molecular mechanisms of inhibitory modulation or inappropriate activation of ENaC is crucial for the successful treatment of a variety of human diseases including hypertension. The precise regulation of ENaC is particularly important for normal Na(+) and fluid homeostasis in organs where endothelins are known to act: the kidneys, lung, and colon. Inhibition of ENaC by endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been established in renal cells, and several molecular mechanisms of inhibition of ENaC by ET-1 are proposed and will be reviewed in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Sorokin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
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Paradis AN, Gay MS, Wilson CG, Zhang L. Newborn hypoxia/anoxia inhibits cardiomyocyte proliferation and decreases cardiomyocyte endowment in the developing heart: role of endothelin-1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116600. [PMID: 25692855 PMCID: PMC4334650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the developing heart, cardiomyocytes undergo terminal differentiation during a critical window around birth. Hypoxia is a major stress to preterm infants, yet its effect on the development and maturation of the heart remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis in a rat model that newborn anoxia accelerates cardiomyocyte terminal differentiation and results in reduced cardiomyocyte endowment in the developing heart via an endothelin-1-dependent mechanism. Newborn rats were exposed to anoxia twice daily from postnatal day 1 to 3, and hearts were isolated and studied at postnatal day 4 (P4), 7 (P7), and 14 (P14). Anoxia significantly increased HIF-1α protein expression and pre-proET-1 mRNA abundance in P4 neonatal hearts. Cardiomyocyte proliferation was significantly decreased by anoxia in P4 and P7, resulting in a significant reduction of cardiomyocyte number per heart weight in the P14 neonates. Furthermore, the expression of cyclin D2 was significantly decreased due to anoxia, while p27 expression was increased. Anoxia has no significant effect on cardiomyocyte binucleation or myocyte size. Consistently, prenatal hypoxia significantly decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation but had no effect on binucleation in the fetal heart. Newborn administration of PD156707, an ETA-receptor antagonist, significantly increased cardiomyocyte proliferation at P4 and cell size at P7, resulting in an increase in the heart to body weight ratio in P7 neonates. In addition, PD156707 abrogated the anoxia-mediated effects. The results suggest that hypoxia and anoxia via activation of endothelin-1 at the critical window of heart development inhibits cardiomyocyte proliferation and decreases myocyte endowment in the developing heart, which may negatively impact cardiac function later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N. Paradis
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Maresha S. Gay
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher G. Wilson
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- Division of Neonatology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yip W, Sabanayagam C, Teo BW, Tay WT, Ikram MK, Tai ES, Chow KY, Wong TY, Cheung CY. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and risk of renal failure in Asian populations. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118076. [PMID: 25658337 PMCID: PMC4320082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal microvascular signs may provide insights into the structure and function of small vessels that are associated with renal disease. We examined the relationship of retinal microvascular signs with both prevalent and incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a multi-ethnic Asian population. METHODS A total of 5763 subjects (aged ≥ 40 years) from two prospective population-based studies (the Singapore Malay Eye Study and the Singapore Prospective Study) were included for the current analysis. Retinopathy was graded using the modified Airlie House classification system. Retinal vascular parameters were measured using computer-assisted programs to quantify the retinal vessel widths (arteriolar and venular caliber) and retinal vascular network (fractal dimension). Data on ESRD was obtained by record linkage with the ESRD cases registered by National Registry of Diseases Office, Singapore. Multi-variable adjusted regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of baseline retinal vascular parameters and prevalent and incident ESRD. RESULTS At baseline, 21(0.36%) persons had prevalent ESRD. During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 33 (0.57%) subjects developed ESRD. In our analyses, retinopathy was associated with prevalent ESRD (multi-variable adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28-8.05) and incident ESRD (multi-variable adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.51, 95%CI: 1.14-5.54). This association was largely seen in person with diabetes (HR, 2.60, 95%CI: 1.01-6.66) and not present in persons without diabetes (HR, 1.65, 95%CI: 0.14-18.98). Retinal arteriolar caliber, retinal venular caliber and retinal vascular fractal dimension were not associated with ESRD. CONCLUSION Retinopathy signs in persons with diabetes are related to an increased risk of ESRD; however, other microvascular changes in the retina are not associated with ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- WanFen Yip
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon Wee Teo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Ting Tay
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M. Kamran Ikram
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Memory Aging & Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E. Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khuan Yew Chow
- National Registry of Diseases Office, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Y. Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carol Y. Cheung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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