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Minakata N, Ikematsu H, Kiyomi F, Inoue S, Akutagawa T, Watanabe T, Yano T, Shimoda R. Usefulness of virtual scale endoscope for early gastrointestinal lesions. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e386. [PMID: 38903962 PMCID: PMC11187934 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Objectives For early gastrointestinal lesions, size is an important factor in the selection of treatment. Virtual scale endoscope (VSE) is a newly developed endoscope that can measure size more accurately than visual measurement. This study aimed to investigate whether VSE measurement is accurate for early gastrointestinal lesions of various sizes and morphologies. Methods This study prospectively enrolled patients with early gastrointestinal lesions ≤20 mm in size visually. Lesion sizes were measured in the gastrointestinal tract visually, on endoscopic resection specimens with VSE, and finally on endoscopic resection specimens using a ruler. The primary endpoint was the normalized difference (ND) of VSE measurement. The secondary endpoints were the ND of visual measurement and the variation between NDs of VSE and visual measurements. ND was calculated as (100 × [measured size - true size] / true size) (%). True size was defined as size measured using a ruler. Results This study included 60 lesions from April 2022 to December 2022, with 20 each in the esophagus, stomach, and colon. The lesion size was 14.0 ± 6.3 mm (mean ± standard deviation). Morphologies were protruded, slightly elevated, and flat or slightly depressed type in 8, 24, and 28 lesions, respectively. The primary endpoint was 0.3 ± 8.8%. In the secondary endpoints, the ND of visual measurement was -1.7 ± 29.3%, and the variability was significantly smaller in the ND of VSE measurement than in that of visual measurement (p < 0.001, F-test). Conclusions VSE measurement is accurate for early gastrointestinal lesions of various sizes and morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Minakata
- Department of Gastroenterology and EndoscopyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Hiroaki Ikematsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and EndoscopyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Fumiaki Kiyomi
- Department of Statistics and Data CenterClinical Research Support Center KyushuFukuokaJapan
| | - Suma Inoue
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologySaga UniversitySagaJapan
| | - Takashi Akutagawa
- Department of Endoscopic Diagnostics and TherapeuticsSaga University HospitalSagaJapan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and EndoscopyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Tomonori Yano
- Department of Gastroenterology and EndoscopyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Ryo Shimoda
- Department of Endoscopic Diagnostics and TherapeuticsSaga University HospitalSagaJapan
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Ogunbiyi MO, Oxley S, Graham R, Olaitan A. The oncological and reproductive outcomes of fertility-preserving treatments for stage 1 grade 1 endometrial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2024; 44:2294329. [PMID: 38126736 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2294329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of patients desiring fertility-preserving treatment for endometrial cancer rather than standard surgical management continues to increase. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the efficacies of fertility-preserving treatments on the live birth rate, remission and relapse rates for women with stage 1a grade 1 endometrial carcinoma to support patient counselling. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis for our primary outcomes of overall remission and relapse rate, and for secondary analysis, we divided papers into treatment type: systemic progestins, intrauterine progestins or hysteroscopic resection and adjuvant hormonal treatment. RESULTS Thirty-five observational studies met inclusion criteria, with a total of 624 patients. Overall, conservative treatment of endometrial cancer showed a remission rate of 77% (95% CI: 70-84%), a relapse rate of 20% (95% CI: 13-27%) and a live birth rate of 20% (95% CI: 15-25%) with more favourable outcomes for the hysteroscopic resection group. CONCLUSIONS Hysteroscopic resection and adjuvant hormonal treatment had the most favourable fertility and oncological outcomes. Further high-quality prospective multi-centre trials are warranted to determine the optimal treatment regimen and dosage and risk stratification for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Oxley
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Radha Graham
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Adeola Olaitan
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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3
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Kabir MZ, Tayyab H, Erkmen C, Mohamad SB, Uslu B. Comprehensive views toward the biomolecular recognition of an anticancer drug, leflunomide with human serum albumin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:7257-7271. [PMID: 37529911 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2239931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular association of an anticancer drug, leflunomide (LEF) with human serum albumin (HSA), the leading ligands carrier in human circulation was characterized using biophysical (i.e., fluorescence, absorption and voltammetric) methods and computational (i.e., molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation) techniques. Evaluations of fluorescence, absorption and voltammetric findings endorsed the complex formation between LEF and HSA. An inverse relationship of Stern-Volmer constant-temperature and hyperchromic shift of the protein's absorption signal with addition of LEF confirmed the LEF quenched the HSA fluorescence through static process. Moderate nature of binding strength (binding constant = 2.76-4.77 × 104 M-1) was detected towards the LEF-HSA complexation, while the association process was naturally driven via hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds, as evident from changes in entropy (ΔS= + 19.91 J mol-1 K-1) and enthalpy (ΔH = - 20.09 kJ mol-1), and molecular docking assessments. Spectral analyses of synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence validated microenvironmental fluctuations near Trp and Tyr residues upon LEF binding to the protein. LEF association with HSA significantly defended temperature-induced destabilization of the protein. Although LEF was found to attach to HSA at Sudlow's sites I and II, but exhibited greater preference toward its site I, as detected by the investigations of competitive site-marker displacement. Molecular dynamics simulation assessment revealed that the complex attained equilibrium throughout simulations, showing the LEF-HSA complex constancy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahirul Kabir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hafsa Tayyab
- Faculty of Science, Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cem Erkmen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saharuddin B Mohamad
- Faculty of Science, Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre of Research for Computational Sciences and Informatics for Biology, Bioindustry, Environment, Agriculture and Healthcare, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bengi Uslu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Hinojosa-Gonzalez DE, Zafar A, Saffati G, Kronstedt S, Zlatev DV, Khera M. Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024; 27:507-519. [PMID: 38167924 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00785-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is a prevalent disease that urgently needs to address its treatment-related complications. By examining existing evidence on the association between Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) and dementia, this study contributes to the understanding of potential risks. We sought to analyze the currently available evidence regarding the risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients undergoing ADT. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed to identify studies published from the databases' inception to April 2023. Studies were identified through systematic review to facilitate comparisons between studies with and without some degree of controls for biases affecting distinctions between ADT receivers and non-ADT receivers. This review identified 305 studies, with 28 meeting the inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity was assessed using Higgins I2%. Variables with an I2 over 50% were considered heterogeneous and analyzed using a Random-Effects model. Otherwise, a Fixed-Effects model was employed. RESULTS A total of 28 studies were included for analysis. Out of these, only 1 study did not report the number of patients. From the remaining 27 studies, there were a total of 2,543,483 patients, including 900,994 with prostate cancer who received ADT, 1,262,905 with prostate cancer who did not receive ADT, and 334,682 patients without prostate cancer who did not receive ADT. This analysis revealed significantly increased Hazard Ratios (HR) of 1.20 [1.11, 1.29], p < 0.00001 for dementia, HR 1.26 [1.10, 1.43], p = 0.0007 for Alzheimer's Disease, HR 1.66 [1.40, 1.97], p < 0.00001 for depression, and HR 1.57 [1.31, 1.88], p < 0.00001 for Parkinson's Disease. The risk of vascular dementia was HR 1.30 [0.97, 1.73], p < 0.00001. CONCLUSION Based on the analysis of the currently available evidence, it suggests that ADT significantly increases the risk of dementia, AD, PD, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Hinojosa-Gonzalez
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Affan Zafar
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gal Saffati
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Shane Kronstedt
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Dimitar V Zlatev
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mohit Khera
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Rao Q, Guo M, Sun J, Yang B, Cao X, Xia J. Sulfiredoxin-1 promotes the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting TFEB-mediated autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2024; 441:114169. [PMID: 39029574 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients have poor prognosis. As an endogenous antioxidant enzyme involved in a variety of bioprocesses, sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1) plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the development of tumors. However, the role and working mechanism of SRXN1 in HCC remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that SRXN1 promoted the cell proliferation of HCC at genetic and pharmacological level, respectively. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed SRXN1 knockdown had a significant effect on the expression of lysosome biogenesis related genes. Further experiments validated that lysosome biogenesis and autophagic flux were enhanced after SRXN1 inhibition and reduced as SRXN1 overexpression. Mechanism study revealed that ROS accumulation induced TFEB nuclear translocation, followed by increased autophagy. Following this rationale, the combination of SRXN1 inhibitor and sorafenib demonstrated noticeable synergistic antitumor effect through the boost of ROS both in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, SRXN1 could be a potential therapeutic target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Rao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mengzhou Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jialei Sun
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Biwei Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jinglin Xia
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Zhang J, Kelkar SS, Prabhu VS, Ogando YM, Verma RP, Grall V, Marth C. Real-world first-line treatment patterns and outcomes in recurrent/advanced endometrial cancer patients in Europe. Future Oncol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39119643 DOI: 10.1080/14796694.2024.2379233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in recurrent/advanced endometrial cancer in Europe are not well known. Materials & methods: Endometrial Cancer Health Outcomes-Europe-First-Line is a multicenter, retrospective chart review study conducted in the UK, Germany, Italy, France and Spain. Patients diagnosed with recurrent/advanced endometrial cancer who initiated first-line systemic therapy between 1 July 2016 and 31 March 2020 were eligible. Results: Among 242 patients, median age was 69 years and 82.2% had stage IIIB-IV disease. In first-line, most patients received platinum-based chemotherapy (78.9%); others received endocrine therapy (6.2%), taxane monotherapy (5.8%) and nonplatinum or taxane-based chemotherapy (4.1%). Median real-world progression-free survival since first-line initiation was 10.8 months and median overall survival was 20.7 months. Conclusion: Poor prognosis with platinum-based first-line chemotherapy suggests significant unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rishi P Verma
- OPEN Health, Evidence & Access, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | - Christian Marth
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, A-6020, Austria
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Xu K, Huang RQ, Wen RM, Yao TT, Cao Y, Chang B, Cheng Y, Yi XJ. Annexin A family: A new perspective on the regulation of bone metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117271. [PMID: 39121589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption are critical processes in bone metabolism. Annexin A, a calcium-phospholipid binding protein, regulates the proliferation and differentiation of bone cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, and has gradually become a marker gene for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. As calcium channel proteins, the annexin A family members are closely associated with mechanical stress, which can target annexins A1, A5, and A6 to promote bone cell differentiation. Despite the significant clinical potential of annexin A family members in bone metabolism, few studies have reported on these mechanisms. Therefore, based on a review of relevant literature, this article elaborates on the specific functions and possible mechanisms of annexin A family members in bone metabolism to provide new ideas for their application in the prevention and treatment of bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110102, China.
| | - Rui-Qi Huang
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110102, China.
| | - Rui-Ming Wen
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110102, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Yao
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110102, China.
| | - Yang Cao
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heifei, Anhui 230012, China.
| | - Bo Chang
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110102, China.
| | - Yang Cheng
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110102, China.
| | - Xue-Jie Yi
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110102, China.
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Pickles JC, Aquilina K, Chalker J, Dahl C, Devadass A, Mankad K, Merve A, Ahmed M, Nicoll JAR, Bloom T, Hilton DA, Sebire NJ, Hargrave D, Jacques TS. Decision making for health-related research outcomes that alter diagnosis: A model from paediatric brain tumours. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2024; 50:e12994. [PMID: 38982613 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The question of how to handle clinically actionable outcomes from retrospective research studies is poorly explored. In neuropathology, this problem is exacerbated by ongoing refinement in tumour classification. We sought to establish a disclosure threshold for potential revised diagnoses as determined by the neuro-oncology speciality. METHODS As part of a previous research study, the diagnoses of 73 archival paediatric brain tumour samples were reclassified according to the WHO 2016 guidelines. To determine the disclosure threshold and clinical actionability of pathology-related findings, we conducted a result-evaluation approach within the ethical framework of BRAIN UK using a surrogate clinical multidisciplinary team (MDT) of neuro-oncology specialists. RESULTS The MDT identified key determinants impacting decision-making, including anticipated changes to patient management, time elapsed since initial diagnosis, likelihood of the patient being alive and absence of additional samples since cohort inception. Ultimately, none of our research findings were considered clinically actionable, largely due to the cohort's historic archival and high-risk nature. From this experience, we developed a decision-making framework to determine if research findings indicating a change in diagnosis require reporting to the relevant clinical teams. CONCLUSIONS Ethical issues relating to the use of archival tissue for research and the potential to identify actionable findings must be carefully considered. We have established a structured framework to assess the actionability of research data relating to patient diagnosis. While our specific findings are most applicable to the pathology of poor prognostic brain tumour groups in children, the model can be adapted to a range of disease settings, for example, other diseases where research is dependent on retrospective tissue cohorts, and research findings may have implications for patients and families, such as other tumour types, epilepsy-related pathology, genetic disorders and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Pickles
- Developmental Biology and Cancer & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and UCL, London, UK
| | - Kristian Aquilina
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jane Chalker
- Specialist Integrated Haematology and Malignancy Diagnostic Service-Acquired Genomics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christine Dahl
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Kshitij Mankad
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ashirwad Merve
- Department of Histopathology, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and UCL, London, UK
| | - Munaza Ahmed
- North East Thames Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - James A R Nicoll
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Cellular Pathology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Tabitha Bloom
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - David A Hilton
- Department of Histopathology, University Hospitals Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Neil J Sebire
- Developmental Biology and Cancer & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and UCL, London, UK
| | - Darren Hargrave
- Developmental Biology and Cancer & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas S Jacques
- Developmental Biology and Cancer & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and UCL, London, UK
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9
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Clement C, Leclère JC, Maheo C, Le Pennec R, Le Gal G, Delcroix O, Robin P, Rousset J, Tissot V, Gueguen A, Allio M, Bourbonne V, Schick U, Marianowski R, Salaun PY, Abgral R. Diagnostic Performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT According to Delay After Treatment to Detect Subclinical Recurrence of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:1181-1187. [PMID: 38991750 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.267391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a malignancy with high rates of locoregional recurrence and poor prognosis for recurrent cases. Early detection of subclinical lesions is challenging but critical for effective patient management. Imaging surveillance after treatment, particularly 18F-FDG PET/CT, has shown promise in the diagnosis of HNSCC recurrence. The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT according to delay after treatment in detecting subclinical recurrence (SCR) in HNSCC patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, all 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed at a single center. All adults with histologically proven HNSCC who were treated with curative intent between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2021, were included. They had a normal clinical examination before each scan. Patients who underwent an intensive follow-up strategy after treatment had 18F-FDG PET/CT with an intravenous contrast agent at 3-6 mo and annually thereafter for 5 y. The primary endpoint was diagnostic performance (positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy). Results: In total, 2,566 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed among 852 patients, with an average of 3 scans per patient. The overall diagnostic performance measures were as follows: positive predictive value (88%), negative predictive value (98%), sensitivity (98%), specificity (89%), and accuracy (93%). There were no significant differences in diagnostic performance over time. The scans detected 126 cases of SCR (14.8%) and 118 cases of metachronous cancer (13.8%). The incidence of SCR decreased over time, with the highest detection rate in the first 2 y after treatment. Positive predictive value improved over time, reaching 90% for the digital Vision 600 system (third period) compared with 76% for the analog Gemini GXLi system (first period, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified advanced stage, high body mass index, and initial PET/CT upstaging as predictive factors for detection of SCR. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that 18F-FDG PET/CT has high diagnostic performance in detecting SCR during follow-up after treatment of HNSCC, especially in the first 2 y. Advanced tumor stage, initial PET/CT upstaging, and high body mass index were associated with a higher likelihood of SCR detection. The routine use of 18F-FDG PET/CT during follow-up seems justified for patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Clement
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Leclère
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France;
- LIEN, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Clémentine Maheo
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
- LIEN, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Romain Le Pennec
- Nuclear Medicine Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
- UMR INSERM, 1304 GETBO, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Gregoire Le Gal
- Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1412, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
| | | | | | - Jean Rousset
- Radiology Department, Military Hospital of Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Aziliz Gueguen
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Maryne Allio
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Ulrike Schick
- Radiotherapy Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Remi Marianowski
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
- LIEN, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Salaun
- Nuclear Medicine Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
- UMR INSERM, 1304 GETBO, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Ronan Abgral
- Nuclear Medicine Department, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
- UMR INSERM, 1304 GETBO, University of Brest, Brest, France
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10
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Li Z, Tian Y, Zong H, Wang X, Li D, Keranmu A, Xin S, Ye B, Bai R, Chen W, Yang G, Ye L, Wang S. Deubiquitinating enzyme OTUD4 stabilizes RBM47 to induce ATF3 transcription: a novel mechanism underlying the restrained malignant properties of ccRCC cells. Apoptosis 2024; 29:1051-1069. [PMID: 38553613 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of deubiquitination contributes to various diseases, including cancer, and aberrant expression of deubiquitinating enzymes is involved in carcinoma progression. As a member of the ovarian tumor (OTU) deubiquitinases, OTUD4 is considered a tumor suppressor in many kinds of malignancies. The biological characteristics and mechanisms of OTUD4 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unclear. The downregulation of OTUD4 in ccRCC was confirmed based on the TCGA database and a validation cohort of 30-paired ccRCC and para-carcinoma samples. Moreover, OTUD4 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 50 cases of ccRCC tissues, and patients with lower levels of OTUD4 showed larger tumor size (p = 0.015). TCGA data revealed that patients with high expression of OTUD4 had a longer overall survival rate. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that downregulation of OTUD4 was essential for tumor cell growth and metastasis in ccRCC, and OTUD4 overexpression inhibited these malignant phenotypes. We further found that OTUD4 sensitized ccRCC cells to Erastin-induced ferroptosis, and ferrostain-1 inhibited OTUD4-induced ferroptotic cell death. Mechanistic studies indicated that OTUD4 functioned as an anti-proliferative and anti-metastasic factor through the regulation of RNA-binding protein 47 (RBM47)-mediated activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). OTUD4 directly interacted with RBM47 and promoted its stability via deubiquitination events. RBM47 was critical in ccRCC progression by regulating ATF3 mRNA stability, thereby promoting ATF3-mediated ferroptosis. RBM47 interference abolished the suppressive role of OTUD4 overexpression in ccRCC. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into OTUD4 of ccRCC progression and indicate a novel critical pathway OTUD4/RBM47/ATF3 may serve as a potential therapeutic pathway for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- School of Electrical Engineering of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering of Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Huafeng Zong
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Friendship Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Xuelei Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Adili Keranmu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyong Xin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Ye
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guosheng Yang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Siyan Wang
- Health Management Center, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China.
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11
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Suzuki S, Nagakawa Y, Miyamoto R, Osakabe H, Kiya Y, Yamaguchi H, Nagao T, Einama T, Ao T, Shimoda M. Prognostic factors based on histological categorization of desmoplastic reactions in pancreatic cancer. World J Surg 2024; 48:1973-1980. [PMID: 38943046 DOI: 10.1002/wjs.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE In colorectal cancer, the morphological categorization of fibrotic cancer stroma in the invasive frontal zone of the primary tumor is well reflected in the prognosis. Conversely, the histological characteristics of pancreatic cancer (PC) reveal fibrotic hyperplasia of stroma known as desmoplasia; however, its characterization is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors according to the histological categorization of desmoplastic reactions in PC. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 167 patients who underwent curative resection for PC. The desmoplastic pattern was histologically classified as mature, intermediate, or immature. Clinicopathological features were evaluated, and disease-free and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in the three groups. Prognostic factors were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS In total, 19 mature, 87 intermediate, and 61 immature desmoplastic patterns were evaluated. Jaundice decompression, white blood cell count, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio were significantly different among the groups. The mature group had a better disease-free survival (DFS) prognosis than the other two groups; however, OS did not differ between the groups. Desmoplastic patterns showed significant differences between the three groups for DFS. CONCLUSIONS Desmoplastic patterns are a prognostic factor of DFS for PC, with mature desmoplastic reactions associated with good prognosis. Thus, they may aid in individualized therapeutic approaches in patients with PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Inashikigun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nagakawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Inashikigun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Osakabe
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kiya
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Einama
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Ao
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mitsugi Shimoda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Inashikigun, Ibaraki, Japan
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12
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Alapati R, Wagoner SF, Lawrence A, Bon Nieves A, Desai A, Shnayder Y, Hamill C, Kakarala K, Neupane P, Gan G, Sykes KJ, Bur AM. Impact of Adjuvant Radiotherapy Setting on Quality-of-Life in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:3645-3655. [PMID: 38436503 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine differences in post-treatment QoL across treatment settings in patients receiving adjuvant radiation therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS This was a prospective observational cohort study of patients with HNSCC initially evaluated in a head and neck surgical oncologic and reconstructive clinic at an academic medical center (AMC). Participants were enrolled prior to treatment in a prospective registry collecting demographic, social, and clinical data. Physical and social-emotional QoL (phys-QoL and soc-QoL, respectively) was measured using the University of Washington-QoL questionnaire at pre-treatment and post-treatment visits. RESULTS A cohort of 177 patients, primarily male and White with an average age of 61.2 ± 11.2 years, met inclusion criteria. Most patients presented with oral cavity tumors (n = 132, 74.6%), had non-HPV-mediated disease (n = 97, 61.8%), and were classified as Stage IVa (n = 72, 42.8%). After controlling for covariates, patients treated at community medical centers (CMCs) reported a 7.15-point lower phys-QoL compared with those treated at AMCs (95% CI: -13.96 to -0.35, p = 0.040) up to 12 months post-treatment. Additionally, patients who were treated at CMCs had a 5.77-point (-11.86-0.31, p = 0.063) lower soc-QoL score compared with those treated at an AMC, which was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION This study revealed that HNSCC patients treated with radiation at AMCs reported significantly greater phys-QoL in their first-year post-treatment compared to those treated at CMCs, but soc-QoL did not differ significantly. Further observational studies are needed to explore potential factors, including treatment planning and cancer resource engagement, behind disparities between AMCs and CMCs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 134:3645-3655, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Alapati
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Sarah F Wagoner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Amelia Lawrence
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Antonio Bon Nieves
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Atharva Desai
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Yelizaveta Shnayder
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Chelsea Hamill
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Kiran Kakarala
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Prakash Neupane
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Gregory Gan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
| | - Kevin J Sykes
- Baylor Scott & White, Health and Wellness Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Andrés M Bur
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A
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13
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Patel HV, Joshi JS, Shah FD. Implicating clinical utility of altered expression of PTCH1 & SMO in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Mol Histol 2024; 55:379-389. [PMID: 38954185 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral cancer poses a significant burden on public health in India, with higher incidence and mortality rates. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, prognosis remains poor due to factors such as localized recurrence and lymph node metastasis, potentially influenced by cancer stem cells. Among signaling pathways implicated in CSC regulation, the Hedgehog pathway plays a crucial role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIAL & METHODS 97 OSCC patients' tissue samples were collected and subjected to RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and quantitative real-time PCR to analyze PTCH1 and SMO expression. Protein expression was assessed through immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological parameters were correlated with gene and protein expression. Statistical analysis included Pearson chi-square tests, co-relation co-efficient tests, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and ROC curve analysis. RESULTS PTCH1 expression correlated with lymphatic permeation (p = 0.002) and tumor stage (p = 0.002), while SMO expression correlated with lymph node status (p = 0.034) and tumor stage (p = 0.021). PTCH1 gene expression correlated with lymph node status (p = 0.024). High PTCH1 gene expression was associated with shorter survival in tongue cancer patients. ROC curve analysis indicated diagnostic potential for PTCH1 and SMO gene and cytoplasmic SMO expression in distinguishing malignant tissues from adjacent normal tissues. CONCLUSION PTCH1 and SMO play a crucial role in oral cancer progression, correlating with tumor stages and metastatic potential. Despite not directly influencing overall survival, PTCH1 expression at specific anatomical sites hints at its prognostic implications. PTCH1 and SMO exhibit diagnostic potential, suggesting their utility as molecular markers in oral cancer management and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarth V Patel
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
- Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jigna S Joshi
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Franky D Shah
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India.
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Tu Y, Gong J, Mou J, Jiang H, Zhao H, Gao J. Strategies for the development of stimuli-responsive small molecule prodrugs for cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1434137. [PMID: 39144632 PMCID: PMC11322083 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1434137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Approved anticancer drugs typically face challenges due to their narrow therapeutic window, primarily because of high systemic toxicity and limited selectivity for tumors. Prodrugs are initially inactive drug molecules designed to undergo specific chemical modifications. These modifications render the drugs inactive until they encounter specific conditions or biomarkers in vivo, at which point they are converted into active drug molecules. This thoughtful design significantly improves the efficacy of anticancer drug delivery by enhancing tumor specificity and minimizing off-target effects. Recent advancements in prodrug design have focused on integrating these strategies with delivery systems like liposomes, micelles, and polymerosomes to further improve targeting and reduce side effects. This review outlines strategies for designing stimuli-responsive small molecule prodrugs focused on cancer treatment, emphasizing their chemical structures and the mechanisms controlling drug release. By providing a comprehensive overview, we aim to highlight the potential of these innovative approaches to revolutionize cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Tu
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianbao Gong
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Mou
- Department of Neonatology, Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongfei Jiang
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiake Gao
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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15
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Cheng Q, Zhao W, Song X, Jin T. Machine-learning and scRNA-Seq-based diagnostic and prognostic models illustrating survival and therapy response of lung adenocarcinoma. Genes Immun 2024:10.1038/s41435-024-00289-0. [PMID: 39075270 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-024-00289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major cause accounting for cancer-related mortalities, with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) being the most prevalent subtype. Given the high clinical and cellular heterogeneities of LUAD, accurate diagnosis and prognosis are crucial to avoid overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Taking full advantage of scRNA-Seq data to resolve the tumor heterogeneities, we explored the overall landscape of LUAD microenvironment. Utilizing the stage-specific tumor cell markers, we have developed highly accurate diagnostic and prognostic models with elevated sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic model, developed through random forest algorithms with a thirteen-gene signature, achieved an accuracy of 96.4% and an AUC of 0.993. These metrics were further demonstrated by benchmarking with available models and scoring systems in independent cohorts. Concurrently, the prognostic model, formulated via Cox regression with a six-gene signature, effectively predicted overall survival, with elevated risk scores associated with increased fractions of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and higher likelihood of immune escape and T-cell exclusion. Subsequently, two nomograms were developed to predict survival and drug responses, facilitating their integration into clinical practice. Overall, this study underscores the potential of our models for efficient, rapid, and cost-effective diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD, adaptable to multiple expression profiling platforms and quantification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China.
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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16
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Vargas GM, Farooq MS, Karakousis GC. Adjuvant Therapy for High-Risk Stage II Melanoma: Current Paradigms in Management and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2690. [PMID: 39123418 PMCID: PMC11312203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the United States and accounts for the majority of all skin cancer-related deaths, making it the most lethal cutaneous malignancy. Systemic adjuvant therapy for stage IIB-IV melanoma is now approved for patients who have undergone surgical resection, given the appreciable risk of recurrence and mortality in this patient population. Despite the lower stage, high-risk stage II melanoma (stage IIB/IIC) can often exhibit an even more aggressive course when compared to stage IIIA/IIIB disease, thus justifying consideration of adjuvant therapy in these patients. In this review, we highlight the current standard of practice for the treatment of stage IIB/C melanoma, with a focus on adjuvant therapies supported by published landmark clinical trials, including anti-PD-1 therapy. Notably, adjuvant therapies approved thus far in this patient population have demonstrated an improvement in recurrence-free survival, while their impact on overall survival is pending. Finally, this review highlights currently ongoing trials and future directions for research and treatment possibilities for high-risk clinical stage II melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giorgos C. Karakousis
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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17
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Raei M, Heydari K, Tabarestani M, Razavi A, Mirshafiei F, Esmaeily F, Taheri M, Hoseini A, Nazari H, Shamshirian D, Alizadeh-Navaei R. Diagnostic accuracy of ESR1 mutation detection by cell-free DNA in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:908. [PMID: 39069608 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12674-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen receptors express in nearly 70% of breast cancers (ER-positive). Estrogen receptor alpha plays a fundamental role as a significant factor in breast cancer progression for the early selection of therapeutic approaches. Accordingly, there has been a surge of attention to non-invasive techniques, including circulating Cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) or Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA), to detect and track ESR1 genotype. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the diagnosis accuracy of ESR1 mutation detection by cell-free DNA in breast cancer patientsthrough a systematic review and comprehensive meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched up to 6 April 2022. Diagnostic studies on ESR1 measurement by cfDNA, which was confirmed using the tumour tissue biopsy, have been included in the study. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were considered to analyse the data. RESULTS Out of 649 papers, 13 papers with 15 cohorts, including 389 participants, entered the meta-analyses. The comprehensive meta-analysis indicated a high sensitivity (75.52, 95% CI 60.19-90.85), specificity (88.20, 95% CI 80.99-95.40), and high accuracy of 88.96 (95% CI 83.23-94.69) for plasma ESR1. We also found a moderate PPV of 56.94 (95% CI 41.70-72.18) but a high NPV of 88.53 (95% CI 82.61-94.44). We also found an NLR of 0.443 (95% CI 0.09-0.79) and PLR of 1.60 (95% CI 1.20-1.99). CONCLUSION This systematic review and comprehensive meta-analysis reveal that plasma cfDNA testing exhibits high sensitivity and specificity in detecting ESR1 mutations in breast cancer patients. This suggests that the test could be a valuable diagnostic tool. It may serve as a dependable and non-invasive technique for identifying ESR1 mutations in breast cancer patients. However, more extensive research is needed to confirm its prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Raei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Moallem Sq, Sari, Sari, 44817844718, Iran
| | - Keyvan Heydari
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Moallem Sq, Sari, Sari, 44817844718, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tabarestani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Razavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirshafiei
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Esmaeily
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahsa Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Aref Hoseini
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hojjatollah Nazari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Danial Shamshirian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Moallem Sq, Sari, Sari, 44817844718, Iran.
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18
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Verro B, Saraniti G, Ottoveggio G, Saraniti C. Cancer and immune response: The role of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint in laryngeal carcinoma. Preliminary results. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08822-7. [PMID: 39069571 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The overall survival of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) hasn't changed significantly in the last decades, leading to a negative prognosis in advanced stages. So, the immunotherapy takes space with the inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint, involved in suppression of immune response. METHODS A prospective study was conducted on LSCC patients, selected according to strict criteria. The study was approved by the ethics committee of our Hospital. Parameters were: sex, age, smoking and alcohol habits, C-reactive protein (CRP) level in the serum, laryngeal subsite involved, differentiation-based histopathologic grading of tumor, neck node involvement, tumor stage, expression levels of PD-L1 (as Combined Positive Score - CPS). P-value < 0.05 was statistically significant. RESULTS 58 patients were included: 31.03% were females, mean age 63.55±10.09. A statistically significant correlation between CPS and smoking habits and N stage was found. CRP resulted increased in 44.83% of patients with a statistically significant correlation with CPS. The most cases were glottic cancers (46.55%). 75.86% of tumors were moderately-differentiated, without correlation with CPS. CONCLUSION PD-L1 expression levels are variables independent of sex, age, alcohol consumption, differentiation degree of LSCC. A statistically significant correlation between PD-L1 expression levels and smoking habits, neck node status and CRP was found. This last finding demonstrates the involvement of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint in immune response in case of cancer. However, these results need further studies to detect the best patients tailored for treatment with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Verro
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Saraniti
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Ottoveggio
- Unit of Anesthesia, Intensive Care, and Emergency, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carmelo Saraniti
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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19
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Sun X, Guo Y. Chemerin Enhances Migration and Invasion of OC Cells via CMKLR1/RhoA/ROCK-Mediated EMT. Int J Endocrinol 2024; 2024:7957018. [PMID: 39104601 PMCID: PMC11300085 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7957018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is a newly described adipokine with significant effects on obesity, metabolic disorders, and immune trafficking. Recently, chemerin has gained prominence for its potential roles in cancer and tumorigenesis with pro- or antitumor effects. To date, most referenced multifunctions of chemerin are attributed to the chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), distributing broadly in many tissues. This study investigates the in vitro roles of chemerin treatment on migration and invasion of ovarian carcinoma cells (OVCAR-3 and SK-OV-3) and potential underlying mechanisms. Herein, exogenous chemerin treatment promotes growth and invasion of SK-OV-3 cells but has no significant effects on OVCAR-3 cells. SK-OV-3 cells undergo morphological elongation characterized by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Ras homologous genome members A (RhoA)/Rho protein-related curl spiral kinase-1 (ROCK1) activation. Furthermore, chemerin-enhanced invasion and EMT of SK-OV-3 cells are effectively blocked by C3 transferase (C3T) and Y27632 and RhoA and ROCK1 inhibitor, respectively. More importantly, RhoA/ROCK1-EMT-mediated SK-OV-3 cell invasion is orchestrated by CMKLR1 upregulation after chemerin treatment (50 ng/mL). The silencing of CMKLR1 significantly (P < 0.0001) reverses the chemerin-enhanced invasion, EMT, and RhoA/ROCK1 activation of SK-OV-3 cells. Our study indicates that chemerin promotes invasion of OC cells via CMKLR1-RhoA/ROCK1-mediated EMT, offering a novel potential target for metastasis of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Sun
- First Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Guo
- First Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
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20
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Frisbie L, Pressimone C, Dyer E, Baruwal R, Garcia G, St Croix C, Watkins S, Calderone M, Gorecki G, Javed Z, Atiya HI, Hempel N, Pearson A, Coffman LG. Carcinoma-associated mesenchymal stem cells promote ovarian cancer heterogeneity and metastasis through mitochondrial transfer. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114551. [PMID: 39067022 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is characterized by early metastatic spread. This study demonstrates that carcinoma-associated mesenchymal stromal cells (CA-MSCs) enhance metastasis by increasing tumor cell heterogeneity through mitochondrial donation. CA-MSC mitochondrial donation preferentially occurs in ovarian cancer cells with low levels of mitochondria ("mito poor"). CA-MSC mitochondrial donation rescues the phenotype of mito poor cells, restoring their proliferative capacity, resistance to chemotherapy, and cellular respiration. Receipt of CA-MSC-derived mitochondria induces tumor cell transcriptional changes leading to the secretion of ANGPTL3, which enhances the proliferation of tumor cells without CA-MSC mitochondria, thus amplifying the impact of mitochondrial transfer. Donated CA-MSC mitochondrial DNA persisted in recipient tumor cells for at least 14 days. CA-MSC mitochondrial donation occurs in vivo, enhancing tumor cell heterogeneity and decreasing mouse survival. Collectively, this work identifies CA-MSC mitochondrial transfer as a critical mediator of ovarian cancer cell survival, heterogeneity, and metastasis and presents a unique therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Frisbie
- Department of Integrative Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Emma Dyer
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roja Baruwal
- Molecular Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Geyon Garcia
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Claudette St Croix
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Simon Watkins
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Calderone
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Grace Gorecki
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zaineb Javed
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Huda I Atiya
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Pearson
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lan G Coffman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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21
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Srivastava G, Mukherjee E, Mittal R, Ganjewala D. Geraniol and citral: recent developments in their anticancer credentials opening new vistas in complementary cancer therapy. Z NATURFORSCH C 2024; 79:163-177. [PMID: 38635829 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
About 10 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year. Globally, it is the second leading cause of death after heart disease, and by 2035, the death toll could reach 14.6 million. Several drugs and treatments are available to treat cancer, but survival rates remain low. Many studies in recent years have shown that plant-derived monoterpenes, particularly geraniol and citral, are effective against various cancers, including breast, liver, melanoma, endometrial, colon, prostate, and skin cancers. This trend has opened new possibilities for the development of new therapeutics or adjuvants in the field of cancer therapy. These monoterpenes can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy by modulating many signaling molecules and pathways within tumors. Analysis of reports on the anticancer effects published in the past 5 years provided an overview of the most important results of these and related properties. Also, the molecular mechanisms by which they exert their anticancer effects in cell and animal studies have been explained. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the scope of geraniol and citral as complementary or alternative treatment options in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Esha Mukherjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchika Mittal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Ganjewala
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
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22
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Tandukar B, Deivendran D, Chen L, Cruz-Pacheco N, Sharma H, Xu A, Bandari AK, Chen DB, George C, Marty A, Cho RJ, Cheng J, Saylor D, Gerami P, Arron ST, Bastian BC, Shain AH. Genetic evolution of keratinocytes to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.23.604673. [PMID: 39091884 PMCID: PMC11291049 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.23.604673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
We performed multi-omic profiling of epidermal keratinocytes, precancerous actinic keratoses, and squamous cell carcinomas to understand the molecular transitions during skin carcinogenesis. Single-cell mutational analyses showed that most keratinocytes in normal skin had lower mutation burdens than melanocytes and fibroblasts, however keratinocytes with TP53 or NOTCH1 mutations had substantially higher mutation burdens, suggesting that these mutations prime keratinocytes for transformation by increasing their mutation rate. Mutational profiling and spatial transcriptomics on squamous cell carcinomas adjacent to actinic keratoses revealed TERT promoter and CDKN2A mutations emerging in actinic keratoses, whereas additional mutations inactivating ARID2 and activating the MAPK-pathway delineated the transition to squamous cell carcinomas. Spatial variation in gene expression patterns was common in both tumor and immune cells, with high expression of checkpoint molecules at the invasive front of tumors. In conclusion, this study documents key events during the evolution of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishal Tandukar
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Delahny Deivendran
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Limin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Noel Cruz-Pacheco
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Albert Xu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aravind K. Bandari
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel B. Chen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christopher George
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Annika Marty
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raymond J. Cho
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Drew Saylor
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pedram Gerami
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Boris C. Bastian
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A. Hunter Shain
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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23
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Rivas D, de la Torre-Luque A, Moreno-Olmedo E, Moreno P, Suárez V, Serradilla A, Arregui G, Álvarez D, Sallabanda M, Lazo A, Núñez MI, López E. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy: is less fractionation more effective in adrenal and renal malignant lesions? World J Urol 2024; 42:435. [PMID: 39046532 PMCID: PMC11269452 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-05140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has become an excellent non-invasive alternative for many patients with primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and adrenal malignancies (AM). The aims of this study were to analyse how tumor-, patient- and treatment-related factors may influence the outcomes and side effects of SBRT and to assess its benefits as an alternative to surgery. METHODS This retrospective, multicenter study included 25 lesions in 23 patients treated with SBRT using different devices (LINAC, CyberKnife® and Tomotherapy®). A multivariate linear regression was used for the statistical study. RESULTS Local control time was higher than six months in more than 87% of patients and treatment response was complete for 73.68%. There was an overall 2-year survival of 40% and none of the deaths were secondary to renal or adrenal local progression. Patients treated with lower total radiation dose (mean [m] = 55 Gy) but less fractions with more dose per fraction (> 8.5 Gy) showed better outcome. Patients with previous chemotherapy and surgery treatments also showed higher complete response and disease-free survival (> 6 months). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of ultra-hypofractionated regimens with higher doses per session. Thus, the referral of patients with RCC and AM to Radiotherapy and Oncology departments should be encouraged supporting the role of SBRT as a minimally invasive and outpatient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rivas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare, Málaga, Spain
- Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alejandro de la Torre-Luque
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid. CIBERSAM ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Moreno-Olmedo
- Department of Stereotactic and MR-guided Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Genesiscare, Oxford, UK
| | - Paloma Moreno
- Department of Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Ana Serradilla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | | | | | - Morena Sallabanda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Instituto de Radiocirugía Avanzada y Centro de Protonterapia Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Lazo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Isabel Núñez
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain.
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, Granada University, Granada, Spain.
- Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs. Granada, Spain.
| | - Escarlata López
- GenesisCare South Spain Chief Medical Officer, Málaga, Spain
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24
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Kordic M, Martinovic D, Puizina E, Bozic J, Zubcic Z, Dediol E. Impact of Human Papillomavirus on microRNA-21 Expression in Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8038. [PMID: 39125608 PMCID: PMC11311551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, microRNAs (miR) were identified to have potential links with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) oncogenesis, specifically miR-21. Since HPV is a major risk factor for the development of these diseases, we aimed to search the literature regarding miR-21 expression in both HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC. The search was performed in the PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane electronic databases. The research question was as follows: Is there a difference in the tissue expression of miR-21 between patients with HPV-positive and those with HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC? After conducting a meticulous search strategy, four studies were included, and they had a pooled sample size of 621 subjects with OSCC and/or OPSCC. Three studies did not find any significant difference in miR-21 expression between HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC. The findings of this systematic review showed that there are no differences in miR-21 expression between HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that there are still insufficient studies regarding this important subject, because understanding how HPV influences miR-21 expression and its downstream effects can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying OSCC/OPSCC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Kordic
- Department of ENT and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Dinko Martinovic
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Ema Puizina
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Zeljko Zubcic
- Department of ENT, University Hospital of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Emil Dediol
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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25
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Ahmed MM, Awd AA, Elsayed MM, Ibrahim BA, Abdelnour HM. Expression of miR-34a, RASSF1A and E-cadherin in relation to PRB in endometrioid carcinoma and its precursor. Med Mol Morphol 2024:10.1007/s00795-024-00397-w. [PMID: 39039188 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-024-00397-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The current study aims to evaluate the levels of miR-34a, RASSF1A, and E-cadherin in relation to the levels of isoform B of progesterone receptor (PRB) in endometrioid carcinoma (EC) and atypical hyperplasia (AEH) and their association with clinicopathological parameters. 105 cases (35 EC, 35 AEH, and 35 control) were involved in this study. Cases of AEH received treatment, and other samples were obtained after 6 months to assess the response. E-cadherin and PRB were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), RASSFA methylation by MSP-PCR, and its serum level by ELISA and miR-34a via quantitative PCR. The expressions of miR-34a, RASSF1A, E-cadherin, and PRB differ among the studied groups; all were higher in normal compared with AEH and EC, with a statistically significant difference. The higher PRB expression and decreased miR-34a and RASSF1A expression were associated with resistance to hormonal therapy in AEH. High PRB in EC is associated with lower RASSFA1, E-cadherin, and miR-34a. Decreased expressions of RASSF1A, miR-34a, and E-cadherin had a significant connection to advanced stages. Expression of PRB and miR-34a and serum levels of RASSF1A predict response to treatment in cases of AEH. High PRB and low E-cadherin expression are associated with progressive disease in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mostafa Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Amr A Awd
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Basma A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hanim M Abdelnour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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26
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Luo YC, Yang TY, Li W, Yu QJ, Xia X, Lin ZY, Chen RD, Cheng L. Perioperative and oncologic outcomes of robot-assisted versus open surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:288. [PMID: 39039276 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-02046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare perioperative and oncologic outcomes in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treated with robotic-assisted surgery versus open laparotomy. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies up to June 15, 2024, were identified using PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Additionally, reference lists of included studies, relevant review articles, and clinical guidelines were manually searched. The primary outcomes evaluated were length of stay, 90-day mortality, postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), and Post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage (PPH). Secondary outcomes included estimated blood loss, reoperation rate, lymph node yield, and operative time. The final analysis included 10 retrospective cohort studies involving 23,272 patients (2,179 robotic-assisted and 21,093 open surgery). There were no significant differences between the two procedures in terms of postoperative pancreatic fistula, Post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage, lymph node yield, and operative time. However, patients undergoing robotic-assisted surgery had shorter lengths of stay, lower 90-day mortality, and less estimated blood loss compared to those undergoing open surgery. The reoperation rate was higher for the robotic-assisted group. Robotic-assisted surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is safe and feasible. Compared to open surgery, it offers better perioperative and short-term oncologic outcomes, but with a higher risk of reoperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Luo
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-Yu Yang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qian-Jun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Ru-De Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China.
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Bai J, Yao F, Fu Y, Kang N, Wen G. LncRNA PCAT6 promotes the occurrence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via modulation of the miR-4731-5p/NOTCH3 axis. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2024; 65:474-481. [PMID: 38950346 PMCID: PMC11262867 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers that affect the head and neck region. Recent researches have confirmed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) present an emerging role in diversiform diseases including cancers. Prostate cancer-associated ncRNA transcript 6 (PCAT6) is an oncogene in lung cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer and gastric cancer, but its role in LSCC is still unknown. In the current study, we attempted to figure out the role of PCAT6 in LSCC. RT-qPCR was to analyze PCAT6 expression in LSCC cells. Functional assays were to uncover the role of PCAT6 in LSCC. Mechanism assays were to explore the regulatory mechanism behind PCAT6 in LSCC. PCAT6 exhibited higher expression in LSCC cells and PCAT6 strengthened cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Furthermore, lncRNA PCAT6 modulated notch receptor 3 expression and activated NOTCH signaling pathway via serving as a sponge for miR-4731-5p. Taken together, lncRNA PCAT6 was identified as an oncogene in LSCC, which revealed that PCAT6 might be used as potential therapeutic target for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Bai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yancheng First People's Hospital, Yancheng Clinical College, Jiangsu University, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yancheng First People's Hospital, Yancheng Clinical College, Jiangsu University, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yeyun Fu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yancheng First People's Hospital, Yancheng Clinical College, Jiangsu University, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ningxin Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yancheng First People's Hospital, Yancheng Clinical College, Jiangsu University, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guohua Wen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yancheng First People's Hospital, Yancheng Clinical College, Jiangsu University, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
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Li Y, Wang X, Yu H, Cao J, Xie J, Zhou J, Feng Z, Chen W. YAP-LAMB3 axis dictates cellular resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 39016677 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors with poor prognosis and inadequate response to treatment, such as gemcitabine (Gem), the first-line chemotherapeutic drug. Understanding the molecular determinants that control drug resistance to Gem is critical to predict potentially responsive patients and improve the benefits of Gem therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that certain developmental pathways, such as Hippo signaling, are aberrated and play important roles in Gem resistance in cancers. Although Hippo signaling has been reported to play a role in chemoresistance in cancers, it has not been clarified which specific target gene(s) functionally mediates the effect. In the present study, we found that YAP serves as a potent barrier for the cellular sensitivity of PDAC cells to Gem. We then identified and characterized laminin subunit beta 3 (LAMB3) as a bona fide target of YAP-TEAD4 to amplify YAP signaling via a feedback loop. Such a YAP-LAMB3 axis is critical to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition and mediate Gem resistance. Taken together, we uncovered that YAP-LAMB3 axis is an important regulator of Gem, thus providing potential therapeutic targets for overcoming Gem resistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yecheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Haian People's Hospital, Haian, China
| | - Hongpei Yu
- General Surgery Department, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jinming Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinhong Zhou
- General Surgery Department, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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29
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Broderick A, Pan E, Li J, Chu A, Hwang C, Barata PC, Cackowski FC, Labriola M, Ghose A, Bilen MA, Kilari D, Thapa B, Piero M, Graham L, Tripathi A, Garje R, Koshkin VS, Hernandez E, Dorff TB, Schweizer MT, Alva AS, McKay RR, Armstrong AJ. Clinical implications of Wnt pathway genetic alterations in men with advanced prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024:10.1038/s41391-024-00869-1. [PMID: 39019980 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant Wnt signaling has been implicated in prostate cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis in preclinical models but the impact of genetic alterations in Wnt signaling genes in men with advanced prostate cancer is unknown. METHODS We utilized the Prostate Cancer Precision Medicine Multi-Institutional Collaborative Effort (PROMISE) clinical-genomic database for this retrospective analysis. Patients with activating mutations in CTNNB1 or RSPO2 or inactivating mutations in APC, RNF43, or ZNRF3 were defined as Wnt-altered, while those lacking such alterations were defined as Wnt non-altered. We compared patient characteristics and clinical outcomes as well as co-occurring genetic alterations according to Wnt alteration status. RESULTS Of the 1498 patients included, 193 (12.9%) were Wnt-altered. These men had a statistically significant 2-fold increased prevalence of liver and lung metastases as compared with Wnt non-altered patients at the time of initial diagnosis, (4.66% v 2.15% ; 6.22% v 3.07%), first metastatic disease diagnosis (10.88% v 5.29%; 13.99% v 6.21%), and CRPC development (11.40% v 6.36%; 12.95% v 5.29%). Wnt alterations were associated with more co-occurring alterations in RB1 (10.4% v 6.2%), AR (38.9% vs 25.7%), SPOP (13.5% vs 4.1%), FOXA1 (6.7% vs 2.8%), and PIK3CA (10.9% vs 5.1%). We found no significant differences in overall survival or other clinical outcomes from initial diagnosis, first metastatic disease, diagnosis of CRPC, or with AR inhibition for mCRPC between the Wnt groups. CONCLUSIONS Wnt-altered patients with prostate cancer have a higher prevalence of visceral metastases and are enriched in RB1, AR, SPOP, FOXA1, and PIK3CA alterations. Despite these associations, Wnt alterations were not associated with worse survival or treatment outcomes in men with advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Broderick
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Pan
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jinju Li
- Rogel Cancer Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alec Chu
- Pathology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Clara Hwang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pedro C Barata
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Matthew Labriola
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alyssa Ghose
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Deepak Kilari
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Bicky Thapa
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael Piero
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Laura Graham
- University of Colorado Cancer Center Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Abhishek Tripathi
- Department of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rohan Garje
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vadim S Koshkin
- University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erik Hernandez
- University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tanya B Dorff
- Department of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Ajjai Shivaram Alva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rana R McKay
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew J Armstrong
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Attwa MW, Abdelhameed AS, Kadi AA. Characterization of the in vitro metabolic profile of nazartinib in HLMs using UPLC-MS/MS method: In silico metabolic lability and DEREK structural alerts screening using StarDrop software. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34109. [PMID: 39091946 PMCID: PMC11292529 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The orally given, irreversible, third-generation inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), known as Nazartinib (EGF816), is now undergoing investigation in Phase II clinical trials conducted by Novartis for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. The primary aim of the current research was to establish a rapid, specific, environmentally friendly, and highly versatile UPLC-MS/MS methodology for the determination of nazartinib (NZT) levels in human liver microsomes (HLMs). Subsequently, same approach was used to examine the metabolic stability of NZT. The UPLC-MS/MS method employed in HLMs was validated as stated in the bioanalytical method validation criteria outlined by the US- FDA. The evaluation of the metabolic stability of NZT and the identification of potentially structural alarms were performed using the StarDrop software package that includes the P450 and DEREK software. The calibration curve for NZT showed a linearity in the range from 1 to 3000 ng/mL. The inter-day accuracy and precision exhibited a range of values between -4.33 % and 4.43 %, whereas the intra-day accuracy and precision shown a range of values between -2.78 % and 7.10 %. The sensitivity of the developed approach was verified through the determination of a LLOQ of 0.39 ng/mL. The intrinsic clearance and in vitro half-life of NZT were assessed to be 46.48 mL/min/kg and 17.44 min, respectively. In our preceding inquiry, we have effectively discerned the bioactivation center, denoted by the carbon atom between the unsaturated conjugated system and aliphatic linear tertiary amine. In the context of computational software, making minor adjustments or substituting the dimethylamino-butenoyl moiety throughout the drug design process may increase the metabolic stability and safety properties of new synthesized derivatives. The efficiency of utilizing different in silico software approaches to conserve resources and reduce effort was proved by the outcomes attained from in vitro incubation experiments and the use of NZT in silico software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed W. Attwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan A. Kadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Dahiya DS, Shah YR, Canakis A, Parikh C, Chandan S, Ali H, Gangwani MK, Pinnam BSM, Singh S, Sohail AH, Patel R, Ramai D, Al-Haddad M, Baron T, Rastogi A. Groove pancreatitis: From enigma to future directions-A comprehensive review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 39004833 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Groove pancreatitis (GP) is a rare and clinically distinct form of chronic pancreatitis affecting the pancreaticoduodenal groove comprising the head of the pancreas, duodenum, and the common bile duct. It is more prevalent in individuals in their 4-5th decade of life and disproportionately affects men compared with women. Excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, pancreatic ductal stones, pancreatic divisum, annular pancreas, ectopic pancreas, duodenal wall thickening, and peptic ulcers are significant risk factors implicated in the development of GP. The usual presenting symptoms include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and jaundice. Establishing a diagnosis of GP is often challenging due to significant clinical and radiological overlap with numerous benign and malignant conditions affecting the same anatomical location. This can lead to a delay in initiation of treatment leading to increasing morbidity, mortality, and complication rates. Promising research in artificial intelligence (AI) has garnered immense interest in recent years. Due to its widespread application in diagnostic imaging with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity, AI has the potential of becoming a vital tool in differentiating GP from pancreatic malignancies, thereby preventing a missed or delayed diagnosis. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of GP, covering the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, radiological and endoscopic evaluation, management strategies, and future directions. This article also aims to increase awareness about this lesser known and often-misdiagnosed clinical entity amongst clinicians to ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant S Dahiya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Motility, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Yash R Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State University, Pontiac, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew Canakis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charmy Parikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carle BroMenn Medical Center, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Saurabh Chandan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Hassam Ali
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, East Carolina University/Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Manesh K Gangwani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas For Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Bhanu S M Pinnam
- Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sahib Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amir H Sohail
- Complex Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Raj Patel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Daryl Ramai
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Mary's Medical Center, Langhorne, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad Al-Haddad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Todd Baron
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amit Rastogi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Motility, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Han QJ, Zhu YP, Sun J, Ding XY, Wang X, Zhang QZ. PTGES2 and RNASET2 identified as novel potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for basal cell carcinoma: insights from proteome-wide mendelian randomization, colocalization, and MR-PheWAS analyses. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1418560. [PMID: 39035989 PMCID: PMC11257982 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1418560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, lacking reliable biomarkers or therapeutic targets for effective treatment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can aid in identifying drug targets, repurposing existing drugs, predicting clinical trial side effects, and reclassifying patients in clinical utility. Hence, the present study investigates the association between plasma proteins and skin cancer to identify effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC. Methods Proteome-wide mendelian randomization was performed using inverse-variance-weight and Wald Ratio methods, leveraging 1 Mb cis protein quantitative trait loci (cis-pQTLs) in the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP) and the deCODE Health Study, to determine the causal relationship between plasma proteins and skin cancer and its subtypes in the FinnGen R10 study and the SAIGE database of Lee lab. Significant association with skin cancer and its subtypes was defined as a false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05. pQTL to GWAS colocalization analysis was executed using a Bayesian model to evaluate five exclusive hypotheses. Strong colocalization evidence was defined as a posterior probability for shared causal variants (PP.H4) of ≥0.85. Mendelian randomization-Phenome-wide association studies (MR-PheWAS) were used to evaluate potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for skin cancer and its subtypes within a phenome-wide human disease category. Results PTGES2, RNASET2, SF3B4, STX8, ENO2, and HS3ST3B1 (besides RNASET2, five other plasma proteins were previously unknown in expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL)) were significantly associated with BCC after FDR correction in the UKB-PPP and deCODE studies. Reverse MR showed no association between BCC and these proteins. PTGES2 and RNASET2 exhibited strong evidence of colocalization with BCC based on a posterior probability PP.H4 >0.92. Furthermore, MR-PheWAS analysis showed that BCC was the most significant phenotype associated with PTGES2 and RNASET2 among 2,408 phenotypes in the FinnGen R10 study. Therefore, PTGES2 and RNASET2 are highlighted as effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC within the phenome-wide human disease category. Conclusion The study identifies PTGES2 and RNASET2 plasma proteins as novel, reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC, suggesting more effective clinical application strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ju Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Pan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang-Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
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Demirlenk YM, Albadawi H, Zhang Z, Atar D, Cevik E, Keum H, Kim J, Rehman S, Gunduz S, Graf E, Mayer JL, Dos Santos PR, Oklu R. Prostate tissue ablation and drug delivery by an image-guided injectable ionic liquid in ex vivo and in vivo models. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadn7982. [PMID: 38959326 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adn7982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are often associated with lower urinary tract symptoms, which can severely affect patient quality of life. To address this challenge, we developed and optimized an injectable compound, prostate ablation and drug delivery agent (PADA), for percutaneous prostate tissue ablation and concurrently delivered therapeutic agents. PADA is an ionic liquid composed of choline and geranic acid mixed with anticancer therapeutics and a contrast agent. The PADA formulation was optimized for mechanical properties compatible with hand injection, diffusion capability, cytotoxicity against prostate cells, and visibility of an x-ray contrast agent. PADA also exhibited antibacterial properties against highly resistant clinically isolated bacteria in vitro. Ultrasound-guided injection, dispersion of PADA in the tissue, and tissue ablation were tested ex vivo in healthy porcine, canine, and human prostates and in freshly resected human tumors. In vivo testing was conducted in a murine subcutaneous tumor model and in the canine prostate. In all models, PADA decreased the number of viable cells in the region of dispersion and supported the delivery of nivolumab throughout a portion of the tissue. In canine survival experiments, there were no adverse events and no impact on urination. The injection approach was easy to perform under ultrasound guidance and produced a localized effect with a favorable safety profile. These findings suggest that PADA is a promising therapeutic prostate ablation strategy to treat lower urinary tract symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf M Demirlenk
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Hassan Albadawi
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Zefu Zhang
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Dila Atar
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Enes Cevik
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Hyeongseop Keum
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Suliman Rehman
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Seyda Gunduz
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istinye University, Bahcesehir Liv Hospital, Istanbul 34517, Turkey
| | - Erin Graf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd., Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Joseph L Mayer
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Pedro R Dos Santos
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd., Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd., Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
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Rossotti R, Nava A, Baiguera C, Baldassari L, Moioli MC, Fanti D, D'Amico F, Calzavara D, Bossolasco S, Tamburini AM, Canetti D, Bana NB, Cernuschi M, Vismara C, Puoti M. Oral HPV infection clearance and acquisition after nonavalent vaccination in men who have sex with men and transgender women: a prospective analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024:10.1007/s10096-024-04887-8. [PMID: 38954164 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Oral HPV infection is the main risk factor for the development of oropharyngeal carcinoma. Men who have sex with men (MSM), especially if living with HIV (PLWH), are at increased risk of infection and consequently of cancer development. Aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of nonavalent vaccine on oral HPV infection in a cohort of MSM and transgender women (TGW). This prospective study included all MSM and TGW who started nonavalent HPV vaccination from May 2019 to September 2021. Oral rinse was collected before each vaccine administration and after six months of follow up. Descriptive statistics were used. Kaplan Meier probability curves and Cox regression models for HPV acquisition and clearance were calculated. The analysis included 211 individuals (202 MSM and 9 TGW). PLWH were 138 (65.4%). Baseline oral rinse was positive in 30 subjects (14.2%). Positivity rate did not change over time (p = 0.742), even when restricting the analysis only to high-risk genotypes (p = 0.575) and to genotypes covered by vaccine (p = 0.894). The risk to acquire HPV infection was 12.8% at one year and 33.4% at two years after vaccination. The probability to clear the infection was 67.6% at one year and 87.9% at two years. HIV infection had no impact on vaccine efficacy. Age above 45 years was the only factor associated to HPV acquisition (aHR 4.06, 95% CI 1.03-15.98, p = 0.045). Prevalence of oral HPV infection was higher in PLWH, but HIV had no impact on viral clearance or acquisition after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rossotti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20162, Italy.
- Milano Checkpoint ETS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alice Nava
- Clinical Microbiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Baiguera
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20162, Italy
| | - Luca Baldassari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20162, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Moioli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20162, Italy
| | - Diana Fanti
- Clinical Microbiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico D'Amico
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20162, Italy
| | | | - Simona Bossolasco
- Milano Checkpoint ETS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Scientifico Universitario San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Marco Tamburini
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Istituto Scientifico Universitario San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Diana Canetti
- Milano Checkpoint ETS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Scientifico Universitario San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas Brian Bana
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20162, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Cernuschi
- Milano Checkpoint ETS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Scientifico Universitario San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vismara
- Clinical Microbiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Puoti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milan, 20162, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Martins FE, Lumen N, Holm HV. Management of the Devastated Bladder Outlet after Prostate CANCER Treatment. Curr Urol Rep 2024; 25:149-162. [PMID: 38750347 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-024-01206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Devastating complications of the bladder outlet resulting from prostate cancer treatments are relatively uncommon. However, the combination of the high incidence of prostate cancer and patient longevity after treatment have raised awareness of adverse outcomes deteriorating patients' quality of life. This narrative review discusses the diagnostic work-up and management options for bladder outlet obstruction resulting from prostate cancer treatments, including those that require urinary diversion. RECENT FINDINGS The devastated bladder outlet can be a consequence of the treatment of benign conditions, but more frequently from complications of pelvic cancer treatments. Regardless of etiology, the initial treatment ladder involves endoluminal options such as dilation and direct vision internal urethrotomy, with or without intralesional injection of anti-fibrotic agents. If these conservative strategies fail, surgical reconstruction should be considered. Although surgical reconstruction provides the best prospect of durable success, reconstructive procedures are also associated with serious complications. In the worst circumstances, such as prior radiotherapy, failed reconstruction, devastated bladder outlet with end-stage bladders, or patient's severe comorbidities, reconstruction may neither be realistic nor justified. Urinary diversion with or without cystectomy may be the best option for these patients. Thorough patient counseling before treatment selection is of utmost importance. Outcomes and repercussions on quality of life vary extensively with management options. Meticulous preoperative diagnostic evaluation is paramount in selecting the right treatment strategy for each individual patient. The risk of bladder outlet obstruction, and its severest form, devastated bladder outlet, after treatment of prostate cancer is not negligible, especially following radiation. Management includes endoluminal treatment, open or robot-assisted laparoscopic reconstruction, and urinary diversion in the worst circumstances, with varying success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco E Martins
- Department of Urology, University of Lisbon, School of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário, Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nicolaas Lumen
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Lin H, Zhang X, Feng Y, Gong Z, Li J, Wang W, Fan J. Advancing lung adenocarcinoma prognosis and immunotherapy prediction with a multi-omics consensus machine learning approach. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18520. [PMID: 38958523 PMCID: PMC11221067 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a tumour characterized by high tumour heterogeneity. Although there are numerous prognostic and immunotherapeutic options available for LUAD, there is a dearth of precise, individualized treatment plans. We integrated mRNA, lncRNA, microRNA, methylation and mutation data from the TCGA database for LUAD. Utilizing ten clustering algorithms, we identified stable multi-omics consensus clusters (MOCs). These data were then amalgamated with ten machine learning approaches to develop a robust model capable of reliably identifying patient prognosis and predicting immunotherapy outcomes. Through ten clustering algorithms, two prognostically relevant MOCs were identified, with MOC2 showing more favourable outcomes. We subsequently constructed a MOCs-associated machine learning model (MOCM) based on eight MOCs-specific hub genes. Patients characterized by a lower MOCM score exhibited better overall survival and responses to immunotherapy. These findings were consistent across multiple datasets, and compared to many previously published LUAD biomarkers, our MOCM score demonstrated superior predictive performance. Notably, the low MOCM group was more inclined towards 'hot' tumours, characterized by higher levels of immune cell infiltration. Intriguingly, a significant positive correlation between GJB3 and the MOCM score (R = 0.77, p < 0.01) was discovered. Further experiments confirmed that GJB3 significantly enhances LUAD proliferation, invasion and migration, indicating its potential as a key target for LUAD treatment. Our developed MOCM score accurately predicts the prognosis of LUAD patients and identifies potential beneficiaries of immunotherapy, offering broad clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Lin
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yanlong Feng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zetian Gong
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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Sun H, Li X, Liu Q, Sheng H, Zhu L. pH-responsive self-assembled nanoparticles for tumor-targeted drug delivery. J Drug Target 2024; 32:672-706. [PMID: 38682299 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2349124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of drug delivery have opened new avenues for the development of novel nanodrug delivery systems (NDDS) in cancer therapy. Self-assembled nanoparticles (SANPs) based on tumour microenvironment have great advantages in improving antitumor effect, and pH-responsive SANPs prepared by the combination of pH-responsive nanomaterials and self-assembly technology can effectively improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of antitumor drugs. In this review, we describe the characteristics of self-assembly and its driving force, the mechanism of pH-responsive NDDS, and the nanomaterials for pH-responsive SANPs type. A series of pH-responsive SANPs for tumour-targeted drug delivery are discussed, with an emphasis on the relation between structural features and theranostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henglai Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huagang Sheng
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Liqiao Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Martino M, Gamberi B, Antonioli E, Aquino S, Della Pepa R, Malerba L, Mangiacavalli S, Pezzatti S, Bringhen S, Zamagni E. Anti-BCMA CAR-T cell-based therapies and bispecific antibodies in the immunotherapy era: are we ready for this? Expert Rev Hematol 2024; 17:375-390. [PMID: 38770902 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2024.2357274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Therapeutic strategies against multiple myeloma (MM) have evolved dramatically in recent decades, with unprecedent results in the treatment landscape, culminating in the recent incorporation of novel agents in the anti-myeloma armamentarium. AREAS COVERED BCMA represents one of the most promising targets in MM and currently available immune approaches, either approved or under active investigation, are clearly showing their greater potential over standard regimens. In this context, immunotherapies based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T-cells and bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have taken center stage, being the ones that are yielding the most promising results in clinical trials. This review focuses on the current landscape of BsAbs and CAR-T, summarizing the latest advances and possible future developments. EXPERT OPINION CAR-T and BsAbs anti-BCMA strategies represent breakthrough therapies against MM. However, their inclusion in clinical practice is almost feared, due to the associated limitations, some of which have been addressed here. Meanwhile, all the efforts should be focused on individualizing and choosing the most suitable candidates for each treatment and to understand how to combine, or sequence, these therapies to improve efficacy and minimize toxicity, especially for those patients with limited available treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Martino
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies Unit (CTMO), Grande Ospedale Metropolitano "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli", Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Barbara Gamberi
- Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Sara Aquino
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberta Della Pepa
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Lara Malerba
- Haematology and Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Center, AST, Pesaro Urbino, Pesaro, Italy
| | | | - Sara Pezzatti
- Department of Haematology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Sara Bringhen
- SSD Clinical trial in oncoematologia e mieloma multiplo, Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Zamagni
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Bashti M, DeLong C, Gurses ME, Lu VM, Merenzon M, Morell A, Daggubati L, Komotar RJ, Shah AH, Ivan ME. Surgical Management of Brain Metastasis from Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Single-Center Experience. World Neurosurg 2024; 187:e568-e576. [PMID: 38704143 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases from esophageal cancer (BMEC) are rare and aggressive, with limited literature on optimal treatment modalities and a standard of care yet to be established. The objective of this study was to systematically review existing literature and perform a retrospective analysis of our institution's patients to evaluate the influence of different treatment modalities on patient outcomes. METHODS A systematic review of the literature following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and a retrospective review of our institutional experience with BMEC were both conducted. Data based on mean survival,histology, metastasis location, and treatment modality were abstracted. RESULTS A total of 48 studies representing 136 patients with BMEC were identified, in addition to the 11 patients treated at our institution. There were a total of 100 males (12 unreported), with a median age of 62.2 at diagnosis in our systematic review, along with 8 males with a median age of 62 in our institutional review. Collectively, survival rates observed based on histology were not similar (squamous cell carcinoma: 9.2 months, adenocarcinoma: 13.4 months), however, based on treatment modalities (surgery: 11.6 months, radiation: 10.4 months, chemotherapy: 12.3 months), and metastasis location (supratentorial: 10.5 months, infratentorial: 9.9 months), the survival times were comparable. CONCLUSIONS Our review suggests that causes of death were often independent of brain metastases highlighting the need for further studies on early detection and prevention of primary esophageal cancer, as well as improved treatment modalities for BMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malek Bashti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
| | - Chase DeLong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Muhammet Enes Gurses
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Victor M Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Martín Merenzon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alexis Morell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lekhaj Daggubati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ricardo Jorge Komotar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ashish H Shah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michael E Ivan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, USA
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Christian LM, Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Cole SW, Burd CE, Madison AA, Wilson SJ, Rosko AE. Psychoneuroimmunology in multiple myeloma and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant: Opportunities for research among patients and caregivers. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:507-519. [PMID: 38643954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer and is the leading indication for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). To be eligible for HSCT, a patient must have a caregiver, as caregivers play a central role in HSCT preparation and recovery. MM patients remain on treatment indefinitely, and thus patients and their caregivers face long-term challenges including the intensity of HSCT and perpetual therapy after transplant. Importantly, both patients and their caregivers show heightened depressive and anxiety symptoms, with dyadic correspondence evidenced and caregivers' distress often exceeding that of patients. An extensive psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) literature links distress with health via immune and neuroendocrine dysregulation as well as biological aging. However, data on PNI in the context of multiple myeloma - in patients or caregivers - are remarkably limited. Distress in MM patients has been associated with poorer outcomes including higher inflammation, greater one year post-HSCT hospital readmissions, and worse overall survival. Further, anxiety and depression are linked to biological aging and may contribute to the poor long-term health of both patients and caregivers. Because MM generally affects older adults, individual differences in biological aging may represent an important modifier of MM biology and HSCT treatment outcomes. There are a number of clinical scenarios in which biologically younger people could be prescribed more intensive therapies, with potential for greater benefit, by using a personalized cancer therapy approach based on the quantification of physiologic reserve. Further, despite considerable psychological demands, the effects of distress on health among MM caregivers is largely unexamined. Within this context, the current critical review highlights gaps in knowledge at the intersection of HSCT, inflammation, and biological aging in the context of MM. Research in this area hold promise for opportunities for novel and impactful psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) research to enhance health outcomes, quality of life, and longevity among both MM patients and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Christian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA; The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Janice K Kiecolt-Glaser
- The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steve W Cole
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Christin E Burd
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Annelise A Madison
- The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Veteran's Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Stephanie J Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75206, USA
| | - Ashley E Rosko
- Division of Hematology, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Zhong R, Zhan J, Zhang S. Integrative Analysis Reveals STC2 as a Prognostic Biomarker of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3891-3913. [PMID: 37792175 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is involved in many tumour types, but it remains unclear what its biological function is in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Therefore, we investigated STC2's expression, potential function, and prognostic significance of in LSCC. The expression and prognosis of STC2 in LSCC were described using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. In the TCGA database, the relationship between STC2 and immune infiltration, expression of immune cell chemokine and receptor genes, immune cell molecular marker genes, and epithelial‒mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker genes were analysed. The biological processes involved in STC2 and its expression-related genes were analysed comprehensively using bioinformatics. The single-gene ceRNA network of STC2 was constructed in the TCGA database. Finally, LSCC patients' tumour tissue STC2 expression was verified. STC2 silencing with the RNAi technique was used for the determination of cellular functions in a laryngeal cancer cell line. STC2 expression was higher in most tumours, including LSCC, than in normal tissues and was associated with poor prognosis. The relative proportions of naïve B, plasma, follicular helper T, and macrophage M0 cells in LSCC and normal samples differed significantly. STC2 expression correlated significantly positively with that of TGFB1 (biomarker of Tregs) and significantly negatively with that of D79A and CD19 (biomarkers of B cells). Furthermore, STC2 affected chemokine and receptor gene expression in immune cells. STC2 expression correlated with EMT marker gene expression in LSCC. STC2 was enriched in the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM) organisation, ECM-receptor interaction, and other tumour-related signalling pathways. STC2 was highly expressed in our clinical samples. N-cadherin and vimentin expression were decreased in the TU686 cell line after successful silencing of STC2, indicating that high STC2 expression may prompt LSCC cells to adopt a mesenchymal cell phenotype. STC2 silencing substantially reduced proliferation and migration in the TU686 cell line. STC2 may be a promising predictive biomarker for tumours, providing new approaches for LSCC diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhong
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiandong Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Scandurra C, Björkström K, Caputo M, Sarcina L, Genco E, Modena F, Viola FA, Brunetti C, Kovács‐Vajna ZM, Franco CD, Haeberle L, Larizza P, Mancini MT, Österbacka R, Reeves W, Scamarcio G, Wheeler M, Caironi M, Cantatore E, Torricelli F, Esposito I, Macchia E, Torsi L. Analysis of Clinical Samples of Pancreatic Cyst's Lesions with A Multi-Analyte Bioelectronic Simot Array Benchmarked Against Ultrasensitive Chemiluminescent Immunoassay. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308141. [PMID: 38234100 PMCID: PMC11251558 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, ranking as the third factor in cancer-related deaths, necessitates enhanced diagnostic measures through early detection. In response, SiMoT-Single-molecule with a large Transistor multiplexing array, achieving a Technology Readiness Level of 5, is proposed for a timely identification of pancreatic cancer precursor cysts and is benchmarked against the commercially available chemiluminescent immunoassay SIMOA (Single molecule array) SP-X System. A cohort of 39 samples, comprising 33 cyst fluids and 6 blood plasma specimens, undergoes detailed examination with both technologies. The SiMoT array targets oncoproteins MUC1 and CD55, and oncogene KRAS, while the SIMOA SP-X planar technology exclusively focuses on MUC1 and CD55. Employing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for multivariate data processing, the SiMoT array demonstrates effective discrimination of malignant/pre-invasive high-grade or potentially malignant low-grade pancreatic cysts from benign non-mucinous cysts. Conversely, PCA analysis applied to SIMOA assay reveals less effective differentiation ability among the three cyst classes. Notably, SiMoT unique capability of concurrently analyzing protein and genetic markers with the threshold of one single molecule in 0.1 mL positions it as a comprehensive and reliable diagnostic tool. The electronic response generated by the SiMoT array facilitates direct digital data communication, suggesting potential applications in the development of field-deployable liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Scandurra
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centre for Colloid and Surface ScienceUniversità degli Studi di Bari Aldo MoroBari20125Italy
| | - Kim Björkström
- The Faculty of Science and EngineeringÅbo Akademi UniversityTurku20500Finland
| | - Mariapia Caputo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia‐Scienze del FarmacoUniversità degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”Bari70125Italy
| | - Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centre for Colloid and Surface ScienceUniversità degli Studi di Bari Aldo MoroBari20125Italy
| | - Enrico Genco
- Department of Electrical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Francesco Modena
- Center for Nano Science and TechnologyIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Rubattino 81Milan20134Italy
| | - Fabrizio Antonio Viola
- Center for Nano Science and TechnologyIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Rubattino 81Milan20134Italy
- Present address:
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica ed ElettronicaUniversità degli Studi di CagliariVia Marengo 3Cagliari09123Italy
| | | | - Zsolt M. Kovács‐Vajna
- Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'InformazioneUniversità degli Studi di BresciaBrescia25123Italy
| | | | - Lena Haeberle
- Institute of PathologyHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of Düsseldorf40225DuesseldorfGermany
| | - Piero Larizza
- Masmec Biomed – Masmec SpA divisionModugno (BA)70026Italy
| | | | - Ronald Österbacka
- The Faculty of Science and EngineeringÅbo Akademi UniversityTurku20500Finland
| | | | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- Dipartimento Interateneo di FisicaUniversità degli Studi di Bari Aldo MoroBari70125Italy
| | | | - Mario Caironi
- Center for Nano Science and TechnologyIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Rubattino 81Milan20134Italy
| | - Eugenio Cantatore
- Department of Electrical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Torricelli
- Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'InformazioneUniversità degli Studi di BresciaBrescia25123Italy
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of PathologyHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of Düsseldorf40225DuesseldorfGermany
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- The Faculty of Science and EngineeringÅbo Akademi UniversityTurku20500Finland
- Dipartimento di Farmacia‐Scienze del FarmacoUniversità degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”Bari70125Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centre for Colloid and Surface ScienceUniversità degli Studi di Bari Aldo MoroBari20125Italy
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Guo J, Wang H, Zou X, Huang R, Liang Z, Liang S. The challenge of survivors of gynecological carcinomas: a retrospective study on occurrence of second tumors. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 310:525-533. [PMID: 38709268 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the epidemiologic characteristics and risk of other tumors in survivors of gynecological tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER). RESULTS The morbidity of other malignant tumors in patients with gynecological cancer was 8.07%. The most common subsequent tumors are breast, lung, colorectal, thyroid, and bladder cancers. Taking the incidence rate of the general population as reference, the second tumor with the highest relative risk in patients with cervical cancer is vulvar cancer. Bladder cancer is the second tumor with the highest relative risk value both in patients with corpus and ovarian cancer. The median period from the diagnosis of the initial tumor to the diagnosis of the second tumor was 5 years. Most patients with other tumors following gynecological cancer showed worse prognosis than patients with gynecological tumors only. However, thyroid cancer following ovarian cancer is a protective factor in survival. CONCLUSION Patients with gynecological tumors have a significantly higher risk of malignant tumors in other systems compared to ordinary population. It is necessary to be vigilant against subsequent high-risk tumors and tumors with poor prognosis within 5 years of initial diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Xueke Zou
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Roujie Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuo Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, China.
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Libia A, Marchese T, D’Ugo S, Piscitelli P, Castellana F, Clodoveo ML, Zupo R, Spampinato MG. Use of Vascular Shunt at the Time of Pancreatectomy with Venous Resection: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2361. [PMID: 39001423 PMCID: PMC11240683 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising diffusion of vascular resections during complex pancreatectomy for malignancy, for both oncological and technical matters, brought with it the use of vascular shunts, either temporary or definitive, to prevent bowel congestion and liver ischemia. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the technical feasibility of vascular shunts during advanced pancreatic surgery, analyzing intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library Central, according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies published before 2006 were excluded, considering the lack of a standardized definition of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The main outcomes evaluated were the overall complication rate and shunt patency. RESULTS Among 789 papers retrieved from the database search, only five fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the review, amounting to a total of 145 patients undergoing a shunt creation at the time of pancreatectomy. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was found to be the most common diagnosis and pancreaticoduodenectomy was the main surgical procedure, accounting for 88% and 83% of the overall cohort, respectively. The distal splenorenal shunt was the most performed. Overall, 44 out of 145 patients (30%) experienced postoperative complications; the long-term patency of definitive shunts was 83% (110 out of 120 patients). CONCLUSIONS An increasing number of patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced PDAC are becoming amenable to resection and shunt creation may facilitate vascular resection with clear margins, becoming a valid tool of modern pancreatic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Libia
- General Surgery Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Stefano D’Ugo
- General Surgery Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Prisco Piscitelli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Local Health Authority, ASL LE, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
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Song K, Ma C, Maswikiti EP, Gu B, Wang B, Wang N, Jiang P, Chen H. Downregulation of ALDH5A1 suppresses cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating ferroptosis signaling pathways. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38923019 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the specific role and underlying mechanisms of ALDH5A1 in the chemoresistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The levels of cleaved caspase-3, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), intracellular Fe2+, and lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated via immunofluorescence. Cell viability and migration were quantified using cell counting kit-8 assays and wound healing assays, respectively. Flow cytometry was utilized to analyze cell apoptosis and ROS production. The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Proteome profiling was performed using data-independent acquisition. Additionally, a xenograft mouse model of ESCC was established to investigate the relationship between ALDH5A1 expression and the cisplatin (DDP)-resistance mechanism in vivo. ALDH5A1 is overexpressed in both ESCC patients and ESCC/DDP cells. Silencing of ALDH5A1 significantly enhances the inhibitory effects of DDP treatment on the viability and migration of KYSE30/DDP and KYSE150/DDP cells and promotes apoptosis. Furthermore, it intensifies DDP's suppressive effects on tumor volume and weight in nude mice. Gene ontology biological process analysis has shown that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in both KYSE30/DDP cells and KYSE30/DDP cells transfected with si-ALDH5A1. Our in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that DDP treatment promotes the accumulation of ROS, lipid ROS, MDA, LPO, and intracellular Fe2+ content, increases the levels of proteins that promote ferroptosis (ACSL4 and FTH1), and decreases the expression of anti-ferroptosis proteins (SLC7A11, FTL, and GPX4). Silencing of ALDH5A1 further amplifies the regulatory effects of DDP both in vitro and in vivo. ALDH5A1 potentially acts as an oncogene in ESCC chemoresistance. Silencing of ALDH5A1 can reduce DDP resistance in ESCC through promoting ferroptosis signaling pathways. These findings suggest a promising strategy for the treatment of ESCC in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Song
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Public Health, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Chenhui Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Baohong Gu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bofang Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Tumor Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Wang Y, Lei Y, Zheng D, Yang Y, Luo L, Li J, Xie X. Prognostic value of lung immune prognostic index in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611773. [PMID: 38966280 PMCID: PMC11222319 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Background and Purpose Until now, it has been difficult to accurately predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A novel indicator, the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI), has shown relatively high prognostic value in patients with solid cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to further identify the association between LIPI and the survival of patients with NSCLC who receive immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods Several electronic databases were searched for available publications up to April 23, 2023. Immunotherapy outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis based on the study design and comparison of the LIPI was conducted. Results In this meta-analysis, 21 studies with 9,010 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that elevated LIPI was significantly associated with poor OS (HR = 2.50, 95% CI:2.09-2.99, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 1.77, 95% CI:1.64-1.91, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses stratified by study design (retrospective vs. prospective) and comparison of LIPI (1 vs. 0, 2 vs. 0, 1-2 vs. 0, 2 vs. 1 vs. 0, 2 vs. 0-1 and 2 vs. 1) showed similar results. Conclusion LIPI could serve as a novel and reliable prognostic factor in NSCLC treated with ICIs, and elevated LIPI predicts worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyang Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
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Teufelsbauer M, Stickler S, Eggerstorfer MT, Hammond DC, Hamilton G. BET-directed PROTACs in triple negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07403-w. [PMID: 38896334 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to find whether the proliferation and migration of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines can be reduced by treatment with bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitor JQ1 and BET protein targeting chimeras (PROTACs) ARV-771 and MZ1. METHODS Cytotoxicity tests, scratch migration assays and western blot proteome profiler arrays for protein expression of cancer-related proteins were used to evaluate the impact of a BET-inhibitor and two BET-directed PROTACs on cell viability, migration and on protein expression. RESULTS JQ1 and the PROTACs MZ1 and ARV-771 significantly inhibited the growth and migration of the KRAS G13D-mutated MDA-MB-231 cells. In this cell line, the PROTACs suppressed the residual expression of ERBB2/HER2, 3 and 4 that are essential for the proliferation of breast cancer cells and this cell line proved sensitive to HER2 inhibitors. In contrast, the effects of the PROTACs on the protein expression of MDA-MB-436 cells mostly affected cytokines and their cognate receptors. CONCLUSION The degradation of BET-protein by PROTACs demonstrated significant anti-proliferative effects. The KRAS-mutated MDA-MB-231 cells belong to the low-HER2 expressing tumors that have a poorer prognosis compared to HER2-null patients. Since first oral PROTACs against tumor hormone receptors are in clinical trials, this mode of tumor therapy is expected to become an important therapeutic strategy in the future treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryana Teufelsbauer
- Clinics of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Stickler
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Gerhard Hamilton
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Slominski RM, Kim TK, Janjetovic Z, Brożyna AA, Podgorska E, Dixon KM, Mason RS, Tuckey RC, Sharma R, Crossman DK, Elmets C, Raman C, Jetten AM, Indra AK, Slominski AT. Malignant Melanoma: An Overview, New Perspectives, and Vitamin D Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2262. [PMID: 38927967 PMCID: PMC11201527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, originating through malignant transformation of melanin-producing melanocytes, is a formidable malignancy, characterized by local invasiveness, recurrence, early metastasis, resistance to therapy, and a high mortality rate. This review discusses etiologic and risk factors for melanoma, diagnostic and prognostic tools, including recent advances in molecular biology, omics, and bioinformatics, and provides an overview of its therapy. Since the incidence of melanoma is rising and mortality remains unacceptably high, we discuss its inherent properties, including melanogenesis, that make this disease resilient to treatment and propose to use AI to solve the above complex and multidimensional problems. We provide an overview on vitamin D and its anticancerogenic properties, and report recent advances in this field that can provide solutions for the prevention and/or therapy of melanoma. Experimental papers and clinicopathological studies on the role of vitamin D status and signaling pathways initiated by its active metabolites in melanoma prognosis and therapy are reviewed. We conclude that vitamin D signaling, defined by specific nuclear receptors and selective activation by specific vitamin D hydroxyderivatives, can provide a benefit for new or existing therapeutic approaches. We propose to target vitamin D signaling with the use of computational biology and AI tools to provide a solution to the melanoma problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir M. Slominski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Zorica Janjetovic
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Ewa Podgorska
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Katie M. Dixon
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (K.M.D.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Rebecca S. Mason
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (K.M.D.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Robert C. Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Craig Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Anton M. Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, NIEHS—National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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Heydari Z, Moeinvaziri F, Mirazimi SMA, Dashti F, Smirnova O, Shpichka A, Mirzaei H, Timashev P, Vosough M. Alteration in DNA methylation patterns: Epigenetic signatures in gastrointestinal cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 973:176563. [PMID: 38593929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Abnormalities in epigenetic modifications can cause malignant transformations in cells, leading to cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which accounts for 20% of all cancers worldwide. Among the epigenetic alterations, DNA hypomethylation is associated with genomic instability. In addition, CpG methylation and promoter hypermethylation have been recognized as biomarkers for different malignancies. In GI cancers, epigenetic alterations affect genes responsible for cell cycle control, DNA repair, apoptosis, and tumorigenic-specific signaling pathways. Understanding the pattern of alterations in DNA methylation in GI cancers could help scientists discover new molecular-based pharmaceutical treatments. This study highlights alterations in DNA methylation in GI cancers. Understanding epigenetic differences among GI cancers may improve targeted therapies and lead to the discovery of new diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heydari
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Farideh Moeinvaziri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Sun H, Bai Y, Zhao D, Wang J, Qiu L. Transition-Metal-Oxide-Based Nanozymes for Antitumor Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2896. [PMID: 38930266 PMCID: PMC11205014 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal oxide (TMO)-based nanozymes have appeared as hopeful tools for antitumor applications due to their unique catalytic properties and ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the latest progress made in the field of TMO-based nanozymes, focusing on their enzymatic activities and participating metal ions. These nanozymes exhibit catalase (CAT)-, peroxidase (POD)-, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-, oxidase (OXD)-, and glutathione oxidase (GSH-OXD)-like activities, enabling them to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and glutathione (GSH) concentrations within the TME. Widely studied transition metals in TMO-based nanozymes include Fe, Mn, Cu, Ce, and the hybrid multimetallic oxides, which are also summarized. The review highlights several innovative nanozyme designs and their multifunctional capabilities. Despite the significant progress in TMO-based nanozymes, challenges such as long-term biosafety, targeting precision, catalytic mechanisms, and theoretical supports remain to be addressed, and these are also discussed. This review contributes to the summary and understanding of the rapid development of TMO-based nanozymes, which holds great promise for advancing nanomedicine and improving cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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