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Niibori-Nambu A, Wang CQ, Chin DWL, Chooi JY, Hosoi H, Sonoki T, Tham CY, Nah GSS, Cirovic B, Tan DQ, Takizawa H, Sashida G, Goh Y, Tng J, Fam WN, Fullwood MJ, Suda T, Yang H, Tergaonkar V, Taniuchi I, Li S, Chng WJ, Osato M. Integrin-α9 overexpression underlies the niche-independent maintenance of leukemia stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia. Gene 2024; 928:148761. [PMID: 39002785 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are widely believed to reside in well-characterized bone marrow (BM) niches; however, the capacity of the BM niches to accommodate LSCs is insufficient, and a significant proportion of LSCs are instead maintained in regions outside the BM. The molecular basis for this niche-independent behavior of LSCs remains elusive. Here, we show that integrin-α9 overexpression (ITGA9 OE) plays a pivotal role in the extramedullary maintenance of LSCs by molecularly mimicking the niche-interacting status, through the binding with its soluble ligand, osteopontin (OPN). Retroviral insertional mutagenesis conducted on leukemia-prone Runx-deficient mice identified Itga9 OE as a novel leukemogenic event. Itga9 OE activates Akt and p38MAPK signaling pathways. The elevated Myc expression subsequently enhances ribosomal biogenesis to overcome the cell integrity defect caused by the preexisting Runx alteration. The Itga9-Myc axis, originally discovered in mice, was further confirmed in multiple human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtypes, other than RUNX leukemias. In addition, ITGA9 was shown to be a functional LSC marker of the best prognostic value among 14 known LSC markers tested. Notably, the binding of ITGA9 with soluble OPN, a known negative regulator against HSC activation, induced LSC dormancy, while the disruption of ITGA9-soluble OPN interaction caused rapid cell propagation. These findings suggest that the ITGA9 OE increases both actively proliferating leukemia cells and dormant LSCs in a well-balanced manner, thereby maintaining LSCs. The ITGA9 OE would serve as a novel therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Niibori-Nambu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Chelsia Qiuxia Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Desmond Wai Loon Chin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Yuan Chooi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hiroki Hosoi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Sonoki
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Cheng-Yong Tham
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giselle Sek Suan Nah
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Branko Cirovic
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Darren Qiancheng Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Goro Sashida
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yufen Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Tng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Nih Fam
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa Jane Fullwood
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Institute of Hematology, Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NFκB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ichiro Taniuchi
- Laboratory for Transcriptional Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shang Li
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore.
| | - Motomi Osato
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine, Kumamoto Kenhoku Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
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2
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Radpour R, Simillion C, Wang B, Abbas HA, Riether C, Ochsenbein AF. IL-9 secreted by leukemia stem cells induces Th1-skewed CD4+ T cells, which promote their expansion. Blood 2024; 144:888-903. [PMID: 38941612 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024024000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and leukemia progenitor cells (LPCs) interact with various cell types in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, regulating their expansion and differentiation. To study the interaction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the BM with LSCs and LPCs, we analyzed their transcriptome and predicted cell-cell interactions by unbiased high-throughput correlation network analysis. We found that CD4+ T cells in the BM of patients with AML were activated and skewed toward T-helper (Th)1 polarization, whereas interleukin-9 (IL-9)-producing (Th9) CD4+ T cells were absent. In contrast to normal hematopoietic stem cells, LSCs produced IL-9, and the correlation modeling predicted IL9 in LSCs as a main hub gene that activates CD4+ T cells in AML. Functional validation revealed that IL-9 receptor signaling in CD4+ T cells leads to activation of the JAK-STAT pathway that induces the upregulation of KMT2A and KMT2C genes, resulting in methylation on histone H3 at lysine 4 to promote genome accessibility and transcriptional activation. This induced Th1-skewing, proliferation, and effector cytokine secretion, including interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). IFN-γ and, to a lesser extent, TNF-α produced by activated CD4+ T cells induced the expansion of LSCs. In accordance with our findings, high IL9 expression in LSCs and high IL9R, TNF, and IFNG expression in BM-infiltrating CD4+ T cells correlated with worse overall survival in AML. Thus, IL-9 secreted by AML LSCs shapes a Th1-skewed immune environment that promotes their expansion by secreting IFN-γ and TNF-α.
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MESH Headings
- Interleukin-9/genetics
- Interleukin-9/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/genetics
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-9/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-9/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Radpour
- Department for BioMedical Research, Tumor Immunology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Bofei Wang
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hussein A Abbas
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Carsten Riether
- Department for BioMedical Research, Tumor Immunology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian F Ochsenbein
- Department for BioMedical Research, Tumor Immunology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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3
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Larrue C, Mouche S, Angelino P, Sajot M, Birsen R, Kosmider O, Mckee T, Vergez F, Recher C, Mas VMD, Gu Q, Xu J, Tsantoulis P, Sarry JE, Tamburini J. Targeting ferritinophagy impairs quiescent cancer stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia in vitro and in vivo models. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadk1731. [PMID: 39047119 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adk1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a challenging hematological malignancy with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) contribute to therapeutic failure, relapse, and adverse outcome. This study investigates the role of quiescence and related molecular mechanisms in AML pathogenesis and LSC functions to identify potential therapeutic targets. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the LSC-enriched quiescent cell population has a distinct gene signature with prognostic relevance in patients with AML. Mechanistically, quiescent blasts exhibit increased autophagic activity, which contributes to their sustained viability. Proteomic profiling uncovered differential requirements for iron metabolism between quiescent and cycling cells, revealing a unique dependence of quiescent cells on ferritinophagy, a selective form of autophagy mediated by nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), which regulates iron bioavailability. We evaluated the therapeutic potential of inhibiting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy using genetic knockdown and chemical inhibition approaches. In vitro assays showed that suppression of NCOA4 was toxic to leukemic blasts, particularly the CD34+CD38- LSC-enriched population, without affecting normal CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors. In vivo studies using murine patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of AML confirmed that NCOA4 inhibition reduced tumor burden and impaired LSC viability and self-renewal, indicating a specific vulnerability of these cells to ferritinophagy disruption. Our findings underscore the role of NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in maintaining LSC quiescence and function and suggest that targeting this pathway may be an effective therapeutic strategy for AML. This study highlights the potential of NCOA4 inhibition to improve AML outcomes and paves the way for future research and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Larrue
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Centre Leman, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, 31100 Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, 31100 Toulouse, France
- Équipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Mouche
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Centre Leman, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Angelino
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Centre Leman, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Data Science, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Sajot
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, 31100 Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, 31100 Toulouse, France
- Équipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Rudy Birsen
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Centre Leman, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, 75014 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Kosmider
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, 75014 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Mckee
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Diagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Vergez
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Recher
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Mansat-De Mas
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Qiong Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Petros Tsantoulis
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Centre Leman, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, 31100 Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, 31100 Toulouse, France
- Équipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Jerome Tamburini
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Centre Leman, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, 75014 Paris, France
- Oncology Department, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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4
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Allen B, Savoy L, Ryabinin P, Bottomly D, Chen R, Goff B, Wang A, McWheeny SK, Zhang H. Upregulation of HOXA3 by isoform-specific Wilms tumour 1 drives chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:207-219. [PMID: 38867543 PMCID: PMC11448753 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Upregulation of the Wilms' tumour 1 (WT1) gene is common in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and is associated with poor prognosis. WT1 generates 12 primary transcripts through different translation initiation sites and alternative splicing. The short WT1 transcripts express abundantly in primary leukaemia samples. We observed that overexpression of short WT1 transcripts lacking exon 5 with and without the KTS motif (sWT1+/- and sWT1-/-) led to reduced cell growth. However, only sWT1+/- overexpression resulted in decreased CD71 expression, G1 arrest, and cytarabine resistance. Primary AML patient cells with low CD71 expression exhibit resistance to cytarabine, suggesting that CD71 may serve as a potential biomarker for chemotherapy. RNAseq differential expressed gene analysis identified two transcription factors, HOXA3 and GATA2, that are specifically upregulated in sWT1+/- cells, whereas CDKN1A is upregulated in sWT1-/- cells. Overexpression of either HOXA3 or GATA2 reproduced the effects of sWT1+/-, including decreased cell growth, G1 arrest, reduced CD71 expression and cytarabine resistance. HOXA3 expression correlates with chemotherapy response and overall survival in NPM1 mutation-negative leukaemia specimens. Overexpression of HOXA3 leads to drug resistance against a broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic agents. Our results suggest that WT1 regulates cell proliferation and drug sensitivity in an isoform-specific manner.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytarabine/pharmacology
- Cytarabine/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Nucleophosmin
- Protein Isoforms
- Receptors, Transferrin
- Up-Regulation
- WT1 Proteins/genetics
- WT1 Proteins/metabolism
- WT1 Proteins/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil Allen
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Lindsey Savoy
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Peter Ryabinin
- Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Reid Chen
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Bonnie Goff
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Anthony Wang
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Shannon K McWheeny
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
| | - Haijiao Zhang
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
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5
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Ortiz Rojas CA, Pereira-Martins DA, Bellido More CC, Sternadt D, Weinhäuser I, Hilberink JR, Coelho-Silva JL, Thomé CH, Ferreira GA, Ammatuna E, Huls G, Valk PJ, Schuringa JJ, Rego EM. A 4-gene prognostic index for enhancing acute myeloid leukaemia survival prediction. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:2287-2300. [PMID: 38651345 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite advancements in utilizing genetic markers to enhance acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) outcome prediction, significant disease heterogeneity persists, hindering clinical management. To refine survival predictions, we assessed the transcriptome of non-acute promyelocytic leukaemia chemotherapy-treated AML patients from five cohorts (n = 975). This led to the identification of a 4-gene prognostic index (4-PI) comprising CYP2E1, DHCR7, IL2RA and SQLE. The 4-PI effectively stratified patients into risk categories, with the high 4-PI group exhibiting TP53 mutations and cholesterol biosynthesis signatures. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed enrichment for leukaemia stem cell signatures in high 4-PI cells. Validation across three cohorts (n = 671), including one with childhood AML, demonstrated the reproducibility and clinical utility of the 4-PI, even using cost-effective techniques like real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Comparative analysis with 56 established prognostic indexes revealed the superior performance of the 4-PI, highlighting its potential to enhance AML risk stratification. Finally, the 4-PI demonstrated to be potential marker to reclassified patients from the intermediate ELN2017 category to the adverse category. In conclusion, the 4-PI emerges as a robust and straightforward prognostic tool to improve survival prediction in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Alexander Ortiz Rojas
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 31, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Antonio Pereira-Martins
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 31, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Candy Christie Bellido More
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dominique Sternadt
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel Weinhäuser
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 31, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobien R Hilberink
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Luiz Coelho-Silva
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Hassibe Thomé
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 31, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Germano Aguiar Ferreira
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 31, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Ammatuna
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Huls
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Valk
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 31, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Wang YH, Orgueira AM, Lin CC, Yao CY, Lo MY, Tsai CH, de la Fuente Burguera A, Hou HA, Chou WC, Tien HF. Stellae-123 gene expression signature improved risk stratification in taiwanese acute myeloid leukemia patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11064. [PMID: 38744924 PMCID: PMC11094146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Leukemia Net recommendations provide valuable guidance in treatment decisions of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the genetic complexity and heterogeneity of AML are not fully covered, notwithstanding that gene expression analysis is crucial in the risk stratification of AML. The Stellae-123 score, an AI-based model that captures gene expression patterns, has demonstrated robust survival predictions in AML patients across four western-population cohorts. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of Stellae-123 in a Taiwanese cohort. The Stellae-123 model was applied to 304 de novo AML patients diagnosed and treated at the National Taiwan University Hospital. We find that the pretrained (BeatAML-based) model achieved c-indexes of 0.631 and 0.632 for the prediction of overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS), respectively. Model retraining within our cohort further improve the cross-validated c-indexes to 0.667 and 0.667 for OS and RFS prediction, respectively. Multivariable analysis identify both pretrained and retrained models as independent prognostic biomarkers. We further show that incorporating age, Stellae-123, and ELN classification remarkably improves risk stratification, revealing c-indices of 0.73 and 0.728 for OS and RFS, respectively. In summary, the Stellae-123 gene expression signature is a valuable prognostic tool for AML patients and model retraining can improve the accuracy and applicability of the model in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hung Wang
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Adrián Mosquera Orgueira
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Group of Computational Hematology and Genomics (GrHeCo-Xen), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Chien-Chin Lin
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10002, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yuan Yao
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10002, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yen Lo
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hong Tsai
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsin-An Hou
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Chou
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Hwei-Fang Tien
- Division of Hematology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10002, Taiwan.
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7
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Kanefsky J, Basse M, Sokei J, di Martino O, Valin L, Jaspers Y, Martinez E, Huhn J, Di Marcantonio D, Magee JA, Goldman AR, Tang HY, Ferraro F, Kemp S, Wiest DL, Sykes SM. Disruption of polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis drives STING-dependent acute myeloid leukemia cell maturation and death. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107214. [PMID: 38522521 PMCID: PMC11061745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains largely undefined. A comparative expression analysis of 35 genes encoding fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes showed that fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) was highly expressed across multiple AML subtypes relative to healthy controls and that elevated FADS1 expression correlates with worse overall AML patient survival. Functionally, shRNA-mediated inhibition of FADS1 reduced AML cell growth in vitro and significantly delayed leukemia onset in an AML mouse model. AML cell lines depleted of FADS1 arrested in the G1/S-phase of the cell cycle, acquired characteristics of myeloid maturation and subsequently died. To understand the molecular consequences of FADS1 inhibition, a combination of mass spectrometry-based analysis of complex lipids and gene expression analysis (RNA-seq) was performed. FADS1 inhibition caused AML cells to exhibit significant lipidomic remodeling, including depletion of PUFAs from the phospholipids, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine. These lipidomic alterations were accompanied by an increase induction of inflammatory and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-mediated type-1 interferon signaling. Remarkably, genetic deletion of STING largely prevented the AML cell maturation and death phenotypes mediated by FADS1 inhibition. Highlighting the therapeutic implications of these findings, pharmacological blockade of PUFA biosynthesis reduced patient-derived AML cell numbers ex vivo but not that of healthy donor cells. Similarly, STING agonism attenuated patient-derived-AML survival; however, STING activation also reduced healthy granulocyte numbers. Collectively, these data unveil a previously unrecognized importance of PUFA biosynthesis in leukemogenesis and that imbalances in PUFA metabolism can drive STING-mediated AML maturation and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Kanefsky
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Basse
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Judith Sokei
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Orsola di Martino
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Liana Valin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yorrick Jaspers
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands
| | - Esteban Martinez
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jacklyn Huhn
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniela Di Marcantonio
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Magee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Aaron R Goldman
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francesca Ferraro
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Stephan Kemp
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands
| | - David L Wiest
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Stephen M Sykes
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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8
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Katebi A, Chen X, Ramirez D, Li S, Lu M. Data-driven modeling of core gene regulatory network underlying leukemogenesis in IDH mutant AML. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38594351 PMCID: PMC11003984 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of poorly differentiated myeloid cells, with a heterogenous mutational landscape. Mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 are found in 20% of the AML cases. Although much effort has been made to identify genes associated with leukemogenesis, the regulatory mechanism of AML state transition is still not fully understood. To alleviate this issue, here we develop a new computational approach that integrates genomic data from diverse sources, including gene expression and ATAC-seq datasets, curated gene regulatory interaction databases, and mathematical modeling to establish models of context-specific core gene regulatory networks (GRNs) for a mechanistic understanding of tumorigenesis of AML with IDH mutations. The approach adopts a new optimization procedure to identify the top network according to its accuracy in capturing gene expression states and its flexibility to allow sufficient control of state transitions. From GRN modeling, we identify key regulators associated with the function of IDH mutations, such as DNA methyltransferase DNMT1, and network destabilizers, such as E2F1. The constructed core regulatory network and outcomes of in-silico network perturbations are supported by survival data from AML patients. We expect that the combined bioinformatics and systems-biology modeling approach will be generally applicable to elucidate the gene regulation of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ataur Katebi
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Daniel Ramirez
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
- The Jackson Laboratory Cancer Center, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.
| | - Mingyang Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Seffernick AE, Archer KJ. Penalized Bayesian forward continuation ratio model with application to high-dimensional data with discrete survival outcomes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300638. [PMID: 38547174 PMCID: PMC10977717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
While time-to-event data are often continuous, there are several instances where discrete survival data, which are inherently ordinal, may be available or are more appropriate or useful. Several discrete survival models exist, but the forward continuation ratio model with a complementary log-log link has a survival interpretation and is closely related to the Cox proportional hazards model, despite being an ordinal model. This model has previously been implemented in the high-dimensional setting using the ordinal generalized monotone incremental forward stagewise algorithm. Here, we propose a Bayesian penalized forward continuation ratio model with a complementary log-log link and explore different priors to perform variable selection and regularization. Through simulations, we show that our Bayesian model outperformed the existing frequentist method in terms of variable selection performance, and that a 10% prior inclusion probability performed better than 1% or 50%. We also illustrate our model on a publicly available acute myeloid leukemia dataset to identify genomic features associated with discrete survival. We identified nine features that map to ten unique genes, five of which have been previously associated with leukemia in the literature. In conclusion, our proposed Bayesian model is flexible, allows simultaneous variable selection and uncertainty quantification, and performed well in simulation studies and application to real data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Eames Seffernick
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Kellie J. Archer
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
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10
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Qiu W, Dincer AB, Janizek JD, Celik S, Pittet M, Naxerova K, Lee SI. A deep profile of gene expression across 18 human cancers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.17.585426. [PMID: 38559197 PMCID: PMC10980029 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.17.585426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Clinically and biologically valuable information may reside untapped in large cancer gene expression data sets. Deep unsupervised learning has the potential to extract this information with unprecedented efficacy but has thus far been hampered by a lack of biological interpretability and robustness. Here, we present DeepProfile, a comprehensive framework that addresses current challenges in applying unsupervised deep learning to gene expression profiles. We use DeepProfile to learn low-dimensional latent spaces for 18 human cancers from 50,211 transcriptomes. DeepProfile outperforms existing dimensionality reduction methods with respect to biological interpretability. Using DeepProfile interpretability methods, we show that genes that are universally important in defining the latent spaces across all cancer types control immune cell activation, while cancer type-specific genes and pathways define molecular disease subtypes. By linking DeepProfile latent variables to secondary tumor characteristics, we discover that tumor mutation burden is closely associated with the expression of cell cycle-related genes. DNA mismatch repair and MHC class II antigen presentation pathway expression, on the other hand, are consistently associated with patient survival. We validate these results through Kaplan-Meier analyses and nominate tumor-associated macrophages as an important source of survival-correlated MHC class II transcripts. Our results illustrate the power of unsupervised deep learning for discovery of novel cancer biology from existing gene expression data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ayse B. Dincer
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Joseph D. Janizek
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Mikael Pittet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Switzerland
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Su-In Lee
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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11
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Schittenhelm MM, Kaiser M, Győrffy B, Kampa-Schittenhelm KM. Evaluation of apoptosis stimulating protein of TP53-1 (ASPP1/PPP1R13B) to predict therapy resistance and overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:25. [PMID: 38195541 PMCID: PMC10776670 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
ASPP1 (PPP1R13B) belongs to a family of p53-binding proteins and enhances apoptosis by stimulation of p53-transactivation of selected proapoptotic target genes. It is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and together with p53 preserves the genomic integrity of the HSC pool. Consequently, dysfunction of ASPP1 has been associated with malignant transformation and development of acute lymphoblastic leukemias and lymphomas - whereas methylation of the promoter region is linked to reduced transcription and ultimately attenuated expression of ASPP1. The role of ASPP1 in AML is not known. We now show that impaired regulation of PPP1R13B contributes to the biology of leukemogenesis and primary therapy resistance in AML. PPP1R13B mRNA expression patterns thereby define a distinct prognostic profile - which is not reflected by the European leukemia net (ELN) risk score. These findings have direct therapeutic implications and we provide a strategy to restore ASPP1 protein levels using hypomethylating agents to sensitize cells towards proapoptotic drugs. Prospective clinical trials are warranted to investigate the role of ASPP1 (PPP1R13B) as a biomarker for risk stratification and as a potential therapeutic target to restore susceptibility to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Schittenhelm
- Medical research center (MFZ) and Clinic of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen (KSSG), St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Max Kaiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen (UKT), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Semmelweis University Dept. of Bioinformatics and Dept. of Pediatrics, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Kerstin M Kampa-Schittenhelm
- Medical research center (MFZ) and Clinic of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen (KSSG), St. Gallen, Switzerland.
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen (UKT), Tübingen, Germany.
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12
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Chen M, Zeng Z, Li X, Qin W, Cai X, Chen S, Lu X. Clinical features and prognostic significance of DNMT3A, FLT3, and NPM1 mutations in de novo acute myeloid leukemia patients. Int J Lab Hematol 2023; 45:899-907. [PMID: 37519024 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Different co-mutation patterns are associated with varied clinical manifestations and prognosis. The purpose of this research was to explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of individuals with AML who had DNMT3A, FLT3, and NPM1 mutations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 259 newly diagnosed AML patients were investigated in this study, including 148 AMLFLT3mutDNMT3Awt , 48 AMLFLT3wtDNMT3Amut , and 63 AMLFLT3mutDNMT3Amut patients. Mutations were detected by targeted next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing. In addition, we utilized the publicly available data to analyze the expression profiles of AML. RESULTS Correlation analysis showed NPM1 mutations were positively associated with FLT3-ITD and DNMT3A, but negatively with CEBPA and RUNX1 mutations. In the presence of both DNMT3A and FLT3 mutations, patients were associated with typical clinical manifestations such as heavy disease burden and old age. Patients with both FLT3 and DNMT3A mutations had lower complete remission rates and poorer clinical outcomes than those with FLT3 or DNMT3A mutation alone. Univariate analysis showed that age, response to treatment, DNMT3A R882 mutation, NPM1 mutation, and consolidation treatment options were associated with OS. According to multivariate analysis, only consolidation treatment options could be considered as an independent prognostic factor. In addition, the percentage of AMLFLT3mutDNMT3AmutNPM1mut patients in our study was about 5.9%. Interestingly, the expression profile of this subgroup was significantly related to HOX family and histone H1 family, and enriched pathways associated with transcriptional misregulation. CONCLUSION We comprehensively evaluated the clinical and genetic characteristics, and expression profiles of AML patients with common mutations, and found that AML patients with triple mutations might be a distinct AML subtype, which should be redefined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohui Cai
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suning Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuzhang Lu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Rundberg Nilsson AJ, Xian H, Shalapour S, Cammenga J, Karin M. IRF1 regulates self-renewal and stress responsiveness to support hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg5391. [PMID: 37889967 PMCID: PMC10610924 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg5391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are tightly controlled to maintain a balance between blood cell production and self-renewal. While inflammation-related signaling is a critical regulator of HSC activity, the underlying mechanisms and the precise functions of specific factors under steady-state and stress conditions remain incompletely understood. We investigated the role of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), a transcription factor that is affected by multiple inflammatory stimuli, in HSC regulation. Our findings demonstrate that the loss of IRF1 from mouse HSCs significantly impairs self-renewal, increases stress-induced proliferation, and confers resistance to apoptosis. In addition, given the frequent abnormal expression of IRF1 in leukemia, we explored the potential of IRF1 expression level as a stratification marker for human acute myeloid leukemia. We show that IRF1-based stratification identifies distinct cancer-related signatures in patient subgroups. These findings establish IRF1 as a pivotal HSC controller and provide previously unknown insights into HSC regulation, with potential implications to IRF1 functions in the context of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J. S. Rundberg Nilsson
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Medical Faculty, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hongxu Xian
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shabnam Shalapour
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jörg Cammenga
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Medical Faculty, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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14
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Farge T, Nakhle J, Lagarde D, Cognet G, Polley N, Castellano R, Nicolau ML, Bosc C, Sabatier M, Sahal A, Saland E, Jeanson Y, Guiraud N, Boet E, Bergoglio C, Gotanègre M, Mouchel PL, Stuani L, Larrue C, Sallese M, De Mas V, Moro C, Dray C, Collette Y, Raymond-Letron I, Ader I, Récher C, Sarry JE, Cabon F, Vergez F, Carrière A. CD36 Drives Metastasis and Relapse in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2824-2838. [PMID: 37327406 PMCID: PMC10472106 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Identifying mechanisms underlying relapse is a major clinical issue for effective cancer treatment. The emerging understanding of the importance of metastasis in hematologic malignancies suggests that it could also play a role in drug resistance and relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In a cohort of 1,273 AML patients, we uncovered that the multifunctional scavenger receptor CD36 was positively associated with extramedullary dissemination of leukemic blasts, increased risk of relapse after intensive chemotherapy, and reduced event-free and overall survival. CD36 was dispensable for lipid uptake but fostered blast migration through its binding with thrombospondin-1. CD36-expressing blasts, which were largely enriched after chemotherapy, exhibited a senescent-like phenotype while maintaining their migratory ability. In xenograft mouse models, CD36 inhibition reduced metastasis of blasts and prolonged survival of chemotherapy-treated mice. These results pave the way for the development of CD36 as an independent marker of poor prognosis in AML patients and a promising actionable target to improve the outcome of patients. SIGNIFICANCE CD36 promotes blast migration and extramedullary disease in acute myeloid leukemia and represents a critical target that can be exploited for clinical prognosis and patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Farge
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Team CERAMIC, INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Nakhle
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Damien Lagarde
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- McGill University, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- McGill University, Department of Biochemistry, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guillaume Cognet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathaniel Polley
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Laure Nicolau
- University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Claudie Bosc
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Sabatier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Ambrine Sahal
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Saland
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Jeanson
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathan Guiraud
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Boet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Bergoglio
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Team MetaDiab, INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Gotanègre
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-Luc Mouchel
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucille Stuani
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Clément Larrue
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Sallese
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique De Mas
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cedric Moro
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Team MetaDiab, INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, UMR1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Dray
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Collette
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Letron
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- LabHPEC, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Ader
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Cabon
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
| | - François Vergez
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Carrière
- RESTORE Research Center, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
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15
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Katebi A, Chen X, Li S, Lu M. Data-driven modeling of core gene regulatory network underlying leukemogenesis in IDH mutant AML. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.29.551111. [PMID: 37577526 PMCID: PMC10418072 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.29.551111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of poorly differentiated myeloid cells, with a heterogenous mutational landscape. Mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 are found in 20% of the AML cases. Although much effort has been made to identify genes associated with leukemogenesis, the regulatory mechanism of AML state transition is still not fully understood. To alleviate this issue, here we develop a new computational approach that integrates genomic data from diverse sources, including gene expression and ATAC-seq datasets, curated gene regulatory interaction databases, and mathematical modeling to establish models of context-specific core gene regulatory networks (GRNs) for a mechanistic understanding of tumorigenesis of AML with IDH mutations. The approach adopts a novel optimization procedure to identify the optimal network according to its accuracy in capturing gene expression states and its flexibility to allow sufficient control of state transitions. From GRN modeling, we identify key regulators associated with the function of IDH mutations, such as DNA methyltransferase DNMT1, and network destabilizers, such as E2F1. The constructed core regulatory network and outcomes of in-silico network perturbations are supported by survival data from AML patients. We expect that the combined bioinformatics and systems-biology modeling approach will be generally applicable to elucidate the gene regulation of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ataur Katebi
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Mingyang Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Sabatier M, Birsen R, Lauture L, Mouche S, Angelino P, Dehairs J, Goupille L, Boussaid I, Heiblig M, Boet E, Sahal A, Saland E, Santos JC, Armengol M, Fernández-Serrano M, Farge T, Cognet G, Simonetta F, Pignon C, Graffeuil A, Mazzotti C, Avet-Loiseau H, Delos O, Bertrand-Michel J, Chedru A, Dembitz V, Gallipoli P, Anstee NS, Loo S, Wei AH, Carroll M, Goubard A, Castellano R, Collette Y, Vergez F, Mansat-De Mas V, Bertoli S, Tavitian S, Picard M, Récher C, Bourges-Abella N, Granat F, Kosmider O, Sujobert P, Colsch B, Joffre C, Stuani L, Swinnen JV, Guillou H, Roué G, Hakim N, Dejean AS, Tsantoulis P, Larrue C, Bouscary D, Tamburini J, Sarry JE. C/EBPα Confers Dependence to Fatty Acid Anabolic Pathways and Vulnerability to Lipid Oxidative Stress-Induced Ferroptosis in FLT3-Mutant Leukemia. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1720-1747. [PMID: 37012202 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Although transcription factor CCAAT-enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) is critical for normal and leukemic differentiation, its role in cell and metabolic homeostasis is largely unknown in cancer. Here, multiomics analyses uncovered a coordinated activation of C/EBPα and Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) that increased lipid anabolism in vivo and in patients with FLT3-mutant acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Mechanistically, C/EBPα regulated the fatty acid synthase (FASN)-stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) axis to promote fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis and desaturation. We further demonstrated that FLT3 or C/EBPα inactivation decreased monounsaturated FA incorporation to membrane phospholipids through SCD downregulation. Consequently, SCD inhibition enhanced susceptibility to lipid redox stress that was exploited by combining FLT3 and glutathione peroxidase 4 inhibition to trigger lipid oxidative stress, enhancing ferroptotic death of FLT3-mutant AML cells. Altogether, our study reveals a C/EBPα function in lipid homeostasis and adaptation to redox stress, and a previously unreported vulnerability of FLT3-mutant AML to ferroptosis with promising therapeutic application. SIGNIFICANCE FLT3 mutations are found in 30% of AML cases and are actionable by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Here, we discovered that C/EBPα regulates FA biosynthesis and protection from lipid redox stress downstream mutant-FLT3 signaling, which confers a vulnerability to ferroptosis upon FLT3 inhibition with therapeutic potential in AML. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sabatier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Rudy Birsen
- Translational Research Centre in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Geneva, Switzerland
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, Paris, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Laura Lauture
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Mouche
- Translational Research Centre in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Angelino
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Dehairs
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, LKI-Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Léa Goupille
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Ismael Boussaid
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, Paris, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Maël Heiblig
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Lyon, France
- CIRI, Inserm U1111 CNRS 5308, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Emeline Boet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Ambrine Sahal
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Saland
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Juliana C Santos
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Marc Armengol
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Thomas Farge
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Cognet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Federico Simonetta
- Translational Research Centre in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Corentin Pignon
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Graffeuil
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Mazzotti
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Avet-Loiseau
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Océane Delos
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Amélie Chedru
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Vilma Dembitz
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Gallipoli
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha S Anstee
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sun Loo
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew H Wei
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin Carroll
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Armelle Goubard
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Yves Collette
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - François Vergez
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Mansat-De Mas
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Bertoli
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Suzanne Tavitian
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Picard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service de Réanimation, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Fanny Granat
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Kosmider
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, Paris, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Sujobert
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Lyon, France
- CIRI, Inserm U1111 CNRS 5308, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Benoit Colsch
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Carine Joffre
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucille Stuani
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, LKI-Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Gael Roué
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Nawad Hakim
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (INFINITy), Inserm UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne S Dejean
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (INFINITy), Inserm UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Petros Tsantoulis
- Translational Research Centre in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clément Larrue
- Translational Research Centre in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Bouscary
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, Paris, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Jerome Tamburini
- Translational Research Centre in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, and Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Geneva, Switzerland
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS U8104, Inserm U1016, Paris, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS U5077, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
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17
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Pitts HA, Cheng CK, Cheung JS, Sun MKH, Yung YL, Chan HY, Wong RSM, Yip SF, Lau KN, Wong WS, Raghupathy R, Chan NPH, Ng MHL. SPINK2 Protein Expression Is an Independent Adverse Prognostic Marker in AML and Is Potentially Implicated in the Regulation of Ferroptosis and Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119696. [PMID: 37298647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for the identification as well as clinicopathological and functional characterization of potent prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing, we investigated the protein expression as well as clinicopathological and prognostic associations of serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 2 (SPINK2) in AML and examined its potential biological functions. High SPINK2 protein expression was an independent adverse biomarker for survival and an indicator of elevated therapy resistance and relapse risk. SPINK2 expression was associated with AML with an NPM1 mutation and an intermediate risk by cytogenetics and European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2022 criteria. Furthermore, SPINK2 expression could refine the ELN2022prognostic stratification. Functionally, an RNA sequencing analysis uncovered a potential link of SPINK2 with ferroptosis and immune response. SPINK2 regulated the expression of certain P53 targets and ferroptosis-related genes, including SLC7A11 and STEAP3, and affected cystine uptake, intracellular iron levels and sensitivity to erastin, a specific ferroptosis inducer. Furthermore, SPINK2 inhibition consistently increased the expression of ALCAM, an immune response enhancer and promoter of T-cell activity. Additionally, we identified a potential small-molecule inhibitor of SPINK2, which requires further characterization. In summary, high SPINK2 protein expression was a potent adverse prognostic marker in AML and might represent a druggable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Augustus Pitts
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi-Keung Cheng
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce Sin Cheung
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Murphy Ka-Hei Sun
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuk-Lin Yung
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi-Yun Chan
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Raymond S M Wong
- Sir Y.K. Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sze-Fai Yip
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka-Ngai Lau
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Shan Wong
- Pathology Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Radha Raghupathy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Natalie P H Chan
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Margaret H L Ng
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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18
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Austin RJ, Straube J, Halder R, Janardhanan Y, Bruedigam C, Witkowski M, Cooper L, Porter A, Braun M, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Minnie SA, Cooper E, Jacquelin S, Song A, Bald T, Nakamura K, Hill GR, Aifantis I, Lane SW, Bywater MJ. Oncogenic drivers dictate immune control of acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2155. [PMID: 37059710 PMCID: PMC10104832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous, aggressive hematological malignancy induced by distinct oncogenic driver mutations. The effect of specific AML oncogenes on immune activation or suppression is unclear. Here, we examine immune responses in genetically distinct models of AML and demonstrate that specific AML oncogenes dictate immunogenicity, the quality of immune response and immune escape through immunoediting. Specifically, expression of NrasG12D alone is sufficient to drive a potent anti-leukemia response through increased MHC Class II expression that can be overcome with increased expression of Myc. These data have important implications for the design and implementation of personalized immunotherapies for patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Austin
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
- The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jasmin Straube
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
- The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Rohit Halder
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Claudia Bruedigam
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
- The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew Witkowski
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Leanne Cooper
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Amy Porter
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Matthias Braun
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Simone A Minnie
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Centre, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily Cooper
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Sebastien Jacquelin
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Axia Song
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Tobias Bald
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kyohei Nakamura
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Centre, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Steven W Lane
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia.
- The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, 4029, Australia.
| | - Megan J Bywater
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia.
- The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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19
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Rundberg Nilsson A, Xian H, Shalapour S, Cammenga J, Karin M. IRF1 regulates self-renewal and stress-responsiveness to support hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.24.525321. [PMID: 36747722 PMCID: PMC9900858 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.24.525321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory mediators induce emergency myelopoiesis and cycling of adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through incompletely understood mechanisms. To suppress the unwanted effects of inflammation and preserve its beneficial outcomes, the mechanisms by which inflammation affects hematopoiesis need to be fully elucidated. Rather than focusing on specific inflammatory stimuli, we here investigated the role of transcription factor Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), which receives input from several inflammatory signaling pathways. We identify IRF1 as a master HSC regulator. IRF1 loss impairs HSC self-renewal, increases stress-induced cell cycle activation, and confers apoptosis resistance. Transcriptomic analysis revealed an aged, inflammatory signature devoid of IFN signaling with reduced megakaryocytic/erythroid priming and antigen presentation in IRF1-deficient HSCs. Finally, we conducted IRF1-based AML patient stratification to identify groups with distinct proliferative, survival and differentiation features, overlapping with our murine HSC results. Our findings position IRF1 as a pivotal regulator of HSC preservation and stress-induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Rundberg Nilsson
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Gene Regulation and
Signal Transduction, University of California San Diego (UCSD), United States
- Medical Faculty, Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy,
Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
- Medical Faculty, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University,
Sweden
- Lead contact
| | - Hongxu Xian
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Gene Regulation and
Signal Transduction, University of California San Diego (UCSD), United States
| | - Shabnam Shalapour
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Gene Regulation and
Signal Transduction, University of California San Diego (UCSD), United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson
Cancer Center, United States
| | - Jörg Cammenga
- Medical Faculty, Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy,
Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
- Medical Faculty, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University,
Sweden
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Gene Regulation and
Signal Transduction, University of California San Diego (UCSD), United States
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20
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Eshibona N, Livesey M, Christoffels A, Bendou H. Investigation of distinct gene expression profile patterns that can improve the classification of intermediate-risk prognosis in AML patients. Front Genet 2023; 14:1131159. [PMID: 36865386 PMCID: PMC9971493 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1131159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous type of blood cancer that generally affects the elderly. AML patients are categorized with favorable-, intermediate-, and adverse-risks based on an individual's genomic features and chromosomal abnormalities. Despite the risk stratification, the progression and outcome of the disease remain highly variable. To facilitate and improve the risk stratification of AML patients, the study focused on gene expression profiling of AML patients within various risk categories. Therefore, the study aims to establish gene signatures that can predict the prognosis of AML patients and find correlations in gene expression profile patterns that are associated with risk groups. Methods: Microarray data were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE6891). The patients were stratified into four subgroups based on risk and overall survival. Limma was applied to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between short survival (SS) and long survival (LS). DEGs strongly related to general survival were discovered using Cox regression and LASSO analysis. To assess the model's accuracy, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used. A one-way ANOVA was performed to assess for differences in the mean gene expression profiles of the identified prognostic genes between the risk subcategories and survival. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on DEGs. Results: A total of 87 DEGs were identified between SS and LS groups. The Cox regression model selected nine genes CD109, CPNE3, DDIT4, INPP4B, LSP1, CPNE8, PLXNC1, SLC40A1, and SPINK2 that are associated with AML survival. K-M illustrated that the high expression of the nine-prognostic genes is associated with poor prognosis in AML. ROC further provided high diagnostic efficacy of the prognostic genes. ANOVA also validated the difference in gene expression profiles of the nine genes between the survival groups, and highlighted four prognostic genes to provide novel insight into risk subcategories poor and intermediate-poor, as well as good and intermediate-good that displayed similar expression patterns. Conclusion: Prognostic genes can provide more accurate risk stratification in AML. CD109, CPNE3, DDIT4, and INPP4B provided novel targets for better intermediate-risk stratification. This could enhance treatment strategies for this group, which constitutes the majority of adult AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasr Eshibona
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of The Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michelle Livesey
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of The Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alan Christoffels
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of The Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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21
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Ling VY, Straube J, Godfrey W, Haldar R, Janardhanan Y, Cooper L, Bruedigam C, Cooper E, Tavakoli Shirazi P, Jacquelin S, Tey SK, Baell J, Huang F, Jin J, Zhao Y, Bullinger L, Bywater MJ, Lane SW. Targeting cell cycle and apoptosis to overcome chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:143-153. [PMID: 36400926 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML), frequently driven by clonal evolution, has a dismal prognosis. A genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen investigating resistance to doxorubicin and cytarabine (Dox/AraC) in human AML cell lines identified gene knockouts involving AraC metabolism and genes that regulate cell cycle arrest (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) and TP53) as contributing to resistance. In human AML cohorts, reduced expression of CDKN2A conferred inferior overall survival and CDKN2A downregulation occurred at relapse in paired diagnosis-relapse samples, validating its clinical relevance. Therapeutically targeting the G1S cell cycle restriction point (with CDK4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib and KAT6A inhibitor, WM-1119, to upregulate CDKN2A) synergized with chemotherapy. Additionally, direct promotion of apoptosis with venetoclax, showed substantial synergy with chemotherapy, overcoming resistance mediated by impaired cell cycle arrest. Altogether, we identify defective cell cycle arrest as a clinically relevant contributor to chemoresistance and identify rationally designed therapeutic combinations that enhance response in AML, potentially circumventing chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Y Ling
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jasmin Straube
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - William Godfrey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rohit Haldar
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Leanne Cooper
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Claudia Bruedigam
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emily Cooper
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Siok-Keen Tey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jonathan Baell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Jin
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Megan J Bywater
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Steven W Lane
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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22
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Steinhäuser S, Silva P, Lenk L, Beder T, Hartmann A, Hänzelmann S, Fransecky L, Neumann M, Bastian L, Lipinski S, Richter K, Bultmann M, Hübner E, Xia S, Röllig C, Vogiatzi F, Schewe DM, Yumiceba V, Schultz K, Spielmann M, Baldus CD. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation drives leukemogenesis by PDGFRA activation due to insulator disruption in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Leukemia 2023; 37:134-142. [PMID: 36411356 PMCID: PMC9883162 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by complex molecular alterations and driver mutations. Elderly patients show increased frequencies of IDH mutations with high chemoresistance and relapse rates despite recent therapeutic advances. Besides being associated with global promoter hypermethylation, IDH1 mutation facilitated changes in 3D DNA-conformation by CTCF-anchor methylation and upregulated oncogene expression in glioma, correlating with poor prognosis. Here, we investigated the role of IDH1 p.R132H mutation in altering 3D DNA-architecture and subsequent oncogene activation in AML. Using public RNA-Seq data, we identified upregulation of tyrosine kinase PDGFRA in IDH1-mutant patients, correlating with poor prognosis. DNA methylation analysis identified CpG hypermethylation within a CTCF-anchor upstream of PDGFRA in IDH1-mutant patients. Increased PDGFRA expression, PDGFRA-CTCF methylation and decreased CTCF binding were confirmed in AML CRISPR cells with heterozygous IDH1 p.R132H mutation and upon exogenous 2-HG treatment. IDH1-mutant cells showed higher sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib, which was supported by reduced blast count in a patient with refractory IDH1-mutant AML after dasatinib treatment. Our data illustrate that IDH1 p.R132H mutation leads to CTCF hypermethylation, disrupting DNA-looping and insulation of PDGFRA, resulting in PDGFRA upregulation in IDH1-mutant AML. Treatment with dasatinib may offer a novel treatment strategy for IDH1-mutant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Steinhäuser
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Patricia Silva
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lennart Lenk
- Department of Pediatrics I, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Beder
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alina Hartmann
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sonja Hänzelmann
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lars Fransecky
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Neumann
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lorenz Bastian
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simone Lipinski
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein (UCCSH), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kathrin Richter
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Miriam Bultmann
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Emely Hübner
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Shuli Xia
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Röllig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl-Gustav-Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fotini Vogiatzi
- Department of Pediatrics I, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Veronica Yumiceba
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kristin Schultz
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Claudia Dorothea Baldus
- Department of Inner Medicine II (Hematology/Oncology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein (UCCSH), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
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23
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High ME1 Expression Is a Molecular Predictor of Post-Transplant Survival of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010296. [PMID: 36612292 PMCID: PMC9818450 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several laboratory and clinical variables have been reported to be associated with the outcome of intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but only a few have been tested in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). This study aimed to identify genes whose expression of AML at diagnosis were associated with survival after HSCT. For this purpose, three publicly available adult AML cohorts (TCGA, BeatAML, and HOVON), whose patients were treated with intensive chemotherapy and then subjected to allogeneic or autologous HSCT, were included in this study. After whole transcriptome analysis, we identified ME1 as the only gene whose high expression was associated with shorter survival in patients subjected to HSCT. In addition, the inclusion of ME1 expression was able to improve the European LeukemiaNet risk stratification. Pathways related to lipid biosynthesis, mainly fatty acids, and cholesterol were positively correlated with ME1 expression. Furthermore, ME1 expression was associated with an M2 macrophage-enriched microenvironment, mature AML blasts hierarchy, and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. Therefore, ME1 expression can be used as biomarker of poor response to HSCT in AML.
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24
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Aitken MJL, Malaney P, Zhang X, Herbrich SM, Chan L, Benitez O, Rodriguez A, Ma H, Jacamo R, Duan R, Link T, Kornblau S, Kanagal-Shamanna R, Bueso-Ramos C, Post S. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K is overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia and causes myeloproliferation in mice via altered Runx1 splicing. NAR Cancer 2022; 4:zcac039. [PMID: 36518526 PMCID: PMC9732523 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is driven by numerous molecular events that contribute to disease progression. Herein, we identify hnRNP K overexpression as a recurrent abnormality in AML that negatively correlates with patient survival. Overexpression of hnRNP K in murine fetal liver cells results in altered self-renewal and differentiation potential. Further, murine transplantation models reveal that hnRNP K overexpression results in myeloproliferation in vivo. Mechanistic studies expose a direct functional relationship between hnRNP K and RUNX1-a master transcriptional regulator of hematopoiesis often dysregulated in leukemia. Molecular analyses show that overexpression of hnRNP K results in an enrichment of an alternatively spliced isoform of RUNX1 lacking exon 4. Our work establishes hnRNP K's oncogenic potential in influencing myelogenesis through its regulation of RUNX1 splicing and subsequent transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa J L Aitken
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Prerna Malaney
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shelley M Herbrich
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren Chan
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oscar Benitez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashley G Rodriguez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huaxian Ma
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Jacamo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruizhi Duan
- School of Health Professions, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Todd M Link
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos E Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean M Post
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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MIR retrotransposons link the epigenome and the transcriptome of coding genes in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6524. [PMID: 36316347 PMCID: PMC9622910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
DNMT3A and IDH1/2 mutations combinatorically regulate the transcriptome and the epigenome in acute myeloid leukemia; yet the mechanisms of this interplay are unknown. Using a systems approach within topologically associating domains, we find that genes with significant expression-methylation correlations are enriched in signaling and metabolic pathways. The common denominator across these methylation-regulated genes is the density in MIR retrotransposons of their introns. Moreover, a discrete number of CpGs overlapping enhancers are responsible for regulating most of these genes. Established mouse models recapitulate the dependency of MIR-rich genes on the balanced expression of epigenetic modifiers, while projection of leukemic profiles onto normal hematopoiesis ones further consolidates the dependencies of methylation-regulated genes on MIRs. Collectively, MIR elements on genes and enhancers are susceptible to changes in DNA methylation activity and explain the cooperativity of proteins in this pathway in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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26
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Targeting EZH2 Promotes Chemosensitivity of BCL-2 Inhibitor through Suppressing PI3K and c-KIT Signaling in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911393. [PMID: 36232694 PMCID: PMC9569949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common hematological malignancies with high heterogeneity, characterized by a differentiating block at the early progenitor stage. The selective BCL-2 inhibitor, Venetoclax (Ven), has shown exciting clinical results in a certain group of AML patients. However, Ven alone is insufficient to reach an enduringly complete response, which leads to the concern of Ven resistance. Alternative combined therapies with Ven are demanded in AML. Here, we reported the synergistic effect and molecular mechanism of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitor DZNeP with Ven in AML cells. Results showed that the combination of DZNeP with Ven significantly induces cell proliferation arrest compared to single-drug control in AML cells and primary samples, and CalcuSyn analysis showed their significant synergy. The combination also significantly promotes apoptosis and increases the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. The whole transcriptome analysis showed that phosphoinositide-3-kinase-interacting protein1 (PIK3IP1), the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling suppressor, is upregulated upon DZNeP treatment. Moreover, EZH2 is upregulated but PIK3IP1 is downregulated in 88 newly diagnosed AML cohorts compared to 70 healthy controls, and a higher expression of EZH2 is associated with poor outcomes in AML patients. Particularly, the combination of DZNeP with Ven dramatically eliminated CD117 (c-KIT) (+) AML blasts, suggesting the effect of the combination on tumor stem cells. In summary, our data indicated that DZNeP increases the sensitivity of Ven in AML by affecting PI3K and c-KIT signaling in AML. Our results also suggested that the therapeutic targeting of both EZH2 and BCL-2 provides a novel potential combined strategy against AML.
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27
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Identification of the Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) as a Novel Biomarker in the Prognosis for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101359. [PMID: 36291567 PMCID: PMC9599642 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a biologically and genetically heterogeneous hematological malignance with an unsatisfactory risk stratification system. Recently, through the novel single-cell RNA sequencing technology, we revealed heterogeneous leukemia myeloblasts in RUNX1-RUNX1T1 AML. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), as biomarkers of CD34+CD117bri myeloblasts, were found to be prognostic in RUNX1-RUNX1T1 AML. However, the clinical and genetic features of TRH in AML patients are poorly understood. Here, with data from TCGA AML, TRH was found to be downregulated in patients older than 60 years old, with DNMT3A and NPM1 mutations, while overexpressed in patients with KIT mutations. This was further validated in three other cohorts of primary AML including Beat AML (n = 223), GSE6891 (n = 461), and GSE17855 (n = 237). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the expression of TRH in AML could be used to improve the ELN 2017 risk stratification system. In conclusion, our preliminary analysis revealed that TRH, a novel biomarker for AML patients, could be used to evaluate the survival of AML.
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28
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Wang Y, Chen S, Chi P, Nie R, Gale RP, Huang H, Chen Z, Cai Y, Yan E, Zhang X, Zhong N, Liang Y. Survival prediction optimization of acute myeloid leukaemia based on T‐cell function‐related genes and plasma proteins. Br J Haematol 2022; 199:572-586. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation, Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Shuzhao Chen
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation, Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Peidong Chi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Runcong Nie
- Department of Gastric Surgery Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Robert Peter Gale
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation, Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
- Haematology Centre, Department of Immunology and Inflammation Imperial College London London UK
| | - Hanying Huang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation, Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Yanyu Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Enping Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Xinmei Zhang
- Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd Guangzhou China
| | - Na Zhong
- Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Liang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation, Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
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29
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Ung J, Tan SF, Fox TE, Shaw JJP, Vass LR, Costa-Pinheiro P, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Keng MK, Sharma A, Claxton DF, Levine RL, Tallman MS, Cabot MC, Kester M, Feith DJ, Loughran TP. Harnessing the power of sphingolipids: Prospects for acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Rev 2022; 55:100950. [PMID: 35487785 PMCID: PMC9475810 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive, heterogenous malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of bone marrow-derived myeloid progenitor cells. While our current understanding of the molecular and genomic landscape of AML has evolved dramatically and opened avenues for molecularly targeted therapeutics to improve upon standard intensive induction chemotherapy, curative treatments are elusive, particularly in older patients. Responses to current AML treatments are transient and incomplete, necessitating the development of novel treatment strategies to improve outcomes. To this end, harnessing the power of bioactive sphingolipids to treat cancer shows great promise. Sphingolipids are involved in many hallmarks of cancer of paramount importance in AML. Leukemic blast survival is influenced by cellular levels of ceramide, a bona fide pro-death molecule, and its conversion to signaling molecules such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and glycosphingolipids. Preclinical studies demonstrate the efficacy of therapeutics that target dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism as well as their combinatorial synergy with clinically-relevant therapeutics. Thus, increased understanding of sphingolipid dysregulation may be exploited to improve AML patient care and outcomes. This review summarizes the current knowledge of dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism in AML, evaluates how pro-survival sphingolipids promote AML pathogenesis, and discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting these dysregulated sphingolipid pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson Ung
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Todd E Fox
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Jeremy J P Shaw
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Luke R Vass
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Pedro Costa-Pinheiro
- Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Michael K Keng
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Arati Sharma
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - David F Claxton
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Ross L Levine
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Martin S Tallman
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Myles C Cabot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States of America; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Mark Kester
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - David J Feith
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Thomas P Loughran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America.
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30
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Eshibona N, Giwa A, Rossouw SC, Gamieldien J, Christoffels A, Bendou H. Upregulation of FHL1, SPNS3, and MPZL2 predicts poor prognosis in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patients with FLT3-ITD mutation. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:1897-1906. [PMID: 35249471 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2045594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations and gene mutations are characteristics of the genomic profile of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We aim to identify a gene signature associated with poor prognosis in AML patients with FLT3-ITD compared to AML patients with NPM1/CEBPA mutations. RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) count data were downloaded from the UCSC Xena browser. Samples were grouped by their mutation status into high and low-risk groups. Differential gene expression (DGE), machine learning (ML) and survival analyses were performed. A total of 471 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 16 DEGs were used as features for the prediction of mutation status. An accuracy of 92% was obtained from the ML model. FHL1, SPNS3, and MPZL2 were found to be associated with overall survival in FLT3-ITD samples. FLT3-ITD mutation confers an indicative gene expression profile different from NPM1/CEBPA mutation, and the expression of FHL1, SPSN3, and MPZL2 can serve as prognostic indicators of unfavorable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasr Eshibona
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Abdulazeez Giwa
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sophia Catherine Rossouw
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Junaid Gamieldien
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alan Christoffels
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hocine Bendou
- SAMRC Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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31
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Zeng AGX, Bansal S, Jin L, Mitchell A, Chen WC, Abbas HA, Chan-Seng-Yue M, Voisin V, van Galen P, Tierens A, Cheok M, Preudhomme C, Dombret H, Daver N, Futreal PA, Minden MD, Kennedy JA, Wang JCY, Dick JE. A cellular hierarchy framework for understanding heterogeneity and predicting drug response in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Med 2022; 28:1212-1223. [PMID: 35618837 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The treatment landscape of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is evolving, with promising therapies entering clinical translation, yet patient responses remain heterogeneous, and biomarkers for tailoring treatment are lacking. To understand how disease heterogeneity links with therapy response, we determined the leukemia cell hierarchy makeup from bulk transcriptomes of more than 1,000 patients through deconvolution using single-cell reference profiles of leukemia stem, progenitor and mature cell types. Leukemia hierarchy composition was associated with functional, genomic and clinical properties and converged into four overall classes, spanning Primitive, Mature, GMP and Intermediate. Critically, variation in hierarchy composition along the Primitive versus GMP or Primitive versus Mature axes were associated with response to chemotherapy or drug sensitivity profiles of targeted therapies, respectively. A seven-gene biomarker derived from the Primitive versus Mature axis was associated with response to 105 investigational drugs. Cellular hierarchy composition constitutes a novel framework for understanding disease biology and advancing precision medicine in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy G X Zeng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suraj Bansal
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Liqing Jin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda Mitchell
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Weihsu Claire Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Biologics Discovery, Amgen British Columbia, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Hussein A Abbas
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Peter van Galen
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne Tierens
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Hematopathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meyling Cheok
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Hervé Dombret
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James A Kennedy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean C Y Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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32
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The Hematopoietic TALE-Code Shows Normal Activity of IRX1 in Myeloid Progenitors and Reveals Ectopic Expression of IRX3 and IRX5 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063192. [PMID: 35328612 PMCID: PMC8952210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeobox genes encode transcription factors that control basic developmental decisions. Knowledge of their hematopoietic activities casts light on normal and malignant immune cell development. Recently, we constructed the so-called lymphoid TALE-code that codifies expression patterns of all active TALE class homeobox genes in early hematopoiesis and lymphopoiesis. Here, we present the corresponding myeloid TALE-code to extend this gene signature, covering the entire hematopoietic system. The collective data showed expression patterns for eleven TALE homeobox genes and highlighted the exclusive expression of IRX1 in megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEPs), implicating this TALE class member in a specific myeloid differentiation process. Analysis of public profiling data from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients revealed aberrant activity of IRX1 in addition to IRX3 and IRX5, indicating an oncogenic role for these TALE homeobox genes when deregulated. Screening of RNA-seq data from 100 leukemia/lymphoma cell lines showed overexpression of IRX1, IRX3, and IRX5 in megakaryoblastic and myelomonocytic AML cell lines, chosen as suitable models for studying the regulation and function of these homeo-oncogenes. Genomic copy number analysis of IRX-positive cell lines demonstrated chromosomal amplification of the neighboring IRX3 and IRX5 genes at position 16q12 in MEGAL, underlying their overexpression in this cell line model. Comparative gene expression analysis of these cell lines revealed candidate upstream factors and target genes, namely the co-expression of GATA1 and GATA2 together with IRX1, and of BMP2 and HOXA10 with IRX3/IRX5. Subsequent knockdown and stimulation experiments in AML cell lines confirmed their activating impact in the corresponding IRX gene expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IRX1 activated KLF1 and TAL1, while IRX3 inhibited GATA1, GATA2, and FST. Accordingly, we propose that these regulatory relationships may represent major physiological and oncogenic activities of IRX factors in normal and malignant myeloid differentiation, respectively. Finally, the established myeloid TALE-code is a useful tool for evaluating TALE homeobox gene activities in AML.
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33
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An oncogenic enhancer encodes selective selenium dependency in AML. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:386-399.e7. [PMID: 35108519 PMCID: PMC8903199 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of transcription is a hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that drives oncogenic expression programs and presents opportunities for therapeutic targeting. By integrating comprehensive pan-cancer enhancer landscapes with genetic dependency mapping, we find that AML-enriched enhancers encode for more selective tumor dependencies. We hypothesized that this approach could identify actionable dependencies downstream of oncogenic driver events and discovered a MYB-regulated AML-enriched enhancer regulating SEPHS2, a key component of the selenoprotein production pathway. Using a combination of patient samples and mouse models, we show that this enhancer upregulates SEPHS2, promoting selenoprotein production and antioxidant function required for AML survival. SEPHS2 and other selenoprotein pathway genes are required for AML growth in vitro. SEPHS2 knockout and selenium dietary restriction significantly delay leukemogenesis in vivo with little effect on normal hematopoiesis. These data validate the utility of enhancer mapping in target identification and suggest that selenoprotein production is an actionable target in AML.
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34
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Dai C, Chen M, Wang C, Hao X. Deconvolution of Bulk Gene Expression Profiles with Single-Cell Transcriptomics to Develop a Cell Type Composition-Based Prognostic Model for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:762260. [PMID: 34869351 PMCID: PMC8633313 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.762260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the malignant hematologic cancers with rapid progress and poor prognosis. Most AML prognostic stratifications focused on genetic abnormalities. However, none of them was established based on the cell type compositions (CTCs) of peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirates from patients at diagnosis. Here we sought to develop a novel prognostic model for AML in adults based on the CTCs. First, we applied the CIBERSORT algorithm to estimate the CTCs for patients from two public datasets (GSE6891 and TCGA-LAML) using a custom gene expression signature reference constructed by an AML single-cell RNA sequencing dataset (GSE116256). Then, a CTC-based prognostic model was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression, termed CTC score. The constructed prognostic model CTC score comprised 3 cell types, GMP-like, HSC-like, and T. Compared with the low-CTC-score group, the high-CTC-score group showed a 1.57-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23 to 2.00; p = 0.0002] and a 2.32-fold (95% CI, 1.53 to 3.51; p < 0.0001) higher overall mortality risk in the training set (GSE6891) and validation set (TCGA-LAML), respectively. When adjusting for age at diagnosis, cytogenetic risk, and karyotype, the CTC score remained statistically significant in both the training set [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.25; 95% CI, 1.20 to 4.24; p = 0.0119] and the validation set (HR = 7.97; 95% CI, 2.95 to 21.56; p < 0.0001]. We further compared the performance of the CTC score with two gene expression-based prognostic scores: the 17-gene leukemic stem cell score (LSC17 score) and the AML prognostic score (APS). It turned out that the CTC score achieved comparable performance at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-years timepoints and provided independent and additional prognostic information different from the LSC17 score and APS. In conclusion, the CTC score could serve as a powerful prognostic marker for AML and has great potential to assist clinicians to formulate individualized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguqiu Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengya Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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35
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Ueda T, Kanai A, Komuro A, Amano H, Ota K, Honda M, Kawazu M, Okada H. KDM4B promotes acute myeloid leukemia associated with AML1-ETO by regulating chromatin accessibility. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:1020-1033. [PMID: 34938963 PMCID: PMC8664044 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations of chromatin structure affect chromatin accessibility and collaborate with genetic alterations in the development of cancer. Lysine demethylase 4B (KDM4B) has been identified as a JmjC domain-containing epigenetic modifier that possesses histone demethylase activity. Although recent studies have demonstrated that KDM4B positively regulates the pathogenesis of multiple types of solid tumors, the tissue specificity and context dependency have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated gene expression profiles established from clinical samples and found that KDM4B is elevated specifically in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with chromosomal translocation 8;21 [t(8;21)], which results in a fusion of the AML1 and the eight-twenty-one (ETO) genes to generate a leukemia oncogene, AML1-ETO fusion transcription factor. Short hairpin RNA-mediated KDM4B silencing significantly reduced cell proliferation in t(8;21)-positive AML cell lines. Meanwhile, KDM4B silencing suppressed the expression of AML1-ETO-inducible genes, and consistently perturbed chromatin accessibility of AML1-ETO-binding sites involving altered active enhancer marks and functional cis-regulatory elements. Notably, transduction of murine KDM4B orthologue mutants followed by KDM4B silencing demonstrated a requirement of methylated-histone binding modules for a proliferative surge. To address the role of KDM4B in leukemia development, we further generated and analyzed Kdm4b conditional knockout mice. As a result, Kdm4b deficiency attenuated clonogenic potential mediated by AML1-ETO and delayed leukemia progression in vivo. Thus, our results highlight a tumor-promoting role of KDM4B in AML associated with t(8;21).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ueda
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Graduate School of Medical SciencesKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Akinori Kanai
- Department of Molecular OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and MedicineHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Akiyoshi Komuro
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Hisayuki Amano
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Kazushige Ota
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Masahiko Honda
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Masahito Kawazu
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Hitoshi Okada
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Graduate School of Medical SciencesKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Anti‐Aging CenterKindai UniversityHigashi‐OsakaJapan
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36
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Sabatier M, Boet E, Zaghdoudi S, Guiraud N, Hucteau A, Polley N, Cognet G, Saland E, Lauture L, Farge T, Sahal A, Pancaldi V, Chu-Van E, Castelli F, Bertoli S, Bories P, Récher C, Boutzen H, Mansat-De Mas V, Stuani L, Sarry JE. Activation of Vitamin D Receptor Pathway Enhances Differentiating Capacity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5243. [PMID: 34680392 PMCID: PMC8533831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapses and resistance to therapeutic agents are major barriers in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. These unfavorable outcomes emphasize the need for new strategies targeting drug-resistant cells. As IDH mutations are present in the preleukemic stem cells and systematically conserved at relapse, targeting IDH mutant cells could be essential to achieve a long-term remission in the IDH mutant AML subgroup. Here, using a panel of human AML cell lines and primary AML patient specimens harboring IDH mutations, we showed that the production of an oncometabolite (R)-2-HG by IDH mutant enzymes induces vitamin D receptor-related transcriptional changes, priming these AML cells to differentiate with pharmacological doses of ATRA and/or VD. This activation occurs in a CEBPα-dependent manner. Accordingly, our findings illuminate potent and cooperative effects of IDH mutations and the vitamin D receptor pathway on differentiation in AML, revealing a novel therapeutic approach easily transferable/immediately applicable to this subgroup of AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sabatier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Boet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Sonia Zaghdoudi
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathan Guiraud
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexis Hucteau
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathaniel Polley
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Cognet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Saland
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Lauture
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Farge
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Ambrine Sahal
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Vera Pancaldi
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
| | - Emeline Chu-Van
- CEA/DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d’Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, MetaboHUB-Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (E.C.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Florence Castelli
- CEA/DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d’Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, MetaboHUB-Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (E.C.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Sarah Bertoli
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Département d’Hématologie, University of Toulouse, CEDEX 6, 31013 Toulouse, France
- Service d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, CHU de Toulouse, CEDEX 9, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Bories
- Réseau Régional de Cancérologie Onco-Occitanie, CEDEX 9, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Christian Récher
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Département d’Hématologie, University of Toulouse, CEDEX 6, 31013 Toulouse, France
- Service d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, CHU de Toulouse, CEDEX 9, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Héléna Boutzen
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Mansat-De Mas
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Département d’Hématologie, University of Toulouse, CEDEX 6, 31013 Toulouse, France
| | - Lucille Stuani
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 1, 31037 Toulouse, France; (M.S.); (E.B.); (S.Z.); (N.G.); (A.H.); (N.P.); (G.C.); (E.S.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (C.R.); (H.B.); (V.M.-D.M.)
- LabEx Toucan, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, 31037 Toulouse, France
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Chiarella E, Aloisio A, Scicchitano S, Todoerti K, Cosentino EG, Lico D, Neri A, Amodio N, Bond HM, Mesuraca M. ZNF521 Enhances MLL-AF9-Dependent Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transformation in Acute Myeloid Leukemias by Altering the Gene Expression Landscape. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910814. [PMID: 34639154 PMCID: PMC8509509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemias derived from the MLL-AF9 rearrangement rely on dysfunctional transcriptional networks. ZNF521, a transcription co-factor implicated in the control of hematopoiesis, has been proposed to sustain leukemic transformation in collaboration with other oncogenes. Here, we demonstrate that ZNF521 mRNA levels correlate with specific genetic aberrations: in particular, the highest expression is observed in AMLs bearing MLL rearrangements, while the lowest is detected in AMLs with FLT3-ITD, NPM1, or CEBPα double mutations. In cord blood-derived CD34+ cells, enforced expression of ZNF521 provides a significant proliferative advantage and enhances MLL-AF9 effects on the induction of proliferation and the expansion of leukemic progenitor cells. Transcriptome analysis of primary CD34+ cultures displayed subsets of genes up-regulated by MLL-AF9 or ZNF521 single transgene overexpression as well as in MLL-AF9/ZNF521 combinations, at either the early or late time points of an in vitro leukemogenesis model. The silencing of ZNF521 in the MLL-AF9 + THP-1 cell line coherently results in an impairment of growth and clonogenicity, recapitulating the effects observed in primary cells. Taken together, these results underscore a role for ZNF521 in sustaining the self-renewal of the immature AML compartment, most likely through the perturbation of the gene expression landscape, which ultimately favors the expansion of MLL-AF9-transformed leukemic clones.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/genetics
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/metabolism
- Nucleophosmin
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Survival Rate
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Chiarella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.); (E.G.C.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (H.M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Annamaria Aloisio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.); (E.G.C.); (N.A.)
| | - Stefania Scicchitano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.); (E.G.C.); (N.A.)
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (A.N.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela G. Cosentino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.); (E.G.C.); (N.A.)
- Exiris S.r.l., 00128 Roma, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Lico
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Antonino Neri
- Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (A.N.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.); (E.G.C.); (N.A.)
| | - Heather Mandy Bond
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.); (E.G.C.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (H.M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Mesuraca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.); (E.G.C.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (H.M.B.); (M.M.)
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Grandits AM, Nguyen CH, Schlerka A, Hackl H, Sill H, Etzler J, Heyes E, Stoiber D, Grebien F, Heller G, Wieser R. Downregulation of MTSS1 in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with a poor prognosis, chemotherapy resistance, and disease aggressiveness. Leukemia 2021; 35:2827-2839. [PMID: 33782537 PMCID: PMC8478650 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent approval of targeted drugs for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy, chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and anthracyclines remains an important pillar of treatment. Both primary and secondary resistance are frequent and associated with poor survival, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. In previous work, we identified genes deregulated between diagnosis and relapse of AML, corresponding to therapy naïve and resistant states, respectively. Among them was MTSS1, whose downregulation is known to enhance aggressiveness of solid tumors. Here we show that low MTSS1 expression at diagnosis was associated with a poor prognosis in AML. MTSS1 expression was regulated by promoter methylation, and reduced by cytosine arabinoside and the anthracycline daunorubicin. Experimental downregulation of MTSS1 affected the expression of numerous genes. It induced the DNA damage response kinase WEE1, and rendered human AML cell lines more resistant to cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, and other anti-cancer drugs. Mtss1 knockdown in murine MLL-AF9-driven AML substantially decreased disease latency, and increased leukemic burden and ex vivo chemotherapy resistance. In summary, low MTSS1 expression represents a novel factor contributing to disease aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and poor outcome in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anthracyclines/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cytarabine/administration & dosage
- Daunorubicin/administration & dosage
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Survival Rate
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Michael Grandits
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angela Schlerka
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Etzler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elizabeth Heyes
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Florian Grebien
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rotraud Wieser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.
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Zeng T, Cao Y, Jin T, Tian Y, Dai C, Xu F. The CD112R/CD112 axis: a breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:285. [PMID: 34507594 PMCID: PMC8431939 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors is a significant milestone in cancer immunotherapy research. However, some patients with primary or adaptive drug resistance might not benefit from the overall therapeutic potential of immunotherapy in oncology. Thus, it is becoming increasingly critical for oncologists to explore the availability of new immune checkpoint inhibitors. An emerging co-inhibitory receptor, CD112R (also called PVRIG), is most commonly expressed on natural killer (NK) and T cells. It binds to its ligand (CD112 or PVRL2/nectin-2) and inhibits the strength with which T cells and NK cells respond to cancer. Therefore, CD112R is being presented as a new immune checkpoint inhibitor with high potential in cancer immunotherapy. CD112 is easily detectable on antigen-presenting or tumor cells, and its high level of expression has been linked with tumor progression and poor outcomes in most cancer patients. This review explores the molecular and functional relationship between CD112R, TIGIT, CD96, and CD226 in T cell responses. In addition, this review comprehensively discusses the recent developments of CD112R/CD112 immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofei Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yuqing Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Tianqiang Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Chaoliu Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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40
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Straube J, Lane SW, Vu T. Optimizing DNA hypomethylating therapy in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100125. [PMID: 34463368 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The DNA hypomethylating agents (HMA) azacitidine (AZA) and decitabine (DAC) improve survival and transfusion independence in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and enable a low intensity cytotoxic treatment for aged AML patients unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy, particularly in combination with novel agents. The proposed mechanism of AZA and DAC relies on active DNA replication and therefore patient responses are only observed after multiple cycles of treatment. Although extended dosing may provide the optimal scheduling, the reliance of injectable formulation of the drug limits it to intermittent treatment. Recently, an oral formulation of AZA demonstrated significantly improved patient relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) when used as maintenance after chemotherapy for AML. In addition, both DAC and AZA were found to be highly effective to improve survival in elderly patients with AML through combination with other drugs. These recent exciting results have changed the therapeutic paradigm for elderly patients with AML. In light of this, we review current knowledge on HMA mechanism of action, clinical trials exploring dosing and scheduling, and recent HMA combination therapies to enhance efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Straube
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steven W Lane
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Therese Vu
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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41
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Aung MMK, Mills ML, Bittencourt‐Silvestre J, Keeshan K. Insights into the molecular profiles of adult and paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2253-2272. [PMID: 33421304 PMCID: PMC8410545 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous disease characterised by uncontrolled proliferation, block in differentiation and acquired self-renewal of hematopoietic stem and myeloid progenitor cells. This results in the clonal expansion of myeloid blasts within the bone marrow and peripheral blood. The incidence of AML increases with age, and in childhood, AML accounts for 20% of all leukaemias. Whilst there are many clinical and biological similarities between paediatric and adult AML with continuum across the age range, many characteristics of AML are associated with age of disease onset. These include chromosomal aberrations, gene mutations and differentiation lineage. Following chemotherapy, AML cells that survive and result in disease relapse exist in an altered chemoresistant state. Molecular profiling currently represents a powerful avenue of experimentation to study AML cells from adults and children pre- and postchemotherapy as a means of identifying prognostic biomarkers and targetable molecular vulnerabilities that may be age-specific. This review highlights recent advances in our knowledge of the molecular profiles with a focus on transcriptomes and metabolomes, leukaemia stem cells and chemoresistant cells in adult and paediatric AML and focus on areas that hold promise for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myint Myat Khine Aung
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research CentreInstitute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowUK
| | - Megan L. Mills
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research CentreInstitute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowUK
| | | | - Karen Keeshan
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research CentreInstitute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowUK
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42
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Insights Into Systemic Sclerosis from Gene Expression Profiling. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN RHEUMATOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40674-021-00183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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43
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Hellesøy M, Engen C, Grob T, Löwenberg B, Valk PJM, Gjertsen BT. Sex disparity in acute myeloid leukaemia with FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations: implications for prognosis. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2285-2299. [PMID: 34101344 PMCID: PMC8410575 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence, molecular presentation and outcome of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are influenced by sex, but little attention has been directed at untangling sex‐related molecular and phenotypic differences between female and male patients. While increased incidence and poor risk are generally associated with a male phenotype, the poor prognostic FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3‐ITD) mutation and co‐mutations with NPM1 and DNMT3A are overrepresented in female AML. Here, we have investigated the relationship between sex and FLT3‐ITD mutation status by comparing clinical data, mutational profiles, gene expression and ex vivo drug sensitivity in four cohorts: Beat AML, LAML‐TCGA and two independent HOVON/SAKK cohorts, comprising 1755 AML patients in total. We found prevalent sex‐associated molecular differences. Co‐occurrence of FLT3‐ITD, NPM1 and DNMT3A mutations was overrepresented in females, while males with FLT3‐ITDs were characterized by additional mutations in RNA splicing and epigenetic modifier genes. We observed diverging expression of multiple leukaemia‐associated genes as well as discrepant ex vivo drug responses, suggestive of discrete functional properties. Importantly, significant prognostication was observed only in female FLT3‐ITD‐mutated AML. Thus, we suggest optimization of FLT3‐ITD mutation status as a clinical tool in a sex‐adjusted manner and hypothesize that prognostication, prediction and development of therapeutic strategies in AML could be improved by including sex‐specific considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Hellesøy
- Haematology Section, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Bergen HF, Norway
| | - Caroline Engen
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Tim Grob
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Löwenberg
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J M Valk
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bjørn T Gjertsen
- Haematology Section, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Bergen HF, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway
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44
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Shi Y, He Z, Bei L, Tao H, Ding B, Tao S, Wang C, Yu L. High expression of TARP correlates with inferior FLT3 mutations in non-adolescents and young adults with acute myeloid leukaemia. HEMATOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 26:380-387. [PMID: 33971801 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2021.1917915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a haematopoietic malignancy with a dismal outcome. Consequently, risk stratification based on more effective prognostic biomarkers is crucial to make accurate therapy decisions. T cell receptor gamma alternative reading frame protein (TARP) has been reported in prostate and breast cancers, but its correlation with AML remains unclear. METHODS Differential expression of TARP mRNA in different AML subtypes was analysed using the UALCAN online platform. Its relationship with baseline clinical attributes, survival and efficacy were analysed based on three GSE1159, GSE425 and GSE6891 microarray datasets downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Oncomine databases. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine mRNA levels of TARP in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) isolated from AML patients. RESULTS TARP was significantly overexpressed in AML patients. In AML, relatively low TARP expression was associated with the CBFβ-MYH11 fusion gene. The proportion of FLT3 mutations was significantly higher in non-adolescent and young adult (non-AYA, >39 years of age) AML patients who had high TARP levels but not in AYA (15-39 years) patients. High expression of TARP was related to poor outcome by univariate analysis but not by multivariate analysis and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects, which could be overcome by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that TARP might be a potential prognostic marker of AML and serve as a promising immunotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Shi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Huaian Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengmei He
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Liye Bei
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Tao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Banghe Ding
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shandong Tao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Huaian Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Huaian Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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45
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Simonetti G, Angeli D, Petracci E, Fonzi E, Vedovato S, Sperotto A, Padella A, Ghetti M, Ferrari A, Robustelli V, Di Liddo R, Conconi MT, Papayannidis C, Cerchione C, Rondoni M, Astolfi A, Ottaviani E, Martinelli G, Gottardi M. Adrenomedullin Expression Characterizes Leukemia Stem Cells and Associates With an Inflammatory Signature in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2021; 11:684396. [PMID: 34150648 PMCID: PMC8208888 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.684396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a hypotensive and vasodilator peptide belonging to the calcitonin gene-related peptide family. It is secreted in vitro by endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, and is significantly upregulated by a number of stimuli. Moreover, ADM participates in the regulation of hematopoietic compartment, solid tumors and leukemias, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To better characterize ADM involvement in AML pathogenesis, we investigated its expression during human hematopoiesis and in leukemic subsets, based on a morphological, cytogenetic and molecular characterization and in T cells from AML patients. In hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and T lymphocytes from healthy subjects, ADM transcript was barely detectable. It was expressed at low levels by megakaryocytes and erythroblasts, while higher levels were measured in neutrophils, monocytes and plasma cells. Moreover, cells populating the hematopoietic niche, including mesenchymal stem cells, showed to express ADM. ADM was overexpressed in AML cells versus normal CD34+ cells and in the subset of leukemia compared with hematopoietic stem cells. In parallel, we detected a significant variation of ADM expression among cytogenetic subgroups, measuring the highest levels in inv(16)/t(16;16) or complex karyotype AML. According to the mutational status of AML-related genes, the analysis showed a lower expression of ADM in FLT3-ITD, NPM1-mutated AML and FLT3-ITD/NPM1-mutated cases compared with wild-type ones. Moreover, ADM expression had a negative impact on overall survival within the favorable risk class, while showing a potential positive impact within the subgroup receiving a not-intensive treatment. The expression of 135 genes involved in leukemogenesis, regulation of cell proliferation, ferroptosis, protection from apoptosis, HIF-1α signaling, JAK-STAT pathway, immune and inflammatory responses was correlated with ADM levels in the bone marrow cells of at least two AML cohorts. Moreover, ADM was upregulated in CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells from AML patients compared with healthy controls and some ADM co-expressed genes participate in a signature of immune tolerance that characterizes CD4+ T cells from leukemic patients. Overall, our study shows that ADM expression in AML associates with a stem cell phenotype, inflammatory signatures and genes related to immunosuppression, all factors that contribute to therapy resistance and disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Simonetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Davide Angeli
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Petracci
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Eugenio Fonzi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Susanna Vedovato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sperotto
- Hematology and Transplant Center Unit, Dipartimento di Area Medica (DAME), Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Antonella Padella
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Martina Ghetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Anna Ferrari
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Valentina Robustelli
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosa Di Liddo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Conconi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Papayannidis
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Cerchione
- Hematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Michela Rondoni
- Hematology Unit & Romagna Transplant Network, Ravenna Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Astolfi
- “Giorgio Prodi” Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ottaviani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Michele Gottardi
- Onco Hematology, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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46
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ATF3 coordinates serine and nucleotide metabolism to drive cell cycle progression in acute myeloid leukemia. Mol Cell 2021; 81:2752-2764.e6. [PMID: 34081901 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a common feature of many human cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the upstream regulators that promote AML metabolic reprogramming and the benefits conferred to leukemia cells by these metabolic changes remain largely unknown. We report that the transcription factor ATF3 coordinates serine and nucleotide metabolism to maintain cell cycling, survival, and the differentiation blockade in AML. Analysis of mouse and human AML models demonstrate that ATF3 directly activates the transcription of genes encoding key enzymatic regulators of serine synthesis, one-carbon metabolism, and de novo purine and pyrimidine synthesis. Total steady-state polar metabolite and heavy isotope tracing analyses show that ATF3 inhibition reduces de novo serine synthesis, impedes the incorporation of serine-derived carbons into newly synthesized purines, and disrupts pyrimidine metabolism. Importantly, exogenous nucleotide supplementation mitigates the anti-leukemia effects of ATF3 inhibition. Together, these findings reveal the dependence of AML on ATF3-regulated serine and nucleotide metabolism.
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47
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Yang L, Zhang H, Yang X, Lu T, Ma S, Cheng H, Yen K, Cheng T. Prognostic Prediction of Cytogenetically Normal Acute Myeloid Leukemia Based on a Gene Expression Model. Front Oncol 2021; 11:659201. [PMID: 34123815 PMCID: PMC8190396 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.659201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) refers to a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancies. The well-known European Leukemia Network (ELN) stratifies AML patients into three risk groups, based primarily on the detection of cytogenetic abnormalities. However, the prognosis of cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML), which is the largest AML subset, can be hard to define. Moreover, the clinical outcomes associated with this subgroup are diverse. In this study, using transcriptome profiles collected from CN-AML patients in the BeatAML cohort, we constructed a robust prognostic Cox model named NEST (Nine-gEne SignaTure). The validity of NEST was confirmed in four external independent cohorts. Moreover, the risk score predicted by the NEST model remained an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analyses. Further analysis revealed that the NEST model was suitable for bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) samples but not peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples, which indirectly indicated subtle differences between BMMCs and PBMCs. Our data demonstrated the robustness and accuracy of the NEST model and implied the importance of the immune dysfunction in the leukemogenesis that occurs in CN-AML, which shed new light on the further exploration of molecular mechanisms and treatment guidance for CN-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Shihui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuangyu Yen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
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48
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Horizontal meta-analysis identifies common deregulated genes across AML subgroups providing a robust prognostic signature. Blood Adv 2021; 4:5322-5335. [PMID: 33108456 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in transcriptomics have improved our understanding of leukemic development and helped to enhance the stratification of patients. The tendency of transcriptomic studies to combine AML samples, regardless of cytogenetic abnormalities, could lead to bias in differential gene expression analysis because of the differential representation of AML subgroups. Hence, we performed a horizontal meta-analysis that integrated transcriptomic data on AML from multiple studies, to enrich the less frequent cytogenetic subgroups and to uncover common genes involved in the development of AML and response to therapy. A total of 28 Affymetrix microarray data sets containing 3940 AML samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. After stringent quality control, transcriptomic data on 1534 samples from 11 data sets, covering 10 AML cytogenetically defined subgroups, were retained and merged with the data on 198 healthy bone marrow samples. Differentially expressed genes between each cytogenetic subgroup and normal samples were extracted, enabling the unbiased identification of 330 commonly deregulated genes (CODEGs), which showed enriched profiles of myeloid differentiation, leukemic stem cell status, and relapse. Most of these genes were downregulated, in accordance with DNA hypermethylation. CODEGs were then used to create a prognostic score based on the weighted sum of expression of 22 core genes (CODEG22). The score was validated with microarray data of 5 independent cohorts and by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction in a cohort of 142 samples. CODEG22-based stratification of patients, globally and into subpopulations of cytologically healthy and elderly individuals, may complement the European LeukemiaNet classification, for a more accurate prediction of AML outcomes.
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49
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Stuani L, Sabatier M, Saland E, Cognet G, Poupin N, Bosc C, Castelli FA, Gales L, Turtoi E, Montersino C, Farge T, Boet E, Broin N, Larrue C, Baran N, Cissé MY, Conti M, Loric S, Kaoma T, Hucteau A, Zavoriti A, Sahal A, Mouchel PL, Gotanègre M, Cassan C, Fernando L, Wang F, Hosseini M, Chu-Van E, Le Cam L, Carroll M, Selak MA, Vey N, Castellano R, Fenaille F, Turtoi A, Cazals G, Bories P, Gibon Y, Nicolay B, Ronseaux S, Marszalek JR, Takahashi K, DiNardo CD, Konopleva M, Pancaldi V, Collette Y, Bellvert F, Jourdan F, Linares LK, Récher C, Portais JC, Sarry JE. Mitochondrial metabolism supports resistance to IDH mutant inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20200924. [PMID: 33760042 PMCID: PMC7995203 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in IDH induce epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming, differentiation bias, and susceptibility to mitochondrial inhibitors in cancer cells. Here, we first show that cell lines, PDXs, and patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harboring an IDH mutation displayed an enhanced mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Along with an increase in TCA cycle intermediates, this AML-specific metabolic behavior mechanistically occurred through the increase in electron transport chain complex I activity, mitochondrial respiration, and methylation-driven CEBPα-induced fatty acid β-oxidation of IDH1 mutant cells. While IDH1 mutant inhibitor reduced 2-HG oncometabolite and CEBPα methylation, it failed to reverse FAO and OxPHOS. These mitochondrial activities were maintained through the inhibition of Akt and enhanced activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 PGC1α upon IDH1 mutant inhibitor. Accordingly, OxPHOS inhibitors improved anti-AML efficacy of IDH mutant inhibitors in vivo. This work provides a scientific rationale for combinatory mitochondrial-targeted therapies to treat IDH mutant AML patients, especially those unresponsive to or relapsing from IDH mutant inhibitors.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Aminopyridines/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Doxycycline/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects
- Glycine/analogs & derivatives
- Glycine/pharmacology
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mutation
- Oxadiazoles/pharmacology
- Oxidative Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Triazines/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Stuani
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Sabatier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Saland
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Cognet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Poupin
- UMR1331 Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Claudie Bosc
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence A. Castelli
- CEA/DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d’Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, MetaboHUB-Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lara Gales
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National des sciences appliquées, Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Evgenia Turtoi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier Alliance for Metabolomics and Metabolism Analysis, Platform for Translational Oncometabolomics, Biocampus, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Montersino
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Farge
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Boet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Broin
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Clément Larrue
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Natalia Baran
- Departments of Leukemia and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Madi Y. Cissé
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Conti
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale U938, Hôpital St Antoine, Paris, France
- Integracell, Longjumeau, France
| | - Sylvain Loric
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale U938, Hôpital St Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Tony Kaoma
- Proteome and Genome Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Alexis Hucteau
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Aliki Zavoriti
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Ambrine Sahal
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-Luc Mouchel
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
- Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Gotanègre
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Cassan
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Laurent Fernando
- UMR1331 Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Feng Wang
- Departments of Leukemia and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mohsen Hosseini
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Chu-Van
- CEA/DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d’Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, MetaboHUB-Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Le Cam
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mary A. Selak
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Norbert Vey
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - François Fenaille
- CEA/DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d’Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, MetaboHUB-Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Cazals
- Laboratoire de Mesures Physiques, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Bories
- Réseau Régional de Cancérologie Onco-Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Joseph R. Marszalek
- Departments of Leukemia and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Koichi Takahashi
- Departments of Leukemia and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Courtney D. DiNardo
- Departments of Leukemia and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Departments of Leukemia and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Véra Pancaldi
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yves Collette
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Floriant Bellvert
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National des sciences appliquées, Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabien Jourdan
- UMR1331 Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Laetitia K. Linares
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
- Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Charles Portais
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National des sciences appliquées, Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale U1031, EFS, INP-ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherché Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
- LabEx Toucan, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Engen C, Hellesøy M, Grob T, Al Hinai A, Brendehaug A, Wergeland L, Bedringaas SL, Hovland R, Valk PJM, Gjertsen BT. FLT3-ITD mutations in acute myeloid leukaemia - molecular characteristics, distribution and numerical variation. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2300-2317. [PMID: 33817952 PMCID: PMC8410560 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent somatic internal tandem duplications (ITD) in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene characterise approximately one third of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), and FLT3-ITD mutation status guides risk-adapted treatment strategies. The aim of this work was to characterise FLT3-ITD variant distribution in relation to molecular and clinical features, and overall survival in adult AML patients. We performed two parallel retrospective cohort studies investigating FLT3-ITD length and expression by cDNA fragment analysis, followed by Sanger sequencing in a subset of samples. In the two cohorts, a total of 139 and 172 mutant alleles were identified in 111 and 123 patients, respectively, with 22% and 28% of patients presenting with more than one mutated allele. Further, 15% and 32% of samples had a FLT3-ITD total variant allele frequency (VAF) < 0.3, while 24% and 16% had a total VAF ≥ 0.7. Most of the assessed clinical features did not significantly correlate to FLT3-ITD numerical variation nor VAF. Low VAF was, however, associated with lower white blood cell count, while increasing VAF correlated with inferior overall survival in one of the cohorts. In the other cohort, ITD length above 50 bp was identified to correlate with inferior overall survival. Our report corroborates the poor prognostic association with high FLT3-ITD disease burden, as well as extensive inter- and intrapatient heterogeneity in the molecular features of FLT3-ITD. We suggest that future use of FLT3-targeted therapy could be accompanied with thorough molecular diagnostics and follow-up to better predict optimal therapy responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Engen
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Monica Hellesøy
- Haematology Section, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Bergen HF, Norway
| | - Tim Grob
- Department of Haematology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adil Al Hinai
- Department of Haematology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Atle Brendehaug
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Bergen HF, Norway
| | - Line Wergeland
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Siv Lise Bedringaas
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi Hovland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Bergen HF, Norway.,Department of Biosciences, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Peter J M Valk
- Department of Haematology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bjørn T Gjertsen
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway.,Haematology Section, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Bergen HF, Norway
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