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Karn V, Ahmed S, Tsai LW, Dubey R, Ojha S, Singh HN, Kumar M, Gupta PK, Sadhu S, Jha NK, Kumar A, Pandit S, Kumar S. Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapy for COVID-19: Promises, Challenges and Future Prospects. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101373. [PMID: 34680490 PMCID: PMC8533559 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious concern and has negatively impacted public health and the economy. It primarily targets the lungs, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, it may also lead to multiple organ failure (MOF) and enhanced mortality rates. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop potential effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from various types of cells that participate in intercellular communication to maintain physiological and pathological processes. EVs derived from various cellular origins have revealed suppressive effects on the cytokine storm during systemic hyper-inflammatory states of severe COVID-19, leading to enhanced alveolar fluid clearance, promoted epithelial and endothelial recovery, and cell proliferation. Being the smallest subclass of EVs, exosomes offer striking characteristics such as cell targeting, being nano-carriers for drug delivery, high biocompatibility, safety, and low-immunogenicity, thus rendering them a potential cell-free therapeutic candidate against the pathogeneses of various diseases. Due to these properties, numerous studies and clinical trials have been performed to assess their safety and therapeutic efficacy against COVID-19. Hence, in this review, we have comprehensively described current updates on progress and challenges for EVs as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamika Karn
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai 410221, India;
| | - Shaista Ahmed
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Lung-Wen Tsai
- Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.T.); (R.D.)
- Department of Information Technology Office, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.T.); (R.D.)
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Himanshu Naryan Singh
- Department of System Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Soumi Sadhu
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 801507, India;
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-120-4570-000
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Das K, Keshava S, Ansari SA, Kondreddy V, Esmon CT, Griffin JH, Pendurthi UR, Rao LVM. Factor VIIa induces extracellular vesicles from the endothelium: a potential mechanism for its hemostatic effect. Blood 2021; 137:3428-3442. [PMID: 33534910 PMCID: PMC8212509 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant factor FVIIa (rFVIIa) is used as a hemostatic agent to treat bleeding disorders in hemophilia patients with inhibitors and other groups of patients. Our recent studies showed that FVIIa binds endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) and induces protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1)-mediated biased signaling. The importance of FVIIa-EPCR-PAR1-mediated signaling in hemostasis is unknown. In the present study, we show that FVIIa induces the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. Silencing of EPCR or PAR1 in endothelial cells blocked the FVIIa-induced generation of EVs. Consistent with these data, FVIIa treatment enhanced the release of EVs from murine brain endothelial cells isolated from wild-type (WT), EPCR-overexpressing, and PAR1-R46Q-mutant mice, but not EPCR-deficient or PAR1-R41Q-mutant mice. In vivo studies revealed that administration of FVIIa to WT, EPCR-overexpressing, and PAR1-R46Q-mutant mice, but not EPCR-deficient or PAR1-R41Q-mutant mice, increased the number of circulating EVs. EVs released in response to FVIIa treatment exhibit enhanced procoagulant activity. Infusion of FVIIa-generated EVs and not control EVs to platelet-depleted mice increased thrombin generation at the site of injury and reduced blood loss. Administration of FVIIa-generated EVs or generation of EVs endogenously by administering FVIIa augmented the hemostatic effect of FVIIa. Overall, our data reveal that FVIIa treatment, through FVIIa-EPCR-PAR1 signaling, releases EVs from the endothelium into the circulation, and these EVs contribute to the hemostatic effect of FVIIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Das
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX
| | - Shiva Keshava
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX
| | - Shabbir A Ansari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX
| | - Vijay Kondreddy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX
| | - Charles T Esmon
- Coagulation Biology Laboratory, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK; and
| | - John H Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Usha R Pendurthi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX
| | - L Vijaya Mohan Rao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX
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Kesidou D, da Costa Martins PA, de Windt LJ, Brittan M, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs in the Promotion of Cardiac Neovascularisation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:579892. [PMID: 33101061 PMCID: PMC7546892 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.579892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide claiming almost 17. 9 million deaths annually. A primary cause is atherosclerosis within the coronary arteries, which restricts blood flow to the heart muscle resulting in myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac cell death. Despite substantial progress in the management of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is still a significant number of patients developing chronic heart failure post-MI. Recent research has been focused on promoting neovascularisation post-MI with the ultimate goal being to reduce the extent of injury and improve function in the failing myocardium. Cardiac cell transplantation studies in pre-clinical models have shown improvement in cardiac function; nonetheless, poor retention of the cells has indicated a paracrine mechanism for the observed improvement. Cell communication in a paracrine manner is controlled by various mechanisms, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs have emerged as novel regulators of intercellular communication, by transferring molecules able to influence molecular pathways in the recipient cell. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of EVs to stimulate angiogenesis by transferring microRNA (miRNA, miR) molecules to endothelial cells (ECs). In this review, we describe the process of neovascularisation and current developments in modulating neovascularisation in the heart using miRNAs and EV-bound miRNAs. Furthermore, we critically evaluate methods used in cell culture, EV isolation and administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Kesidou
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paula A. da Costa Martins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Leon J. de Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Howard Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Javed Z, Papageorgiou M, Madden LA, Rigby AS, Kilpatrick ES, Atkin SL, Sathyapalan T. The effects of empagliflozin vs metformin on endothelial microparticles in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:563-569. [PMID: 32449697 PMCID: PMC7354739 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are novel, surrogate biomarkers of endothelial function and have been shown to be elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It remains poorly understood how pharmacological options for managing PCOS affect EMP levels. OBJECTIVE To characterise and compare the effects of empagliflozin vs metformin on the circulating levels of EMPs in overweight/obese women with PCOS. METHODS This was a randomised, comparative, 12-week single-centre trial conducted at the Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Hull, UK. This analysis includes data from 39 overweight/obese women with PCOS who completed the study and were randomised to empagliflozin (15 mg/day) (n = 19) or metformin (1500 mg/day) (n = 20). Blood samples were collected at baseline and 12 weeks after treatment and analysed for specific surface proteins (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, E-selectin and endoglin) expressed by circulating EMPs using flow cytometry. RESULTS In the empagliflozin group, ICAM-1 (P = 0.006), E-selectin (P = 0.016) and VCAM-1 (P = 0.001) EMPs increased significantly following 12 weeks of treatment, but no changes were seen in PECAM-1 (P = 0.93) or endoglin (P = 0.13) EMPs. In the metformin group, VCAM-1 EMPs (P < 0.001) increased significantly after 12 weeks of treatment, whereas all other EMPs remained unchanged. When data were expressed as percentage change from baseline in each group, no significant differences were seen between groups for any biomarker (P-values from 0.22 to 0.80). CONCLUSIONS Short-term administration of empagliflozin and metformin in overweight/obese women with PCOS appear to increase EMPs expressed by endothelial cells during their activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Knowledge City, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maria Papageorgiou
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Alan S Rigby
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Eric S Kilpatrick
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to T Sathyapalan:
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5
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Pollution, Particles, and Dementia: A Hypothetical Causative Pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030862. [PMID: 32019078 PMCID: PMC7038194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies of air pollution have shown associations between exposure to particles and dementia. The mechanism of this is unclear. As these seem unlikely in terms of the very small dose likely to reach the brain in usual Western urban circumstances, we extend our 1995 hypothetical explanation of the association of air pollution with cardiac deaths as a plausible alternative explanation of its associations with dementia. Since our original proposal, it has become apparent that inflammation may be carried by blood from organ to organ by biologic microparticles derived from cell membranes. These transmit inflammatory messages to endothelial cells throughout the body as part of a general defensive response to assumed bacterial infection; particulate air pollution has recently been shown to be associated with their release into the blood. We propose that episodic release of biologic microparticles from pollution-induced lung inflammation causes secondary inflammation in the blood-brain barrier and cerebral microbleeds, culminating over time in cognitive impairment. Ultimately, by incomplete repair and accumulation of amyloid, this increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Importantly, this mechanism may also explain the relationships of other inflammatory conditions and environmental factors with cognitive decline, and point to new opportunities to understand and prevent dementia.
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6
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Oggero S, Austin-Williams S, Norling LV. The Contrasting Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Vascular Inflammation and Tissue Repair. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1479. [PMID: 31920664 PMCID: PMC6928593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous family of vesicles, generated from different subcellular compartments and released into the extracellular space. Composed of a lipid bilayer encompassing both soluble cytosolic material and nuclear components, these organelles have been recently described as novel regulators of intercellular communication between adjacent and remote cells. Due to their diversified composition and biological content, they portray specific signatures of cellular activation and pathological processes, their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers has raised significant interest in cardiovascular diseases. Circulating vesicles, especially those released from platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells are found to play a critical role in activating several fundamental cells within the vasculature, including endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Their intrinsic activity and immunomodulatory properties lends them to not only promote vascular inflammation, but also enhance tissue regeneration, vascular repair, and indeed resolution. In this review we aim to recapitulate the recent findings concerning the roles played by EVs that originate from different circulating cells, with particular reference to their action on the endothelium. We focus herein, on the interaction of platelet and leukocyte EVs with the endothelium. In addition, their potential biological function in promoting tissue resolution and vascular repair will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Oggero
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shani Austin-Williams
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Victoria Norling
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Sierko E, Sobierska M, Zabrocka E, Myśliwiec M, Kruszewska J, Lipska A, Radziwon P, Wojtukiewicz MZ. Endothelial Microparticles and Blood Coagulation Activation in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy or Radiochemotherapy. In Vivo 2019; 33:627-632. [PMID: 30804151 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Endothelial microparticles (EMP) are small vesicles which are released from the endothelium and contribute to blood coagulation activation in various clinical settings. The aim of this study was to examine whether EMP influence blood coagulation activation in cancer patients during radiotherapy/radiochemotherapy (RT/RCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen head and neck cancer (HNC) patients undergoing RT/RCT and 10 controls were examined. EMP and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) were measured by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Tissue factor-positive EMP (TF+EMP) were defined as CD31+/CD142+/CD42b- Results: TF+EMP were significantly elevated in HNC patients before RT/RCT (T0) (1299±1154/μl), one day after RT/RCT (T1d) (1257±603/μl) and 3 months after RT/RCT (T3m) (1289±372/μl) compared to controls (688±647/μl). TF+EMP levels at T0/T1d and T0, as well as at T1d and T3m were not significantly different. TAT levels at T0 and T1d did not differ significantly but at T3m were significantly lower compared to T0 and T1d TF+EMP and TAT concentrations were not significantly correlated at T0 (r=0.058; p=0.828), T1d (r=0.373, p=0.154) and T3m (r=-0.302, p=0.204). CONCLUSION TF+EMP may not contribute to hemostatic abnormalities in HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sierko
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland .,Department of Radiotherapy, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Sobierska
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.,Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Zabrocka
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, U.S.A
| | - Marta Myśliwiec
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Kruszewska
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Alina Lipska
- Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Radziwon
- Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Bialystok, Poland
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Gogiraju R, Bochenek ML, Schäfer K. Angiogenic Endothelial Cell Signaling in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:20. [PMID: 30895179 PMCID: PMC6415587 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells are, by number, one of the most abundant cell types in the heart and active players in cardiac physiology and pathology. Coronary angiogenesis plays a vital role in maintaining cardiac vascularization and perfusion during physiological and pathological hypertrophy. On the other hand, a reduction in cardiac capillary density with subsequent tissue hypoxia, cell death and interstitial fibrosis contributes to the development of contractile dysfunction and heart failure, as suggested by clinical as well as experimental evidence. Although the molecular causes underlying the inadequate (with respect to the increased oxygen and energy demands of the hypertrophied cardiomyocyte) cardiac vascularization developing during pathological hypertrophy are incompletely understood. Research efforts over the past years have discovered interesting mediators and potential candidates involved in this process. In this review article, we will focus on the vascular changes occurring during cardiac hypertrophy and the transition toward heart failure both in human disease and preclinical models. We will summarize recent findings in transgenic mice and experimental models of cardiac hypertrophy on factors expressed and released from cardiomyocytes, pericytes and inflammatory cells involved in the paracrine (dys)regulation of cardiac angiogenesis. Moreover, we will discuss major signaling events of critical angiogenic ligands in endothelial cells and their possible disturbance by hypoxia or oxidative stress. In this regard, we will particularly highlight findings on negative regulators of angiogenesis, including protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B and tumor suppressor p53, and how they link signaling involved in cell growth and metabolic control to cardiac angiogenesis. Besides endothelial cell death, phenotypic conversion and acquisition of myofibroblast-like characteristics may also contribute to the development of cardiac fibrosis, the structural correlate of cardiac dysfunction. Factors secreted by (dysfunctional) endothelial cells and their effects on cardiomyocytes including hypertrophy, contractility and fibrosis, close the vicious circle of reciprocal cell-cell interactions within the heart during pathological hypertrophy remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinikanth Gogiraju
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, Translational Vascular Biology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Translational Vascular Biology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V., Partner Site RheinMain (Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - Magdalena L Bochenek
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Translational Vascular Biology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V., Partner Site RheinMain (Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, Translational Vascular Biology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Translational Vascular Biology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V., Partner Site RheinMain (Mainz), Mainz, Germany
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Meng LB, Shan MJ, Yu ZM, Lv J, Qi RM, Guo P, Zhang YM, Gong T. Chronic stress: a crucial promoter of cell apoptosis in atherosclerosis. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060518814606. [PMID: 30700193 PMCID: PMC7140195 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518814606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Chronic stress may lead to augmented incidence rates of coronary and
cerebrovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis. However, few
studies have focused on the effect of chronic stress on atherosclerosis
plaque formation. Therefore, this study was designed to directly evaluate
how chronic stress affects atherosclerosis. Methods Thirty rabbits were divided into three groups: the control group,
balloon-injury operation + high-fat diet model group, and chronic
stress + balloon-injury operation + high-fat diet model group. Physical and
social stress were induced, and proteomic methods were applied to identify
specific markers. Results After protein determination, the chronic stress + balloon-injury
operation + high-fat diet model group exhibited significant upregulation of
the following apoptosis-related proteins: UBE2K, caspase 3, caspase 9, BAX,
P53, and FAS. In particular, real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that
the protein expression of caspase 9 was significantly downregulated in the
stress group compared with the non-stress groups. However, the other
proteins showed significantly increased expression in the stress group. Conclusion Chronic stress may promote cell apoptosis in the physiopathologic process of
atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Bing Meng
- Neurology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Dong Dan, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Jie Shan
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Mou Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Lv
- Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Ruo-Mei Qi
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Dong Dan, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Meng Zhang
- Internal Medicine Department, Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Neurology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Dong Dan, Beijing, China
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10
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Fisher MH, Di Paola J. Genomics and transcriptomics of megakaryocytes and platelets: Implications for health and disease. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:630-639. [PMID: 30349880 PMCID: PMC6178711 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of megakaryocyte and platelet biology has been transformed with the implementation of high throughput sequencing. The use of modern sequencing technologies has led to the discovery of causative mutations in congenital platelet disorders and has been a useful tool in uncovering many other mechanisms of altered platelet formation and function. Although the understanding of the presence of RNA in platelets is relatively novel, mRNA and miRNA expression profiles are being shown to play an increasingly important role in megakaryopoiesis and platelet function in normal physiology as well as in disease states. Understanding the genetic perturbations underlying platelet dysfunction provides insight into normal megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis, as well as guiding the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlie H. Fisher
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColorado
- Medical Scientist Training ProgramUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColorado
| | - Jorge Di Paola
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColorado
- Medical Scientist Training ProgramUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColorado
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11
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Levin C, Koren A, Rebibo-Sabbah A, Koifman N, Brenner B, Aharon A. Extracellular Vesicle Characteristics in β-thalassemia as Potential Biomarkers for Spleen Functional Status and Ineffective Erythropoiesis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1214. [PMID: 30214417 PMCID: PMC6125348 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemia major (β-TM) is a therapeutically challenging chronic disease in which ineffective erythropoiesis is a main pathophysiological factor. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed vesicles released by cells into biological fluids; they are involved in intercellular communication and in multiple physiological and pathological processes. The chaperone heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70), which is released from cells via EVs, aggravates ineffective erythropoiesis in β-TM. We propose that β-TM EVs may show specific signatures, reflecting disease mechanisms, stages and severity. Our study aims were to define EV profiles in β-TM patients, investigate the influence of hypersplenism and splenectomy on EV features, and explore the association of circulating EVs with ineffective erythropoiesis and iron-overload parameters. We characterized circulating EVs in 35 transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia patients and 35 controls using several techniques. Nanoparticle-tracking analysis revealed increased EV concentration in patients vs. controls (P = 0.0036), with smaller EV counts and sizes in patients with hypersplenism. Flow cytometry analysis showed lower levels of RBC and monocyte EVs in patients vs. controls. RBC-EV levels correlated with patient hematocrit, reflecting degree of anemia. The procoagulant potential of the EVs evaluated by flow cytometry revealed lower levels of endothelial protein C receptor-labeled EVs in patients vs. controls, and increased tissue factor-to-tissue factor pathway inhibitor-labeled EV ratio in splenectomized patients, suggesting a hypercoagulable state. Protein content, evaluated in EV pellets, showed increased levels of HSP70 in patients (P = 0.0018), inversely correlated with transfusion requirement and hemoglobin levels, and positively correlated with reticulocyte, erythropoietin and lactate dehydrogenase levels. This first description of EVs in patients with hypersplenism reveals the spleen’s importance in EV physiology and clearance. Circulating EV-HSP70 levels were associated with markers of ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis and hematological disease severity. EV analysis in β-TM—reflecting spleen status, hypercoagulability state and ineffective erythropoiesis—may serve as a biomarker of disease dynamics, supporting both anticipation of the risk of complications and optimizing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Levin
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ariel Koren
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Annie Rebibo-Sabbah
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Naama Koifman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Benjamin Brenner
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anat Aharon
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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12
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Dewitte A, Lepreux S, Villeneuve J, Rigothier C, Combe C, Ouattara A, Ripoche J. Blood platelets and sepsis pathophysiology: A new therapeutic prospect in critically [corrected] ill patients? Ann Intensive Care 2017; 7:115. [PMID: 29192366 PMCID: PMC5709271 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-017-0337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond haemostasis, platelets have emerged as versatile effectors of the immune response. The contribution of platelets in inflammation, tissue integrity and defence against infections has considerably widened the spectrum of their role in health and disease. Here, we propose a narrative review that first describes these new platelet attributes. We then examine their relevance to microcirculatory alterations in multi-organ dysfunction, a major sepsis complication. Rapid progresses that are made on the knowledge of novel platelet functions should improve the understanding of thrombocytopenia, a common condition and a predictor of adverse outcome in sepsis, and may provide potential avenues for management and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Dewitte
- INSERM U1026, BioTis, Univ. Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France. .,Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care II, Magellan Medico-Surgical Center, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Sébastien Lepreux
- INSERM U1026, BioTis, Univ. Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Villeneuve
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claire Rigothier
- INSERM U1026, BioTis, Univ. Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Haemodialysis, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christian Combe
- INSERM U1026, BioTis, Univ. Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Haemodialysis, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandre Ouattara
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care II, Magellan Medico-Surgical Center, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Univ. Bordeaux, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Jean Ripoche
- INSERM U1026, BioTis, Univ. Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
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13
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Kreutter G, Kassem M, El Habhab A, Baltzinger P, Abbas M, Boisrame‐Helms J, Amoura L, Peluso J, Yver B, Fatiha Z, Ubeaud‐Sequier G, Kessler L, Toti F. Endothelial microparticles released by activated protein C protect beta cells through EPCR/PAR1 and annexin A1/FPR2 pathways in islets. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2759-2772. [PMID: 28524456 PMCID: PMC5661261 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is associated with early ischaemia/reperfusion, localized coagulation and redox-sensitive endothelial dysfunction. In animal models, islet cytoprotection by activated protein C (aPC) restores islet vascularization and protects graft function, suggesting that aPC triggers various lineages. aPC also prompts the release of endothelial MP that bear EPCR, its specific receptor. Microparticles (MP) are plasma membrane procoagulant vesicles, surrogate markers of stress and cellular effectors. We measured the cytoprotective effects of aPC on endothelial and insulin-secreting Rin-m5f β-cells and its role in autocrine and paracrine MP-mediated cell crosstalk under conditions of oxidative stress. MP from aPC-treated primary endothelial (EC) or β-cells were applied to H2 O2 -treated Rin-m5f. aPC activity was measured by enzymatic assay and ROS species by dihydroethidium. The capture of PKH26-stained MP and the expression of EPCR were probed by fluorescence microscopy and apoptosis by flow cytometry. aPC treatment enhanced both annexin A1 (ANXA1) and PAR-1 expression in EC and to a lesser extent in β-cells. MP from aPC-treated EC (eMaPC ) exhibited high EPCR and annexin A1 content, protected β-cells, restored insulin secretion and were captured by 80% of β cells in a phosphatidylserine and ANXA1-dependent mechanism. eMP activated EPCR/PAR-1 and ANXA1/FPR2-dependent pathways and up-regulated the expression of EPCR, and of FPR2/ALX, the ANXA1 receptor. Cytoprotection was confirmed in H2 O2 -treated rat islets with increased viability (62% versus 48% H2 O2 ), reduced apoptosis and preserved insulin secretion in response to glucose elevation (16 versus 5 ng/ml insulin per 10 islets). MP may prove a promising therapeutic tool in the protection of transplanted islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Kreutter
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Mohamad Kassem
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
- UMR7213 CNRSLaboratory of Biophotonics and PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Ali El Habhab
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
- UMR7213 CNRSLaboratory of Biophotonics and PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Philippe Baltzinger
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
- Department of DiabetologyUniversity HospitalCHU de Strasbourg1 place de l'HôpitalStrasbourg CedexFrance
| | - Malak Abbas
- UMR7213 CNRSLaboratory of Biophotonics and PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Julie Boisrame‐Helms
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
- Department of Anesthesia‐ReanimationUniversity Hospital, CHU de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'HôpitalStrasbourg CedexFrance
| | - Lamia Amoura
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
- UMR7213 CNRSLaboratory of Biophotonics and PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Jean Peluso
- UPS1401‐ Plateforme eBiocyteFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Blandine Yver
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Zobairi Fatiha
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Geneviève Ubeaud‐Sequier
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
- Department of Pharmacy‐sterilizationUniversity HospitalCHU de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- UPS1401‐ Plateforme eBiocyteFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
| | - Laurence Kessler
- EA7293Vascular and Tissular Stress in TransplantationFederation of Translational Medicine of StrasbourgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
- Department of DiabetologyUniversity HospitalCHU de Strasbourg1 place de l'HôpitalStrasbourg CedexFrance
| | - Florence Toti
- UMR7213 CNRSLaboratory of Biophotonics and PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of StrasbourgIllkirchFrance
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Abstract
During the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes, have emerged as important players in cell-to-cell communication in normal physiology and pathological conditions. EVs encapsulate and convey various bioactive molecules that are further transmitted to neighboring or more distant cells, where they induce various signaling cascades. The message delivered to the target cells is dependent on EV composition, which, in turn, is determined by the cell of origin and the surrounding microenvironment during EV biogenesis. Among their multifaceted role in the modulation of biological responses, the involvement of EVs in vascular development, growth, and maturation has been widely documented and their potential therapeutic application in regenerative medicine or angiogenesis-related diseases is drawing increasing interest. EVs derived from various cell types have the potential to deliver complex information to endothelial cells and to induce either pro- or antiangiogenic signaling. As dynamic systems, in response to changes in the microenvironment, EVs adapt their cargo composition to fine-tune the process of blood vessel formation. This article reviews the current knowledge on the role of microvesicles and exosomes from various cellular origins in angiogenesis, with a particular emphasis on the underlying mechanisms, and discusses the main challenges and prerequisites for their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilyana Todorova
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
| | - Stéphanie Simoncini
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
| | - Florence Sabatier
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.).
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
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15
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Abstract
Membrane vesicles released in the extracellular space are composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing soluble cytosolic material and nuclear components. Extracellular vesicles include apoptotic bodies, exosomes, and microvesicles (also known previously as microparticles). Originating from different subcellular compartments, the role of extracellular vesicles as regulators of transfer of biological information, acting locally and remotely, is now acknowledged. Circulating vesicles released from platelets, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and endothelial cells contain potential valuable biological information for biomarker discovery in primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. Extracellular vesicles also accumulate in human atherosclerotic plaques, where they affect major biological pathways, including inflammation, proliferation, thrombosis, calcification, and vasoactive responses. Extracellular vesicles also recapitulate the beneficial effect of stem cells to treat cardiac consequences of acute myocardial infarction, and now emerge as an attractive alternative to cell therapy, opening new avenues to vectorize biological information to target tissues. Although interest in microvesicles in the cardiovascular field emerged about 2 decades ago, that for extracellular vesicles, in particular exosomes, started to unfold a decade ago, opening new research and therapeutic avenues. This Review summarizes current knowledge on the role of extracellular vesicles in coronary artery disease, and their emerging potential as biomarkers and therapeutic agents.
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16
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Lacedonia D, Carpagnano GE, Trotta T, Palladino GP, Panaro MA, Zoppo LD, Foschino Barbaro MP, Porro C. Microparticles in sputum of COPD patients: a potential biomarker of the disease? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:527-33. [PMID: 27042041 PMCID: PMC4798204 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s99547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane vesicles of 0.1–1 µm which are released by cells following chemical, physical, and apoptotic stimuli. MPs represent more than a miniature version of the cell. Their composition and function depend not only on cellular origin, but also on stimuli. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by nearly irreversible lung destruction which results in airway limitation. Purpose We investigated the presence and source of MPs in sputum of COPD patients to evaluate if changes in MP number and origin may reflect the pathophysiological conditions of disease and may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic use. Methods Induced sputum samples were collected from 18 male subjects and liquefied with Sputasol. MPs obtained were immunolabeled for leukocyte (CD11a), granulocyte (CD66b), monocyte-macrophage (CD11b), platelets and megakaryocytic cells (CD41), endothelial cells (CD31), and red blood cells (CD235ab) and analyzed by cytofluorimetry. Results There was a negative correlation between CD31-MPs and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (R=−53, P<0.05) and CD66b-MP level was correlated with worse performance index of COPD such as the Body mass index airflow Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise capacity (BODE); they were negatively correlated with 6-minute walking test: 0.65 and −0.64, respectively (P<0.05). CD235ab-MPs showed a negative correlation with body mass index (R=−0.86, P<0.05), while there was a positive correlation with dyspnea index (R=0.91, P<0.05). Conclusion The main finding of this study was that MPs were detected in the sputum of patients affected by COPD. The phenotype of some of them was related to the main COPD parameters. These results suggest that MPs could be implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Lacedonia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Trotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Grazia Pia Palladino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Liugi Davide Zoppo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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17
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Durrer C, Robinson E, Wan Z, Martinez N, Hummel ML, Jenkins NT, Kilpatrick MW, Little JP. Differential impact of acute high-intensity exercise on circulating endothelial microparticles and insulin resistance between overweight/obese males and females. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115860. [PMID: 25710559 PMCID: PMC4339732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An acute bout of exercise can improve endothelial function and insulin sensitivity when measured on the day following exercise. Our aim was to compare acute high-intensity continuous exercise (HICE) to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese men and women. Methods Inactive males (BMI = 30 ± 3, 25 ± 6 yr, n = 6) and females (BMI = 28 ± 2, 21 ± 3 yr, n = 7) participated in three experimental trials in a randomized counterbalanced crossover design: 1) No exercise control (Control); 2) HICE (20 min cycling @ just above ventilatory threshold); 3) HIIE (10 X 1-min @ ∼90% peak aerobic power). Exercise conditions were matched for external work and diet was controlled post-exercise. Fasting blood samples were obtained ∼18 hr after each condition. CD62E+ and CD31+/CD42b- EMPs were assessed by flow cytometry and insulin resistance (IR) was estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results There was a significant sex X exercise interaction for CD62E+ EMPs, CD31+/CD42b- EMPs, and HOMA-IR (all P<0.05). In males, both HICE and HIIE reduced EMPs compared to Control (P≤0.05). In females, HICE increased CD62E+ EMPs (P<0.05 vs. Control) whereas CD31+/CD42b- EMPs were unaltered by either exercise type. There was a significant increase in HOMA-IR in males but a decrease in females following HIIE compared to Control (P<0.05). Conclusions Overweight/obese males and females appear to respond differently to acute bouts of high-intensity exercise. A single session of HICE and HIIE reduced circulating EMPs measured on the morning following exercise in males but in females CD62E+ EMPs were increased following HICE. Next day HOMA-IR paradoxically increased in males but was reduced in females following HIIE. Future research is needed to investigate mechanisms responsible for potential differential responses between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Durrer
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emily Robinson
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nic Martinez
- College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michelle L. Hummel
- College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nathan T. Jenkins
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Marcus W. Kilpatrick
- College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P. Little
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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18
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Del Turco S, Basta G, Mazzarisi A, Battaglia D, Navarra T, Coceani M, Bianchi M, Schlueter M, Marraccini P. Procoagulant activity of circulating microparticles is associated with the presence of moderate calcified plaque burden detected by multislice computed tomography. JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY : JGC 2014; 11:13-9. [PMID: 24748876 PMCID: PMC3981978 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-5411.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating microparticles (MPs) have been reported to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we explored the relationship between MPs procoagulant activity and characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque detected by 64-slice computed tomography angiography (CTA). METHODS In 127 consecutive patients with CAD but without acute coronary syndrome and who underwent 64-slice CTA, MPs procoagulant activity in plasma (by a thrombin generation test), soluble form of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) and N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) circulating levels (by ELISA) were measured. A quantitative volumetric analysis of the lumen and plaque burden of the vessel wall (soft and calcific components), for the three major coronary vessels, was performed. The patients were classified in three groups according to the presence of calcium volume: non-calcified plaque (NCP) group (calcium volume (%) = 0), moderate calcified plaque (MCP) group (0 < calcium volume (%) < 1), and calcified plaque (CP) group (calcium volume (%) ≥ 1). RESULTS MPs procoagulant activity and CML levels were higher in MCP group than in CP or NCP group (P = 0.009 and P = 0.027, respectively). MPs procoagulant activity was positively associated with CML (r = 0.317, P < 0.0001) and sLOX-1 levels (r = 0.216, P = 0.0025). CONCLUSIONS MPs procoagulant activity was higher in the MCP patient group and correlated positively with sLOX-1 and CML levels, suggesting that it may characterize a state of blood vulnerability that may locally precipitate plaque instability and increase the risk of subsequent major cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Del Turco
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Basta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mazzarisi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Debora Battaglia
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Teresa Navarra
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Coceani
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Mathis Schlueter
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Marraccini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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19
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that cell injury in lung tissues is closely connected to disease progression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Microparticles (MPs) are shed membrane vesicles that are released from platelets, leukocytes, red blood cells, and endothelial cells when these cells are activated or undergo apoptosis under inflammatory conditions. Based on increasing evidence that endothelial injury in the pulmonary capillary vasculature leads to lung destruction, and because cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death among individuals with COPD, endothelial MPs (EMPs) are now receiving attention as potential biomarkers for COPD. There are eight types of EMPs which are defined by the presence of different endothelial markers on the cell membrane: vascular endothelial-cadherin; platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; melanoma cell adhesion molecule; E-selectin; CD51; CD105; von Willebrand factor; and CD143 EMPs. Vascular endothelial-cadherin, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, and E-selectin EMPs are increased in patients with stable COPD and are further increased in patients with exacerbated COPD compared to non-COPD patients. In addition, the levels of these three EMPs in patients with stable COPD are significantly correlated with lung destruction and airflow limitation. These results indicate that endothelial injury is closely connected to the pathophysiology of COPD. Interestingly, the variations in the levels of the eight EMP subtypes were not identical with changes in patient condition. Although the clinical significance of the differences in these eight EMP subtypes remains unclear, evaluating the expression pattern of endothelial antigens on circulating MPs might predict the presence and degree of endothelial injury in COPD patients. In addition, circulating MPs are proposed to have several physiological functions in vivo, such as intercellular crosstalk; the increase in EMPs in COPD seems to play a role in the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Takahashi
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Cellular and molecular lung biology research units, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kubo
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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20
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Wen B, Combes V, Bonhoure A, Weksler BB, Couraud PO, Grau GER. Endotoxin-induced monocytic microparticles have contrasting effects on endothelial inflammatory responses. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91597. [PMID: 24646764 PMCID: PMC3960107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic shock is a severe disease state characterised by the body's life threatening response to infection. Complex interactions between endothelial cells and circulating monocytes are responsible for microvasculature dysfunction contributing to the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Here, we intended to determine whether microparticles derived from activated monocytes contribute towards inflammatory processes and notably vascular permeability. We found that endotoxin stimulation of human monocytes enhances the release of microparticles of varying phenotypes and mRNA contents. Elevated numbers of LPS-induced monocytic microparticles (mMP) expressed CD54 and contained higher levels of transcripts for pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IL-6 and IL-8. Using a prothrombin time assay, a greater reduction in plasma coagulation time was observed with LPS-induced mMP than with non-stimulated mMP. Co-incubation of mMP with the human brain endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3 triggered their time-dependent uptake and significantly enhanced endothelial microparticle release. Unexpectedly, mMP also modified signalling pathways by diminishing pSrc (tyr416) expression and promoted endothelial monolayer tightness, as demonstrated by endothelial impedance and permeability assays. Altogether, these data strongly suggest that LPS-induced mMP have contrasting effects on the intercellular communication network and display a dual potential: enhanced pro-inflammatory and procoagulant properties, together with protective function of the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beryl Wen
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Sydney Medical School & Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Valery Combes
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Sydney Medical School & Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Amandine Bonhoure
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Sydney Medical School & Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Babette B Weksler
- Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Pierre-Olivier Couraud
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Sydney Medical School & Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Camaioni C, Gustapane M, Cialdella P, Della Bona R, Biasucci LM. Microparticles and microRNAs: new players in the complex field of coagulation. Intern Emerg Med 2013; 8:291-6. [PMID: 22033788 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-011-0705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex process that begins with endothelial dysfunction, and continues with several inflammatory processes leading, eventually, to plaque rupture and formation of arterial thrombus. Increased platelet reactivity and classical coagulation pathways are not the only players of the whole thrombotic process: microparticles (MPs), irregularly shaped small vesicles released from the plasma membrane after cell activation, apoptosis, or exposure to shear stress have been demonstrated to be involved in such a process. MicroRNAs (MiRs), small-non-coding single-strand RNAs acting as post-transcriptional modulator of target gene expression are expressed in the large majority of eukaryotes. MiRs are implicated in several phenomena: control of metabolism, control of cell-differentiation, control of cell-proliferation and control of cell-apoptosis, therefore contributing to physiologic and pathogenic processes in hematologic, genetic, infective and cardiac diseases. Microparticles operate as a delivery system of MiRs, playing an active and important role in processes such as coagulation and thrombosis. These novel findings also suggest MPs and, in particular MIRs, as possible and promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Camaioni
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Gemelli, 800168, Rome, Italy
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22
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Vion AC, Birukova AA, Boulanger CM, Birukov KG. Mechanical forces stimulate endothelial microparticle generation via caspase-dependent apoptosis-independent mechanism. Pulm Circ 2013; 3:95-9. [PMID: 23662180 PMCID: PMC3641746 DOI: 10.4103/2045-8932.109921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microparticle release by vascular endothelium has been implicated in various cardiovascular pathologies. Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is a life-threatening complication of mechanical ventilation at high tidal volumes associated with excessive mechanical stretch of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. However, a role of VILI-relevant levels of cyclic stretch in microparticle generation by vascular endothelium remains unknown. We report microparticle formation by human pulmonary endothelial cells exposed to pathologic, but not physiologic, levels of mechanical stress. Stretch-induced microparticle generation was not affected by cell co-treatment with inflammatory agents thrombin or bacterial wall lipopolysacharide. Neither the basal nor the pathologic cyclic stretch-induced microparticle production was affected by Rho kinase and calpain inhibitors, but were instead abolished by caspase inhibitor. In contrast to lipopolysacharide, pathologic mechanical strain did not significantly induce apoptosis in pulmonary endothelial cells. These results show for the first time that mechanical strain of pulmonary endothelial cells at levels relevant to high tidal volume mechanical ventilation is a potent activator of microparticle formation, which requires caspase activity; however, this mechanism is independent of apoptosis. These results suggest a novel mechanism that may contribute to VILI-associated vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Clémence Vion
- Department of Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris Descartes University, Paris Sorbonne City, Paris, France
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23
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Ostrowski SR, Berg RMG, Windeløv NA, Meyer MAS, Plovsing RR, Møller K, Johansson PI. Discrepant fibrinolytic response in plasma and whole blood during experimental endotoxemia in healthy volunteers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59368. [PMID: 23555024 PMCID: PMC3598702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis induces early activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis followed by late fibrinolytic shutdown and progressive endothelial damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the functional hemostatic response in whole blood and plasma during experimental human endotoxemia by the platelet function analyzer, Multiplate and by standard and modified thrombelastography (TEG). Methods Prospective physiologic study of nine healthy male volunteers undergoing endotoxemia by means of a 4-hour infusion of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.5 ng/kg/hour), with blood sampled at baseline and at 4 h and 6 h. Physiological and standard biochemical data and coagulation tests, TEG (whole blood: TEG, heparinase-TEG, Functional Fibrinogen; plasma: TEG±tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)) and Multiplate (TRAPtest, ADPtest, ASPItest, COLtest) were recorded. Mixed models with Tukey post hoc tests and correlations were applied. Results Endotoxemia induced acute SIRS with increased HR, temperature, WBC, CRP and procalcitonin and decreased blood pressure. It also induced a hemostatic response with platelet consumption and reduced APTT while INR increased (all p<0.05). Platelet aggregation decreased (all tests, p<0.05), whereas TEG whole blood clot firmness increased (G, p = 0.05). Furthermore, during endotoxemia (4 h), whole blood fibrinolysis increased (clot lysis time (CLT), p<0.001) and Functional Fibrinogen clot strength decreased (p = 0.049). After endotoxemia (6 h), whole blood fibrinolysis was reduced (CLT, p<0.05). In contrast to findings in whole blood, the plasma fibrin clot became progressively more resistant towards tPA-induced fibrinolysis at both 4 h and 6 h (p<0.001). Conclusions Endotoxemia induced a hemostatic response with reduced primary but enhanced secondary hemostasis, enhanced early fibrinolysis and fibrinogen consumption followed by downregulation of fibrinolysis, with a discrepant fibrinolytic response in plasma and whole blood. The finding that blood cells are critically involved in the vasculo-fibrinolytic response to acute inflammation is important given that disturbances in the vascular system contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisse R Ostrowski
- Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capital Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Owen BAL, Xue A, Heit JA, Owen WG. Procoagulant activity, but not number, of microparticles increases with age and in individuals after a single venous thromboembolism. Thromb Res 2010; 127:39-46. [PMID: 21106230 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT), a plate-based assay that measures thrombin generation and inhibition in plasma samples, is modified to measure the procoagulant activity of phospholipid associated with plasma microparticles (MP). The assay uses a tissue factor trigger without addition of 4 μM exogenous phospholipid (PL) used in the standard CAT. Calibrated with 4:1 posphatidylcholine- phosphatidylserine (PCPS) liposomes, the assay defines a median of 40 nM procoagulant phospholipid (PPL) equivalents in plasma containing MPs from 50 normal donors, with a range from 20 - 200 nM. Like the standard CAT, the modified assay detected no difference in plasma from 36 individuals with a history of a single episode of venous thromboembolism. However the male cases had double the PPL activity, as measured by rate of thrombin generation, of females; and there was a significant correlation among cases of increased thrombin generation with age. In contrast, there were no gender disparities or age correlations among control plasmas. The findings suggest that procoagulant activity of plasma microparticles, facilitated by a simplified, one-stage plate-based assay, offer a promising avenue of investigation of mechanisms and management of venous thromboembolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A L Owen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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