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Chen F, Xue Q, He N, Zhang X, Li S, Zhao C. The association and application of sonodynamic therapy and autophagy in diseases. Life Sci 2023; 334:122215. [PMID: 37907152 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a new non-invasive treatment method proposed based on photodynamic therapy (PDT). It has advantages such as high precision, strong tissue penetration, minimal side effects, and good patient compliance. With the maturation of nanomedicine, the application of nanosonosensitizers has further propelled the development of SDT. In recent years, people have developed many new types of sonosensitizers and explored the mechanisms of SDT. Among them, the studies about the relationship between autophagy and SDT have attracted increasing attention. After the SDT, cells usually undergo autophagy as a self-protective mechanism to resist external stimuli and reduce cell damage, which is beneficial for the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS), diabetes, and myocardial infarction but counterproductive in cancer treatment. However, under certain treatment conditions, excessive upregulation of autophagy can also promote cell death, which is beneficial for cancer treatment. This article reviews the latest research progress on the relationship between SDT and autophagy in cancers, AS, diabetes, and myocardial infarction. We also discuss and propose the challenges and prospects in enhancing SDT efficacy by regulating autophagy, with the hope of promoting the development of this promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qingwen Xue
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ningning He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shangyong Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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2
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Li Y, Song Z, Sun X, Tang J, Zhou X. Changes in inflammatory responses and autophagy during apheresis platelet preservation and their correlation with platelet transfusion refractoriness in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2023; 23:956-967. [PMID: 37401750 PMCID: PMC10655888 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common hematopoietic malignancy, and platelet transfusion plays a crucial role in its treatment. This study aimed to investigate the changes in inflammatory response and autophagy during the preservation of apheresis platelets (AP) and their correlation with platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) in ALL. ALL patients were included, and APs were categorized based on the preservation period (day 0, day 1, days 2-3, and days 4-5). The activation factors procaspase-activating compound 1 (PAC-1) and P-selectin (CD62P), AP aggregation function, inflammation levels (interleukin 1 beta [IL-1β], interleukin 6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α] and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 [NLRP3]), and autophagy-related genes (p62) during AP preservation were assessed. Following co-culturing APs with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), specific activation markers were studied to observe APs influence on immune cells activation. The effectiveness of platelet transfusion was assessed, and risk factors for PTR were analyzed. As the storage duration of AP increased, the activation factors, coagulation factor activity, inflammation levels, and the activation of immune cells in AP increased, while fibrinogen levels and AP aggregation function decreased. The expression levels of autophagy-related genes (the autophagy marker light chain 3B gene [LC3B] and Beclin 1 gene) decreased with prolongation preservation. The effective rate of AP transfusion in ALL patients was 68.21%. AP preservation time, IL-6, p62, and Beclin 1 were identified as independent risk factors affecting PTR in ALL patients. In conclusion, during AP preservation, inflammation, autophagy, and activation of immune cells were observed to increase. AP preservation time, IL-6, p62, and Beclin 1 were independent risk factors for PTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Blood Transfusion Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqun Song
- Blood Transfusion Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Blood Transfusion Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juanjuan Tang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Blood Transfusion Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Hong H, Luo B, Xie Z, Li M, Xu Q, He Z, Peng Z. Retracted: Britannin mediates apoptosis and glycolysis of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma cells by AMPK-dependent autophagy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23211. [PMID: 36120848 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The above article, published online on 19 September 2022 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jbt.23211), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Hari Bhat, and Wiley Periodicals, LLC. The article is being retracted at the authors' request because some of the data underlying this article refer to a different cell line from the one reported in it. As a result, the article's conclusions do not accurately reflect the full data and cannot be considered reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Hong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zucheng Xie
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Meiwei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingyuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhendong He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Peng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Psatha K, Kollipara L, Drakos E, Deligianni E, Brintakis K, Patsouris E, Sickmann A, Rassidakis GZ, Aivaliotis M. Interruption of p53-MDM2 Interaction by Nutlin-3a in Human Lymphoma Cell Models Initiates a Cell-Dependent Global Effect on Transcriptome and Proteome Level. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3903. [PMID: 37568720 PMCID: PMC10417430 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In most lymphomas, p53 signaling pathway is inactivated by various mechanisms independent to p53 gene mutations or deletions. In many cases, p53 function is largely regulated by alterations in the protein abundance levels by the action of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MDM2, targeting p53 to proteasome-mediated degradation. In the present study, an integrating transcriptomics and proteomics analysis was employed to investigate the effect of p53 activation by a small-molecule MDM2-antagonist, nutlin-3a, on three lymphoma cell models following p53 activation. Our analysis revealed a system-wide nutlin-3a-associated effect in all examined lymphoma types, identifying in total of 4037 differentially affected proteins involved in a plethora of pathways, with significant heterogeneity among lymphomas. Our findings include known p53-targets and novel p53 activation effects, involving transcription, translation, or degradation of protein components of pathways, such as a decrease in key members of PI3K/mTOR pathway, heat-shock response, and glycolysis, and an increase in key members of oxidative phoshosphorylation, autophagy and mitochondrial translation. Combined inhibition of HSP90 or PI3K/mTOR pathway with nutlin-3a-mediated p53-activation enhanced the apoptotic effects suggesting a promising strategy against human lymphomas. Integrated omic profiling after p53 activation offered novel insights on the regulatory role specific proteins and pathways may have in lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Psatha
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.P.); (E.D.)
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
- Functional Proteomics and Systems Biology (FunPATh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Laxmikanth Kollipara
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften–ISAS–e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany; (L.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Elias Drakos
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Elena Deligianni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Konstantinos Brintakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 71110 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Eustratios Patsouris
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften–ISAS–e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany; (L.K.); (A.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
- Medizinische Fakultät, Medizinische Proteom-Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - George Z. Rassidakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michalis Aivaliotis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.P.); (E.D.)
- Functional Proteomics and Systems Biology (FunPATh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Salwa A, Ferraresi A, Secomandi E, Vallino L, Moia R, Patriarca A, Garavaglia B, Gaidano G, Isidoro C. High BECN1 Expression Negatively Correlates with BCL2 Expression and Predicts Better Prognosis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Role of Autophagy. Cells 2023; 12:1924. [PMID: 37566004 PMCID: PMC10417641 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is characterized by high molecular and clinical heterogeneity. Autophagy, a lysosome-driven catabolic process devoted to macromolecular turnover, is fundamental in maintaining normal hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors homeostasis, and its dysregulation plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of hematological malignancies. One main regulator of autophagy is BECLIN-1, which may interact alternatively with either BCL-2, thus allowing apoptosis, or PI3KC3, thus promoting autophagy. The altered expression of BCL2 and BECN1 correlates with lymphoma outcomes, but whether this is associated with dysregulated cross-talk between autophagy and apoptosis remains to be elucidated. Analysis of the TCGA database revealed that BCL2 and BECN1 mRNA expression were inversely correlated in DLBCL patients. In representative DLBCL cell lines exposed to doxorubicin, the cells highly expressing BCL-2 were resistant, while the ones highly expressing BECLIN-1 were sensitive, and this correlated with low and high autophagy flux, respectively. Venetoclax targeting of BCL-2 increased while the spautin-1-mediated inhibition of BECLIN-1-dependent autophagy reversed doxorubicin sensitivity in the former and in the latter, respectively. By interrogating the TCGA DLBCL dataset, we found that BCL2 and BECN1 acted as negative and positive prognostic markers for DLBCL, respectively. The differentially expressed gene analysis in the respective cohorts revealed that BCL2 positively correlated with oncogenic pathways (e.g., glucose transport, HIF1A signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway) and negatively correlated with autophagy-related transcripts, while BECN1 showed the opposite trend. Notably, patients with high BECN1 expression displayed longer survival. Our data reveal, for the first time, that the modulation of BECLIN-1-dependent autophagy influences the prognosis of DLBCL patients and provide a mechanistic explanation supporting the therapeutic use of drugs that, by stimulating autophagy, can sensitize lymphoma cells to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amreen Salwa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.S.); (A.F.); (E.S.); (L.V.); (B.G.)
| | - Alessandra Ferraresi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.S.); (A.F.); (E.S.); (L.V.); (B.G.)
| | - Eleonora Secomandi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.S.); (A.F.); (E.S.); (L.V.); (B.G.)
| | - Letizia Vallino
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.S.); (A.F.); (E.S.); (L.V.); (B.G.)
| | - Riccardo Moia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (R.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Patriarca
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (R.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Beatrice Garavaglia
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.S.); (A.F.); (E.S.); (L.V.); (B.G.)
| | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (R.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.S.); (A.F.); (E.S.); (L.V.); (B.G.)
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Yang S, Wang L, Wu Y, Wu A, Huang F, Tang X, Kantawong F, Anuchapreeda S, Qin D, Mei Q, Chen J, Huang X, Zhang C, Wu J. Apoptosis in megakaryocytes: Safeguard and threat for thrombopoiesis. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1025945. [PMID: 36685543 PMCID: PMC9845629 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets, generated from precursor megakaryocytes (MKs), are central mediators of hemostasis and thrombosis. The process of thrombopoiesis is extremely complex, regulated by multiple factors, and related to many cellular events including apoptosis. However, the role of apoptosis in thrombopoiesis has been controversial for many years. Some researchers believe that apoptosis is an ally of thrombopoiesis and platelets production is apoptosis-dependent, while others have suggested that apoptosis is dispensable for thrombopoiesis, and is even inhibited during this process. In this review, we will focus on this conflict, discuss the relationship between megakaryocytopoiesis, thrombopoiesis and apoptosis. In addition, we also consider why such a vast number of studies draw opposite conclusions of the role of apoptosis in thrombopoiesis, and try to figure out the truth behind the mystery. This review provides more comprehensive insights into the relationship between megakaryocytopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and apoptosis and finds some clues for the possible pathological mechanisms of platelet disorders caused by abnormal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuesong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
| | - Feihong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fahsai Kantawong
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Dalian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinwu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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7
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Huang Y, Yuan C, Liu Q, Wang L. KIF23 promotes autophagy-induced imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia through activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1334-1341. [PMID: 36066385 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Imatinib, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, shows remarkable efficacy in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Autophagy protects tumour cells against chemotherapeutic stimulation and contributes to imatinib resistance in CML. Kinesin family member 23 (KIF23) is involved in cytokinesis and associated with autophagy. The role of KIF23 in autophagy-induced imatinib resistance in CML was investigated. First, to induce drug resistance, CML cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of imatinib. The concentration of imatinib resistance in CML cells was screened through upregulation of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values. KIF23 was elevated in imatinib-resistant tissues and cells of CML. Second, knockdown of KIF23 reduced IC50 values of imatinib-resistant CML cells to imatinib. Moreover, silence of KIF23 also suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis of imatinib-resistant CML cells. Third, immunofluorescence analysis showed that the number of LC3 bright spots in imatinib-resistant CML cells was reduced by silence of KIF23. Knockdown of KIF23 upregulated p62 expression and downregulated the expression ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I in imatinib-resistant CML cells. Last, silence of KIF23 decreased nuclear β-catenin and increased cytoplasmic β-catenin in imatinib-resistant CML cells. Activator of Wnt/β-catenin attenuated KIF23 silence-induced increase of apoptosis and decrease of autophagy in imatinib-resistant CML cells. In conclusion, loss of KIF23 repressed autophagy-induced imatinib resistance in CML cells through inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyan Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingying Wang
- Department of A Dietary, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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8
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Martelli A, Omrani M, Zarghooni M, Citi V, Brogi S, Calderone V, Sureda A, Lorzadeh S, da Silva Rosa SC, Grabarek BO, Staszkiewicz R, Los MJ, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Mehrbod P, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. New Visions on Natural Products and Cancer Therapy: Autophagy and Related Regulatory Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5839. [PMID: 36497321 PMCID: PMC9738256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) has been a highly conserved process throughout evolution and allows cells to degrade aggregated/misfolded proteins, dysfunctional or superfluous organelles and damaged macromolecules, in order to recycle them for biosynthetic and/or energetic purposes to preserve cellular homeostasis and health. Changes in autophagy are indeed correlated with several pathological disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, infections, cancer and inflammatory diseases. Conversely, autophagy controls both apoptosis and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cells. Therefore, any changes in the autophagy pathway will affect both the UPR and apoptosis. Recent evidence has shown that several natural products can modulate (induce or inhibit) the autophagy pathway. Natural products may target different regulatory components of the autophagy pathway, including specific kinases or phosphatases. In this review, we evaluated ~100 natural compounds and plant species and their impact on different types of cancers via the autophagy pathway. We also discuss the impact of these compounds on the UPR and apoptosis via the autophagy pathway. A multitude of preclinical findings have shown the function of botanicals in regulating cell autophagy and its potential impact on cancer therapy; however, the number of related clinical trials to date remains low. In this regard, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to better clarify the utility of natural compounds and their modulatory effects on autophagy, as fine-tuning of autophagy could be translated into therapeutic applications for several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzieh Omrani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarghooni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumna, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition, Oxidative Stress and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Simone C. da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Beniamin Oscar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- GynCentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, 40-851 Katowice, Poland
| | - Rafał Staszkiewicz
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital with the SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Krakow, 30-901 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek J. Los
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Nutringredientes Research Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFCE), Baturite 62760-000, Brazil
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Advanced Medical Pharma (AMP-Biotec), Biopharmaceutical Innovation Centre, Via Cortenocera, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, Italy
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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9
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Autophagy in Hematological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205072. [PMID: 36291856 PMCID: PMC9600546 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Autophagy is a dynamic and tightly regulated process that seems to have dual effects in cancer. In some contexts, it can induce carcinogenesis and promote cancer cell survival, whereas in others, it acts preventing tumor cell growth and tumor progression. Thus, autophagy functions seem to strictly depend on cancer ontogenesis, progression, and type. Here, we will dive into the current knowledge of autophagy in hematological malignancies and will highlight the main genetic components involved in each cancer type. Abstract Autophagy is a highly conserved metabolic pathway via which unwanted intracellular materials, such as unfolded proteins or damaged organelles, are digested. It is activated in response to conditions of oxidative stress or starvation, and is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and other vital functions, such as differentiation, cell death, and the cell cycle. Therefore, autophagy plays an important role in the initiation and progression of tumors, including hematological malignancies, where damaged autophagy during hematopoiesis can cause malignant transformation and increase cell proliferation. Over the last decade, the importance of autophagy in response to standard pharmacological treatment of hematological tumors has been observed, revealing completely opposite roles depending on the tumor type and stage. Thus, autophagy can promote tumor survival by attenuating the cellular damage caused by drugs and/or stabilizing oncogenic proteins, but can also have an antitumoral effect due to autophagic cell death. Therefore, autophagy-based strategies must depend on the context to create specific and safe combination therapies that could contribute to improved clinical outcomes. In this review, we describe the process of autophagy and its role on hematopoiesis, and we highlight recent research investigating its role as a potential therapeutic target in hematological malignancies. The findings suggest that genetic variants within autophagy-related genes modulate the risk of developing hemopathies, as well as patient survival.
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Haghi A, Mohammadi Kian M, Salemi M, Eghdami MR, Nikbakht M. The Question of Survival or Death: What Is the Role of Autophagy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)? Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2022; 16:250-263. [PMID: 36883106 PMCID: PMC9985813 DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v16i4.10883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a critical role in balancing sources of energy in response to harsh conditions and nutrient deprivation. Autophagy allows cells to survive in harsh condition and also serve as a death mechanism. Any dysregulation in autophagy signaling may lead to several disorders. Autophagy has been proposed to explain chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This signaling pathway can either act as a tumor suppressive function or chemo-resistance mechanism. Conventional chemotherapy drugs enhance apoptosis and indicate clinical benefit, but in some cases, relapse and chemotherapy resistance are observed. In leukemia, autophagy may promote cell survival in response to chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, new strategies by inhibiting or activating autophagy may find a broad application for treating leukemia and may significantly enhance clinical outcomes. In this review, we discussed the dimensional role of autophagy in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atousa Haghi
- Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Mohammadi Kian
- Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Salemi
- Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eghdami
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Biological Anthropology, Research Institute of Guilan Studies, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nikbakht
- Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Zhu T, Liu B, Wu D, Xu G, Fan Y. Autophagy Regulates VDAC3 Ubiquitination by FBXW7 to Promote Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:740884. [PMID: 34869326 PMCID: PMC8634639 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.740884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The discovery of ferroptosis is a major breakthrough in the development of cancer treatments. However, the mechanism by which ferroptosis contributes to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is to be clarified. Here, we explored erastin-induced ferroptosis in ALL cells and the impact of autophagic activity on this process. Materials and Methods: Cell viability was evaluated in various ALL cell lines following erastin treatment by the MTS assay, while cell death was evaluated via a trypan blue assay. Immunoblotting and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression, respectively. The UbiBrowser database was used to predict the E3 ligase of VDAC3, which was confirmed by immunoprecipitation. The role of FBXW7 in erastin-induced ferroptosis in vitro was evaluated via lentiviral-mediated silencing and overexpression. ALL xenograft mice were used to observe the impact of autophagy on erastin-induced ferroptosis. Results: Resistance to erastin-induced ferroptosis was higher in Jurkat and CCRF-CEM cells than in Reh cells. The sensitivity could be modified by the autophagy activator rapamycin (Rapa) and the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Rapa sensitized ALL cells to erastin-induced ferroptosis. In ALL xenograft mice, the combination treatment of Rapa and erastin resulted in longer survival time than those observed with erastin or Rapa treatment alone. VDAC3 was regulated by autophagy post-transcriptionally, mainly via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). FBXW7 was verified as a specific E3 ligase of VDAC3. FBXW7 knockdown attenuated VDAC3 degradation by suppressing its ubiquitination, thereby increasing the sensitivity of ALL cells to erastin. Conclusion: Autophagy regulated erastin-induced ferroptosis via the FBXW7-VDAC3 axis. Rapa sensitized ALL cells to erastin-induced ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings provide potential therapeutic targets for ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Pediatric Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Pediatric Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Fan
- Pediatric Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Won M, Choi S, Cheon S, Kim EM, Kwon TK, Kim J, Kim YE, Sohn KC, Hur GM, Kim KK. Octyl syringate is preferentially cytotoxic to cancer cells via lysosomal membrane permeabilization and autophagic flux inhibition. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 39:183-199. [PMID: 34523043 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The autophagy-mediated lysosomal pathway plays an important role in conferring stress tolerance to tumor cells during cellular stress such as increased metabolic demands. Thus, targeted disruption of this function and inducing lysosomal cell death have been proved to be a useful cancer therapeutic approach. In this study, we reported that octyl syringate (OS), a novel phenolic derivate, was preferentially cytotoxic to various cancer cells but was significantly less cytotoxic to non-transformed cells. Treatment with OS resulted in non-apoptotic cell death in a caspase-independent manner. Notably, OS not only enhanced accumulation of autophagic substrates, including lapidated LC3 and sequestosome-1, but also inhibited their degradation via an autophagic flux. In addition, OS destabilized the lysosomal function, followed by the intracellular accumulation of the non-digestive autophagic substrates such as bovine serum albumin and stress granules. Furthermore, OS triggered the release of lysosomal enzymes into the cytoplasm that contributed to OS-induced non-apoptotic cell death. Finally, we demonstrated that OS was well tolerated and reduced tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. Taken together, our study identifies OS as a novel anticancer agent that induces lysosomal destabilization and subsequently inhibits autophagic flux and further supports development of OS as a lysosome-targeting compound in cancer therapy. • Octyl syringate, a phenolic derivate, is preferentially cytotoxic to various cancer cells. • Octyl syringate destabilizes the lysosomal function. • Octyl syringate blocks the autophagic flux. • Octyl syringate is a potential candidate compound for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Won
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Biotechnology Process Engineering Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghye Cheon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewhan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Qin L, Chen H, Ding X, Guo M, Lang H, Liu J, Li L, Liao J, Liao J. Utilizing network pharmacology to explore potential mechanisms of YiSui NongJian formula in treating myelodysplastic syndrome. Bioengineered 2021; 12:2238-2252. [PMID: 34098848 PMCID: PMC8806438 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1933867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to explore potential mechanisms of YiSui NongJian formula (YSNJF) in treating myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) by network pharmacology-based strategy. Active compounds and corresponding potential therapeutic targets of YSNJF were harvested by utilizing the database of TCMSP (Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology) and BATMAN-TCM (Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine). MDS targets were adopted from GeneCard, KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes), TTD (Therapeutic Target Database), DrugBank, and DisGeNet. Then a network of YSNJF- compounds-target-MDS network was harvested. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was then generated by the Sting database and subjected to Cytoscape software to harvest major and core targets network by topological analysis. Genes from the core targets network were further subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analysis to figure out potential targeting pathways. Finally, a compounds-targets-pathways network was generated by Cytoscape. A total of 210 active compounds and 768 corresponding potential therapeutic targets were harvested from ingredients of YSNJF. MDS was shown to have 772 potential treating targets with 98 intersected targets corresponding to 98 active compounds in YSNJF. Topological analysis revealed that 15 targets formed the core PPI network. Further, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that those core targets were mainly enriched on cell cycle- and immune-related pathways. The present study revealed that therapeutic effects of YSNJF on MDS might be achieved through regulating cell cycle- and immune-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerong Qin
- Dongfang Hospital Affiliated, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Ding
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Lang
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Liu
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liao
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junyao Liao
- Department of Hematology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Feizi F, Allahbakhshian Farsani M, Mirzaeian A, Takhviji V, Hajifathali A, Hossein Mohammadi M. Triangle collaboration assessment of autophagy, ER stress and hypoxia in leukemogenesis: a bright perspective on the molecular recognition of B-ALL. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:285-289. [PMID: 31328564 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1635163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common acute leukemia in childhood and adults, which caused by many various crystalline and unclear agents. Owning to this matter, no significant progress has been made in the patients-recovery. Recently, autophagy pathway is considered as an ambiguous agent in leukemia evaluation. We aim to discover the expression levels of upstream autophagy-regulating genes in newly diagnosed B-ALL patients. In B-ALL group, BECN1, HIF1A and ERN1 expressions were significantly down-regulated, while BCL2 expression was up-regulated compared to the control group (p < .05). Moreover, there was significant positive correlation between the decreased BECN1 compared with Hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes expression in the patients (p < .05). Our findings revealed that, ERN1 and ER stress pathway-related genes could be effective regulators of autophagy in B-ALL. More investigation is recommended to gain a deeper understanding into molecular pathophysiology of B-ALL to improve treatment and monitoring approaches in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Feizi
- Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Allahbakhshian Farsani
- HSCT Research Center, Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Mirzaeian
- HSCT Research Center, Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahide Takhviji
- Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajifathali
- HSCT Research Center, Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi
- HSCT Research Center, Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tang H, Gao M, Fu Y, Gui R, Ma X. The Effect of Autophagic Activity on the Function of Apheresis Platelets and on the Efficacy of Clinical Platelet Transfusion. Transfus Med Hemother 2020; 47:302-313. [PMID: 32884503 DOI: 10.1159/000504764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet activation and survival jointly determine the efficacy of clinical platelet transfusion. This study aimed to discuss the effect of autophagic activity on activation and aggregation of apheresis platelets and on the efficacy of clinical platelet transfusion. In this study, we investigated the effects of autophagic activity of apheresis platelets for different blood types and after different storage durations on platelet activation and aggregation functions. By Western blot, immunofluorescence, and RT-qPCR detection, we found that with the prolongation of the storage duration, the expressions of both autophagy-related proteins and genes were upregulated in apheresis platelets and their expressions were insignificantly higher in the apheresis platelets of type A and O blood than in those of type B and type AB blood. After RAPA/IGF-1 pretreatment, there was a significant increase/reduction in autophagic activity. After RAPA and IGF-1 pretreatment, an opposite variation trend was observed with platelet activation and aggregation. Autophagic activity of platelets correlated negatively with the efficacy of clinical platelet transfusion. These research findings provide a theoretical basis for effective clinical platelet transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunfeng Fu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Gui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianjun Ma
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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16
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Chiu CF, Chin HK, Huang WJ, Bai LY, Huang HY, Weng JR. Induction of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Breast Cancer Cells by a Novel HDAC8 Inhibitor. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120824. [PMID: 31817161 PMCID: PMC6995545 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic therapy has been demonstrated to be a viable strategy for breast cancer treatment. In this study, we report the anti-tumor activity of a hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase (HDAC)8-selective inhibitor, HMC, in breast cancer cells. MTT assays showed that HMC inhibited cell viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with IC50 values of 7.7 μM and 9.5 μM, respectively. HMC induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, which was associated with its ability to modulate a series of cell survival-related signaling effectors, including Akt, mTOR, Bax, Mcl-1, and Bcl-2. Additionally, HMC was capable of activating PPARγ, which was accompanied by reduced expression of PPARγ target gene products, such as cyclin D1 and CDK6. HMC increased the production of ROS in MCF-7 cells, which could be partially reversed by the cotreatment with a ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine or glutathione). Furthermore, HMC induced autophagy, as characterized by the formation of acidic vesicular organelles and autophagic biomarkers including LC3B-II and Atg5. Notably, pharmacological blockade of autophagy by 3-MA or CQ could attenuate HMC-induced apoptosis, suggesting that autophagy played a self-protective role in HMC-induced cell death. Together, these data suggest the translational potential of HMC to be developed into a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Fang Chiu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; (C.-F.C.); (L.-Y.B.)
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40415, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Kuo Chin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan;
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Yuan Bai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; (C.-F.C.); (L.-Y.B.)
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80715, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Li Y, Xie J, Li X, Fang J. Poly (ADP-ribosylation) of HMGB1 facilitates its acetylation and promotes HMGB1 translocation-associated chemotherapy-induced autophagy in leukaemia cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:368-378. [PMID: 31897149 PMCID: PMC6924101 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is one of the most common and curable types of cancer in paediatric patients. However, chemotherapeutic resistance is a difficult but common obstacle when treating leukaemia in the clinical setting. Studies have demonstrated that drug resistance is partly attributable to autophagy induced by multiple chemotherapeutic agents. As an evolutionarily conserved non-histone chromatin-binding protein, high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is considered to be an important factor in autophagy, and regulates autophagy at multiple levels via different subcellular localisations. In the present study, it was revealed that chemotherapeutic drugs induced autophagy in leukaemia cells and that translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is an important molecular event in this process. It was further demonstrated that poly (ADP-ribosylation) of HMGB1 facilitates its acetylation, thereby inducing HMGB1 translocation and ultimately promoting chemotherapy-induced autophagy in leukaemic cells. Targeted HMGB1 translocation may overcome chemotherapy-induced autophagy in leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Paediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Paediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jianpei Fang
- Department of Paediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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Oncogenic KIT mutations induce STAT3-dependent autophagy to support cell proliferation in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:39. [PMID: 31311917 PMCID: PMC6635375 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is associated with both survival and cell death in myeloid malignancies. Therefore, deciphering its role in different genetically defined subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is critical. Activating mutations of the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase are frequently detected in core-binding factor AML and are associated with a greater risk of relapse. Herein, we report that basal autophagy was significantly increased by the KITD816V mutation in AML cells and contributed to support their cell proliferation and survival. Invalidation of the key autophagy protein Atg12 strongly reduced tumor burden and improved survival of immunocompromised NSG mice engrafted with KITD816V TF-1 cells. Downstream of KITD816V, STAT3, but not AKT or ERK pathways, was identified as a major regulator of autophagy. Accordingly, STAT3 pharmacological inhibition or downregulation inhibited autophagy and reduced tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results support the notion that targeting autophagy or STAT3 opens up an exploratory pathway for finding new therapeutic opportunities for patients with CBF-AML or others malignancies with KITD816V mutations.
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Ge C, An N, Li L, Wei W, Ji L, Yuan N, Fang Y, Xu L, Song L, Zhang J, Song C, Wang J, Zhang S. Autophagy-deficient mice are more susceptible to engrafted leukemogenesis. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 77:129-136. [PMID: 31059942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is primarily considered as an important survival mechanism for both normal cells and cancer cells in response to metabolic stress or chemotherapy; but the role of autophagy in leukemogenesis is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to explore the role of intrinsic autophagy in the leukemogenesis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In this study, conditional knockout mice Atg7f/f;Ubc-Cre, in which an autophagy-essential gene Atg7 is universally deleted, were used as recipients, B-ALL cell line 697 was used as donor cells to generate leukemia mouse model. Compared to wild-type mice, Atg7 knockout mice were more susceptible to engrafted leukemogenesis, shown by increase in white blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets, decrease in HSPC number and its colony-forming unit (CFU). The liver and spleen displayed hepatosplenomegaly and inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, second competitive transplantation revealed dysfunction of the HSPC in Atg7-knockout leukemia mice represented by destructive self-renew ability (CFU) and reconstitution ability including decreased B220, Ter 119 cells, and increased Gr-1 cell percentage. In summary, Mice with universal deletion of Atg7 are more inclined to the occurrence of engrafted human leukemia, which is largely attributed to the deterioration of the function of HSPC in autophagy deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorong Ge
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ni An
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Li
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen Wei
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Ji
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lin Song
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chenglin Song
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Ghosh S, Lalani R, Patel V, Bardoliwala D, Maiti K, Banerjee S, Bhowmick S, Misra A. Combinatorial nanocarriers against drug resistance in hematological cancers: Opportunities and emerging strategies. J Control Release 2019; 296:114-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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RET-mediated autophagy suppression as targetable co-dependence in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2018; 32:2189-2202. [PMID: 29654265 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Many cases of AML are associated with mutational activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as FLT3. However, RTK inhibitors have limited clinical efficacy as single agents, indicating that AML is driven by concomitant activation of different signaling molecules. We used a functional genomic approach to identify RET, encoding an RTK, as an essential gene in multiple subtypes of AML, and observed that AML cells show activation of RET signaling via ARTN/GFRA3 and NRTN/GFRA2 ligand/co-receptor complexes. Interrogation of downstream pathways identified mTORC1-mediated suppression of autophagy and subsequent stabilization of leukemogenic drivers such as mutant FLT3 as important RET effectors. Accordingly, genetic or pharmacologic RET inhibition impaired the growth of FLT3-dependent AML cell lines and was accompanied by upregulation of autophagy and FLT3 depletion. RET dependence was also evident in mouse models of AML and primary AML patient samples, and transcriptome and immunohistochemistry analyses identified elevated RET mRNA levels and co-expression of RET and FLT3 proteins in a substantial proportion of AML patients. Our results indicate that RET-mTORC1 signaling promotes AML through autophagy suppression, suggesting that targeting RET or, more broadly, depletion of leukemogenic drivers via autophagy induction provides a therapeutic opportunity in a relevant subset of AML patients.
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22
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Antitumor activities of Quercetin and Green Tea in xenografts of human leukemia HL60 cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3459. [PMID: 29472583 PMCID: PMC5823936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most abundant flavonoids, present in fruits and vegetables and has been shown to have multiple properties capable of reducing cell growth in cancer cells. Green tea is a widely consumed beverage, known for a potential source of free radical scavenging and anti-cancer activities. Herein, we investigate the in vivo antitumor efficacy of quercetin and green tea in human leukemia. Human tumors were xenografted into NOD/SCID mice. Quercetin and green tea reduced tumor growth in HL-60 xenografts accompanied by decreased expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, BCL-2, BCL-XL and MCL-1 and increased expression of BAX, a pro-apoptotic protein. Moreover, caspase-3 was activated to a greater extent after quercetin and green tea treatment. Quercetin and green tea also mediated G1 phase cell cycle arrest in HL-60 xenografts. Treatment with quercetin and green tea induced conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II as well as activation of autophagy proteins, suggesting that quercetin and green tea initiate the autophagic progression. We have provided evidence that quercetin and green tea induces signaling at the level of apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy which converge to antigrowth effects in HL-60 xenograft mice suggesting that these compounds may be a compelling ally in cancer treatment.
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23
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Ultimo S, Simioni C, Martelli AM, Zauli G, Evangelisti C, Celeghini C, McCubrey JA, Marisi G, Ulivi P, Capitani S, Neri LM. PI3K isoform inhibition associated with anti Bcr-Abl drugs shows in vitro increased anti-leukemic activity in Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Oncotarget 2018; 8:23213-23227. [PMID: 28390196 PMCID: PMC5410298 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a malignant disorder characterized by the abnormal proliferation of B-cell progenitors. Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) B-ALL is a subtype that expresses the Bcr-Abl fusion protein which represents a negative prognostic factor. Constitutive activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) network is a common feature of B-ALL, influencing cell growth and survival. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of PI3K isoform inhibition in B-ALL cell lines harboring the Bcr-Abl fusion protein.We studied the effects of anti Bcr-Abl drugs Imatinib, Nilotinib and GZD824 associated with PI3K isoform inhibitors. We used a panel of six compounds which specifically target PI3K isoforms including the pan-PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474, p110α BYL719 inhibitor and the dual p110γ/p110δ inhibitor IPI145. The effects of single drugs and of several drug combinations were analyzed to assess cytotoxicity by MTS assays, apoptosis and autophagy by flow cytometry and Western blot, as well as the phosphorylation status of the pathway.ZSTK474, BYL719 and IPI145 administered in combination with imatinib, nilotinib and GZD824 for 48 h, decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis and autophagy in a marked synergistic manner.These findings suggest that selected PI3K isoform inhibitors used in combination with anti Bcr-Abl drugs may be an attractive novel therapeutic intervention in Ph+ B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ultimo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Giorgia Marisi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Fakhimahmadi A, Nazmi F, Rahmati M, Bonab NM, Hashemi M, Moosavi MA. Nucleostemin silencing induces differentiation and potentiates all-trans-retinoic acid effects in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells via autophagy. Leuk Res 2017; 63:15-21. [PMID: 29096331 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report that targeting Nucleostemin (NS), a recently discovered stem cells-enriched gene, by a specific small interference RNA (siNS), decreases the rate of proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) NB4 cells and induces differentiation and autophagy. In addition, NS silencing promotes the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-based differentiation therapy in NB4 cells. Autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin block the effect of NS targeting on differentiation, indicating a new functional link between NS and autophagy as an important regulator of differentiation in NB4 cells. The capability of NS in modulating autophagy and differentiation, alone or in combination with ATRA, may help to broaden the range of treatment options available to treat leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aila Fakhimahmadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nazmi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marveh Rahmati
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Moghtaran Bonab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Ravanan P, Srikumar IF, Talwar P. Autophagy: The spotlight for cellular stress responses. Life Sci 2017; 188:53-67. [PMID: 28866100 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential cellular mechanism which plays "housekeeping" role in normal physiological processes including removing of long lived, aggregated and misfolded proteins, clearing damaged organelles, growth regulation and aging. Autophagy is also involved in a variety of biological functions like development, cellular differentiation, defense against pathogens and nutritional starvation. The integration of autophagy into these biological functions and other stress responses is determined by the transcriptional factors that undertake the regulatory mechanism. This review discusses the machinery of autophagy, the molecular web that connects autophagy to various stress responses like inflammation, hypoxia, ER stress, and various other pathologic conditions. Defects in autophagy regulation play a central role in number of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, pathogen infection and metabolic diseases. Similarly, inhibiting autophagy would contribute in the treatment of cancer. However, understanding the biology of autophagy regulation requires pharmacologically active compounds which modulate the autophagy process. Inducers of autophagy are currently receiving considerable attention as autophagy upregulation may be a therapeutic benefit for certain neurodegenerative diseases (via removal of protein aggregates) while the inhibitors are being investigated for the treatment of cancers. Both induction and inhibition of autophagy have been proven to be beneficial in the treatment of cancer. This dual role of autophagy in cancers is now getting uncovered by the advancement in the research findings and development of effective autophagy modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniyandi Ravanan
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu-632014, India.
| | - Ida Florance Srikumar
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu-632014, India
| | - Priti Talwar
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu-632014, India
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26
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You L, Jin S, Zhu L, Qian W. Autophagy, autophagy-associated adaptive immune responses and its role in hematologic malignancies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12374-12388. [PMID: 27902471 PMCID: PMC5355352 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a tightly regulated catabolic process that leads to the degradation of cytoplasmatic components such as aggregated/misfolded proteins and organelles through the lysosomal machinery. Recent studies suggest that autophagy plays such a role in the context of the anti-tumor immune response, make it an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. Defective autophagy in hematopoietic stem cells may contribute to the development of hematologic malignancies, including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and lymphoproliferative disorder. In blood cancer cells, autophagy can either result in chemoresistance or induce autophagic cell death that may act as immunogenic. Based on the successful experimental findings in vitro and in vivo, clinical trials of autophagy inhibitor such as hydroxychloroquine in combination with chemotherapy in patients with blood cancers are currently underway. However, autophagy inactivation might impair autophagy-triggered anticancer immunity, whereas induction of autophagy might become an effective immunotherapy. These aspects are discussed in this review together with a brief introduction to the autophagic molecular machinery and its roles in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangshun You
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shenhe Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P.R. China
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27
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Espindola-Netto JM, Chini CCS, Tarragó M, Wang E, Dutta S, Pal K, Mukhopadhyay D, Sola-Penna M, Chini EN. Preclinical efficacy of the novel competitive NAMPT inhibitor STF-118804 in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85054-85067. [PMID: 29156703 PMCID: PMC5689593 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD salvage is one of the pathways used to generate NAD in mammals. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway, uses nicotinamide (NAM) to generate nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). NMN is one of the main precursors of NAD synthesis in cells. Our previous study showed the importance of NAMPT in maintaining NAD levels in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells (PDAC), and that the NAMPT inhibitor FK866 decreased pancreatic cancer growth. We now tested the effect of STF-118804, a new highly specific NAMPT inhibitor, in models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. STF-118804 reduced viability and growth of different PDAC lines, as well as the formation of colonies in soft agar. In addition, STF-118804 decreased glucose uptake, lactate excretion, and ATP levels, resulting in metabolic collapse. STF-118804 treatment activated AMPK and inhibited of mTOR pathways in these cells. This effect was significantly potentiated by pharmacological AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition. Exogenous NMN blocked both the activation of the AMPK pathway and the decrease in cell viability. Panc-1 cells expressing GFP-luciferase were orthotopically implanted on mice pancreas to test the in vivo effectiveness of STF-118804. Both STF-118804 and FK866 reduced tumor size after 21 days of treatment. Combinations of STF-118804 with chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel, gemcitabine, and etoposide showed an additive effect in decreasing cell viability and growth. In conclusion, our preclinical study shows that the NAMPT inhibitor STF-118804 reduced the growth of PDAC in vitro and in vivo and had an additive effect in combination with main current chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jair Machado Espindola-Netto
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, U.S.A.,Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (BioTecFar), Faculdade de Farmacia, Centro de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia C S Chini
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, U.S.A
| | - Mariana Tarragó
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, U.S.A
| | - Enfeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, U.S.A
| | - Shamit Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, U.S.A
| | - Krishnendu Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, U.S.A
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, U.S.A
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (BioTecFar), Faculdade de Farmacia, Centro de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo N Chini
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, U.S.A
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28
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Wang JY, Yao WX, Wang Y, Fan YL, Wu JB. Network analysis reveals crosstalk between autophagy genes and disease genes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44391. [PMID: 28295050 PMCID: PMC5353691 DOI: 10.1038/srep44391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a protective and life-sustaining process in which cytoplasmic components are packaged into double-membrane vesicles and targeted to lysosomes for degradation. Accumulating evidence supports that autophagy is associated with several pathological conditions. However, research on the functional cross-links between autophagy and disease genes remains in its early stages. In this study, we constructed a disease-autophagy network (DAN) by integrating known disease genes, known autophagy genes and protein-protein interactions (PPI). Dissecting the topological properties of the DAN suggested that nodes that both autophagy and disease genes (inter-genes), are topologically important in the DAN structure. Next, a core network from the DAN was extracted to analyze the functional links between disease and autophagy genes. The genes in the core network were significantly enriched in multiple disease-related pathways, suggesting that autophagy genes may function in various disease processes. Of 17 disease classes, 11 significantly overlapped with autophagy genes, including cancer diseases, metabolic diseases and hematological diseases, a finding that is supported by the literatures. We also found that autophagy genes have a bridging role in the connections between pairs of disease classes. Altogether, our study provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying human diseases and the autophagy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ye Wang
- The Criminal Science and Technology Department, Zhejiang Police College, 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Xuan Yao
- The Criminal Science and Technology Department, Zhejiang Police College, 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- The department of gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lei Fan
- The Criminal Science and Technology Department, Zhejiang Police College, 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bing Wu
- The Criminal Science and Technology Department, Zhejiang Police College, 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Lu Z, Xu N, He B, Pan C, Lan Y, Zhou H, Liu X. Inhibition of autophagy enhances the selective anti-cancer activity of tigecycline to overcome drug resistance in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:43. [PMID: 28283035 PMCID: PMC5345227 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Drug resistance and disease progression are still the major obstacles in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Increasing researches have demonstrated that autophagy becomes activated when cancer cells are subjected to chemotherapy, which is involved in the development of drug resistance. Therefore, combining chemotherapy with inhibition of autophagy serves as a new strategy in cancer treatment. Tigecycline is an antibiotic that has received attention as an anti-cancer agent due to its inhibitory effect on mitochondrial translation. However, whether combination of tigecycline with inhibition of autophagy could overcome drug resistance in CML remains unclear. Methods We analyzed the biological and metabolic effect of tigecycline on CML primary cells and cell lines to investigate whether tigecycline could regulate autophagy in CML cells and whether coupling autophagy inhibition with treatment using tigecycline could affect the viabilities of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant CML cells. Results Tigecycline inhibited the viabilities of CML primary cells and cell lines, including those that were drug-resistant. This occurred via the inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and the perturbation of cell metabolism, which resulted in apoptosis. Moreover, tigecycline induced autophagy by downregulating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Additionally, combining tigecycline use with autophagy inhibition further promoted the anti-leukemic activity of tigecycline. We also observed that the anti-leukemic effect of tigecycline is selective. This is because the drug targeted leukemic cells but not normal cells, which is because of the differences in the mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic characterization between the two cell types. Conclusions Combining tigecycline use with autophagy inhibition is a promising approach for overcoming drug resistance in CML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Lu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Da Dao North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Da Dao North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bolin He
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Da Dao North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chengyun Pan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Da Dao North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yangqing Lan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Da Dao North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Da Dao North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Da Dao North, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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30
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Guo Z, Meng M, Geng S, Du Z, Zheng Y, Yao J, Li Z, Han G, Lin H, Du G. The optimal dose of arsenic trioxide induced opposite efficacy in autophagy between K562 cells and their initiating cells to eradicate human myelogenous leukemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:29-38. [PMID: 27965050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Arsenic trioxide (As2O3), a main component of arsenolite which is a common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) wildly used as a therapeutic agent for more than 2400 years in china, has been accepted as a standard treatment for the patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) based on the principle in TCM of "using a poison to fight against other poisons or malignancy illnesses". However, it remains unknown that which mechanism is actually responsible for the therapeutic effects against these blood malignancies. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to explore the actual mechanism that ATO exerts its effects in K562 cells and their initiating cells (K562s). MATERIALS AND METHODS K562s cells were separated and enriched for CD34+/CD38- cells using magnetic microbeads. Cell proliferation was determined by incorporation of BrdU. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin-V binding and PI uptake. Autophagy was estimated by acridine orange and immunofluorescence staining of LC3-B and p62. MC colonic formation was used to examine cell self-renew. ROS generation inside living cells was measured by DCFH-DA. Cell differentiation was assessed by the benzidine staining. The SA-β-gal assay was used to detect cell senescence. Protein expression was examined by western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS K562s cells were stronger in self-renew and resistance to ATO cytotoxicity and starvation-induced apoptosis than K562 cells. Unexpectedly, we found that ATO at a dose of 0.5μM which had no effect on cell proliferation resulted in maximum suppression on self-renew in both cells and maximum starvation-induced apoptosis in K562s cells but minimum starvation-induced apoptosis in K562 cells. Next, we found that ATO no more than 0.5μM selectively induced K562s cell differentiation indicated by benzidine staining, γ-globin and CD235a expression. More importantly, we found that ATO no more than 0.5μM led to opposite efficacy in autophagy between K562 and K562s cells, and the opposite autophagy could induced late-phase senescence in both cells. Finally, we used the optimal dose of ATO to eradicate leukemia cells and obtained a satisfied therapeutic outcomes in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the used dose of ATO may determine the fate of cell differentiation senescence or malignant transformation, and the optimal dose of ATO induced opposite efficacy in autophagy between K562 cells and their initiating cells and ultimately leads both cells to late-phase senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Guo
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Mingjing Meng
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Shengnan Geng
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Zhenhua Du
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Yaqiu Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Jingjing Yao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Zibo Li
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Guang Han
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Haihong Lin
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
| | - Gangjun Du
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China.
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31
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Wu J, Hu G, Dong Y, Ma R, Yu Z, Jiang S, Han Y, Yu K, Zhang S. Matrine induces Akt/mTOR signalling inhibition-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in acute myeloid leukaemia cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:1171-1181. [PMID: 28026112 PMCID: PMC5431164 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological modulation of autophagy has been referred to as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. Matrine, a main alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens Ait, has antitumour activity against acute myelocytic leukaemia (AML). Whether autophagy is involved in antileukaemia activity of matrine remains unobvious. In this study, we demonstrated that matrine inhibited cell viability and colony formation via inducing apoptosis and autophagy in AML cell lines HL‐60, THP‐1 and C1498 as well as primary AML cells. Matrine promoted caspase‐3 and PARP cleavage dose‐dependently. Matrine up‐regulated the level of LC3‐II and down‐regulated the level of SQSTM1/p62 in a dose‐dependent way, indicating that autophagy should be implicated in anti‐AML effect of matrine. Furthermore, the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 relieved the cytotoxicity of matrine by blocking the autophagic flux, while the autophagy promoter rapamycin enhanced the cytotoxicity of matrine. Additionally, matrine inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR and their downstream substrates p70S6K and 4EBP1, which led to the occurrence of autophagy. In vivo study demonstrated that autophagy was involved in antileukaemia effect of matrine in C57BL/6 mice bearing murine AML cell line C1498, and the survival curves showed that mice did benefit from treatment with matrine. Collectively, our findings indicate that matrine exerts antitumour effect through apoptosis and autophagy, and the latter one might be a potential therapeutic strategy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Wu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Dong
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruye Ma
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Songfu Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixiang Han
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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32
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Photodynamic N-TiO 2 Nanoparticle Treatment Induces Controlled ROS-mediated Autophagy and Terminal Differentiation of Leukemia Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34413. [PMID: 27698385 PMCID: PMC5048164 DOI: 10.1038/srep34413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) NPs in conjugation with visible light, and show that both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy are induced by this novel NP-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) system. While well-dispersed N-TiO2 NPs (≤100 μg/ml) were inert, their photo-activation with visible light led to ROS-mediated autophagy in leukemia K562 cells and normal peripheral lymphocytes, and this increased in parallel with increasing NP concentrations and light doses. At a constant light energy (12 J/cm2), increasing N-TiO2 NP concentrations increased ROS levels to trigger autophagy-dependent megakaryocytic terminal differentiation in K562 cells. By contrast, an ROS challenge induced by high N-TiO2 NP concentrations led to autophagy-associated apoptotic cell death. Using chemical autophagy inhibitors (3-methyladenine and Bafilomycin A1), we confirmed that autophagy is required for both terminal differentiation and apoptosis induced by photo-activated N-TiO2. Pre-incubation of leukemic cells with ROS scavengers muted the effect of N-TiO2 NP-based PDT on cell fate, highlighting the upstream role of ROS in our system. In summary, PDT using N-TiO2 NPs provides an effective method of priming autophagy by ROS induction. The capability of photo-activated N-TiO2 NPs in obtaining desirable cellular outcomes represents a novel therapeutic strategy of cancer cells.
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33
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Fernandes Â, Azevedo MM, Pereira O, Sampaio-Marques B, Paiva A, Correia-Neves M, Castro I, Ludovico P. Proteolytic systems and AMP-activated protein kinase are critical targets of acute myeloid leukemia therapeutic approaches. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31428-40. [PMID: 25537507 PMCID: PMC4741616 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic strategies against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have hardly been modified over four decades. Although resulting in a favorable outcome in young patients, older individuals, the most affected population, do not respond adequately to therapy. Intriguingly, the mechanisms responsible for AML cells chemoresistance/susceptibility are still elusive. Mounting evidence has shed light on the relevance of proteolytic systems (autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome system, UPS), as well as the AMPK pathway, in AML biology and treatment, but their exact role is still controversial. Herein, two AML cell lines (HL-60 and KG-1) were exposed to conventional chemotherapeutic agents (cytarabine and/or doxorubicin) to assess the relevance of autophagy and UPS on AML cells’ response to antileukemia drugs. Our results clearly showed that the antileukemia agents target both proteolytic systems and the AMPK pathway. Doxorubicin enhanced UPS activity while drugs’ combination blocked autophagy specifically on HL-60 cells. In contrast, KG-1 cells responded in a more subtle manner to the drugs tested consistent with the higher UPS activity of these cells. In addition, the data demonstrates that autophagy may play a protective role depending on AML subtype. Specific modulators of autophagy and UPS are, therefore, promising targets for combining with standard therapeutic interventions in some AML subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Maria M Azevedo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Olga Pereira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Artur Paiva
- Blood and Transplantation Center of Coimbra, Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Isabel Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Birkenmeier K, Moll K, Newrzela S, Hartmann S, Dröse S, Hansmann ML. Basal autophagy is pivotal for Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells' survival and growth revealing a new strategy for Hodgkin lymphoma treatment. Oncotarget 2016; 7:46579-46588. [PMID: 27366944 PMCID: PMC5216819 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As current classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) treatment strategies have pronounced side-effects, specific inhibition of signaling pathways may offer novel strategies in cHL therapy. Basal autophagy, a regulated catabolic pathway to degrade cell's own components, is in cancer linked with both, tumor suppression or promotion. The finding that basal autophagy enhances tumor cell survival would thus lead to immediately testable strategies for novel therapies. Thus, we studied its contribution in cHL.We found constitutive activation of autophagy in cHL cell lines and primary tissue. The expression of key autophagy-relevant proteins (e.g. Beclin-1, ULK1) and LC3 processing was increased in cHL cells, even in lymphoma cases. Consistently, cHL cells exhibited elevated numbers of autophagic vacuoles and intact autophagic flux. Autophagy inhibition with chloroquine or inactivation of ATG5 induced apoptosis and reduced proliferation of cHL cells. Chloroquine-mediated inhibition of basal autophagy significantly impaired HL growth in-vivo in NOD SCID γc-/- (NSG) mice. We found that basal autophagy plays a pivotal role in sustaining mitochondrial function.We conclude that cHL cells require basal autophagy for growth, survival and sustained metabolism making them sensitive to autophagy inhibition. This suggests basal autophagy as useful target for new strategies in cHL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Birkenmeier
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina Moll
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Newrzela
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Dröse
- Clinic of Anesthesiology, Intensive-Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Goethe-University Hospital, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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35
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Nakanishi T, Song Y, He C, Wang D, Morita K, Tsukada J, Kanazawa T, Yoshida Y. Relationship between triterpenoid anticancer drug resistance, autophagy, and caspase-1 in adult T-cell leukemia. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2026. [PMID: 27190722 PMCID: PMC4868592 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the inflammasome inhibitor cucurbitacin D (CuD) induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines. Here, we investigated the effects of CuD and a B-cell lymphoma extra-large (Bcl-xL) inhibitor on autophagy in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) isolated from adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients. CuD induced PBL cell death in patients but not in healthy donors. This effect was not significantly inhibited by treatment with rapamycin or 3-methyladenine (3-MA). The Bcl-xL inhibitor Z36 induced death in primary cells from ATL patients including that induced by CuD treatment, effects that were partly inhibited by 3-MA. Similarly, cell death induced by the steroid prednisolone was enhanced in the presence of Z36. A western blot analysis revealed that Z36 also promoted CuD-induced poly(ADP ribose) polymerase cleavage. Interestingly, the effects of CuD and Z36 were attenuated in primary ATL patient cells obtained upon recurrence after umbilical cord blood transplantation, as compared to those obtained before chemotherapy. Furthermore, cells from this patient expressed a high level of caspase-1, and treatment with caspase-1 inhibitor-enhanced CuD-induced cell death. Taken together, these results suggest that rescue from resistance to steroid drugs can enhance chemotherapy, and that caspase-1 is a good marker for drug resistance in ATL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nakanishi
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Department of Hematology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yuan Song
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cuiying He
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Junichi Tsukada
- Department of Hematology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Kanazawa
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Bhat R, Bhattacharyya PK, Ratech H. An Immunohistochemical Survey of SNARE Proteins Shows Distinct Patterns of Expression in Hematolymphoid Neoplasia. Am J Clin Pathol 2016; 145:604-16. [PMID: 27247366 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Five proteins from the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor activating protein receptor (SNARE) complex family were studied in normal hematopoietic cells in bone marrow; normal lymphocytes at different stages of maturation and differentiation in bone marrow, thymus, tonsil, and lymph node; malignant lymphomas; and leukemias. METHODS Sixty-eight reactive and 380 hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms were immunohistochemically stained for syntaxin 7 (STX7), vesicle-associated membrane proteins (VAMP2, VAMP7, VAMP8), and synaptosomal-associated protein 23 (SNAP23). RESULTS STX7 has potential for being a useful marker for distinguishing between normal B precursors (hematogones) vs B lymphoblasts, as well as between the "popcorn" cells of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma vs the Reed-Sternberg cells of classic Hodgkin lymphoma or the B cells of T-cell, histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma. VAMP2 is uniquely expressed by both reactive and malignant plasma cells, in contrast to B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. There is differential expression of SNARE proteins in normal and neoplastic lymphoid tissue depending on lymphocyte maturation stage. CONCLUSIONS Differential SNARE protein expression in the lymphoid system may have potential use in diagnosis and may offer clues to lymphoma biology. VAMP2 is a promising new plasma cell marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Bhat
- From the Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Howard Ratech
- From the Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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37
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You T, Wang Q, Zhu L. Role of autophagy in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet formation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 8:28-34. [PMID: 27186320 PMCID: PMC4859876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved biological process for digestion and recycling of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells. Autophagy may trigger cell death or promote cell survival following various forms of stress. The emerging roles of autophagy in megakaryopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and platelet function have been uncovered using not only in vitro and in vivo genetic models, but also in clinical observations of autophagic structure in patients with thrombocytopenic disorders. Inhibition of autophagy in early stage of megakaryocyte differentiation appears to impede megakaryocyte maturation, reduce platelet formation, and affect platelet function, whereas autophagic deficiency in mature megakaryocytes gives rise to abnormal platelet activation and function without changing platelet size and number. On the other hand, induction of autophagy by rapamycin in megakaryocytes exhibited substantial therapeutic benefits in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). This mini-review is to highlight recent progresses in understanding the regulation of autophagy in megakaryopoiesis, thrombopoiesis and platelet function to bridge the gap between autophagy and megakaryocyte/platelet pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao You
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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38
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QIAN SHANHU, SUN LAN, LI JIAQI, WU JUNQING, HU GANG, HAN YIXIANG, YU KANG, ZHANG SHENGHUI. MAP30 inhibits autophagy through enhancing acetyltransferase p300 and induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3705-13. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Nakanishi T, Song Y, He C, Wang D, Morita K, Tsukada J, Kanazawa T, Yoshida Y. Autophagy is associated with cucurbitacin D-induced apoptosis in human T cell leukemia cells. Med Oncol 2016; 33:30. [PMID: 26913856 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-016-0743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the inflammasome inhibitor cucurbitacin D (CuD) induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the effects of co-treatment with an additional Bcl-xL inhibitor, Z36. Treatment with Z36 induced cell death in leukemia cell lines, with MT-4 cells exhibiting the lowest sensitivity to Z36. Co-treatment of cells with Z36 and CuD resulted in a greater degree of cell death for Hut78 and Jurkat cells than treatment with CuD alone. In contrast, co-treatment of MT-4 cells with Z36 and CuD had a suppressive effect on cell death. The autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) suppressed the growth of leukemia cell lines HuT78, Jurkat, MT-1, and MT-4. CuD-induced cell death was enhanced by 3-MA in Jurkat cells, but inhibited in MT-4 cells. Western blotting results revealed cleavage of poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP), supporting CuD-induced cell death; 3-MA enhanced CuD-Z36-induced PARP cleavage. Taken together, our results indicate that autophagy negatively regulates chemical-induced cell death of leukemia cells, and that controlling autophagy could be beneficial in the development of more effective chemotherapies against leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nakanishi
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yuan Song
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tian Shan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Cuiying He
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Junichi Tsukada
- Department of Hematology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Kanazawa
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
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Zeng X, Zhao H, Li Y, Fan J, Sun Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Song P, Ju D. Targeting Hedgehog signaling pathway and autophagy overcomes drug resistance of BCR-ABL-positive chronic myeloid leukemia. Autophagy 2016; 11:355-72. [PMID: 25701353 DOI: 10.4161/15548627.2014.994368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The frontline tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib has revolutionized the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, drug resistance is the major clinical challenge in the treatment of CML. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and autophagy are both related to tumorigenesis, cancer therapy, and drug resistance. This study was conducted to explore whether the Hh pathway could regulate autophagy in CML cells and whether simultaneously regulating the Hh pathway and autophagy could induce cell death of drug-sensitive or -resistant BCR-ABL(+) CML cells. Our results indicated that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of Hh pathway could markedly induce autophagy in BCR-ABL(+) CML cells. Autophagic inhibitors or ATG5 and ATG7 silencing could significantly enhance CML cell death induced by Hh pathway suppression. Based on the above findings, our study demonstrated that simultaneously inhibiting the Hh pathway and autophagy could markedly reduce cell viability and induce apoptosis of imatinib-sensitive or -resistant BCR-ABL(+) cells. Moreover, this combination had little cytotoxicity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Furthermore, this combined strategy was related to PARP cleavage, CASP3 and CASP9 cleavage, and inhibition of the BCR-ABL oncoprotein. In conclusion, this study indicated that simultaneously inhibiting the Hh pathway and autophagy could potently kill imatinib-sensitive or -resistant BCR-ABL(+) cells, providing a novel concept that simultaneously inhibiting the Hh pathway and autophagy might be a potent new strategy to overcome CML drug resistance.
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Key Words
- ACTB, actin
- AKT/protein kinase B, v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog
- ATG, autophagy-related
- BCC, basal cell carcinoma
- BCR-ABL
- BCR-ABL, breakpoint cluster region-ABL proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase
- Bafi A1, bafilomycin A1
- CASP, caspase
- CML
- CML, chronic myeloid leukemia
- CQ, chloroquine
- EIF4EBP1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1
- HCQ, hydroxychloroquine
- Hh, Hedgehog
- MAP1LC3B, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 β
- MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
- PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
- PBMC, human peripheral blood mononuclear cell
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RPS6KB, ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa
- SQSTM1, sequestosome 1
- TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor
- apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase
- autophagy
- drug resistance
- hedgehog pathway
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- β
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zeng
- a Department of Biosynthesis and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery; MOE; School of Pharmacy ; Fudan University ; Shanghai , China
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Bologna C, Buonincontri R, Serra S, Vaisitti T, Audrito V, Brusa D, Pagnani A, Coscia M, D'Arena G, Mereu E, Piva R, Furman RR, Rossi D, Gaidano G, Terhorst C, Deaglio S. SLAMF1 regulation of chemotaxis and autophagy determines CLL patient response. J Clin Invest 2015; 126:181-94. [PMID: 26619119 DOI: 10.1172/jci83013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a variable disease; therefore, markers to identify aggressive forms are essential for patient management. Here, we have shown that expression of the costimulatory molecule and microbial sensor SLAMF1 (also known as CD150) is lost in a subset of patients with an aggressive CLL that associates with a shorter time to first treatment and reduced overall survival. SLAMF1 silencing in CLL-like Mec-1 cells, which constitutively express SLAMF1, modulated pathways related to cell migration, cytoskeletal organization, and intracellular vesicle formation and recirculation. SLAMF1 deficiency associated with increased expression of CXCR4, CD38, and CD44, thereby positively affecting chemotactic responses to CXCL12. SLAMF1 ligation with an agonistic monoclonal antibody increased ROS accumulation and induced phosphorylation of p38, JNK1/2, and BCL2, thereby promoting the autophagic flux. Beclin1 dissociated from BCL2 in response to SLAMF1 ligation, resulting in formation of the autophagy macrocomplex, which contains SLAMF1, beclin1, and the enzyme VPS34. Accordingly, SLAMF1-silenced cells or SLAMF1(lo) primary CLL cells were resistant to autophagy-activating therapeutic agents, such as fludarabine and the BCL2 homology domain 3 mimetic ABT-737. Together, these results indicate that loss of SLAMF1 expression in CLL modulates genetic pathways that regulate chemotaxis and autophagy and that potentially affect drug responses, and suggest that these effects underlie unfavorable clinical outcome experienced by SLAMF1(lo) patients.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Autophagy
- Cell Movement
- Chemotaxis
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- MAP Kinase Kinase 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1
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EIF2A-dependent translational arrest protects leukemia cells from the energetic stress induced by NAMPT inhibition. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:855. [PMID: 26542945 PMCID: PMC4636066 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in NAD+ biosynthesis from nicotinamide, is one of the major factors regulating cancer cells metabolism and is considered a promising target for treating cancer. The prototypical NAMPT inhibitor FK866 effectively lowers NAD+ levels in cancer cells, reducing the activity of NAD+-dependent enzymes, lowering intracellular ATP, and promoting cell death. Results We show that FK866 induces a translational arrest in leukemia cells through inhibition of MTOR/4EBP1 signaling and of the initiation factors EIF4E and EIF2A. Specifically, treatment with FK866 is shown to induce 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, which, together with EIF2A phosphorylation, is responsible for the inhibition of protein synthesis. Notably, such an effect was also observed in patients’ derived primary leukemia cells including T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Jurkat cells in which AMPK or LKB1 expression was silenced or in which a non-phosphorylatable EIF2A mutant was ectopically expressed showed enhanced sensitivity to the NAMPT inhibitor, confirming a key role for the LKB1-AMPK-EIF2A axis in cell fate determination in response to energetic stress via NAD+ depletion. Conclusions We identified EIF2A phosphorylation as a novel early molecular event occurring in response to NAMPT inhibition and mediating protein synthesis arrest. In addition, our data suggest that tumors exhibiting an impaired LBK1- AMPK- EIF2A response may be especially susceptible to NAMPT inhibitors and thus become an elective indication for this type of agents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1845-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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43
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Orfali N, O'Donovan TR, Nyhan MJ, Britschgi A, Tschan MP, Cahill MR, Mongan NP, Gudas LJ, McKenna SL. Induction of autophagy is a key component of all-trans-retinoic acid-induced differentiation in leukemia cells and a potential target for pharmacologic modulation. Exp Hematol 2015; 43:781-93.e2. [PMID: 25986473 PMCID: PMC4948855 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the accumulation of immature blood cell precursors in the bone marrow. Pharmacologically overcoming the differentiation block in this condition is an attractive therapeutic avenue, which has achieved success only in a subtype of AML, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Attempts to emulate this success in other AML subtypes have thus far been unsuccessful. Autophagy is a conserved protein degradation pathway with important roles in mammalian cell differentiation, particularly within the hematopoietic system. In the study described here, we investigated the functional importance of autophagy in APL cell differentiation. We found that autophagy is increased during all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced granulocytic differentiation of the APL cell line NB4 and that this is associated with increased expression of LC3II and GATE-16 proteins involved in autophagosome formation. Autophagy inhibition, using either drugs (chloroquine/3-methyladenine) or short-hairpin RNA targeting the essential autophagy gene ATG7, attenuates myeloid differentiation. Importantly, we found that enhancing autophagy promotes ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation of an ATRA-resistant derivative of the non-APL AML HL60 cell line (HL60-Diff-R). These data support the development of strategies to stimulate autophagy as a novel approach to promote differentiation in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adenine/analogs & derivatives
- Adenine/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antirheumatic Agents/pharmacology
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Autophagy-Related Protein 7
- Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Chloroquine/pharmacology
- Granulocytes/metabolism
- Granulocytes/pathology
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Orfali
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, Leslie C. Quick, Jr., Laboratory, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Hematology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tracey R O'Donovan
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, Leslie C. Quick, Jr., Laboratory, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michelle J Nyhan
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, Leslie C. Quick, Jr., Laboratory, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Adrian Britschgi
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mario P Tschan
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mary R Cahill
- Department of Hematology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA; Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sharon L McKenna
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, Leslie C. Quick, Jr., Laboratory, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Proteasome inhibitors induce FLT3-ITD degradation through autophagy in AML cells. Blood 2015; 127:882-92. [PMID: 26286850 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-646497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Internal tandem duplication of the Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 receptor (FLT3) internal tandem duplication (ITD) is found in 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is associated with a poor outcome. In addition to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, therapeutic strategies that modulate the expression of FLT3-ITD are also promising. We show that AML samples bearing FLT3-ITD mutations are more sensitive to proteasome inhibitors than wild-type samples and this sensitivity is strongly correlated with a higher FLT3-ITD allelic burden. Using pharmacologic inhibitors of autophagy, specific downregulation of key autophagy proteins including Vps34, autophagy gene (Atg)5, Atg12, Atg13, biochemical, and microscopy studies, we demonstrated that proteasome inhibitors induced cytotoxic autophagy in AML cells. FLT3-ITD molecules were detectable within autophagosomes after bortezomib treatment indicating that autophagy induction was responsible for the early degradation of FLT3-ITD, which preceded the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), PI3K/AKT, and STAT5 pathways, and subsequent activation of cell death. Moreover, proteasome inhibitors overcome resistance to quizartinib induced by mutations in the kinase domain of FLT3, suggesting that these compounds may prevent the emergence of mutant clones arising from tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments. In xenograft mice models, bortezomib stimulated the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, indicating induction of autophagy in vivo, downregulated FLT3-ITD protein expression and improved overall survival. Therefore, selecting patients according to FLT3-ITD mutations could be a new way to detect a significant clinical activity of proteasome inhibitors in AML patients.
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45
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Dong L, Shen X, Wei W, Shi W, Zhang G, Cao W, Li D. [The impact of autophagy on proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of polycythemia vera patients with JAK2 V617F mutation]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:520-5. [PMID: 26134021 PMCID: PMC7343069 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the activity of autophagy and explore the impact on survival and proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of polycythemia vera (PV) patients with JAK2 V617F mutation. METHODS Flow cytometry, AO staining and Western blot methods were used to detect the autophagy activity and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ protein of JAK2 V617F+ HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of 12 newly diagnosed PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation. HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 PV patients were treated with rapamycin or 3-MA to induce and inhibit autophagy, respectively. CellTiter Glo(R) method was used to detect the proliferation activity of cells. RESULTS There was higher level of mean LC3-Ⅱ fluorescence intensity in HEL cells (159 389 ± 29 001) than that in K562 cells (96 047 ± 24 134) (P=0.044). The formation of autophagosome in HEL cells is more than that in K562 cells detected by microscope. What's more, the level of mean LC3-Ⅱ fluorescence intensity in 12 PV patients' myeloid cells (92 842 ± 4 250) was higher than that of 15 healthy volunteers (86 633 ± 2 504) (P=0.001). The expression of LC3-Ⅱ protein was higher in PV patients' peripheral blood cells than that in healthy volunteers detected by Western blot. After treated with rapamycin 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy in HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 PV patients were increased and the proliferation activity was higher than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (101 413 ± 3 720), (18 744 ± 1 015), respectively. However, after treated with 3-MA 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy was decreased and the proliferation activity was lower than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (5 732 ± 166), (5 371 ± 56), respectively. CONCLUSION There is high basical activity of autophagy in JAK2 V617F+ HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation. Up-regulated autophagy promotes proliferation of JAK2 V617F⁺ HEL cells and bone marrow cells of PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation. Decreased autophagy inhibits proliferation of JAK2 V617F+ HEL cells and bone marrow cells of PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dong
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Xuliang Shen
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Wu Wei
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Wenzhi Shi
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Guoxiang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Wenjun Cao
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi Changzhi 046000, China
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Kong Q, Xu LH, Xu W, Fang JP, Xu HG. HMGB1 translocation is involved in the transformation of autophagy complexes and promotes chemoresistance in leukaemia. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:161-70. [PMID: 25954971 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a common paediatric cancer and is among the most curable cancers. However, the acquisition of drug resistance is a significant obstacle to the achievement of favourable outcomes, and autophagy is regarded as a mechanism that underlies chemoresistance. In this study, RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of HMGB1 and Beclin1 in bone marrow mononuclear cells. A CCK-8 test was conducted to assess cell viability. Western blot, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopic analyses were performed to evaluate the autophagy levels. Immunoprecipitation analysis was performed to detect protein-protein interactions in the autophagy complexes. We found that HMGB1 expression correlated with the clinical status of ALL. In vitro, anticancer agent-induced cytotoxic effects were associated with autophagy-related drug resistance, and these effects were ameliorated by FIP200 depletion or the application of autophagy inhibitors. Moreover, the Ulk1‑Atg13-FIP200 complex, which promotes HMGB1 trafficking, acted upstream of the HMGB1-Beclin1 and PI3KC3-Beclin1 complexes and played a critical role in autophagy. Targeting the transformation of autophagic complexes or HMGB1 translocation may suppress autophagy and consequently overcome chemoresistance in leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Hong Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Pei Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Gui Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Autophagy collaborates with ubiquitination to downregulate oncoprotein E2A/Pbx1 in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2015; 5:e274. [PMID: 25615280 PMCID: PMC4314458 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2014.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) accounts for the most cancer incidences in children. We present here that autophagy is downregulated in pediatric B-ALL, suggesting a possible link between autophagy failure and pediatric B-ALL leukemogenesis. With a pediatric t(1;19) B-ALL xenograft mouse model, we show here that activation of autophagy by preventive administration of rapamycin improved the survival of leukemia animals by partial restoration of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, whereas treatment of the animals with rapamycin caused leukemia bone marrow cell-cycle arrest. Activation of autophagy in vitro or in vivo by rapamycin or starvation downregulated oncogenic fusion protein E2A/Pbx1. Furthermore, E2A/Pbx1 was found to be colocalized with autophagy marker LC3 in autolysosomes and with ubiquitin in response to autophagy stimuli, whereas autophagy or ubiquitination inhibitor blocked these colocalizations. Together, our data suggest a collaborative action between autophagy and ubiquitination in the degradation of E2A/Pbx1, thereby revealing a novel strategy for targeted preventive or treatment therapy on the pediatric ALL.
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Yuan N, Song L, Zhang S, Lin W, Cao Y, Xu F, Fang Y, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li X, Wang Z, Cai J, Wang J, Zhang Y, Mao X, Zhao W, Hu S, Chen S, Wang J. Bafilomycin A1 targets both autophagy and apoptosis pathways in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2014; 100:345-56. [PMID: 25512644 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.113324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common type of pediatric leukemia. Despite improved remission rates, current treatment regimens for pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia are often associated with adverse effects and central nervous system relapse, necessitating more effective and safer agents. Bafilomycin A1 is an inhibitor of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase that is frequently used at high concentration to block late-phase autophagy. Here, we show that bafilomycin A1 at a low concentration (1 nM) effectively and specifically inhibited and killed pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. It targeted both early and late stages of the autophagy pathway by activating mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and by disassociating the Beclin 1-Vps34 complex, as well as by inhibiting the formation of autolysosomes, all of which attenuated functional autophagy. Bafilomycin A1 also targeted mitochondria and induced caspase-independent apoptosis by inducing the translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria to the nucleus. Moreover, bafilomycin A1 induced the binding of Beclin 1 to Bcl-2, which further inhibited autophagy and promoted apoptotic cell death. In primary cells from pediatric patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a xenograft model, bafilomycin A1 specifically targeted leukemia cells while sparing normal cells. An in vivo mouse toxicity assay confirmed that bafilomycin A1 is safe. Our data thus suggest that bafilomycin A1 is a promising candidate drug for the treatment of pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Song
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Lin
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinyang Cai
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Suning Chen
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
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Tucci M, Stucci S, Savonarola A, Resta L, Cives M, Rossi R, Silvestris F. An imbalance between Beclin-1 and p62 expression promotes the proliferation of myeloma cells through autophagy regulation. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:897-908.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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50
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Wang Y, Wang W, Li D, Li M, Wang P, Wen J, Liang M, Su B, Yin Y. IGF-1 alleviates NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons against autophagy via the NR2B/PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1618-29. [PMID: 24604717 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a brain-specific multifunctional protein involved in neuronal polarity and axonal guidance. Mature IGF-1 triggers three enzymes, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and phosphoinositide phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ), which are its predominant downstream regulators. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway is upstream of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is of great importance in the induction of autophagy. However, whether the neuroprotective effect of IGF-1 against excitotoxicity is mediated by autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway remains to be elucidated. The induction of autophagy following NMDA treatment was determined by microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) conversion and the result of this autophagy was assessed by monitoring the cleavage of caspase 3 in cultured hippocampal neurons. Cell viability was determined using MTT and LDH assay, and PI-staining was used to estimate the fate of autophagy and the protective effect of IGF-1. In addition, IGF-1 was found to decrease autophagy induced by NMDA using transmission electron microscopy and MDC staining. The protective effect of IGF-1 against autophagy was accompanied with up-regulation of phospho-AKT (p-AKT) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR), which was blocked by the inhibitor of PI3K. At the same time, the activation of NR2B resulting in the down-regulation of p-AKT and p-mTOR was blocked by IGF-1. Together, these data suggest that NMDA induces the autophagy, followed by apoptosis in cultured hippocampal neurons, and that IGF-1 can block this effect via inhibition of NR2B receptors and activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China; Department of Spine Surgery, Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration of Harbin Medical University, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Hei Long Jiang Province, P.R. China
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