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Xu C, Fang Q, Cui H, Lin Y, Dai C, Li X, Tu P, Cui X. Comparison of the components of fresh Panax notoginseng processed by different methods and their anti-anemia effects on cyclophosphamide-treated mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118148. [PMID: 38583734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional Chinese herb Panax notoginseng (PN) tonifies blood, and its main active ingredient is saponin. PN is processed by different methods, resulting in different compositions and effects. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate changes in the microstructure and composition of fresh PN processed by different techniques and the anti-anemia effects on tumor-bearing BALB/c mice after chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (CTX). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh PN was processed by hot-air drying (raw PN, RPN), steamed at 120 °C for 5 h (steamed PN, SPN), or fried at 130 °C, 160 °C, or 200 °C for 8 min (fried PN, FPN1, FPN2, or FPN3, respectively); then, the microstructures were compared with 3D optical microscopy, quasi-targeted metabolites were detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS), and saponins were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An anemic mouse model was established by subcutaneous H22 cell injection and treatment with CTX. The antianemia effects of PN after processing via three methods were investigated by measuring peripheral blood parameters, performing HE staining and measuring cell proliferation via immunofluorescence. RESULTS 3D optical profiling revealed that the surface roughness of the SPN and FPN was greater than that of the other materials. Quasi-targeted metabolomics revealed that SPN and FPN had more differentially abundant metabolites whose abundance increased, while SPN had greater amounts of terpenoids and flavones. Analysis of the composition and content of the targeted saponins revealed that the contents of rare saponins (ginsenoside Rh1, 20(S)-Rg3, 20(R)-Rg3, Rh4, Rk3, Rg5) were greater in the SPN. In animal experiments, the RBC, WBC, HGB and HCT levels in peripheral blood were increased by SPN and FPN. HE staining and immunofluorescence showed that H-SPN and M-FPN promoted bone marrow and spleen cell proliferation. CONCLUSION The microstructure and components of fresh PN differed after processing via different methods. SPN and FPN ameliorated CTX-induced anemia in mice, but the effects of PN processed by these two methods did not differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qionglian Fang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hao Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yameng Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chunyan Dai
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiaoxun Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650500, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China; Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Panax Notoginseng Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
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2
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Li FJ, Abudureyimu M, Zhang ZH, Tao J, Ceylan AF, Lin J, Yu W, Reiter RJ, Ashrafizadeh M, Guo J, Ren J. Inhibition of ER stress using tauroursodeoxycholic acid rescues obesity-evoked cardiac remodeling and contractile anomalies through regulation of ferroptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111104. [PMID: 38906502 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Interrupted ER homeostasis contributes to the etiology of obesity cardiomyopathy although it remains elusive how ER stress evokes cardiac anomalies in obesity. Our study evaluated the impact of ER stress inhibition on cardiac anomalies in obesity. Lean and ob/ob obese mice received chemical ER chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA, 50 mg/kg/d, p.o.) for 35 days prior to evaluation of glucose sensitivity, echocardiographic, myocardial geometric, cardiomyocyte mechanical and subcellular Ca2+ property, mitochondrial integrity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. Intracellular Ca2+ governing domains including sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) were monitored by45Ca2+uptake and immunoblotting. Our results noted that TUDCA alleviated myocardial remodeling (fibrosis, hypertrophy, enlarged LVESD), echocardiographic anomalies (compromised fractional shortening and ejection fraction), cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction (amplitude and velocity of cell shortening, relengthening time) and intracellular Ca2+ anomalies (compromised subcellular Ca2+ release, clearance and SERCA function), mitochondrial damage (collapsed membrane potential, downregulated mitochondrial elements and ultrastructural alteration), ER stress (GRP78, eIF2α and ATF4), oxidative stress, apoptosis and ferroptosis [downregulated SLC7A11, GPx4 and upregulated transferrin receptor (TFRC)] without affecting global glucose sensitivity and serum Fe2+ in obese mice. Obesity-evoked change in HSP90, phospholamban and Na+-Ca2+ exchanger was spared by the chemical ER chaperone. Moreover, in vitro results noted that TUDCA, PERK inhibitor GSK2606414, TFRC neutralizing antibody and ferroptosis inhibitor LIP1 mitigated palmitic acid-elicited changes in lipid peroxidation and mechanical function. Our findings favored a role for ferroptosis in obesity cardiomyopathy downstream of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Juan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510660, China
| | - Miyesaier Abudureyimu
- Cardiovascular Department, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zeng-Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510660, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Asli F Ceylan
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of General Surgery and Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510660, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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3
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Yi W, Zhang J, Huang Y, Zhan Q, Zou M, Cheng X, Zhang X, Yin Z, Tao S, Cheng H, Wang F, Guo J, Ju Z, Chen Z. Ferritin-mediated mitochondrial iron homeostasis is essential for the survival of hematopoietic stem cells and leukemic stem cells. Leukemia 2024; 38:1003-1018. [PMID: 38402368 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Iron metabolism plays a crucial role in cell viability, but its relationship with adult stem cells and cancer stem cells is not fully understood. The ferritin complex, responsible for intracellular iron storage, is important in this process. We report that conditional deletion of ferritin heavy chain 1 (Fth1) in the hematopoietic system reduced the number and repopulation capacity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These effects were associated with a decrease in cellular iron level, leading to impaired mitochondrial function and the initiation of apoptosis. Iron supplementation, antioxidant, and apoptosis inhibitors reversed the reduced cell viability of Fth1-deleted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Importantly, leukemic stem cells (LSCs) derived from MLL-AF9-induced acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mice exhibited reduced Fth1 expression, rendering them more susceptible to apoptosis induced by the iron chelation compared to normal HSPCs. Modulating FTH1 expression using mono-methyl fumarate increased LSCs resistance to iron chelator-induced apoptosis. Additionally, iron supplementation, antioxidant, and apoptosis inhibitors protected LSCs from iron chelator-induced cell death. Fth1 deletion also extended the survival of AML mice. These findings unveil a novel mechanism by which ferritin-mediated iron homeostasis regulates the survival of both HSCs and LSCs, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for blood cancer with iron dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yi
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Mi Zou
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Health Science Center (School of Medicine), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Si Tao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Yu Y, Su Y, Yang S, Liu Y, Lin Z, Das NK, Wu Q, Zhou J, Sun S, Li X, Yue W, Shah YM, Min J, Wang F. Activation of Intestinal HIF2α Ameliorates Iron-Refractory Anemia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307022. [PMID: 38243847 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
In clinics, hepcidin levels are elevated in various anemia-related conditions, particularly in iron-refractory anemia and in high inflammatory states that suppress iron absorption, which remains an urgent unmet medical need. To identify effective treatment options for various types of iron-refractory anemia, the potential effect of hypoxia and pharmacologically-mimetic drug FG-4592 (Roxadustat) are evaluated, a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor, on mouse models of iron-refractory iron-deficiency anemia (IRIDA), anemia of inflammation and 5-fluorouracil-induced chemotherapy-related anemia. The potent protective effects of both hypoxia and FG-4592 on IRIDA as well as other 2 tested mouse cohorts are found. Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that hypoxia or FG-4592 could stabilize duodenal Hif2α, leading to the activation of Fpn transcription regardless of hepcidin levels, which in turn results in increased intestinal iron absorption and the amelioration of hepcidin-activated anemias. Moreover, duodenal Hif2α overexpression fully rescues phenotypes of Tmprss6 knockout mice, and Hif2α knockout in the gut significantly delays the recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced anemia, which can not be rescued by FG-4592 treatment. Taken together, the findings of this study provide compelling evidence that targeting intestinal hypoxia-related pathways can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating a broad spectrum of anemia, especially iron refractory anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yunxing Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiting Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Nupur K Das
- Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Qian Wu
- International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shumin Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wuyang Yue
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
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Yuan Q, Fang Y, Guo J, Zhang Z, Liao J, Kuang J. Therapeutic potential and mechanisms of Rifaximin in ameliorating iron overload-induced ferroptosis and liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116845. [PMID: 38331104 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis could progress to liver cirrhosis with several contributing factors, one being iron overload which triggers ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death. Rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic, has shown promise in mitigating fibrosis, primarily by modulating gut microbiota. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of rifaximin on iron overload-related hepatic fibrosis and ferroptosis. In an iron overload-induced liver fibrosis model in mice and in ferric ammonium citrate (FAC)-stimulated primary hepatocytes, treatment with rifaximin showed significant therapeutic effects. Specifically, it ameliorated the processes of ferroptosis triggered by iron overload, reduced liver injury, and alleviated fibrosis. This was demonstrated by decreased iron accumulation in the liver, improved liver function, and reduced fibrotic area and collagen deposition. Rifaximin also modulated key proteins related to iron homeostasis and ferroptosis, including reduced expression of TFR1, a protein facilitating cellular iron uptake, and increased expression of Fpn and FTH, proteins involved in iron export and storage. In the context of oxidative stress, rifaximin treatment led to a decrease in lipid peroxidation, evidenced by reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and an increase in the reduced glutathione (GSH) and decrease in oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Notably, rifaximin's potential functions were associated with the TGF-β pathway, evidenced by suppressed Tgfb1 protein levels and ratios of phosphorylated to total Smad2 and Smad3, whereas increased Smad7 phosphorylation. These findings indicate rifaximin's therapeutic potential in managing liver fibrosis by modulating the TGF-β pathway and reducing iron overload-induced damage. Further research is required to confirm these results and explore their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yuan
- Department of Hepatopathy, The Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Hepatopathy, The Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China.
| | - Jingyun Guo
- Department of Hepatopathy, The Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatopathy, The Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Jinmao Liao
- Department of Hepatopathy, The Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Jia Kuang
- Department of Hepatopathy, The Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
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Yang F, Cui X, Wang H, Zhang D, Luo S, Li Y, Dai Y, Yang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Zheng G, Zhang X. Iron overload promotes the progression of MLL-AF9 induced acute myeloid leukemia by upregulation of FOS. Cancer Lett 2024; 583:216652. [PMID: 38242196 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Systemic iron overload is a common clinical challenge leading to significantly serious complications in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which affects both the quality of life and the overall survival of patients. Symptoms can be relieved after iron chelation therapy in clinical practice. However, the roles and mechanisms of iron overload on the initiation and progression of leukemia remain elusive. Here we studied the correlation between iron overload and AML clinical outcome, and further explored the role and pathophysiologic mechanism of iron overload in AML by using two mouse models: an iron overload MLL-AF9-induced AML mouse model and a nude xenograft mouse model. Patients with AML had an increased ferritin level, particularly in the myelomonocytic (M4) or monocytic (M5) subtypes. High level of iron expression correlated with a worsened prognosis in AML patients and a shortened survival time in AML mice. Furthermore, iron overload increased the tumor load in the bone marrow (BM) and extramedullary tissues by promoting the proliferation of leukemia cells through the upregulation of FOS. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the roles of iron overload in AML. Additionally, this study may provide a potential therapeutic target to improve the outcome of AML patients and a rationale for the prospective evaluation of iron chelation therapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yang
- Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xiaoxi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Dongyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Shulin Luo
- Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yibo Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xiuqun Zhang
- Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Lina Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Guoguang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
| | - Xuezhong Zhang
- Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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7
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Galy B, Conrad M, Muckenthaler M. Mechanisms controlling cellular and systemic iron homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:133-155. [PMID: 37783783 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, hundreds of proteins use iron in a multitude of cellular functions, including vital processes such as mitochondrial respiration, gene regulation and DNA synthesis or repair. Highly orchestrated regulatory systems control cellular and systemic iron fluxes ensuring sufficient iron delivery to target proteins is maintained, while limiting its potentially deleterious effects in iron-mediated oxidative cell damage and ferroptosis. In this Review, we discuss how cells acquire, traffick and export iron and how stored iron is mobilized for iron-sulfur cluster and haem biogenesis. Furthermore, we describe how these cellular processes are fine-tuned by the combination of various sensory and regulatory systems, such as the iron-regulatory protein (IRP)-iron-responsive element (IRE) network, the nuclear receptor co-activator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy pathway, the prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)-hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) axis or the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) regulatory hub. We further describe how these pathways interact with systemic iron homeostasis control through the hepcidin-ferroportin axis to ensure appropriate iron fluxes. This knowledge is key for the identification of novel therapeutic opportunities to prevent diseases of cellular and/or systemic iron mismanagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Galy
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Virus-associated Carcinogenesis (F170), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martina Muckenthaler
- Department of Paediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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8
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Aba Ü, Maslak İC, İpşir C, Pehlivan D, Warnock NI, Tumes DJ, Cildir G, Erman B. A Novel Homozygous Germline Mutation in Transferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1) Leads to Combined Immunodeficiency and Provides New Insights into Iron-Immunity Axis. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:55. [PMID: 38270687 PMCID: PMC10811203 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
A homozygous missense mutation in the transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), also known as CD71, leads to a rare inborn error of immunity (IEI) characterized by the impaired lymphocyte activation and proliferation due to defective iron uptake of cells. However, only one causative mutation (c.58T > C, p.Y20H) in the TFRC gene coding for TfR1 has been reported so far. We herein identified a new disease-causing homozygous germline mutation in the TFRC gene (c.64C > T, p.R22W) (referred to as TfR1R22W from now on) in a Turkish patient with combined immunodeficiency (CID). TfR1R22W results in impaired TfR1 internalization similar to previously defined TfR1Y20H mutation. We found that TfR1R22W is associated with severely restricted B and T lymphocyte clonal diversity and impaired T cell activation and cytokine production as well as defective mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in helper T cells. In addition, circulating NK, Treg, and MAIT cell populations were significantly decreased in the patient. Using whole transcriptome analysis, we found dysregulated immune homeostasis and novel biological processes associated with TfR1R22W. We also identified a considerable expansion of circulating low-density neutrophils (LDNs) in patient's PBMCs. Overall, TfR1R22W mutation expands the current understanding of the IEI associated with TfR1 dysfunction and provides new insights underlying impaired immune function, lymphocyte diversity, and granulocyte homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümran Aba
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Can Sucak Research Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - İbrahim Cemal Maslak
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Canberk İpşir
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Can Sucak Research Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Damla Pehlivan
- Can Sucak Research Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Nicholas I Warnock
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Gökhan Cildir
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- UniSA Bradley Building, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
| | - Baran Erman
- Can Sucak Research Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Beytepe Campus of Hacettepe University, HUNITEK Building, Floor 1, 06800, Ankara, Türkiye.
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9
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Tseng YJ, Kageyama Y, Murdaugh RL, Kitano A, Kim JH, Hoegenauer KA, Tiessen J, Smith MH, Uryu H, Takahashi K, Martin JF, Samee MAH, Nakada D. Increased iron uptake by splenic hematopoietic stem cells promotes TET2-dependent erythroid regeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:538. [PMID: 38225226 PMCID: PMC10789814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are capable of regenerating the blood system, but the instructive cues that direct HSCs to regenerate particular lineages lost to the injury remain elusive. Here, we show that iron is increasingly taken up by HSCs during anemia and induces erythroid gene expression and regeneration in a Tet2-dependent manner. Lineage tracing of HSCs reveals that HSCs respond to hemolytic anemia by increasing erythroid output. The number of HSCs in the spleen, but not bone marrow, increases upon anemia and these HSCs exhibit enhanced proliferation, erythroid differentiation, iron uptake, and TET2 protein expression. Increased iron in HSCs promotes DNA demethylation and expression of erythroid genes. Suppressing iron uptake or TET2 expression impairs erythroid genes expression and erythroid differentiation of HSCs; iron supplementation, however, augments these processes. These results establish that the physiological level of iron taken up by HSCs has an instructive role in promoting erythroid-biased differentiation of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jung Tseng
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuki Kageyama
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rebecca L Murdaugh
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ayumi Kitano
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jong Hwan Kim
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kevin A Hoegenauer
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan Tiessen
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mackenzie H Smith
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hidetaka Uryu
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Koichi Takahashi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - James F Martin
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Md Abul Hassan Samee
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daisuke Nakada
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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10
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Helman SL, Wilkins SJ, Chan JCJ, Hartel G, Wallace DF, Anderson GJ, Frazer DM. A Decrease in Maternal Iron Levels Is the Predominant Factor Suppressing Hepcidin during Pregnancy in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14379. [PMID: 37762679 PMCID: PMC10532249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to supply adequate iron during pregnancy, the levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin in the maternal circulation are suppressed, thereby increasing dietary iron absorption and storage iron release. Whether this decrease in maternal hepcidin is caused by changes in factors known to regulate hepcidin expression, or by other unidentified pregnancy factors, is not known. To investigate this, we examined iron parameters during pregnancy in mice. We observed that hepatic iron stores and transferrin saturation, both established regulators of hepcidin production, were decreased in mid and late pregnancy in normal and iron loaded dams, indicating an increase in iron utilization. This can be explained by a significant increase in maternal erythropoiesis, a known suppressor of hepcidin production, by mid-pregnancy, as indicated by an elevation in circulating erythropoietin and an increase in spleen size and splenic iron uptake. Iron utilization increased further in late pregnancy due to elevated fetal iron demand. By increasing maternal iron levels in late gestation, we were able to stimulate the expression of the gene encoding hepcidin, suggesting that the iron status of the mother is the predominant factor influencing hepcidin levels during pregnancy. Our data indicate that pregnancy-induced hepcidin suppression likely occurs because of reductions in maternal iron reserves due to increased iron requirements, which predominantly reflect stimulated erythropoiesis in mid-gestation and increased fetal iron requirements in late gestation, and that there is no need to invoke other factors, including novel pregnancy factor(s), to explain these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan L. Helman
- Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.L.H.); (J.C.J.C.)
| | - Sarah J. Wilkins
- Iron Metabolism Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia (G.J.A.)
| | - Jennifer C. J. Chan
- Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.L.H.); (J.C.J.C.)
| | - Gunter Hartel
- Statistics Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Daniel F. Wallace
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
| | - Gregory J. Anderson
- Iron Metabolism Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia (G.J.A.)
| | - David M. Frazer
- Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.L.H.); (J.C.J.C.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point, QLD 4000, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
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11
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Yap J, Yuan J, Ng WH, Chen GB, Sim YRM, Goh KC, Teo J, Lim TYH, Goay SM, Teo JHJ, Lao Z, Lam P, Sabapathy K, Hu J. BRAF(V600E) mutation together with loss of Trp53 or pTEN drives the origination of hairy cell leukemia from B-lymphocytes. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:125. [PMID: 37543582 PMCID: PMC10403926 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a B-lymphoma induced by BRAF(V600E) mutation. However, introducing BRAF(V600E) in B-lymphocytes fails to induce hematological malignancy, suggesting that BRAF(V600E) needs concurrent mutations to drive HCL ontogeny. To resolve this issue, here we surveyed human HCL genomic sequencing data. Together with previous reports, we speculated that the tumor suppressor TP53, P27, or PTEN restrict the oncogenicity of BRAF(V600E) in B-lymphocytes, and therefore that their loss-of-function facilitates BRAF(V600E)-driven HCL ontogeny. Using genetically modified mouse models, we demonstrate that indeed BRAF(V600E)KI together with Trp53KO or pTENKO in B-lymphocytes induces chronic lymphoma with pathological features of human HCL. To further understand the cellular programs essential for HCL ontogeny, we profiled the gene expression of leukemic cells isolated from BRAF(V600E)KI and Trp53KO or pTENKO mice, and found that they had similar but different gene expression signatures that resemble that of M2 or M1 macrophages. In addition, we examined the expression signature of transcription factors/regulators required for germinal center reaction and memory B cell versus plasma cell differentiation in these leukemic cells and found that most transcription factors/regulators essential for these programs were severely inhibited, illustrating why hairy cells are arrested at a transitional stage between activated B cells and memory B cells. Together, our study has uncovered concurrent mutations required for HCL ontogeny, revealed the B cell origin of hairy cells and investigated the molecular basis underlying the unique pathological features of the disease, with important implications for HCL research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Yap
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jimin Yuan
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Geriatric Department, The Second Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Wan Hwa Ng
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gao Bin Chen
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuen Rong M Sim
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kah Chun Goh
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joey Teo
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Trixie Y H Lim
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shee Min Goay
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Hao Jackie Teo
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhentang Lao
- Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Blk7 Outram Road, 169608, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paula Lam
- Cancer and Stem Cell Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore, Singapore
- Cellvec Pte. Ltd, 100 Pasir Panjang Road, 118518, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kanaga Sabapathy
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiancheng Hu
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore, Singapore.
- Cancer and Stem Cell Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore, Singapore.
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12
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Banerjee S, Datta R. Localized Leishmania major infection disrupts systemic iron homeostasis that can be controlled by oral iron supplementation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105064. [PMID: 37468101 PMCID: PMC10448173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania parasites are heavily dependent on efficient iron acquisition from a tightly regulated host iron pool for survival and virulence. Prior studies uncovered multiple strategies adopted by the parasite to hijack the iron-regulatory network of macrophages. Despite these extensive studies with infected macrophages, there is limited knowledge of the effect of Leishmania infection on systemic iron homeostasis. This issue is particularly relevant for Leishmania major, which causes localized skin infection with minimal lymphatic spread. We show for the first time that L. major infection in the mouse footpad induced influx of iron at the site of infection through blood with simultaneous upregulation of transferrin receptor 1 and downregulation of phagolysosomal iron exporter Nramp1 expression in the footpad tissue. Interestingly, localized L. major infection had far-reaching effects beyond the infection site triggering anemia-like symptoms. This was evident from depleted physiological iron stores from the liver and bone marrow as well as reduced hemoglobin levels and deformed erythrocytes. The infected mice also developed splenomegaly with signs of splenic stress erythropoiesis as indicated by upregulation of several erythroid-related genes. These observations prompted us to provide oral iron supplementations to the L. major-infected mice, which resulted in a drastic reduction of the parasite load and restoration of iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupak Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.
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13
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Djulejic V, Petrovic B, Jevtic J, Vujacic M, Clarke BL, Cirovic A, Cirovic A. The role of cadmium in the pathogenesis of myeloid leukemia in individuals with anemia, deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and low calcium dietary intake. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127263. [PMID: 37499549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and low calcium diet are frequent health problems with severe long- term consequences. Upon absorption from the duodenum, cadmium binds to transferrin, and cells with the highest density of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) take up the majority of the circulating cadmium. Nowadays, it is clear that individuals with iron deficiency anemia have increased blood levels of cadmium because of higher absorption rate, mediated by divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). However, the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 6 (TRPV6), known as a calcium carrier, is able to bind and transport cadmium as well. In the case of low calcium diet or vitamin D deficiency, TRPV6 may be overexpressed in the intestine and kidney tubules and absorbs (re-uptake in the case of renal tubules) cadmium in larger quantities, resulting in an increased cadmium blood levels. We speculate that the final event in the case of low calcium dietary diet and/or vitamin D deficiency is similar to what is observed in the case of iron deficiency, that cells with the highest levels of TfR1 (for example, megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors and pro-erythroblasts) take up most of the circulating cadmium, which is powerful malignancy inductor, leading to appearance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Djulejic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Petrovic
- Institute for Orthopedic Surgery "Banjica", Mihaila Avramovića 28, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Jevtic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Vujacic
- Institute for Orthopedic Surgery "Banjica", Mihaila Avramovića 28, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bart L Clarke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ana Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia.
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14
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He X, Ge C, Xia J, Xia Z, Zhao L, Huang S, Wang R, Pan J, Cheng T, Xu PF, Wang F, Min J. The Zinc Transporter SLC39A10 Plays an Essential Role in Embryonic Hematopoiesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205345. [PMID: 37068188 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of zinc in hematopoiesis is currently unclear. Here, SLC39A10 (ZIP10) is identified as a key zinc transporter in hematopoiesis. The results show that in zebrafish, Slc39a10 is a key regulator of the response to zinc deficiency. Surprisingly, both slc39a10 mutant zebrafish and hematopoietic Slc39a10-deficient mice develop a more severe form of impaired hematopoiesis than animals lacking transferrin receptor 1, a well-characterized iron gatekeeper, indicating that zinc plays a larger role than iron in hematopoiesis, at least in early hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Furthermore, it is shown that loss of Slc39a10 causes zinc deficiency in fetal HSCs, which in turn leads to DNA damage, apoptosis, and G1 cell cycle arrest. Notably, zinc supplementation largely restores colony formation in HSCs derived from hematopoietic Slc39a10-deficient mice. In addition, inhibiting necroptosis partially restores hematopoiesis in mouse HSCs, providing mechanistic insights into the requirement for zinc in mediating hematopoiesis. Together, these findings indicate that SLC39A10 safeguards hematopoiesis by protecting against zinc deficiency-induced necroptosis, thus providing compelling evidence that SLC39A10 and zinc homeostasis promote the development of fetal HSCs. Moreover, these results suggest that SLC39A10 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for treating anemia and zinc deficiency-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, China
| | - Chaodong Ge
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology,Institute of Zoology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidan Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sicong Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Women's Hospital, and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Women's Hospital, and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Lyu T, Li X, Song Y. Ferroptosis in acute leukemia. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:886-898. [PMID: 37010259 PMCID: PMC10278762 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death pathway that is different from apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necrosis. The main characteristics of ferroptosis are the Fenton reaction mediated by intracellular free divalent iron ions, lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids, and inhibition of the anti-lipid peroxidation activity of intracellular glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis can be involved in the pathological processes of many disorders, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, nervous system diseases, and blood diseases. However, the specific mechanisms by which ferroptosis participates in the occurrence and development of acute leukemia still need to be more fully and deeply studied. This article reviews the characteristics of ferroptosis and the regulatory mechanisms promoting or inhibiting ferroptosis. More importantly, it further discusses the role of ferroptosis in acute leukemia and predicts a change in treatment strategy brought about by increased knowledge of the role of ferroptosis in acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Lyu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Xudong Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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16
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Pecquet C, Papadopoulos N, Balligand T, Chachoua I, Tisserand A, Vertenoeil G, Nédélec A, Vertommen D, Roy A, Marty C, Nivarthi H, Defour JP, El-Khoury M, Hug E, Majoros A, Xu E, Zagrijtschuk O, Fertig TE, Marta DS, Gisslinger H, Gisslinger B, Schalling M, Casetti I, Rumi E, Pietra D, Cavalloni C, Arcaini L, Cazzola M, Komatsu N, Kihara Y, Sunami Y, Edahiro Y, Araki M, Lesyk R, Buxhofer-Ausch V, Heibl S, Pasquier F, Havelange V, Plo I, Vainchenker W, Kralovics R, Constantinescu SN. Secreted mutant calreticulins as rogue cytokines in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood 2023; 141:917-929. [PMID: 36356299 PMCID: PMC10651872 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant calreticulin (CALR) proteins resulting from a -1/+2 frameshifting mutation of the CALR exon 9 carry a novel C-terminal amino acid sequence and drive the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Mutant CALRs were shown to interact with and activate the thrombopoietin receptor (TpoR/MPL) in the same cell. We report that mutant CALR proteins are secreted and can be found in patient plasma at levels up to 160 ng/mL, with a mean of 25.64 ng/mL. Plasma mutant CALR is found in complex with soluble transferrin receptor 1 (sTFR1) that acts as a carrier protein and increases mutant CALR half-life. Recombinant mutant CALR proteins bound and activated the TpoR in cell lines and primary megakaryocytic progenitors from patients with mutated CALR in which they drive thrombopoietin-independent colony formation. Importantly, the CALR-sTFR1 complex remains functional for TpoR activation. By bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assay, we show that mutant CALR proteins produced in 1 cell can specifically interact in trans with the TpoR on a target cell. In comparison with cells that only carry TpoR, cells that carry both TpoR and mutant CALR are hypersensitive to exogenous mutant CALR proteins and respond to levels of mutant CALR proteins similar to those in patient plasma. This is consistent with CALR-mutated cells that expose TpoR carrying immature N-linked sugars at the cell surface. Thus, secreted mutant CALR proteins will act more specifically on the MPN clone. In conclusion, a chaperone, CALR, can turn into a rogue cytokine through somatic mutation of its encoding gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pecquet
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Papadopoulos
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Balligand
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilyas Chachoua
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Amandine Tisserand
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Cité, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gaëlle Vertenoeil
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Nédélec
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Vertommen
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anita Roy
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Marty
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Harini Nivarthi
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-Philippe Defour
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mira El-Khoury
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Eva Hug
- MyeloPro Diagnostics and Research GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Erica Xu
- MyeloPro Diagnostics and Research GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Daciana S. Marta
- Ultrastructural Pathology Lab and Bioimaging, Institute of Pathology Victor Babeș, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Heinz Gisslinger
- Division of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bettina Gisslinger
- Division of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Schalling
- Division of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilaria Casetti
- Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rumi
- Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Pietra
- Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavalloni
- Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Arcaini
- Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Norio Komatsu
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kihara
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sunami
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Edahiro
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marito Araki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Stem Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch
- Department of Internal Medicine I with Hematology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Stem Cell Transplantation Hemostaseology and Medical Oncology, Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Sonja Heibl
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
| | - Florence Pasquier
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Cité, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Hematology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Violaine Havelange
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Hematology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - William Vainchenker
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Robert Kralovics
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan N. Constantinescu
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain and de Duve Institute, SIGN Unit, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
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17
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Li D, Song C, Zhang J, Zhao X. Targeted delivery and apoptosis induction activity of peptide-transferrin targeted mesoporous silica encapsulated resveratrol in MCF-7 cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:49-56. [PMID: 36173891 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resveratrol (Res) was a naturally occurring polyphenol compound. It has various beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer effects. However, the anti-cancer activity was hindered by its low targeting and drug release performance. Thus, we synthesized transferrin-cathepsin B cleavable peptide modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle encapsulated Res (Tf-Res-MSN). METHODS Res was encapsulated in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), which was a kind of drug carrier complex. Tf was modified to recognize the cancer cells. Cathepsin B cleavable peptide (Pep) was used to combine Res-MSN complex and Tf to construct the final product. Pep was used as linker and trigger for Res release. KEY FINDINGS The smart nanocarriers were increased the drug release performance of Res in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. The physicochemical properties of Tf-Res-MSN were assessed by zeta potential, UV-Prove, diffraction scanning calorimetry (DSC), nitrogen physisorption analysis and transmission electron microscope (TEM). MTT assay, AO and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining were performed to explore the anti-tumour activity of Tf-Res-MSN. The results showed that Tf-Res-MSN significantly decreased cell viability and increased cell apoptosis. The inhibition rate and apoptotic rate of Tf-Res-MSN in MCF-7 cells were 95.75% and 80.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that Tf-Res-MSN was a valuable technique with potential value in breast cancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengzhu Song
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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18
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Fisher AL, Wang CY, Xu Y, Joachim K, Xiao X, Phillips S, Moschetta GA, Alfaro-Magallanes VM, Babitt JL. Functional role of endothelial transferrin receptor 1 in iron sensing and homeostasis. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:1548-1559. [PMID: 36069607 PMCID: PMC9662186 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Systemic iron homeostasis is regulated by the hepatic hormone hepcidin to balance meeting iron requirements while limiting toxicity from iron excess. Iron-mediated induction of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 6 is a central mechanism for regulating hepcidin production. Liver endothelial cells (LECs) are the main source of endogenous BMP6, but how they sense iron to modulate BMP6 transcription and thereby hepcidin is uncertain. Here, we investigate the role of endothelial cell transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) in iron uptake, BMP6 regulation, and systemic iron homeostasis using primary LEC cultures and endothelial Tfrc (encoding TFR1) knockout mice. We show that intracellular iron regulates Bmp6 expression in a cell-autonomous manner, and TFR1 mediates iron uptake and Bmp6 expression by holo-transferrin in primary LEC cultures. In addition, endothelial Tfrc knockout mice exhibit altered iron homeostasis compared with littermate controls when fed a limited iron diet, as evidenced by increased liver iron and inappropriately low Bmp6 and hepcidin expression relative to liver iron. However, endothelial Tfrc knockout mice have a similar iron phenotype compared to littermate controls when fed an iron-rich standard diet. Finally, ferritin and non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI) are additional sources of iron that mediate Bmp6 induction in primary LEC cultures via TFR1-independent mechanisms. Together, our data demonstrate a minor functional role for endothelial cell TFR1 in iron uptake, BMP6 regulation, and hepatocyte hepcidin regulation under iron limiting conditions, and suggest that ferritin and/or NTBI uptake by other transporters have a dominant role when iron availability is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Fisher
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Chia-yu Wang
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yang Xu
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kole Joachim
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Xia Xiao
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sydney Phillips
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gillian A Moschetta
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Victor M Alfaro-Magallanes
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jodie L Babitt
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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19
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Niu J, Wan X, Yu GY, Jiang S, Yi RN, Wu YP, Ouyang SH, Liang L, Kurihara H, Sun WY, Zhu XF, Zhang RH, Cao YF, He JB, Duan WJ, Li YF, He RR. Phospholipid peroxidation-driven modification of chondrogenic transcription factor mediates alkoxyl radicals-induced impairment of embryonic bone development. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102437. [PMID: 36037588 PMCID: PMC9440361 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal stress has been associated with poor birth outcomes, including preterm birth, infant mortality, and low birth weight. Bone development disorders in the embryo as a result of maternal stress are believed to be mediated through oxidative stress damage. Various species of free radicals, such as alkoxyl radicals, can be formed through endogenous redox response or exogenous stimuli in the womb and transmitted to embryos. Yet, whether these free radicals lead to abnormal fetal bone development is unclear. Here, we demonstrate prenatal bone growth retardation and ferroptosis-related signals of chondrocytes were induced by classic alkoxyl radical generators. We also show that alkoxyl radicals lead to significant accumulation of oxidized phospholipids in chondrocytes, through the iron-mediated Fenton reaction in embryos. We further demonstrate a role for the lipid peroxidation end product, 4-HNE, which forms adducts with the pivotal chondrogenesis transcription factor SOX9, leading to its degradation, therefore dampening chondrogenesis. Our data define a critical role for phospholipid peroxidation in alkoxyl radicals-evoked abnormal chondrogenesis, and pinpoint it being a precise target for treating oxidative stress-related bone development disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Niu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou, 516025, China
| | - Gui-Yuan Yu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Yi
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China
| | - Shu-Hua Ouyang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China
| | - Wan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rong-Hua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yun-Feng Cao
- Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China; Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, ShangHai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Bo He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China.
| | - Wen-Jun Duan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China.
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Joint Laboratory of Dalian Runsheng Kangtai and Jinan University, Jinan University, China.
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20
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Fernández-García V, González-Ramos S, Martín-Sanz P, Castrillo A, Boscá L. Unraveling the interplay between iron homeostasis, ferroptosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106386. [PMID: 35933006 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Iron participates in myriad processes necessary to sustain life. During the past decades, great efforts have been made to understand iron regulation and function in health and disease. Indeed, iron is associated with both physiological (e.g., immune cell biology and function and hematopoiesis) and pathological (e.g., inflammatory and infectious diseases, ferroptosis and ferritinophagy) processes, yet few studies have addressed the potential functional link between iron, the aforementioned processes and extramedullary hematopoiesis, despite the obvious benefits that this could bring to clinical practice. Further investigation in this direction will shape the future development of individualized treatments for iron-linked diseases and chronic inflammatory disorders, including extramedullary hematopoiesis, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fernández-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Silvia González-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
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21
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Singh S, Serwer L, DuPage A, Elkins K, Chauhan N, Ravn M, Buchanan F, Wang L, Krimm M, Wong K, Sagert J, Tipton K, Moore SJ, Huang Y, Jang A, Ureno E, Miller A, Patrick S, Duvur S, Liu S, Vasiljeva O, Li Y, Henriques T, Badagnani I, Jeffries S, Schleyer S, Leanna R, Krebber C, Viswanathan S, Desnoyers L, Terrett J, Belvin M, Morgan-Lappe S, Kavanaugh WM, Richardson J. Nonclinical Efficacy and Safety of CX-2029, an Anti-CD71 Probody-Drug Conjugate. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1326-1336. [PMID: 35666803 PMCID: PMC9662867 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Probody therapeutics (Pb-Txs) are conditionally activated antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) designed to remain inactive until proteolytically activated in the tumor microenvironment, enabling safer targeting of antigens expressed in both tumor and normal tissue. Previous attempts to target CD71, a highly expressed tumor antigen, have failed to establish an acceptable therapeutic window due to widespread normal tissue expression. This study evaluated whether a probody-drug conjugate targeting CD71 can demonstrate a favorable efficacy and tolerability profile in preclinical studies for the treatment of cancer. CX-2029, a Pb-Tx conjugated to maleimido-caproyl-valine-citrulline-p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl-monomethyl auristatin E, was developed as a novel cancer therapeutic targeting CD71. Preclinical studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this anti-CD71 PDC in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models and cynomolgus monkeys, respectively. CD71 expression was detected at high levels by IHC across a broad range of tumor and normal tissues. In vitro, the masked Pb-Tx form of the anti-CD71 PDC displayed a >50-fold reduced affinity for binding to CD71 on cells compared with protease-activated, unmasked anti-CD71 PDC. Potent in vivo tumor growth inhibition (stasis or regression) was observed in >80% of PDX models (28/34) at 3 or 6 mg/kg. Anti-CD71 PDC remained mostly masked (>80%) in circulation throughout dosing in cynomolgus monkeys at 2, 6, and 12 mg/kg and displayed a 10-fold improvement in tolerability compared with an anti-CD71 ADC, which was lethal. Preclinically, anti-CD71 PDC exhibits a highly efficacious and acceptable safety profile that demonstrates the utility of the Pb-Tx platform to target CD71, an otherwise undruggable target. These data support further clinical development of the anti-CD71 PDC CX-2029 as a novel cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Singh
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Laura Serwer
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Amy DuPage
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Kristi Elkins
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | - Leyu Wang
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael Krimm
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Ken Wong
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Jason Sagert
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Yuanhui Huang
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew Jang
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Eric Ureno
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Adam Miller
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Sarah Patrick
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Shanti Duvur
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Shouchun Liu
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Olga Vasiljeva
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Siew Schleyer
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Claus Krebber
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Luc Desnoyers
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Marcia Belvin
- CytomX Therapeutics, Inc, South San Francisco, California
- Corresponding Author: Marcia Belvin, CytomX Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080. Phone: (650)-892-9803; E-mail:
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22
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Plett C, Klauer LK, Amberger DC, Ugur S, Rabe A, Stankova Z, Deen D, Hirn-Lopez A, Gunsilius C, Werner JO, Schmohl J, Krämer D, Rank A, Schmid C, Schmetzer HM. Immunomodulatory kits generating leukaemia derived dendritic cells do not induce blast proliferation ex vivo: IPO-38 as a novel marker to quantify proliferating blasts in acute myeloid leukaemia. Clin Immunol 2022; 242:109083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Das BK, Wang L, Fujiwara T, Zhou J, Aykin-Burns N, Krager KJ, Lan R, Mackintosh SG, Edmondson R, Jennings ML, Wang X, Feng JQ, Barrientos T, Gogoi J, Kannan A, Gao L, Xing W, Mohan S, Zhao H. Transferrin receptor 1-mediated iron uptake regulates bone mass in mice via osteoclast mitochondria and cytoskeleton. eLife 2022; 11:73539. [PMID: 35758636 PMCID: PMC9352353 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased intracellular iron spurs mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration to satisfy high-energy demand during osteoclast differentiation and bone-resorbing activities. Transferrin receptor 1 (Tfr1) mediates cellular iron uptake through endocytosis of iron-loaded transferrin, and its expression increases during osteoclast differentiation. Nonetheless, the precise functions of Tfr1 and Tfr1-mediated iron uptake in osteoclast biology and skeletal homeostasis remain incompletely understood. To investigate the role of Tfr1 in osteoclast lineage cells in vivo and in vitro, we crossed Tfrc (encoding Tfr1)-floxed mice with Lyz2 (LysM)-Cre and Cathepsin K (Ctsk)-Cre mice to generate Tfrc conditional knockout mice in myeloid osteoclast precursors (Tfr1ΔLysM) or differentiated osteoclasts (Tfr1ΔCtsk), respectively. Skeletal phenotyping by µCT and histology unveiled a significant increase in trabecular bone mass with normal osteoclast number in long bones of 10-week-old young and 6-month-old adult female but not male Tfr1ΔLysM mice. Although high trabecular bone volume in long bones was observed in both male and female Tfr1ΔCtsk mice, this phenotype was more pronounced in female knockout mice. Consistent with this gender-dependent phenomena, estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy decreased trabecular bone mass in Tfr1ΔLysM mice. Mechanistically, disruption of Tfr1 expression attenuated mitochondrial metabolism and cytoskeletal organization in mature osteoclasts in vitro by attenuating mitochondrial respiration and activation of the Src-Rac1-WAVE regulatory complex axis, respectively, leading to decreased bone resorption with little impact on osteoclast differentiation. These results indicate that Tfr1-mediated iron uptake is specifically required for osteoclast function and is indispensable for bone remodeling in a gender-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaba K Das
- Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach, United States
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Toshifumi Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Anhui Medical University, HeFei, China
| | - Nukhet Aykin-Burns
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Kimberly J Krager
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Renny Lan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Samuel G Mackintosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Ricky Edmondson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Michael L Jennings
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Dallas, United States
| | - Jian Q Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Dallas, United States
| | | | - Jyoti Gogoi
- Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach, United States
| | - Aarthi Kannan
- Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach, United States
| | - Ling Gao
- Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach, United States
| | - Weirong Xing
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, United States
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, United States
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach, United States
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24
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Song XY, Liu PC, Liu WW, Zhou J, Hayashi T, Mizuno K, Hattori S, Fujisaki H, Ikejima T. Silibinin inhibits ethanol- or acetaldehyde-induced ferroptosis in liver cell lines. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 82:105388. [PMID: 35595033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease has become one of the main causes of liver injury, and its prevention and cure are important medical tasks. Silibinin, a natural flavonoid glycoside, is a conventional hepatic protectant. This study elucidates the modulation of ferroptosis in silibinin's protective effects on ethanol- or acetaldehyde-induced liver cell damage by using human carcinomatous liver HepG2 cells and immortalized liver HL7702 cells. Our results show that ferroptosis is induced in the cells treated with ethanol or acetaldehyde, as evidenced by the increased ROS stress and iron level. Silibinin resolves the oxidative stress and reduces iron level. Ferroptosis induced by ethanol- or acetaldehyde involving nuclear receptor co-activator 4 (NCOA4)-dependent autophagic degradation of ferritin, a protein for storing iron is rescued by silibinin. PINK1 and Parkin-mediated mitophagy is arrested in ethanol- or acetaldehyde-treated cells but reversed by silibinin. Ferritin degradation and ROS level are further increased when PINK1 or Parkin is silenced in the cells treated with ethanol or acetaldehyde. Collectively, our study reveals that silibinin inhibits ethanol- or acetaldehyde-induced ferroptosis in two liver cell lines, HepG2 and HL7702 cells, providing new therapeutic strategies for alcoholic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Song
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Peng-Cheng Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China; Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakanomachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan; Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China.
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25
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Cirovic A, Cirovic A. Aluminum bone toxicity in infants may be promoted by iron deficiency. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126941. [PMID: 35123368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum has adverse effects on human health. Aluminum is poorly transported from the gastrointestinal tract, but if the load is high, a significant level of aluminum may be absorbed. There are two main sources of aluminum in infants - adapted formulas (when an infant is predominantly fed with it), and vaccines. After aluminum enters the circulation, it binds to transferrin and remains mainly in the skeleton for a longer period of time. Transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) is highly expressed on osteoblast-like cells whereas the number of TfR1 may additionally rise in case of iron deficiency. Since iron deficiency can induce the additional expression of TfR1, a larger quantities of aluminum may be uptaken by osteoblasts and consequently aluminum may decrease the number of osteoblasts and lead peak bone mass (PBM) closer to the osteoporotic threshold. Iron deficiency may potentiate aluminum-induced toxicity to bones. Aluminum burden in infants has always been considered as harmless whereas a potential increased toxicity of aluminum in high-sensitive infants caused by iron deficiency has not been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Dr Subotica 4/2, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandar Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Dr Subotica 4/2, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
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26
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Shmukler BE, Rivera A, Nishimura K, Hsu A, Wohlgemuth JG, Dlott JS, Michael Snyder L, Brugnara C, Alper SL. Erythroid-specific inactivation of Slc12a6/Kcc3 by EpoR promoter-driven Cre expression reduces K-Cl cotransport activity in mouse erythrocytes. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15186. [PMID: 35274823 PMCID: PMC8915159 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of erythrocytes from spontaneous or engineered germ‐line mutant mice has been instrumental in characterizing the physiological functions of components of the red cell cytoskeleton and membrane. However, the red blood cell expresses some proteins whose germline loss‐of‐function is embryonic‐lethal, perinatal‐lethal, or confers reduced post‐weaning viability. Promoter regions of erythroid‐specific genes have been used to engineer erythroid‐specific expression of Cre recombinase. Through breeding with mice carrying appropriately spaced insertions of loxP sequences, generation of erythroid‐specific knockouts has been carried out for signaling enzymes, transcription factors, peptide hormones, and single transmembrane span signaling receptors. We report here the use of Cre recombinase expression driven by the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) promoter to generate EpoR‐Cre;Kcc3f/f mice, designed to express erythroid‐specific knockout of the KCC3 K‐Cl cotransporter encoded by Kcc3/Slc12A6. We confirm KCC3 as the predominant K‐Cl cotransporter of adult mouse red cells in mice with better viability than previously exhibited by Kcc3−/− germline knockouts. We demonstrate roughly proportionate preservation of K‐Cl stimulation by hypotonicity, staurosporine, and urea in the context of reduced, but not abrogated, K‐Cl function in EpoR‐Cre;Kcc3f/f mice. We also report functional evidence suggesting incomplete recombinase‐mediated excision of the Kcc3 gene in adult erythroid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris E Shmukler
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Nishimura
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ann Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Carlo Brugnara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seth L Alper
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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27
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Zhang D, Gao X, Li H, Borger DK, Wei Q, Yang E, Xu C, Pinho S, Frenette PS. The microbiota regulates hematopoietic stem cell fate decisions by controlling iron availability in bone marrow. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:232-247.e7. [PMID: 35065706 PMCID: PMC8818037 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Host microbiota crosstalk is essential for the production and functional modulation of blood-cell lineages. Whether, and if so how, the microbiota influences hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is unclear. Here, we show that the microbiota regulates HSC self-renewal and differentiation under stress conditions by modulating local iron availability in the bone marrow (BM). In microbiota-depleted mice, HSC self-renewal was enhanced during regeneration, while the commitment toward differentiation was dramatically compromised. Mechanistically, microbiota depletion selectively impaired the recycling of red blood cells (RBCs) by BM macrophages, resulting in reduced local iron levels without affecting systemic iron homeostasis. Limiting iron availability in food (in vivo) or in culture (ex vivo), or by CD169+ macrophage depletion, enhanced HSC self-renewal and expansion. These results reveal an intricate interplay between the microbiota, macrophages, and iron, and their essential roles in regulating critical HSC fate decisions under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachuan Zhang
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Xin Gao
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Huihui Li
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Daniel K Borger
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Qiaozhi Wei
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Eva Yang
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Chunliang Xu
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Sandra Pinho
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Paul S Frenette
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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28
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Mestrum SG, Cremers EM, de Wit NC, Drent RJ, Ramaekers FC, Hopman AH, Leers MP. Integration of the Ki-67 proliferation index into the Ogata score improves its diagnostic sensitivity for low-grade myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 2022; 113:106789. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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Zhao H, Lu J, Yan T, Han F, Sun J, Yin X, Chen L, Shen C, Wunderlich M, Yun W, Yang L, Chen L, Su D, Bohlander SK, Wang F, Mulloy JC, Li C, Chen J, Huang H, Jiang X. Opioid receptor signaling suppresses leukemia through both catalytic and non-catalytic functions of TET2. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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30
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Yassin MA, Almasri HA, Al-Tikrity MA, Alsaud AE, Ahmad RW, Babikir MM, Aldwairi MM, Kloub MN, Eisa MS, Attaa RW, Ahmed S, Nashwan AJ, Soliman AT. Neutropenia and Lymphocytopenia Among Arab Females with Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) and their Response to Iron therapy. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2022; 93:e2022235. [PMID: 35775777 PMCID: PMC9335436 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93i3.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
. INTRODUCTION The link between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and neutropenia/ lymphocytopenia is not well established in the literature. This study aims at assessing the prevalence and clinical characteristics of neutropenia and lymphocytopenia in IDA patients considering the impact of iron replacement on the total and differential WBCs' count. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The records of all female patients with IDA who attended our hematology clinic (Jan 2018 to Jan 2020) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with systemic or chronic diseases were excluded. Age, BMI, CBC, and iron parameters were collected before and after IV iron therapy. Results: Out of 1,567 adult females with IDA, 80 patients had leukopenia (5.1%), 64 had neutropenia (4.0%), and 20 had lymphocytopenia (1.2%). After iron therapy, their mean leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes increased significantly to 4.38 ± 1.82 ×103/L, 2.3 ±1.56 ×109/L and 1.76 ± 0.48 ×103/L, respectively. About 67% of women with IDA and neutropenia had increased ANC in response to iron therapy. However, no significant correlation was found between leukocytes, ANC, or lymphocytes with TIBC or serum iron concentration. CONCLUSIONS Neutropenia and/or lymphocytopenia may occur in patients with IDA and are reversible with iron therapy. Iron therapy led to the correction of anemia in 100% and increased ANC in 67%. Therefore, neutropenic women with IDA should be treated, initially only with iron, and observed for their Hb and ANC responses before starting any other treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Yassin
- Hematology-Oncology Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Arwa E. Alsaud
- Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rita W. Ahmad
- Department of Family Medicine, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mona M. Babikir
- Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Mahmoud S. Eisa
- Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruaa W. Attaa
- Department of Family Medicine, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaima Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
- Nursing Department, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ashraf T. Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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31
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Iron deficiency as promoter of heavy metals-induced acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2021; 112:106755. [PMID: 34844140 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) have many adverse effects on human health. Also, iron deficiency anemia and anemia in general are linked with an increased risk of various cancers, particularly blood cancers. It is known that subjects with IDA as well as smokers have elevated blood levels of toxic divalent cations, particularly cadmium (Cd2+) and lead (Pb2+). Cadmium is a proven carcinogen. Most of the circulating cadmium is bound to transferrin and apart from the target organs of cadmium accumulation, kidney and liver, tissues (cells) which highly express transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) may also accumulate high levels of circulating cadmium. Density of TfR1, glycoprotein that is expressed on cell surface, is not uniform in bone marrow cells. Namely, megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors and pro-erythroblasts express TfR1 incomparably more than other cell lines within the bone marrow and we hypothesize that the mentioned cell lines will uptake most of the circulating cadmium and lead, and will consequently be most suitable for malignant transformation. In this review, we discuss in detail the mechanisms involved in accumulation of cadmium in particular cell lines of the bone marrow and the consequent occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
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32
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Iron, Copper, and Zinc Homeostasis: Physiology, Physiopathology, and Nanomediated Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112958. [PMID: 34835722 PMCID: PMC8620808 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of how the human organism functions has preoccupied researchers in medicine for a very long time. While most of the mechanisms are well understood and detailed thoroughly, medicine has yet much to discover. Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), and Zinc (Zn) are elements on which organisms, ranging from simple bacteria all the way to complex ones such as mammals, rely on these divalent ions. Compounded by the continuously evolving biotechnologies, these ions are still relevant today. This review article aims at recapping the mechanisms involved in Fe, Cu, and Zn homeostasis. By applying the knowledge and expanding on future research areas, this article aims to shine new light of existing illness. Thanks to the expanding field of nanotechnology, genetic disorders such as hemochromatosis and thalassemia can be managed today. Nanoparticles (NPs) improve delivery of ions and confer targeting capabilities, with the potential for use in treatment and diagnosis. Iron deficiency, cancer, and sepsis are persisting major issues. While targeted delivery using Fe NPs can be used as food fortifiers, chemotherapeutic agents against cancer cells and microbes have been developed using both Fe and Cu NPs. A fast and accurate means of diagnosis is a major impacting factor on outcome of patients, especially when critically ill. Good quality imaging and bed side diagnostic tools are possible using NPs, which may positively impact outcome.
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The role of iron homeostasis in remodeling immune function and regulating inflammatory disease. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1806-1816. [PMID: 36654387 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The essential trace element iron regulates a wide range of biological processes in virtually all living organisms. Because both iron deficiency and iron overload can lead to various pathological conditions, iron homeostasis is tightly regulated, and understanding this complex process will help pave the way to developing new therapeutic strategies for inflammatory disease. In recent years, significant progress has been made with respect to elucidating the roles of iron and iron-related genes in the development and maintenance of the immune system. Here, we review the timing and mechanisms by which systemic and cellular iron metabolism are regulated during the inflammatory response and during infectious disease, processes in which both the host and the pathogen compete for iron. We also discuss the evidence and implications that immune cells such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells require sufficient amounts of iron for their proliferation and for mediating their effector functions, in which iron serves as a co-factor in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, mitochondrial respiration, posttranslational regulation, and epigenetic modification. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic implications of targeting ferroptosis, iron homeostasis and/or iron metabolism with respect to conferring protection against pathogen infection, controlling inflammation, and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Báječný M, Chen CL, Faltusová K, Heizer T, Szikszai K, Páral P, Šefc L, Nečas E. Hematopoiesis Remains Permissive to Bone Marrow Transplantation After Expansion of Progenitors and Resumption of Blood Cell Production. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660617. [PMID: 34414177 PMCID: PMC8369928 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The immense regenerative power of hematopoietic tissue stems from the activation of the immature stem cells and the progenitor cells. After partial damage, hematopoiesis is reconstituted through a period of intense regeneration when blood cell production originates from erythro-myeloid progenitors in the virtual absence of stem cells. Since the damaged hematopoiesis can also be reconstituted from transplanted hematopoietic cells, we asked whether this also leads to the transient state when activated progenitors initially execute blood cell production. We first showed that the early reconstitution of hematopoiesis from transplanted cells gives rise to extended populations of developmentally advanced but altered progenitor cells, similar to those previously identified in the bone marrow regenerating from endogenous cells. We then identified the cells that give rise to these progenitors after transplantation as LSK CD48– cells. In the submyeloablative irradiated host mice, the transplanted LSK CD48– cells preferably colonized the spleen. Unlike the endogenous hematopoiesis reconstituting cells, the transplanted whole bone marrow cells and sorted LSK CD48– cells had greater potential to differentiate to B-lymphopoiesis. Separate transplantation of the CD150– and CD150+ subsets of LSK CD48– cells suggested that CD150– cells had a greater preference to B-lymphopoiesis than CD150+ cells. In the intensively regenerating hematopoiesis, the CD71/Sca-1 plot of immature murine hematopoietic cells revealed that the expanded populations of altered myeloid progenitors were highly variable in the different places of hematopoietic tissues. This high variability is likely caused by the heterogeneity of the hematopoiesis supporting stroma. Lastly, we demonstrate that during the period when active hematopoiesis resumes from transplanted cells, the hematopoietic tissues still remain highly permissive for further engraftment of transplanted cells, particularly the stem cells. Thus, these results provide a rationale for the transplantation of the hematopoietic stem cells in successive doses that could be used to boost the transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Báječný
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Faltusová
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Heizer
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Katarína Szikszai
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Páral
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Luděk Šefc
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Emanuel Nečas
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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De R, Prakash KU, Edison ES. Complex Interactions in Regulation of Haematopoiesis-An Unexplored Iron Mine. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081270. [PMID: 34440444 PMCID: PMC8391430 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is one of the most abundant metals on earth and is vital for the growth and survival of life forms. It is crucial for the functioning of plants and animals as it is an integral component of the photosynthetic apparatus and innumerable proteins and enzymes. It plays a pivotal role in haematopoiesis and affects the development and differentiation of different haematopoietic lineages, apart from its obvious necessity in erythropoiesis. A large amount of iron stores in humans is diverted towards the latter process, as iron is an indispensable component of haemoglobin. This review summarises the important players of iron metabolism and homeostasis that have been discovered in recent years and highlights the overall significance of iron in haematopoiesis. Its role in maintenance of haematopoietic stem cells, influence on differentiation of varied haematopoietic lineages and consequences of iron deficiency/overloading on development and maturation of different groups of haematopoietic cells have been discussed.
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Brissot E, Troadec M, Loréal O, Brissot P. Iron and platelets: A subtle, under-recognized relationship. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:1008-1016. [PMID: 33844865 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of iron in the formation and functioning of erythrocytes, and to a lesser degree of white blood cells, is well established, but the relationship between iron and platelets is less documented. Physiologically, iron plays an important role in hematopoiesis, including thrombopoiesis; iron levels direct, together with genetic factors, the lineage commitment of megakaryocytic/erythroid progenitors toward either megakaryocyte or erythroid progenitors. Megakaryocytic iron contributes to cellular machinery, especially energy production in platelet mitochondria. Thrombocytosis, possibly favoring vascular thrombosis, is a classical feature observed with abnormally low total body iron stores (mainly due to blood losses or decreased duodenal iron intake), but thrombocytopenia can also occur in severe iron deficiency anemia. Iron sequestration, as seen in inflammatory conditions, can be associated with early thrombocytopenia due to platelet consumption and followed by reactive replenishment of the platelet pool with possibility of thrombocytosis. Iron overload of genetic origin (hemochromatosis), despite expected mitochondrial damage related to ferroptosis, has not been reported to cause thrombocytopenia (except in case of high degree of hepatic fibrosis), and iron-related alteration of platelet function is still a matter of debate. In acquired iron overload (of transfusional and/or dyserythropoiesis origin), quantitative or qualitative platelet changes are difficult to attribute to iron alone due to the interference of the underlying hematological conditions; likewise, hematological improvement, including increased blood platelet counts, observed under iron oral chelation is likely to reflect mechanisms other than the sole beneficial impact of iron depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eolia Brissot
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint Antoine APHP Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Centre de recherche Saint‐Antoine, UMR‐S938 Paris France
| | - Marie‐Bérengère Troadec
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB Brest France
- Service de génétique, laboratoire de génétique chromosomique CHRU Brest Brest France
| | - Olivier Loréal
- Inserm, University of Rennes1, UMR 1241, Inrae, NuMeCan Institute Rennes France
| | - Pierre Brissot
- Inserm, University of Rennes1, UMR 1241, Inrae, NuMeCan Institute Rennes France
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Yin Y, Jiang T, Hao Y, Zhang J, Li W, Hao Y, He W, Song Y, Feng Q, Ma W. Cascade catalytic nanoplatform based on ions interference strategy for calcium overload therapy and ferroptosis. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120937. [PMID: 34310960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular ions played prominent part in cell function and behavior. Disrupting intracellular ions homeostasis might switch ions signal from "regulating" to "destroying". Inspired by this, we introduced the ions interference strategy for tumor therapy. Herein, curcumin (CUR) and transferrin (Tf) co-loaded calcium peroxide nanoparticles (CaO2 NPs) were formulated. With tumor targeting ability, CaO2/Tf/CUR pinpointed tumor cells and then instantaneously decomposed in acidic lysosomes, concurrently accompanying with the release of Ca2+ and CUR, as well as the production of H2O2. Then H2O2 not only damaged structure of Tf to release Fe3+, but also was converted to hydroxyl radicals via ferric ions mediated Fenton reaction for ferroptosis. In addition, the released Ca2+ and CUR induced Ca2+ overload via exogenous and endogenous calcium ions accumulation, respectively, further activating mitochondria apoptosis signaling pathway for cell injury. Therefore, based on calcium and ferric ions interference strategy, the cascade catalytic CaO2/Tf/CUR offered synergistic combination of ferroptosis, Ca2+ overload therapy and chemotherapy, which held a great promise in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Tianyao Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yutong Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yongwei Hao
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wei He
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Qianhua Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Weiwei Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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Camaschella C, Pagani A. Mendelian inheritance of anemia due to disturbed iron homeostasis. Semin Hematol 2021; 58:175-181. [PMID: 34389109 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Genetic disorders that affect proteins involved in maintaining iron balance may lead to Mendelian anemias. They may be classified as defects of intestinal iron absorption, iron transport in the circulation, iron uptake and utilization by maturing erythroid cells, iron recycling by macrophages and systemic regulation of iron homeostasis. All these Mendelian anemias are rare disorders, prevalently recessive, characterized by microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells. Advances in our knowledge of iron metabolism and its systemic regulation on one side have facilitated the identification of novel iron related anemias, while on the other the study of the affected patients and of the corresponding animal models have contributed to our understanding of iron trafficking and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Camaschella
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessia Pagani
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Ding H, Chen S, Pan X, Dai X, Pan G, Li Z, Mai X, Tian Y, Zhang S, Liu B, Cao G, Yao Z, Yao X, Gao L, Yang L, Chen X, Sun J, Chen H, Han M, Yin Y, Xu G, Li H, Wu W, Chen Z, Lin J, Xiang L, Hu J, Lu Y, Zhu X, Xie L. Transferrin receptor 1 ablation in satellite cells impedes skeletal muscle regeneration through activation of ferroptosis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:746-768. [PMID: 33955709 PMCID: PMC8200440 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Satellite cells (SCs) are critical to skeletal muscle regeneration. Inactivation of SCs is linked to skeletal muscle loss. Transferrin receptor 1 (Tfr1) is associated with muscular dysfunction as muscle-specific deletion of Tfr1 results in growth retardation, metabolic disorder, and lethality, shedding light on the importance of Tfr1 in muscle physiology. However, its physiological function regarding skeletal muscle ageing and regeneration remains unexplored. METHODS RNA sequencing is applied to skeletal muscles of different ages to identify Tfr1 associated to skeletal muscle ageing. Mice with conditional SC ablation of Tfr1 were generated. Between Tfr1SC/WT and Tfr1SC/KO (n = 6-8 mice per group), cardiotoxin was intramuscularly injected, and transverse abdominal muscle was dissected, weighted, and cryosectioned, followed by immunostaining, haematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson staining. These phenotypical analyses were followed with functional analysis such as flow cytometry, tread mill, Prussian blue staining, and transmission electron microscopy to identify pathological pathways that contribute to regeneration defects. RESULTS By comparing gene expression between young (2 weeks old, n = 3) and aged (80 weeks old, n = 3) mice among four types of muscles, we identified that Tfr1 expression is declined in muscles of aged mice (~80% reduction, P < 0.005), so as to its protein level in SCs of aged mice. From in vivo and ex vivo experiments, Tfr1 deletion in SCs results in an irreversible depletion of SCs (~60% reduction, P < 0.005) and cell-autonomous defect in SC proliferation and differentiation, leading to skeletal muscle regeneration impairment, followed by labile iron accumulation, lipogenesis, and decreased Gpx4 and Nrf2 protein levels leading to reactive oxygen species scavenger defects. These abnormal phenomena including iron accumulation, activation of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, and lipid peroxidation are orchestrated with the occurrence of ferroptosis in skeletal muscle. Ferroptosis further exacerbates SC proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration. Ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, could not rescue ferroptosis. However, intramuscular administration of lentivirus-expressing Tfr1 could partially reduce labile iron accumulation, decrease lipogenesis, and promote skeletal muscle regeneration. Most importantly, declined Tfr1 but increased Slc39a14 protein level on cellular membrane contributes to labile iron accumulation in skeletal muscle of aged rodents (~80 weeks old), leading to activation of ferroptosis in aged skeletal muscle. This is inhibited by ferrostatin-1 to improve running time (P = 0.0257) and distance (P = 0.0248). CONCLUSIONS Satellite cell-specific deletion of Tfr1 impairs skeletal muscle regeneration with activation of ferroptosis. This phenomenon is recapitulated in skeletal muscle of aged rodents and human sarcopenia. Our study provides mechanistic information for developing novel therapeutic strategies against muscular ageing and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrong Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis, The Marine Biomedical Research InstituteGuangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Shujie Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohan Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied AgricultureBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Guihua Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Ze Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xudong Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ye Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Susu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bingdong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Guangchao Cao
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhicheng Yao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiangping Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Liang Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Li Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mulan Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- China Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanChina
| | - Guohuan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Huijun Li
- College of Public HealthXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Weidong Wu
- College of Public HealthXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Zheng Chen
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and TechnologyHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina
| | - Jingchao Lin
- Metabo‐Profile Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Liping Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis, The Marine Biomedical Research InstituteGuangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Liwei Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of Public HealthXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
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Pfeifhofer-Obermair C, Tymoszuk P, Nairz M, Schroll A, Klais G, Demetz E, Engl S, Brigo N, Weiss G. Regulation of Th1 T Cell Differentiation by Iron via Upregulation of T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Containing Protein-3 (TIM-3). Front Immunol 2021; 12:637809. [PMID: 34108960 PMCID: PMC8181170 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron plays an important role in host–pathogen interactions, in being an essential element for both pathogen and host metabolism, but also by impacting immune cell differentiation and anti-microbial effector pathways. Iron has been implicated to affect the differentiation of T lymphocytes during inflammation, however, so far the underlying mechanism remained elusive. In order to study the role of iron in T cell differentiation we here investigated how dietary iron supplementation affects T cell function and outcome in a model of chronic infection with the intracellular bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). Iron loading prior to infection fostered bacterial burden and, unexpectedly, reduced differentiation of CD4+ T helper cells type 1 (Th1) and expression of interferon-gamma (IFNγ), a key cytokine to control infections with intracellular pathogens. This effect could be traced back to iron-mediated induction of the negative immune checkpoint regulator T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), expressed on the surface of this T cell subset. In vitro experiments demonstrated that iron supplementation specifically upregulated mRNA and protein expression of TIM-3 in naïve Th cells in a dose-depdendent manner and hindered priming of those T cells towards Th1 differentiation. Importantly, administration of TIM-3 blocking antibodies to iron-loaded mice infected with S. Typhimurium virtually restored Th1 cell differentiation and significantly improved bacterial control. Our data uncover a novel mechanism by which iron modulates CD4+ cell differentiation and functionality and hence impacts infection control with intracellular pathogens. Specifically, iron inhibits the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to protective IFNγ producing Th1 lymphocytes via stimulation of TIM-3 expression. Finally, TIM-3 may serve as a novel drug target for the treatment of chronic infections with intracellular pathogens, specifically in iron loading diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Tymoszuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Schroll
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gloria Klais
- Department of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, MCI-The Entrepreneurial School, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Engl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Brigo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Mleczko‐Sanecka K, Silvestri L. Cell-type-specific insights into iron regulatory processes. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:110-127. [PMID: 32945012 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite its essential role in many biological processes, iron is toxic when in excess due to its propensity to generate reactive oxygen species. To prevent diseases associated with iron deficiency or iron loading, iron homeostasis must be tightly controlled. Intracellular iron content is regulated by the Iron Regulatory Element-Iron Regulatory Protein (IRE-IRP) system, whereas systemic iron availability is adjusted to body iron needs chiefly by the hepcidin-ferroportin (FPN) axis. Here, we aimed to review advances in the field that shed light on cell-type-specific regulatory mechanisms that control or modify systemic and local iron balance, and how shifts in cellular iron levels may affect specialized cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Silvestri
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy
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Venkataramani V. Iron Homeostasis and Metabolism: Two Sides of a Coin. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1301:25-40. [PMID: 34370286 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-62026-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an ancient, essential and versatile transition metal found in almost all living organisms on Earth. This fundamental trace element is used in the synthesis of heme and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) containing proteins and other vital cofactors that are involved in respiration, redox reactions, catalysis, DNA synthesis and transcription. At the same time, the ability of iron to cycle between its oxidized, ferric (Fe3+) and its reduced, ferrous (Fe2+) state contributes to the production of free radicals that can damage biomolecules, including proteins, lipids and DNA. In particular, the regulated non-apoptotic cell death ferroptosis is driven by Fe2+-dependent lipid peroxidation that can be prevented by iron chelation or genetic inhibition of cellular iron uptake. Therefore, iron homeostasis must be tightly regulated to avoid iron toxicity. This review provides an overview of the origin and chemistry of iron that makes it suitable for a variety of biological functions and addresses how organisms evolved various strategies, including their scavenging and antioxidant machinery, to manage redox-associated drawbacks. Finally, key mechanisms of iron metabolism are highlighted in human diseases and model organisms, underlining the perils of dysfunctional iron handlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Venkataramani
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany.
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Tymoszuk P, Nairz M, Brigo N, Petzer V, Heeke S, Kircher B, Hermann-Kleiter N, Klepsch V, Theurl I, Weiss G, Pfeifhofer-Obermair C. Iron Supplementation Interferes With Immune Therapy of Murine Mammary Carcinoma by Inhibiting Anti-Tumor T Cell Function. Front Oncol 2020; 10:584477. [PMID: 33344239 PMCID: PMC7746876 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.584477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is both, an essential compound for many metabolic processes, and iron deficiency can impact on the proliferation of cells including lymphocytes but also tumor cells. On the other hand, excess iron-catalyzed radical formation can induce cellular toxicity which has been previously demonstrated for T cells in hereditary iron overload. Despite these interconnections, little is known on the effects of clinically approved intravenous iron supplements for curing cancer-related anemia, on T cell differentiation, tumor proliferation, anti-tumor T cell responses and, of clinical importance, on efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Herein, we analyzed the effects of intravenous iron supplementation on T cell function and on the effectiveness of anti-cancer chemotherapy with IL-2/doxorubicin or immunotherapy with checkpoint-inhibitor anti-PD-L1 in C57Bl/6N female mice with implanted E0771 mammary carcinomas. We found that iron application resulted to an increased availability of iron in the tumor microenvironment and stimulation of tumor growth. In parallel, iron application inhibited the activation, expansion and survival of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and of CD4+ T helper cells type 1 and significantly reduced the efficacy of the investigated anti-cancer treatments. Our results indicate that iron administration has a tumor growth promoting effect and impairs anti-cancer responses of tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes along with a reduced efficacy of anti-cancer therapies. Iron supplementation in cancer patients, especially in those treated with immunotherapies in a curative setting, may be thus used cautiously and prospective studies have to clarify the impact of such intervention on the outcome of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Tymoszuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Brigo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Petzer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Heeke
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology (LPCE), Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France
| | - Brigitte Kircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Victoria Klepsch
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Igor Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Grignano E, Birsen R, Chapuis N, Bouscary D. From Iron Chelation to Overload as a Therapeutic Strategy to Induce Ferroptosis in Leukemic Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:586530. [PMID: 33042852 PMCID: PMC7530268 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.586530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its crucial importance in numerous physiological processes, iron also causes oxidative stress and damage which can promote the growth and proliferation of leukemic cells. Iron metabolism is strictly regulated and the related therapeutic approaches to date have been to restrict iron availability to tumor cells. However, since a new form of iron-catalyzed cell death has been described, termed ferroptosis, and subsequently better understood, iron excess is thought to represent an opportunity to selectively kill leukemic cells and spare normal hematopoietic cells, based on their differential iron needs. This review summarizes the physiology of iron metabolism and its deregulation in leukemia, the known ferrotoposis pathways, and therapeutic strategies to target the altered iron metabolism in leukemia for the purposes of initiating ferroptosis in these cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Grignano
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre-Université de Paris, Service d'Hématologie clinique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Rudy Birsen
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre-Université de Paris, Service d'Hématologie clinique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Chapuis
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre-Université de Paris, Service d'Hématologie biologique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Didier Bouscary
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre-Université de Paris, Service d'Hématologie clinique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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