1
|
Scarpignato C, Hunt RH. Potassium-competitive Acid Blockers: Current Clinical Use and Future Developments. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2024; 26:273-293. [PMID: 39145848 PMCID: PMC11401795 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-024-00939-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) represents the standard of care in the treatment of acid-related diseases. However, despite their effectiveness, PPIs display some intrinsic limitations, which underlie the unmet clinical needs that have been identified over the past decades. The aims of this review are to summarize the current status and future development of the new class of antisecretory drugs (potassium-competitive acid blockers, P-CABs) that have recently been introduced into medical practice. RECENT FINDINGS Over the past decades, clinical needs unmet by the current acid suppressants have been recognized, especially in the management of patients with GERD, Helicobacter pylori infection and NSAID-related peptic ulcer. The failure to address these needs is mainly due to their inability to achieve a consistent acid suppression in all patients and, particularly, to control nighttime acidity. It was then realized that an extended duration of acid suppression would exert additional benefits. The available data with P-CABs show that they are able to address these unmet clinical needs. Four different P-CABs (vonoprazan, tegoprazan, fexuprazan and keverprazan) are currently available. However, only two of them are approved outside Asia. Vonoprazan is available in North, Central and South America while tegoprazan is marketed only in Latin American countries. Two other compounds (namely linazapran glurate and zestaprazan) are presently under clinical development. While clinical trials on GERD have been performed with all P-CABs, only vonoprazan and tegoprazan have been investigated as components of Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens. The available data show that-in the above two clinical indications-P-CABs provide similar or better efficacy in comparison with PPIs. Their safety in the short-term overlaps that of PPIs, but data from long-term treatment are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Scarpignato
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
- Department of Health Sciences, United Campus of Malta, Msida, Malta.
- Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - Richard H Hunt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive, Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liyanagama I, Oh S, Choi JH, Yi MH, Kim M, Yun S, Kang D, Kim SL, Ojeda Ayala MG, Odua F, Yong TS, Kim JY. Metabarcoding study of potential pathogens and zoonotic risks associated with dog feces in Seoul, South Korea. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012441. [PMID: 39196875 PMCID: PMC11355564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant portion of South Korea's population, approximately a quarter, owns pets, with dogs being the most popular choice among them. However, studies analyzing the fecal organism communities of dogs in South Korea are lacking, and limited efforts have been exerted to identify pathogens with potential zoonotic implications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate potential pathogens using metabarcoding analysis and evaluate the risk of zoonotic diseases in dog feces in Seoul, South Korea. METHODOLOGY Fecal samples were collected from both pet and stray dogs in the Mapo district of Seoul. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was utilized, employing 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to identify prokaryotic pathogens, and 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing for eukaryotic pathogens. The data obtained from the QIIME2 pipeline were subjected to various statistical analyses to identify different putative pathogens and their compositions. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Significant variations in microbiota composition were found between stray and pet dogs, and putative prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens were identified. The most prevalent putative bacterial pathogens were Fusobacterium, Helicobacter, and Campylobacter. The most prevalent putative eukaryotic pathogens were Giardia, Pentatrichomonas, and Cystoisospora. Interestingly, Campylobacter, Giardia, and Pentatrichomonas were found to be significantly more prevalent in stray dogs than in pet dogs. The variation in the prevalence of potential pathogens in dog feces could be attributed to environmental factors, including dietary variances and interactions with wildlife, particularly in stray dogs. These factors likely contributed to the observed differences in pathogen occurrence between stray and pet dogs. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study offers valuable insights into the zoonotic risks associated with dog populations residing in diverse environments. By identifying and characterizing putative pathogens in dog feces, this research provides essential information on the impact of habitat on dog-associated pathogens, highlighting the importance of public health planning and zoonotic risk management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isuru Liyanagama
- Department of Global Health and Disease Control, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Singeun Oh
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Choi
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-hee Yi
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjun Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyeon Yun
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Kang
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Lim Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Gloria Ojeda Ayala
- Department of Global Health and Disease Control, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Fred Odua
- Department of Global Health and Disease Control, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Production Department, Nakasongola, Uganda
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Du Y, Yu L, Deng B, Li Q, Hu J, Li L, Xu Y, Song L, Xie F, Wang Y, Chen Y, Liu C, Zhai X, Lu Y. Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Tegoprazan and the Combination of Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin and Bismuth in Healthy Chinese Subjects: An Open-Label, Single-Center, Multiple-Dosage, Self-Controlled, Phase I Trial. Clin Drug Investig 2024; 44:343-355. [PMID: 38615091 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-024-01359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tegoprazan is a potassium-competitive acid blocker that inhibits gastric acid and which may be used for eradicating Helicobacter pylori. This study focuses on the pharmacokinetic interaction and safety between tegoprazan and the combination of clarithromycin, amoxicillin and bismuth in healthy Chinese subjects. METHODS An open-label, three-period, single-center, multiple-dosage, single-sequence, phase I trial was conducted in 22 healthy subjects. In period 1, the subjects took tegoprazan 50 mg twice daily for 7 days, and in period 2 they were administered clarithromycin 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg and bismuth potassium citrate 600 mg twice daily for 7 days (days 14-20). Tegoprazan, clarithromycin, amoxicillin and bismuth potassium citrate were then administered in combination for 7 days (days 21-27) in period 3. Blood samples were collected up to 12 h after the last dose of each period. Safety assessments were performed in each period. RESULTS The geometric mean ratios (GMRs) [90% confidence interval (CI)] of maximum plasma concentration at steady state (Cmax,ss) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve over the dosing interval (AUCτ) at steady state were 195.93% (175.52-218.71%) and 287.54% (263.28-314.04%) for tegoprazan and 423.23% (382.57-468.22%) and 385.61% (354.62-419.30%) for tegoprazan metabolite M1, respectively. The GMRs (90% CI) of Cmax,ss and AUCτ were 83.69% (77.44-90.45%) and 110.30% (102.74-118.41%) for clarithromycin, 126.25% (114.73-138.93%) and 146.94% (135.33-159.55%) for 14-hydroxyclarithromycin, 75.89% (69.73-82.60%) and 94.34% (87.94-101.20%) for amoxicillin, and 158.43% (125.43-200.11%) and 183.63% (156.42-215.58%) for bismuth, respectively. All reported adverse events were mild. The frequency of adverse events during the coadministration stage was not higher than that during the single- or triple-drug administration stages. CONCLUSION The plasma exposure of tegoprazan, M1, 14-hydroxyclarithromycin and bismuth was increased after the coadministration of tegoprazan, clarithromycin, amoxicillin and bismuth. The coadministration exhibited favorable safety and tolerability. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION CTR20230643.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Lixiu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Centre for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Centre for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Qinying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Junrui Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Linjie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yusen Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Liangwei Song
- Shandong Luoxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276017, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Shandong Luoxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276017, Shandong, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Shandong Luoxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276017, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Shandong Luoxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276017, Shandong, China
| | - Chengxin Liu
- Shandong Luoxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276017, Shandong, China
| | - Xuejia Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Centre for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Yongning Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Centre for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kanu JE, Soldera J. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori with potassium competitive acid blockers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1213-1223. [PMID: 38577188 PMCID: PMC10989498 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i9.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects over half the global population, causing gastrointestinal diseases like dyspepsia, gastritis, duodenitis, peptic ulcers, G-MALT lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Eradicating H. pylori is crucial for treating and preventing these conditions. While conventional proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based triple therapy is effective, there's growing interest in longer acid suppression therapies. Potassium competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) triple and dual therapy are new regimens for H. pylori eradication. Initially used in Asian populations, vonoprazan (VPZ) has been recently Food and Drug Administration-approved for H. pylori eradication. AIM To assess the efficacy of regimens containing P-CABs in eradicating H. pylori infection. METHODS This study, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE and Scopus libraries for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or observational studies with the following command: [("Helicobacter pylori" OR "H pylori") AND ("Treatment" OR "Therapy" OR "Eradication") AND ("Vonaprazan" OR "Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker" OR "P-CAB" OR "PCAB" OR "Revaprazan" OR "Linaprazan" OR "Soraprazan" OR "Tegoprazan")]. Studies comparing the efficacy of P-CABs-based treatment to classical PPIs in eradicating H. pylori were included. Exclusion criteria included case reports, case series, unpublished trials, or conference abstracts. Data variables encompassed age, diagnosis method, sample sizes, study duration, intervention and control, and H. pylori eradication method were gathered by two independent reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed in R software, and forest plots were generated. RESULTS A total of 256 references were initially retrieved through the search command. Ultimately, fifteen studies (7 RCTs, 7 retrospective observational studies, and 1 comparative unique study) were included, comparing P-CAB triple therapy to PPI triple therapy. The intention-to-treat analysis involved 8049 patients, with 4471 in the P-CAB intervention group and 3578 in the PPI control group across these studies. The analysis revealed a significant difference in H. pylori eradication between VPZ triple therapy and PPI triple therapy in both RCTs and observational studies [risk ratio (RR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.22, P < 0.0001] and (RR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.09-1.17, P < 0.0001], respectively. However, no significant difference was found between tegoprazan (TPZ) triple therapy and PPI triple therapy in both RCTs and observational studies (RR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.93-1.16, P = 0.5) and (RR = 1.03, 95%CI: 0.97-1.10, P = 0.3), respectively. CONCLUSION VPZ-based triple therapy outperformed conventional PPI-based triple therapy in eradicating H. pylori, positioning it as a highly effective first-line regimen. Additionally, TPZ-based triple therapy was non-inferior to classical PPI triple therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Edwin Kanu
- Post Graduate Program at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of South Wales, Cardiff CF37 1DL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Soldera
- Post Graduate Program at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of South Wales, Cardiff CF37 1DL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang F, Yu B, Qin L, Dai X. A randomized clinical study on the efficacy of vonoprazan combined with amoxicillin duo regimen for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35610. [PMID: 37832048 PMCID: PMC10578669 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) can cause gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and many other gastrointestinal diseases. The 14-day neo-dual therapy for H pylori is considered by most countries to have good eradication rates, while the 7- and 10-day studies have been more widely explored, however, we find that their results are different. The applicability of the shorter and less expensive 10-day neo-dual therapy to our country has not yet been confirmed. METHODS The patients were divided into 3 groups of 200 each by randomization method. Group A: patients received vonoprazan 20 mg, bid + amoxicillin(1 g), tid, for 14 days. Group B: vonoprazan (20 mg) bid + amoxicillin (1 g) tid, duration of treatment is 10 days, group C: rabeprazole (20 mg) bid + bismuth potassium citrate tablets/tinidazole tablets/clarithromycin tablets, combined package (4.2 g), bid, duration of treatment 14 days. The main comparisons were H pylori eradication rate, adverse drug reaction profile and cost-effect ratio in each group. RESULTS The eradication rates of groups A, B, and C were 92.5%, 91.6%, and 80.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the eradication rates of groups A and B (P > .05), groups A and B had statistically significantly better eradication rates than group C (P < .05). The incidence of adverse reactions in groups A, B, and C was 9.5%, 8.5%, and 17.0%, respectively. There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between A and B: (P > .05), The incidence of adverse reactions was statistically significantly lower in groups A and B than in group C (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed nonsmokers had a higher eradication rate (OR 2.587, 95% CI: 1.377-4.859, P = .003), and taller patients were more likely to have successful eradication (OR 1.052, 95% CI: 1.008-1.097, P = .020). Group B had the lowest cost-benefit analysis results. CONCLUSION Group B had an acceptable eradication rate, the lowest incidence of adverse effects, and the lowest cost analysis. Eradication is more likely to be successful in patients who do not smoke and in those who are taller.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taixing Clinical College of Bengbu Medical College, Taixing, China
| | - Baiyang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Taixing Clinical College of Bengbu Medical College, Taixing, China
| | - Lang Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taixing Clinical College of Bengbu Medical College, Taixing, China
| | - Xiaorong Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taixing Clinical College of Bengbu Medical College, Taixing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jung YS, Kim S, Kim HY, Noh SJ, Park JH, Sohn CI, Park CH. Efficacy and Tolerability of 14-Day Tegoprazan- versus Rabeprazole-Based Triple Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter pylori: A Real-World Evidence Study. Gut Liver 2023; 17:711-721. [PMID: 36510776 PMCID: PMC10502490 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Tegoprazan, a new, fast, and strong potassium-competitive acid blocker, has been approved for the treatment of gastric acid-related diseases in Korea. However, real-world clinical data regarding this drug are scarce. We aimed to compare the Helicobacter pylori eradication rates of tegoprazan- and rabeprazole-based triple therapy. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from patients who received first-line treatment for H. pylori infection using tegoprazan- or rabeprazole-based triple therapy for 2 weeks (50 mg tegoprazan or 20 mg rabeprazole+1,000 mg amoxicillin+500 mg clarithromycin twice daily). The primary endpoint was the eradication rate as determined by intention-to-treat analysis. Results Of the 677 patients included in our study, 344 and 333 received tegoprazan-based and rabeprazole-based triple therapy, respectively. The eradication rate from intention-to-treat analysis was 76.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72.1% to 81.0%) for tegoprazan-based triple therapy and 75.4% (95% CI, 70.5% to 79.8%) for rabeprazole-based triple therapy. There was no significant difference in the eradication rates between the two groups (p>0.999). Per-protocol analysis also revealed no significant difference between the eradication rates of the two groups (tegoprazan 83.4% [95% CI, 79.0% to 87.2%] vs rabeprazole 83.5% [79.0% to 87.4%], p>0.999). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in adverse event rates between the two groups (tegoprazan, 27.6%; rabeprazole, 25.8%; p=0.604). Conclusions The eradication rate of tegoprazan-based triple therapy was similar to that of rabeprazole-based triple therapy. Further studies on the dose-escalation effect of tegoprazan for H. pylori eradication and the efficacy of tegoprazan in regimens other than conventional triple therapy are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Suk Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Sunyong Kim
- Preventive Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, and
| | - Hyun-Young Kim
- Preventive Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, and
| | - Seung Jae Noh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Chong Il Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Chan Hyuk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wei Z, Jeong HC, Kim MG, Shin KH. Prediction of the Drug–Drug Interaction Potential between Tegoprazan and Amoxicillin/Clarithromycin Using the Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030360. [PMID: 36986460 PMCID: PMC10054914 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tegoprazan is a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker. This study investigated the effect of drug–drug interaction on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tegoprazan co-administered with amoxicillin and clarithromycin, the first-line therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, using physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) modeling. The previously reported tegoprazan PBPK/PD model was modified and applied. The clarithromycin PBPK model was developed based on the model provided by the SimCYP® compound library. The amoxicillin model was constructed using the middle-out approach. All of the observed concentration–time profiles were covered well by the predicted profiles with the 5th and 95th percentiles. The mean ratios of predicted to observed PK parameters, including the area under the curve (AUC), maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax), and clearance, were within the 30% intervals for the developed models. Two-fold ratios of predicted fold-changes of Cmax and AUC from time 0 to 24 h to observed data were satisfied. The predicted PD endpoints, including median intragastric pH and percentage holding rate at pH above 4 or 6 on day 1 and day 7, were close to the corresponding observed data. This investigation allows evaluation of the effects of CYP3A4 perpetrators on tegoprazan PK and PD changes, thus providing clinicians with the rationale for co-administration dosing adjustment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuodu Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gul Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-8582
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Choi YJ. [Treatment of Acid-related Diseases Using Potassium-competitive Acid Blockers]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY = TAEHAN SOHWAGI HAKHOE CHI 2022; 80:247-253. [PMID: 36567437 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2022.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have several limitations to their efficacy including insufficient acid suppression, slow onset of action, and variable efficacy among patients due to CYP2C19 metabolism. Potassium-competitive acid blockers inhibit H+-K+-ATPase in a reversible and K+-competitive manner, are novel acid suppressive drugs with rapid onset of action, meal independence, and prolonged control of intragastric acidity compared to PPIs. Potassium-competitive acid blockers exhibited non-inferior therapeutic efficacies on reflux esophagitis, gastric ulcers, and Helicobacter pylori eradication. The review is focused on the unmet needs across the acid-related diseases and recent updates on clinical studies using vonoprazan and tegoprazan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jung YS, Kim S, Kim HY, Noh SJ, Park JH, Park CH. 7-day versus 14-day tegoprazan-based triple therapy to treat Helicobacter pylori infection: Real-world evidence. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1911-1918. [PMID: 35816283 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) can be used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection. We aimed to evaluate the impact of treatment duration (7 vs 14 days) on successful H. pylori eradication with P-CAB-based triple therapy in Korea, where clarithromycin resistance rate is high. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who received first-line treatment for H. pylori infection with tegoprazan-based triple therapy (50 mg tegoprazan + 1000 mg amoxicillin + 500 mg clarithromycin twice daily for 1 or 2 weeks). The primary endpoint was the eradication rate in intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. RESULTS Of the 948 patients included in the study, 435 and 513 received 7-day and 14-day tegoprazan-based triple therapy, respectively. The eradication rate was higher in the 14-day therapy group than in the 7-day therapy group (ITT, 63.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 59.3-68.3%] vs 78.6% [95% CI, 74.9-81.9%], respectively, P < 0.001; per-protocol, 70.5% [95% CI, 65.8-74.8%] vs 85.1% [81.7-88.1%], respectively, P < 0.001). Overall adverse event rates did not differ between the two groups. Although six patients in the 14-day treatment group discontinued the prescribed medications due to adverse events, four of them (67%) discontinued the medication within 4 days. CONCLUSIONS The 14-day tegoprazan-based triple therapy showed a superior eradication rate and acceptable adverse events compared with the 7-day tegoprazan-based triple therapy. A 14-day treatment regimen may be required when H. pylori infection is treated with tegoprazan-based triple therapy in regions with high clarithromycin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Suk Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyong Kim
- Preventive Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Kim
- Preventive Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Noh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hyuk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim SJ, Jee SR, Park MI, Jung K, Kim GH, Lee MW, Lee J, Jang JS, Koh M. A randomized controlled trial to compare Helicobacter pylori eradication rates between the empirical concomitant therapy and tailored therapy based on 23S rRNA point mutations. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30069. [PMID: 35984159 PMCID: PMC9387952 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing clarithromycin resistance has led to changes in several guidelines for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. We compared the H. pylori eradication rates of the empirical concomitant therapy (CoT) and a tailored therapy (TaT) using dual-priming oligonucleotide-based polymerase chain reaction to detect mutations in the 23S rRNA gene that are related to clarithromycin resistance. METHODS Between June 2020 and May 2021, 290 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to 2 groups. In the CoT group, the patients received rabeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 500 mg twice daily for 14 days. In the TaT group, point mutation-negative patients received rabeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily for 14 days and point mutation-positive patients received rabeprazole 20 mg twice daily, metronidazole 500 mg thrice daily, and bismuth 120 mg and tetracycline 500 mg 4 times daily for 14 days. RESULTS A total of 290 and 261 patients were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses, respectively. A2142G and/or A2143G point mutations were identified in 28.6% of the patients. No significant difference in eradication rates were observed between the 2 groups as per ITT (CoT, 82.8% and TaT, 85.5%, P = .520) and PP (CoT, 88.6% and TaT, 94.6%, P = .084) analyses. In point mutation-positive patients, the eradication rates in the CoT group were lower than those in the TaT group as per ITT (69.8% and 87.5%, respectively, P = .050) and PP (76.9% and 97.1%, respectively, P = .011) analyses. CONCLUSION CoT and TaT showed similar overall eradication rates for H. pylori. However, CoT eradication rate was suboptimal, especially in point mutation-positive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- *Correspondence: Sam Ryong Jee, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Korea (e-mail: )
| | - Sam Ryong Jee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Moo In Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Gwang Ha Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Moon Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Koreaand
| | - Jin Seok Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Myeongseok Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Park JM, Lee SY, Kim JH, Sung IK, Park HS. Prognosis of Seronegative Subjects with a Helicobacter pylori-infected Spouse. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HELICOBACTER AND UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.7704/kjhugr.2021.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can disseminate between couples. The present study compared the findings of gastric cancer screening between seronegative subjects according to the presence of an infected spouse.Materials and Methods: Follow-up data of seronegative subjects were analyzed among married couples who underwent gastric cancer screening via gastroscopy, serum pepsinogen, and anti-H. pylori IgG assays between January 2010 and May 2016. New detection rates of H. pylori infection and gastric neoplasm at the follow-up screening were compared between seronegative subjects according to the H. pylori-infected status of spouse.Results: Among 246 seronegative subjects with an H. pylori-infected spouse, 92 underwent follow-up tests (case group). Among 278 seronegative subjects with seronegative spouse, 94 underwent follow-up tests (control group). The past infection rate was higher in the case group than in the control group (52/92 vs. 34/94; P=0.005). New H. pylori infection was diagnosed in three of the 92 cases and two of the 94 controls (3.2% vs. 2.1%; P=0.681). During the mean follow-up of 67.9±36.0 months, three adenocarcinomas and two adenomas (5/184) were newly detected among the cases and their spouses, whereas none (0/188) were detected among the controls and their spouses (2.7% vs. 0%; P=0.029).Conclusions: Gastric neoplasm occurred more frequently in couples with an H. pylori-infected spouse. Because the past infection rate is higher among seronegative subjects with an infected spouse, gastric cancer screening is recommended in both partners when the spouse is infected.
Collapse
|