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Oke OE, Alo ET, Oni AI, Nwosu EU, Wheto M, Akinjute OF, Imran-Oloko GO, Osisanwo A. Breeder age and hatching egg storage duration: effects on post-hatch performance of FUNAAB- α broiler chickens. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae070. [PMID: 38756478 PMCID: PMC11097600 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This trial was designed to evaluate the influence of hatching egg storage length and broiler breeder hens' age on post-hatch growth performance and physiological responses of FUNAAB-α chickens. Five hundred fertile eggs from each of 60 and 32-wk-old FUNAAB-α breeder hens were collected and assigned to five storage durations (0, 3, 7, 11, and 15 d). The hatching eggs were incubated using the conventional protocol. Data were collected on the growth performance and physiological responses. A 2 × 5 factorial design was used for the experiment. The results revealed that there was a decline in the final body weight in chickens from eggs of 15 and 11 d storage compared to the chickens from 7, 3, and 0 egg storage days. Chickens of 32-week-old breeder hens had higher (P < 0.05) mean corpuscular volume, white blood cell, heterophil, and pack cell volume values compared to 60-week-old breeder hens. Hatchlings from 60-week-old breeders had a higher liver percentage (3.0% yolk-free body weight [YFBW]) than those from 32-week-old breeders (2.8% YFBW). It was concluded that an extended storage duration of 15 d adversely affected the carcass traits and growth performance of chickens from egg storage above seven days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyegunle Emmanuel Oke
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
- Regional Centre of Excellence in Avian Sciences (CERSA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Ezekiel Taiwo Alo
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Aderanti Ifeoluwa Oni
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | | | - Mathew Wheto
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Adeleke Osisanwo
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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Al-Sagan AA, Al-Abdullatif A, Hussein EOS, Saadeldin IM, Al-Mufarrej SI, Qaid M, Albaadani HH, Swelum AAA, Alhotan R. Effects of Betaine Supplementation on Live Performance, Selected Blood Parameters, and Expression of Water Channel and Stress-Related mRNA Transcripts of Delayed Placement Broiler Chicks. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:632101. [PMID: 33521096 PMCID: PMC7840959 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.632101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of supplemental betaine on live performance, selected blood parameters, and gene expression of water channel proteins (Aquaporins, AQP) of broiler chicks delayed in placement for 48 h post-hatch. In total, 540 newly-hatched male broiler chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and were randomly allotted to one of five treatments with nine replicates per treatment (12 chicks per replicate). Chicks were either placed immediately, control; held for 48 h post-hatch with no access to feed or water, Holdnull; held for 48 h with free access to drinking water only, HoldW; held for 48 h with free access to drinking water supplemented with 1 ml per L of betaine solution (40% betaine), HoldB1; or held for 48 h with free access to drinking water supplemented with 2 ml per L of betaine solution (40% betaine), HoldB2 group. The results showed that post-hatch holding for 48 h depressed feed intake and body weight gain during the entire 15 d study period with no beneficial effect of supplemental betaine. Chicks in the HoldB2 group had elevated serum glucose, triglycerides, and aspartate aminotransferase 48 h post-hatch. Early water deprivation directly affected the brain proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and hepatic glucocorticoid receptors (GR) expression and induced significant changes in various aquaporins (AQP1, AQP2, AQP4, and AQP9). In conclusion, betaine supplementation to chicks held for 48 h post-hatch resulted in some changes in blood biochemical indices with no effects on performance during the first 15 days of life. The results suggest that betaine supplementation could ameliorate the stressful effects of water deprivation on POMC and GR expression and maintain cellular osmosis through interactions with variable aquaporins expression, particularly the AQP1 and AQP2. Further investigations are required to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the selective regulatory expression of different aquaporins in relation to betaine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Islam M Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud I Al-Mufarrej
- Department of Animal Production, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Qaid
- Department of Animal Production, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani H Albaadani
- Department of Animal Production, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rashed Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Souza da Silva C, Molenaar R, Giersberg MF, Rodenburg TB, van Riel JW, De Baere K, Van Dosselaer I, Kemp B, van den Brand H, de Jong IC. Day-old chicken quality and performance of broiler chickens from 3 different hatching systems. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100953. [PMID: 33518300 PMCID: PMC7936180 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In on-farm hatching systems, eggs are transported at d 18 of incubation to the broiler farm, where chickens have immediate access to feed and water after hatching. In hatchery-fed systems, newly hatched chickens have immediate access to feed and water in the hatchery and are transported to the farm thereafter. Conventionally hatched chickens can remain without access to feed and water up to 72 h after hatching until placement on the farm. The current study compared day-old chicken quality, performance, and slaughter yield of broiler chickens that were on-farm hatched (OH), hatchery-fed (HF), or conventionally hatchery-hatched (HH). The experiment was performed in 6 rooms in 1 house. Each room contained 2 duplicate pens with approximately 1,155 chickens per pen; 2 rooms with each 2 duplicate pens were assigned to 1 treatment. The experiment was repeated during 3 consecutive production cycles. Chickens originated from young parent stock flocks. Results showed that HF and OH chickens were heavier and longer than HH chickens at day (D) 1. Relative weight of stomach and intestines were highest for OH chickens. The OH chickens had worse day-old chicken quality in terms of navel condition and red hocks than HH and HF chickens. Treatments did not differ in first wk and total mortality. From D0 until slaughter age, body weight was highest for OH, followed by HF and HH. Furthermore, carcass weight at slaughter age (D40) was highest for OH chickens, followed by HF and HH chickens. Breast fillets showed a higher incidence of white striping and wooden breast in HF and OH chickens compared with HH chickens. In conclusion, the current study showed that both OH and HF chickens of young parent flocks had better growth performance, which could explain the higher prevalence of breast myopathies, compared with HH. The worse day-old chicken quality for OH compared with HH and HF does not seem to affect first wk mortality and later life performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Souza da Silva
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands
| | - Roos Molenaar
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands
| | - Mona F Giersberg
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands; Animals in Science and Society, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3508 TD, The Netherlands
| | - T Bas Rodenburg
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands; Animals in Science and Society, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3508 TD, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W van Riel
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands
| | - Kris De Baere
- Experimental Poultry Centre, Province of Antwerp, Geel 2440, Belgium
| | | | - Bas Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands
| | - Henry van den Brand
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid C de Jong
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands.
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Nasri H, van den Brand H, Najjar T, Bouzouaia M. Interactions between egg storage duration and broiler breeder age on egg fat content, chicken organ weights, and growth performance. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4607-4615. [PMID: 32868005 PMCID: PMC7598128 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg storage and breeder age are between the most important factors affecting egg lipids, chicken quality, and posthatch performance. To evaluate these factors, including their interaction, the impact of egg storage duration (5, 12, and 19 D), and breeder age (47 and 67 wk) was investigated in Arbor Acres broiler eggs and chickens. Total yolk fat content, chicken organ development at hatch and at 6 D of age, and posthatch performance (at 7 D and 35 D of age) were determined. Total fat content in fresh yolk was lower in 12 and 19 D stored eggs than in 5 D stored eggs (Δ = -2.42% on average). In hatchlings, the heart percentage was not affected by storage duration in the younger flock but was higher after 19 D than after 5 and 12 D of storage in the old flock (Δ = +0.09% on average). Residual yolk weight was higher after 12 D egg storage than after 5 D egg storage (Δ = +1.7 g), with 19 D egg storage in between. Liver and intestine percentage decreased with storage duration. Residual yolk weight (Δ = +1.09 g) and liver percentage (Δ = +0.18%) were higher in old breeders than in younger breeders. At day 6, chicken BW, yolk free body mass, liver percentage, and intestine percentage interacted between egg storage duration and breeder age with the strongest effects in chickens from older breeder after 19 D of storage. Heart percentage was lower after 19 D compared with 5 and 12 D of storage (Δ = -0.05% on average). Feed intake and feed conversion ratio were higher between day 0 to 7 and 0 to 35 after 19 D than after 5 D egg storage (Δ19-5 D = +12 g and +199 g; +0.11 points and +0.09 points, respectively). It can be concluded that when it is needed, eggs from younger breeders should be stored for a prolonged period (≥12 D) rather than those from older breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedia Nasri
- Department of Animal Production, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1082, Tunisia
| | - Henry van den Brand
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Taha Najjar
- Department of Animal Production, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1082, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Bouzouaia
- National School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Manouba, Ariana, Sidi Thabet 2020, Tunisia
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Kop-Bozbay C, Ocak N. In ovo injection of branched-chain amino acids: Embryonic development, hatchability and hatching quality of turkey poults. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:1135-1142. [PMID: 31050076 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of a branched-chain amino acid blend (BCAA composed of 3 l-leucine:1 l-valine:2 l-isoleucine) injected into the amniotic fluid was evaluated for embryonic growth, yolk-sac (YS) utilization and development of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and skeletal muscles of turkey embryos from day 24 of incubation (24E) to hatching, together with hatchability, poult quality and liver L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values at hatch. At day 22 of incubation, embryonated eggs (n = 240) were assigned to three treatments, that is, eggs were not injected (control, NC) or injected with 1.5 ml sterile solution with 0.9% salt (SA) or 0.2% BCAA blend (BCAAb). These solutions were injected manually into the amniotic fluid of the embryonated eggs. To determine weights and lengths (where appropriate) of the studied organs and tissues, four embryonated eggs and poults per treatment were selected at 24E and at hatch. While the BCAAb decreased the YS and embryo weight, hatchability and the liver L* value, it increased the weight and quality of poults and the weights of breast and thigh muscles at hatch. In conclusion, the in ovo feeding of the BCAA blend negatively affected hatchability but positively affected hatching weight and poult quality by improving development of skeletal muscles and by regulating energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Kop-Bozbay
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Nuh Ocak
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Ipek A, Sozcu A. The effects of broiler breeder age on intestinal development during hatch window, chick quality and first week broiler performance. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2014.978783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bashir A, Usman M, Akram M, Zahoor I, Athar Mahmud A. Effect of Age on Production Performance, Egg Geometry and Quality Traits of Lakha Variety of Aseel Chicken in Pakistan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Bergoug H, Guinebretière M, Tong Q, Roulston N, Romanini CEB, Exadaktylos V, Berckmans D, Garain P, Demmers TGM, McGonnell IM, Bahr C, Burel C, Eterradossi N, Michel V. Effect of transportation duration of 1-day-old chicks on postplacement production performances and pododermatitis of broilers up to slaughter age. Poult Sci 2014; 92:3300-9. [PMID: 24235242 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment studied the effect of transportation duration of 1-d-old chicks on dehydration, mortality, production performance, and pododermatitis during the growout period. Eggs from the same breeder flock (Ross PM3) were collected at 35, 45, and 56 wk of age, for 3 successive identical experiments. In each experiment, newly hatched chicks received 1 of 3 transportation duration treatments from the hatchery before placement in the on-site rearing facility: no transportation corresponding to direct placement in less than 5 min (T00), or 4 (T04) or 10 h (T10) of transportation. The chicks were housed in 35-m(2) pens (650 birds each) and reared until 35 d old. Hematocrit and chick BW were measured on sample chicks before and after transportation. During the growout period, bird weight, feed uptake, and feed conversion ratio were measured weekly until slaughter. Transportation duration affected BW; T00 groups had a significantly higher BW than T04 and T10 transported birds but this effect lasted only until d 21. No clear effect on hematocrit, feed uptake, feed conversion ratio, or mortality was observed for birds transported up to 10 h. The decrease in weight in T10 birds was associated with less severe pododermatitis. Increasing age of the breeder flock was correlated with reduced egg fertility and hatchability, and also with higher quality and BW of hatched chicks. Chicks from older breeders also exhibited reduced mortality during the growout period.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bergoug
- UEB-ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Epidemiology and Welfare Unit, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
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Mahmoud K, Edens F. Breeder age affects small intestine development of broiler chicks with immediate or delayed access to feed. Br Poult Sci 2012; 53:32-41. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.652596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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