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Melo-Duran D, González-Ortiz G, Villagomez-Estrada S, Bedford MR, Farré M, Pérez JF, Solà-Oriol D. Using in feed xylanase or stimbiotic to reduce the variability in corn nutritive value for broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103401. [PMID: 38183881 PMCID: PMC10809089 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of xylanase and stimbiotic (fiber fermentation enhancer) on the response of broiler chickens fed different corn varieties and determine correlations between variables of interest. Four corn genetic varieties were selected based on their range in nutrient composition. Diets containing 600 g/kg of each corn were supplemented with 0 or 100 g/ton of xylanase or stimbiotic. A total of 1,152 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into 12 treatments, each with 8 pens and 12 birds per pen, for a 21-day study. On d 21, performance parameters were measured, and the ileal energy and organic matter (OM) digestibility and cecal xylanase activity determined. Stimbiotic supplementation improved mFCR compared with all other treatments. There was a treatment by corn variety interaction for body weight (BW), BW gain and coefficient of variation (CV) of BW (P ≤ 0.05). Birds fed corn Variety 1 (highest neutral dietary fiber, protein and soluble arabinoxylan content) supplemented with stimbiotic had the highest BW, while Variety 2 control diet had the lowest. The BW CV in corn Variety 2 was the highest, which improved with stimbiotic supplementation. The BW CV in corn Variety 1 responded better to stimbiotic than xylanase. There were no treatment differences on BW CV in corn Varieties 3 and 4. The lowest OM digestibility was observed in birds fed corn Variety 1 with xylanase, and the highest value was associated with corn Variety 3 with xylanase (highest total arabinoxylan). Xylanase and stimbiotic supplementation increased the endogenous xylanase activity regardless of the corn variety (P ≤ 0.05). Positive correlations between corn fiber contents and phytic acid and the arabinose:xylose ratio were seen, while nonstarch polysaccharide content was negatively correlated with apparent metabolizable energy. In conclusion, corn variety influenced nutrient digestibility and broiler chicken growth. The response to supplementation with xylanase or stimbiotic varied based on the nutritional profile of corn with regards to improvements in digestibility and performance in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Melo-Duran
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Animal and Food Science Department, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy, Universidad UTE, Quito 17012764, Ecuador
| | | | - Sandra Villagomez-Estrada
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Animal and Food Science Department, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy, Universidad UTE, Quito 17012764, Ecuador
| | | | - Mercè Farré
- Department of Mathematics, Area of Statistics and Operations Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José F Pérez
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Animal and Food Science Department, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Solà-Oriol
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Animal and Food Science Department, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Zaremba I, Grabowicz M, Biesek J. Effects of feeding silage of beet pulp or maize on the growth performance, meat quality, and production economics of broiler ducks. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103441. [PMID: 38232619 PMCID: PMC10827584 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the growth, meat quality, and production economics of Cherry Valley broiler ducks fed with a commercial diet along with silage from beet pulp or maize. In this study, 180 male Cherry Valley ducks were reared for 49 d. The control group (group C) was fed a commercial diet ad libitum. The experimental groups were fed a restricted amount of commercial diet and ad libitum beet pulp silage (group B) or maize silage (group M). For all groups, the growth performance and meat quality were analyzed, and their production costs were estimated. The beneficial effects of feeding maize silage on the growth rate were observed on d 29 to 49 in group M; moreover, both experimental groups showed lower feed intake than group C (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was lower in the first rearing stage and during the entire experimental period in groups B and M than that in group C. Group M showed a higher European Production Efficiency Factor and European Broiler Index than group C (P < 0.05). The relative weight of the liver was higher in group C than that in the experimental groups (P < 0.05). Group M showed a higher L* value of leg muscles than group C (P < 0.05). Water-holding capacity was higher in leg muscles from ducks fed with silages (P < 0.05). The experimental groups had lower costs of commercial diets. Higher costs were observed for maize silage than for beet pulp silage. Carcass sales yielded the highest profit for group M and the lowest one for group C. Compared with the control group, the silage-fed groups showed a higher estimated profit by PLN 7.94 to 10.68 per duck (P < 0.05). Based on the beneficial production results, notably lower feed conversion ratio, no negative effects on carcass characteristics, and lower production costs, especially maize or even beet pulp silage in broiler duck rearing, could be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Zaremba
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz 85-084, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grabowicz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz 85-084, Poland
| | - Jakub Biesek
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz 85-084, Poland.
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de Oliveira GR, de Andrade C, Bez ICC, Melo ADB, Almeida VV, Magalhães WLE, Weber SH, Sotomaior CS, Luciano FB, Costa LB. Inclusion of Soybean Hulls ( Glycine max) and Pupunha Peach Palm ( Bactris gasipaes) Nanofibers in the Diet of Growing Rabbits: Effects on Zootechnical Performance and Intestinal Health. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020192. [PMID: 36670732 PMCID: PMC9854772 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the inclusion of nanofibers from soybean hulls and pupunha peach palm heart sheaths in the diet of growing rabbits. Twenty-four New Zealand White rabbits (male and female) were allocated in three experimental groups: control, fed a basal diet; Nanosoy, fed a diet containing 7% soybean-hull nanofibers; and Nanopupunha, fed a diet containing 7% pupunha palm heart-sheath nanofibers. The Nanosoy-group rabbits showed poorer final weight, daily feed intake, and daily weight gain than those in other groups. In the duodenum, villus height, total mucosal thickness, and villus width were higher in rabbits that received nanofiber-supplemented diets than in the controls. Higher villus density and wall thickness were observed in Nanopupunha-fed rabbits than in the controls. In the jejunum, although the crypt depth was higher in Nanosoy-fed rabbits, the villus height:crypt depth ratio was higher in the Nanopupunha-fed group. Nanosoy-fed animals exhibited increased count Enterobacteriaceae populations. Rabbits in both nanofiber-fed groups exhibited higher lactic-acid bacterial counts than those in the control-diet group. Therefore, although the inclusion of 7% Nanopupunha in the diet of rabbits did not alter the performance, it improved intestinal health and increased the lactic-acid bacterial count in the cecum of growing rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovane Rosa de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Carla de Andrade
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Isabela Cristina Colaço Bez
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Antonio Diego Brandão Melo
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | | | | | - Saulo Henrique Weber
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Cristina Santos Sotomaior
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Fernando Bittencourt Luciano
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Leandro Batista Costa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-41-99103-8743
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Astuti FD, Sugiharto S, Yudiarti T, Widiastuti E, Wahyuni HI, Ayaşan T. Growth performance, blood variables, intestinal bacterial content, and morphological measurements of broilers supplemented with Lactobacillus casei-fermented mixture of red rice and aromatic ginger. Vet World 2022; 15:818-826. [PMID: 35698530 PMCID: PMC9178562 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.818-826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Natural feed additives are important for broiler sustainability during the post-antibiotic era. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of the dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus casei-fermented mixture of red rice and aromatic ginger (FERMIX) on growth, blood profiles, intestinal bacterial content, and morphological measurements of broilers. Materials and Methods: Two hundred broiler chicks were allotted to four groups with five replications, including CONTROL (chicks provided with basal feed), FERMIX025 (basal feed supplemented with 0.25% FERMIX), FERMIX050 (0.50% FERMIX), and FERMIX100 (1.00% FERMIX). FERMIX is an anaerobic fermentation product from a mixture of red rice flour and aromatic ginger using L. casei. Blood, organs, digesta, and carcass were collected on day 35. Results: Final body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio did not differ (p>0.05) across treatments. FERMIX at 0.5% increased (p<0.05) spleen relative weight. Liver weight was lower (p<0.05) in broilers fed with 1% FERMIX. The liver weight linearly reduced (p<0.05) with the increased FERMIX levels. FERMIX at 0.25% elevated (p<0.05) broiler drumsticks’ yield than that in other groups. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and plasma total protein levels were quadratically higher (p<0.05) in FERMIX050 treated than in other groups. Increased FERMIX levels resulted in a linear decrease (p=0.08) in ileal lactose-negative Enterobacteriaceae counts. Villi height/crypt depth (CD) ratio was quadratically higher (p<0.05) in the duodenum of broiler supplemented with 0.5% FERMIX. The jejunal CD was quadratically lower (p<0.05) in FERMIX050 than in other groups. Conclusion: Although it did not influence growth, dietary FERMIX, especially at 0.5%, improved immune competencies, physiological conditions, and health of broilers’ intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitri Dwi Astuti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Sugiharto Sugiharto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Turrini Yudiarti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Endang Widiastuti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Hanny I. Wahyuni
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Tugay Ayaşan
- Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Kadirli Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Organic Farming Business Management, Osmaniye, Turkey
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Li Y, Xia D, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang H, Huang L, Shen J, Wang S, Feng Y, He D, Wang J, Ye H, Zhu Y, Yang L, Wang W. Dietary fibers with different viscosity regulate lipid metabolism via ampk pathway: roles of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101742. [PMID: 35245807 PMCID: PMC8892021 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) improves gastrointestinal health and has important associations with the alleviation of intestinal diseases and metabolic syndrome. However, due to DFs complex characteristics, such as solubility, viscosity, and fermentability, the mechanism in these was not consistent. As an herbivore, the goose has a prominent digestive ability to DF. Therefore, we choose low, medium, and high viscosity DFs (respectively resistant starch-3 []RS], inulin [INU], and β–glucan [GLU]) as Magang goose diet treatment for 4 wk, to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of different viscosities DFs on the growth and development process of goose. In summary, three degrees of viscous DFs could decrease the mechanismic lipid level of geese by promoting acid-producing bacteria and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, therefore, activating AMPK pathway-related genes through the gut-liver axis. High viscous DF has a greater lipid-lowering effect on geese, while medium viscous DF has preferable intestinal mucosal protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Animal Science, Guangdong Maoming Agriculture & Forestry Technical College, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Daiyang Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiufen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiajia Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shunxiang Wang
- Gold Coin Feedmill (Dong Guan) Co. Ltd, Dongguan 52300, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Gold Coin Feedmill (Dong Guan) Co. Ltd, Dongguan 52300, China
| | - Danyan He
- Gold Coin Feedmill (Dong Guan) Co. Ltd, Dongguan 52300, China
| | - Jiaqing Wang
- Guangdong Haida Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongwen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wence Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Alfaro-Wisaquillo MC, Oviedo-Rondón EO, Cordova-Noboa HA, Caldas JV, Quintana-Ospina GA, Ospina-Rojas IC, Martin VS. Effects of amino acid levels during rearing on Cobb 500 slow-feathering broiler breeders: 1. Growth and development. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101327. [PMID: 34329988 PMCID: PMC8335654 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate pullet nutrition is essential to reach BW and suitable body composition for reproduction. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of 4 dietary amino acid (AA) levels on BW, flock uniformity, body conformation, organ, leg, and feathering development of broiler breeder pullets during the rearing phase from 5 to 24 wk. A total of 1,360 Cobb-500 slow-feathering (SF) pullets were randomly placed in 16-floor pens with 85 females per pen. Diets with corn, soybean meal, and wheat-midds were formulated without protein restriction maintaining minimum ratios between essential AA and Lys on a digestible (dig) ideal basis. Treatments consisted of 4 dietary AA levels with 80% (low-AA), 90% (moderate-AA), 100% (standard-AA), and 110% (high-AA) of the Cobb-Vantress recommendations guided by dig Lys using balanced protein. Up to 4 wk, all pullets were fed a common starter crumble diet. Grower and developer mash diets were fed to pullets from 5 to 15 wk and from 16 to 24 wk, respectively. Pullets fed standard-AA and high-AA diets were heavier (P < 0.001) than those fed low-AA diets at 10, 15, and 20 wk of age. High-AA diets resulted in better (P = 0.040) flock uniformity at 10 wk. Pullets fed a high-AA diet had the highest (P = 0.041) relative breast weight at 20 wk of age and the lowest (P = 0.044) deposits of abdominal fat at 15 wk of age. Fleshing increased (P < 0.05) as AA content rise in the diet, while the relative shank length (P < 0.001) and the number of wing juvenile feathers (P = 0.004) decreased. Pullets fed the lowest dietary AA level had the longest (P = 0.007) small intestine relative to BW at 10 wk of age, but a smaller (P = 0.001) liver than those fed moderate and standard-AA diets at 20 wk of age. Dietary AA levels have important effects on pullet BW, fleshing, and organ development during rearing with potential reproductive performance impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar O Oviedo-Rondón
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA.
| | - Hernan A Cordova-Noboa
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
| | | | - Gustavo A Quintana-Ospina
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
| | - Ivan C Ospina-Rojas
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
| | - Viviana San Martin
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
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Röhe I, Urban J, Dijkslag A, Te Paske J, Zentek J. Impact of an energy- and nutrient-reduced diet containing 10% lignocellulose on animal performance, body composition and egg quality of dual purpose laying hens. Arch Anim Nutr 2018; 73:1-17. [PMID: 30545247 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2018.1551950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In response to ethical concerns regarding the killing of day-old male chicks of layer breeds, the use of dual purpose chickens is increasingly discussed in public while data on nutritional requirements of dual purpose laying hens are not available. The present study examined the impact of an energy- and nutrient-reduced diet containing lignocellulose on performance, body composition and egg quality of dual purpose hens. Female Lohmann Dual chicks were allocated to 12 pens and fed two different diets for 52 weeks: a control (CON) and a treatment diet (LC), based on CON but diluted with 10% lignocellulose. During the trial, animal performance, whole-body composition and egg quality parameters of hens were consistently ascertained. The results showed that LC-fed hens had lower body weights compared to those receiving CON (p < 0.05). During the laying period, feed intake was increased in LC-fed hens (p < 0.001). LC-fed hens showed a higher egg production and egg mass resulting in an improved feed efficiency (p < 0.05) and laid smaller eggs compared to CON-fed hens (p < 0.001). At 52 weeks of age, bodies of LC-fed hens had higher protein and lower fat contents than those fed with CON diet (p ≤ 0.001). Mean body weight was positively correlated to the body fat content (p = 0.004) and body fat content was negatively correlated to the egg production (p = 0.043). Analyses of the egg quality showed that yolk mass at all sampling points and albumen mass at 27 and 42 weeks were lower in hens fed with diet LC compared to those fed with diet CON (p< 0.05). In conclusion, the feeding of energy- and nutrient-reduced diets containing 10% lignocellulose reduced the body fat content and simultaneously improved the laying performance in dual purpose hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilen Röhe
- a Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Julia Urban
- a Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | | | | | - Jürgen Zentek
- a Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany
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8
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Rao SVR, Raju MVLN, Prakash B, Rajkumar U, Srilatha T, Reddy EPK. Effect of feeding higher concentrations of limiting amino acids on performance, slaughter variables and nitrogen retention in broiler chicken fed graded levels of toasted guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) meal. Br Poult Sci 2018; 59:539-544. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1483574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. V. Rama Rao
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - M. V. L. N. Raju
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - B. Prakash
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - U. Rajkumar
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - T. Srilatha
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - E. P. K. Reddy
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad, India
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9
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Wang G, Kim WK, Cline MA, Gilbert ER. Factors affecting adipose tissue development in chickens: A review. Poult Sci 2018; 96:3687-3699. [PMID: 28938790 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intense genetic selection for rapid growth in broilers has resulted in an increase in voluntary feed intake and growth rate, accompanied by increased fat deposition in adipose tissue depots throughout the body. Adipose tissue expansion is a result of the formation of adipocytes (several processes collectively referred to as adipogenesis) and cellular accumulation of triacylglycerols inside lipid droplets. In mammals, different anatomical depots are metabolically distinct. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying adipose tissue development have been characterized in mammalian models, whereas information in avian species is scarce. The purpose of this review is to describe factors regulating adipogenesis in chickens, with an emphasis on dietary factors and the broiler. Results from many studies have demonstrated effects of dietary nutrient composition on adipose tissue development and lipid metabolism. Transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins α and β, and sterol regulatory element binding proteins orchestrate a series of cellular events that lead to an increase in activity of fatty acid transport proteins and enzymes that are responsible for triacylglycerol synthesis. Understanding the mechanisms underlying adipose tissue development may provide a practical strategy to affect body composition of the commercial broiler while providing insights on diets that maximize conversion into muscle rather than fat and affect depot-dependent deposition of lipids. Because of the propensity to overeat and become obese, the broiler chicken also represents an attractive biomedical model for eating disorders and obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
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Lesuisse J, Li C, Schallier S, Clímaco W, Bautil A, Everaert N, Buyse J. Multigenerational effects of a reduced balanced protein diet during the rearing and laying period of broiler breeders. 1. Performance of the F1 breeder generation. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1651-1665. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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11
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Kim E, Rew HJ, Shin TK, Cho HM, Wickramasuriya SS, Yi YJ, Jeong J, Choi I, Heo JM. Standard Body Weight and Serum Estradiol and Progesterone Concentrations in Response to Total Lysine Content in Female Broiler Breeders from 14 to 42 Days after Hatch. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Kim
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - HJ Rew
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - TK Shin
- Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - HM Cho
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | | | - YJ Yi
- Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - J Jeong
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - I Choi
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - JM Heo
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
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Ahmadi S, Mainali R, Nagpal R, Sheikh-Zeinoddin M, Soleimanian-Zad S, Wang S, Deep G, Kumar Mishra S, Yadav H. Dietary Polysaccharides in the Amelioration of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Metabolic Diseases. OBESITY & CONTROL THERAPIES : OPEN ACCESS 2017; 4. [PMID: 30474051 DOI: 10.15226/2374-8354/4/2/00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and cancer has evolved into a global epidemic over the last century. The rate of these disorders is continuously rising due to the lack of effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. This warrants for the development of novel strategies that could help in the prevention, treatment and/ or better management of such disorders. Although the complex pathophysiology of these metabolic diseases is one of the major hurdles in the development of preventive and/or therapeutic strategies, there are some factors that are or can speculated to be more effective to target than others. Recently, gut microbiome has emerged as one of the major contributing factors in metabolic diseases, and developing positive modulators of gut microbiota is being considered to be of significant interest. Natural non-digestible polysaccharides from plants and food sources are considered potent modulators of gut microbiome that can feed certain beneficial microbes in the gut. This has led to an increased interest in the isolation of novel bioactive polysaccharides from different plants and food sources and their application as functional components to modulate the gut microbiome composition to improve host's health including metabolism. Therefore, polysaccharides, as prebiotics components, are being speculated to confer positive effects in managing metabolic diseases like obesity and diabetes. In this review article, we summarize some of the most common polysaccharides from plants and food that impact metabolic health and discuss why and how these could be helpful in preventing or ameliorating metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Ahmadi
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine- Molecular Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rabina Mainali
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine- Molecular Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine- Molecular Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mahmoud Sheikh-Zeinoddin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sabihe Soleimanian-Zad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.,Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine- Molecular Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Gagan Deep
- Deparment of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar Mishra
- Molecular Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hariom Yadav
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine- Molecular Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Shao D, Shen Y, Zhao X, Wang Q, Hu Y, Shi S, Tong H. Low-protein diets with balanced amino acids reduce nitrogen excretion and foot pad dermatitis without affecting the growth performance and meat quality of free-range yellow broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1400414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yiru Shen
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Shourong Shi
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Haibing Tong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Qin S, Han H, Zhang K, Ding X, Bai S, Wang J, Zeng Q. Dietary fibre alleviates hepatic fat deposition via inhibiting lipogenic gene expression in meat ducks. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 102:e736-e745. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Qin
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education; Sichuan Agricultural University; Chengdu China
| | - H. Han
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education; Sichuan Agricultural University; Chengdu China
| | - K. Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education; Sichuan Agricultural University; Chengdu China
| | - X. Ding
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education; Sichuan Agricultural University; Chengdu China
| | - S. Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education; Sichuan Agricultural University; Chengdu China
| | - J. Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education; Sichuan Agricultural University; Chengdu China
| | - Q. Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education; Sichuan Agricultural University; Chengdu China
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Lesuisse J, Li C, Schallier S, Leblois J, Everaert N, Buyse J. Feeding broiler breeders a reduced balanced protein diet during the rearing and laying period impairs reproductive performance but enhances broiler offspring performance. Poult Sci 2017; 96:3949-3959. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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16
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Souza C, Jaimes JJB, Gewehr CE. Equations of prediction for abdominal fat in brown egg-laying hens fed different diets. Poult Sci 2017; 96:1688-1695. [PMID: 27915268 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to use noninvasive measurements to formulate equations for predicting the abdominal fat weight of laying hens in a noninvasive manner. Hens were fed with different diets; the external body measurements of birds were used as regressors. We used 288 Hy-Line Brown laying hens, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement, submitted for 16 wk to 2 metabolizable energy levels (2,550 and 2,800 kcal/kg) and 3 levels of crude protein in the diet (150, 160, and 170 g/kg), totaling 6 treatments, with 48 hens each. Sixteen hens per treatment of 92 wk age were utilized to evaluate body weight, bird length, tarsus and sternum, greater and lesser diameter of the tarsus, and abdominal fat weight, after slaughter. The equations were obtained by using measures evaluated with regressors through simple and multiple linear regression with the stepwise method of indirect elimination (backward), with P < 0.10 for all variables remaining in the model. The weight of abdominal fat as predicted by the equations and observed values for each bird were subjected to Pearson's correlation analysis. The equations generated by energy levels showed coefficients of determination of 0.50 and 0.74 for 2,800 and 2,550 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy, respectively, with correlation coefficients of 0.71 and 0.84, with a highly significant correlation between the calculated and observed values of abdominal fat. For protein levels of 150, 160, and 170 g/kg in the diet, it was possible to obtain coefficients of determination of 0.75, 0.57, and 0.61, with correlation coefficients of 0.86, 0.75, and 0.78, respectively. Regarding the general equation for predicting abdominal fat weight, the coefficient of determination was 0.62; the correlation coefficient was 0.79. The equations for predicting abdominal fat weight in laying hens, based on external measurements of the birds, showed positive coefficients of determination and correlation coefficients, thus allowing researchers to determine abdominal fat weight in vivo.
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Bogusławska-Tryk M, Piotrowska A, Szymeczko R, Burlikowska K, Głowińska B. LIPID METABOLISM INDICES AND FATTY ACIDS PROFILE IN THE BLOOD SERUM OF BROILER CHICKENS FED A DIET WITH LIGNOCELLULOSE. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Piotrowska
- UTP University of Science and Technology, Poland
| | - R Szymeczko
- UTP University of Science and Technology, Poland
| | | | - B Głowińska
- UTP University of Science and Technology, Poland
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Effects of in Ovo Injection and Inclusion a Blend of Essential Oils and Organic Acids in High NSPs Diets of Broiler Breeders on Performance of Them and Their Offspring. J Poult Sci 2016; 53:192-200. [PMID: 32908383 PMCID: PMC7477136 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0150150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two factorial completely randomized design trials 2×2 and 2×2×2 were conducted to evaluate the effect of a blend of essential oils and organic acids (Biacid™) in broiler breeder diets at two levels, two dietary non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) levels and in ovo injection of Biacid™ on their progenies performance, respectively. 240 broiler breeders of Ross 308 strain were fed from the age of week 44th for 12 weeks in four groups. 120 produced eggs from each group were divided in two groups of 60 eggs for injecting by 0.5 ml of Biacid™ or distilled water. Injection was done during transferring from setter to hatcher in day 18th of incubation. Twenty-five cockerels from each of 8 treatments were housed into separate pens. Using Biacid™ and high NSPs in broiler breeders' ration affected hatchability, embryo mortality, weight of day old chicks and progenies' carcass yield significantly (p<0.05) whereas in ovo injection of Biacid™ did not show significant effects in this regards (p≥0.05). Offspring's abdominal fat was neither affected by broiler breeders' rations nor in ovo injection of Biacid™ (p≥0.05). Biacid™ and high NSPs content in broiler breeders' ration affected all primary and secondary humoral immune responses of progenies against sheep red blood cells (p<0.05). In ovo injection of Biacid™ increased the primary IgG, primary IgT and secondary IgG responses (p<0.05). The interaction of the effects of Biacid™ and high NSPs in broiler breeders' ration and also in ovo injection of Biacid™ affected progenies' weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and European production index significantly (p<0.05). It seems that using Biacid™ in broiler breeders' diet can modify the undesirable effects of high NSPs content of breeders' ration on performance of their offspring.
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Han H, Zhang K, Ding X, Bai S, Luo Y, Wang J, Peng H, Zeng Q. Effects of dietary nanocrystalline cellulose supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal development and lipid metabolism of meat ducks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:192-197. [PMID: 29767015 PMCID: PMC5941041 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal development, and lipid metabolism was assessed in 600 one-day-old male meat ducks (Cherry Valley ducks) from 1 to 35 d of age. Diets were supplemented with 0, 200, 500, 800 and 1,500 mg/kg NCC during both the starter (1–14 d) and grower (15–35 d) phases. Each dietary treatment consisted of 8 replicate cages of 15 birds. Supplementation of NCC was associated with dose dependent increases in BW gain and feed intake (P < 0.01) during 1–14 d of age and in BW at 35 d of age. As NCC content increased, the percentage of breast meat weight (P < 0.05) and leg (with bone) weight (P < 0.05) linearly increased, while the percentage of abdominal fat weight (P < 0.01) linearly decreased in ducks at 35 d of age. Supplementation of NCC resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the weight (P < 0.05) and density (P < 0.01) of the cecum. The percentage of total hepatic lipid content (P < 0.01) at 14 d of age and serum triglyceride (TG) concentration (P = 0.052) at 35 d of age linearly decreased with increasing of dietary NCC addition. In conclusion, inclusion of 1,500 mg/kg NCC in feed resulted in the greatest improvements in duck performance, intestinal development and lipid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Han
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yueheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huanwei Peng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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20
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Rahmatnejad E, Saki AA. Effect of dietary fibres on small intestine histomorphology and lipid metabolism in young broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:665-72. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Rahmatnejad
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan Iran
| | - A. A. Saki
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan Iran
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Ekmay R, Salas C, England J, Cerrate S, Coon C. Lysine partitioning in broiler breeders is not affected by energy or protein intake when fed at current industry levels. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1737-44. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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22
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Functional food ingredients for the management of obesity and associated co-morbidities – A review. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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