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Wu Y, Zhou X, Wang M, Wang W, Yang Y. Effect of light intensity on growth performance and bone development of tibia in broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:192-199. [PMID: 35060202 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Light management affects the health outcomes and growth performance of broiler chickens. However, the effects of different light intensities on growth performance and its association with tibia development of broilers remain unclear. In the present study, 462 Ross male broilers were divided into seven treatment groups with 6 replicates (11 birds per replicate), and then were subjected to different light intensity levels (0.5, 2, 5, 7, 9, 13 or 19 Lx) for 42 days. The results demonstrated that broilers under lower light intensity (2, 5Lx) obtained higher body weight (p < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). Lower light intensity exposure had no effects on the length, width, weight, breaking strength and the mineral density of the tibia (p > 0.05), but led to increased ash content and phosphorus during the starter phase (p < 0.05). Also, plasma levels of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and alkaline phosphatase were increased in response to lower light intensity conditions (p < 0.05), but decreased under higher light intensity (p < 0.05), indicating dynamic mineral metabolic and depositional activity to light intensity. In addition, broilers exposed to lower intensity (0.5 Lx, 2 Lx and 5 Lx) during the starter phase had decreased hypertrophic chondrocytes (p < 0.05), but did not affect resting zone chondrocytes and proliferative chondrocytes of the growth plate (p > 0.05). In contrast, the light intensity did not affect the growth performance and the development of the tibia of broilers during the finishing phase. In summary, we demonstrated that lower light intensity promoted the growth performance and the bone development of broilers. Application of lower light intensity at the starter phase might be a management strategy for broiler industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Nantong Tiancheng Modern Agricultural Technology Co. Ltd., Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Tan Z, Sun J, Liu X, Liu J, Wang S. Interactions between color and intensity of LED light on growth performance, serum biochemical profile, immune response variable, and nutrient apparent utilization in broiler chicken. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13717. [PMID: 35445771 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) color and intensity of broilers. One-day-old Cobb-500 broilers (n = 648) were fed nine groups with six replicates; three light colors (white, blue, & green) and intensities (for 1 to 7 days, viz., 20, 40, and 60 lx; for 8 to 42 days, viz., 5, 10, and 15 lx) were applied. Test lasted for 42 days. Results indicated that compared with blue light, 60-lx white light for 1 to 7 days increased the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of broilers (p < 0.01). In the 10-lx light groups, the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and the concentrations of albumin (ALB) (p < 0.05) increased. Moreover, the nutrient apparent utilization for ether extract (EE) under 10-lx green light was higher than that under 15-lx blue light (p < 0.01). The interaction effects of light intensity and light color had an extremely significant influence on the ADG for 1 to 7 days, IL-2 level, ALB content, and EE apparent utilization rate (p < 0.01) and had a significant influence on the ADFI and F/G for 1 to 7 days (p < 0.05). The production performance of broilers reared in three-layer cage could be improved by using 60-lx white LED light for 1 to 7 days and 5- to 10-lx green LED light or 10-lx white LED light for 8 to 42 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinling Sun
- College of Science and Information, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Science and Information, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shubai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Shi L, Li Y, Yuan J, Ma H, Wang P, Ni A, Ge P, Chen C, Li D, Sun Y, Chen J. Effects of age at photostimulation on sexual maturity and reproductive performance in rooster breeders. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101011. [PMID: 33752068 PMCID: PMC8005824 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2 × 4 factorial experiment was designed to determine the effect of strain and photostimulation age on sexual maturity and reproductive performance of rooster breeders. A total of 96 White Leghorn (WL) and 120 Beijing You Chicken (BYC) roosters were randomly allocated to 4 treatments at 14 wk of age. The treatments represent photostimulation at 16, 18, 20, and 22 wk of age, respectively (PS16, PS18, PS20, and PS22), in both strains. Photostimulation was achieved by increasing the day length from 8L:16D to 14L:10D and by increasing lighting intensity from 10 lx to 80 lx. Three birds from each interaction were sacrificed to characterize the comb and testis weights at 4 time points: 1 d before photostimulation and 2, 4, and 6 wk after photostimulation. Semen quality and hatching performance with the semen of the experimental roosters were measured at 30 and 45 wk of age, respectively. Results showed that the testis weight of PS20 and PS22 in WL and BYC was 6.4- and 2.9-fold higher than that of PS18 before photostimulation, while testis weight of PS18 in both strains increased sharply after photostimulation. The diameter of seminiferous tubules increased in the photostimulated roosters as compared with the nonphotostimulated ones, and mature spermatozoa were produced 4 wk after photostimulation and at 20 wk of age for PS16. The WL had lower semen volume and total sperm count than BYC (P < 0.01), but there was no difference on effective sperm count (P > 0.05). In addition, semen quality traits were not affected by age at photostimulation (P > 0.05) in both strains. The fertility and hatching performance were not affected by strain or photostimulation age (P > 0.05). In summary, the sexual maturation of rooster breeders can be advanced by photostimulation at an early age, which does not lead to a difference in semen quality or hatching performance at adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunlei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Panlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Aixin Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pingzhuang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongli Li
- Beijing Bainianliyuan Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd., Beijing 101500, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jilan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Gogoi S, Kolluri G, Tyagi JS, Marappan G, Manickam K, Narayan R. Impact of heat stress on broilers with varying body weights: Elucidating their interactive role through physiological signatures. J Therm Biol 2021; 97:102840. [PMID: 33863426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Physiological determinants of different body weight (BW) broiler chickens under heat stressed conditions were investigated to compare the performance at market age considering medium body weight group as standard. At 5 weeks, broilers were categorized randomly into 3 treatments (N = 24 per group) as high (HBW) (>1050 g), medium (MBW) (900-1050 g) and low (LBW) (<900 g) followed by simultaneous exposure to normal and heat stress (HS) conditions at 40 ± 1 °C and 45 ± 5% RH for 4 h/day for a period of 7 days (D) and sample collection was employed at D0, D3 and D7. Physiological and stress responses, haematological and biochemical profile, intestinal gross and histological aspects were estimated using standard protocols. Heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure were significantly (P = 0.000) higher in HBW broilers followed by low and medium ones. Heat stress exposure indicated significant (P = 0.000) increase in heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiration rate and comb temperature while cloacal temperature remained unaffected. Lymphocytes, eosinophils, total red blood cell count, haemoglobin, and haematocrit were reduced (P = 0.000) whereas mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, heterophil count and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio were increased (P = 0.000) in response to HS. Circulating corticosterone and tri-iodothyronine concentrations showed inverse relationship with respect to BW variation and HS duration respectively with significant interaction (P = 0.000). Higher protein in LBW was observed on D3. Serum triglycerides remained unaffected till D3 exposure but significantly (P = 0.017) reduced on D7 with lowest content in HBW group. Serum alkaline phosphatase increased in LBW group with significant heat stress interaction (P = 0.000) on D3. HS reduced villi length and crypt depth; but their corresponding ratio increased. In conclusion, HBW broilers are more affected than MBW or LBW groups. This study established interactive roles of BW and HS on physiological responses in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnali Gogoi
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gautham Kolluri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jagbir Singh Tyagi
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gopi Marappan
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kesavan Manickam
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raj Narayan
- Division of Avian Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Varmaghany S, Jafari H, Javad. Evaluation of cardiac status, ascites related factors and growth performance of five commercial strains of broiler chickens. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.50295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate cardiac status, ascites susceptibility, thyroid hormones, some hematological parameters and performance of five commercial broiler strains. Chicks were selected from strains of Cobb, Hubbard, Ross 308, Arbor Acres, and Arian (Iranian commercial broiler strain). Management and nutritional conditions were the same for all strains. Ascites related factors, and growth performance were measured. The highest and lowest, RV weight/live weight at 21 day of age were related to Arian and Ross 308 strains, respectively (p < 0.05). The TV weight, TV weight/live weight and the RV weight/live weight were significantly different between various strains at 49 and 54 days of age (p < 0.05). Strain had no effect on RV/TV. Performance, T3 and T4 hormones, hematological parameters, and mortalities were not significantly different among the strains (p > 0.05). Ascites mortalities in the Ross 308 was zero; however, it had no significant difference with other strains (p > 0.05). It was concluded that, based on performance and physiological status, even though considered broiler strains did not differ significantly because of the same genetic programs probably, but according to the prices and market conditions each can be selected for breeding.
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Hofmann T, Schmucker SS, Bessei W, Grashorn M, Stefanski V. Impact of Housing Environment on the Immune System in Chickens: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1138. [PMID: 32635616 PMCID: PMC7401558 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During their lifespan, chickens are confronted with a wide range of acute and chronic stressors in their housing environment that may threaten their welfare and health by modulating the immune system. Especially chronic stressful conditions can exceed the individual's allostatic load, with negative consequences for immunity. A fully functional immune system is mandatory for health and welfare and, consequently, also for high productivity and safe animal products. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of housing form, light regime as well as aerial ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations on the immune system in chickens. Certain housing conditions are clearly associated with immunological alterations which potentially impair the success of vaccinations or affect disease susceptibility. Such poor conditions counteract sustainable poultry production. This review also outlines current knowledge gaps and provides recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Hofmann
- Department of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr, 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Sonja S. Schmucker
- Department of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr, 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Werner Bessei
- Department of Livestock Population Genomics, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr, 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; (W.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Michael Grashorn
- Department of Livestock Population Genomics, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr, 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; (W.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Volker Stefanski
- Department of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr, 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
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7
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Kang SW, Christensen KD, Aldridge D, Kuenzel WJ. Effects of light intensity and dual light intensity choice on plasma corticosterone, central serotonergic and dopaminergic activities in birds, Gallus gallus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 285:113289. [PMID: 31557469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Light intensity plays an important role in the regulation of growth, behavior, reproduction, and welfare of avian species. Light intensity preference behavior has been suggested to be involved in welfare of birds. This study aims to investigate the effects of different light intensity and dual light intensity choice (DLIC) lighting program on plasma corticosterone (CORT), and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2, the rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin biosynthesis) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, the rate-limiting enzyme of dopamine biosynthesis) gene expression in the brainstem of male chickens. Day old broilers were housed in two commercial houses, and placed in 24 pens. All the treatment groups were provided with 23 h light (L) /1 h dark (D) and 30 lx (lx) light intensity during the first week and then 18L:6D (10 lx) from day 7 to 14. Blood and brain were sampled at 14 days of age (10 lx) before the onset of light treatments. On day 15, four treatments (2, 10, 20, and 100 lx), and DLIC treatment (2/20 lx) were initiated. Samples were collected on days 15, 16, 17, 30 and 41. TPH2 expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and caudal raphe nucleus (CRN) of brainstem, and TPH2 and TH expression in ventral tegmental areas (VTN) of the midbrain were determined by qPCR. Results showed that bright light and DLIC lighting program temporarily attenuated plasma CORT, suggesting the short-term stress attenuating effect of bright light and DLIC lighting program. Differential TPH2 expression in the DRN and CRN observed in the DLIC birds indicate a significant effect of DLIC lighting program on the serotonergic activity in the avian brainstem. At the 41 days of age, the significant downregulation of TPH2 and TH expression occurred in the VTA of DLIC treated birds compared to the other group of birds. Taken together, temporal and spatial regulation of TPH2 and TH expression by DLIC lighting program indicate that compensatory regulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic activities might be involved in the light intensity preference behavior of birds, suggesting a possible beneficial effect of the DLIC lighting program on broiler welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong W Kang
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
| | | | - Douglas Aldridge
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Wayne J Kuenzel
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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8
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Guo YL, Ma SM, Du JJ, Chen JL. Effects of Light Intensity on Growth, Anti-Stress Ability and Immune Function in Yellow Feathered Broilers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YL Guo
- Gansu Agricultural University, China
| | - SM Ma
- Gansu Agricultural University, China
| | - JJ Du
- Gansu Agricultural University, China
| | - JL Chen
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
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9
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Yang Y, Pan C, Zhong R, Pan J. Artificial light and biological responses of broiler chickens: dose-response. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:98-107. [PMID: 29432604 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skx044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Light intensity is an important aspect for broiler production. However, previous results do not provide a solid scientific basis for quantifying the response of broilers to light intensity. This study performed a meta-analysis to model the response of broilers to 0.1-200 lux of light intensity. Meta-analysis was used to integrate smaller studies and increase the statistical power over that of any single study and explore new hypotheses. The results indicated that light intensity <5 lux caused welfare concern (P < 0.05) and light intensity <1 lux induced productivity loss of broiler (P < 0.05), whereas greater level of light intensity >10 lux led to increased mortality (P < 0.01) and decreased uniformity (P < 0.05). Meta-regression showed that 30-200 lux light intensity was negatively related to BW (P = 0.047) and feed intake change (P = 0.054), whereas a quadratic relationship was observed between feed conversion ratio change and 50-180 lux light intensity (R2 = 0.95). In addition, the majority of carcass characteristics (abdominal fat weight and wing weight) and metabolic indicators (K+, Ca2+, and T3) were affected by light intensity >5 lux. To conclude, this meta-analysis based on published data quantitatively identified that 5 lux of light intensity during grow-out period should be the minimum level to maintain a well productivity and welfare of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefeng Yang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenghao Pan
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renhai Zhong
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Pan
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Effects of light regimen and nutrient density on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and health of slow-growing broiler chickens. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Olanrewaju H, Miller W, Maslin W, Collier S, Purswell J, Branton S. Effects of light sources and intensity on broilers grown to heavy weights. Part 1: Growth performance, carcass characteristics, and welfare indices. Poult Sci 2016; 95:727-35. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Kim JE, Lillehoj HS, Hong YH, Kim GB, Lee SH, Lillehoj EP, Bravo DM. Dietary Capsicum and Curcuma longa oleoresins increase intestinal microbiome and necrotic enteritis in three commercial broiler breeds. Res Vet Sci 2015; 102:150-8. [PMID: 26412535 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Three commercial broiler breeds were fed from hatch with a diet supplemented with Capsicum and Curcuma longa oleoresins, and co-infected with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens to induce necrotic enteritis (NE). Pyrotag deep sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA showed that gut microbiota compositions were quite distinct depending on the broiler breed type. In the absence of oleoresin diet, the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), was decreased in infected Cobb, and increased in Ross and Hubbard, compared with the uninfected. In the absence of oleoresin diet, all chicken breeds had a decreased Candidatus Arthromitus, while the proportion of Lactobacillus was increased in Cobb, but decreased in Hubbard and Ross. Oleoresin supplementation of infected chickens increased OTUs in Cobb and Ross, but decreased OTUs in Hubbard, compared with unsupplemented/infected controls. Oleoresin supplementation of infected Cobb and Hubbard was associated with an increased percentage of gut Lactobacillus and decreased Selenihalanaerobacter, while Ross had a decreased fraction of Lactobacillus and increased Selenihalanaerobacter, Clostridium, Calothrix, and Geitlerinema. These results suggest that dietary Capsicum/Curcuma oleoresins reduced the negative consequences of NE on body weight and intestinal lesion, in part, through alteration of the gut microbiome in 3 commercial broiler breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Kim
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
| | - Yeong Ho Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, South Korea.
| | - Geun Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, South Korea.
| | - Sung Hyen Lee
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, South Korea.
| | - Erik P Lillehoj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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