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Sou YL, Chilian WM, Ratnam W, Zain SM, Syed Abdul Kadir SZ, Pan Y, Pung YF. Exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs: potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2024; 7:pbae021. [PMID: 39347441 PMCID: PMC11438237 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are negative regulators of their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), in which they bind either to inhibit mRNA translation, or to induce mRNA decay. Similar to proteins, miRNAs exist in different isoforms (isomiRs). miRNAs and isomiRs are selectively loaded into small extracellular vesicles, such as the exosomes, to protect them from RNase degradation. In T2DM, exosomal miRNAs produced by different cell types are transported among the primary sites of insulin action. These interorgan crosstalk regulate various T2DM-associated pathways such as adipocyte inflammation, insulin signalling, and β cells dysfunction among many others. In this review, we first focus on the mechanism of exosome biogenesis, followed by miRNA biogenesis and isomiR formation. Next, we discuss the roles of exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs in the development of T2DM and provide evidence from clinical studies to support their potential roles as T2DM biomarkers. Lastly, we highlight the use of exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs in personalized medicine, as well as addressing the current challenges and future opportunities in this field. This review summarizes how research on exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs has developed from the very basic to clinical applications, with the goal of advancing towards the era of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ling Sou
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Wickneswari Ratnam
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
| | - Shamsul Mohd Zain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Yan Pan
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Yuh-Fen Pung
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
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2
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Hacimoto SYS, Cressoni ACL, da Silva LECM, Padovan CC, Ferriani RA, Rosa-e-Silva JC, Meola J. Selection of reference miRNAs for RT-qPCR assays in endometriosis menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306657. [PMID: 39078824 PMCID: PMC11288454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Choosing appropriate reference genes or internal controls to normalize RT-qPCR data is mandatory for the interexperimental reproducibility of gene expression data obtained by RT-qPCR in most studies, including those on endometriosis. Particularly for miRNAs, the choice for reference genes is challenging because of their physicochemical and biological characteristics. Moreover, the retrograde menstruation theory, mesenchymal stem cells in menstrual blood (MenSCs), and changes in post-transcriptional regulatory processes through miRNAs have gained prominence in the scientific community as important players in endometriosis. Therefore, we originally explored the stability of 10 miRNAs expressions as internal control candidates in conditions involving the two-dimensional culture of MenSCs from healthy women and patients with endometriosis. Here, we applied multiple algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder, Bestkeeper, and delta Ct) to screen reference genes and assessed the comprehensive stability classification of miRNAs using RefFinder. Pairwise variation calculated using geNorm identified three miRNAs as a sufficient number of reference genes for accurate normalization. MiR-191-5p, miR-24-3p, and miR-103a-3p were the best combination for suitable gene expression normalization. This study will benefit similar research, but is also attractive for regenerative medicine and clinics that use MenSCs, miRNA expression, and RT-qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Yukari Santos Hacimoto
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Clara Lagazzi Cressoni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiana Carolina Padovan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Alberto Ferriani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Hormones and Women’s Health (Hormona), CNPq, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Rosa-e-Silva
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Meola
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Hormones and Women’s Health (Hormona), CNPq, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Jiang Y, Wang W, Tang F, Zhang W, Chen S, Gu X, Chen P, Xu X, Nian B, Li Z, Chen C, Yin H, Su L, Sun H, Chen W, Zhang D, Li Y. Identifying MiR-140-3p as a stable internal reference to normalize MicroRNA qRT-PCR levels of plasma small extracellular vesicles in lung cancer patients. Genomics 2024; 116:110875. [PMID: 38849018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Exploration of a stably expressed gene as a reference is critical for the accurate evaluation of miRNAs isolated from small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). In this study, we analyzed small RNA sequencing on plasma sEV miRNAs in the training dataset (n = 104) and found that miR-140-3p was the most stably expressed candidate reference for sEV miRNAs. We further demonstrated that miR-140-3p expressed most stably in the validation cohort (n = 46) when compared to two other reference miRNAs, miR-451a and miR-1228-3p, and the commonly-used miRNA reference U6. Finally, we compared the capability of miR-140-3p and U6 as the internal reference for sEV miRNA expression by evaluating key miRNAs expression in lung cancer patients and found that miR-140-3p was more suitable as a sEV miRNA reference gene. Taken together, our data indicated miR-140-3p as a stable internal reference miRNA of plasma sEVs to evaluate miRNA expression profiles in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Faqing Tang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | - Xiumei Gu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaoya Xu
- 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | | | - Zhikuan Li
- 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | | | - Hanbing Yin
- Shenxian People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252411, China
| | - Linlin Su
- Shenxian People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252411, China
| | - Honghou Sun
- Shenxian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liaocheng 252499, China
| | - Wei Chen
- 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | | | - Yuejin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hui Ya Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Singh M, Jassal R, Khetarpal P. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for endometriosis: a patent landscape. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:831-842. [PMID: 37626175 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to analyze the patent filings and to systematize the main technological trends in patent protection for the diagnosis and therapeutics for endometriosis. Patent literature has also been explored to identify active inventors and applicants in this field. METHODOLOGY Patent search was carried out in the freely accessible patent search databases namely, patentscope using various combinations of the keywords "Endometriosis OR Adenomyosis" AND "Diagnostic OR Therapeutics" were used along with wildcard search queries in the "Title", "Abstract" and "Descriptions" fields. RESULTS A patent search revealed 144 patents describing inventions for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of endometriosis. These patents include 26 patent applications in the diagnostic utility and 116 patent applications under the therapeutic approaches. Out of these 116 patent applications, 43 describe traditional medicines for endometriosis. Two patent applications describe inventions that can fall into both categories. CONCLUSION Efforts are being made to improve current diagnostic instruments. Hormonal alteration methods is the most common field of invention, followed by surgical interventions for therapeutics. A general trend of increase in patent application filings has been observed with a slight decrease in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Reena Jassal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India.
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Duan Y, Yu C, Kuang W, Li J, Qiu S, Ni S, Chen Z. Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes inhibit nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis via the miR-125b-5p/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway axis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1938-1949. [PMID: 37964606 PMCID: PMC10753375 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the pathological basis of a range of degenerative spinal diseases and is the primary cause of lower back pain. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation inhibits IVDD progression. However, the specific mechanisms that underlie these effects remain unclear. In this study, candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) are screened using bioinformatics and high-throughput sequencing. TNF-α is used to induce nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) degeneration. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes) are obtained using high-speed centrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western blot analysis. Cell viability is determined by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assays are used to detect cell apoptosis. The expression levels of miR-125b-5p are detected by RT-qPCR, and a dual-luciferase gene reporter assay confirms the downstream target genes of miR-125b-5p. Protein expression is determined by western blot analysis. Rat models are used to validate the function of miR-125b-5p in MSC-exosomes. The results show that miR-125b-5p is expressed at low levels in degenerated disc tissues compared with that in normal disc tissues; however, it is highly expressed in MSC-exosomes. Furthermore, MSC-exosomes are efficiently taken up by NPCs while miR-125b-5p is delivered into NPCs; thus, MSC-exosomes act as inhibitors of apoptosis in NPCs. Overexpression of miR-125b-5p downregulates TRAF6 expression and inhibits NF-κB activation. However, TRAF6 overexpression reverses these effects of miR-125b-5p. We demonstrate that MSC-exosomes attenuate IVDD in vivo by delivering miR-125b-5p. MSC-exosomes can deliver miR-125b-5p to target TRAF6, inhibit NF-κB activation, and attenuate the progression of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Duan
- Department of Spinal SurgeryZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Spinal SurgeryZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Wenhao Kuang
- Department of Spinal SurgeryZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Spinal SurgeryZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Sujun Qiu
- Department of Spinal SurgeryZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Songjia Ni
- Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Spinal SurgeryZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
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An F, Wang X, Wang C, Liu Y, Sun B, Zhang J, Gao P, Yan C. Research progress on the role of lncRNA-miRNA networks in regulating adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1210627. [PMID: 37645421 PMCID: PMC10461560 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1210627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by a decrease in osteoblasts and an increase in adipocytes in the bone marrow compartment, alongside abnormal bone/fat differentiation, which ultimately results in imbalanced bone homeostasis. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes to maintain bone homeostasis. Several studies have shown that lncRNAs are competitive endogenous RNAs that form a lncRNA-miRNA network by targeting miRNA for the regulation of bone/fat differentiation in BMSCs; this mechanism is closely related to the corresponding treatment of OP and is important in the development of novel OP-targeted therapies. However, by reviewing the current literature, it became clear that there are limited summaries discussing the effects of the lncRNA-miRNA network on osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Therefore, this article provides a review of the current literature to explore the impact of the lncRNA-miRNA network on the osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs, with the aim of providing a new theoretical basis for the treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaxia Wang
- School of Tradional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bai Sun
- School of Tradional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunlu Yan
- School of Tradional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Wang R, Tahiri H, Yang C, Landreville S, Callejo S, Hardy P. MiR-181a-5p inhibits uveal melanoma development by targeting GNAQ and AKT3. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:293-306. [PMID: 36777504 PMCID: PMC9906069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor type in adults. Even after the treatment of the ocular tumor, the prognosis of patients with metastasis remains poor. Hence, an urgent unmet need exists to identify novel approaches to treat advanced UM. Previous studies have revealed G subunit alpha Q and alpha 11 (GNAQ/11) mutations in more than 85% of patients with UM, thus indicating the importance of GNAQ and downstream signaling pathways in UM occurrence. Here, we demonstrate that microRNA (miR)-181a-5p, a small non-coding RNA, effectively inhibited the viability, proliferation, and colony formation but induced apoptosis of UM cells. Furthermore, silencing GNAQ or AKT3 mimicked the anti-UM effects of miR-181a-5p, whereas overexpression of GNAQ or AKT3 rescued the anti-UM effects induced by miR-181a-5p. In addition, miR-181a-5p had a stronger effect in decreasing the viability of GNAQ mutant than GNAQ wild-type cells. Moreover, miR-181a-5p suppressed the total expression and phosphorylation of members of the ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Importantly, miR-181a-5p potently inhibited the growth of UM xenografts in nude mice. MiR-181a-5p also decreased the expression of Ki67, GNAQ, and AKT3, and induced the expression of cleaved-caspase3 in UM tumors. These results suggest that miR-181a-5p inhibits UM development by targeting GNAQ and AKT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Houda Tahiri
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Chun Yang
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Solange Landreville
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervical-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université LavalQuébec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada,Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université LavalQuébec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sonia Callejo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal Health Center (CHUM)Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada,Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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Machida M, Ambo M, Mishina R, Hada N, Tachibana F, Yamashita M, Konda A, Tsuji K. Integrated Predictors by Propensity Scoring With Tumor Markers and Plasma Levels of microRNA-21-5p, IL-17, and IL-10 Complement Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231212084. [PMID: 37960842 PMCID: PMC10647953 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231212084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The clinical usefulness of tumor markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma carboxyprothrombin (DCP) in the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), including those with marker decline after antiviral therapy, is limited. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are expected to complement detection; however, their details remain unknown. Our prospective pilot study aimed to improve the surveillance of HCC high-risk LC patients by propensity scoring with tumor markers and additional predictors. Methods: Tumor markers and plasma levels of cytokines and miRNAs were observationally measured and statistically evaluated with propensity scoring in 85 eligible patients: 43 with current HCC (cHCC) including 8 with early-HCC, 22 with previous HCC cured (pHCC), and 20 with intact LC (iLC). Results: The analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) showed that the best single predictor was AFP (0.794 for cHCC-discrimination and 0.771 for pHCC-discrimination). AFP-DCP integrated with miR-21-5p for cHCC-discrimination was 0.896; with IL-10 for pHCC-discrimination was 0.872, these were significantly better than those of AFP alone, independently (P < .01). The best single predictor for iLC-discrimination was IL-17 level (0.756). IL-17 integrated with AFP-DCP was 0.882, which was significantly better than that of IL-17 alone (P < .01). The positive likelihood ratio (pLR) for cHCC-discrimination by integration of AFP-DCP and miR-21-5p was 32.2. Preliminary validation analysis of early-HCCs compared to conventional AFP and DCP showed the combinations of AFP-DCP and 3 integrated predictors, miR-21-5p for cHCC-discrimination, IL-10 for pHCC-discrimination, and IL-17 for iLC-discrimination, sensitivity, specificity, and pLR, improved from 37.5% to 62.5%, 55.8% to 83.1%, and 0.85 to 3.70, respectively. Conclusion: The predictors of AFP-DCP combined with iR-21-5p, IL-10, and IL-17 by propensity scoring achieved higher discrimination of cHCCs, pHCCs, and iLCs, may be beneficial for the surveillance of early-HCCs, improving prediction of early-HCCs over conventional methods. However, further validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Machida
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mayuko Ambo
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Runa Mishina
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nanaka Hada
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Fuhito Tachibana
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Miki Yamashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ainari Konda
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuji
- Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Center of Gastroenterology, Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan
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Thomas JJ, Harp KO, Bashi A, Hood JL, Botchway F, Wilson MD, Thompson WE, Stiles JK, Driss A. MiR-451a and let-7i-5p loaded extracellular vesicles attenuate heme-induced inflammation in hiPSC-derived endothelial cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1082414. [PMID: 36618355 PMCID: PMC9815029 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1082414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemolysis is associated with many pathologies, including trauma, sepsis, hemorrhagic stroke, malaria, and genetic disorders such as sickle cell disease (SCD). When hemolysis occurs, free-heme drives vascular inflammation, resulting in oxidative tissue damage and cardiometabolic complications. A better understanding of heme clearance and detoxification is essential to preventing sustained tissue damage. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived endothelial cells (hiPSC-ECs) provide a novel source of patient-specific cells and tissues for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative therapeutics. Here we report the use of hiPSC-ECs to elucidate the role of miR-451a and let-7i-5p-loaded extracellular vesicles (EVs, such as exosomes) in the inflammatory response to free-heme as a model for heme-induced inflammation. We provide evidence of a significant correlation between miR-451a and let-7i-5p-loaded circulating exosomes in plasmodium-infected patients with reported clinical benchmarks of malaria-severity (e.g., Hemoglobin (Hb) levels, white blood cell counts). Additionally, we determined that exposure of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) parasites to EVs, loaded with either miRNA, significantly reduces their counts in vitro. Using hiPSCs derived from individuals with wild-type Hb (HbAA) or homozygous sickle cell mutated Hb (HbSS) genotypes, we demonstrate that heme-treated hiPSC-ECs secreted inflammatory products (cytokines, chemokines and growth factors) into supporting media at concentrations that were similar to that reported in HbAA and HbSS serum. This inflammatory response was attenuated by exposure with miR-451a or let-7i-5p-loaded EVs. We also found a decrease in transcription of ICAM1 and P-Selectin, as well as the secretion of key inflammatory cytokines (e.g., CXCL10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ). Based on these findings, we propose a model in which increased levels of exosomal miR-451a and let-7i-5p in Plasmodium-infected individuals will attenuate inflammatory responses to free-heme and parasite-derived products. As a result, infected erythrocytes will less likely adhere to the endothelium, sequester in brain micro vessels, and reduce vaso-occlusive crises that exacerbate cerebral malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J. Thomas
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Keri Oxendine Harp
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Alaijah Bashi
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Joshua L. Hood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brown Cancer Center, Hepatobiology and Toxicology COBRE, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Felix Botchway
- Department of Pathology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael D. Wilson
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Winston E. Thompson
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jonathan K. Stiles
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Adel Driss
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States,*Correspondence: Adel Driss,
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Breakthrough of extracellular vesicles in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. Bioact Mater 2022; 22:423-452. [PMID: 36311050 PMCID: PMC9588998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent whole-joint disease that causes disability and pain and affects a patient's quality of life. However, currently, there is a lack of effective early diagnosis and treatment. Although stem cells can promote cartilage repair and treat OA, problems such as immune rejection and tumorigenicity persist. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can transmit genetic information from donor cells and mediate intercellular communication, which is considered a functional paracrine factor of stem cells. Increasing evidences suggest that EVs may play an essential and complex role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of OA. Here, we introduced the role of EVs in OA progression by influencing inflammation, metabolism, and aging. Next, we discussed EVs from the blood, synovial fluid, and joint-related cells for diagnosis. Moreover, we outlined the potential of modified and unmodified EVs and their combination with biomaterials for OA therapy. Finally, we discuss the deficiencies and put forward the prospects and challenges related to the application of EVs in the field of OA.
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Colombini A, Libonati F, Lopa S, Ragni E, De Luca P, Zagra L, Sinigaglia F, Moretti M, de Girolamo L. Immunomodulatory potential of secretome from cartilage cells and mesenchymal stromal cells in an arthritic context: From predictive fiction toward reality. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:992386. [PMID: 36314003 PMCID: PMC9596769 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.992386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to predict by bioinformatics the activity of the extracellular vesicle (EV)-embedded micro RNA (miRNAs) secreted by cartilage cells (CCs), adipose tissue-derived- (ASCs), and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) and verify their immunomodulatory potential supporting our bioinformatics findings to optimize the autologous cell-based therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis (OA) management. Cells were isolated from surgical waste tissues of three patients who underwent total hip replacement, expanded and the EVs were collected. The expression of EV-embedded miRNA was evaluated with the QuantStudio 12 K Flex OpenArray® platform. Mientournet and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were used for validated target prediction analysis and to identify miRNAs involved in OA and inflammation. Cells shared the expression of 325 miRNAs embedded in EVs and differed for the expression of a small number of them. Mienturnet revealed no results for miRNAs selectively expressed by ASCs, whereas miRNA expressed by CCs and BMSCs were putatively involved in the modulation of cell cycle, senescence, apoptosis, Wingless and Int-1 (Wnt), transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Notch, Hippo, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and endochondral ossification pathways. Cartilage homeostasis, macrophages and T cells activity and inflammatory mediators were identified by IPA as targets of the miRNAs found in all the cell populations. Co-culture tests on macrophages and T cells confirmed the immuno-modulatory ability of CCs, ASCs, and BMSCs. The study findings support the rationale behind the use of cell-based therapy for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Colombini
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Alessandra Colombini,
| | - Francesca Libonati
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Lopa
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola De Luca
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Zagra
- Hip Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Sinigaglia
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy,Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Laboratories for Translational Research (LRT), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland,Department of Surgery, Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Euler Institute, USI, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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Pant T, Juric M, Bosnjak ZJ, Dhanasekaran A. Recent Insight on the Non-coding RNAs in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Regulatory and Therapeutic Role in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:737512. [PMID: 34660740 PMCID: PMC8517144 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.737512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering over the past few decades have paved the path for cell-free therapy. Numerous stem cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have been reported to impart therapeutic effects via paracrine secretion of exosomes. The underlying factors and the associated mechanisms contributing to these MSC-derived exosomes' protective effects are, however, poorly understood, limiting their application in the clinic. The exosomes exhibit a diversified repertoire of functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and have the potential to transfer these biologically active transcripts to the recipient cells, where they are found to modulate a diverse array of functions. Altered expression of the ncRNAs in the exosomes has been linked with the regenerative potential and development of various diseases, including cardiac, neurological, skeletal, and cancer. Also, modulating the expression of ncRNAs in these exosomes has been found to improve their therapeutic impact. Moreover, many of these ncRNAs are expressed explicitly in the MSC-derived exosomes, making them ideal candidates for regenerative medicine, including tissue engineering research. In this review, we detail the recent advances in regenerative medicine and summarize the evidence supporting the altered expression of the ncRNA repertoire specific to MSCs under different degenerative diseases. We also discuss the therapeutic role of these ncRNA for the prevention of these various degenerative diseases and their future in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pant
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Matea Juric
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Zeljko J Bosnjak
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Treated with Interleukin 1 Beta Produced Chondro-Protective Vesicles Able to Fast Penetrate in Cartilage. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051180. [PMID: 34066077 PMCID: PMC8151616 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the miRNA cargo embedded in extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC) preconditioned with IL-1β, an inflammatory stimulus driving osteoarthritis (OA), along with EVs-cartilage dynamic interaction represent poorly explored fields and are the purpose of the present research. ASCs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue and EVs collected by ultracentrifugation. Shuttled miRNAs were scored by high-throughput screening and analyzed through bioinformatics approach that predicted the potentially modulated OA-related pathways. Fluorescently labeled EVs incorporation into OA cartilage explants was followed in vitro by time-lapse coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering; second harmonic generation and two-photon excited fluorescence. After IL-1β preconditioning, 7 miRNA were up-regulated, 4 down-regulated, 37 activated and 17 silenced. Bioinformatics allowed to identify miRNAs and target genes mainly involved in Wnt, Notch, TGFβ and Indian hedgehog (IHH) pathways, cartilage homeostasis, immune/inflammatory responses, cell senescence and autophagy. As well, ASC-EVs steadily diffuse in cartilage cells and matrix, reaching a plateau 16 h after administration. Overall, ASCs preconditioned with IL-1β allows secretion of EVs embedded with a chondro-protective miRNA cargo, able to fast penetrate in collagen-rich areas of cartilage with tissue saturation in a day. Further functional studies exploring the EVs dose-effects are needed to achieve clinical relevance.
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14
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Ragni E, Colombini A, Viganò M, Libonati F, Perucca Orfei C, Zagra L, de Girolamo L. Cartilage Protective and Immunomodulatory Features of Osteoarthritis Synovial Fluid-Treated Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secreted Factors and Extracellular Vesicles-Embedded miRNAs. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051072. [PMID: 33946524 PMCID: PMC8147187 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular administration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), either in vitro expanded or within adipose tissue-based products obtained at point-of-care, has gained popularity as innovative regenerative medicine approach for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. ASCs can stimulate tissue repair and immunomodulation through paracrine factors, both soluble and extracellular vesicles (EV) embedded, collectively defining the secretome. Interaction with the degenerative/inflamed environment is a crucial factor in understanding the finely tuned molecular message but, to date, the majority of reports have described ASC-secretome features in resting conditions or under chemical stimuli far from the in vivo environment of degenerated OA joints. In this report, the secretory profile of ASCs treated with native synovial fluid from OA patients was evaluated, sifting 200 soluble factors and 754 EV-embedded miRNAs. Fifty-eight factors and 223 EV-miRNAs were identified, and discussed in the frame of cartilage and immune cell homeostasis. Bioinformatics gave a molecular basis for M2 macrophage polarization, T cell proliferation inhibition and T reg expansion enhancement, as well as cartilage protection, further confirmed in an in vitro model of OA chondrocytes. Moreover, a strong influence on immune cell chemotaxis emerged. In conclusion, obtained molecular data support the regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of ASCs when interacting with osteoarthritic joint environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ragni
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, I-20161 Milano, Italy; (E.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (F.L.); (C.P.O.)
| | - Alessandra Colombini
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, I-20161 Milano, Italy; (E.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (F.L.); (C.P.O.)
| | - Marco Viganò
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, I-20161 Milano, Italy; (E.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (F.L.); (C.P.O.)
| | - Francesca Libonati
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, I-20161 Milano, Italy; (E.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (F.L.); (C.P.O.)
| | - Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, I-20161 Milano, Italy; (E.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (F.L.); (C.P.O.)
| | - Luigi Zagra
- Hip Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, I-20161 Milano, Italy;
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, I-20161 Milano, Italy; (E.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (F.L.); (C.P.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-6621-4067
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