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Xue SJ, Li XC, Liu J, Zhang XT, Xin ZZ, Jiang WW, Zhang JY. Efficient sugar utilization and high tolerance to inhibitors enable Rhodotorula toruloides C23 to robustly produce lipid and carotenoid from lignocellulosic feedstock. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 407:131146. [PMID: 39047799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of lignocellulosic substrates for microbial oil production by oleaginous yeasts has been evidenced as an economically viable process for industrial-scale biodiesel preparation. Efficient sugar utilization and tolerance to inhibitors are critical for lipid production from lignocellulosic substrates. This study investigated the lignocellulosic sugar utilization and inhibitor tolerance characteristics of Rhodotorula toruloides C23. The results demonstrated that C23 exhibited robust glucose and xylose assimilation irrespective of their ratios, yielding over 21 g/L of lipids and 11 mg/L of carotenoids. Furthermore, C23 exhibited high resistance and efficiently degradation towards toxic inhibitors commonly found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. The potential molecular mechanism underlying xylose metabolism in C23 was explored, with several key enzymes and signal regulation pathways identified as potentially contributing to its superior lipid synthesis performance. The study highlights R. toruloides C23 as a promising candidate for robust biofuel and carotenoid production through direct utilization of non-detoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Xue
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Xin-Tong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Zhao-Zhe Xin
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Wen-Wen Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Jin-Yong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China.
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Branska B, Koppova K, Husakova M, Patakova P. Application of fed-batch strategy to fully eliminate the negative effect of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors in ABE fermentation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:87. [PMID: 38915101 PMCID: PMC11197323 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibitors that are released from lignocellulose biomass during its treatment represent one of the major bottlenecks hindering its massive utilization in the biotechnological production of chemicals. This study demonstrates that negative effect of inhibitors can be mitigated by proper feeding strategy. Both, crude undetoxified lignocellulose hydrolysate and complex medium supplemented with corresponding inhibitors were tested in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation using Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B-598 as the producer strain. RESULTS First, it was found that the sensitivity of C. beijerinckii to inhibitors varied with different growth stages, being the most significant during the early acidogenic phase and less pronounced during late acidogenesis and early solventogenesis. Thus, a fed-batch regime with three feeding schemes was tested for toxic hydrolysate (no growth in batch mode was observed). The best results were obtained when the feeding of an otherwise toxic hydrolysate was initiated close to the metabolic switch, resulting in stable and high ABE production. Complete utilization of glucose, and up to 88% of xylose, were obtained. The most abundant inhibitors present in the alkaline wheat straw hydrolysate were ferulic and coumaric acids; both phenolic acids were efficiently detoxified by the intrinsic metabolic activity of clostridia during the early stages of cultivation as well as during the feeding period, thus preventing their accumulation. Finally, the best feeding strategy was verified using a TYA culture medium supplemented with both inhibitors, resulting in 500% increase in butanol titer over control batch cultivation in which inhibitors were added prior to inoculation. CONCLUSION Properly timed sequential feeding effectively prevented acid-crash and enabled utilization of otherwise toxic substrate. This study unequivocally demonstrates that an appropriate biotechnological process control strategy can fully eliminate the negative effects of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Branska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamila Koppova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Husakova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Patakova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Lechtenberg T, Wynands B, Müller MF, Polen T, Noack S, Wierckx N. Improving 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) tolerance of Pseudomonas taiwanensis VLB120 by automated adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). Metab Eng Commun 2024; 18:e00235. [PMID: 38832093 PMCID: PMC11144800 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2024.e00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The aldehyde 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) is of great importance for a circular bioeconomy. It is a renewable platform chemical that can be converted into a range of useful compounds to replace petroleum-based products such as the green plastic monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). However, it also exhibits microbial toxicity for example hindering the efficient biotechnological valorization of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Thus, there is an urgent need for tolerance-improved organisms applicable to whole-cell biocatalysis. Here, we engineer an oxidation-deficient derivative of the naturally robust and emerging biotechnological workhorse P. taiwanensis VLB120 by robotics-assisted adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). The deletion of HMF-oxidizing enzymes enabled for the first time evolution under constant selection pressure by the aldehyde, yielding strains with consistently improved growth characteristics in presence of the toxicant. Genome sequencing of evolved clones revealed loss-of function mutations in the LysR-type transcriptional regulator-encoding mexT preventing expression of the associated efflux pump mexEF-oprN. This knowledge allowed reverse engineering of strains with enhanced aldehyde tolerance, even in a background of active or overexpressed HMF oxidation machinery, demonstrating a synergistic effect of two distinct tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Lechtenberg
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Wynands
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Moritz-Fabian Müller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Tino Polen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Noack
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Liu C, Choi B, Efimova E, Nygård Y, Santala S. Enhanced upgrading of lignocellulosic substrates by coculture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:61. [PMID: 38711153 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock has a huge potential for biochemical production. Still, efficient utilization of hydrolysates derived from lignocellulose is challenged by their complex and heterogeneous composition and the presence of inhibitory compounds, such as furan aldehydes. Using microbial consortia where two specialized microbes complement each other could serve as a potential approach to improve the efficiency of lignocellulosic biomass upgrading. RESULTS This study describes the simultaneous inhibitor detoxification and production of lactic acid and wax esters from a synthetic lignocellulosic hydrolysate by a defined coculture of engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. A. baylyi ADP1 showed efficient bioconversion of furan aldehydes present in the hydrolysate, namely furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and did not compete for substrates with S. cerevisiae, highlighting its potential as a coculture partner. Furthermore, the remaining carbon sources and byproducts of S. cerevisiae were directed to wax ester production by A. baylyi ADP1. The lactic acid productivity of S. cerevisiae was improved approximately 1.5-fold (to 0.41 ± 0.08 g/L/h) in the coculture with A. baylyi ADP1, compared to a monoculture of S. cerevisiae. CONCLUSION The coculture of yeast and bacterium was shown to improve the consumption of lignocellulosic substrates and the productivity of lactic acid from a synthetic lignocellulosic hydrolysate. The high detoxification capacity and the ability to produce high-value products by A. baylyi ADP1 demonstrates the strain to be a potential candidate for coculture to increase production efficiency and economics of S. cerevisiae fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changshuo Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland
| | - Bohyun Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elena Efimova
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland
| | - Yvonne Nygård
- Department of Life Sciences, Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Suvi Santala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland.
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Shi X, Chang J, Kim M, Lee ME, Shin HY, Ok Han S. Isopropanol production using engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum from waste rice straw biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 396:130416. [PMID: 38316230 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Isopropanol, a well-known biofuel, is a widely used precursor for chemical products that can replace nonrenewable petroleum energy. Here, engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum that can effectively utilize all xylose and glucose in agricultural waste rice straw to produce isopropanol was described. First, codon mutations were introduced into transporters and glycolytic-related genes to decrease the glucose preference of C. glutamicum. A more energetically favorable xylose oxidative pathway was constructed that replaced traditional xylose isomerization pathways, saving twice the number of enzymatic steps. A succinate auxiliary module was incorporated into the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), connecting the xylose-utilized pathway with the isopropanol pathway to maximize xylose orientation towards the product. The final engineered strain successfully consumed 100 % of the xylose from NaOH-pretreated, enzyme-hydrolyzed rice straw and effectively synthesized 4.91 g/L isopropanol. This study showcases the successful conversion of agricultural waste into renewable energy, unveiling new possibilities for advancing biological fermentation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Shi
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhee Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhye Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Eun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Young Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ok Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Xu B, Zhang W, Zhao E, Hong J, Chen X, Wei Z, Li X. Unveiling malic acid biorefinery: Comprehensive insights into feedstocks, microbial strains, and metabolic pathways. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130265. [PMID: 38160850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The over-reliance on fossil fuels and resultant environmental issues necessitate sustainable alternatives. Microbial fermentation of biomass for malic acid production offers a viable, eco-friendly solution, enhancing resource efficiency and minimizing ecological damage. This review covers three core aspects of malic acid biorefining: feedstocks, microbial strains, and metabolic pathways. It emphasizes the significance of utilizing biomass sugars, including the co-fermentation of different sugar types to improve feedstock efficiency. The review discusses microbial strains for malic acid fermentation, addressing challenges related to by-products from biomass breakdown and strategies for overcoming them. It delves into the crucial pathways and enzymes for malic acid production, outlining methods to optimize its metabolism, focusing on enzyme regulation, energy balance, and yield enhancement. These insights contribute to advancing the field of consolidated bioprocessing in malic acid biorefining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Xu
- Anhui Fermented Food Engineering Research Center, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei City 230009, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Wangwei Zhang
- Anhui Fermented Food Engineering Research Center, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei City 230009, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Eryong Zhao
- Anhui Fermented Food Engineering Research Center, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei City 230009, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Jiong Hong
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei City 230026, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Xiangsong Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei City 230031, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Zhaojun Wei
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan City 750030, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, PR China.
| | - Xingjiang Li
- Anhui Fermented Food Engineering Research Center, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei City 230009, Anhui Province, PR China.
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7
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Dzanaeva LS, Wojdyła D, Fedorovych DV, Ruchala J, Dmytruk KV, Sibirny AA. Riboflavin overproduction on lignocellulose hydrolysate by the engineered yeast Candida famata. FEMS Yeast Res 2024; 24:foae020. [PMID: 39009031 PMCID: PMC11283204 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulose (dry plant biomass) is an abundant cheap inedible residue of agriculture and wood industry with great potential as a feedstock for biotechnological processes. Lignocellulosic substrates can serve as valuable resources in fermentation processes, allowing the production of a wide array of chemicals, fuels, and food additives. The main obstacle for cost-effective conversion of lignocellulosic hydrolysates to target products is poor metabolism of the major pentoses, xylose and L-arabinose, which are the second and third most abundant sugars of lignocellulose after glucose. We study the oversynthesis of riboflavin in the flavinogenic yeast Candida famata and found that all major lignocellulosic sugars, including xylose and L-arabinose, support robust growth and riboflavin synthesis in the available strains of C. famata. To further increase riboflavin production from xylose and lignocellulose hydrolysate, genes XYL1 and XYL2 coding for xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase were overexpressed. The resulting strains exhibited increased riboflavin production in both shake flasks and bioreactors using diluted hydrolysate, reaching 1.5 g L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubov S Dzanaeva
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov St., 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Dominik Wojdyła
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Dariya V Fedorovych
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov St., 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Justyna Ruchala
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Kostyantyn V Dmytruk
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov St., 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andriy A Sibirny
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov St., 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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8
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Fernández-Sandoval MT, García A, Teymennet-Ramírez KV, Arenas-Olivares DY, Martínez-Morales F, Trejo-Hernández MR. Removal of phenolic inhibitors from lignocellulose hydrolysates using laccases for the production of fuels and chemicals. Biotechnol Prog 2024; 40:e3406. [PMID: 37964692 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose is the most abundant biopolymer in the biosphere. It is inexpensive and therefore considered an attractive feedstock to produce biofuels and other biochemicals. Thermochemical and/or enzymatic pretreatment is used to release fermentable monomeric sugars. However, a variety of inhibitory by-products such as weak acids, furans, and phenolics that inhibit cell growth and fermentation are also released. Phenolic compounds are among the most toxic components in lignocellulosic hydrolysates and slurries derived from lignin decomposition, affecting overall fermentation processes and production yields and productivity. Ligninolytic enzymes have been shown to lower inhibitor concentrations in these hydrolysates, thereby enhancing their fermentability into valuable products. Among them, laccases, which are capable of oxidizing lignin and a variety of phenolic compounds in an environmentally benign manner, have been used for biomass delignification and detoxification of lignocellulose hydrolysates with promising results. This review discusses the state of the art of different enzymatic approaches to hydrolysate detoxification. In particular, laccases are used in separate or in situ detoxification steps, namely in free enzyme processes or immobilized by cell surface display technology to improve the efficiency of the fermentative process and consequently the production of second-generation biofuels and bio-based chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Fernández-Sandoval
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - A García
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - K V Teymennet-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - D Y Arenas-Olivares
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - F Martínez-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - M R Trejo-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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9
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Xia J, Qiu Z, Ma S, Liu Q, Han R, Liu X, Xu J. Efficient polymalic acid production from corn straw hydrolysate by detoxification of phenolic inhibitors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1339982. [PMID: 38152284 PMCID: PMC10751350 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1339982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory compounds generated from lignocellulose pretreatment would inhibit Poly (malic acid) (PMA) production by Aureobasidium pullulans, but the tolerance mechanism of A. pullulans to lignocellulosic inhibitor is poorly understood. In this study, the cellular response of A. pullulans to lignocellulosic inhibitor stress was studied. Among the three groups of inhibitors (furans, weak acids and phenolic aldehydes), phenolic aldehyde was the dominant inhibitor for PMA production. Phenolic aldehyde was mainly converted into phenolic alcohol by A. pullulans, and phenolic alcohol also exhibited severe inhibition on PMA production. Furthermore, the effect of detoxification methods on inhibitor-removal and PMA fermentation was investigated, both CaCO3 and overliming presented poor detoxification effect, whereas resin H103 could remove both furan derivatives and phenolic compounds efficiently, thereby producing 26.27 g/L of PMA with a yield of 0.30 g/g in batch fermentation. This study will be beneficial for the development of PMA production from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiaxing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
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10
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Lappe-Oliveras P, Avitia M, Sánchez-Robledo SD, Castillo-Plata AK, Pedraza L, Baquerizo G, Le Borgne S. Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Kluyveromyces marxianus Isolates Obtained from the Elaboration Process of Two Traditional Mexican Alcoholic Beverages Derived from Agave: Pulque and Henequen ( Agave fourcroydes) Mezcal. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:795. [PMID: 37623566 PMCID: PMC10455534 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven Kluyveromyces marxianus isolates from the elaboration process of pulque and henequen mezcal were characterized. The isolates were identified based on the sequences of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-5.8S) region. Genetic differences were found between pulque and henequen mezcal isolates and within henequen mezcal isolates, as shown by different branching patterns in the ITS-5.8S phylogenetic tree and (GTG)5 microsatellite profiles, suggesting that the substrate and process selective conditions may give rise to different K. marxianus populations. All the isolates fermented and assimilated inulin and lactose and some henequen isolates could also assimilate xylose and cellobiose. Henequen isolates were more thermotolerant than pulque ones, which, in contrast, presented more tolerance to the cell wall-disturbing agent calcofluor white (CFW), suggesting that they had different cell wall structures. Additionally, depending on their origin, the isolates presented different maximum specific growth rate (µmax) patterns at different temperatures. Concerning tolerance to stress factors relevant for lignocellulosic hydrolysates fermentation, their tolerance limits were lower at 42 than 30 °C, except for glucose and furfural. Pulque isolates were less tolerant to ethanol, NaCl, and Cd. Finally, all the isolates could produce ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of a corncob hydrolysate under laboratory conditions at 42 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Lappe-Oliveras
- Laboratorio de Micología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Morena Avitia
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Sara Darinka Sánchez-Robledo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Cuajimalpa, Avenida Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05348, Mexico; (S.D.S.-R.); (A.K.C.-P.)
| | - Ana Karina Castillo-Plata
- Posgrado en Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Cuajimalpa, Avenida Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05348, Mexico; (S.D.S.-R.); (A.K.C.-P.)
| | - Lorena Pedraza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos, Universidad Iberoamericana CDMX, Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico;
| | - Guillermo Baquerizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medio Ambiente Xabier Gorostiaga S.J., Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla, Boulevard del Niño Poblano 2901, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Puebla, Mexico;
| | - Sylvie Le Borgne
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Cuajimalpa, Avenida Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05348, Mexico
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11
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Volkmar M, Maus AL, Weisbrodt M, Bohlender J, Langsdorf A, Holtmann D, Ulber R. Municipal green waste as substrate for the microbial production of platform chemicals. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:43. [PMID: 38647939 PMCID: PMC10991188 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In Germany alone, more than 5·106 tons of municipal green waste is produced each year. So far, this material is not used in an economically worthwhile way. In this work, grass clippings and tree pruning as examples of municipal green waste were utilized as feedstock for the microbial production of platform chemicals. A pretreatment procedure depending on the moisture and lignin content of the biomass was developed. The suitability of grass press juice and enzymatic hydrolysate of lignocellulosic biomass pretreated with an organosolv process as fermentation medium or medium supplement for the cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, Ustilago maydis, and Clostridium acetobutylicum was demonstrated. Product concentrations of 9.4 gethanol L-1, 16.9 glactic acid L-1, 20.0 gitaconic acid L-1, and 15.5 gsolvents L-1 were achieved in the different processes. Yields were in the same range as or higher than those of reference processes grown in established standard media. By reducing the waste arising in cities and using municipal green waste as feedstock to produce platform chemicals, this work contributes to the UN sustainability goals and supports the transition toward a circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Volkmar
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Maus
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Martin Weisbrodt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jonathan Bohlender
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Alexander Langsdorf
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Khandelwal R, Srivastava P, Bisaria VS. Recent advances in the production of malic acid by native fungi and engineered microbes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:217. [PMID: 37269376 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Malic acid is mainly produced by chemical methods which lead to various environmental sustainability concerns associated with CO2 emissions and resulting global warming. Since malic acid is naturally synthesized, microorganisms offer an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative for its production. An additional advantage of microbial production is the synthesis of pure L-form of malic acid. Due to its numerous applications, biotechnologically- produced L-malic acid is a much sought-after platform chemical. Malic acid can be produced by microbial fermentation via oxidative/reductive TCA and glyoxylate pathways. This article elaborates the potential and limitations of high malic acid producing native fungi belonging to Aspergillus, Penicillium, Ustilago and Aureobasidium spp. The utilization of industrial side streams and low value renewable substrates such as crude glycerol and lignocellulosic biomass is also discussed with a view to develop a competitive bio-based production process. The major impediments present in the form of toxic compounds from lignocellulosic residues or synthesized during fermentation along with their remedial measures are also described. The article also focuses on production of polymalic acid from renewable substrates which opens up a cost-cutting dimension in production of this biodegradable polymer. Finally, the recent strategies being employed for its production in recombinant organisms have also been covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Khandelwal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
- Corporate Research & Development Centre, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Udyog Kendra, P. O. Surajpur, Greater Noida, 201306, India
| | - Preeti Srivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Virendra Swarup Bisaria
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Yang P, Chen J, Wu W, Jiang S, Deng Y, Lu J, Wang H, Zhou Y, Geng Y, Zheng Z. Saccharomyces cerevisiae MET5DeltaSIZ1Delta enhancing organic acid tolerance with XYL1 and XYL2 integration for ethanol yield improvement in the presence of xylose and low pH value. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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