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Che S, Yang Y, Li Z, Su Z, Zhang S. Integration of Zn 2+, ATP, and bFGF to Nanodressing with Core-Shell Structure Fabricated by Emulsion Electrospinning for Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3316-3329. [PMID: 38691017 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) plays an important role in active wound repair. However, the existing dosage forms in clinical applications are mainly sprays and freeze-dried powders, which are prone to inactivation and cannot achieve a controlled release. In this study, a bioactive wound dressing named bFGF-ATP-Zn/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanodressing with a "core-shell" structure was fabricated by emulsion electrospinning, enabling the sustained release of bFGF. Based on the coordination and electrostatic interactions among bFGF, ATP, and Zn2+, as well as their synergistic effect on promoting wound healing, a bFGF-ATP-Zn ternary combination system was prepared with higher cell proliferation activity and used as the water phase for emulsion electrospinning. The bFGF-ATP-Zn/PCL nanodressing demonstrated improved mechanical properties, sustained release of bFGF, cytocompatibility, and hemocompatibility. It increased the proliferation activity of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and enhanced collagen secretion by 1.39 and 3.45 times, respectively, while reducing the hemolysis rate to 3.13%. The application of the bFGF-ATP-Zn/PCL nanodressing in mouse full-thickness skin defect repair showed its ability to accelerate wound healing and reduce wound scarring within 14 days. These results provide a research basis for the development and application of this bioactive wound dressing product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Che
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhengjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Songping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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2
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Peng Y, Zhang P, Mei W, Zeng C. Exploring FGFR signaling inhibition as a promising approach in breast cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131524. [PMID: 38608977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
As our grasp of cancer genomics deepens, we are steadily progressing towards the domain of precision medicine, where targeted therapy stands out as a revolutionary breakthrough in the landscape of cancer therapeutics. The fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) pathway has been unveiled as a fundamental instigator in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying breast carcinoma, paving the way for the exhilarating development of precision-targeted therapeutics. In the pursuit of exploring inhibitors that specifically target the FGFR signaling pathways, a multitude of kinase inhibitors targeting FGFR has been assiduously engineered to address the heterogeneous landscape of human malignancies. This review offers an exhaustive exploration of aberrations within the FGFR pathway and their functional implications in breast cancer. Additionally, we delve into cutting-edge therapeutic approaches for the treatment of breast cancer patients bearing FGFR alterations and the management of toxicity associated with FGFR inhibitors. Furthermore, our contemplation of the evolution of cutting-edge FGFR inhibitors foresees their potential to spearhead innovative therapeutic approaches in the ongoing combat against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Wuxuan Mei
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Changchun Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China; Department of General Medicine, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China.
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3
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Chen T, Jiang Y, Huang JP, Wang J, Wang ZK, Ding PH. Essential elements for spatiotemporal delivery of growth factors within bio-scaffolds: A comprehensive strategy for enhanced tissue regeneration. J Control Release 2024; 368:97-114. [PMID: 38355052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The precise delivery of growth factors (GFs) in regenerative medicine is crucial for effective tissue regeneration and wound repair. However, challenges in achieving controlled release, such as limited half-life, potential overdosing risks, and delivery control complexities, currently hinder their clinical implementation. Despite the plethora of studies endeavoring to accomplish effective loading and gradual release of GFs through diverse delivery methods, the nuanced control of spatial and temporal delivery still needs to be elucidated. In response to this pressing clinical imperative, our review predominantly focuses on explaining the prevalent strategies employed for spatiotemporal delivery of GFs over the past five years. This review will systematically summarize critical aspects of spatiotemporal GFs delivery, including judicious bio-scaffold selection, innovative loading techniques, optimization of GFs activity retention, and stimulating responsive release mechanisms. It aims to identify the persisting challenges in spatiotemporal GFs delivery strategies and offer an insightful outlook on their future development. The ultimate objective is to provide an invaluable reference for advancing regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jia-Ping Huang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zheng-Ke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Pei-Hui Ding
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
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4
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Benington L, Mo J, Li M, Rajan G, Locher C, Lim LY. In Vitro Assessment of Wound-Healing Efficacy of Stabilized Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF-2) Solutions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:247. [PMID: 38399462 PMCID: PMC10892888 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic tympanic membrane perforations (TMP) pose a significant clinical challenge, but basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) shows promise for their treatment, despite its instability in aqueous solutions which hampers the sustained delivery crucial for the healing process. Addressing this, our research focused on the development of stabilized FGF-2 formulations, F5 and F6, incorporating dual, generally regarded as safe (GRAS) excipients to enhance stability and therapeutic efficacy. F5 combined FGF-2 (1600 ng/mL) with 0.05% w/v methylcellulose (MC) and 20 mM alanine, while F6 used FGF-2 with 0.05% w/v MC and 1 mg/mL human serum albumin (HSA). Our findings demonstrate that these novel formulations not only significantly improve the cytoproliferation of human dermal fibroblasts but also exhibit the most potent chemoattractant effects, leading to the highest fibroblast monolayer closure rates (92.5% for F5 and 94.1% for F6 within 24 h) compared to other FGF-2 solutions tested. The comparable performance of F5 and F6 underscores their potential as innovative, less invasive, and cost-effective options for developing otic medicinal products aimed at the effective treatment of chronic TMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Benington
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (L.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Jingxin Mo
- Neuroscience Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China; (J.M.); (M.L.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mingxin Li
- Neuroscience Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China; (J.M.); (M.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Gunesh Rajan
- Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Luzerner Kantonsspital, 6000 Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (L.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (L.B.); (C.L.)
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Sumbal J, Fre S, Sumbalova Koledova Z. Fibroblast-induced mammary epithelial branching depends on fibroblast contractility. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002093. [PMID: 38198514 PMCID: PMC10805323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial branching morphogenesis is an essential process in living organisms, through which organ-specific epithelial shapes are created. Interactions between epithelial cells and their stromal microenvironment instruct branching morphogenesis but remain incompletely understood. Here, we employed fibroblast-organoid or fibroblast-spheroid co-culture systems and time-lapse imaging to reveal that physical contact between fibroblasts and epithelial cells and fibroblast contractility are required to induce mammary epithelial branching. Pharmacological inhibition of ROCK or non-muscle myosin II, or fibroblast-specific knock-out of Myh9 abrogate fibroblast-induced epithelial branching. The process of fibroblast-induced branching requires epithelial proliferation and is associated with distinctive epithelial patterning of yes associated protein (YAP) activity along organoid branches, which is dependent on fibroblast contractility. Moreover, we provide evidence for the in vivo existence of contractile fibroblasts specifically surrounding terminal end buds (TEBs) of pubertal murine mammary glands, advocating for an important role of fibroblast contractility in branching in vivo. Together, we identify fibroblast contractility as a novel stromal factor driving mammary epithelial morphogenesis. Our study contributes to comprehensive understanding of overlapping but divergent employment of mechanically active fibroblasts in developmental versus tumorigenic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Sumbal
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institut Curie, Laboratory of Genetics and Developmental Biology, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Silvia Fre
- Institut Curie, Laboratory of Genetics and Developmental Biology, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zuzana Sumbalova Koledova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Tan X, Tao Q, Yin S, Fu G, Wang C, Xiang F, Hu H, Zhang S, Wang Z, Li D. A single administration of FGF2 after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury alleviates post-injury interstitial fibrosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:2537-2549. [PMID: 37243325 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite lack of clinical therapy in acute kidney injury (AKI) or its progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD), administration of growth factors shows great potential in the treatment of renal repair and further fibrosis. At an early phase of AKI, administration of exogenous fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) protects against renal injury by inhibition of mitochondrial damage and inflammatory response. Here, we investigated whether this treatment attenuates the long-term renal interstitial fibrosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Unilateral renal I/R with contralateral nephrectomy was utilized as an in vivo model for AKI and subsequent CKD. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham-operation group, I/R group, I/R-FGF2 group and FGF2-3D group. These groups were monitored for up to 2 months. Serum creatinine, inflammatory response and renal histopathology changes were detected to evaluate the role of FGF2 in AKI and followed renal interstitial fibrosis. Moreover, the expression of vimentin, α-SMA, CD31 and CD34 were examined. RESULTS Two months after I/R injury, the severity of renal interstitial fibrosis was significantly attenuated in both of I/R-FGF2 group and FGF2-3D group, compared with the I/R group. The protective effects of FGF2 administration were associated with the reduction of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-mediated inflammatory response, the inhibition of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1)/Smads signaling-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the maintenance of peritubular capillary structure. CONCLUSIONS A single dose of exogenous FGF2 administration 1 h or 3 days after reperfusion inhibited renal fibrogenesis and thus blocked the transition of AKI to CKD. Our findings provided novel insight into the role of FGF signaling in AKI-to-CKD progression and underscored the potential of FGF-based therapy for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qianyu Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beilun District People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shulan Yin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guangming Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chengqin Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fenggang Xiang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Haiqi Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sudan Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dequan Li
- Trauma Surgery & Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Nickle A, Ko S, Merrill AE. Fibroblast growth factor 2. Differentiation 2023:S0301-4681(23)00072-5. [PMID: 37858405 PMCID: PMC11009566 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor, is a potent stimulator of growth and differentiation in multiple tissues. Its discovery traces back over 50 years ago when it was first isolated from bovine pituitary extracts due to its ability to stimulate fibroblast proliferation. Subsequent studies investigating the genomic structure of FGF2 identified multiple protein isoforms, categorized as the low molecular weight and high molecular weight FGF2. These isoforms arise from alternative translation initiation events and exhibit unique molecular and cellular functions. In this concise review, we aim to provide an overview of what is currently known about the structure, expression, and functions of the FGF2 isoforms within the contexts of development, homeostasis, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Nickle
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Sebastian Ko
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Amy E Merrill
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Jan Vilim, Ghazalova T, Petulova E, Horackova A, Stepankova V, Chaloupkova R, Bednar D, Damborsky J, Prokop Z. Computer-assisted stabilization of fibroblast growth factor FGF-18. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:5144-5152. [PMID: 37920818 PMCID: PMC10618113 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factors (FGF) family holds significant potential for addressing chronic diseases. Specifically, recombinant FGF18 shows promise in treating osteoarthritis by stimulating cartilage formation. However, recent phase 2 clinical trial results of sprifermin (recombinant FGF18) indicate insufficient efficacy. Leveraging our expertise in rational protein engineering, we conducted a study to enhance the stability of FGF18. As a result, we obtained a stabilized variant called FGF18-E4, which exhibited improved stability with 16 °C higher melting temperature, resistance to trypsin and a 2.5-fold increase in production yields. Moreover, the FGF18-E4 maintained mitogenic activity after 1-week incubation at 37 °C and 1-day at 50 °C. Additionally, the inserted mutations did not affect its binding to the fibroblast growth factor receptors, making FGF18-E4 a promising candidate for advancing FGF-based osteoarthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vilim
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Enantis Ltd., INBIT, Kamenice 34, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Eliska Petulova
- Enantis Ltd., INBIT, Kamenice 34, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Horackova
- Enantis Ltd., INBIT, Kamenice 34, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - David Bednar
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Damborsky
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Prokop
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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Veth TS, Francavilla C, Heck AJR, Altelaar M. Elucidating Fibroblast Growth Factor-Induced Kinome Dynamics Using Targeted Mass Spectrometry and Dynamic Modeling. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100594. [PMID: 37328066 PMCID: PMC10368922 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are paracrine or endocrine signaling proteins that, activated by their ligands, elicit a wide range of health and disease-related processes, such as cell proliferation and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. The detailed molecular pathway dynamics that coordinate these responses have remained to be determined. To elucidate these, we stimulated MCF-7 breast cancer cells with either FGF2, FGF3, FGF4, FGF10, or FGF19. Following activation of the receptor, we quantified the kinase activity dynamics of 44 kinases using a targeted mass spectrometry assay. Our system-wide kinase activity data, supplemented with (phospho)proteomics data, reveal ligand-dependent distinct pathway dynamics, elucidate the involvement of not earlier reported kinases such as MARK, and revise some of the pathway effects on biological outcomes. In addition, logic-based dynamic modeling of the kinome dynamics further verifies the biological goodness-of-fit of the predicted models and reveals BRAF-driven activation upon FGF2 treatment and ARAF-driven activation upon FGF4 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim S Veth
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, and Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Cimino M, Parreira P, Leiro V, Sousa A, Gonçalves RM, Barrias CC, Martins MCL. Enhancement of hMSC In Vitro Proliferation by Surface Immobilization of a Heparin-Binding Peptide. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083422. [PMID: 37110656 PMCID: PMC10146743 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSC) as therapeutic agents for advanced clinical therapies relies on their in vitro expansion. Over the last years, several efforts have been made to optimize hMSC culture protocols, namely by mimicking the cell physiological microenvironment, which strongly relies on signals provided by the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM glycosaminoglycans, such as heparan-sulfate, sequester adhesive proteins and soluble growth factors at the cell membrane, orchestrating signaling pathways that control cell proliferation. Surfaces exposing the synthetic polypeptide poly(L-lysine, L-leucine) (pKL) have previously been shown to bind heparin from human plasma in a selective and concentration-dependent manner. To evaluate its effect on hMSC expansion, pKL was immobilized onto self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The pKL-SAMs were able to bind heparin, fibronectin and other serum proteins, as demonstrated by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) studies. hMSC adhesion and proliferation were significantly increased in pKL-SAMs compared to controls, most probably related to increased heparin and fibronectin binding to pKL surfaces. This proof-of-concept study highlights the potential of pKL surfaces to improve hMSC in vitro expansion possible through selective heparin/serum protein binding at the cell-material interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Cimino
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Parreira
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victoria Leiro
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Aureliana Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Gonçalves
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Cristina L Martins
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Shen SC, Khare E, Lee NA, Saad MK, Kaplan DL, Buehler MJ. Computational Design and Manufacturing of Sustainable Materials through First-Principles and Materiomics. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2242-2275. [PMID: 36603542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Engineered materials are ubiquitous throughout society and are critical to the development of modern technology, yet many current material systems are inexorably tied to widespread deterioration of ecological processes. Next-generation material systems can address goals of environmental sustainability by providing alternatives to fossil fuel-based materials and by reducing destructive extraction processes, energy costs, and accumulation of solid waste. However, development of sustainable materials faces several key challenges including investigation, processing, and architecting of new feedstocks that are often relatively mechanically weak, complex, and difficult to characterize or standardize. In this review paper, we outline a framework for examining sustainability in material systems and discuss how recent developments in modeling, machine learning, and other computational tools can aid the discovery of novel sustainable materials. We consider these through the lens of materiomics, an approach that considers material systems holistically by incorporating perspectives of all relevant scales, beginning with first-principles approaches and extending through the macroscale to consider sustainable material design from the bottom-up. We follow with an examination of how computational methods are currently applied to select examples of sustainable material development, with particular emphasis on bioinspired and biobased materials, and conclude with perspectives on opportunities and open challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina C Shen
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 1-165, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eesha Khare
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 1-165, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nicolas A Lee
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 1-165, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,School of Architecture and Planning, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 75 Amherst Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael K Saad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 1-165, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Center for Computational Science and Engineering, Schwarzman College of Computing, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Rational Design and Production of Bioactive Analogs of Recombinant Human Keratinocyte Growth Factor (rhKGF) with Reduced Aggregation Propensity. Protein J 2023; 42:37-54. [PMID: 36683078 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-023-10089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor (rhKGF) is a highly aggregation-prone therapeutic protein. The present study aimed to reduce aggregation propensity of rhKGF by engineering the aggregation hotspots. Initially, 21 mutants were designed based on the previously-identified aggregation-prone regions (APRs) and then four of them including mutants No. 4 (L91K, I119K), 7 (V13S, L91K), 14 (L91D, I119D), and 21 (A51E) were selected based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for further experimental studies. The recombinantly produced rhKGF and mutants were analyzed regarding secondary structure, thermal stability, aggregation propensity, and biological activity. Far-UV CD spectroscopy showed that the mutants have similar secondary structure with rhKGF. A51E mutant showed enhanced stability and decreased monomer loss under heat stress suggesting its reduced aggregation propensity compared to rhKGF. Mutant No. 14 showed higher stability and less aggregation tendency than mutant No. 4 indicating that only mutations decreasing pI of rhKGF are effective in reducing its aggregation tendency. All of the mutants were at least as potent as rhKGF in stimulating proliferation of MCF-7 epithelial cells. Our results identified A51E as an equally potent, more stable, and less aggregation-prone analog of rhKGF which could be a promising alternative drug candidate for the commercially available rhKGF (Palifermin).
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13
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Hradecka L, Wiesner D, Sumbal J, Koledova ZS, Maska M. Segmentation and Tracking of Mammary Epithelial Organoids in Brightfield Microscopy. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 42:281-290. [PMID: 36170389 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2022.3210714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present an automated and deep-learning-based workflow to quantitatively analyze the spatiotemporal development of mammary epithelial organoids in two-dimensional time-lapse (2D+t) sequences acquired using a brightfield microscope at high resolution. It involves a convolutional neural network (U-Net), purposely trained using computer-generated bioimage data created by a conditional generative adversarial network (pix2pixHD), to infer semantic segmentation, adaptive morphological filtering to identify organoid instances, and a shape-similarity-constrained, instance-segmentation-correcting tracking procedure to reliably cherry-pick the organoid instances of interest in time. By validating it using real 2D+t sequences of mouse mammary epithelial organoids of morphologically different phenotypes, we clearly demonstrate that the workflow achieves reliable segmentation and tracking performance, providing a reproducible and laborless alternative to manual analyses of the acquired bioimage data.
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14
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Hu Y, Buehler MJ. End-to-End Protein Normal Mode Frequency Predictions Using Language and Graph Models and Application to Sonification. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20656-20670. [PMID: 36416536 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The prediction of mechanical and dynamical properties of proteins is an important frontier, especially given the greater availability of proteins structures. Here we report a series of models that provide end-to-end predictions of nanodynamical properties of proteins, focused on high-throughput normal mode predictions directly from the amino acid sequence. Using neural network models within the family of Natural Language Processing and graph-based methods, we offer atomistically based mechanistic predictions of key protein mechanical features. The models include an end-to-end long short-term memory (LSTM) model, an end-to-end transformer model, a graph-based transformer model, and an equivariant graph neural network. All four models show exceptional performance, with the graph-based transformer architecture offering the best results but at the cost of requiring a graph structure as input. Conversely, the LSTM and transformer models offer end-to-end sequence-to-property prediction capabilities, providing efficient avenues for protein engineering, analysis, and design. We compare our results against published data based on a Principal Neighborhood Aggregation graph neural network, revealing that the transformer model offers better performance while also being able to predict a large set of the first 64 normal mode frequencies, simultaneously. The use of the end-to-end transformer model may facilitate other downstream applications through the use of transfer learning, and it offers a comprehensive prediction of dynamical properties without any structural knowledge, directly from the amino acid sequence. We demonstrate a potential application in scientific sonification, where the normal mode frequencies are transposed to generate audible signals for a detailed analysis of subtle changes of protein sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Hu
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Center for Computational Science and Engineering, Schwarzman College of Computing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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15
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Venkatesan M, Semper C, Skrivergaard S, Di Leo R, Mesa N, Rasmussen MK, Young JF, Therkildsen M, Stogios PJ, Savchenko A. Recombinant production of growth factors for application in cell culture. iScience 2022; 25:105054. [PMID: 36157583 PMCID: PMC9489951 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Culturing eukaryotic cells has widespread applications in research and industry, including the emerging field of cell-cultured meat production colloquially referred to as “cellular agriculture”. These applications are often restricted by the high cost of growth medium necessary for cell growth. Mitogenic protein growth factors (GFs) are essential components of growth medium and account for upwards of 90% of the total costs. Here, we present a set of expression constructs and a simplified protocol for recombinant production of functionally active GFs, including FGF2, IGF1, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1 in Escherichia coli. Using this E. coli expression system, we produced soluble GF orthologs from species including bovine, chicken, and salmon. Bioactivity analysis revealed orthologs with improved performance compared to commercially available alternatives. We estimated that the production cost of GFs using our methodology will significantly reduce the cost of cell culture medium, facilitating low-cost protocols tailored for cultured meat production and tissue engineering. Developed methodology for low-cost production of soluble, bioactive GFs Purified GFs were active on NIH-3T3 and bovine satellite cells Some GF orthologs outperformed commercially sourced GFs Production of GFs using these methods can foster significant cost savings
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Venkatesan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada
| | - Cameron Semper
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | | | - Rosa Di Leo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada
| | - Nathalie Mesa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Peter J Stogios
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada
| | - Alexei Savchenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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16
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Kolkmann AM, Van Essen A, Post MJ, Moutsatsou P. Development of a Chemically Defined Medium for in vitro Expansion of Primary Bovine Satellite Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:895289. [PMID: 35992337 PMCID: PMC9385969 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.895289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in animal cell culture media is widely spread since it provides a broad spectrum of molecules that are known to support cell attachment and growth. However, the harvest and collection procedures of FBS raise ethical concerns and serum is an ill-defined and expensive component. This is especially problematic when it comes to regulatory approval for food applications like cultured meat. The aim of this study is to develop a chemically defined, cost efficient serum-free and animal-free medium that supports the attachment and expansion of bovine myoblasts while maintaining their differentiation capacity. Bovine satellite cells were harvested and isolated from a fresh sample of skeletal muscle tissue and cultured in planar systems. The efficacy of the tested formulations was assessed with metabolic assays and cell counting techniques. Optical microscopy was used to observe cellular morphology and statistical analysis was applied. Based on a comprehensive literature analysis, a defined serum-free medium (SFM) composition was developed consisting of DMEM/F12 as basal medium, supplemented with L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, fibronectin, hydrocortisone, GlutaMAX™, albumin, ITS-X, hIL-6, α-linolenic acid, and growth factors such as FGF-2, VEGF, IGF-1, HGF, and PDGF-BB. To our knowledge, this is the first defined serum-free and animal free medium formulation specific for bovine myoblasts to date. We conclude that the SFM formulation supported exponential cell growth up to 97% of the serum—containing golden standard growth medium. All reagents used in this study are chemically defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Kolkmann
- Mosa Meat BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Mark J. Post
- Mosa Meat BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Panagiota Moutsatsou
- Mosa Meat BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Panagiota Moutsatsou, ,
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17
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The Choice of Anticoagulant Influences the Characteristics of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Bioactivity In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:8259888. [PMID: 35910535 PMCID: PMC9337942 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8259888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMC) is commonly used as a therapeutic agent to resolve orthopedic injuries, using its unique cellularity to reduce inflammation and prime the region for repair. The aspiration of the bone marrow is performed using either sodium citrate (SC) or heparin sodium (HS) as an anticoagulant and processed via centrifugation to concentrate the cellular constituents. To date, the consideration of the impact of the two commonly used anticoagulants on the mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) population has been overlooked. The current study assesses the differences in the BMCs produced using 15% SC and HS at 1,000 U/mL or 100 U/mL final v./v. as an anticoagulant using in vitro metrics including total nucleated cell counts (TNC) and viability, the ability for mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) to establish colony-forming units with fibroblast morphology (CFU-f), and cytokine expression profile of the MSC cultures. Our findings demonstrate that HS-derived BMC cultures result in higher CFU-f formation and CFU-f frequency at both concentrations assessed compared to SC-derived BMC cultures. In addition, there were significant differences in 27% (7 of 26) of the cytokines quantified in HS-derived BMC cultures compared to SC-derived BMC cultures with implications for MSC plasticity and self-renewal.
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18
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Krzyscik MA, Opaliński Ł, Szymczyk J, Otlewski J. Cyclic and dimeric fibroblast growth factor 2 variants with high biomedical potential. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:243-258. [PMID: 35878661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is a pleiotropic protein engaged in the regulation of key cellular processes in a wide spectrum of cells. FGF2 is an important object of basic research as well as a molecule used in regenerative medicine, in vitro cell culture maintenance, and as an anticancer drug carrier. However, the unsatisfactory stability and pleiotropic activities of the wild-type FGF2 largely limit its use as a medical product. To overcome these limitations, we have designed a set of FGF2-based macromolecules via sortase A-mediated cyclization and oligomerization. We obtained heparin-switchable FGF2 variants with enhanced stability and improved ability to stimulate cell proliferation and migration. We have shown that stimulation of glucose uptake by adipocytes is modulated by the architecture of FGF2 oligomers. Moreover, we used hyper-stable FGF2 variants for the construction of highly effective drug carriers for selective killing of FGFR1-overproducing cancer cells. The strategy for FGF2 engineering presented in this work provides novel insights into the design of growth factor variants for regenerative and anti-cancer precise medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz A Krzyscik
- University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Opaliński
- University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Szymczyk
- University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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19
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Yasunaga M, Kobayashi F, Sogo Y, Murotomi K, Hirose M, Hara Y, Yamazaki M, Ito A. The enhancing effects of heparin on the biological activity of FGF-2 in heparin-FGF-2-calcium phosphate composite layers. Acta Biomater 2022; 148:345-354. [PMID: 35697197 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Orthopedic and dental implants coated with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)-calcium phosphate composite layers promote dermis formation, bone formation, and angiogenesis because of the biological activity of FGF-2. Enhancing the biological activity of FGF-2 in the composite layers is important for its wider application in orthopedics and dentistry. This study incorporated low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) into the FGF-2-calcium phosphate composite layers and clarified the enhancing effects of LMWH on the biological activity of FGF-2 in the composite layers in vitro. LMWH-FGF-2-calcium phosphate composite layers were successfully formed on zirconia in supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions. The composite layers comprised continuous and macroscopically homogeneous layers and particles smaller than 500 nm in size composed of amorphous calcium phosphate. The amounts of Ca and P deposited on zirconia remained almost unchanged with the addition of LMWH under the presence of FGF-2 in the supersaturated calcium phosphate solution. The LMWH in the supersaturated calcium phosphate solution increased the stability of FGF-2 in the solution and the amount of FGF-2 in the composite layers. The LMWH in the composite layers increased the mitogenic and endothelial tube-forming activities of FGF-2, and FGF-2 activity of inducing osteogenic differentiation gene expression pattern in the composite layers. Our results indicate that the enhanced biological activity of FGF-2 in the LMWH-FGF-2-calcium phosphate composite layers is attributed to an LMWH-mediated increase in the amount of FGF-2, which maintains its biological activity in the supersaturated calcium phosphate solution and the composite layers. The LMWH-FGF-2-calcium phosphate composite layer is a promising coating for orthopedic and dental implants. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Orthopedic and dental implants coated with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)-calcium phosphate composite layers promote dermis formation, bone formation, and angiogenesis because of the biological activity of FGF-2. Enhancing the biological activity of FGF-2 in the layers is important for wider its application in orthopedics and dentistry. This study demonstrates the enhancing effects of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) contained within LMWH-FGF-2-calcium phosphate composite layers on the biological activity of FGF-2 in vitro. Our results indicate that the enhanced biological activity of FGF-2 within the composite layers arises from an LMWH-mediated increase in the amount of FGF-2, which maintains its biological activity in the LMWH-FGF-2-calcium phosphate composite layers and supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions used for coating the composite layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Yasunaga
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
| | - Fumiko Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yu Sogo
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Murotomi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Motohiro Hirose
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yuki Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Atsuo Ito
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
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20
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Francavilla C, O'Brien CS. Fibroblast growth factor receptor signalling dysregulation and targeting in breast cancer. Open Biol 2022; 12:210373. [PMID: 35193394 PMCID: PMC8864352 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signalling plays a critical role in breast embryonal development, tissue homeostasis, tumorigenesis and metastasis. FGFR, its numerous FGF ligands and signalling partners are often dysregulated in breast cancer progression and are one of the causes of resistance to treatment in breast cancer. Furthermore, FGFR signalling on epithelial cells is affected by signals from the breast microenvironment, therefore increasing the possibility of breast developmental abnormalities or cancer progression. Increasing our understanding of the multi-layered roles of the complex family of FGFRs, their ligands FGFs and their regulatory partners may offer novel treatment strategies for breast cancer patients, as a single agent or rational co-target, which will be explored in depth in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (FBMH), University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- The Manchester Breast Centre, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Ciara S. O'Brien
- The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 2BX, UK
- The Manchester Breast Centre, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
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21
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Krticka M, Planka L, Vojtova L, Nekuda V, Stastny P, Sedlacek R, Brinek A, Kavkova M, Gopfert E, Hedvicakova V, Rampichova M, Kren L, Liskova K, Ira D, Dorazilová J, Suchy T, Zikmund T, Kaiser J, Stary D, Faldyna M, Trunec M. Lumbar Interbody Fusion Conducted on a Porcine Model with a Bioresorbable Ceramic/Biopolymer Hybrid Implant Enriched with Hyperstable Fibroblast Growth Factor 2. Biomedicines 2021; 9:733. [PMID: 34202232 PMCID: PMC8301420 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many growth factors have been studied as additives accelerating lumbar fusion rates in different animal models. However, their low hydrolytic and thermal stability both in vitro and in vivo limits their workability and use. In the proposed work, a stabilized vasculogenic and prohealing fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2-STAB®) exhibiting a functional half-life in vitro at 37 °C more than 20 days was applied for lumbar fusion in combination with a bioresorbable scaffold on porcine models. An experimental animal study was designed to investigate the intervertebral fusion efficiency and safety of a bioresorbable ceramic/biopolymer hybrid implant enriched with FGF2-STAB® in comparison with a tricortical bone autograft used as a gold standard. Twenty-four experimental pigs underwent L2/3 discectomy with implantation of either the tricortical iliac crest bone autograft or the bioresorbable hybrid implant (BHI) followed by lateral intervertebral fixation. The quality of spinal fusion was assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), biomechanical testing, and histological examination at both 8 and 16 weeks after the surgery. While 8 weeks after implantation, micro-CT analysis demonstrated similar fusion quality in both groups, in contrast, spines with BHI involving inorganic hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate along with organic collagen, oxidized cellulose, and FGF2- STAB® showed a significant increase in a fusion quality in comparison to the autograft group 16 weeks post-surgery (p = 0.023). Biomechanical testing revealed significantly higher stiffness of spines treated with the bioresorbable hybrid implant group compared to the autograft group (p < 0.05). Whilst histomorphological evaluation showed significant progression of new bone formation in the BHI group besides non-union and fibrocartilage tissue formed in the autograft group. Significant osteoinductive effects of BHI based on bioceramics, collagen, oxidized cellulose, and FGF2-STAB® could improve outcomes in spinal fusion surgery and bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Krticka
- Trauma Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and The University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (V.N.); (D.I.)
| | - Ladislav Planka
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and The University Hospital Brno, 662 63 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (D.S.)
| | - Lucy Vojtova
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Vladimir Nekuda
- Trauma Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and The University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (V.N.); (D.I.)
| | - Premysl Stastny
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Radek Sedlacek
- Department of Mechanics, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Adam Brinek
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Michaela Kavkova
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Eduard Gopfert
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Vera Hedvicakova
- University Center for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic; (V.H.); (M.R.)
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michala Rampichova
- University Center for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic; (V.H.); (M.R.)
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Leos Kren
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University and The University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Kvetoslava Liskova
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University and The University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Daniel Ira
- Trauma Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and The University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (V.N.); (D.I.)
| | - Jana Dorazilová
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Tomas Suchy
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 09 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tomas Zikmund
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
| | - David Stary
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and The University Hospital Brno, 662 63 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (D.S.)
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Martin Trunec
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (J.D.); (T.Z.); (J.K.); (M.T.)
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22
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Vojtová L, Pavliňáková V, Muchová J, Kacvinská K, Brtníková J, Knoz M, Lipový B, Faldyna M, Göpfert E, Holoubek J, Pavlovský Z, Vícenová M, Blahnová VH, Hearnden V, Filová E. Healing and Angiogenic Properties of Collagen/Chitosan Scaffolds Enriched with Hyperstable FGF2-STAB ® Protein: In Vitro, Ex Ovo and In Vivo Comprehensive Evaluation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:590. [PMID: 34067330 PMCID: PMC8224647 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a process regulated by a complex interaction of multiple growth factors including fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Although FGF2 appears in several tissue engineered studies, its applications are limited due to its low stability both in vitro and in vivo. Here, this shortcoming is overcome by a unique nine-point mutant of the low molecular weight isoform FGF2 retaining full biological activity even after twenty days at 37 °C. Crosslinked freeze-dried 3D porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds enriched with this hyper stable recombinant human protein named FGF2-STAB® were tested for in vitro biocompatibility and cytotoxicity using murine 3T3-A31 fibroblasts, for angiogenic potential using an ex ovo chick chorioallantoic membrane assay and for wound healing in vivo with 3-month old white New Zealand rabbits. Metabolic activity assays indicated the positive effect of FGF2-STAB® already at very low concentrations (0.01 µg/mL). The angiogenic properties examined ex ovo showed enhanced vascularization of the tested scaffolds. Histological evaluation and gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR proved newly formed granulation tissue at the place of a previous skin defect without significant inflammation infiltration in vivo. This work highlights the safety and biocompatibility of newly developed crosslinked collagen/chitosan scaffolds involving FGF2-STAB® protein. Moreover, these sponges could be used as scaffolds for growing cells for dermis replacement, where neovascularization is a crucial parameter for successful skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Vojtová
- CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (J.M.); (K.K.); (J.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Veronika Pavliňáková
- CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (J.M.); (K.K.); (J.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Johana Muchová
- CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (J.M.); (K.K.); (J.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Katarína Kacvinská
- CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (J.M.); (K.K.); (J.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Jana Brtníková
- CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (J.M.); (K.K.); (J.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Martin Knoz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Institution Shared with the University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.H.)
- Clinic of Plastic and Esthetic Surgery, St Anne’s University Hospital, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Břetislav Lipový
- CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.V.); (J.M.); (K.K.); (J.B.); (B.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Institution Shared with the University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.F.); (E.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Eduard Göpfert
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.F.); (E.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Jakub Holoubek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Institution Shared with the University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Zdeněk Pavlovský
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Monika Vícenová
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.F.); (E.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Veronika Hefka Blahnová
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Science, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.H.B.); (E.F.)
| | - Vanessa Hearnden
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, North Campus, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK;
| | - Eva Filová
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Science, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.H.B.); (E.F.)
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23
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Jiang Y, Liang J, Li R, Peng Y, Huang J, Huang L. Basic fibroblast growth factor accelerates myelin debris clearance through activating autophagy to facilitate early peripheral nerve regeneration. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2596-2608. [PMID: 33512767 PMCID: PMC7933946 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful removal of damaged myelin sheaths during Wallerian degeneration (WD) is essential for ensuring structural remodelling and functional recovery following traumatic peripheral nerve injury (PNI). Recent studies have established that autophagy involves myelin phagocytosis and cellular homoeostasis, and its disorder impairs myelin clearance. Based on the role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on exerting neuroprotection and angiogenesis during nerve tissue regeneration, we now explicitly focus on the issue about whether the therapeutic effect of bFGF on supporting nerve regeneration is closely related to accelerate the autophagic clearance of myelin debris during WD. Using sciatic nerve crushed model, we found that bFGF remarkedly improved axonal outgrowth and nerve reconstruction at the early phase of PNI (14 days after PNI). More importantly, we further observed that bFGF could enhance phagocytic capacity of Schwann cells (SCs) to engulf myelin debris. Additionally, this enhancing effect is accomplished by autophagy activation and the increase of autophagy flux by immunoblotting and immune‐histochemical analyses. Taken together, our data suggest that the action of bFGF on modulating early peripheral nerve regeneration is closely associated with myelin debris removal by SCs, which might result in SC‐mediated autophagy activation, highlighting its insight molecular mechanism as a neuroprotective agent for repairing PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Jiang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University Zhejiang China
| | - Jiahong Liang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University Zhejiang China
- HangZhou Zhuyangxin Pharmaceutical Co.,LTD Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Rui Li
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University Zhejiang China
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yan Peng
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University Zhejiang China
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug control Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - JiangLi Huang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University Zhejiang China
| | - Lijiang Huang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University Zhejiang China
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24
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Rabata A, Fedr R, Soucek K, Hampl A, Koledova Z. 3D Cell Culture Models Demonstrate a Role for FGF and WNT Signaling in Regulation of Lung Epithelial Cell Fate and Morphogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:574. [PMID: 32850782 PMCID: PMC7396690 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
FGF signaling plays an essential role in lung development, homeostasis, and regeneration. We employed mouse 3D cell culture models and imaging to study ex vivo the role of FGF ligands and the interplay of FGF signaling with epithelial growth factor (EGF) and WNT signaling pathways in lung epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation. In non-adherent conditions, FGF signaling promoted formation of lungospheres from lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LSPCs). Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analyses showed that LSPCs produced more differentiated lung cell progeny. In a 3D extracellular matrix, FGF2, FGF7, FGF9, and FGF10 promoted lung organoid formation. FGF9 showed reduced capacity to promote lung organoid formation, suggesting that FGF9 has a reduced ability to sustain LSPC survival and/or initial divisions. FGF7 and FGF10 produced bigger organoids and induced organoid branching with higher frequency than FGF2 or FGF9. Higher FGF concentration and/or the use of FGF2 with increased stability and affinity to FGF receptors both increased lung organoid and lungosphere formation efficiency, respectively, suggesting that the level of FGF signaling is a crucial driver of LSPC survival and differentiation, and also lung epithelial morphogenesis. EGF signaling played a supportive but non-essential role in FGF-induced lung organoid formation. Analysis of tissue architecture and cell type composition confirmed that the lung organoids contained alveolar-like regions with cells expressing alveolar type I and type II cell markers, as well as airway-like structures with club cells and ciliated cells. FGF ligands showed differences in promoting distinct lung epithelial cell types. FGF9 was a potent inducer of more proximal cell types, including ciliated and basal cells. FGF7 and FGF10 directed the differentiation toward distal lung lineages. WNT signaling enhanced the efficiency of lung organoid formation, but in the absence of FGF10 signaling, the organoids displayed limited branching and less differentiated phenotype. In summary, we present lung 3D cell culture models as useful tools to study the role and interplay of signaling pathways in postnatal lung development and homeostasis, and we reveal distinct roles for FGF ligands in regulation of mouse lung morphogenesis and differentiation ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Rabata
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Radek Fedr
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Karel Soucek
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ales Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Koledova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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25
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Benington L, Rajan G, Locher C, Lim LY. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2-A Review of Stabilisation Approaches for Clinical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E508. [PMID: 32498439 PMCID: PMC7356611 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 has been shown to regulate many cellular functions including cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, as well as angiogenesis in a variety of tissues, including skin, blood vessel, muscle, adipose, tendon/ligament, cartilage, bone, tooth, and nerve. These multiple functions make FGF-2 an attractive component for wound healing and tissue engineering constructs; however, the stability of FGF-2 is widely accepted to be a major concern for the development of useful medicinal products. Many approaches have been reported in the literature for preserving the biological activity of FGF-2 in aqueous solutions. Most of these efforts were directed at sustaining FGF-2 activity for cell culture research, with a smaller number of studies seeking to develop sustained release formulations of FGF-2 for tissue engineering applications. The stabilisation approaches may be classified into the broad classes of ionic interaction modification with excipients, chemical modification, and physical adsorption and encapsulation with carrier materials. This review discusses the underlying causes of FGF-2 instability and provides an overview of the approaches reported in the literature for stabilising FGF-2 that may be relevant for clinical applications. Although efforts have been made to stabilise FGF-2 for both in vitro and in vivo applications with varying degrees of success, the lack of comprehensive published stability data for the final FGF-2 products represents a substantial gap in the current knowledge, which has to be addressed before viable products for wider tissue engineering applications can be developed to meet regulatory authorisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Benington
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (L.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Gunesh Rajan
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Luzerner Kantonsspital, 6000 Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (L.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (L.B.); (C.L.)
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