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Sumbal J, Fre S, Sumbalova Koledova Z. Fibroblast-induced mammary epithelial branching depends on fibroblast contractility. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002093. [PMID: 38198514 PMCID: PMC10805323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial branching morphogenesis is an essential process in living organisms, through which organ-specific epithelial shapes are created. Interactions between epithelial cells and their stromal microenvironment instruct branching morphogenesis but remain incompletely understood. Here, we employed fibroblast-organoid or fibroblast-spheroid co-culture systems and time-lapse imaging to reveal that physical contact between fibroblasts and epithelial cells and fibroblast contractility are required to induce mammary epithelial branching. Pharmacological inhibition of ROCK or non-muscle myosin II, or fibroblast-specific knock-out of Myh9 abrogate fibroblast-induced epithelial branching. The process of fibroblast-induced branching requires epithelial proliferation and is associated with distinctive epithelial patterning of yes associated protein (YAP) activity along organoid branches, which is dependent on fibroblast contractility. Moreover, we provide evidence for the in vivo existence of contractile fibroblasts specifically surrounding terminal end buds (TEBs) of pubertal murine mammary glands, advocating for an important role of fibroblast contractility in branching in vivo. Together, we identify fibroblast contractility as a novel stromal factor driving mammary epithelial morphogenesis. Our study contributes to comprehensive understanding of overlapping but divergent employment of mechanically active fibroblasts in developmental versus tumorigenic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Sumbal
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institut Curie, Laboratory of Genetics and Developmental Biology, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Silvia Fre
- Institut Curie, Laboratory of Genetics and Developmental Biology, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zuzana Sumbalova Koledova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Miglbauer E, Abdullaeva OS, Gryszel M, Głowacki ED. Faradaic Fenton Pixel: Reactive Oxygen Species Delivery Using Au/Cr Electrochemistry. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300353. [PMID: 37184620 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an integral part of many anticancer therapies. Fenton-like processes involving reactions of peroxides with transition metal ions are a particularly potent and tunable subset of ROS approaches. Precise on-demand dosing of the Fenton reaction is an area of great interest. Herein, we present a concept of an electrochemical faradaic pixel that produces controlled amounts of ROS via a Fenton-like process. The pixel comprises a cathode and anode, where the cathode reduces dissolved oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. The anode is made of chromium, which is electrochemically corroded to yield chromium ions. Peroxide and chromium interact to form a highly oxidizing mixture of hydroxyl radicals and hexavalent Cr ions. After benchmarking the electrochemical properties of this type of device, we demonstrate how it can be used under in vitro conditions with a cancer cell line. The faradaic Fenton pixel is a general and scalable concept that can be used for on-demand delivery of redox-active products for controlling a physiological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Miglbauer
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University, Bredgatan 33, 60174, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Oliya S Abdullaeva
- Division of Nursing and Medical Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 97187, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Maciej Gryszel
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University, Bredgatan 33, 60174, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Nohejl T, Palkovicova J, Nesporova K, Valcek A, Lausova J, Dolejska M. Broad-Host Dissemination of Plasmids Coharboring the fos Operon for Fructooligosaccharide Metabolism with Antibiotic Resistance Genes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0037123. [PMID: 37578374 PMCID: PMC10467340 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00371-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The fos operon encoding short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) utilization enables bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae to grow and be sustained in environments where they would struggle to survive. Despite several cases of the detection of the fos operon in isolates of avian and equine origins, its global distribution in bacterial genomes remains unknown. The presence of the plasmid-harbored fos operon among resistant bacteria may promote the spread of antibiotic resistance. A collection of 11,538 antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from various sources was screened for the fosT gene encoding the scFOS transporter. Out of 307 fosT-positive isolates, 80% of them originated from sources not previously linked to fosT (humans, wastewater, and animals). The chromosomally harbored fos operon was detected in 163/237 isolates subjected to whole-genome sequencing. In the remaining 74 isolates, the operon was carried by plasmids. Further analyses focusing on the isolates with a plasmid-harbored fos operon showed that the operon was linked to various incompatibility (Inc) groups, including the IncHI1, IncF-type, IncK2, IncI1, and IncY families. Long-read sequencing of representative plasmids showed the colocalization of fos genes with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in IncHI1 (containing a multidrug resistance region), IncK2 (blaTEM-1A), IncI1 [sul2 and tet(A)], and IncY [aadA5, dfrA17, sul2, and tet(A)] plasmids, while IncF-type plasmids had no ARGs but coharbored virulence-associated genes. Despite the differences in the locations and structures of the fos operons, all isolates except one were proven to utilize scFOSs. In this study, we show that the fos operon and its spread are not strictly bound to one group of plasmids, and therefore, it should not be overlooked. IMPORTANCE It was believed that members of the family Enterobacteriaceae are unable to grow under conditions with short-chain fructooligosaccharides as the only source of carbon. Nevertheless, the first Escherichia coli isolate from chicken intestine was able to utilize these sugars owing to the chromosomally harbored fos operon. Studies on E. coli isolates from horses discovered the horizontal transfer of the fos operon on IncHI1 plasmids along with genes for antibiotic resistance. The first plasmid detected was pEQ1, originating from the feces of a hospitalized horse in the Czech Republic. Follow-up studies also revealed the dissemination of the IncHI1 plasmid-harbored fos operon in the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, and France among healthy horses. Despite several cases of detection of the fos operon, its global distribution in bacterial genomes remains unknown. The fos operon possibly plays a role in the adaptation of plasmids among resistant bacteria and therefore may promote the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Nohejl
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Palkovicova
- CEITEC, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Adam Valcek
- CEITEC, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Microbial Resistance and Drug Discovery, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jarmila Lausova
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Dolejska
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, The University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Kotasová H, Capandová M, Pelková V, Dumková J, Koledová Z, Remšík J, Souček K, Garlíková Z, Sedláková V, Rabata A, Vaňhara P, Moráň L, Pečinka L, Porokh V, Kučírek M, Streit L, Havel J, Hampl A. Expandable Lung Epithelium Differentiated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:1033-1050. [PMID: 35670910 PMCID: PMC9478014 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00458-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progenitors to lung airway epithelium that are capable of long-term propagation may represent an attractive source of cells for cell-based therapies, disease modeling, toxicity testing, and others. Principally, there are two main options for obtaining lung epithelial progenitors: (i) direct isolation of endogenous progenitors from human lungs and (ii) in vitro differentiation from some other cell type. The prime candidates for the second approach are pluripotent stem cells, which may provide autologous and/or allogeneic cell resource in clinically relevant quality and quantity. METHODS By exploiting the differentiation potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESC), here we derived expandable lung epithelium (ELEP) and established culture conditions for their long-term propagation (more than 6 months) in a monolayer culture without a need of 3D culture conditions and/or cell sorting steps, which minimizes potential variability of the outcome. RESULTS These hESC-derived ELEP express NK2 Homeobox 1 (NKX2.1), a marker of early lung epithelial lineage, display properties of cells in early stages of surfactant production and are able to differentiate to cells exhibitting molecular and morphological characteristics of both respiratory epithelium of airway and alveolar regions. CONCLUSION Expandable lung epithelium thus offer a stable, convenient, easily scalable and high-yielding cell source for applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kotasová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Capandová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Pelková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Koledová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Remšík
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Current Address: Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Karel Souček
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Garlíková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Sedláková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anas Rabata
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vaňhara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Moráň
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Pečinka
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Volodymyr Porokh
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kučírek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Streit
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Hrubý J, Vavrečková Š, Masaryk L, Sojka A, Navarro-Giraldo J, Bartoš M, Herchel R, Moncol J, Nemec I, Neugebauer P. Deposition of Tetracoordinate Co(II) Complex with Chalcone Ligands on Graphene. Molecules 2020; 25:E5021. [PMID: 33138227 PMCID: PMC7662825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the properties of complex molecules on surfaces is still mostly an unexplored research area because the deposition of the metal complexes has many pitfalls. Herein, we probed the possibility to produce surface hybrids by depositing a Co(II)-based complex with chalcone ligands on chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene by a wet-chemistry approach and by thermal sublimation under high vacuum. Samples were characterized by high-frequency electron spin resonance (HF-ESR), XPS, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and optical microscopy, supported with density functional theory (DFT) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF)/N-electron valence second-order perturbation theory (NEVPT2) calculations. This compound's rationale is its structure, with several aromatic rings for weak binding and possible favorable π-π stacking onto graphene. In contrast to expectations, we observed the formation of nanodroplets on graphene for a drop-cast sample and microcrystallites localized at grain boundaries and defects after thermal sublimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Hrubý
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (S.V.); (A.S.); (J.N.-G.); (M.B.); (I.N.)
| | - Šárka Vavrečková
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (S.V.); (A.S.); (J.N.-G.); (M.B.); (I.N.)
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 61669 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Masaryk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (R.H.)
| | - Antonín Sojka
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (S.V.); (A.S.); (J.N.-G.); (M.B.); (I.N.)
| | - Jorge Navarro-Giraldo
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (S.V.); (A.S.); (J.N.-G.); (M.B.); (I.N.)
| | - Miroslav Bartoš
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (S.V.); (A.S.); (J.N.-G.); (M.B.); (I.N.)
| | - Radovan Herchel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (R.H.)
| | - Ján Moncol
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Ivan Nemec
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (S.V.); (A.S.); (J.N.-G.); (M.B.); (I.N.)
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (R.H.)
| | - Petr Neugebauer
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT, Purkyňova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (S.V.); (A.S.); (J.N.-G.); (M.B.); (I.N.)
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